Academic literature on the topic 'Italians – Belgium'

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Journal articles on the topic "Italians – Belgium"

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ZAVATTARO, M., C. SUSANNE, and M. VERCAUTEREN. "INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND BIODEMOGRAPHICAL BEHAVIOUR: A STUDY OF ITALIANS IN BELGIUM." Journal of Biosocial Science 29, no. 3 (July 1997): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932097003453.

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This paper describes the matrimonial and reproductive behaviour of Italians who migrated to Belgium after the Second World War. Migrants were either already married, or later became married, to other Italians. Among the children of migrants, men equally chose Italian or Belgian wives but women tended to prefer Italian partners. Italian-Belgian marriages were more frequent among the better educated groups. Family size is smaller among migrants marrying after migration and in heterogamous marriages. Significant differences in birth intervals are found when marriage occurred before or after migration, between generations, and between homogamous and heterogamous marriages.
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Beyers, Leen. "From Class to Culture: Immigration, Recession, and Daily Ethnic Boundaries in Belgium, 1940s–1990s." International Review of Social History 53, no. 1 (April 2008): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859007003331.

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Each society has myths about the successful adaptation of former migrants. Historians need to deconstruct these myths by dealing with the imagined boundaries between “indigenous” and “foreign” people that give way to them. This essay does so by comparing how children of Polish interwar immigrants and children of Italian postwar immigrants came to be seen as insiders in the Belgian Limburg mining region. Oral testimonies, associational records, and population data reveal that Poles achieved the status of industrious, adapted people around 1960, due to the equal promotion of Polish and indigenous miners' sons in the mines and to the labour migration regime which constructed Italians as unskilled outsiders. Around 1980, the industrial recession caused unemployment among young Italians. However, migration politics has, since the recession, primarily focused on culture. Moreover, European legislation constructed foreignness as non-European. Consequently, it is not class, but European culture which has turned Italians into “integrated” people.
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Scioli1, Giuseppe A., José A. Carmona-Torres, Alex Paniccia, Andrea Battista, Ilaria Cavicchia, and Rachel M. Bishar. "A study on the perception of the stigma related to drug use in a sample of Italians and Belgians." Psychology, Society, & Education 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/psye.v7i1.536.

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ABSTRACT: The goal of the present study has been to exploratorily analyse the possible differences in perceived stigma on drug use between a sample of students and health services workers from Italy and Belgium. The Perceived Stigma of Addiction Scale (PSAS) (Luoma, Hair, Kohlenberg, Hayes, and Fletcher, 2010) was used. A total of 277 participants took part in this study. Outcomes showed that the perceived stigma among Italians was signifi- cantly higher (M = 23.68) than that reported by Belgians (M = 20.26). Authors argued that many factors (e.g., social, cultural, etc.) may explain the differences obtained. On the other hand, the existence of a stigma circuit (Scioli and Paniccia), which would share some similarities with the anxiety circuit, seems to trap the person in a vicious cycle of events that would make the relapse from addiction harder. The limitations and scope of the obtained results in the frame of this ex- ploratory study is discussed.Un estudio sobre la percepción del estigma asociado al consumo de drogas en una muestra de italianos y no italianosRESUMEN: El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido analizar de manera exploratoria las posibles diferencias en el estigma percibido asociado al consumo de drogas entre una muestra de estudiantes y trabajadores de los servicios de salud procedentes de Italia y Bélgica. Para este propósito, se utilizó el Perceived Stigma of Addiction Scale (PSAS) (Luoma, Hair, Kohlenberg, Hayes, y Fletcher, 2010). Un total de 277 participantes tomaron parte en este estudio. Los resultados mostraron que el estigma percibido entre los italianos fue significativamente mayor (M = 23.68) que el informado por la muestra de Bélgica (M = 20.26). Los autores argumentan que varios factores (e.g., sociales, culturales, etc.) explicarían las diferencias obtenidas. Por otro lado, la existencia de un circuito del estigma (Scioli y Paniccia), el cual compartiría ciertas similitudes con el circuito de la ansiedad, parece atrapar a la persona en un círculo vicioso de eventos que haría más difícil la recuperación de la adicción. Se discuten las limitaciones y el alcance de los resultados obtenidos en el marco del presente estudio exploratorio.
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Marzo, Stefania. "Rethinking italiano popolare for Heritage Italian." Quaderni d'italianistica 36, no. 2 (July 27, 2016): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v36i2.26905.

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This article questions the long-standing assumption that heritage Italian can be characterized as italiano popolare on account of a number of similar non-standard features. It is argued that this is a problematic comparison due to some methodological lacunae in research into heritage Italian and that a systematic corpus-based analysis is needed in order to reveal its underlying sociolinguistic dynamics. This study focuses on a corpus of Italian spoken by the Italian community in Flanders (the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium) and presents a multivariate analysis of a set of morphosyntactic simplification features that have been labelled as typical of italiano popolare. It will be shown that the features of heritage Italian clearly correlate to a set of traditional language contact variables (e.g., contact with the home language and intergenerational transmission). This variation pattern shows that heritage Italian can no longer be connected to italiano popolare in the original sense of the term (viz. an interlanguage or diastratically lower regional Italian).
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Esherick, Joseph W. "The Origins of the Boxer War: A Multinational Study. By Lanxin Xiang. [London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003. xvii +382 pp. $80.00. ISBN 0-7007-1563-0.]." China Quarterly 176 (December 2003): 1110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741003370638.

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This old-fashioned political and diplomatic history of the conflict between the Qing court and foreign powers in 1900 makes a significant, if not always convincing, contribution to our understanding of the Boxer troubles. Arguing that previous studies have been flawed by an excessive focus on “the so-called ‘Boxer Rebellion’ ” (p. vii), this book focuses on how the Qing court came to declare war on the foreign powers in June of 1900. Its close analysis of court politics and actions of the foreign diplomatic corps in Beijing makes excellent use of archival records from Belgium, China, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, and the United States plus published documents from Russia and Japan – an impressive research accomplishment that adds an important new dimension to our understanding this critical moment in modern Chinese history.In four chapters tracing the background to the Boxer incident, Xiang argues that the death of Prince Gong in 1898 deprived the Qing court of a critical balancing figure. When southern reformers overplayed their hand in the 1898 reforms, the Empress Dowager responded in a coup that brought an incompetent group of ultra-conservative Manchu princelings to power. At the same time, a new kind of imperialism representing an “unholy alliance” of nationalist elites, commercial interests and Christian missionaries threatened China with the scramble for concessions. Xiang is particularly effective in describing the catch-up imperialism of Germany, spurred by the erratic Catholic bishop Anzer, and the “theatrical performance” of the Italians, whose rebuff by the Qing court emboldened the conservative princes.
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Deschouwer, Kris. "Waiting for 'The big one' : The uncertain survival of the Belgian Parties and Party Systems(S)." Res Publica 38, no. 2 (June 30, 1996): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v38i2.18636.

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The Belgian party system is aften considered to be or to have been very stable. This article investigates the possibility of the Belgian parties and party systems to 'go Italian ', i.e. to be confronted with a radicial change resulting from a fundamental lack of legitimacy. This problem of legitimation can be expected from the fact that Belgium is a very consociational democracy, in which the parties play a very important role, but tend to become very entangled with the state. The split of the national parties and the federal reform of the state have made the decision-making structures even more complex than before, and have therefore not at all reduced the 'partitocratic' nature of the system. For these reasons a future Italian-style collapse of the parties and the party systems is certainly not to be excluded.
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Buzás, György Miklós. "Helicobacter pylori – 2012." Orvosi Hetilap 153, no. 36 (September 2012): 1407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2012.29443.

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The author overviews some aspects of literature data of the past 2 years. Genetic research has dentified polymorphisms of Helicobacter pylori virulence factors and the host which could play a role in the clinical outcome of the infection (peptic ulcer or gastric cancer). So far they have been performed in research centers but with a decrease of costs, they will take their place in diagnosing the diseaes and tailoring the treatment. Antibiotic resistance is still growing in Southern European countries and is decreasing in Belgium and Scandinavia. Currently, the clarithromycin resistance rate is of 17–33% in Budapest and levofloxacin resistance achieved 27%. With careful assessment of former antibiotic use the resistance to certain antibiotics can be avoided and the rates of eradication improved. Immigration is a growing problem worldwide: according to Australian, Canadian and Texan studies, the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori is much higher in the immigrant groups than in the local population. An Italian study showed that the eradication rate of triple therapy is significantly lower in the Eastern European immigrants than in the Italians. A recent research has suggested a link between female/male infertility, habitual abortion and Helicobacter pylori infection. However, there are no published data or personal experience to show whether successful eradication of the virus in these cases is followed by successful pregnancies or not. The author overviews the Maastricht process and analyzes the provisions of the Maastricht IV/Florence consensus, in which the new diagnostic algorithms and indications of eradication therapy are reformulated according to the latest levels of evidence and recommendation grading. According to the “test and treat” strategy, either the urea breath test or the stool monoclonal antigen test are recommended as a non-invasive diagnostic method in primary care. Endoscopy is still recommended in case of alarm symptoms, complicated ulcer, or if there is a suspicion of malignancy or MALT lymphoma. Local resistance to clarithromycin and levofloxacin should be considered in the choice of first-line therapy, in case of levels >15–20% these compounds should not be used. In regions with low resistance rates, classical triple therapy remains the regimen of choice; its alternative is the bismuth-based quadruple therapy. Determining antimicrobial resistance is justified after failed second- or third-line therapies; where available, molecular methods (fluorescence in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction) should be used. As second/third line treatments, the sequential, bismuth-based quadruple, concomitant quadruple regimens, hybrid are all possible alternatives. The Hungarian diagnostic and therapeutic approach in practice is different in some aspects from the provisions of the European consensus. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1407–1418.
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Vander Mijnsbrugge, Kristine, Marc Schouppe, Stefaan Moreels, Yorrick Aguas Guerreiro, Laura Decorte, and Marie Stessens. "Influence of Water Limitation and Provenance on Reproductive Traits in a Common Garden of Frangula alnus Mill." Forests 13, no. 11 (October 22, 2022): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13111744.

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Drought periods during the growing season will increase and intensify in Western Europe due to climate change. To better understand the consequences for woody perennials, we restricted watering of potted cuttings of Frangula alnus Mill. in a common garden setting in Belgium during the growing season of 2020. We focused on the responses of three provenances (Belgian, Italian and Swedish) for several reproductive traits in the year of the water limitation. F. alnus, as a shrub species, bears fruits fast. It can blossom on current season’s growth and can therefore produce ripened berries continuously during several months. The total berry count across the whole growing season was much lower in the water-limited plants, independent of the provenance. The local Belgian provenance produced more ripened berries in total than the Italian and Swedish provenances, both in the water-limited plants as in the control plants. Maximal berry production occurred in July. The control plants from the Belgian and Italian provenances displayed a second lower maximum in August. Mainly the Swedish provenance displayed a clear advancement of the maximum berry production among the water-limited plants in comparison to the control plants. Slight differences were detected in the average stone count per berry and in the average stone weight, with both traits displaying a single maximum through time. The Swedish provenance displayed the highest average stone count per berry and the Belgian provenance had the lightest average stone weight, both likely attributable to local adaptation. Remarkably, both stone traits were not affected by the water limitation. Results are discussed in the context of several drought response mechanisms including drought escape, drought avoidance, compensation growth, growth/reproduction trade-off and seed size/number trade-off.
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Foubert, Petra, Alexander Maes, and Michelle Wilms. "Qualitative employment relationships for Ph.D. students in the EU?" European Labour Law Journal 11, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2031952519900995.

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This contribution intends to shed light on the working conditions of Belgian and Italian Ph.D. students, from the angle of EU law. In Belgium these (mostly young) researchers can be recruited either as ‘Ph.D. fellows’ or ‘teaching assistants’. Ph.D. fellows have a student-like status: they touch a fellowship exempt from personal income tax. However, social contributions are being withheld, for them to enjoy social security benefits and build up pension rights. Teaching assistants have an employee-like position: they receive a salary which is subject to personal income tax as well as to social security contributions. In Italy, Ph.D. students have a standard student-like status, comparable to Belgian Ph.D. fellows. The working hypothesis is that the pressure that (Belgian) universities experience to speed up research efforts (and outcomes) does not necessarily lead to qualitative (employment) relationships but may, instead, create some sort of precarious work. In light of the recent work-life balance Directive, this contribution will illustrate the differences in status with regard to paternity and parental leave.
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Clycq, Noel. "‘I’m a genuine Italian, but not a genuine Italian’: Complex and shifting strategies of ethnic and moral boundary making in the narratives of Italian minority parents in Flanders." Current Sociology 67, no. 3 (October 31, 2018): 365–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392118807521.

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It is well-documented in (ethnic) identity research that individuals to a large extent construct an identity they feel comfortable with. However, this is not an easy task and one’s identity is, for some more than for others, under constant pressure to be reflected upon and reconstructed. At the same time many individuals often feel that there is a core element in their (ethnic) identity that does not change and remains stable. Based upon 13 in-depth interviews with Italian origin parents in Flanders, this article discusses what might be a constant mechanism underlying identification processes for this group of individuals: the presentation of the self as morally good and valuable. However, to be able to do this, the Italian origin participants in this study have to develop a variety of sometimes contradictory strategies. In a Flemish society where their Italian ethnicity is not questioned or problematized, the participants seem very keen to underline how ethnically different from the Flemish-Belgian majority they are. Yet, at other times they present themselves as much more similar to this majority group when discussing other minority groups, in particular Muslims. However, the most striking group reconstruction occurs when participants use the example of ‘genuine Italians’ to differentiate themselves from a specific group of Italians, while at the same time stressing they are genuine Italians themselves. When studying these various strategies from the perspective of presentation of the self as morally good and valuable, it becomes clear why these seemingly contradictory strategies do not at all feel contradictory to the participants. The findings show how strong the need for such a recognition of the self is.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Italians – Belgium"

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Cumoli, Flavia. "Periferie e mondi operai: immigrazione, spazi sociali e ambiti culturali negli anni '50." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210345.

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Notre thèse analyse le rapport entre pratiques sociales d’intégration d’immigrés, modèles d’installation et processus de transformation de la morphologie urbaine dans deux études de cas qui se prêtent à une comparaison stimulante. D’un côté, nous avons le cas de l’émigration italienne interne vers un pole industriel de la banlieue métropolitaine milanaise (Sesto San Giovanni); de l’autre côté, celui de l’émigration italienne internationale dans une agglomération des bassins miniers wallons (La Louvière). Il s’agit de deux contextes d’insertion fort différents du point de vue de la morphologie sociale et de l’organisation territoriale, qui profilent des espaces hybrides entre rural et urbain en profonde et rapide transformation, à cause des flux massifs de la main d’œuvre immigrée. Ces différences nous permettent de mettre à l’épreuve de l’analyse comparée les conceptions sociologiques et les parcours historiques de l’intégration, du tissu sociale qui en est à la base, de la citoyenneté, de la construction d’identités collectives, afin de dépasser les dichotomies stéréotypées entre rural/urbain, tradition/modernité, intégration/conflit, migration interne/internationale.

La thèse développe une analyse parallèle des deux études de cas en suivant un fil argumentatif unitaire, qui s’ouvre avec une enquête sur les flux migratoires et les contextes d’accueil des migrations. Dans les deux premiers chapitres nous avons analysé le contexte économique, social et territorial dans lequel s’inscrivent les processus migratoires. Pour le cas belge, nous avons analysé le cycle de l’industrie charbonnière, le processus de dépopulation de la Wallonie et les mécanismes qui règlent les flux, c'est-à-dire une migration contractée par les deux gouvernements. En ce qui concerne le cas milanais, nous avons tracé les contours de la très rapide urbanisation, qui a conduit toute une série de communes limitrophes à Milan à entrer dans l’orbite métropolitaine et à se qualifier comme des pôles périphériques.

Après avoir tracé les contours du cadre général, nous avons fait face, dans la deuxième partie, à la question plus spécifique du logement et des formes d’installations. Pour le cas louviérois, nous avons reconstruit les conditions de logement et la très difficile confrontation des premiers immigrés avec le monde du travail charbonnier, l’absence d’une initiative publique dans le secteur du logement jusqu’en 1954, faiblement compensé par l’initiative patronale, et la phase suivante des années 1950, qui a mené à la stabilisation des immigrés dans la région. De Sesto San Giovanni nous avons reconstruit la transition complexe vers la périphérie métropolitaine, à partir des installations rurales jusqu’aux politiques publiques locales et nationales de construction de grands ensembles, en soulignant comment cette intervention urbanistique était au centre d’un débat très vif sur l’aménagement du territoire, qui a débouché sur la création d’institutions administratives régionales. Dans la dernière partie de la recherche nous avons plutôt approfondi les aspects sociaux et culturels des parcours d’installation et d’intégration dans les deux tissus urbains. C’est en cette partie que nous avons utilisé davantage les sources orales, afin d’analyser les perceptions de soi, les mécanismes de construction de l’identité sociale et donc tous les changements que la migration, le rencontre avec la ville et l’industrie ont entraîné dans les organisations familiales, dans les perspectives de vie, les aspirations et les projets des migrants. À partir de l’analyse de ces parcours, dans le chapitre conclusif nous avons interrogé quelques catégories historiques et sociologiques classiques des études migratoires: d’abord le sens d’appartenance à la communauté d’origine et le développement d’un sens d’identité nationale, ensuite le processus de formation d’une solidarité de classe, qui dans les deux contextes a pris des formes sensiblement distinctes surtout par rapport aux différences dans la mémoire de l’expérience migratoire.


Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Baldi, Giada. "Una migrazione controllata : selezione e controllo politico dei migranti italiani in Belgio nel secondo dopoguerra (1946-1956)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100199.

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La thèse traite de l'émigration organisée italienne vers la Belgique pendant la première décennie du deuxième après-guerre (1946-1956) et, notamment, des "aspects politiques" du recrutement des travailleurs et du "contrôle politique" de leurs activités dans le pays de destination. Malgré l’origine principalement économique de ce phénomène migratoire, on s’est proposé de centrer le travail de recherche sur les questions d’ordre politique qui caractérisèrent l’administration de ce flux migratoire, liées soit aux deux contextes nationaux de départ et arrivée, soit à la conjoncture internationale de la Guerre froide. Les buts de la recherche ont donc été la reconsidération de l’entrecroisement de facteurs économiques et politiques dans la gestion de cet exode de travail, l’analyse des stratégies et des divergents intérêts politiques de l’Italie et de la Belgique, ainsi que l’examen de l’incidence concrète de ces questions politiques sur la vie des migrants. L’étude a été structurée en deux parties. Dans la première partie, on a analysé le système de recrutement des travailleurs en Italie et les opérations de sélection des candidats à l’émigration mises en œuvre par la Mission belge et par les autres fonctionnaires belges installés auprès du Centre d’émigration à Milan. Dans la deuxième partie, d’un côté on a analysé l’encadrement politique des migrants italiens en Belgique – au niveau de l’assistance et des services sociaux, du syndicalisme et de la presse destinée à la communauté italienne – et de l’autre côté, face à l’interdiction aux étrangers de faire de la politique, on a pris en considération la surveillance policière et les expulsions des Italiens du territoire belge
The thesis deals with the post-war Italian assisted migration to Belgium (1946-1956) and it is particularly focused on the "political aspects" of the selection of migrant workers and on the "political control" of their activities in the receiving country. Despite the economic origins of this migration flow, my intention was in fact to study all the political issues concerning the management of the phenomenon, with reference both to the two national contexts of departure and arrival, and to international political circumstances, marked by the Cold War. The principal aims of my research were, therefore, to reconsider the interconnection between economic and political factors; to delve into the divergent strategies and political interests of the two countries involved in organising such working exodus; and to examine the real implications of political questions on migrants’ lives. The dissertation is composed of two main parts. In the first part, I have examined the recruitment system implemented in Italy, as well as the selection of candidates carried out by the Belgian Commission and by other Belgian officials at the Migration Centre in Milan. In the second part, instead, I have studied the political control over Italian migrants with respect to associations, social care and services, trade unions and newspapers on the one hand, and on the other hand, I have taken into account police surveillance and expulsion measures related to the Belgian ban on foreigners getting into politics
La tesi tratta dell'emigrazione assistita italiana verso il Belgio nel primo decennio del secondo dopoguerra (1946-1956) e, in particolare, degli "aspetti politici" del reclutamento dei lavoratori migranti e del "controllo politico" delle loro attività nel Paese di destinazione. Nonostante la matrice essenzialmente economica dell’esodo lavorativo in esame, mi sono proposta di incentrare lo studio sulle questioni di natura politica che caratterizzarono l’amministrazione del flusso migratorio, legate tanto ai due contesti nazionali di partenza e di arrivo, quanto al contesto internazionale della Guerra fredda. La ricerca intendeva insomma riconsiderare l’intreccio tra fattori politici ed economici nell’organizzazione dell’emigrazione organizzata postbellica verso il Belgio, esaminare le strategie e gli interessi politici dei due Paesi coinvolti, nonché indagare il concreto impatto di tali questioni politiche sulle vite dei migranti. La trattazione si articola quindi in due parti. Nella prima parte ho analizzato il sistema di reclutamento dei lavoratori sul territorio italiano, oltre che le operazioni di selezione dei candidati all’emigrazione effettuate dalla Commissione belga e dai vari funzionari belgi presso il Centro di emigrazione di Milano. Nella seconda parte invece sono state prese in esame, da un lato, le strategie di "contenimento politico" della collettività italiana nel Royaume – nell’ambito dell’assistenza, dell’associazionismo, del sindacalismo e della stampa – dall’altro lato, la sorveglianza da parte della polizia belga e le espulsioni di immigrati italiani per motivi di ordine politico
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Pratelli, Elena. "L'emigrazione italiana in Belgio (1946-1956)." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14161/.

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In questa tesi prenderò in esame l’emigrazione degli italiani in Belgio nel decennio 1946-1956, rispettivamente l’anno della stipulazione dell’accordo italo-belga e della catastrofe di Marcinelle: in questo periodo 140.100 uomini italiani, talvolta raggiunti dalle loro famiglie, presero la via per le miniere belghe. La tesi è divisa in due capitoli: partenze e arrivi. Nel primo capitolo, mi propongo di ripercorrere le tappe che hanno segnato la partenza dei lavoratori italiani: partendo da una breve panoramica sulla situazione europea nel secondo dopoguerra, passo a definire le dinamiche che hanno portato i due paesi a stringere l’accordo italo-belga del 1946 e a illustrare come siano state realizzate le operazioni di reclutamento in Italia. Concludo il capitolo con una breve analisi dei flussi migratori. Nel secondo capitolo, tratto i traumi che hanno subito gli emigrati italiani una volta arrivati in Belgio, in particolare il lavoro nelle miniere e gli alloggi in cui si ritrovarono a vivere, a proposito dei quali apporto la testimonianza di Girolamo Santocono. Passo poi ad analizzare l’integrazione dei nostri connazionali con la popolazione locale, tenendo conto dell’influenza dei ricongiungimenti familiari; tratterò brevemente anche la partecipazione politica degli emigrati italiani. Inoltre, visto il mio percorso di studi, mi è sembrato interessante almeno accennare alle difficoltà linguistiche incontrate dagli espatriati italiani e all’istruzione dei loro figli. La catastrofe di Marcinelle nel 1956, di cui parlerò nella conclusione, rappresentò la fine di flussi costanti di minatori provenienti dall’Italia ma non l’arresto definitivo delle emigrazioni verso il Belgio che, seppur non più destinate al lavoro nelle miniere, sono un fenomeno ancora attuale e, oggi come ieri, motivato dalla speranza di trovare un futuro migliore.
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Casano, Nicoletta. "Les réseaux unissant francs-maçons et laïques belges et italiens de la fin du XIXe siècle jusqu'à la Deuxième guerre mondiale: prémisses et réalisation de l'accueil en Belgique des fuorusciti italiens." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209510.

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Ce travail vise à approfondir certains aspects de l’expérience des francs-maçons et laïques italiens qui ont été exilés en Belgique, suite à la persécution opérée contre eux par la dictature de Mussolini.

En effet, les premières associations qui ont été poursuivies légalement par le dictateur italien ont été les associations maçonniques et celles de la Libre Pensée. Jusqu’au il y a quelques années, l’historiographie ne pouvait pas analyser davantage les conséquences de cet exil, faute d’accès aux archives de ces associations.

À présent, il nous a été possible d’étudier cette documentation qui nous a permis de démontrer que certains francs-maçons et libres-penseurs italiens, qui ont pris la décision de quitter leur pays afin suite aux persécutions de la dictature, avaient été des exilés politiques et avaient trouvé asile dans certains pays européens grâce aux réseaux maçonniques et laïques qui y existaient déjà depuis la fin du XIXe siècle. La Belgique a été l’un de ces pays d’accueil, mais en outre elle avait été le pays où ces réseaux étaient nés et s’étaient le plus efficacement développés.

C’est cette généalogie des réseaux maçonniques et laïques qui nous a permis d’expliquer pour quelles raisons, même si la Belgique n’a pas été le principal pays d’accueil des exilés maçons et laïques italiens, un certain nombre d’entre eux y sont passés ou s’y sont installés avec l’aide de la Franc-maçonnerie et de la Libre pensée belges, pendant leur exil./

The aim of my research project is to investigate further into the experience of the Italian free-masons and free-thinkers who had to go on exile as a consequence of their persecution by the Mussolini dictatorship. As a matter of fact, the first associations to be persecuted by the Italian dictator were the free-mason and free-thinkers associations, but till few years ago, the contemporary historiography hadn’t really focused on the consequences of these actions because of the limited access to the Archives of these associations.

It was only at the beginning of this century that these documents were found and have been left at the disposal of the researchers.

The study of part of these documents allows me to demonstrate that these free-masons and free-thinkers who had taken the decision to leave their country, in order not to accept the dictatorship, were political emigrants and

that they found asylum in some European countries thanks to the free-mason and free-thinker networks that they had established since the end of 19th century. Belgium was one of these countries, but more importantly the one

where the relation networks concerned were born and developed.

This fact allows us to explain the reason why a lot of Italian free-masons and free-thinkers passed in Belgium or some of them lived. Even if Belgium wasn't the country to which the most of these people exiled.


Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Ganci, Elisa. "Comunisti e socialdemocratici a confronto. L'emigrazione italiana in Belgio (1946-1969)." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1588.

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ANALISI DELL'EMIGRAZIONE DEI LAVORATORI ITALIANI E DELLA LORO RAPPRESENTANZA POLITICA IN BELGIO TRA IL 1946 E IL 1969. STORIA DELLA FEDERAZIONE BELGA DEL PCI E DELLA SUA CLANDESTINITA', DAGLI ACCORDI ITALIA-BELGIO (UOMINI-CARBONE) DEL 1946, AL RICONOSCIMENTO DELLA PRIMA CELLULA BELGA DEL PCI. ANALISI DELLA RIVISTA COMUNISTA "LA VOCE" EDITA TRA IL 1960 E IL 1966.
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Boxhoorn, Abraham. "The cold war and the rift in the governments of national unity : Belgium, France and Italy in the spring of 1947 : a comparison /." Amsterdam : Historisch seminarium van de Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366730321.

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Agostinis, Sara <1996&gt. "The impact of Big Data on the audit profession. A research in the Italian and Belgian context." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17495.

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In the new era of digitalization and technological change, characterized by an increasingly complex and high-volume data environment, the rise of Big Data and Analytics has brought new possibilities, but also new challenges to auditors. Since the audit profession has been always perceived as “static”, due to the strongly regulated environment characterized by precise standards to follow and limited to less than 100% of the entity’s items, the use of new forms of analytics techniques has increased the chances to perform better audits. Hence, the aim of the research thesis is to provide a contribution to the literature on how Big Data and Big Data Analytics are transforming the audit profession, trying to understand to what extent their emergence have changed the audit profession and to recognize if they represent a big opportunity or an unforeseeable threat. The methodology used to perform the research is qualitative, based on semi-structured interviews made to some European auditors, belonging to different Big Four audit firms across Italy and Belgium. The interviews have been carried out via e-mail, mobile phone or via video call. What emerges from the experiences and insights given by the auditors interviewed partly confirms the general consent expressed by the literature: Big Data and Analytics have brought a significant change in the way of doing audit today, giving access to a higher amount of data (100% of population sample), ameliorating the quality of the audit evidence and of the service, reducing the risk of potential frauds. However, some threats that have been identified by the literature, for instance a problem of privacy deriving from the full access to the client’s data, or the integration of unstructured data in the audit procedures, seemed not to hamper the audit procedures, even though they were considered to be relevant. Eventually, the research aims at providing a different insights on the matter, focusing on the audit scenarios of two European countries, which from one side, are similar, as they are subject to the same international standards to follow, but from the other side, they could differ in their approach towards the recent technological revolution of auditing.
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Merlo, Jonathan-Olivier. "Diatopie et représentations linguistiques des enseignants de langue étrangère : regards croisés sur les enseignants de français en Italie et au Tessin et les enseignants d’italien en Belgique francophone, France et Suisse romande." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAL004/document.

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Quelle place accorder à la variation, en particulier diatopique, dans l’enseignement / apprentissage de la L2 ? Malgré une réflexion abondante et de longue date en Français langue étrangère, ou plus discrète en Italiano lingua straniera, l’introduction d’un discours variationnel de type sociolinguistique en classe de L2 reste encore aujourd’hui un exercice délicat, d’autant que l’évocation de la diatopie est un excellent déclencheur des opinions et des stéréotypes sur la langue. Partant de la notion de communauté linguistique comme communauté de normes partagées par l’ensemble des membres, on a considéré 3 types de contextes sociolinguistiques : 1. l’espace français, fortement monocentrique, et dont le modèle de langue largement diffus à travers l’Hexagone tend à la neutralité du point de vue diatopique, 2. l’espace francophone européen, hors Hexagone, en marge de la langue mais dans lequel on assiste malgré tout à l’émergence récente d’un lent phénomène d’auto-légitimation des communautés francophones périphériques, 3. l’Italie et le Tessin, puisque cette même dimension diatopique y constitue la toile de fond de l’italien contemporain et qu’elle est omniprésente dans les pratiques langagières de tout locuteur. Sachant que l’institution scolaire est le principal agent de reproduction, de diffusion et de reélaboration constante de l’idéologie linguistique du standard et de l’unilinguisme, on a voulu enquêter en direction des attitudes et des opinions des enseignants d’ILS en contexte francophone européen et de leurs collègues de FLE en contexte italophone. Un questionnaire a été réalisé en deux langues et a fait l’objet entre 2013 et 2014 d’une diffusion en ligne systématique auprès de tous les établissements scolaires de niveau équivalent lycée – gymnases, athénées, scuole superiori, etc. – de Belgique francophone, de France, de Suisse romande, d’Italie et du Canton du Tessin. Cette enquête, à laquelle plus de 1100 enseignants de FLE et d’ILS ont participé, a fourni un grand nombre de données ayant requis une analyse plusieurs étapes.On a d’abord pu comprendre dans quelle mesure l’appartenance de l’enseignant à un contexte sociolinguistique plus ou moins ouvert à la diatopie est susceptible d’influencer sa perception de cette variation et de ses propres pratiques didactiques. Ensuite, les informations recueillies nous ont permis de mieux appréhender la dialectique existant, au sein de l’imaginaire linguistique de la profession, entre vécu langagier individuel et adhésion à l’idéologie linguistique dominante du standard. Enfin, l’analyse et la confrontation des données quantitatives et textuelles ont permis de mettre finalement en évidence que les enseignants des différents contextes sociolinguistiques considérés partagent des représentations linguistiques tout à fait semblables mais surtout un seul et même imaginaire professionnel
Quale ruolo dare alla variazione, in particolare diatopica, nell’insegnamento / apprendimento della L2 ? Malgrado una riflessione abbondante e pluridecennale in Français langue étrangère o più discreta in Italiano lingua straniera, l’introduzione del discorso variazionale di tipo sociolinguistico in classe di L2 rimane a tutt’oggi assai delicata, tanto più che accennare alla diatopia permette di fatti di innescare dibattiti nei quali osservare opinioni e stereotipi sulla lingua. Partendo dalla nozione di comunità linguistica intesa come comunità di norme condivise da tutti i membri, abbiamo considerato 3 tipi di contesti sociolinguistici: 1. lo spazio francese, fortement monocentrico, il cui modello di lingua largamente diffuso all’interno dei confini dello Stato tende alla neutralità dal punto di vista diatopico; 2. lo spazio francofono europeo, fuori dalla Francia, ai margini della lingua sebbene vi si possa osservare in tempi recenti l’emergere di un lento fenomeno di auto-legittimazione delle comunità francofone periferiche; 3. l’Italia e il Ticino, dove la dimensione diatopica fa da sfondo al continuum dell’italiano contemporaneo ed è omnipresente negli usi linguistici quotidiani dei parlanti.Considerato che l’istituzione scolastica è il principale agente di riproduzione, diffusione e rielaborazione costante dell’ideologia dello standard e dell’unilinguisme, abbiamo voluto indagare in direzione degli atteggiamenti e delle opinioni degli insegnanti d’ILS in contesto francofono europeo e dei loro colleghi insegnanti di FLE in contesto italofono.Un questionario realizzato in due lingue è stato diffuso online tra il 2013 e il 2014 presso tutte le scuole superiori o di livello equivalente – gymnases, athénées, lycées, etc. – del Belgio francofono, di Francia, della Svizzera francofona, d’Italia e del Cantone del Ticino. Questa inchiesta, alla quale più di 1100 insegnanti di FLE e di ILS hanno partecipato, ha permesso di raccogliere un gran numero di dati che hanno necessitato un’analisi in più tappe.Abbiamo potuto in primo luogo cogliere in quale misura l’appartenenza dell’insegnante ad un contesto sociolinguistico più o meno aperto alla diatopia è suscettibile di influenzare la sua percezione di questa variazione e delle proprie abitudini didattiche. Poi, le informazioni raccolte ci hanno consentito di meglio capire la dialettica che esiste, all’interno dell’immaginario linguistico della professione, tra vissuto linguistico individuale e adesione all’ideologia linguistica dominante dello standard. Infine, l’analisi ed il confronto dei dati quantitativi e testuali hanno permesso di mettere finalmente in evidenza il fatto che gli insegnanti dei differenti contesti sociolinguistici presi in considerazione condividono delle rappresentazioni linguistiche del tutto simili ma soprattutto un solo e unico immaginario professionale
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CARTA, Dario. "“Non più cose ma protagonisti”. L’associazionismo tra gli emigrati italiani in Belgio e Svizzera, 1945-­‐2001. Il caso di Bruxelles e Ginevra." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/28979.

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This research presents an historical comparative analysis (1945-2001) of Italian migrants’ associations in two Europe’s country: Belgium and Geneva. The research compares the associative practices of Italians in Brussels and Geneva, it focuses on the importance of immigrant organisations. Such organisations are not only important for the immigrants themselves, but also for their participation and integration into the host society. Immigrants set up organisations to create, express and maintain a collective identity. Using examples from specific types of organisation (mutual benefit societies, religious groups, hometown associations, political groups, cultural associations) we examine the factors that shape immigrants’ formal sociability. We can thus see what differences were made important by whom, for whom, and for how long. The information gathered in this way can only be assessed if we know what factors influence the founding and continuation of organisations, and how this influence works. The study focus on how and why immigrant organisations originate, and how they manage to survive and change over time. The study demonstrates the strength of ethnically based organizations to be an especially powerful determinant of the likelihood of ethnic collective action. The essay approaches the topic from a historical perspective to show how quasi-universal processes on the one hand, and local and temporal specificities on the other, shaped associational practices in a way that transcended the ethno-national traditions and characteristics of particular immigrant groups and host countries.
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Sgambelluri, Rosa. "Lo sport educativo in alcuni sistemi scolastici europei. Analisi comparativa tra Italia, Belgio, Spagna e Regno Unito." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/231.

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IX n.s.
Le nuove generazioni, soprattutto quelle nate a cavallo tra la fine degli anni 80’ e gli inizi degli anni 90’ del secolo scorso, sono state formate in Italia all’interno di una tensione ideale, quella di dover contribuire alla costituzione di una nuova dimensione sociale e culturale nonché nazionale: l’Unione Europea. Tra gli adolescenti e i giovani italiani questo imperativo educativo è stato letto e tradotto in una percezione alquanto peculiare della storia recente: i “nonni”, ovvero i costituenti dell’Unione Europea, all’indomani della II guerra mondiale, erano quelli che guardavano all’Europa solo in termini di abbattimento di frontiere, creazione strutture economiche interdipendenti e di un corpus legislativo comune, in quanto elementi atti a garantire la pace in Europa e scongiurare per sempre gli orrori dei campi di battaglia, delle città bombardate, delle popolazioni deportate; i “padri”, alias l’establishment governativo che conduceva verso l’euro, la comune moneta europea, erano quelli che guardavano all’Europa solo in termini di possibilità di crescita economica all’interno di un comune spazio di libera circolazione delle merci. Di contro la cultura adolescenziale e giovanile, intesa come un insieme di valori, definizioni della realtà e codici di comportamento condivisi da persone che hanno in comune uno specifico modo di vita , era già europea. I nonni e i padri non dovevano, per creare una nuova identità comunitaria, che rincorrere! Nello specifico i membri delle nuove generazione, proiettati nell’orizzonte geografico europeo, si percepivano già come comunità sentendo di avere in comune, pur nelle diversità, stesse origini, una cultura condivisa, un canale di comunicazione linguistica comune, valori, costumi, forme di alimentazioni, forme letterarie e artistiche gruppali, adolescenti e giovani europei erano consapevoli di ascoltare la stessa musica, leggere gli stessi autori e le stesse riviste, guardare gli stessi programmi televisivi, avere stessi valori e modelli culturali di riferimento, bere, mangiare e vestire le stesse cose e, nelle rispettive forme linguistiche nazionali, parlare con strutture gergali similari. Nell’incontrarsi sul comune suolo europeo queste generazioni, le prime a muoversi con grande disinvoltura tra una capitale e l’altra, grazie anche al codice comunicativo inglese, scoprivano velocemente che ciò che accomunava era di gran lunga superiore a ciò che differenziava. I giovani europei sentivano d’agire già come un unico popolo, insistente su di uno spazio geografico omogeneo, e, in virtù di tale comunanza, gli adulti dovevano e potevano, nel rispetto del loro ruolo di garanti della trasmissione intergenerazionale, organizzarsi in stato sovrano. In realtà i costituenti dell’Unione Europea, nel creare i presupposti comunitari, avevano come obiettivo quello di costruire un quadro comune di valori universali ai quali ispirarsi per edificare una “casa comune” fatta non più di mattoni condivisi ma condivisibili. Nel loro ambito riflessivo i costituenti attribuivano al termine valori, come in una parabola discendente, un significato che andava da quello di orientamenti, a fatti sociali e a fatti propri. Nel primo caso, per essere chiari, i valori sono intesi come orientamenti dai quali discendono i fini delle azioni umane, fini trascendenti rispetto all’esistente ed indicanti, pertanto, un dover essere, una tensione verso uno stato di cose ritenuto ideale e desiderabile, ma che non è, o non ancora, realizzato; nel secondo i valori sono intesi come fatti sociali in quanto fatti di gruppi sociali i quali orientano in base ad essi il proprio agire, e quindi valori come motivazioni dei comportamenti; nel terzo i valori sono intesi come fatti propri, adottati da individui o gruppi mediante processi, più o meno consapevoli, di scelta . Quanto più, in una società, i valori slittano da fatti propri a fatti sociali e, infine, ad orientamenti, divenendo la tensione di cui sopra, tanto più essi cessano di essere particolari per assurgere ad universali, espressione non più di una forma mentis soggiacente ad un dato spazio e ad un dato tempo ma presupposto di una società giusta nella sua derivazione etimologica da ius (ossia il diritto e quindi patto). Secondo i costituenti la nascita dell’UE doveva avvenire non solo in riconoscimento dei profondi legami storici che accomunavano le sorti delle popolazioni europee a partire dal IV secolo d.c., non solo per i profondi legami culturali letterali, artistici, ecc., che si erano creati nel trascorrere dei tempi, per la comune religiosità, per lo spazio geografico e climatico alquanto omogeneo, ma quanto per la scelta effettuata dai popoli comunitari: valori universali, valori “ di tutti” cui aspirare, in cui riconoscersi e specchiarsi, presidi dei confini del vivere civile, base, irrinunciabile e imprescindibile, definente la natura del patto sociale. In tal senso i costituenti definirono la pace come valore per la nascente UE poiché ripudiarono l’idea dell’esaltazione, presente nella cultura europea dalla caduta dell’Impero Romano sino alla prima metà del Novecento, della guerra come valore sul quale misurare la virtù e la dignità e l’onore dei popoli. Accanto al valore della pace nei rapporti tra i popoli europei, posero il valore della reciprocità e del rispetto, della libertà, dell’eguaglianza e della dignità della persona umana. Riconobbero, altresì, proprio perché si era alla presenza di una collettività di cittadini che stavano scegliendo un insieme di diritti e doveri alla base della loro società ideale, che nella costituzione dell’Unione la formazione dello stato avrebbe preceduto quello di costituzione della nazione. Avvertirono subito anche il pericolo di un soffocamento della formazione di una coscienza europea, di un’area culturale europea che potesse chiamarsi nazione, da parte di un apparato eurostatale qualora non controbilanciato da processi di interazione e integrazione dei meccanismi degli stati membri. Una siffatta situazione agli italiani, così come alle genti germaniche, è nota, giacché rammenta la formazione di uno stato nazionale come unificazione di una pluralità di stati regionali sotto la spinta egemonica di uno di essi . Per ovviare a ciò, per superare gli egoismi dei vari stati membri, previdero un lungo periodo di incontro-confronto tra gli apparati nazionali grazie al quale ciascuno potesse analiticamente conoscere e ri-conoscere l’altro, avviare un processo di accettazione e giustificazione delle diversità e un processo orizzontale di acculturazione nel suo significato di cambiamento culturale e psicologico dovuto al contatto duraturo con persone appartenenti a culture differenti (Sam, D.L. 2006). In tal senso attribuirono grande importanza alle istituzioni scolastiche come mezzo attraverso cui creare, nella centralità della persona, una nuova cittadinanza, un nuovo umanesimo, un nuovo patrimonio culturale di ispirazione valoriale universale. Negli ultimi anni la materia legislativa comunitaria, per l’istruzione e la formazione, si è limitata però a delle direttive per aumentare il grado di competizione dei cittadini europei, la mobilità sociale e, quindi, la coesione sociale. Nulla o poco è stato fatto in termini di un confronto, politicamente programmato, sistematico e non occasionale, tra i diversi sistemi scolastici che ne evidenziassero le specificità, i punti di contatto, i punti di forza e debolezza, rispetto ad esempio alle competenze, come riflessione sul concetto di competenza, rapporto tra sapere e saperi, conoscenza conoscenze e competenze, ruolo delle competenze trasversali nel processo di apprendimento, rapporto tra saperi disciplinari e competenze, o piuttosto alle metodologie, come motivazione degli alunni, metodi per un apprendimento consapevole, organizzazione di tempi, luoghi, strumenti e modalità della didattica, come necessità di mettere in rete le scuole, o infine alle scelte valoriali. Eppure come è possibile pensare un processo di integrazione tra i sistemi formativi nazionali al fine di creare strutture comunitarie che diano, equamente, ad ogni cittadino dell’UE le stesse possibilità se non si parte dalla reciproca conoscenza? Stesse possibilità intese non solo come spendibilità competitiva ma come piena espressione del sé di ogni cittadino, delle individuali potenzialità all’interno di una cornice di reciprocità, di dignità umana e libertà e universalità valoriale come pensato dai costituenti. Il presente lavoro vuole, anche solo in parte, provare ad ovviare a ciò offrendo una comparazione tra sistemi scolastici nazionali dell’UE e quindi consentire una maggiore comprensione delle modalità di cura del fanciullo, vero specchio di una società, nei diversi luoghi comunitari. Le nazioni che sono state prese in esame, oltre all’Italia, sono state la Spagna, il Regno Unito e il Belgio. La scelta è innanzitutto ricaduta sulle nazioni non di recente adesione all’UE sia per motivazioni strettamente correlate alla reperibilità di fonti sia perché si tratta di paesi che, in una certa misura, hanno già avviato politiche di integrazione se non altro per ciò che concerne gli obiettivi competitivi formativi comunitari. La scelta è stata fatta poi tenendo conto che molteplici credenze e abitudini intellettuali concorrono a formare lo spazio culturale comunitario, che tale variabilità rappresentino, ad un tempo, un fattore critico ed un elemento di ricchezza e che esse si riflettono tutte nell’agenzia formativa per eccellenza: la scuola. Ad esempio, l’Italia, la Spagna e il Belgio sono paesi a prevalenza cattolica, il Regno Unito invece è prevalentemente rientrante in quell’ambito religioso che per semplicità definiamo protestante. Pur assistendo nelle società moderne ad un processo di secolarizzazione è indubbio che esista un’interazione tra aspetti religiosi ed ordine morale. Sebbene lo spazio geografico europeo sia improntato alla tradizione giudaico-cristiana, i paesi cattolici hanno, in termini di mentalità, una maggiore correlazione con la tradizione cristiana e, di contro, quelli protestanti con la tradizione giudaica. Ne consegue un atteggiamento diverso, come substrato culturale, nei confronti della ricchezza (e della povertà) che si riflette nei fini valoriali formativi. Ancora, tutti e quattro i paesi presi in esame devono confrontarsi al loro interno con istanze autonomistiche che trovano la loro massima espressione nelle aspirazioni via via sempre più separatiste della componente francofona e fiamminga belga. Al di là degli elementi di attualità è interessante vedere come il Belgio ha provato ha riflettere il riconoscimento dell’alterità e della dignità umana delle “minoranze” nelle strutture formative, banco di sfida delle future strutture comunitarie. L’esistenza di una componente non minoritaria belga fiamminga, ovvero olandese, ovvero del germanico ovest, rimanda, inoltre, in termini linguistici (e non solo) alla maggiore vicinanza tra l’inglese e l’olandese (nonché tedesco) rispetto alla componente francofona di derivazione latina come lo spagnolo e l’italiano. Le strutture linguistiche, che rimandano a ceppi diversi del tipo europide, riflettono, poiché è la parola che struttura il cervello, habitus mentali differenti, approcci alla conoscenza diversificati. La comparazione tra sistemi scolastici apre così interessanti spunti di riflessione non solo sul concetto di competenze ma su come la correlazione tra cultura e corporeità modifichino il concetto stesso di competenze nel quadro comune di riferimento europeo. Gli esempi fatti rimarcano come la comparazione tra i sistemi scolastici non abbia solo un valore di ontologica conoscenza ma possa offrire spunti interessanti di riflessione sulle diverse modalità di intendere l’apprendimento, gli obiettivi formativi, i fini valoriali, ma anche di risolvere la sfida del ventunesimo secolo ossia la multiculturalità. Tutti elementi da cui una scuola comunitaria non può prescindere. [a cura dell'autore]
2009 - 2010
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Books on the topic "Italians – Belgium"

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From challenging culture to challenged culture: The Sicilian cultural code and the socio-cultural praxis of Sicilian immigrants in Belgium. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press, 1987.

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Petrantoʼ, Arcangelo. Histoire des Italiens en Belgique: De César à Paola. Bruxelles: ACLI Belgio, 2000.

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Petranto, Arcangelo. Histoire des italiens en Belgique: De César à Paola. Bruxelles: Associations chrétiennes des travailleurs internationaux, 2000.

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Robert O. J. van Nuffel. Léon Kochnitzky: Umanista belga italiano d'elezione, 1892-1965. Bruxelles: Institut historique belge de Rome, 1995.

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Nicole, Dacos, and Dulière Cécile, eds. Italia Belgica: La Fondation nationale Princesse Marie-Jose et les relations artistiques entre la Belgique et l'Italie, 1930-2005, 75e anniversaire. Bruxelles: Institut Historique Belge de Rome, 2005.

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Perrin, Nicolas. Italiens de Belgique: Analyses socio-démographiques et analyse des appartenances. Louvain-la-Neuve: Academia-Bruylant, 2005.

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Perrin, Nicolas. Italiens de Belgique: Analyses socio-démographiques et analyse des appartenances. Louvain-la-Neuve: Academia-Bruylant, 2002.

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Gola, Sabina. Un demi-siècle de relations culturelles entre l'Italie et la Belgique (1830-1880). Bruxelles: Institut historique Belge de Rome, 1999.

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Leadership et pouvoir dans les communautés d'origine immigrée: L'exemple d'une communauté ethnique en Belgique. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1992.

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Caserta, Reggia di, ed. Pittura dopo il Postmodernismo: Belgio - USA - Italia. Napoli (Italy): Colonnese editore, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Italians – Belgium"

1

Nagl, Manfred. "Niederlande, Belgien, Italien, Spanien, Portugal." In Gotik und Informatik, 99–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55518-7_10.

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Azevedo, Mario J. "The Health of Africans: Portuguese, Belgian, Italian, Spanish, and German Rule." In Historical Perspectives on the State of Health and Health Systems in Africa, Volume I, 283–330. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32461-6_7.

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Fabry, A., H. Aït Abderrahim, P. D’Hondt, S. De Leeuw, G. De Leeuw-Gierts, G. Minsart, P. Moioli, M. Angelone, and M. Carta. "Learnings from a joint Italian-Belgian neutronic characterization of the TAPIRO source reactor." In Proceedings of the Seventh ASTM-Euratom Symposium on Reactor Dosimetry, 677–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2781-3_78.

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Juvan, Jelena, and Janja Vuga. "Civilian Entities in EU Missions: A Comparison of the Slovenian, Italian, Belgian and Danish Approaches." In Managing Crises, Making Peace, 196–215. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137442253_10.

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Vanysacker, Dries. "What Ecclesiastical Archives Can Contribute to Social History: Religious Testimonies on Italian Soldiers in Belgium during the First World War." In Bibliothèque de la Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique, 193–206. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.brhe-eb.5.121412.

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Panel, Louis N. "Was There a “Lotharingian Axis”? Belgian, French, and Italian Military Policing During the First World War: A Study in Comparative History." In European Police Forces and Law Enforcement in the First World War, 33–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26102-3_3.

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PHALET, KAREN. "Down and Out: The Children of Migrant Workers in the Belgian Labour Market." In Unequal Chances. British Academy, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263860.003.0004.

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Belgium has three major ethnic minorities – Italians, Moroccans, and Turks – originating from guest workers who arrived in the post-war period. These groups continue to experience significant ethnic penalties in the Belgian labour market. For employment and occupational attainment alike, the Italian second generation experiences the smallest ethnic penalties and comes closest to achieving parity with native Belgians. In contrast, the Moroccan and Turkish second generation experience much larger ethnic penalties. Moreover, the Turkish second generation is clearly at the bottom end of the ethnic hierarchy, since it experiences at once the largest penalties on avoidance of unemployment and on access to the salariat. The persistence of ethnic disdvantage in the second generation suggests that at least part of the explanation is to be found in the receiving society. Possible explanations range from overt ethnic prejudice to citizenship status.
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Laurence, Jonathan. "Imperfect Institutionalization." In The Emancipation of Europe's Muslims. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691144214.003.0006.

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This chapter examines the second round of state–mosque relations that produced institutionalized Islam Councils. Interior ministries provided the first impetus to organize Islam as a “national” religion, and the government-led consultations established a variety of national councils between 1992 and 2006, from the Conseil français du culte musulman, to the Comisíon Islámica de España, to the Exécutif des musulmans de Belgique, to the Deutsche Islam Konferenz, to the Mosques and Imams National Advisory Board in Britain, to the Consulta per l'Islam italiano. These national processes are not identical: many place more weight on the role of Embassy Islam and foreign government representatives (e.g., Belgium, Germany, France, Spain), while others rely more heavily on handpicked local civil society organizations (e.g., Italy, United Kingdom).
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Lansdown, Richard. "A Marginal Interest? Byron and the Fine Arts." In Byron and Marginality, 271–90. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474439411.003.0014.

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Byron has always been regarded as the possessor of a tin ear when it came to art. But once he took up residence on the Continent in 1816 he could hardly avoid paintings, especially when fellow-travellers like John Polidori, John Cam Hobbhouse and Stendhal insisted on showing him the galleries full of Flemish art in Belgium or Italian old masters in Milan, Venice, Florence and Rome.The essay works out what exactly he saw in all these places, and comments on what he had to say. In particular, it draws together an ‘Italian composite’ of feminine portraits, and ponders the question whether it is style or subject that we respond to in painting.
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Moore, Bob. "Continuing Captivity." In Prisoners of War, 416–45. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840398.003.0015.

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As the war turned against the Axis, the many Italian prisoners in Allied hands were supplemented by increasing numbers of men in German uniforms as Western Europe began to be liberated. British and American commanders had to house and feed hundreds of thousands of prisoners in France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Italy before the final German surrender on 8 May 1945. This led to many millions of new prisoners and a major crisis involving the American ‘Rhine Meadow Camps’ as temporary accommodation. To alleviate the pressures on resources both the British and Americans re-categorized all those surrendered on or after 8 May as Surrendered Enemy Personnel (SEP) or Disarmed Enemy Forces (DEF) respectively. They were thereby removed from the provisions of the Geneva Convention and rapidly released back into civilian life. Their counterparts captured beforehand had very different experiences—being redeployed as labour for the Allies or handed over to other European powers such as France, Belgium, and the Netherlands where they were put to work in dangerous reconstructive work including mine clearance. In these cases, Germans often remained in captivity until 1947 or 1948 before being returned home.
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Conference papers on the topic "Italians – Belgium"

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Mignani, A. G., and L. Ciaccheri. "Belgian beer mapping and digital fingerprinting using color and turbidity assessment." In Proceedings of the 11th Italian Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793393_0012.

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Cailliez, Matthieu. "Europäische Rezeption der Berliner Hofoper und Hofkapelle von 1842 bis 1849." In Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Musikforschung 2019. Paderborn und Detmold. Musikwissenschaftliches Seminar der Universität Paderborn und der Hochschule für Musik Detmold, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25366/2020.50.

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The subject of this contribution is the European reception of the Berlin Royal Opera House and Orchestra from 1842 to 1849 based on German, French, Italian, English, Spanish, Belgian and Dutch music journals. The institution of regular symphony concerts, a tradition continuing to the present, was initiated in 1842. Giacomo Meyerbeer and Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy were hired as general music directors respectively conductors for the symphony concerts in the same year. The death of the conductor Otto Nicolai on 11th May 1849, two months after the premiere of his opera Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor, coincides with the end of the analysed period, especially since the revolutions of 1848 in Europe represent a turning point in the history of the continent. The lively music activities of these three conductors and composers are carefully studied, as well as the guest performances of foreign virtuosos and singers, and the differences between the Berliner Hofoper and the Königstädtisches Theater.
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