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Malone, Hannah Olivia. "Nineteenth-century Italian cemeteries : the social and political basis of funerary architecture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648217.
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Ertz, Matilda Ann Butkas 1979. "Nineteenth-century Italian ballet music before national unification: Sources, style, and context." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11296.
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xxiv, 603 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.Though not widely acknowledged, ballet and its music were important to the nineteenth-century Italian theatre-goer. While much scholarship exists for Italian opera, less study is made of its counterpart even though the ballet was an important feature of Italian theatre and culture. This dissertation is the first in-depth survey of the music for Italian ballets from 1800-1870, drawing from the hundreds of ballet scores in two important collections: The John and Ruth Ward Italian Ballet Collection, part of the Harvard Theatre Collection, and the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts Research Collections. After discussion of primary and secondary sources (Chapters II and III), I provide an overview of the context in which ballets were performed during the period (Chapter IV). In Chapter V I discuss musical styles for mime and for dance, and dance sub-categories such as the pas de deux, ballabile, and national dances. I also explore specific commonly occurring choreo-musical sub-topics such as anger, love, storms, hell, witches, devils, and sylphs. Finally, I examine two complete ballets in detail. Chapter VI on Salvatore Viganò's La Vestale includes a discussion of the hitherto neglected manuscript full score and of the published piano reduction. Chapter VII on Giuseppe Rota's Bianchi e Negri explores the musical and dramatic adaptation of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin . While examining the traits of Italian ballet music as a genre and exploring relationships between music, dance, and libretto, this dissertation initiates a wider discussion of the social-political context of ballet music in nineteenth-century Italian theatrical life during the turbulent decades spanning the 'Risorgimento' period.
Committee in charge: Marian Smith, Chairperson, Music; Anne McLucas, Member, Music; Marc Vanscheeuwijck, Member, Music; Jenifer Craig, Outside Member, Dance
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Miller, Nikki L. "The American Civil War and Other 19th Century Influences on the Development of Nursing." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194076.
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The Industrial Revolution created sweeping cultural and technological changes in 19th century American society. During this era, nursing evolved from an unskilled to a skilled form of work. Changes in manufacturing, communication, and transportation occurred differentially in America, which favored the growth of different regional economies. Sectionalism erupted into the first modern war in American history. The Civil War created the conditions in which nursing, medicine, and the hospital formed organizational structures, roles, and boundaries that would later form the template for the modern healthcare system. The purpose of this research was to study how the context and culture of mid-nineteenth century American life affected the evolution of nursing during the Civil War, and the later affect it would have on skilled nursing knowledge, roles, education, and practice. The overall goal of the work is to contribute to the body of research on parallel historic processes that had an influence over the formation of early skilled nursing practice and the evolution of the nursing role. The effect of parallel processes associated with the Industrial Revolution and the advent of modern warfare on the development of skilled nursing were the particular focus of this research. A social history methodology was utilized to examine texts and discourse from the Civil War period. It was found that advances in transportation, communication, and manufacturing were both integral to the advent of modern war and modern nursing, and that the advent of these was highly integrated. It was also found that the industrialization of the hospital in response to wartime was highly influential on the development of skilled nursing programs later in the century. The role that nurses would take in the postbellum hospital, however, reflected the mass media image of nursing generated during the war rather than actual wartime practice.
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Halbwidl, Dieter Anton. "The teaching of history at the Habsburg Universities of Vienna, Graz and Innsbruck, compared to Padova and Pavia between 1848 and 1855 /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/NQ44449.pdf.
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Last, Joseph Henry. "The Power of the Privy: Mediating Social Relations on a 19th Century British Military Site." W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626033.
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Von, Herff Michael. ""They walk through the fire like the blondest German" : African soldiers serving the Kaiser in German East Africa (1888-1914)." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60565.
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The maintenance of German colonial rule in East Africa depended on a strong military presence. The Kaiserliche Schutztruppe fur Deutsch Ostafrika was established to meet this need, but financial and political constraints dictated that this force be manned by an African rank and file. Initially, most of the African recruits came from outside of the colony, but, as time passed, the Germans began recruiting from a few specific ethnic groups in the colony.The relationship between the African soldiers and their German employers yielded military successes for the new colonial government and, by extension, an enhanced status for the soldiers themselves. Over time, the Africans within the Schutztruppe distanced themselves from other Africans in the colony and began to develop separate communities at the government stations, which in turn fostered the growth of an askari group identity. The interests of these communities became inextricably linked to the German presence in the region. The development of this relationship helps to explain the askaris' support of the German campaign against the British during the First World War.
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Uglow, Loyd M. (Loyd Michael). "Standing in the Gap: Subposts, Minor Posts, and Picket Stations and the Pacification of the Texas Frontier, 1866-1886." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279057/.
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This dissertation describes the various military outposts on the Texas frontier between 1866 and 1886. It is arranged geographically, with each chapter covering a major fort or geographical area and the smaller posts associated with it. Official military records and government reports serve as the primary sources of data. In 1866 when the United States Army returned to the defense of Texas after four years of civil war, the state's frontier lay open to depredations from several Indian tribes and from lawless elements in Mexico. The army responded to those attacks by establishing several lines of major forts to protect the various danger areas of the frontier. To extend its control and protection to remote, vulnerable, or strategically important points within its jurisdiction, each major fort established outposts. Two main categories of outposts existed in Texas, subposts and picket stations. Subposts served as permanent scouting camps or guarded strategic points or lines of communication. Picket stations protected outlying locations, such as stage stations, that were particularly vulnerable to attack. Because Indians raiding in Texas usually operated in fairly small groups, garrisons at outposts were similarly small. Company-sized detachments generally garrisoned subposts, and picket stations seldom held more than a dozen troops, often fewer. The army used outposts haphazardly during the first few years after the Civil War. Commanders developed standard tactics for outpost garrisons, but they failed to form a comprehensive strategy incorporating a series of outposts in the plan to pacify a particular region until the late 1870s. At that time, Colonel Benjamin Grierson and others began forming a systematic network of outposts in far West Texas. Concentrating his outposts at the region's few water sources, Grierson was able to use those posts as an effective part of a strategy that eventually brought an end to danger from Apaches in that part of the state.
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Reed, Alden. "Nationalists & guerillas| How nationalism transformed warfare, insurgency & colonial resistance in late 19th century Cuba (1895-1898) and the Philippines (1899-1902)." Thesis, University of New Hampshire, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10127465.
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In the modern age, nationalism has profoundly impacted warfare. While nationalism has helped transform pre-modern societies into nation-states in part arguably to more efficiently wage warfare, it has also lead to a decline in the effectiveness of conventional military power. Warfare in late nineteenth century Cuba and the Philippines demonstrates many of the new features of “nationalist warfare,” showing increased violence is brought about not just by conventional technological developments, but also by “social technology” like nationalism. Nationalist ideology makes it nearly impossible for conventional military forces to occupy or control a nationalist society and suppress resistance to foreign rule. Attempts to suppress nationalist resistance can only be achieved by denying the rebellion external support and directly targeting the civilian population. The difficulty of suppressing nationalist resistance ensures increasingly protracted, bloody and destructive wars will be the norm and that within these conflicts targeting non-combatants and civilian infrastructure is virtually unavoidable.
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Balletti-Thomas, Joanne. "Women's writing and the "anxiety of authorship" in nineteenth-century Italy : Bruno Sperani and others." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26718.
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As women's literature emerged in late nineteenth-century Italy, female authors encountered many obstacles. Foremost among them was the near-total absence of Italian female literary role models. Female writers often expressed ambivalence towards the writing of other women, which was considered inferior to male writing. However, their reverence for male writers revealed how conflictive their identities as writers were, and it was an impediment to the establishment of a serious women's literary tradition. In addition to such personal conflicts, these writers also faced the challenge of gaining acceptance by the male-dominated literary community and by their readers. These two groups expected that women's writing conform to a moral code which did not apply to men's writing. This thesis is an analysis of the specific problems that female novelist Bruno Sperani and others faced as they strove to establish themselves in Italian literature.
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Anderson, Scott Patrick 1956. "The adminstrative and social reforms of Russia's military, 1861-1874: Dmitrii Miliutin against the ensconced power elite." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11004.
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x, 90 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.As a key figure in Imperial Russia's Great Reforms from 1861 to 1874, Count Dmitrii Alekseevich Miliutin has received a good deal of attention by historians and scholars; however, his recently published memoirs have yet to be used extensively as the foundation for any study. Having them readily at one's fingertips would be a boon by itself, but to examine them using a different methodology could potentially provide a totally unique perspective. The methodology in question was based on the assumption that war influenced societies and society affected how war was conducted. By reexamining Imperial Russia's military administrative and social reforms with the newly published memoirs and afore-mentioned methodology, Miliutin's logic in formulating the reforms became apparent, as did his intended results, which included a challenge to the privileged status of Russia's ensconced power elites.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Alan Kimball, Chair; Dr. Julie Hessler; Dr. Alex Dracobly
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Abel, Jonathan 1985. "Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, Comte De Guibert: Father of the Grande Armée." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700071/.
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Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, comte de Guibert (1743-1790) dedicated his life and career to creating a new doctrine for the French army. Little about this doctrine was revolutionary. Indeed, Guibert openly decried the anarchy of popular participation in government and looked askance at the early days of the Revolution. Rather, Guibert’s doctrine marked the culmination of an evolutionary process that commenced decades before his time and reached fruition in the Réglement of 1791, which remained in force until the 1830s. Not content with military reform, Guibert demanded a political and social constitution to match. His reforms required these changes, demanding a disciplined, service-oriented society and a functional, rational government to assist his reformed military. He delved deeply, like no other contemporary writer, into the linkages between society, politics, and the military throughout his career and his writings. Guibert exerted an overwhelming influence on military thought across Europe for the next fifty years. His military theories provided the foundation for military reform during the twilight of the Old Regime. The Revolution, which adopted most of Guibert’s doctrine in 1791, continued his work. A new army and way of war based on Guibert’s reforms emerged to defeat France’s major enemies. In Napoleon’s hands, Guibert’s army all but conquered Europe by 1807. As other nations adopted French methods, Guibert’s influence spread across the Continent, reigning supreme until the 1830s. This dissertation adopts a biographical approach to examine Guibert’s life and influence on the creation of the French military system that led to Napoleon’s conquest of Europe. As no such biography exists in Anglophone literature, such a work will fill a crucial gap in understanding French military success to 1807. It examines the period of French military reform from 1760 to the creation and use of Napoleon’s Grande Armée from 1803 to 1807, illustrating the importance of Guibert’s systemic doctrine in the period. Moreover, the work argues that Guibert belongs in the ranks of authors whose works exerted a primary influence on the French Enlightenment and Revolution by establishing Guibert as a “Great Man” of the Republic of Letters between 1770 and his death in 1790.
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Iglesias, Rogers Graciela. "British liberators : the role of volunteers in the Spanish forces during the Peninsular War (1808-1814)... and far beyond." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669998.
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Baran, Kemal Mustafa. "Travelling/writing/drawing: Karl Friedrich Schinkel." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613886/index.pdf.
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Finn, Sarah. "'Padre della nazione italiana' : Dante Alighieri and the construction of the Italian nation, 1800-1945." University of Western Australia. European Languages and Studies Discipline Group. Italian Studies, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0085.
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Dante Alighieri is, undoubtedly, an enduring feature of the cultural memory of generations of Italians. His influence is such that the mere mention of a dark wood or lifes journey recalls the poet and his most celebrated work, the Divina Commedia. This study, however, seeks to examine the construction of the medieval Florentine poet, exemplified by the above assertion, as a potent symbol of the Italian nation. From the creation of the idea of the Italian nation during the Risorgimento, to the Liberal ruling elites efforts after 1861 to legitimise the new Italian nation state, and more importantly to make Italians, to the rise of a more imperialist conception of nationalism in the early twentieth century and its most extreme expression under the Fascist regime, Dante was made to play a significant role in defining, justifying and glorifying the Italian nation. Such an exploration of the utilisation of Dante in the construction of Italian national identity during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries aids considerably in an understanding of the conceptualisation of the Italian nation, of the issues engendered by the establishment of the Italian nation state, and the evolution of these processes throughout the period in question. The various images of Dante revealed by this investigation of his instrumentalisation in the Italian process of nation-building bear only a fleeting resemblance to what is known of the poet in his medieval reality. Dante was born in 1265 to a family of modest means and standing in Florence, at that time the economic centre of Europe, and one of the most important cities of the Italian peninsula. His writings disclosed, however, that he was little impressed by his citys prestige and wealth, being instead greatly disturbed by its political discord and instability, of which he became an unfortunate victim. The violent partisan conflict in Florence and the turbulent political condition of the Italian peninsula in the late thirteenth century had a decisive influence on Dantes life and literary endeavours.
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Barnes, Travis S. "No Quarter: the Story of the New Orleans Greys." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822740/.
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The purpose of this thesis document is to explain the process of making the documentary film, No Quarter: The Story of the New Orleans Greys. The document is organized by having the prospectus and the film proposal at the beginning, with the body describing how the film was made based on the prospectus. The purpose of the film is to tell the history of a unit of volunteers in the Texas Revolution, the New Orleans Greys. The document describes the methods used to make the film and how it will be distributed to the intended audience. As the thesis explains, the film changed slightly from the prospectus, however the resulting film was successful in telling the history of the little-known New Orleans Greys.
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Guillemot, Agneta. "Rask, Resolut, Trogen : de indelta soldaterna i det svenska agrarsamhället : Västerbotten 1860-1901." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Historiska studier, 1986. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100371.
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My study concerns the social recruitment of infantry soldiers in the Swedish standing army ( indelta armén). The 19th century Swedish army was composed of three parts : hired troops , the conscripts and above all the ”indelta armén”. Indelta armén was unique in the world because of its organizational form. It consisted of infantry soldiers, naval men and cavalry soldiers, which were supported by the landowning farmers. Normally two farmers had the responsibility to find an infantry soldier, to pay him an annual wage and to give him a small-crofters holding; at least this was intended when the system was first organized in the 1680s. The famous author Vilhelm Moberg has written a well-known novel ”Raskens” about one of these soldiers portraying also the whole system as well as the surrounding peasant society. All of the 20000 concerned soldiers lived in the Swedish countryside among the rest of the population. They all got special names,( for example meaning Quick, Prompt, Faithful) still existing as family names of Sweden today. The study concentrates on the question of the social importance of this system in a period of rapid transformation of Swedish society, i.e the end of the 19th century. The most important questions dealt with are: the ones concerning social and geographical recruitment of soldiers (i.e. those ôf the indelta armén), the means of support and education given to these soldiers in special army training schools. One part of the book concerns social mobility among ex-soldiers and a minor study treats their family structure.Diss. Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1986
digitalisering@umu
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Beaton, Belinda. "The cult of the First Duke of Wellington." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491583.
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Toll, Larry A. "The military community on the western frontier, 1866-1898." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720166.
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Army posts in the Trans-Mississippi West from 1866 to 1898 were more like small towns than forts. Military posts provided their inhabitants with urban services, and possessed a social structure that was a microcosm of nineteenth-century American society, complete with a ruling middle class, and a lower working class. The officer class constituted the ruling middle class of garrison society, while the enlisted men comprised the lower class. This study will show that the social structure of the western military garrisons, based on a military caste system, dominated the daily lives of the inhabitants, both military and civilian.While frontier service and the dangers of combat may have lessened the social division between officers and soldiers in the field, this distinction was maintained while at the posts. Officers dined, lived, and attended social functions separately from the enlisted men. This social division also applied to the civilian members of the garrison community. Prominent civilians such as ranchers and prosperous business people associated with the officer class, while less prominent civilians were identified with the enlisted class.Department of History
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Elsken, Jennifer L. "The Historical Ceramics of Camp Floyd." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2002. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4665.
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This thesis is an historical archaeological project involving the classification and analysis of the ceramics found at Camp Floyd, a 19th century military site 40 miles southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah. United States military troops were dispatched to the Utah Territory to establish a Pony Express Station and an Overland Stage Trail, to assert federal authority in the Territories, and to end the ongoing conflict between the federal government and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. The primary research question concerned the ceramic usage patterns at Camp Floyd as compared to other military sites and non-residential sites of the 19th century. The ceramic assemblage recovered from Camp Floyd was classified using Berge's classification system of historical ceramics. A sample from this collection was analyzed in order to assess social and economic differences between officers' and enlisted men.
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Fonsato, Vanna Marisa. "Giudizi letterari di Isabella Teotochi Albrizzi nel carteggio inedito della Raccolta Piancastelli." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61287.
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The present work examines the literary criticism expressed by Isabella Teotochi Albrizzi in several of her unpublished letters.The first part outlines the cultural and historical tradition of Venice during the Eighteenth Century. Particular attention is subsequently given to the intellectual role of women, their contribution to the literary salons of the time, and the neoclassical tradition. This first part is essential in that it supplies a valuable context to Isabella Teotochi Albrizzi's writings.
In the second part, I examine Isabella Teotochi Albrizzi's literary criticism of major European authors and works. Through these criticisms she exposes her misvision of the literary world to which she aspired, and reveals that although she was influenced by the subtle preromantic tendencies, she remained faithful to the neoclassical school.
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O'Connell, Barry John. "British intelligence during the war against Napoleon, 1807-1815." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709285.
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Smith, Eric C. "A Pre-professional Institution: Napoleon’s Marshalate and the Defeat of 1813." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699890/.
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Napoleon’s defeat in 1813 generates a number of explanations from historians regarding why he lost this epic campaign which ultimately resulted in France losing control over the German states. Scholars discussing the French marshalate of the Napoleonic era frequently assert that these generals could not win battles without the emperor present. Accustomed to assuming a subordinate role under Bonaparte’s direct supervision, these commanders faltered when deprived of the strong hand of the master. This thesis contributes to this historiographical argument by positing that the pre-professional nature of Napoleon’s marshalate precluded them from adapting to the evolving nature of warfare during the First French Empire. Emerging from non-military backgrounds and deriving their capabilities solely from practical experience, the marshals failed to succeed at endeavors outside of their capacity. An examination of the military administration of the Old Regime, the effects of the French Revolution on the French generalate, and the circumstances under which Bonaparte labored when creating the imperial marshalate demonstrates that issues systemic to the French high command contributed to French defeat in 1813. This thesis also provides evidence that Napoleon understood this problem and attempted to better prepare his marshals for independent command by instructing them in his way of war during the 1813 campaign.
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Folsom, Bradley 1979. "Joaquín de Arredondo in Texas and Northeastern New Spain, 1811-1821." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699939/.
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Joaquín de Arredondo was the most powerful and influential person in northeastern New Spain from 1811 to 1821. His rise to prominence began in 1811 when the Spanish military officer and a small royalist army suppressed Miguel Hidalgo’s revolution in the province of Nuevo Santander. This prompted the Spanish government to promote Arredondo to Commandant General of the Eastern Internal Provinces, making him the foremost civil and military authority in northeastern New Spain. Arredondo’s tenure as commandant general proved difficult, as he had to deal with insurgents, invaders from the United States, hostile Indians, pirates, and smugglers. Because warfare in Europe siphoned much needed military and financial support, and disagreements with New Spain’s leadership resulted in reductions of the commandant general’s authority, Arredondo confronted these threats with little assistance from the Spanish government. In spite of these obstacles, he maintained royalist control of New Spain from 1811 to 1821, and, in doing so, changed the course of Texas, Mexican, and United States history. In 1813, he defeated insurgents and American invaders at the Battle of Medina, and from 1817 to 1820, his forces stopped Xavier Mina’s attempt to bring independence to New Spain, prevented French exiles from establishing a colony in Texas, and defeated James Long’s filibustering expedition from the United States. Although unable to sustain Spanish rule in 1821, Arredondo’s approval of Moses Austin’s petition to settle families from the United States in Texas in 1820 and his role in the development of Antonio López de Santa Anna, meant the officer continued to influence Mexico. Perhaps Arredondo’s greatest importance is that the study of his life provides a means to learn about an internationally contested region during one of the most turbulent eras in North American history.
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Schindler, Mauren A. Schindler. "Dismantling the Dichotomy of Cowardice and Courage in the American Civil War." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1532694510126409.
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Cilmi, Giancarla. "Les Jacquemart-André collectionneurs d’art italien. Acquisitions et marché de l’art entre la France et l’Italie (fin XIXe-début XXe siècle)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP053.
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Edouard André (1833-1894) et Nélie Jacquemart (1841-1912) s’inscrivent parfaitement dans cette pratique du collectionnisme de la fin du XIXe siècle apanage de la bourgeoisie fortunée de la société occidentale. Leur passion pour l’art de la Renaissance italienne les mène à constituer un musée privé unique en ce genre : ils rassemblent des œuvres (peintures, sculptures, objets d’art) s’attachant à récréer l’ambiance d’un palais florentin. Pendant près de trente ans ils entretiennent des relations étroites avec les meilleurs antiquaires italiens et les plus grands experts de l’époque qui leur permettent de constituer un ensemble resté encore exceptionnel à ce jour, légué à la France en 1912. L’analyse du modus operandi mis en place par le couple permettra alors de saisir l’importance de leur collection italienneEdouard André (1833-1894) and Nélie Jacquemart (1841-1912) are perfectly in line with the practice of late 19th-century art collecting, which was the preserve of the wealthy bourgeoisie of Western society. Their passion for Italian Renaissance art led them to create a unique private museum by collecting works of art (paintings, sculptures, art objects) that recreated the atmosphere of a Florentine palace. For nearly thirty years, they maintained close relations with the best Italian antique dealers and the greatest experts of the time, which enabled them to form a collection that remains exceptional to this day, bequeathed to France in 1912. The analysis of the modus operandi set up by the couple will make it possible to understand the importance of their Italian collection
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Brambilla, Alberto. "Edmondo De Amicis et la France (1870-1883) : contacts et échanges entre littérature italienne et littérature française à la fin du XIXe siècle." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951573.
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Le travail s'insère dans la vaste perspective des études sur les rapports entre la culture italienne et la culture française dans la seconde moitié du XIX siècle. En particulier nous avons pris en examen la période 1870-1883, c'est-à-dire les années de la conclusion de la guerre franco-prussienne, jusqu'à la crise diplomatique de Tunis (1881) et au passage de l'Italie à l'alliance politique et militaire avec l'Autriche et l'Allemagne. (1886). Dans la vaste production littéraire de De Amicis (connu presque seulement pour la publication de son roman Cuore), la France joue un rôle non secondaire, comme le témoignent le volume Ricordi di Parigi (1879) et le recueil Ritratti letterari (1881). Le but de notre recherche a été d'abord l'analyse approfondie de ces deux livres. Ensuite nous avons fait une enquête systématique sur l'ensemble de la production de De Amicis - en examinant pour la première fois plusieurs périodiques littéraires et politiques - où nous avons retrouvé beaucoup d'autres témoignages importants. En outre, grâce à l'étude de la biographie de De Amicis, nous avons reconstruit ses voyages et ses séjours en France (1873, 1878, 1880), et nous avons retrouvé le nom d'autres intellectuels français, avec lesquels De Amicis a établi des liens d'amitié et de collaboration. Enfin, à travers l'analyse de la correspondance privée de certains protagonistes de cet échange, nous avons acquis d'autres données. Nous avons ainsi mis à jour de nombreux témoignages de la remarquable réception en France des œuvres de De Amicis. Il a été beaucoup traduit en France et la critique française l'a considéré dès sa première œuvre (La vita militare, 1868) comme un des écrivains les plus importants d'Europe. Le bilan final de nos recherches confère à De Amicis un rôle très important dans les rapports entre la France et l'Italie, aussi bien au niveau culturel que politique
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Birkle, Eric Michael. "Detroit’s Belle Isle Aquarium: An Idiosyncrasy of Identity, Style, Modernity, and Spectacle." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1555674210421851.
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ABBIATI, MICHELE. "L'ESERCITO ITALIANO E LA CONQUISTA DELLA CATALOGNA (1808-1811).UNO STUDIO DI MILITARY EFFECTIVENESS NELL'EUROPA NAPOLEONICA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/491761.
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L’esercito italiano e la conquista della Catalogna (1808-1811)
Uno studio di Military Effectiveness nell’Europa napoleonica
Settori scientifico-disciplinari SPS/03 – M-STO/02
La ricerca ha lo scopo di ricostruire e valutare l’effettività militare dell’esercito italiano al servizio di Napoleone I. In primo luogo attraverso un’analisi statistica e strategica della costruzione, e del successivo impiego, dell’istituzione militare del Regno d’Italia durante gli anni della sua esistenza (1805-14); successivamente, è stato scelto un caso di studi particolarmente significativo, come la campagna di Catalogna (1808-11, nel contesto della guerra di Indipendenza spagnola), per poter valutare il contributo operazionale e tattico dei corpi inviati dal governo di Milano e la loro integrazione con l’apparato militare complessivo del Primo Impero.
La tesi ha voluto rispondere alla mancanza di studi sul comportamento in guerra dell’esercito italiano e, allo stesso tempo, introdurre nella storiografia militare italiana la metodologia di studi, d’origine anglosassone e ormai di tradizione trentennale, di Military Effectiveness.
La ricerca si è primariamente basata, oltre che sulla copiosa memorialistica a stampa italiana e francese, sulla documentazione d’archivio della Secrétairerie d’état impériale (Archives Nationales di Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, Parigi), del Ministère de la Guerre francese (Service historique de la Défence, di Vincennes, Parigi) e del Ministero della Guerra del Regno d’Italia (Archivio di Stato di Milano).
Dal punto di vista dei risultati è stato possibile verificare come l’esercito italiano abbia rappresentato, per Bonaparte, uno strumento duttile e di facile impiego, pur in un contesto di sostanziale marginalità numerica complessiva di fronte alle altre (e cospicue) forze messe in campo da parte dell’Impero e dei suoi altri Stati satellite e alleati. Per quanto riguarda la campagna di conquista della Catalogna è stato invece possibile appurare il fondamentale contributo dato dal contingente italiano, sotto i punti di vista operazionale e tattico, per la buona riuscita dell’invasione; questo primariamente grazie alle elevate caratteristiche generali mostrate dallo stesso, ma anche per peculiarità disciplinari e organizzative che resero i corpi italiani adatti a operazioni particolarmente aggressive.The Italian Army and the Conquest of Catalonia (1808-1811) A Study of Military Effectiveness in Napoleonic Europe Academic Fields and Disciplines SPS/03 – M-STO/02 The research has the purpose of reconstruct and evaluate the military effectiveness of the Italian Army existed under the reign of Napoleon I. Firstly through a statistic and strategic analysis of the development, and the following deployment, of the military institution of the Kingdom of Italy in the years of its existence (1805-14). Afterwards, a particularly significant case study was chosen, as the campaign of Catalonia (1808-11, in the context of the Peninsular War), in order to assess the operational and tactical contribution of the regiments sent by the Government of Milan and their integration in the overall military apparatus of the First Empire. The thesis wanted to respond to the lack of studies on the Italian army’s behavior in war and, at the same time, to introduce the methodology of the Military Effectiveness Studies (of British and American origin and, by now, enriched by a thirty-year old tradition) in the Italian historiography. The research is primarily based, besides the numerous memoirs of the Italian and French veterans, on the archive documentation of the Secrétairerie d’état impériale (Archives Nationales of Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, Paris), of the French Ministère de la Guerre (Service historique de la Défence, of Vincennes, Paris) and of the Italian Ministero della Guerra (Archivio di Stato di Milano). About the results, it has been verified how the Italian army has become a flexible and suitable instrument for Bonaparte, albeit in a context of substantial overall numerical marginality in comparison to the heterogeneous forces available to the Empire and its others satellites and allied states. Regarding the campaign of Catalonia, instead, it was possible to ascertain the fundamental contribution of the Italian regiments, in an operational and tactical perspective, for the success of the invasion. This was primarily due to the excellent general characteristics shown by the expeditionary force, but also to disciplinary and organizational peculiarities that have made the Italian corps suitable for particularly aggressive operations.
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GÖHDE, Ferdinand Nicolas. "Foreign soldiers in the risorgimento and anti-risorgimento : a transnational military history of Germans in the Italian armed groups, 1834-1870." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/33052.
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Defence date: 3 October 2014Examining Board: Professor Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, supervisor (European University Institute); Professor Lucy Riall (European University Institute); Professor Catherine Brice (Université Paris-Est Créteil); Professor Oliver Janz (Freie Universität Berlin).
This thesis compares the motives, experiences and practices of Germans in the Papal, Bourbon and Garibaldian armed groups. It shows how solidarity was, on all political sides, increasingly conceptualized as an act by and between nations and argues that political mobilization did not necessarily directly inform the single enlistment. Recruitment activities not only combined mercenary traditions with new forms of communication and association, but they also overlapped, leading many to change between armed groups. The study provides the first in-depth statistical analysis of these Germans based on soldiers’ registers, contextualizing it with transnational soldiering across Europe; not only did Germans stay in the regular armies for quite long periods, but previous and later enlistments in other armies were common - this also holds true for the "German" Garibaldians. Examining hitherto neglected economic incentives, the study demonstrates the plurality of political, cultural, economic and professional motives of single soldiers, thus blurring the lines of the opposition between the militarily inexperienced political war volunteer and the mercenary that is so central to the polemics of the time and "new Risorgimento historiography". Based on legal sources and soldiers’ reports, the study analyses the every-day life of Germans in the Italian armed groups in terms of a culturally revived "new military history", and is particularly attentive to issues of masculinity. The different institutional contexts the Germans were placed in - e.g. foreigners’ corps, ministries - informed differing experiences. In contrast to the multi-national make-up of many corps, imagery of national grouping progressively superseded formal military structures, resulting in continuous comparisons of corps and nationalities and increases in "nationalizing" experiences. This goes counter to the image of foreign commitment in Italy as a cosmopolitan experience and an a priori positive understanding of the "transnational". Hence, the role of foreign soldiers was crucial for the "military" Risorgimento and "revirilization".
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TROMBETTA, Simona. "Dei delitti e delle donne : criminalità femminile e internamento nell'Italia dell'Ottocento." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/6006.
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Examining board: Prof. Peter Becker (Istituto Universitario Europeo) ; Prof. Mario Da Passano (Università degli Studi di Sassari) ; Prof. Olwen Hufton (Merton College, Oxford), Supervisor ; Prof. Edith Saurer (Universität Wien)Defence date: 16 September 2002
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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CAGLIOTI, Daniela Luigia. "Il guadagno difficile : commercianti e artigiani napoletani nella seconda meta dell'800." Doctoral thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5806.
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Defence date: 9 October 1992Examining board: Prof. Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, IUE ; Prof. Daniel Roche, Paris I (supervisore esterno) ; Prof. Raffaele Romanelli, Università di Pisa ; Prof. Robert Rowland (supervisore) ; Prof. Pasquale Villani, Università di Napoli
First made available online: 16 October 2015
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VLAMI, Despina. "Business, community, and ethnic identity : the Greek merchants of Livorno, 1700-1900." Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/6008.
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Defence date: 28 May 1996Examining board: Angiolini Franco, University of Pisa (supervisor) ; Delille Gerard, EUI ; Dertilis George University of Athens (co-supervisor) ; Papataxiarhis Efthimios, University of Aegean, Rowland Robert ISCTE Lisbon
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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ALAIMO, Aurelio. "Amministrazione comunale e organizzazione della citta a Bologna dopo l'Unita (1859-1889)." Doctoral thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5702.
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Defence date: 2 February 1988Examining board: Prof. Peter Hertner, I.U.E., Firenze (supervisor) ; Prof. Paolo Macry, Università di Napoli ; Prof. Carlo Poni, Università di Bologna ; Prof. Marcel Roncayolo, E.H.E.S.S., Parigi ; Prof. Ettore Rotelli, I.S.A.P., Milano; Università di Bologna
First made available online 26 August 2015
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PAZZAGLI, Rossano. "Scuole d'agricoltura e poderi sperimentali : agronomia, istruzione e progresso tecnico nella prima metà dell'800." Doctoral thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5933.
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BOVA, Francesca. "Multinazionalizzazione e immigrazione :I differenti modelli di insediamento dell'imprenditoria estera nell'industria cotoniera italiana (1860-1910)." Doctoral thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5719.
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Defence date: 28 October 1993Examining board: Prof. Peter Hertner (supervisor) ; Prof. Giulio Sapelli ; prof. Albert Carreras ; Prof. François Bergier ; Prof. Giorgio Mori
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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KUCK, Gerhard. "Italienische Wege zum Sozialismus : Sozialismus- und Kommunismuskonzepte im Risorgimento (1765-1857)." Doctoral thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5865.
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BERTAUX, Sandrine. "Entre ordre social et ordre racial : constitution et développement de la démographie en France et en Italie, de la fin du XIXe siècle à la fin des années cinquante." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5725.
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Defence date: 17 September 2002Examining board: Victoria De Grazia, Columbia University ; Rémi Lenoir, Université Paris 1 ; Luisa Passerini, Institut Universitaire Européen (directrice de thèse) ; Peter Wagner, Institut Universitaire Européen
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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SCHRAM, Albert. "The impact of railways : growth and development in the northern Italian economy 1856-1884." Doctoral thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5972.
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Defence date: 24 November 1994Examining Board: Prof. Albert Carreras (supervisor, European University Institute) ; Prof. Richard Griffiths (co-supervisor, European University Institute) ; Prof. Peter Hertner (European University Institute) ; Prof. Jeffrey Williamson (Harvard University) ; Prof. Vera Zamagni (University of Bologna)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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TROILO, Simona. "Patrimonio : il bene storico e l'identità locale nell'Italia centrale (1860-1909)." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/6005.
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Defence date: 26 January 2004Examining board: Prof. Heinz-Gerard Haupt, IUE ; Prof.ssa Luisa Passerini (supervisor), Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut, Essen - Università di Torino) ; Prof. Raffaele Romanelli, Università "La Sapeinza", Roma ; Prof. Salvatore Settis, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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WILKING, Susanne. "Die Volksschullehrerinnen und ihre Organisationen in Italien von 1860 bis zum ersten Weltkrieg." Doctoral thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/26201.
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LE, CHENE Monique. "Famille et patrimoine dans un village de montagne d'Italie du Sud (19e et debut 20e siecles) : les successeurs-heritiers masculins a Greci (Campanie)." Doctoral thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5878.
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Defence date: 26 September 1997Examining board: Prof. George Augustins, Université Paris X ; Prof. Giovanni Levi, Université de Venise ; Prof. Gérard Delille, IUE ; Prof. Robert Rowland, ISCTE, Lisbonne (superviseur)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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SOLARI, Gabriella. "Produzione e circolazione del libro evangelico nell'Italia del secondo Ottocento : la casa editrice Claudiana e i circuiti popolari della stampa religiosa." Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5979.
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Defence date: 7 December 1996Examining Board: Prof. Laurence Fontaine, Istituto Universitario Europeo ; Prof. Piero Innocenti, Università degli studi, Viterbo ; Prof. Dominique Julia, Ecole des hautes études, Parigi (supervisor) ; Prof. Daniel Roche, Université de Paris I ; Prof. Carlo Maria Simonetti, Università degli studi, Potenza
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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BIGARAN, Mariapia. "Il governo municipale a Trento tra '800 e '900 :ordinamenti, gruppi sociali, politiche." Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5722.
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Defence date: 1 March 1996Examining board: Prof. Christof Dipper (Technische Hochschule Darmstadt) ; Prof. Peter Hertner, supervisor (Universitaet Halle-Wittenberg) ; Prof. Brigitte Mazchl-Walling (Universitaet Innsbruck) ; Prof. Raffaele Romanelli, co-supervisor (IUE, Firenze) ; Prof. Fabio Rugge (Università di Pavia)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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MAITTE, Corine. "Le monde textile de Prato : XVIIIe - XIXe siècles." Doctoral thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5890.
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Defence date: 18 February 1994Examining board: M. Aymard (Maison des Sciences de l'Homme - external supervisor) ; A. Carreras (Institut Universitaire Européen) ; P. Deyon (Prof. émérite Université de Lille III) ; G. Gayot (Université de Lille III) ; P. Malanima (Università di Pisa) ; S.J. Woolf (University of ESSEX - supervisor)
First made available online: 2 August 2016
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TASCA, Luisa. "Galatei : buone maniere e cultura borghese nell'Italia dell'Ottocento." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5992.
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Defence date: 16 December 2002Examining board: Giovanni Levi, Università di Venezia ; Luisa Passerini, European University Institute (supervisor) ; Raffaele Romanelli, European University Institute ; Edith Saurer, Universität Wien
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
Le buone maniere non rappresentano vuote formalità o regole fini a se stesse, ma sono rivelatrici di rapporti, conflitti e contesti che riguardano la società nella sua totalità e che aiutano a rileggerne e interpretarne le complesse dinamiche. Nel corso dell'Ottocento furono pubblicati in Italia oltre 400 galatei, il cui studio è fondamentale per comprendere a fondo il XIX secolo. I galatei furono infatti uno degli strumenti con i quali le èlites dell'Italia risorgimentale e post-unitaria organizzarono schemi utili a ordinare il "corpo sociale" secondo modelli più gerarchici che democratici, più tesi alla disciplina che non fiduciosi nel libero protagonismo della società civile.
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KLINGER, William. "Negotiating the nation : Fiume, from autonomism to state making (1848-1924)." Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/10434.
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Defence date: 23 November 2007Examining Board: Prof. Raffaele Romanelli, La Sapienza University, Rome ; Prof. Marina Cattaruzza, University of Bern ; Prof. Drago Roksandić, University of Zagred ; Prof. Heinz Gerhard Haupt, EUI-HEC
This thesis is made available in Open Access in October 2018 as requested and wanted by the family of the author who tragically was killed on 31 January 2015. It is his family’s desire that the author’s research is open and available to all.
no abstract available
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KAMISSEK, Christoph. "Transnationaler Militarismus : Politische Generationen deutscher Offiziere zwischen militärischen Internationalismus und imperialer Nation (1770-1870)." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/32122.
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Defence date: 25 June 2014Examining Board: Professor Sebastian Conrad, Freie Universität Berlin Professor Dirk Moses, EUI Professor Ulrike von Hirschhausen, Universität Rostock Professor Robert Gerwarth, University College Dublin.
Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht einen lange Zeit unhinterfragten Gemeinplatz in der deutschen Militär- und Kolonialgeschichte: die späte Verwirklichung eines geeinten Nationalstaates habe nicht nur die deutsche Zivilgesellschaft, sondern auch das deutsche Militär bis in das späte 19. Jahrhundert von der Entdeckung aussereuropäischer Gebiete als mögliche professionelle Einsatzfelder abgehalten und so das deutsche Offizierkorps lange Zeit von imperialen Phantasien unberührt und unerfahren in den Herausforderungen kolonialer Kriegführung belassen. Tatsächlich reichte die Beteiligung deutscher Soldaten an imperialen Auseinandersetzungen jedoch bis in die Zeit der amerikanischen Revolution zurück. Der Wunsch nach Gleichberechtigung mit anderen expandierenden Ländern wie Grossbritannien, Frankreich oder Russland war seitdem nicht nur in kleineren deutschen Staaten mit einer Tradition imperialen Kriegsdienstes "unter fremden Fahnen" weit verbreitet. Auch in Preussen zirkulierten Phantasien eines deutschen Kriegszuges nach Indien bereits in der Zeit der napoleonischen Besatzung. Seitdem entwickelten Generationen deutscher Offiziere immer wieder Visionen eines deutschen Kolonialreiches, ein Wunsch, der insbesondere in längeren Friedensperioden in Europa virulent wurde. Besondere jüngere, gebildete und ambitionierte Offiziere aus elitären Regimentern sahen in imperialen Unternehmungen ihre Chance auf ruhmreiche Bewährung im Krieg. Bei einer Reihe von bisher weitgehend unbekannten Gelegenheiten nahmen diese auch aktiv an den kolonialen Kampagnen anderer Mächte teil. Die Arbeit untersucht daneben auch die Gründe, warum dieser Strang militärischen Denkens und Handelns lange Zeit marginalisiert wurde: die Verwirklichung imperialer Projekte schien gerade aus militärischen Gründen einen vereinigten Nationalstaat zu erfordern, eine Forderung, die Offiziere politisch verdächtig machte und die imperiale Fraktion innerhalb des deutschen Offizierkorps lange Zeit isolierte und in den Untergrund trieb. Als das deutsche Kaiserreich gegen Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts jedoch schliesslich tatsächlich in den Kreis der Kolonialmächte eintrat, war dessen Militär keineswegs vollständig unvorbereitet, sondern konnte auf ein zwar wechselhaftes, jedoch lange zurückreichendes und bisweilen intensives theoretisches und praktisches imperiales Engagement zurückblicken.
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Buck, Allison. "An investigation of the influence of central Italian folk music on composers' use of bassoon in select symphonic and large chamber works of the nineteenth century." 2013. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1738074.
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This study has investigated the influence of Central Italian folk music in select
compositions of Ottorino Respighi, Peter Tchaikovsky, Felix Mendelssohn, and Jean
Sibelius. Through the titles of these pieces, one can infer that they were influenced by the
composer living in Italy, or visiting, on holiday. This study also includes a brief history of
the serenade, from the traditional Italian folk practice to Antonín Dvořák’s treatment of
the more modern 19th-century genre. A review of the evolution of the state of
ethnomusicology in Italy, including discussion of art and folk-music instruments, poetry,
carnevale, and processions within the region of Italy is included. Further, I provide
information on tonal and instrumental characteristics and specific folk dances to aid in
the investigation of the treatment of folk melodies within 19th-century pieces. The result
of this research not only provides a more accurate interpretation of stylistic issues when
19th-century works containing Italian folk-music attributes are performed, but also the
knowledge that the title of a piece does not necessarily indicate a musical significance.
Some works exhibit a direct musical influence while others are “Italian” in name only.School of Music
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FINALDI, Giuseppe. "Italy's culture of colonialism and the Prima Guerra d'Africa." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5777.
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Defence date: 24 January 2003Examining Board: Prof. Nicola Labanca, Università di Siena; Prof. John MacKenzie, University of Lancaster; Prof. Jonathan Morris, University College, London; Prof. Raffaele Romanelli, European University Institute (supervisor)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
Italy’s attempt to become a colonial power in the years before the opening o f the twentieth century floundered badly on the battle-field of Adowa. After such great expenditure of resources, both human and material, what was left behind were a few strips of barren land on the edges of the Hom of Africa. These offered very few prospects for the settlement of Italy’s vast “excess population” and were almost bereft of commercial possibilities without investments on a scale Italy could hardly contemplate. But if Ferdinando Martini had been packed off to Eritrea to preserve the colony by making Italy “cease to remember it”, the defeat of Adowa and, more generally, the vicissitudes of the Prima Guerra d ’Africa remained densely embedded in Italian consciousness. It is true that when Martini was asked to send something that could adequately represent Italy’s colonies at the Paris Exhibition of 1900 he sighed bitterly that there was nothing except “delle ossa di morto, dei piani di battaglia sbagliati, o delle lunghe note di somme buttate via” 1, but he could also have added that Italy’s wars in Africa had produced a whole set of iconic images, a data-base of heroic events and memories, that had a significant place in newly united Italy’s self-image and in its quest for the assumption of a vital and central role in a Europe that was abandoning liberal nationalism for expansionism and imperialism. The ideal of La Grande Italia was tight in its Risorgimento guise but the quest for empire in Africa had at least given the Italy of prose some significant moments of poetry.
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HIPPLER, Thomas. "Citizenship and discipline : popular arming and military service in revolutionary france and reform Prussia (1789-1830)." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5836.
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Defence date: 9 December 2002Examining board: Prof. Étienne Balibar, Université Paris-X, Nanterre ; Prof. Peter Becker, European University Institute, Florence ; Prof. Annie Crépin, Université d'Artois, Arras ; Prof. Bo Stråth, European University Institute, Florence (Supervisor)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
Le service militaire obligatoire repose sur une contradiction. En tant que mode privilégié de la participation du citoyen aux affaires de la cité, il est à la fois élément et garant de sa liberté politique. En tant qu'institution disciplinaire, il le soumet à un système coercitif et l'isole de la société civile. La nationalisation de la force armée par la conscription introduit donc une tension irréductible entre citoyenneté et discipline, et pose concrètement le problème de la liberté politique. Egalitaire dans son principe, le service militaire ne concerne pourtant que la frange masculine de la population, l'absence des femmes dans l'armée répondant à leur exclusion des droits civiques. L'universalité de l'obligation se trouve par ailleurs contrecarrée par les stratégies de certains groupes sociaux pour négocier des conditions favorables. Plutôt que d'opposer le modèle de conscription républicaine à la française au militarisme prussien, cet ouvrage s'attache à montrer comment la Prusse a répondu de manière dialectique à l'institution révolutionnaire de la violence de masse. La Révolution française et la Réforme prussienne sont ainsi appréhendées comme deux moments d'un processus intrinsèquement transnational. Cet ouvrage entend mettre à l'épreuve de l'Histoire le problème politique tel que l'ont formulé Rousseau et Kant, en s'appuyant sur des sources officielles, des autobiographies, lettres, chansons, conçues comme des articulations subjectives de la modernité politique.