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Academic literature on the topic 'J-RAC'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "J-RAC"

1

Zhang, Qing, Jero Calafat, Hans Janssen, and Steven Greenberg. "ARF6 Is Required for Growth Factor- and Rac-Mediated Membrane Ruffling in Macrophages at a Stage Distal to Rac Membrane Targeting." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 12 (December 1, 1999): 8158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.12.8158.

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ABSTRACT Activation of Rac1, a member of the Rho family of GTPases, is associated with multiple cellular responses, including membrane ruffling and focal complex formation. The mechanisms by which Rac1 is coupled to these functional responses are not well understood. It was recently shown that ARF6, a GTPase implicated in cytoskeletal alterations and a membrane recycling pathway, is required for Rac1-dependent phagocytosis in macrophages (Q. Zhang et al., J. Biol. Chem. 273:19977–19981, 1998). To determine whether ARF6 is required for Rac1-dependent cytoskeletal responses in macrophages, we expressed wild-type (WT) or guanine nucleotide binding-deficient alleles (T27N) of ARF6 in macrophages coexpressing activated alleles of Rac1 (Q61L) or Cdc42 (Q61L) or stimulated with colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1). Expression of ARF6 T27N but not ARF6 WT inhibited ruffles mediated by Rac1 Q61L or CSF-1. In contrast, expression of ARF6 T27N did not inhibit Rac1 Q61L-mediated focal complex formation and did not impair Cdc42 Q61L-mediated filopodial formation. Cryoimmunogold electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of ARF6 in membrane ruffles induced by either CSF-1 or Rac1 Q61L. Addition of CSF-1 to macrophages led to the redistribution of ARF6 from the interior of the cell to the plasma membrane, suggesting that this growth factor triggers ARF6 activation. Direct targeting of Rac1 to the plasma membrane did not bypass the blockade in ruffling induced by ARF6 T27N, indicating that ARF6 regulates a pathway leading to membrane ruffling that occurs after the activation and membrane association of Rac. These data demonstrate that intact ARF6 function is required for coupling activated Rac to one of several effector pathways and suggest that a principal function of ARF6 is to coordinate Rac activation with plasma membrane-based protrusive events.
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2

Davies, Tim, and Julie C. Canman. "Stuck in the middle: Rac, adhesion, and cytokinesis." Journal of Cell Biology 198, no. 5 (September 3, 2012): 769–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201207197.

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Rho family small GTPases (Rac, RhoA, and Cdc42) function at the core of cytokinesis, the physical division of one cell into two. In this issue, Bastos et al. (2012. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201204107) identify a new role for Rac inhibition: to release cell adhesion at the division plane and allow efficient constriction of the contractile ring. They show that the GTPase-activating protein, CYK4, suppresses equatorial cell substrate adhesion by inhibiting Rac and therefore its effectors ARFGEF7 and PAK1/2.
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3

Dusi, S., M. Donini, and F. Rossi. "Mechanisms of NADPH oxidase activation in human neutrophils: p67phox is required for the translocation of rac 1 but not of rac 2 from cytosol to the membranes." Biochemical Journal 308, no. 3 (June 15, 1995): 991–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3080991.

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NADPH oxidase is the enzyme complex responsible for the production of oxygen radicals in phagocytes. On neutrophil stimulation, the cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase, p67phox and p47phox, as well as the Ras-related G-protein rac 2, are translocated from the cytosol to cell membranes where they associate with a flavocytochrome b to form a functional complex. Besides rac 2, rac 1 G-protein is also involved in the activation of the NADPH oxidase, but, to date, it has not been documented whether it is also translocated in activated neutrophils. In this paper we show that: (a) in neutrophils stimulated with formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine, concanavalin A or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, both rac 1 and rac 2 are translocated from cytosol to the membranes; (b) in neutrophils from a patient with a form of chronic granulomatous disease in which p67phox is absent, rac 2 and p47phox were translocated as in normal neutrophils on stimulation with the above agonists, but rac 1 failed to be translocated from the cytosol to the membranes. This is the first demonstration that, in activated neutrophils, rac 1 is translocated from the cytosol to the membranes and this translocation requires p67phox. These results, coupled with those showing that rac 2 is not translocated in activated neutrophils lacking p47phox [El Benna, Ruedi and Babior (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 6729-6734], may suggest that the assembly of the cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase on the plasma membrane takes place through selective coupling of activated rac 1 and rac 2 with p67phox and p47phox respectively.
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4

Lerm, Maria, Marius Pop, Gerhard Fritz, Klaus Aktories, and Gudula Schmidt. "Proteasomal Degradation of Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1-Activated Rac." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 8 (August 2002): 4053–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.8.4053-4058.2002.

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ABSTRACT The cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) from Escherichia coli has been shown to activate members of the Rho family by deamidation of glutamine 63. This amino acid is essential for hydrolysis of GTP, and any substitution results in a constitutively active Rho. Activation of Rho induces the formation of stress fibers, filopodia, and membrane ruffles due to activation of RhoA, Cdc42, and Rac, respectively. Here we show that the level of endogenous Rac decreased in CNF1-treated HEK293 and HeLa cells. The amount of mRNA remained unaffected, leaving the possibility that Rac is subject to proteolytic degradation. Treatment of cells with lactacystin, an inhibitor of the 26S proteasome, protected Rac from degradation. We have previously shown that CNF1 activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) only transiently in HeLa cells (M. Lerm, J. Selzer, A. Hoffmeyer, U. R. Rapp, K. Aktories, and G. Schmidt, Infect. Immun. 67:496-503, 1998). Here we show that CNF1-induced JNK activation is stabilized in the presence of lactacystin. The data indicate that Rac is degraded by a proteasome-dependent pathway in CNF1-treated cells.
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5

Shikata, Yasushi, Konstantin G. Birukov, and Joe G. N. Garcia. "S1P induces FA remodeling in human pulmonary endothelial cells: role of Rac, GIT1, FAK, and paxillin." Journal of Applied Physiology 94, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 1193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00690.2002.

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Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) enhances human pulmonary endothelial monolayer integrity via Rac GTPase-dependent formation of a cortical actin ring (Garcia et al. J Clin Invest 108: 689–701, 2001). The mechanisms underlying this response are not well understood but may involve rapid redistribution of focal adhesions (FA) as attachment sites for actin filaments. We evaluate the effects of S1P on the redistribution of paxillin, FA kinase (FAK), and the G protein-coupled receptor kinase-interacting proteins (GITs). S1P induced Rac GTPase activation and cortical actin ring formation at physiological concentrations (0.5 μM), whereas 5 μM S1P caused prominent stress fiber formation and activation of Rho and Rac GTPases. S1P (0.5 μM) stimulated the tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK Y576, and paxillin was linked to FA disruption and redistribution to the cell periphery. Furthermore, S1P induced a transient association of GIT1 with paxillin and redistribution of the GIT2-paxillin complex to the cell cortical area without affecting GIT2-paxillin association. These results suggest a role of FA rearrangement in S1P-mediated barrier enhancement via Rac- and GIT-mediated processes.
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Morgan-Spencer, Alex, and Daniel Greenberg. "P-REX1: A Novel RAC Activing Guanine-Nucleotide Exchange Factor in Human Platelets." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 3639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3639.3639.

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Abstract A major signaling pathway that regulates platelet shape change and reorganization of the cytoskeleton involves the Rho family of GTPases whose members include Rac, CDC42 and RhoA. These GTPases are converted from their inactive or GDP-loaded state to the active or GTP-loaded state by a class of enzymes called Guanine-nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs). GEFs are a family of multi-domain proteins that contain a GDP-GTP exchange domain (DH-PH) as well as other protein interacting domains that are regulated by the activation of receptors present on the platelet surface. We used an affinity binding technique followed by mass spectrometry analysis to identify novel Rac binding GEFs from platelet lysates. Recombinant GST-Rac fusion proteins bound to agarose beads were prepared in the GTP, GDP and nucleotide-free states and incubated with human platelet lysates. Platelet lysate proteins associated with the different GST-Rac preparations (GTP-bound, GDP-bound or nucleotide-free) were eluted and run on SDS-PAGE. Gel slices were then cut out, trypsin digested and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Platelet GEFs were identified by the presence of a DH-PH domain. Using this technique we identified three novel Rac-associated platelet GEFs including P-REX1, a G-βγ protein and phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate regulated GEF previously found in neutrophils and neurons (Welch, H.C.E et al., Cell108;809–822, 2002). PREX-1 is a 196kDa peptide composed of 1659 amino that specifically activates Rac in neutrophils. In addition to the DH-PH exchange domain, PREX-1 also contains tandem PDZ and DEP domains as well as significant similarity over its C-terminal half to Inositol Polyphosphate 4-Phosphatase. Western analysis with anti-P-REX1 antibody (gift of H.C. Welch, Barbraham Institute, U.K.) showed that PREX-1 is present in purified whole platelet lysates. We have also shown that platelet PREX-1 specifically associates with GST-Rac by affinity pull-down experiments. Functional studies to characterize the exchange activity of platelet PREX-1 are ongoing. PREX-1 is the only known GEF that is directly regulated by G-βγ protein (Hill, K. et al., J Biol Chem280(6):4166–4173, 2005) and represents a novel pathway for platelet G protein coupled receptor signaling through Rac in human platelets.
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Lerm, M., J. Selzer, A. Hoffmeyer, U. R. Rapp, K. Aktories, and G. Schmidt. "Deamidation of Cdc42 and Rac by Escherichia coliCytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1: Activation of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase in HeLa Cells." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 496–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.2.496-503.1999.

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ABSTRACT Recently, Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) was shown to activate the low-molecular-mass GTPase RhoA by deamidation of Gln63, thereby inhibiting intrinsic and GTPase-activating protein (GAP)-stimulated GTPase activities (G. Schmidt, P. Sehr, M. Wilm, J. Selzer, M. Mann, and K. Aktories, Nature 387:725–729, 1997; G. Flatau, E. Lemichez, M. Gauthier, P. Chardin, S. Paris, C. Fiorentini, and P. Boquet, Nature 387:729–733, 1997). Here we report that in addition to RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac also are targets for CNF1 in vitro and in intact cells. Treatment of HeLa cells with CNF1 induced a transient formation of microspikes and formation of membrane ruffles. CNF1 caused a transient 10- to 50-fold increase in the activity of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Tryptic peptides of Cdc42 obtained from CNF1-treated cells by immunoprecipitation exhibited an increase in mass of 1 Da compared to control peptides, indicating the deamidation of glutamine 61 by the toxin. The same increase in mass was observed with the respective peptides obtained from CNF1-modified recombinant Cdc42 and Rac1. Modification of recombinant Cdc42 and Rac1 by CNF1 inhibited intrinsic and GAP-stimulated GTPase activities and retarded binding of 2′(3′)- O-(N -methylanthraniloyl)GDP. The data suggest that recombinant as well as cellular Cdc42 and Rac are substrates for CNF1.
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Girard, I., J. L. Aalhus, J. A. Basarab, I. L. Larsen, and H. L. Bruce. "Modification of muscle inherent properties through age at slaughter, growth promotants and breed crosses." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 91, no. 4 (December 2011): 635–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2011-058.

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Girard, I., Aalhus, J. L., Basarab, J. A., Larsen, I. L. and Bruce, H. L. 2011. Modification of muscle inherent properties through age at slaughter, growth promotants and breed crosses. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 635–648. A 24 factorial experiment tested the interactions of slaughter age (12–13 or 18–20 mo), growth hormone use, β-adrenergic agonist (β-AA) use and breed cross [Hereford–Aberdeen Angus (HAA) or Charolais–Red Angus (CRA)] on the composition, fibre types, and connective tissue characteristics of m. semitendinosus (ST) and m. gluteus medius (GM) from 112 crossbred steers. Muscle weights increased with slaughter age, implantation and CRA genetics (P<0.05), but were not affected by ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) (P>0.10).Animal age increased fast glycolytic (FG) and decreased fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) fibre percentages by 7.2 and 6.6%, respectively, in the ST and increased slow oxidative (SO) and FOG fibre areas in both muscles (P<0.05). Cross-sectional areas of all fibre types were increased in the ST with implantation. In the GM, implantation increased SO (3.1%) and reduced FOG (3.2%) fibre percentages, while RAC reduced the SO (3.8%) and increased the FG (6.1%) fibre percentages (P<0.05).Only GM total collagen content increased with slaughter age (P<0.05),but collagen solubility decreased with slaughter age for both muscles (P<0.05). CRA genetics increased FG percentage in the GM of yearling-fed steers and increased moisture and protein and reduced fat contents of both muscles (P<0.05). In the muscles studied, IMP, slaughter age and animal genetics induced greater changes in muscle inherent properties than RAC.
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Waschke, J., W. Baumgartner, R. H. Adamson, M. Zeng, K. Aktories, H. Barth, C. Wilde, F. E. Curry, and D. Drenckhahn. "Requirement of Rac activity for maintenance of capillary endothelial barrier properties." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 286, no. 1 (January 2004): H394—H401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00221.2003.

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Our previous experiments indicated that GTPases, other than RhoA, are important for the maintenance of endothelial barrier integrity in both intact microvessels of rats and mice and cultured mouse myocardial endothelial (MyEnd) cell monolayers ( J Physiol 539: 295–308, 2002). In the present study, we inhibited the endothelial GTPase Rac by Clostridium sordellii lethal toxin (LT) and investigated the relation between the degree of inhibition of Rac by glucosylation and increased endothelial barrier permeability. In rat venular microvessels, LT (200 ng/ml) increased hydraulic conductivity from a control value of 2.5 ± 0.6 to 100.8 ± 18.7 × 10–7 cm·s–1·cmH2O–1 after 80 min. In cultured MyEnd cells exposed to LT (200 ng/ml), up to 60% of cellular Rac was glucosylated after 90 min, resulting in depolymerization of F-actin and interruptions of junctional distribution of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and β-catenin as well as the formation of intercellular gaps. To understand the mechanism by which inhibition of Rac caused disassembly of adherens junctions, we used laser tweezers to quantify VE-cadherin-mediated adhesion. LT and cytochalasin D, an actin depolymerizing agent, both reduced adhesion of VE-cadherin-coated microbeads to the endothelial cell surface, whereas the inhibitor of Rho kinase Y-27632 did not. Stabilization of actin filaments by jasplakinolide completely blocked the effect of cytochalasin D but not of LT on bead adhesion. We conclude that Rac regulates endothelial barrier properties in vivo and in vitro by 1) modulation of actin filament polymerization and 2) acting directly on the tether between VE-cadherin and the cytoskeleton.
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Karbstein, Katrin. "Chaperoning ribosome assembly." Journal of Cell Biology 189, no. 1 (April 5, 2010): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201002102.

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Chaperones help proteins fold in all cellular compartments, and many associate directly with ribosomes, capturing nascent chains to assist their folding and prevent aggregation. In this issue, new data from Koplin et al. (2010. J. Cell Biol. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200910074) and Albanèse et al. (2010. J. Cell Biol. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201001054) suggest that in addition to promoting protein folding, the chaperones ribosome-associated complex (RAC), nascent chain–associated complex (NAC), and Jjj1 also help in the assembly of ribosomes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "J-RAC"

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Rombouts, Sacha, and n/a. "Development of a Risk Assessment Checklist for Juvenile Sexual Offenders: a Meta-Analytic Approach." Griffith University. School of Psychology, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070123.151237.

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Over the last decade there has been a substantial research effort directed toward understanding recidivism and risk prediction among adult sex offenders. In contrast, the juvenile sex offender field has received much less empirical attention. Consequently, there are very few risk assessment instruments designed for use with young persons who have committed sexual offences. Available measures do not appear to take into account the higher rates of non-sexual recidivism typical of this population. This thesis aimed to identify risk factors for sexual and non-sexual recidivism among juvenile sex offenders (JSOs) and explore their utility in the context of a risk assessment instrument. In Study One, a meta-analysis was conducted on JSO research to examine risk factors for sexual recidivism. The meta-analysis involved 17 studies and 22 predictor constructs. Seven variables emerged as reliable predictors of sexual recidivism: an index sexual offence involving a stranger victim, a history of physical abuse in the offender's background, the presence of sexual deviance, a non-contact index sexual offence, sexually offending against a greater number of victims, a history of sexual offending, and a history of non-sexual offending. In Study Two, a meta-analysis was performed on JSO research to identify risk factors for non-sexual recidivism. The meta-analysis involved 14 studies and 19 predictor constructs. Six variables emerged as reliable predictors of non-sexual recidivism: a history of non-sexual offending, a history of sexual abuse (negative relationship), the presence of an antisocial orientation, an index sexual offence involving a child victim (negative relationship), a history of physical abuse in the offender's background, and the use of threats/force in the index sexual offence. Taken together, the two meta-analyses were able to identify risk factors specific to sexual recidivism (e.g., sexual deviance) and non-sexual recidivism (e.g., antisocial orientation) as well as risk factors common to both outcomes (e.g., a history of non-sexual offending). These studies therefore made an original and significant contribution to the understanding of recidivism among JSOs. Based upon the meta-analyses, Study Three involved the construction of a risk assessment checklist that could be easily scored from file information. The Juvenile Risk Assessment Checklist (J-RAC) contained 11 items based upon the most consistent operationalisations of the predictors that emerged from the meta-analyses. The J-RAC is unique in the JSO risk assessment field as it contains two scales designed to provide separate estimates of the risk of youth engaging in further sexual and non-sexual recidivism, respectively. The J-RAC was scored based on file information from 82 youth who had been found guilty of sexual offences and referred to a treatment service in Queensland, Australia. The majority of the items possessed good inter-rater reliabilities and the two scales both possessed high inter-rater reliabilities. An existing JSO risk assessment instrument, the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol Version 2 (J-SOAP-II; Prentky & Righthand, 2003), was also administered and the J-RAC possessed significant correlations with the majority of the J-SOAP-II scales. The J-RAC was also found to significantly discriminate between juveniles in detention and juveniles in the community, with those in detention found to be at higher risk on both scales. Thus, the reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the J-RAC was established. Consistent with current adult sex offender recidivism theory, the findings demonstrated the distinct roles of sexual deviance and antisocial orientation in the prediction of sexual and non-sexual recidivism of JSOs, respectively. The current thesis goes some way towards advancing a theory of juvenile sex offender recidivism by drawing upon the variables that emerged as reliable risk factors in the two meta-analyses. While the J-RAC could not yet be considered an actuarial instrument capable of assigning low, medium and high risk levels, the results of the research conducted in this thesis are encouraging. The utility of the J-RAC may be further enhanced through the aid of prospective research that incorporates substantial numbers of juvenile recidivists.
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2

Rombouts, Sacha. "Development of a Risk Assessment Checklist for Juvenile Sexual Offenders: a Meta-Analytic Approach." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365598.

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Over the last decade there has been a substantial research effort directed toward understanding recidivism and risk prediction among adult sex offenders. In contrast, the juvenile sex offender field has received much less empirical attention. Consequently, there are very few risk assessment instruments designed for use with young persons who have committed sexual offences. Available measures do not appear to take into account the higher rates of non-sexual recidivism typical of this population. This thesis aimed to identify risk factors for sexual and non-sexual recidivism among juvenile sex offenders (JSOs) and explore their utility in the context of a risk assessment instrument. In Study One, a meta-analysis was conducted on JSO research to examine risk factors for sexual recidivism. The meta-analysis involved 17 studies and 22 predictor constructs. Seven variables emerged as reliable predictors of sexual recidivism: an index sexual offence involving a stranger victim, a history of physical abuse in the offender's background, the presence of sexual deviance, a non-contact index sexual offence, sexually offending against a greater number of victims, a history of sexual offending, and a history of non-sexual offending. In Study Two, a meta-analysis was performed on JSO research to identify risk factors for non-sexual recidivism. The meta-analysis involved 14 studies and 19 predictor constructs. Six variables emerged as reliable predictors of non-sexual recidivism: a history of non-sexual offending, a history of sexual abuse (negative relationship), the presence of an antisocial orientation, an index sexual offence involving a child victim (negative relationship), a history of physical abuse in the offender's background, and the use of threats/force in the index sexual offence. Taken together, the two meta-analyses were able to identify risk factors specific to sexual recidivism (e.g., sexual deviance) and non-sexual recidivism (e.g., antisocial orientation) as well as risk factors common to both outcomes (e.g., a history of non-sexual offending). These studies therefore made an original and significant contribution to the understanding of recidivism among JSOs. Based upon the meta-analyses, Study Three involved the construction of a risk assessment checklist that could be easily scored from file information. The Juvenile Risk Assessment Checklist (J-RAC) contained 11 items based upon the most consistent operationalisations of the predictors that emerged from the meta-analyses. The J-RAC is unique in the JSO risk assessment field as it contains two scales designed to provide separate estimates of the risk of youth engaging in further sexual and non-sexual recidivism, respectively. The J-RAC was scored based on file information from 82 youth who had been found guilty of sexual offences and referred to a treatment service in Queensland, Australia. The majority of the items possessed good inter-rater reliabilities and the two scales both possessed high inter-rater reliabilities. An existing JSO risk assessment instrument, the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol Version 2 (J-SOAP-II; Prentky & Righthand, 2003), was also administered and the J-RAC possessed significant correlations with the majority of the J-SOAP-II scales. The J-RAC was also found to significantly discriminate between juveniles in detention and juveniles in the community, with those in detention found to be at higher risk on both scales. Thus, the reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the J-RAC was established. Consistent with current adult sex offender recidivism theory, the findings demonstrated the distinct roles of sexual deviance and antisocial orientation in the prediction of sexual and non-sexual recidivism of JSOs, respectively. The current thesis goes some way towards advancing a theory of juvenile sex offender recidivism by drawing upon the variables that emerged as reliable risk factors in the two meta-analyses. While the J-RAC could not yet be considered an actuarial instrument capable of assigning low, medium and high risk levels, the results of the research conducted in this thesis are encouraging. The utility of the J-RAC may be further enhanced through the aid of prospective research that incorporates substantial numbers of juvenile recidivists.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Psychology
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3

Janari, Barbara. "From race to grace : the other J M Coetzee." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8020.

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One of the notable features of JM Coetzee's work is the portrayal in his novels, particularly in his 1999 Booker Prize-winning novel, Disgrace, of worlds that often seem bleak and bereft of redemption. In this dissertation I will argue that there is a resonance in Coetzee's writing that goes beyond the political and historical and that adds another dimension to his work. The focus of my dissertation will be an attempt to account for this other 'dimension' within the broader socio-political-historical nexus that informs much of his work. I will argue that this other dimension represents an ongoing conccrn with the questions of redemption and salvation, particularly as they are manifested in his latcr works, Disgrace and Elizabeth Costello. These concerns, however, are not just a consequence of Coetzee's evolving thought. As I will show, they are present in his earlier texts as well. To this end, I will consider the ways in which the themes of redemption and salvation, in the specifically religious and Christian sense of these words, also resonate in In the Heart of the Country (1977) and Life and Times of Michael K (1983).
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Yi, Chenju [Verfasser], and H. J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlüsener. "Sweet Taste Receptors in Normal and Pathological Rat Brain / Chenju Yi ; Betreuer: H. J. Schlüsener." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1161464638/34.

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Sjöstrand, Johan. "Extension of a 5G Ran Simulator by Modeling User Equipment." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-161341.

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With the upcoming release of the fifth generation of cellular networks, 5G, it is expected to be a lot more connected devices. As a consequence, the importance of the capacity of the networks is increased, especially the radio access network (RAN), which will be changed a lot from previous generations. The best method to ensure a RAN has enough capacity for its targeted area is a simulation, and therefore, there is a demand for such a simulator. The development of a simulator for RAN started last year in another thesis with the possibility to model nodes, links, and set loads. In this thesis, the functionality is extended with the addition of mobility and user equipment (UE) to create load to more accurately simulate the network traffic. Roads are added as an entity to allow mobility, and cells are modeled to determine coverage. Most requested functionality was implemented, with the main difficulties being integrating the new code into the existing code base. The simulator was then evaluated, both the validity of the model and the performance. To improve the simulator for its purpose, even more, functionalities such as geography elements like buildings or mountains blocking the signal should be considered. Another improvement would be to make links and cells less reliable. The simulator is modeling the perfect day scenario at the moment which does not always reflect upon reality.
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6

Kalogeropoulou, Konstantina. "Harry Potter and Draco Malfoy : An analysis of race, prejudice, and class in the Harry Potter novels." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78426.

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This essay explores how in the Harry Potter series, J. K. Rowling's magical heroes function asparadigms whose roles reflect on issues of race, prejudice and racism. Those issues include goodand evil, socialism and aristocracy, purity and impurity, freedom and indebtedness. This essayfocuses on showing how those themes are reflected and confronted in the dipole between HarryPotter and Draco Malfoy. Additionally, the Critical Race Theory, a theory that examines howculture uses and assorts power and race in society, is implemented to show how race andprejudice are reflected in the magical world. By further analyzing Harry and Draco's upbringingand social milieus in relation to the theme of good vs. evil, the development of these characters ispresented in response to their contrasting surroundings. The paper concludes that thesecharacters evolve in the final novels and make conscious choices to achieve the common causeof defying evil, despite their opposing backgrounds.
Denna uppsats utforskar hur J. K. Rowlings magiska hjältar, i Harry Potter-serien, fungerar somen paradigm vars roller reflekterar frågor kring ras, fördomar och rasism. Dessa frågor inkluderargott och ont, socialism och aristokrati, renhet och orenhet, frihet och skuldsättning. Dennauppsats fokuserar på att visa hur dessa teman reflekteras och konfronteras i dipolen mellan HarryPotter och Draco Malfoy. Dessutom implementeras Critical Race Theory, en teori somundersöker hur kultur använder och sorterar makt och ras i samhället, för att visa hur ras ochfördomar återspeglas i den magiska världen. Genom att ytterligare analysera Harry och Dracosuppväxt och sociala miljöer i förhållande till temat ’gott mot ont’, presenteras dessa karaktärersutveckling som ett resultat av kontrasterande omgivning. Uppsatsen drar slutsatsen att dessakaraktärer utvecklas i de sista romanerna och gör medvetna val för att uppnå det gemensammamålet till att bekämpa det onda, trots deras motsatta bakgrunder.
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Reiter, Johanna [Verfasser], Stefan J. von [Akademischer Betreuer] Delius, and Roland R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Rad. "Kapnographie zur Überwachung einer Midazolam- und Propofolsedierung während ERCP : Eine randomisierte, kontrollierte, trizentrische Studie (EndoBreath Study) / Johanna Reiter. Gutachter: Stefan J. von Delius ; Roland R. Rad. Betreuer: Stefan J. von Delius." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1064383343/34.

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Napieczyńska, Hanna [Verfasser], and Bernd J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pichler. "Imaging Neuronal Pathways of the Rat Basal Ganglia System with 52Mn PET and MEMRI / Hanna Napieczyńska ; Betreuer: Bernd J. Pichler." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1186701013/34.

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Behrami, Drilon. "Maskulinitet, ras och identitet i J. Coles studioalbum 4 Your Eyez Only : Nutidshistoria, kollektivt minne och intersektionalitet i samtida hiphopmusik." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97930.

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This study examines intersectionality and identity in rapper Jermaine Lamarr Cole’s studio album 4 Your Eyez Only. Through discourse analysis, the essay studies the representation of aspects of identity in the album, with a focus on gender, race, class and sexuality. The study also examines prosthetic memory in the album, with the intention of finding correlating narratives that create a general concensus of how society is viewed from marginalised groups in the US. The findings conclude that gender, race and class are expressed as the main buildingblocks for a characters identity in the album. It is telling that sexuality remains untouched in this regard. The reader is exclusively exposed to the normative heterosexual perspective, completely ignoring any notion of varied sexual orientations. Furthermore the findings conclude that J. Cole showcases a generally negative view on the govornment, as it is percieved as one of many instances keeping marginalised groups at the bottom of a societal foodchain
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Osman, Hanan. "Géranylgeranylation et farnésylation des protéines Ras dans les cellules corticosurrénales transformées par l'oncogène Ras#e#j ; l'effet antiprolifératif de la déhydroépiandrostérone (DHEA) est-il lié à l'inhibition de l'isoprénylation ?" Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS028.

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Ce travail a concerné l'étude des modifications post-traductionnelles des protéines Ras, et des effets de la déhydroépiandroséerone (DHEA) sur l'isoprénylation des protéines Ras. Le travail a été réalisé sur les cellules RTAC (RAS transformed adrenocortical) issues de la corticosurrénale de rat nouveau-né et transformées par l'oncogène HA-RAS#E#J. La protéine Ras doit impérativement se loger a la face interne de la membrane plasmique pour remplir sa fonction biologique. Cette translocation n'est possible qu'après isoprénylation du résidu cystéinyle situé près de l'extrémité carboxyle terminale de la protéine. Jusqu'à présent, il avait été admis que toutes les protéines Ras étaient farnesylées. Apres avoir démontré que les cellules RTAC surproduisent les protéines KI-RAS, nous avons montré que dans ces mêmes cellules les protéines KI-RAS sont géranylgéranylées en plus d'être farnésylees (Osman et coll. , biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , 231, 789-792, 1997). Ce résultat original est d'une importance fondamentale pour le développement de nouveaux inhibiteurs dirigés contre la géranylgéranyl transférase I qui pourraient être des anticancéreux potentiels et constitueraient une nouvelle voie thérapeutique pour le traitement des tumeurs dépendantes de l'oncogene KI-RAS. Dans la seconde partie de ce travail, nous avons montré que la DHEA, un stéroïde corticosurrénalien décrit pour avoir une action préventive contre la carcinogenèse chez le rat et la souris mais aussi chez l'homme, inhibe de manière réversible et dépendante de la dose la prolifération des cellules RTAC avec une CI#5#0 DE 50 M. Nous avons démontré que la DHEA n'induit pas l'apoptose dans les cellules RTAC, mais inhibe l'isoprénylation des protéines cellulaires et en particulier des protéines RAS. Le site d'inhibition se situe en aval de l'HMG-COA réductase, et vraisemblablement au niveau de la géranylgéranyl transférase I. Les résultats de ce travail ont été soumis à Journal of Biological Chemistry.
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Books on the topic "J-RAC"

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Richard J. Daley: Politics, race, and the governing of Chicago. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1995.

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J. Paul Getty Museum. Man Ray: Photographs from the J. Paul Getty Museum. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum, 1998.

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J, Raj Selva, and Harman William P. 1946-, eds. Dealing with deities: The ritual vow in South Asia ; edited by Selva J. Raj, William P. Harman. Albany: State Univesity of New York Press, 2006.

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Guglielmotti, Paola, and Isabella Lazzarini, eds. «Fiere vicende dell’età di mezzo». Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-423-6.

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With the present Festschrift written in times of pandemic, the authors wish to honour and thank Gian Maria Varanini, paying tribute to him on the occasion of his retirement from the University. Varanini is a great scholar, sustained by an inexhaustible passion for history in all its dimensions, from the most minute to the most universal, and by a sensitive and critical attention to the interpretation of historical phenomena that has been provided by successive generations of scholars. A generous cultural organiser and an excellent publisher and editor, as an academic and professor he has always been committed to the safeguard of historical disciplines. Papers of E. Artifoni, S. Carocci, G. Castelnuovo, P. Corrao, M.N. Covini, M. Della Misericordia, F. Del Tredici, M. Gentile, P. Grillo, P. Guglielmotti, I. Lazzarini, J.-C. Maire Vigueur, E.I. Mineo, G. Petralia, L. Provero, R. Rao, F. Senatore, L. Tanzini, M. Zabbia.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Urban and Minority-Owned Business Development. City of Richmond v. J.A. Croson, impact and response: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Urban and Minority-Owned Business Development of the Committee on Small Business, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, second session on the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in City of Richmond v. J.A. Croson Company ... August 1, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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E, Hall Lena, ed. A comprehensive survey of social behaviors in the O.J. Simpson case, from A to Z. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1999.

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J, Fontenot Chester, Morgan Mary Alice, and Du Bois, W. E. B. 1868-1963., eds. W.E.B. Du Bois and race: Essays celebrating the centennial publication of The souls of Black folk / edited by Chester J. Fontenot, Jr. and Mary Alice Morgan, with Sarah Gardner. Macon, Ga: Mercer University Press, 2001.

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O.J. Simpson facts and fictions: News rituals in the construction of reality. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

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Kossew, Sue. Pen and power: A post-colonial reading of J.M. Coetzee and André Brink. Amsterdam: Atlanta, 1996.

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Hook, Lewis Van. Lewis Van Hook: Recollections of a singing shipbuilder. Berkeley, Calif: Regional Oral History Office, Bancroft Library, University of California, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "J-RAC"

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Albayrak, Ismail, and Robert M. Boes. "Fish Guidance Structure with Wide Bar Spacing: Mechanical Behavioural Barrier." In Novel Developments for Sustainable Hydropower, 99–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99138-8_8.

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AbstractThis chapter deals with the fish guidance structures (FGS) with wide bar spacing and focuses on Curved-Bar Rack-Bypass Systems (CBR-BS) (Beck 2020) for fish protection and fish guidance at water intakes. In: Boes RM (ed) VAW-Mitteilung, vol 257. VAW, ETH Zurich, Switzerland. https://vaw.ethz.ch/en/the-institute/publications/vaw-communications/2010-2019.html, Beck et al., J Hydraul Res 58:807–818, 2020a; Beck et al., J Hydraul Res 58:819–830, 2020b; Beck et al., Water 12:3244, 2020c). FGS with wider bar spacing are classified as mechanical behavioural barriers and designed for use mainly at run-of-river hydropower plants (HPPs) and water intakes with large design discharges. In the following, different types of the FGS with wide bar spacing are introduced and, fish guidance performance and design recommendations of CBR-BS are presented.
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Borgstrom, Michael. "Frank J. Webb and the Fate of the Sentimental Race Man." In Minority Reports, 37–53. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230109711_3.

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da Silveira Coêlho, Marília Lira, Tanja S. H. Wingenbach, and Paulo Sérgio Boggio. "Social and Affective Neuroscience of Embodiment." In Social and Affective Neuroscience of Everyday Human Interaction, 37–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08651-9_3.

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AbstractEmbodiment has been discussed in the context of social, affective, and cognitive psychology, and also in the investigations of neuroscience in order to understand the relationship between biological mechanisms, body and cognitive, and social and affective processes. New theoretical models have been presented by researchers considering not only the sensory–motor interaction and the environment but also biological mechanisms regulating homeostasis and neural processes (Tsakiris M, Q J Exp Psychol 70(4):597–609, 2017). Historically, the body and the mind were comprehended as separate entities. The body was considered to function as a machine, responsible for providing sensory information to the mind and executing its commands. The mind, however, would process information in an isolated way, similar to a computer (Pecher D, Zwaan RA, Grounding cognition: the role of perception and action in memory, language, and thinking. Cambridge University Press, 2005). This mind and body perspective (Marmeleira J, Duarte Santos G, Percept Motor Skills 126, 2019; Marshall PJ, Child Dev Perspect 10(4):245–250, 2016), for many years, was the basis for studies in social and cognitive areas, in neuroscience, and clinical psychology.
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Swanson, Patrick C., Sushil Kumar, and Prafulla Raval. "Early Steps of V(D)J Rearrangement: Insights from Biochemical Studies of RAG-RSS Complexes." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1–15. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0296-2_1.

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de Lange, Attie. "‘Reading’ and ‘Constructing’ Space, Gender and Race: Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim and J. M. Coetzee’s Foe." In Literary Landscapes, 109–24. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230227712_7.

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Liu, Yun, Li Zhang, and Stephen Desiderio. "Temporal and Spatial Regulation of V(D)J Recombination: Interactions of Extrinsic Factors with the RAG Complex." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 157–65. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0296-2_13.

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Gross, Jonathan. "“I have a penchant for black”: Race and Orphic Dismemberment in Byron’s The Deformed Transformed and J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace." In Byron and the Politics of Freedom and Terror, 167–81. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230306608_11.

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"Patricia J. Williams RACE AND RIGHTS." In Theories of Race and Racism, 445–54. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203005972-42.

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"Results throwing light on the Background to the Teaching." In Teaching About Race Relations (RLE Edu J), 76–82. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203147290-10.

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"The General effects of Teaching on Inter-Racial Attitudes." In Teaching About Race Relations (RLE Edu J), 83–102. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203147290-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "J-RAC"

1

Lee, Cheng-Sheng, Jiazhi Hu, and Frederick W. Alt. "Abstract B171: Elucidating the mechanism of RAG tracking and its impacts on V(D)J recombination." In Abstracts: Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 30 - October 3, 2018; New York, NY. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.cricimteatiaacr18-b171.

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Eder, D. C., P. Amendt, L. B. DaSilva, T. D. Donnelly, R. W. Falcone, R. A. London, S. J. Moon, G. L. Strobel, M. D. Rosen, and S. C. Wilks. "X-Ray Lasers Pumped by Ultrashort Pulse Optical Lasers." In High Resolution Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hrfts.1994.wb1.

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X-ray lasers have been available for almost ten years with the majority still being pumped by high energy (≈ 1 kJ) modest duration (≈ 500 psec) optical lasers. The recent availability of ultrashort pulse (≈ 100 fsec) optical lasers with modest energies (≈ 1 J), has renewed the interest in x-ray laser schemes that could be pumped by these relatively inexpensive, compact lasers. In one x-ray laser scheme, the ultrashort pulse, high intensity laser ionizes the target gas via the electric field of the laser with subsequent recombination and lasing between the first excited state and the ground state. In contrast with collisional ionization, this ionization mechanism may result in nearly complete emptying of a given ionization stage and has the potential of leaving relatively cold free electrons. There is potential for lasing down to wavelengths of order 100Å, e.g. Li-like Ne at 98Å, using lasers with energies of order 1 J.1 Lasing at significantly shorter wavelengths, e.g. Li-like Al at 52Å or H-like B at 48Å, appears to be very difficult because of excessive heating associated with Raman instabilities.2 There have been recent experimental results showing possible evidence of lasing in H-like Li at 135Å.3,4 We discuss theoretical efforts on this approach to lasing and modeling efforts to understand the recent data. A second approach to x-ray lasing using ultrashort pulse lasers is based on innershell photoionization which has the potential of reaching short wavelengths, e.g., 15Å in Ne. The indirect ionization process of this scheme, where incoherent x rays emitted from a nearby plasma ionize the innershell electron, results in higher energy requirements. For example, lasing in Ne is calculated to require a pump laser with approximately 10 J in a 100 fsec pulse. The energy requirements are significantly reduced by considering longer wavelengths, e.g., 45Å in C, but a rapid rise time (≈ 50 fsec) for the x rays is still required to minimize collisional ionization. For both approaches the use of modest energy ultrashort pulse lasers allow for much higher repetition rates than available with conventional x-ray lasers pumped by high energy laser drivers. We discuss new applications appropriate for such high-repetition-rate x-ray lasers.
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Arikan, M. A. Sahir. "Performance Rating and Optimization of Spur Gear Drives With Small Number of Teeth." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/ptg-14361.

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Abstract Performance rating of spur gear drives with small number of teeth is made and variations of contact ratio, circular tooth thicknesses at pinion and gear tooth tips, lengths of the pinion addendum and dedendum portions of the line of action, AGMA geometry factor J for the pinion and the gear and their ratio, and AGMA geometry factor I with addendum modification coefficient are determined. Thus, it is made possible to design gear drives with properties such as, maximum possible contact ratio, maximum length of the pinion addendum portion of the line of action, maximum length of the pinion dedendum portion of the line of action, equal AGMA geometry factors J for the pinion and the gear (i.e. equal pinion and gear tooth root stresses), and maximum AGMA geometry factor I (i.e. minimum tooth contact stress). Rack cutter tip fillet radius and rack cutter geometry are considered in the analysis, which are the basic factors that determine the gear tooth fillet profile.
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Delizisis, Panagiotis, Charilaos Kokkinos, Dimitrios Chatzipetros, Dionisis Pettas, Andreas I. Chrysochos, and Konstantinos Loukas. "Numerical Evaluation of the Thermal Performance of Modern Offshore Wind Farm Cables Installed in J-Tubes." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-80962.

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Abstract The submarine cables used to interconnect Offshore Wind-Farms (OWFs) with the mainland typically pass through large, metallic risers having a J-shape when approaching the Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs). These so-called “J-Tubes” consist of three main parts: water, air and platform sections. The air-section is typically sealed at both ends for practical reasons: its bottom is bounded by the water surface, while the top end by means of the armor hang-off cap. Hence, the cable may experience adverse thermal conditions within this enclosed section and the latter is likely to be the thermal bottleneck of the entire subsea route. Unfortunately, no Standardized method currently exists to calculate the current rating of cables installed in J-Tubes. This paper evaluates the applicability of the semi-empirical formulae existing in literature given the modern export cable and J-Tube designs presently used, which in many cases can give Ra numbers substantially higher than 2.3 · 106. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) coupled with heat transfer analysis is employed for this purpose, while simpler heat transfer models applying the existing analytical methods are also used for comparison purposes. Furthermore, the cable is represented in a more realistic way and the convective heat transfer in the filler interior is also considered. As demonstrated in the paper, the use of analytical methods gives relatively good results for lower Ra numbers compared to the more realistic numerical models developed. However, the analytical methods may lead to very optimistic conductor temperature values when Ra becomes higher than 2.3 · 106, thus making their use rather questionable for larger J-tubes.
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Nayak, Saurav K., Sanjay K. Mishra, Christ P. Paul, Arackal N. Jinoop, Sunil Yadav, and Kushvinder S. Bindra. "Effect of Laser Energy Density on Bulk Properties of SS 316L Structures Built by Laser Additive Manufacturing Using Powder Bed Fusion." In ASME 2019 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2019-2452.

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Abstract Laser Additive Manufacturing using Powder Bed Fusion (LAM-PBF) is one of the revolutionary technologies playing a key role in fourth industrial revolution for redefining manufacturing from mass production to mass customization. To upkeep the pace, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT) has indigenously developed an LAM-PBF system and it is being used for process and component development for various engineering applications. This paper reports a parametric investigation to evaluate the influence of process parameters on the sample properties and to develop the process window for fabricating complex shaped engineering components. In the present work, an experimental investigation is carried out to investigate the effect of Laser Energy density (LED) on the porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties of SS 316L bulk structures fabricated by LAM-PBF system. LED is a combined parameter simultaneously considering the effect of Laser Power (P), Scan Speed (v), hatch spacing (h) and layer thickness (t). The effect of three LED values such as 83.33 J/mm3, 253.97 J/mm3 and 476.19 J/mm3 is investigated in the present work by building cuboidal samples at a layer thickness of 75 microns. Porosity is estimated using area fraction method in optical microscopy and it is found that the minimum porosity of 0.14 % and pore area of 1.28 mm2 are observed at 253.97 J/mm3. Maximum porosity of 18.85 % is observed at 83 J/mm3 due to incomplete fusion defects. However, porosity observed at 475 J/mm3 is 6.56 % with average pore size of 17.8 mm2. Microstructural studies show primarily columnar growth in all the samples with fine dendrites. The dendrite size is observed to be 3.2 μm, 2.4 μm and 1.46 μm at 83.33 J/mm3, 253.97 J/mm3 and 476.19 J/mm3 respectively. Micro-hardness and single cycle automatic ball indentation studies are found to be in agreement with dendritic size, with lower hardness at larger dendrite size. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) studies indicate similar peaks at all the conditions, with slight peak shift observed with increase in LED primarily due to higher amount of residual stress. Thus, it can be inferred that LED of 253.97 J/mm3 is suitable for fabricating engineering components due to combination of lower porosity and fine dendritic structure.
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Nahra, Ziad, Erling Næss, and Martin Lo̸vland. "Pool Boiling Heat Transfer of Dowtherm-A and Dowtherm-J on Smooth and Roughened Vertical Heater Surfaces." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-23072.

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Heat transfer coefficients in nucleate pool boiling of the organic heat transfer fluids Dowtherm A and Dowtherm J were obtained experimentally using a vertical electrically heated cylindrical carbon steel surface. The experiments were carried out at system pressures between 0.2–4.9 bar and heat fluxes in the range 20 to 230 kW/m2 and using different surface roughnesses. The heater surface was polished with emery paper 1200 to an average surface roughness (Ra) of 0.02 and 0.13 μm for Dowtherm A and J respectively, and roughened to an average surface roughness (Ra) of 2.42 μm by emery paper 40, and by sandblasting to an average (Ra) of 1.3 and 3.6 μm. The experimental results on the roughened surfaces showed that the heat transfer coefficient increased with increasing pressure, increasing surface roughness and increasing heat flux. A new correlation for predicting the pool boiling heat transfer coefficient for Dowtherm A and Dowtherm J is proposed. The correlation is an adapted Gorenflo [1], [2] correlation, and is valid for pressures between 0.2 and 5 bar, heat fluxes up to 230 kW/m2 and surface roughnesses between 0.02 and 3.6 μm. The accuracy of the correlation is within ±15% compared to experimental data.
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Ba, Zhaoqing, Suvi Jain, Jiazhi Hu, and Frederick Alt. "Abstract B099: Elucidating the mechanisms that underpin RAG chromatin scanning in V(D)J recombination at antigen receptor gene loci." In Abstracts: Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 30 - October 3, 2018; New York, NY. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.cricimteatiaacr18-b099.

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Ma, J., M. P. Jahan, Shuting Lei, and Mark Gueli. "Experimental Investigation of Nanosecond Laser Modification of Bulk Metallic Glass." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-86075.

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Abstract Bulk metallic glass (BMG), a comparatively new engineering material, is gaining popularity for its amorphous structure, improved mechanical properties, (i.e., high elasticity, hardness, and fracture toughness), and corrosion resistance. Some of the recent and prospective areas of applications of BMGs include biomedical implants, nuclear reactor, and space and electronic applications. As a result, machinability and surface treatment of BMGs have become an important area of research. In this study, a nanosecond laser with 1064 nm wavelength is used to modify the surface of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass Vitreloy 1b. (Zr67Cul0.6Ni9.8Ti8.8Be3.8). The effects of laser pulse energy level and the lens-to-sample distance on the crater and slot forming are assessed. Single shot mode of the laser system is used to generate craters, and totally six laser pulse energy levels are used. In addition, three lens-to-sample distance values are selected. These six energy levels are 0.053 J, 0.122 J, 0.296 J, 0.415 J, 0.526 J, and 0.662 J. The three different lens-to-sample distance values are 150 mm, 170 mm, and 190 mm. The focal length of the lens is 150 mm. Continuous shot mode of the laser system is used to machine slots on the BMG. For slot forming, two energy levels (0.296 J and 0.662 J) and two distance values between the lens and the workpiece (150 mm and 190 mm) along with two different overlapping ratios (0.75 and 0.95) are used. An interesting observation on the modified surface of BMG is the ripple formation at the edge of the craters, while the center of the crater has comparatively a smoother surface. The modified surface using focal length (150 mm) generated craters with higher number of wrinkles or ripples at the edge compared to the other distances between the lens and the workpiece. The characteristic of formation of ripples remains the same for slot forming also, although the intensity of ripple formation or number of ripples is decreased. Finally, a 3D surface profilometer is used to study the variation of crater depth with laser parameters. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses are used to investigate surface topography, ripple formation, surface modification, and laser-induced elemental composition on the BMG surfaces.
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Medeiros, Lívia S., Fabiano S. Oliveira, and Jayme L. Szwarcfiter. "Relação entre classes de grafos com contagem de intervalo k." In Encontro de Teoria da Computação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/etc.2022.222484.

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A subclasse LEN(a1,a2,...,ak) dos grafos de intervalo consiste daqueles que admitem um modelo de intervalo tendo precisamente os tamanhos de intervalo a1,a2,...,ak. Para todo 0 < a1 < a2 <...< ak e 0 < b1 < b2 <...< bk, provamos que LEN(a1,a2,...,ak) ⊆ LEN(b1,b2,...,bk) se e somente se existe uma constante r tal que bj = raj para todo 1 ≤ j ≤ k.
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Autric, Michel, Laurence Yaghdjian, Gilbert Vacquier, and Gines Nicolas. "KrF Excimer Laser Induced Modifications of Aluminum Nitride Ceramic Materials." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cmb2.

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Physical and chemical transformations induced upon sintered aluminum nitride (AIN) ceramic materials under KrF excimer laser irradiation have been studied in order to improve its properties and make this advanced material interesting for microelectronic applications or high power electrical systems. Due to its high thermal conductivity (180 W.m-1.K-1 at 20 °C), its high electrical resistivity (1014 Ω.cm at 25 °C), a low thermal expansion coefficient (5.10-6 K), a high temperature resistance (sublimation temperature 2500 °C), a very high hardness (1100 Kgf.mm-2) and a relative chemical inertia, AIN is a very attractive material for industrial uses[1]. Experiments were performed using a LPX 220i KrF-248 nm- excimer laser able to deliver 0.4 J in 20 ns (FWHM) at 1-200 Hz repetition rate. Experimental conditions were chosen as following: incident fluence between 0.5 and 5 J/cm2, up to 100 shots in atmospheric pressure ambient air. The material investigated was a commercial sintered ceramic crystallized in the wurtzite structure. After irradiation, depending on the fluence level, interaction processes induce color and topography changes in the impacted areas: - a reversible one, from the initial color (white/grey) to brown-yellow at low fluence (F< 0.5 J/cm2); - a irreversible one, from white to silver-grey at higher fluence (> 1J/cm2) with roughness and porosity modifications. This last process suggests a melting and vaporization of the surface and a one-step metallization process confirmed by different surface analysis techniques [2]. A molten layer is produced in the bulk material (200 nm) and the initial roughness (0.35 μm Ra) is decreased. Auger Electron Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy gave results on composition and chemical bondings onto the extreme surface and in the molten layer. Low incidence angle X-ray diffraction method characterized elements and structure. These analysis revealed the obtaining of a electrical conductive path onto the substrate constituted in an Aluminum-rich layer. AES showed alumina with oxygen, carbon and nitrogen on foe top characteristic of a contamination layer before irradiation; after treatment, Al2O3 appears on foe top, Al in the melted depth (after sputtering). The formation of this aluminum layer is confirmed by XPS analysis where Al peak is shifted from 78.5 to 79.7 eV. On the Ruman spectra, foe three Al-N bonds desappeared after irradiations evidencing the metallic aspect of the surface. X-Y electrical resistance measurements were performed in order to confirm this metallization process using a classical four-probes measurement head The resistance (infinite on the initial material) drops to some Ω on the irradiated area (2 J/cm2; 20-50 shots) with a very sharp transition zone (a few microns). These experiments shown it is possible to obtain a conductive path by a chemical modification of the insolating ceramic surface with a very flexible way using an excimer laser, mask projection or micromarking by a scanning system. Measurements of the electrical resistivity evolution of the aluminum-rich conductive path with time under industrial conditions (ambient air, humidity, temperature) are in progress in the laboratory.
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Reports on the topic "J-RAC"

1

Nelson, Nathan, and Charles F. Yocum. Structure, Function and Utilization of Plant Photosynthetic Reaction Centers. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7699846.bard.

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Light capturing and energy conversion by PSI is one of the most fundamental processes in nature. In the heart of these adaptations stand PSI, PSII and their light harvesting antenna complexes. The main goal of this grant proposal was to obtain by X-ray crystallography information on the structure of plant photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) supercomplexes. We achieved several milestones along this line but as yet, like several strong laboratories around the world, we have no crystal structure of plant PSII. We have redesigned the purification and crystallization procedures and recently solved the crystal structure of the PSI supercomplex at 3.3 Å resolution. Even though this advance in resolution appears to be relatively small, we obtained a significantly improved model of the supercomplex. The work was published in J. Biol. Chem. (Amunts et al., 2010). The improved electron density map yielded identification and tracing of the PsaK subunit. The location of an additional 10 ß-carotenes, as well as 5 chlorophylls and several loop regions that were previously uninterruptable have been modeled. This represents the most complete plant PSI structure obtained thus far, revealing the locations of and interactions among 17 protein subunits and 193 non-covalently bound photochemical cofactors. We have continued extensive experimental efforts to improve the structure of plant PSI and to obtain PSII preparation amenable to crystallization. Most of our efforts were devoted to obtain well-defined subcomplexes of plant PSII preparations that are amenable to crystallization. We studied the apparent paradox of the high sensitivity of oxygen evolution of isolated thylakoids while BBY particles exhibit remarkable resilience to the same treatment. The integrity of the photosystem II (PSII) extrinsic protein complement as well as calcium effects arise from the Ca2+ atom associated with the site of photosynthetic water oxidation were investigated. This work provides deeper insights into the interaction of PsbO with PSII. Sight-directed mutagenesis indicated the location of critical sites involved in the stability of the water oxidation reaction. When combined with previous results, the data lead to a more detailed model for PsbO binding in eukaryotic PSII.
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2

Airborne gamma ray spectrometric maps, Prosperous Lake - Hidden Lake area, Northwest Territories [85i/12, J/9 [E1/2], parts of 85i/11, 5, 6, 13, 14, J/8]. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130681.

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