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Journal articles on the topic 'Japanese language Business'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Fujio, Misa. "Transdisciplinarity in Japanese business communication." AILA Review 34, no. 1 (September 9, 2021): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.20009.fuj.

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Abstract Transdisciplinary collaboration has become one of the most important agendas in the field of Applied Linguistics and professional communication. Investigation into transdisciplinary collaboration has been conducted at the interface of both fields through knowledge transformation and multimethod action research. In Japan, however, investigation into transdisciplinary collaboration or transdisciplinarity still holds great potential for development. As the first step to investigate transdisciplinary collaboration, the author conducted in-depth interviews with eight Japanese business professionals who are also engaged in academic collaboration. The purpose of this study is to understand the challenges and opportunities they are currently facing in transdisciplinary collaboration and to identify shared goals that both applied linguists (academics) and business professionals can explore by focusing on shared language and knowledge transformation in business practice. The whole interview data were analysed using the Modified Grounded Theory Approach (M-GTA) (Kinoshita, 2003), in which nine basic concepts were obtained in the Open Coding Stage. These were then categorised into four larger groups in the Selective Coding Stage: (1) the current barriers for transdisciplinarity, (2) integration of theory and practice, (3) sensitivity to common ground, and (4) contribution to Japanese society. After presenting these concepts, the construction of shared language as a theme of collaboration is highlighted in the Discussion section.

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2

Kamiyama, Tamie, Kyoko Hijirida, and Muneo Yoshikawa. "Japanese Language and Culture for Business and Travel." Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese 22, no. 2 (November 1988): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/488946.

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3

Wetzel, Patricia J., Kyoko Hijirida, and Muneo Yoshikawa. "Japanese Language and Culture for Business and Travel." Modern Language Journal 72, no. 2 (1988): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/328272.

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4

Huffman, James L., and Boye De Mente. "Japanese Etiquette and Ethics in Business." Modern Language Journal 73, no. 1 (1989): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/327294.

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5

Iwao, Nakatani, Kazuo Sato, and Yasuo Hoshino. "The Anatomy of Japanese Business." Journal of Japanese Studies 12, no. 2 (1986): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/132393.

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6

Marriott, Helen. "Language management in intercultural business networks." Language Management Approach 22, no. 2 (November 2, 2012): 195–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.22.2.04mar.

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This paper deals with language management within a transnational business network, with a specific focus on the process of noting. In an analysis of one business encounter involving one Japanese and one Australian business representative, language management is found to occur at the grammatical, (non-grammatical) communicative and also sociocultural/socioeconomic levels. Furthermore, the language management involves not just individual acts but also occurs at the level of the speech event, as seen through an analysis of how the participants perceive the function of the encounter and their respective roles vis-à-vis their own institutional networks. The data consists of a video-tape recording in conjunction with follow-up (stimulated recall) interviews with the two participants.

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7

Nukui, Hiroki. "Japanese intercultural communication hindrances in business environment: Case studies with Polish counterparts." Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 15, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpp-2019-0010.

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AbstractJapan has been facing with paradigm shift necessity in terms of the demographic structure, globalizing business and technology revolution, and as its consequence, also with deficiency of human resources with global literacy. The Japanese government has established a new strategy aiming to develop and foster “Global Human Resources” with high language and communication skills capable for international operations. Analyses of the literature on Japanese sociocultural behavioral characteristics and empirical case studies carried out in Poland with pragmatics approach in this paper reveal that honorifics regarded as a technical layer of interaction management and Japanese habitus consisting of uchi/soto behavioral scheme, unique uchi-codex are causes of interaction failure. These features make Japanese uchi-group ethnocentric and almost impossible for a non-Japanese to assimilate themselves to the uchi-codex. Neither a foreign speaker’s high level of proficiency of the Japanese language nor their good knowledge on Japanese culture itself guarantee successful communication and interaction in the Japanese business sector without their practical ability and endeavors to apply this Japanese behavioral scheme even partially. The whole sociocultural and behavioral discrepancy or this incompatibility of Japanese behavioral scheme to other cultures seems to keep the Japanese away from achieving Human Resources with global literacy.

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8

정규필. "Japanese language proficiency and behavior required in business field." Japanese Modern Association of Korea ll, no. 56 (May 2017): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.16979/jmak..56.201705.59.

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9

Kameda, Naoki. "Business e‐mail for Japanese and their language habits." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 3, no. 2 (February 1998): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb046553.

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10

Jenkins, Susan, and John Hinds. "Business Letter Writing: English, French, and Japanese." TESOL Quarterly 21, no. 2 (June 1987): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3586738.

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11

Xing, Junjie. "Teaching Japanese Honorifics Based on Situational Approach." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 5, no. 5 (May 28, 2021): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v5i5.2162.

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Japanese honorifics are essential language tools that Japanese people often use in communication. The use of these honorifics is extensive especially in Japanese business settings. Hence, to improve students’ proficiency, Japanese language teachers need to emphasize on the education of Japanese honorifics, in addition to implementing the situational approach in their lessons. This article investigates and analyzes the development of Japanese honorifics as well as to propose effective strategies for the implementation of the situational approach in this aspect, in hope to promote the progress of Japanese language education.

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12

Mochida, Yumiko. "Japanese Language Education on Apology in Korea: From Japanese Business Textbooks Published in Korea." Korean Journal of Japanese Education 57 (November 30, 2021): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.21808/kjje.57.06.

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13

Ivanova, Aleksandra. "Difficulties in teaching the second foreign (English) language to students studying oriental language as their major at NEFU, Yakutia, Russia." SHS Web of Conferences 134 (2022): 00107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213400107.

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The Far Eastern Federal District of Russia, including the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is located in close proximity to the Asia-Pacific region, which explains the demand in specialists who know oriental languages. One of the oriental languages (Japanese, Chinese or Korean) is studied at the head university of the republic, and English is the language of business communication. In secondary educational institutions of Yakutia, English is the first foreign language, and students study it as a second foreign language in the university. The goal of this study is to identify the main difficulties of learning English as a second foreign language by bilingual students studying the oriental language (Japanese, Chinese or Korean) as their major. The study analyzed domestic and foreign literature, professional educational programs of the North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, characteristics of students from the indigenous population of Yakutia. It was substantiated that the more difficulties in mastering the subject, the stricter the requirements for mastering the educational material.

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14

Matsumoto, Kazuko, and David Britain. "Diaspora Japanese: transnational mobility and language contact." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2022, no. 273 (January 1, 2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2021-0009.

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Abstract In introducing this special issue on Japanese outside of Japan, this article sets the scene by providing an overview of the genesis and trajectories of the Japanese diaspora which examines the history of international population movements, demographic transitions, educational orientations and language situations in the resulting communities. It touches upon: (a) the disappearance of the oldest nihon machi (Japan towns) formed by fleeing samurai and traders as refugee and trade diasporas; (b) the emergence of Nikkei (Japanese ancestry) identities in Japanese labour diaspora communities; (c) the obsolescence of varieties of Japanese learnt/acquired during childhood in imperial diaspora contexts, along with the employment and integration of Japanese borrowings in the local languages; (d) the contrast in the social lives and language situations in global Japanese diaspora communities between affluent long-term residents living within Japanese norms, on the one hand, and, on the other, permanent residents seeking personal freedom from these norms; and (e) the contrasting social realities in contemporary Japan of returnee children of Japanese diplomats and expatriate Japanese business executives as a new privileged class, on the one hand, and returnee Nikkei Latin Americans working as foreign labourers in Japan, on the other. Given the wide range of historical and socio-economic contexts in which the Japanese diaspora found itself, we conclude that it continues to provide a rich seam of potential sociolinguistic enquiry, which may provide an illustrative framework serving as a possible model for the historicised analysis of diasporic sociolinguistic complexities in other world contexts.

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Smitka, Michael, and Koichi Shimokawa. "The Japanese Automobile Industry: A Business History." Journal of Japanese Studies 22, no. 2 (1996): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/132998.

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16

Cho, Nam-Sung, and Mizuki Funahashi. "Errors in politehonorific expressions in business Japanese language textbooks in Korea." Japanese Language Association Of Korea 58 (December 31, 2018): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14817/jlak.2018.58.151.

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17

Zhang, Ziyuan. "Content Analysis of Language-Sensitive Recruitment Influenced by Corporate Language Policy Using Topic Modeling." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 61 (July 2, 2021): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.vi61.127928.

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Language-sensitive recruitment is a language management tool frequently used by corporate organizations. However, its relationship with corporate policy is lacking; hence, this study aims to consider language-sensitive job advertisements from a computational text analysis perspective and explore the match (or mismatch) between language-sensitive recruitment (English, Japanese, or bilingual) and corporate language policy. This study uses corpus methods combined with topic modeling and text analysis to investigate the influence of corporate language policy on the textual practice of language-sensitive recruitment in a Japanese multinational corporation (MNC). This study finds a considerable discrepancy between recruitment needs and corporate language policy. It also finds that bilinguals still play a key role in crossing language boundaries 10 years post-mandate of the English language policy in this Japanese MNC. The study contributes to business language by exploring an additional scenario for linking language competency with actual recruitment needs. Thus, this study sheds light on the implementation of language-sensitive recruitment in a multilingual corporate context, affecting the communication patterns and recruitment tactics.

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18

Lincoln, Edward J., Michael L. Gerlach, Kenichi Imai, Ryutaro Komiya, Ronald Dore, and Hugh Whittaker. "Alliance Capitalism: The Social Organization of Japanese Business." Journal of Japanese Studies 22, no. 1 (1996): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/133075.

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19

Ratna, Maharani, Lenggahing Saputri, and Chisbiya Latifa. "Mapping Japanese Language Proficiency Test Needs for Vocational Students Based on Industrial World Demand." Journal of Learning and Development Studies 2, no. 3 (August 21, 2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jlds.2022.2.3.1.

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Currently, it is hoped that the Indonesian government will be able to meet the industry needs for vocational graduates at the university level. This study aims to map the need for Japanese language proficiency tests for vocational students based on the demands of the industrial world. In addition, this study also investigates how the industry demands the Japanese language skills of vocational students. The data was collected through a survey conducted on eight foreign companies that employ employees with Japanese language skills. This research shows that the industry's need for Japanese language proficiency tests is still very high. Specifically, the industry requires graduates with business communication skills in Japanese and graduates who have mastery of the vocabulary of industrial terminology. It is a challenge for vocational graduates, so there is continuity between vocational graduates and the needs of the industrial world. In addition, English language and soft skills, the ability to work in teams, and high integrity are still needed in the industrial world.

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20

McCreary, Don R., and Haru Yamada. "American and Japanese Business Discourse: A Comparison of Interactional Styles." Language 70, no. 2 (June 1994): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/415876.

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21

Saito, Yoshiko. "Assessing Perceived Needs for Japanese Language Training in U.S. Business Education: Perspectives from Students, Business Faculty, and Business Professionals." Foreign Language Annals 28, no. 1 (March 1995): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.1995.tb00772.x.

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22

Inoguchi, Takashi. "The Nature and Functioning of Japanese Politics." Government and Opposition 26, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1991.tb01132.x.

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JAPAN'S INCREASING AFFLUENCE AND ITS INFLUENCE IN world affairs have led many to inquire about the functioning of Japanese politics and how one should deal with the Japanese in government or business negotiations. With the steady rise of such interest in Japan, the study of Japanese politics has started to flourish at home and abroad. It was impossible to predict one or two decades ago that one would find so many students, many of whom have a good command of the Japanese language, enrolled in a graduate course on Japanese politics in major US universities. Writings on Japanese politics have started to attract many more general readers, not just a small group of specialists in Japanese politics whose number would not reach, by any method of calculation, one thousand in the whole world. In this article I shall summarize and discuss some major debates on the nature and functioning of Japanese politics with some recent illustrations. The following three subjects have been chosen: decision-making and policy implementation, power structure and the nature of democracy.

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23

Yoshimitsu, Kuniko. "Japanese school children in Melbourne and their language maintenance efforts." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2000): 255–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.10.2.07yos.

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This paper presents a case study of language maintenance efforts made by bilingual Japanese children in Melbourne whose parents are of Japanese background. The children were selected from two sub-groups in the Japanese community: the children of business sojourners (temporary residents), the largest sub-group in the community, and the children of permanent residents, the second largest sub-group. Focusing on the micro-level language planning for maintenance, this study examines the speakers’ degree and direction of maintenance in terms of Japanese language proficiency, and it analyses the correlation between the maintenance achieved, the factors, and the strategies adopted. Two instruments have been developed for the assessment of speakers’ naturally occurring spoken discourse data. It is argued that the children’s differing residential status, being either a sojourner or permanent resident, is a key factor affecting the maintenance process and its outcomes, and that maintenance at the micro-level, specifically individual and family levels, is the result of the combined efforts of the parents and the children.

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24

Kitayama, Tamaki. "The distribution and characteristics of Japanese vocatives in business situations." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 447–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.23.3.04kit.

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This paper aims to analyse the types of Japanese vocatives used in business situations, and demonstrate the characteristics of their distribution with different politeness levels as shown in films on human relationships in large traditional corporations in and around Tokyo. The discussion builds on the theory of “discernment or social indexing politeness” (Hill et al. 1986; Ide 2006; Ide et al. 1986; Kasper 1990; Geyer 2008), and positions that of “strategic or volitional politeness” (ibid.) with the variables of “power” and “distance” proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987). In a society of collectivism under a vertical structure with seniority system, people have their own ba (‘place’) (Nakane 2005) where they are expected to choose socially accepted language and behaviour according to whom they address; namely, seniors or juniors, and uchi (‘in-group’) or soto (‘out-group’) members. The use of vocatives is fixed based primarily upon “power” (age and status) and “distance” (in- or out-group), and is hardly flexible to changes in form in business or private situations. “Power” prevails in addressing in-group members; whereas “distance” determines the choice of vocatives used between out-group people. Within a group, indirect polite forms are used to address superiors, whilst direct familiar forms are chosen when speaking to subordinates, which presents a nonreciprocal use of terms; power downwards and reserve upwards. The intentional individual use of last name+-san (‘Mr./Ms.’) is also argued here as it has dichotomous aspects of politeness; sounding more polite to address a subordinate, and less polite when used with a boss. To out-group members, people tend to choose more of polite forms to each other. These vocative choices reflect the relative position of the Japanese interdependent “self” (Morisaki & Gudykunst 1994; Gudykunst et al. 1996; Spencer-Oatey & Franklin 2009) with “other- and mutual-face” (Ting-Toomey & Oetzel 2002), which follows social norms, striving to meet expectations made by groups it belongs to and identifies itself with.

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Austin, Theresa, Chisako Nakayama, Akiko Oda, Sadako Urabe, and Yoshiko Ley. "A Yen for Business: Language Learning for Specific Purposes - A Japanese Example." Foreign Language Annals 27, no. 2 (May 1994): 196–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.1994.tb01202.x.

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Macpherson, Wayne G., James C. Lockhart, Heather Kavan, and Anthony L. Iaquinto. "Kaizen: a Japanese philosophy and system for business excellence." Journal of Business Strategy 36, no. 5 (September 21, 2015): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-07-2014-0083.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a definitive and insightful working definition of kaizen for practitioners and academics in the West through which they may better understand the kaizen phenomenon and its intangible but critical underpinning philosophy. Design/methodology/approach – A phenomenological study of the utility of kaizen within in the bounds of active kaizen environments in name Japanese industrial organisations was conducted over a three-year period in Japan. The research explored how Japanese workers acknowledge, exercise, identify and diffuse kaizen in a sustainable manner. Findings – Kaizen is found to be a broad philosophical approach to work that serves different purposes for different members of the organisation, where no universal definition appears to exist yet differing ideologies are tolerated. Kaizen in Japan has a considerably deep meaning: it channels worker creativity and expressions of individuality into bounded environments, and creates an energy that drives a shared state of mind among employees to achieve proactive changes and innovation in the workplace. Originality/value – This paper competently bridges the Japanese-Anglosphere cultural divide in social and business contexts. It contributes to the development of practitioner understanding of the utility of kaizen in Japan through unhindered cross-cultural research methodology, enabled by researcher competency and fluency in Japanese language and culture.

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27

Lynn, Leonard, Hasegawa Harukiyo, and Glenn D. Hook. "Japanese Business Management: Restructuring for Low Growth and Globalization." Journal of Japanese Studies 25, no. 2 (1999): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/133322.

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Hatch, Walter, and Osamu Katayama. "Japanese Business into the 21st Century: Strategies for Success." Journal of Japanese Studies 24, no. 1 (1998): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/132962.

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Ke, I.-Chung. "Deficient non-native speakers or translanguagers?" Asian Perspectives on English as a Lingua Franca and Identity 26, no. 2 (August 11, 2016): 280–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.26.2.06ke.

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This study investigated how the experience of a multilingual and multimodal English as a lingua franca (ELF) online intercultural exchange (OIE) influenced Taiwanese university students’ linguistic identities. Data was drawn from 26 Taiwanese students who had 10 weekly one-hour video live-chats with 18 Japanese students in 2 semesters. Taiwanese participants were interviewed on their language use and issues related to identities before, during, and after the exchange. Students’ language use patterns in the OIE and reflections on the OIE were also analyzed. Interviews revealed that the multilingual ELF experience had a liberating and empowering effect for students’ English use. In multimodal communication, they felt more comfortable using English together with other languages, evidenced by increasing productions of code-mixing utterances in later weeks. However, the anxiety of using Japanese with a native Japanese speaker still persisted. In particular, the native-speaker (NS)–nonnative-speaker (NNS) interactions constrained them to pay more attention to form and accuracy, which positioned both Taiwanese and Japanese students as either native speakers or deficient nonnative language learners.

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Mun, Dayul, Haeyoung Won, and So San Kang. "The Study on Direction of Development of Self-study Business Korean Textbook for Japanese Officers." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 44, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 977–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2022.11.44.11.977.

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The purpose of this paper is to search the direction of the development of self-study business Korean textbooks for Japanese officers. In many cases, Japanese officers have to learn Korean, the language of their trading partner, on their own for work efficiency. However, textbooks for them are significantly lacking. We suggested the development direction of self-study business textbooks as follows. First, a B5 size textbook is suitable for self-study learner. Second, visual materials such as photos and illustrations should be used and Japanese explanations should be added to help learners understand the contents. Third, realistic pronunciations should be presented and the appendix for supplementary explanations should be actively used. Fourth, self-evaluation should be conducted for each unit so that learners can check their own learning. Fifth, Korea's diverse corporate culture should be introduced. And we present the contents of the self-study business textbook for Japanese according to the direction of development.

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McCarthy, M. "Review: Negotiating Moves: Problem Presentation and Resolution in Japanese Business Discourse." Applied Linguistics 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/amh045.

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Reswari, Girindra Putri Ardana, and James Kalimanzila. "Human Resources Perspectives: Intercultural Competence Benefits In Learning English and Japanese Languages Simultaneously." KIRYOKU 5, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v5i1.80-86.

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This research is aiming at discussing the benefits of learning English and Japanese languages simultaneously to cross-cultural competency. This article is also having a further discussion about the human resources development benefits gained from learning the two languages and cultures. English and Japanese are two languages that are famous as foreign languages for international business. It is because The United States, Japan, and the major economic forces of Western Europe are developed countries whose infrastructures and well-established financial markets are conducive to the operation and potential success of multinational corporations (MNCs). This study is a qualitative study with explanatory research as its method. The data gained by analyzing the perceptions drawn from the existing literature of various scholars documented in journals and books connected to Japanese and English languages, as well as human resources development issues. The results showed that learning Japanese and English simultaneously is also a good method in teaching the worker or students that will work in an international setting in having the comprehension of cross-cultural issues in general. The differences of those languages in terms of culture such as direct and indirect behavior in speaking, personal address system, and polite speech will become an example of understanding two different foreign language categories: high and low context cultures.

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Yusri, Lady Diana. "SELF INTRODUCING AND WORK ETHICS IN JAPANESE COMPANIES." Jurnal Kata 1 (May 21, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22216/kata.v1i0.5075.

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<p><em>Japanese workers are known for their high morale while they have been working. As the employment of Japanese companies/factory, they tend to do their work in a team. Therefore, for Indonesian workers who want to collaborate with Japanese workers, they must have the ability to communicate of Japanese language and culture of the work. One of the things that must be known to have communication with Japanese people is knowing how to introduce yourself, or referred to as jikoshoukai in Japanese. The purpose of this research was to find out the expressions used by Japanese people when introducing themselves or being introduced in several of working places in Japanese companies. Besides, knowing ethics in getting acquainted with Japanese companies. Data obtained from Japanese textbooks. The results obtained that when introducing yourself in Japanese, several things should be considered, first, using polite language such as being able to use opening greetings such as hajimemashite, and closing greeting yoroshiku onegaishimasu. Second, mention the job position in the company. Third, good posture by bending down, and the four workers should prepare a business card.</em></p>

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Kameda, Naoki. "The implication of language style in business communication: focus on English versus Japanese." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 6, no. 3 (September 2001): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000005738.

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35

Harisal, Harisal Harisal, and Kanah Kanah Kanah. "ACTIVE INTERFERENCE OF STUDENTS OF TOURISM DEPARTMENT, STATE POLYTECHNIC OF BALI IN JAPANESE LANGUAGE LEARNING." HUMANIKA 27, no. 2 (December 2, 2020): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/humanika.v27i2.33560.

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In studying Japanese, interference is so highlighted because language interference is the most conspicuous source of error among Japanese language learners in the Department of Tourism of the State Polytechnic of Bali. This study aims to describe the type of active interference that arises in students of the Department of Tourism, State Polytechnic of Bali who study Japanese and mentions the factors of active interference. The method used is a qualitative approach to the type of research is descriptive research. The data collected in this study is not in the form of numbers but comes from percentages, field notes, personal documents, notes, memos, and other official documents so that the purpose of this qualitative research is to describe the empirical reality behind the phenomenon in-depth, detailed, and complete. Called descriptive because this study seeks to describe the type of active interference that arises in students of the tourism department, State Polytechnic of Bali. The population in this study were all students majoring in Tourism who came from three study programs who were studying Japanese. While the sample in this study was second-semester students of Hospitality study class D totaling 33 people and class E totaling 34 people, and second-semester students of programs Study of Tourism Business Management class B amounted to 34 people who were taken intentionally (purposive) from 12 classes in three study programs in Tourism department. Based on research, students of the Tourism Department, State Polytechnic of Bali showed a tendency to make an active interference in the lexical field, such as active interference of nouns, verbs, and adjectives. They namely deliberately and consciously incorporating elements of mother language and Indonesian when learning Japanese because of limited dictions, Use of Japanese vocabulary without knowing the function, and the mother tongue / Indonesian language which has taken root.

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Futagami, Mami. "Sustainable development in the frontiers of the American Megalopolis." Ekistics and The New Habitat 70, no. 420/421 (August 1, 2003): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200370420/421281.

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Dr Futagami, a graduate of the Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University, Japan, with degrees (in Language Studies) from Columbia University Teachers' College, USA; (in Anthropology) from Pennsylvania State University; and Tsuda College, Tokyo, is on the Faculty of Foreign Languages and Asian Studies, Nagoya University of Commerce and Business Administration, Japan. Her major publications, reflecting her main fields of study on regional development, regional planning and American studies, include "Appalachia: A region politically invented and restored through civic actions," NUCB Journal of Economics and Management,47, 2: 261-281 (2003) (in Japanese); The evolution of local initiatives in rural America," NUCB Journal of Economics and Management, 46, 2: 267-299 (2002); Transformation of Regional Policies Toward Sustainable Development: The Evolving Synthesis of Government Intervention and Local Initiatives: Ph.D. dissertation submitted to Kyushu University, Japan (2001); "Regional development of the Tennessee Valley and transformation of local economic and natural environment," Regional Development Studies, 6: 67-94 (2000); Jean Gottmann's Urban Studies: Megalopolis to Since Megalopolis, CrossCulture, 1 1: 343-374 (1993) (in Japanese); co-authored with Y. Miyakawa,"Japan's World Map Museum: Global environment, mega-infrastructure,and remote sensing," Sistema Terra, 2, 2: 56-64 (1993); and many other articles both in English and in Japanese.

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Haruhito, Takeda, and William Miles Fletcher. "The Japanese Business Community and National Trade Policy, 1920-1942." Journal of Japanese Studies 17, no. 1 (1991): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/132912.

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Nakamura, Masao, and Toshiaki Tachibanaki. "Who Runs Japanese Business? Management and Motivation in the Firm." Journal of Japanese Studies 26, no. 1 (2000): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/133428.

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Inoue, Jun. "Healthcare: The case of Japan." Migration Letters 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2013): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v10i2.143.

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Japan requires all of the healthcare practitioners to be qualified by national examinations and to be fluent in Japanese. Consequently, the number of immigrant workers remains very low, although Japan is faced with staff shortage. Even under the special bilateral arrangement that allows nurses and certified care workers from Indonesia and Philippines to practice temporally, there are very few who passed the Japan’s national examination: it is difficult for them to read technical terms written in Japanese, especially written in Chinese characters (Kanji). In care subsector, where wage is lower than physicians and nurses and qualifications/licenses are not necessarily required, the number of employed foreign-born residents is rapidly increased. Some local governments have started to support them to complete language and care-work courses. These facts show that language support is necessary if Japan considers that matching local staff demands is important for competitiveness. If Japan considers that development of inbound and outbound business leads to competitiveness, it is necessary for Japan to introduce systematic efforts to bring up foreign-born staffs, but language fluency requirement is not necessary in accepting foreign-born workers.

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Rivers, Damian J. "Japanese national identification and English language learning processes." International Journal of Intercultural Relations 35, no. 1 (January 2011): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.09.006.

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Shkura, Iryna S., and Oleksii O. Yaloza. "PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF ELABORATION OF INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT PROJECT IN EDUCATION SPHERE IN JAPAN." Європейський вектор економічного розвитку 1, no. 32 (June 2022): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5362-2022-1-32-10.

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In Japan, one of the strongest economies in the world and home to 125 million people, proficiency in English language is associated with the huge advantages and signifies privilege since the Meiji era when English was used as a tool by Japanese elite in a technological catch-up with the West. The seven years of U.S. occupation of the country after the Second World War have also left a big impact on the Japan’s economic, political and social development. The reconstruction of Japan aided by Americans altered the perception of Japanese people, associating English language with such ideas like freedom and democracy. During the seven years of occupation the country faced a lot of political and economic changes, including liberalization, and was slowly transitioning its central industries from agriculture to light manufacturing and later to heavy manufacturing. The economy of Japan has been slowly recovering from an era of economic stagnation, it is on the path of the moderate growth. Today, it is the third strongest economy with the nominal GDP of about $5.06 trillion that is focused on advanced manufacturing and export, agriculture, fishing and tourism. Japan is very special and different from other countries; a lot of great companies and unique business practices were born there. It is also leading in high-tech innovations and manufacturing. While having a lot of opportunities for various businesses, being politically stable and safe country, its bureaucracy and the comparative difficulty of doing business for foreigners makes it a controversial but potentially rewarding choose for an investment project. In the recent years, the necessity of knowing how to communicate in English has increased significantly. The school program focuses mainly on such skills as reading and writing, and a lot of attempts to reform the system has failed. That is why parents and students are approaching private language schools to master the abilities of speaking and listening. In addition, English teaching is one of the most popular jobs for foreigners in Japan. The language school market is quite saturated, but at given circumstances it can be very rewarding. The idea of the investment project is to create a private language school that will focus on giving Japanese people the practical English skills. The project involves the creation of Gōdō Kaisha (a Japanese analogue to the LLC). This type of incorporation fits the company best, considering the size and scale of the activities. As the company is not planning to issue certificates, the need for special licensing from the state is absent. Appointing a representative director is obligatory in Japan, but GK, allows to appoint a representative director who is not a resident in Japan. The company plans to hire the foreigners already living in Japan, that way the company will be

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Iwashita, Hitoshi. "Transferring family logic within a multinational corporation." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 26, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 639–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-12-2018-0212.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to extend the understandingof how family logic is transferred through mundane practices across the subsidiaries of a Japanese multinational corporation (MNC) in different national contexts. Design/methodology/approach In order to fulfil this purpose, a comparative qualitative case study was adopted with emphasis on actors’ interpretations. Findings Through qualitative data analysis, three findings and their theoretical significances can be summarised. First, it was found that the constellations of family, market and religion logics were transferred differently. This is significant for Japanese management scholars since it illuminates the importance of actors who perceive the (non-) necessity of logics in a Japanese MNC facing institutional dualities. Second, it was found that the family logic is enacted at different levels and with different boundaries. This is significant for both institutionalists and international business scholars since it highlights the strong influence of language and religion in the transfer of logics from one country to another. Third, it was found that the enactment of the family logic greatly affects the acceptability of Japanese management practices. This is significant for business managers since it further proposes an intimate relationship between Japanese management practices and the meanings attached to the family logic. Originality/value The originality of this work stems from an updated comparative qualitative study of the management of a Japanese MNCs’ subsidiaries across different countries, providing in-depth insights for international business, Japanese subsidiary management and institutional logics perspectives.

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Marion, Elisa Carolina. "Analisis Satuan Acara Perkuliahan Mata Kuliah Korespondensi Bisnis Jepang di 7 Perguruan Tinggi Se-Jabodetabek." Humaniora 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2010): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v1i2.2888.

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Japanese Business Correspondence is a course that is given by 7 Japanese language study institutions all around Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi). Each institution has their own uniqueness which can be seen in course unit composition. The research method used in this research is survey. The result of this research is that most institutions teach the general correspondence rather than business correspondence. It is also found that there are 2 institutions having uniqueness compared with the other five institutions. The two institutions are STBA LIA and BINUS University. The speciality of STBA LIA is the subject related to verbal correspondence. Meanwhile, BINUS University is more specialized in email-format correspondence.

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Matsuno, Sumie. "Perspectives: Sexism in Japanese Radio Business English Program Textbooks." JALT Journal 24, no. 1 (May 1, 2002): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltjj24.1-5.

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In Japanese society, “sexism” is still pervasive and has crept into EFL (English as a Foreign Language) textbooks. The Easy Business English series of textbooks, utilized by a nation-wide radio program in Japan from October 2000 to March 2001, are examined for sexism. A brief analysis of the omission of females is followed by a discussion of occupational roles of males and females, and then a discussion of gendered identities. Finally, word choices are investigated. This paper concludes that sexism is still an issue to be dealt with and suggests that EFL teachers reexamine the textbooks used in their classrooms. 日本の社会では現在もなお、性差別（sexism）が存在し、それが英語のテキストにも反映されている。本研究では全国ネットのラジオ局による語学プログラム「やさしいビジネス英語」で2000年10月から2001年3月まで使用されたテキストを取り上げ、性差別の観点から分析した。女性の過少評価の分析から始め、男女の役割、男女のアイデンティティ、言語差別等を調査した。その結果、性差別が存在することを明らかにし、英語教師が教室で使用するテキストに関しても、性差別の有無を再調査するよう提案している。

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Fujii, Yasunari. "The translation of legal agreements and contracts from Japanese into English." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 59, no. 4 (December 31, 2013): 421–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.59.4.03fuj.

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This article provides evidence for the applicability of free translation to legal texts, based on an examination of actual cases of Japanese-to-English translation of agreements and contracts in which problems arise from literal translation. The data analysis shows that pitfalls associated with literal translation are attributable to not only the difficulty of finding terminological equivalents that inevitably arises from the differences in the Japanese and American legal and cultural systems, but also to the importance of preserving the spirit of mutual trust and cooperation that is found in Japanese business transactions. It is also postulated that general linguistic and interpretive problems inherent in Japanese-to-English translation of nontechnical texts, including redundancy, ambiguity, propensity for nonspecific statements, and the lack of linguistic clues (e.g., indicators of number), have fundamental, but not well understood, implications for legal translation. The conclusions indicate the need for an integrated approach to legal translation practice that uses both literal and free translations, taking into full account the linguistic, cultural, and legal factors at work in the translation process.

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Ujiie, Saeko Ozawa. "Impacts and implications of English as the corporate official language policy: A case in Japan." Journal of English as a Lingua Franca 9, no. 1 (October 25, 2020): 103–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2020-2035.

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AbstractIncreasing numbers of corporations are now operating across national borders as a result of globalization. The “language barrier” is the first and foremost challenge they encounter when starting a business in a foreign market, and many companies are trying to solve the problem by adopting a common corporate language. Using English as an official corporate language is the most common solution for those corporations. The present study explored the impacts of English as a corporate official language policy implemented at a company, a rapidly developed high profile IT Company with 20,000 employees, in Japan, a country often perceived to be relatively monolingual and monocultural. When I started studying the company, I first found that the company’s motive to use English as the official corporate language was different from other instances of corporate language policy making I had come across. In previous studies (e.g., Feely & Harzing 2003; Marschan-Piekkari, Welch, & Welch 1999), the companies implemented common corporate language to solve problems caused by language barriers between employees with diverse linguistic backgrounds. However, the company in this study implemented the corporate language policy to prepare for globalization and recruit talents globally. When the company introduced the English-only language policy, most of the employees of the company were Japanese. Therefore, at the time of implementing the language policy, there was no compelling reason for them to use English. The language policy did not work effectively except for a few departments with non-Japanese employees who spoke different first languages. English functioned as a lingua franca in those departments with multinational employees. The findings indicate that for NNESs (non-native English speakers) to communicate with each other in English, the environment has to be more multilingual, less dominated by a single first language. Although almost all Japanese citizens are required to take intensive English courses in compulsory schoolings, the average level of English proficiency is considered to be relatively low in the advanced economies. The present study indicates that it is not for linguistic competence but a lack of interaction with other ELF speakers. Therefore, for learners of ELF in an intensely monolingual society such as Japan to become competent communicators in ELF, providing multilingual learning environments would be more effective than the prevailing teaching practices of classroom learning in L1 Japanese speaker only environments.

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Pasfield-Neofitou, Sarah E. "Learners’ language management in internet-based communication with Japanese peers." Language Management Approach 22, no. 2 (November 2, 2012): 271–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.22.2.08pas.

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This paper reports on an empirical analysis of the language management strategies of Australian learners of Japanese in Internet communication with their Japanese native-speaking peers, in order to evaluate the interpersonal and technological factors that contribute to learner noting processes. The paper makes use of the language management model, including the concept of “noting”, to explore learners’ Internet communication, not only in terms of occurrence of noting and perceptions of norm deviations on the micro-level, but also the impact of macro-level language planning in Internet communities.

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Ota, Fusako. "The Effectiveness of Smartphone and Tablet PC Apps for Japanese Language Learning." IALLT Journal of Language Learning Technologies 44, no. 2 (April 15, 2015): 64–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/iallt.v44i2.8544.

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The emergence of smartphones and tablet PCs in the second decade ofthe 21 sf century has furthered possibilities for mobile learning. Thecharacteristics of smartphones and tablet PC devices such as affinity,portability, accessibility and the availability of low cost applications(apps) with various functions have transformed these devices into arealistic means of learning. In fact, it has been reported that manysecond language (L2) learners have used such language learning appsand evaluated them positively. The adaptation of mobile apps for L2language education and training has been actively implemented by notonly individual users but also educational and business sectors in manycountries. Thus, this study explores the effectiveness of smartphone andtablet PC apps for Japanese language learning, focusing on learners ofJapanese at a university in Australia. The types of Japanese languagelearning apps that students have used and their usage are examined, inorder to investigate the effectiveness of such apps. This study aims toprovide helpful information to L2 educators and learners about theadaptation of mobile devices to assist their language teaching andlearning.

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Dai, Fan. "English-language creative writing by Chinese university students." English Today 28, no. 3 (September 2012): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078412000259.

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In China, most universities have a school of foreign languages, where students majoring in English, German, French, Japanese, and other languages study the language for the first two years, and take introductory courses in the linguistics and literature of the language concerned, and then progress to higher-level linguistic and literary courses, as well as translation studies. English is the most popular foreign language in China, and, with the improvement of English teaching in high schools, the average student entering university now has a higher level of English proficiency than previous generations of students. However, students with high scores in English often choose to study ‘practical’ subjects other than English, such as business studies, computer science, economics, medicine, etc. Increasingly, a number of programs at universities in China are even being taught through the medium of English. Consequently, English majors have less and less advantage over non-English majors, and departments of English have had to restructure their syllabi to cope with the situation. Courses in translation studies, intercultural communication and applied linguistics have thus gained greater recognition because of their functional importance in the real world (see Qu, this issue).

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kaneko, ruriko. "A Study on Japanese Language Education to Promote Understanding of Honorific Use in Business Situation." Korean Journal of Japanese Education 47 (May 31, 2019): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21808/kjje.47.01.

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