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Academic literature on the topic 'ITO Films'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "ITO Films"

1

Zhidik, Yu S., P. E. Troyan, V. V. Kozik, S. A. Kozyukhin, A. V. Zabolotskay, and S. A. Kuznetsova. "Electrophysical studies of ITO films." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 7 (2020): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/63/7/31.

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Gareso, Paulus Lobo, Heryanto Heryanto, Eko Juarlin, and Paulina Taba. "Effect of Annealing on the Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO/ITO and AZO/ITO Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Spin Coating." Trends in Sciences 20, no. 3 (December 27, 2022): 6521. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.6521.

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This paper aims to investigate the effect of annealing on the structural and optical properties of ZnO/ITO and AZO/ITO thin films. In the preparation of ZnO and AZO films, zinc acetate dehydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O), ethanol, diethanolamine (DEA), and AlCl3 were used as a starting material, solvent, stabilizer, and dopant sources, respectively. Both ZnO and AZO films were fabricated on ITO (indium tin oxide) substrates using the spin coating technique at room temperature with a rotating speed of 3,000 rpm in 30 s. The films were heated at various temperatures in the temperature range of 400 - 600 °C for 60 min. The crystallite size of the film is calculated using Debye-Scherrer and Williamson-Hall Methods. Based on the UDM results, the crystallite size of ZnO/ITO and AZO/ITO films increases after annealing in comparison with the films before annealing. From the optical UV-Vis measurements, there was an increase in the transmittance value of the samples after annealing. The transmittance value of ZnO/ITO and AZO/ITO films increases from 40 % before annealing to approximately 80 and 90 %, respectively after annealing. The increase in the transmittance valued in both ZnO/ITO and AZO/ITO after annealing is mainly due to an improvement in the crystalline phase of these films. The band gap energy of ZnO and AZO films is reduced with increasing annealing temperatures, from 3.26 eV before annealing to 3.19 eV for ZnO and 3.23 eV for AZO films after annealing at 600 °C. HIGHLIGHTS The sol-gel spin coating method was used to study the effect of annealing on the structural and optical properties of ZnO/ITO and AZO/ITO films The transmittance valued in both ZnO/ITO and AZO/ITO after annealing increase as a result of an improvement in the crystalline phase of these films Reducing the amorphous phase and the increase of the crystallite size of the films are the main reason for narrowing the band gap energy of the ZnO/ITO and AZO/ITO films
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Lei, Pei, Xiaoting Chen, Yue Yan, Xuan Zhang, Changshan Hao, Jingjing Peng, Jianchao Ji, and Yanli Zhong. "Sputtered ITO/Ag/ITO Films: Growth Windows and Ag/ITO Interfacial Properties." Journal of Electronic Materials 51, no. 5 (March 8, 2022): 2645–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-022-09519-5.

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Caricato, A. P., M. Cesaria, A. Luches, M. Martino, G. Maruccio, D. Valerini, M. Catalano, et al. "Electrical and optical properties of ITO and ITO/Cr-doped ITO films." Applied Physics A 101, no. 4 (August 31, 2010): 753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5988-2.

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Isiyaku, Aliyu Kabiru, Ahmad Hadi Ali, and Nafarizal Nayan. "Structural optical and electrical properties of a transparent conductive ITO/Al–Ag/ITO multilayer contact." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (April 27, 2020): 695–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.57.

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Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a widely used material for transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films due to its good optical and electrical properties. Improving the optoelectronic properties of ITO films with reduced thickness is crucial and quite challenging. ITO-based multilayer films with an aluminium–silver (Al–Ag) interlayer (ITO/Al–Ag/ITO) and a pure ITO layer (as reference) were prepared by RF and DC sputtering. The microstructural, optical and electrical properties of the ITO/Al–Ag/ITO (IAAI) films were investigated before and after annealing at 400 °C. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the insertion of the Al–Ag intermediate bilayer led to the crystallization of an Ag interlayer even at the as-deposited stage. Peaks attributed to ITO(222), Ag(111) and Al(200) were observed after annealing, indicating an enhancement in crystallinity of the multilayer films. The annealed IAAI film exhibited a remarkable improvement in optical transmittance (86.1%) with a very low sheet resistance of 2.93 Ω/sq. The carrier concentration increased more than twice when the Al–Ag layer was inserted between the ITO layers. The figure of merit of the IAAI multilayer contact has been found to be high at 76.4 × 10−3 Ω−1 compared to a pure ITO contact (69.4 × 10−3 Ω−1). These highly conductive and transparent ITO films with Al–Ag interlayer can be a promising contact for low-resistance optoelectronics devices.
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Aiempanakit, K., Supattanapong Dumrongrattana, and P. Rakkwamsuk. "Influence of Structural and Electrical Properties of ITO Films on Electrochromic Properties of WO3 Films." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.921.

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Indium tin oxide (ITO) films had been deposited on glass substrate without substrate heating and then tungsten oxide (WO3) films were deposited on ITO films by DC magnetron sputtering. In this work, we present the annealing ambient effect of ITO substrate on electrochromic properties of WO3 films. The ITO films were annealing in air and in vacuum at 350°C before coating with WO3 films. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of ITO films for as-deposited, annealing in air and in vacuum were investigated by X-ray diffraction, UV-VIS-NIR spectroscope and four point probe. The ITO films had a better crystallinity and lager grain size after annealing in air and in vacuum. The resistivity of ITO films increase with annealing in air, but decrease with annealing in vacuum. The WO3 films show difference surface morphology with higher grain size and surface roughness when coating on annealed ITO films in both cases. The electrochemical properties of film systems were characterized by cyclic voltammetry. The film systems of ITO plus WO3 showed that the charge capacity of ITO substrate annealing in vacuum was higher than the as-deposited ITO substrate and the ITO substrate annealing in air, respectively. This result corresponded to electrical conductivity of each ITO substrate.
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Takahashi, Yasutaka, Shinya Okada, Radhouane Bel Hadj Tahar, Ken Nakano, Takayuki Ban, and Yutaka Ohya. "Dip-coating of ITO films." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 218 (September 1997): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(97)00199-3.

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Wu, Yung-Fu, and Yi-Lang Ru. "Electrochemical polishing of ITO films." Microelectronic Engineering 87, no. 12 (December 2010): 2549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2010.07.010.

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Lu, Yun Hua, Zhi Zhi Hu, Ji Ming Bian, and Yong Fei Wang. "Transparent Polyimides and their ITO Flexible Conductive Film." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1211.

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The preparation and properties of indium tin oxide (ITO) coated transparent polyimide substrates were reported in the paper. The transparent polyimide films were prepared through thermal imidization of poly(amic acid) films. Transparent conducting ITO films were prepared on polyimide substrates by magnetron-sputtering technique at room temperature. The optical and electrical properties of the obtained films have been investigated. Polycrystalline ITO films were deposited with resistivity as low as 10-4Ω.cm on polyimide substrates. The average transmittance exceeded 78% in the visible spectrum for 200nm thick films deposited on polyimide.
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Wang, Xianqi, Hongda Zhao, Bo Yang, Song Li, Zongbin Li, Haile Yan, Yudong Zhang, Claude Esling, Xiang Zhao, and Liang Zuo. "Influence of the Sputtering Temperature on Reflectivity and Electrical Properties of ITO/AgIn/ITO Composite Films for High-Reflectivity Anodes." Materials 16, no. 7 (April 3, 2023): 2849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16072849.

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In this paper, indium tin oxide/silver indium/indium tin oxide (ITO/AgIn/ITO) composite films were deposited on glass substrates by magnetron sputtering. The effects of the sputtering temperature on the optical and electrical properties of the composite films were systematically investigated. The ITO/AgIn/ITO composite films deposited at sputtering temperatures of 25 °C and 100 °C demonstrated a high reflectivity of 95.3% at 550 nm and a resistivity of about 6.8–7.3 μΩ·cm. As the sputtering temperature increased, the reflectivity decreased and the resistivity increased slightly. The close connection between microstructure and surface morphology and the optical and electrical properties of the composite films was further illustrated by scanning electron microscopy imaging and atomic force microscopy imaging. It is shown that the ITO/AgIn/ITO thin films have a promising application for high-reflectivity anodes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ITO Films"

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Reed, Amber Nicole. "Characterization of Inert Gas RF Plasma-Treated Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films Deposited Via Pulsed DC Magnetron Sputtering." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1221763086.

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Giusti, Gaël. "Deposition and characterisation of functional ITO thin films." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1678/.

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Polycrystalline tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) thin films were prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) with an ITO (In\(_2\)O\(_3\)-10 wt.% SnO\(_2\)) target and deposited on borosilicate glass substrates. By changing independently the thickness, the deposition temperature and the oxygen pressure, a variety of microstructures were deposited. The impact on thin film physical properties of different gas dynamics is stressed and explained. Films deposited at room temperature (RT) show poorer opto-electrical properties. The same is true for films deposited at low or high oxygen pressure. It is shown that films grown with 1 to 10 mT Oxygen pressure at 200 °C show the best compromise in terms of transmittance and resistivity. The influence of the thickness, the substrate temperature and the oxygen pressure on the microstructure and ITO film properties is discussed. A practical application (a Dye Sensitized Solar Cell) is proposed.
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Catheline, Amélie. "Films de nanotubes de carbone et solutions de graphène." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14404/document.

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Les travaux de recherche effectués lors de cette thèse s'articulent autour de deux matériaux carbonés: les nanotubes de carbone et le graphène. Leur point commun réside dans la technique de mise en suspension qu'est la dissolution douce. Cette méthode se base sur la réduction des nanostructures carbonées en polyélectrolytes, autrement dit en nanostructures chargées négativement. Nous nous sommes intéressés d'une part à la préparation et à l'étude de films transparents conducteurs à base de nanotubes de carbone pour des applications en électronique organique en tant qu'électrode transparente et en électrochimie. D'autre part, les travaux présentent une étude des solutions de graphène. Nous nous sommes notamment attachés à démontrer la présence de graphène en suspension dans certains solvants organiques par analyse directe de ces solutions
Two carbon materials have been studied during this thesis: carbon nanotubes and graphene. Their common point is the method used to prepare suspensions which is the mild dissolution. Using this method, carbon nanostructures can be reduced into polyelectrolytes, id. into negatively charged nanostructures. The first part deals with transparent and conductive films of carbon nanotubes which have been prepared and studied as transparent electrode for electronic applications and for electrochemistry. The second part of this work deals with graphene in solution in different solvents. The aim of this work was to show the presence of graphene by direct analysis of these graphene solutions
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Yavas, Hakan. "Development Of Indium Tin Oxide (ito) Nanoparticle Incorporated Transparent Conductive Oxide Thin Films." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614475/index.pdf.

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Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films have been used as transparent electrodes in many technological applications such as display panels, solar cells, touch screens and electrochromic devices. Commercial grade ITO thin films are usually deposited by sputtering. Solution-based coating methods, such as sol-gel however, can be simple and economic alternative method for obtaining oxide films and also ITO. In this thesis, &ldquo
ITO sols&rdquo
and &ldquo
ITO nanoparticle-incorporated hybrid ITO coating sols&rdquo
were prepared using indium chloride (InCl3
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Saim, Hashim B. "A study of thick films of indium-tin-oxide (ITO) and the feasibility of using ITO for fabricating photovoltaic cells." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1985. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14150.

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Thin films of In203-Sn02 transparent semiconducting oxides (ITO) have been prepared by conventional thick-film method normally employed in microelectronics technology. When fired at approximately 650 C in a continuous air flow, a continuous thick-film of the semiconducting oxides (about 3000~ thick) is obtained. The sheet resistance of the as-deposited film is about 6kQ/sq. which can be reduced to about 300 Q/sq. upon heat o -3 treatment at 300 C in a vacuum of 10 -3 torr. A slight increase of the sheet resistance to about 1 kQ/sq. occurs on ageing at ambient atmospheres for a few days. It is thought that the origin of the conductivity in the as-deposited films is due to the presence of defects resulting from the non-stoichimetric composition of the material - i.e. oxygen vacancies. and/or intestitial tin ions. The remarkable increase in conductivity when the sample is heated in a vacuum is a result of an increase in the amount of native defects from shallow donor levels in the tin-oxide. At ambient atmosphere, the film loses tin due to gradual oxidation process which again leads to an increase in resistivity. The Hall effects measurements shows that changes due to annealing are caused primarily by change in mobility, and a slight change in carrier concentration. Vacuum annealing also eliminates the effects of annealing in air. This rules out any structural changes in the film due to annealing Nature of the annealing characteristics shows that the presence of oxygen is the cause of the changes in electrical properties. Structural studies show that the films are polycrystalline with crystal sizes of 100-200 R. There is no obvious change in crystal sizes due to 11 annealing process. Electron diffraction studies also show no obvious change due to the annealing process. This, together with the vacuum annealing and mobility studies might suggest that the conductivity in the films is due to non-stoichiometric effects. Auger electron spectroscopy (which allows accurate compositional analysis) and in-depth profiling of the elements in the film was carried out. The studies show that there is a slight increase in the In/O and Sn/O ratio for the annealed films compared to the as-deposited films. All the samples show light transmissivity in the visible region of the spectrum. The fundamental absorption edge appears near 3000R which corresponds to an optical band-gap of ~4.0eV. The fundamental optical absorption edge shifts slightly towards the lower wavelength for the more conductive samples. This shift is thought to be due to Burstein shift. There is no remarkable absorption observed up to about 2pm for the unfired and unannealed films. For the annealed films however, there is an increase in absorption as the wavelength increases, possibly due to free carrier absorption. Although these results do not indicate conductivity and mobility as high as that obtained by using thin-film techniques, a feasibility study has been undertaken to fabricate heterojunction solar cells (HJSC's) of ITO-SiO -Si (single crystals). x In this structure, the ITO thick film acts not only as a conducting surface layer that induces the SIS junction but also acts as an antireflection coating. The experimental results on the working cells have shown a V = 400 mV, and J = 0.5 mA/cm2 , cc Sc and efficiency of 2 ~ 0.2% under a total insulation of = 800 W/m. The dark and illuminated I-V characteristics have been compared with published SIS solar cell data and attempts have been made to explain the mechanism of the cells.
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Rasia, Luiz Antônio. "Estudo e aplicação das propriedades elétricas, térmicas e mecânicas de materiais amorfos piezoresistivos em transdutores de pressão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3140/tde-29062009-170433/.

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Neste trabalho é apresentado o estudo teórico-experimental a respeito das propriedades piezoresistivas de dois tipos de materiais com estrutura amorfa. O primeiro material estudado é o carbono semelhante ao diamante e o segundo é o óxido de estanho dopado com índio. O estudo compreende o levantamento bibliográfico sobre os materiais, projeto teórico e prático de estruturas individuais de testes e piezoresistores configurados em ponte completa, além da realização das caracterizações elétricas, mecânicas e térmicas de acordo com um arranjo experimental proposto. As caracterizações experimentais foram implementadas usando a técnica de flexão de uma viga engastada e a teoria das pequenas deflexões. Os diferentes materiais caracterizados e analisados apresentaram o efeito piezoresistivo e um sinal de sensibilidade mecânica condizente com as características esperadas para estes filmes. Ambos os filmes respondem as variações da temperatura de forma linear e apresentam uma direção de dependência com a temperatura. Os filmes de carbono amorfo hidrogenado livre de dopantes apresentam curvas de corrente e tensão características indicando um mecânismo de condução elétrica complexo devido a sua diversidade de microestruturas e relacionado aos parâmetros de processos de deposição. Os filmes com nitrogênio são mais estáveis termicamente com coeficientes da ordem de - 4900 ppm/ºC. Os resultados encontrados indicam a existência de dois tipos de portadores de cargas responsáveis pela mobilidade média, resistividade e efeito piezoresistivo. Os filmes de óxido de estanho dopado com índio livre e com 5 % e 10 % de oxigênio no plasma apresentam características de diminuição da resistência elétrica com o esforço mecânico e exibem efeitos de piezoresistividade na faixa de - 12 a - 23. Amostras destes filmes com oxigênio apresentaram um fator de sensibilidade mecânica muito baixa e são menos estáveis termicamente que as amostras livres de oxigênio. Os filmes estudados podem ser usados em aplicações envolvendo extensiometria ou mesmo em sensores de pressão piezoresistivos após adequação do processo de deposição e de recozimentos térmicos.
This tesis presents the piezoresistivity theoretical and experimental study for two materials with amorphous structure. The first material is the Diamond Like Carbon and the other is the Indium Tin Oxide. The work includes the bibliographic study, theoretical and practical design of structures for testing individual and piezoresistors configured in bridge, in addition to the completion of the characterizations electrical, mechanical and thermal according to a proposed experimental arrangement. The experimental characterizations have been implemented using the technique of cantilever and the theory of small deflections. The different materials analyzed showed the piezoresistive effect with some order of magnitude and a sign of sensitivity to mechanical stress of tension consistent with the characteristics expected for these types of films. Both films respond to changes in temperature in a very linear and have a direction of dependency with the temperature according to the literature. The films of free doping have curves of current and voltage characteristics for this type of material indicating a mechanism of electric conduction very complex because of its diversity of microstructures and processes related to the parameters of the deposition and films with nitrogen are more thermally stable with coefficients of order of - 4900 ppm/ºC. The results indicate the existence of two types of charge carriers responsible for the average mobility and hence the resistivity and the piezoresistive effect. The films of indium tin oxide free and with some oxygen content in plasma presents characteristics of decreased electrical resistance to mechanical stress and exhibit effects of piezoresistive in the range of - 12 to - 23. Samples of these films with oxygen showed a factor of very low mechanical sensitivity and are less stables to thermal effect the samples free of oxygen. The films studied can be used in certain applications such strain gauges or even in piezoresistive pressure sensors, after adequate process of deposition and thermal annealing.
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Zhou, Jianming. "Indium tin oxide (ITO) deposition, patterning, and Schottky contact fabrication /." LInk to online version, 2006. https://ritdml.rit.edu/dspace/handle/1850/1717.

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Salehi, Alireza. "Radiation and thermal treatment of indium tin oxide (ITO) films and rectifying contacts." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388426.

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Hadi, Aseel. "Laser processing of TiO2 films on ITO-glass for dye-sensitized solar cells." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/laser-processing-of-tio2-films-on-itoglass-for-dyesensitized-solar-cells(a2793525-9cf1-4d54-bf7d-a84aabf3ec64).html.

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Mesoporous TiO2 thin film has been considered as a benchmark material in the applications of dye sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) due to a combination of the physical properties that are inherent to the metal oxide and its particular structuring, in addition to its chemical stability and commercial availability. For DSSCs, a more important functionality of mesoporous TiO2 thin films is their extremely high surface and internal surface areas, resulting in high adsorption of dye molecules. However, a major drawback of fabrication of mesoporous TiO2 thin films is its high-temperature furnace sintering at 450à ̄‚°C-500à ̄‚°C for 30 min. The high-temperature process prevents the possibility of integrating different electro-optical devices on the same substrate, and the sintering time required would be a hurdle for potentially rapid manufacturing of mesoporous metal oxide thin films for DSSCs. This thesis demonstrates for the first time the use of a fibre laser with a wavelength of 1070 nm and a pulse width of milliseconds for generation of 1) mesoporous nanocrystalline (nc) TiO2 thin films on ITO coated glass, and 2) compact TiO2 layer and mesoporous TiO2 film on ITO coated glass. The first one was achieved by complete vaporisation of organic binder and inter-connection of TiO2 nanoparticles; and the second one was achieved by full crystallisation of TiO2 precursor to form the compact TiO2 layer and the same sintering process described above. Both processes were one-step, and achieved by stationary laser beam irradiation of 1 minute, compared with 30 min for furnace-sintering to form a mesoporous TiO2 film, and 2 h for two-step furnace treatment to form compact layer and mesoporous film on ITO glass. No thermally damaging of the ITO layers and the glass substrates was observed. The DSSC with the laser-sintered TiO2 photoanode at the optimised laser processing condition of 85 W/cm2 and 100 ms/50 ms pulse mode reached higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.20% for the TiO2 film thickness of 6 à ̄­m compared with 2.99% for the furnace-sintered; the DSSC with the laser-treated compact TiO2 layer and mesoporous TiO2 film on ITO glass at the optimised laser treatment condition of 85 W/cm2 and 125 ms/25 ms, reached 5.76% compared to 4.83% with the furnace-treated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies revealed that the laser sintering effectively decreased charge transfer resistance and increased electron lifetime of the TiO2 thin films. It is believed that the use of the fibre laser with over 40% wall-plug efficiency offers an economically-feasible, industrial viable solution to the major challenge of rapid fabrication of large scale, mass production of mesoporous metal oxide thin film based solar energy systems, potentially for perovskite and monolithic tandem solar cells, in the future. Another part of the thesis presents a detailed investigation on the improvement of photovoltaic performance of furnace-sintered TiO2 films on ITO-coated glass using an excimer laser with a wavelength of 248 nm and possesses a rectangular beam profile and has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) pulse duration of 13-20 ns. This was achieved by modifying the surface of the furnace-sintered TiO2 films to increase the roughness, which led to increased optical absorbance via light-trapping. The laser process was carried out with variation of laser fluence and number of pulses per unit area. Under the optimised laser fluence of 34 mJ/cm2 and number of pulses of 50, the DSSC with the laser-modified TiO2 photoanode showed a high power conversion efficiency of 2.99% than 2.10% without the laser treatment. EIS studies showed that the films modified under the optimised laser parameter effectively decreased charge transfer resistance and increased electron lifetime of the TiO2 thin films.
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Benhaliliba, M., C. E. Benouis, and Y. S. Ocak. "Nanostructured Al doped Sn02 films grown onto ITO substrate via spray pyrolysis route." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20530.

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We report on nanostructured films of Al doped tin oxide grown by facile spray pyrolysis route, and their physical properties are investigated. The sprayed films are grown onto ITO substrate at 300°C from (SnCl4, 5H2O)as precursor. The content of Al is kept at 3 % in the solution. Structural, optical, electrical and surface properties are investigated. X-rays pattern reveals polycrystalline structure and SnO2 phase occurence. The visible transmitance exceeds 85%, the band gap is 3.7 eV.Nanotips are observed by 3D atomic force microscope (AFM) picture. The films exhibits very low resistivity found to be 9.85 10-5􀂟.cm, a high electron concentration around 1021cm-3, and low mobility 20 cm2/Vs. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20530
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Books on the topic "ITO Films"

1

Getting into films & television. 9th ed. Oxford: How To Books, 2009.

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Larson, Randall D. Films into books: An analytical bibliography of film novelizations, movie, and TV tie-ins. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press, 1995.

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Greek tragedy into film. London: Croom Helm, 1986.

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Modern Hebrew literature made into films. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2001.

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Richard, Vela, and Tibbetts John C, eds. Shakespeare into film. New York, NY: Checkmark Books, 2002.

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London, Mel. Getting into film. New York: Ballantine Books, 1985.

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Novels into film. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003.

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1945-, Spence Louise, ed. Writing himself into history: Oscar Micheaux, his silent films, and his audiences. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 2000.

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Bowser, Pearl. Writing himself into history: Oscar Micheaux, his silent films, and his audiences. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 2000.

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Leslie, Stratyner, and Keller James R. 1960-, eds. Fantasy fiction into film: Essays. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "ITO Films"

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Han, Jeong-In. "Stability of Externally Deformed ITO Films." In Flexible Flat Panel Displays, 121–33. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470870508.ch7.

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Park, Joon Hong, Sang Chul Lee, Jin Ho Lee, and Pung Keun Song. "Microstructure and Electrical Properties of ITO Films Deposited Using Various ITO Targets by Magnetron Sputtering." In Solid State Phenomena, 431–34. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-31-0.431.

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Bazzan, Giorgio, Amit Aggarwal, and Charles Michael Drain. "Electrochemical Studies of Self-Organized Porphyrin−Polyoxometalate Films on ITO." In ACS Symposium Series, 167–84. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2011-1062.ch007.

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Rambo, A., A. Filion, and B. Noirhomme. "Evaporated and Ion Beam Sputtered ITO Films for Solar Cells." In Seventh E.C. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 968–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3817-5_172.

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Choi, Yong Lak, and Seon Hwa Kim. "Optical and Electrical Properties of ITO/Ag/ITO Multilayer Thin Films Deposited by D.C. Magnetron Sputtering." In Solid State Phenomena, 403–6. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-31-0.403.

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Zeng, Sheng Nan, Jia Xiang Liu, and Nan Zhang. "The Effect of Technological Condition on Electrical Properties of ITO Films." In The Mechanical Behavior of Materials X, 1233–36. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-440-5.1233.

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Jung, Jihoon, and Ruyan Guo. "Optimized Sputtering Parameters for ITO Thin Films of High Conductivity and Transparency." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 43–53. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118511350.ch5.

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Chen, Z., W. Wang, and B. Cotterell. "The Evaluation of the Fracture Strain of ITO Films on Polymeric Substrates." In Properties of Complex Inorganic Solids 2, 409–16. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1205-9_30.

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Cho, Bum Rae. "The Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Formation of ITO Thin Films." In Solid State Phenomena, 195–98. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-31-0.195.

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Hippler, R., H. Steffen, M. Quaas, T. Röwf, T. M. Tun, and H. Wulff. "Plasma-Assisted Deposition and Crystal Growth of Thin Indium-Tin-Oxide (ITO) Films." In Advances in Solid State Physics 44, 299–312. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39970-4_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "ITO Films"

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Yu, Sung Mi, Jung Kyun Kim, Byeong Kyou Jin, Woon Jin Chung, and Yong Gyu Choi. "Photoluminescence from Er-doped ITO films." In 2007 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - Pacific Rim. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2007.4391337.

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Chakraborty, Deepannita, S. Kaleemulla, N. Madhusudhana Rao, K. Subbaravamma, and G. Venugopal Rao. "Structural and optical properties of ITO and Cu doped ITO thin films." In DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2017. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5029042.

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Yu Zhinong, Xiang Longfeng, Xue Wei, and Wang Huaqing. "The bending properties of flexible ITO films." In 2007 Asia Optical Fiber Communication and Optoelectronics Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aoe.2007.4410733.

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Ni, Jimmy, Wendy Sarney, Joe Bennett, and Weimin Zhou. "Thick Epsilon-Near-Zero ITO Metamaterial Films." In 2018 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcon.2018.8527298.

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Teghil, Roberto, Angela De Bonis, Agostino Galasso, Anna Giardini, Veronica Marotta, Giovanni P. Parisi, Antonio Santagata, and Patrizia Villani. "Ultrashort pulsed laser deposition of ITO thin films." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Ivan A. Shcherbakov, Kexin Xu, Qingyue Wang, Alexander V. Priezzhev, and Vladimir I. Pustovoy. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.694295.

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Hsu, Ching-Ming, Ian-Fu Chen, and Jin-Win Lee. "Surface Ni-doped ITO films for OLED application." In Optical Science and Technology, SPIE's 48th Annual Meeting, edited by Zakya H. Kafafi and Paul A. Lane. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.503432.

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Lapinski, Marcin, Jaroslaw Domaradzki, Eugeniusz L. Prociow, Karolina Sieradzka, and Barbara Gornicka. "Electrical and optical characterization of ITO thin films." In 2009 International Students and Young Scientists Workshop "Photonics and Microsystems". IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stysw.2009.5470305.

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de Campos Carreri, Felipe, A. Sabelfeld, H. Gerdes, R. Bandorf, and G. Braeuer. "HIPIMS ITO Films from a Rotating Cylindrical Cathode." In Society of Vacuum Coaters Annual Technical Conference. Society of Vacuum Coaters, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14332/svc15.proc.1984.

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John, K. Aijo, and T. Manju. "In situ Crystallization of RF sputtered ITO thin films: A comparison with annealed samples." In OPTOELECTRONIC MATERIALS AND THIN FILMS: OMTAT 2013. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4862020.

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Sun, Shuo, Gui-ling Zhang, and Fu-jia Zhang. "Investigation of ITO Thin Film Deposited On Organic Films by RF Magnetron Sputter." In 2007 International Nano-Optoelectronics Workshop. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inow.2007.4302992.

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Reports on the topic "ITO Films"

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Carter, Austin D., and S. Elhadj. Modulus of Elasticity and Thermal Expansion Coefficient of ITO Film. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1325877.

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Mintii, Iryna S., Svitlana V. Shokaliuk, Tetiana A. Vakaliuk, Mykhailo M. Mintii, and Vladimir N. Soloviev. Import test questions into Moodle LMS. [б. в.], September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3271.

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The purpose of the study is to highlight the theoretical and methodological aspects of preparing the test questions of the most common types in the form of text files for further import into learning management system (LMS) Moodle. The subject of the research is the automated filling of the Moodle LMS test database. The objectives of the study: to analyze the import files of test questions, their advantages and disadvantages; to develop guidelines for the preparation of test questions of common types in the form of text files for further import into Moodle LMS. The action algorithms for importing questions and instructions for submitting question files in such formats as Aiken, GIFT, Moodle XML, “True/False” questions, “Multiple Choice” (one of many and many of many), “Matching”, with an open answer – “Numerical” or “Short answer” and “Essay” are offered in this article. The formats for submitting questions, examples of its designing and developed questions were demonstrated in view mode in Moodle LMS.
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Messier, Russell. Investigations into the Origins of the Physical Structure of Thin Films. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada162772.

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Blanco, Roberto, Elena Fernández, Miguel García-Posada, and Sergio Mayordomo. An estimation of the default probabilities of Spanish non-financial corporations and their application to evaluate public policies. Madrid: Banco de España, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/33512.

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We model the one-year ahead probability for default of Spanish non-financial corporations using data for the period 1996-2019. While most previous literature considers that a firm is in default if it files for bankruptcy, we define default as having non-performing loans during at least three months of a given year. This broader definition allows us to predict firms’ financial distress at an earlier stage that cannot generally be observed by researchers, before their financial conditions become too severe and they have to file for bankruptcy or engage in private workouts with their creditors. We estimate, by means of logistic regressions, both a general model that uses all the firms in the sample and six models for different size-sector combinations. The selected explanatory variables are five accounting ratios, which summarise firms’ creditworthiness, and the growth rate of aggregate credit to non-financial corporations, to take into account the role of credit availability in mitigating the risk of default. Finally, we carry out two applications of our prediction models: we construct credit rating transition matrices and evaluate a programme implemented by the Spanish government to provide direct aid to firms severely affected by the COVID-19 crisis.
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Guthrie, James, Jane Andrew, and Erin Twyford. Powerful firms that put the ‘con’ into consulting. Edited by Lachlan Guselli. Monash University, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/11e4-eaa4.

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Hertel, Thomas, and Padma Swaminathan. Introducing Monopolistic Competition into the GTAP Model. GTAP Technical Paper, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.tp06.

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This technical paper documents one approach to incorporating monopolistic competition into the GTAP model. In this framework, consumer preferences are heterogeneous, leading to an apparent "love of variety" in the aggregate utility function for each region. The more heterogeneous are preferences, the smaller the elasticity of substitution in the aggregate utility function, and the greater the value placed on the addition of new varieties. The same is true for firms, which experience lower unit costs for differentiated, intermediate inputs, as the number of varieties on offer increases. In order to meet the diverse needs of consumers, firms differentiate their products through research and development (R&D) as well as advertising activities. These costs are assumed to be invariant to the total volume of sales for a given variety of product. With production occurring at constant returns to scale, this gives rise to declining average total costs. A zero profits equilibrium in this model is characterized by firms marking up their price over marginal costs by an amount sufficient to cover the fixed costs associated with establishing a new variety in the marketplace. Since the optimal markup is itself determined by the elasticity of substitution among varieties, this establishes a direct relationship between fixed costs and the degree of preference heterogeneity. The main differences between the monopolistically competitive sectors and the traditional GTAP sectors may be summarized as follows: We introduce two new variables: n, the number of firms in the industry and qof, the output per firm. Minimum expenditure and unit costs are declining in n. Average total costs are declining in output per firm. Unlike the Armington specification, foreign and domestic firms compete directly in the representative consumer's utility function. We illustrate this framework with a 2 commodity/3 region example in which we eliminate US antidumping duti
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Chang, H. C. Wave dynamics on falling films and its effects on heat/mass transfer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6852503.

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Shannon. L51584 Effect of Water Chemistry on Internal Corrosion Rates in Offshore Pipelines.pdf. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010643.

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This work is an extension of a program reported in 1984 to establish factors which control corrosion of API line pipe in gas containing carbon dioxide and water. In this phase of the program, there were four objectives. One was to establish the temperature of maximum corrosion in the range of 75�, 100� and 175�F at 1000 psi in water saturated with carbon dioxide at partial pressures of 15 and 50 psia. The next was to explore the role of carbon content and microstructure in the steel, iron carbonate film formation, and resulting corrosion rates. The third was to examine the role of pre-existing mill scale and corrosion films on accelerating pitting attack. The final objective was to extend a spread sheet computer model to calculate corrosion rates from field data. Tests were run in a refreshed, recirculating autoclave at a total pressure of 1000 psi in water saturated with CO2 at partial pressures of 15 and 50 psia, and containing bicarbonate ion to adjust the pH either to 5 or 6. Six materials were tested: ASTM-A53B, two lots of API5LX-X52 and three lots of API5LX-X60. Samples were pulled at intervals for weight loss corrosion and to examine the surface films by electron microscope and metallography. After plotting the weight loss results, corrosion rates in mils per year (MPY) were calculated. The microstructure of the metal, the corrosion films of iron carbonate, and the weight loss results were then examined. The corrosion data were incorporated into a spread sheet computer model for users to calculate their own pipe line corrosion rates.
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Blyde, Juan S. The Impact of ISO 14001 environmental standards on exports. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003745.

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Analyses that examine the role of international standards on export performance has been concentrated on quality certifications. Very little is known about the impact of environmental certifications on exports. In this paper we employ firm-level data from Ecuador to assess the impact of the ISO 14001 environmental certification on export outcomes. The results show that holding an ISO 14001 increases the likelihood of becoming an exporter by 0.31 percentage points (equivalent to 4%), and that this positive effect is concentrated among large firms. We did not find evidence that the environmental certification has a causal impact on the level or the growth rate of exports. Consequently, the results suggest that the ISO 14001 certification is most useful in reducing information frictions, allowing firms to initiate export transactions.
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Yu, N., H. Kung, M. Nastasi, and D. Li. Incorporation of iron cations into epitaxial sapphire thin films by co-evaporation and subsequent thermal annealing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10150117.

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