Journal articles: 'Italian Australia'

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Baldassar, Loretta. "Migration Monuments in Italy and Australia: Contesting Histories and Transforming Identities." Modern Italy 11, no. 1 (February 2006): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940500492241.

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Rather than focusing on how Italians share the neighbourhood with other groups, this paper examines some of the intra-group processes (i.e. relations between Italians themselves) that produced various monuments to Italian migration in Australia, Brazil and Italy. Through their distinct styles and formulations, the monuments reflect diverse and often competing elaborations of the migrant experience by different generations at local, national and transnational levels. The recent increase in the construction of such monuments in Australia is linked to the gradual disappearance of ‘visibly’ Italian neighbourhoods. These commemorations effectively transform Italian migrants into Australian pioneers and, thus, resolve moral and cultural ambiguities about belonging and identity by de-emphasizing difference (ethnic diversity) and concealing intergenerational tensions about appropriate ways of expressing Italianness. Similarly, the appearance of monuments in Italy is linked to an emergent ‘diasporic’ consciousness fuelled by Italian emigrants’ growing ability to travel to Italy, but also to the attempt to obscure potentially destabilizing dual identities by emphasizing (one, Italian) ‘homeland’.

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Hajek, John, Renata Aliani, and Yvette Slaughter. "From the Periphery to Center Stage: The Mainstreaming of Italian in the Australian Education System (1960s to 1990s)." History of Education Quarterly 62, no. 4 (November 2022): 475–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/heq.2022.30.

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AbstractThis article examines the complex drivers of change in language education that have resulted in Australia having the highest number of students learning Italian in the world. An analysis of academic and non-academic literature, policy documents, and quantitative data helps trace the trajectory of the Italian language in the Australian education system, from the 1960s to the 1990s, illustrating the interaction of different variables that facilitated the shift in Italian's status from a largely immigrant language to one of the most widely studied languages in Australia. This research documents the factors behind the successful mainstreaming of Italian into schools, which, in addition to the active support it received from the Italian community and the Italian government, also included, notably, the ability of different Australian governments to address societal transformation and to respond to the emerging practical challenges in scaling up new language education initiatives in a detailed and comprehensive manner.

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Casella, Antonietta, and Judith Kearins. "Cross-Cultural Comparison of Family Environments of Anglo-Australians, Italian-Australians, and Southern Italians." Psychological Reports 72, no. 3 (June 1993): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.3.1051.

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Differences in academic achievement have been noted in children from various ethnic backgrounds. In Australia, differences in educational attainment between Anglo-Australian and Italian students have been documented, Italian students performing more poorly. Since the influence of environmental factors on students' achievement is well supported in the literature, the present study compared the family environments of Anglo-Australians ( n = 25), Italian-Australians ( n = 29), and Southern Italians ( n = 29) via administration of the Family Environment Scale to mothers. Significant differences were found, the Anglo-Australian sample scoring higher on the Active-Recreational subscale and lower on the Organisation subscale than both Italian groups. Differences between the Anglo-Australian and Southern Italian groups showed the Anglo-Australians scoring significantly lower on the Achievement Orientation subscale and higher on the Intellectual-Cultural Orientation subscale. There were no significant differences between the Italian groups. These findings suggest preservation of Italian cultural values within Australian society, which may contribute to a restriction of learning opportunities for Italian children and possibly affect their educational achievements in later years.

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Vanni, Ilaria. "Vite Italiane: Italian Lives in Western Australia." Italian American Review 3, no. 2 (July 1, 2013): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/italamerrevi.3.2.0137.

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Faggion, Laura, and Raffaello Furlan. "CULTURAL MEANINGS EMBEDDED IN THE FAÇADE OF ITALIAN MIGRANTS’ HOUSES IN BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v11i1.1225.

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In the Post-WWII period, while industrial production in Italy had diminished and millions of people were unemployed, Australia was facing the opposite problem of shortage of labour, due to a rapid agricultural and industrial development. By virtue of the immigration policy adopted by the Australian government in the 1950s, assistance with the cost of migration to Australia was provided to those Italians willing to migrate to Australia. Italian migrants, as well as diverse migrant groups, brought with them cultural practices and a way of life, which are nowadays part of the multicultural Australian built environment and society. This research study focuses on the domestic dwellings built in the late 1980s and early 1990s in Brisbane by the Italian migrants. Namely, it is argued that the façade of migrants’ houses is embedded by cultural meanings. The study is of qualitative nature and as primary sources of data uses (1) semi-structured interviews, (2) photo-elicitation interviews and (3) focus group discussion, which were conducted both in Australia with twenty first-generation Italian migrants, and in Italy with ten informants, indigenous to the Veneto region, where they built their homes. Visual data about the houses was collected with (4) photographs and drawings. The findings reveal that Italian houses are concurrently a physical structure and a set of meanings based on culture: these two components are tied together rather than being separate and distinct. Namely, the Veneto migrants chose two models for the construction of their houses in Brisbane: (1) the rural houses built in the 1970s and 1980s by their ancestors (2) and the villas designed by Andrea Palladio in the 15th century in the Veneto region for noble families.

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Reid, Alison, Enzo Merler, Susan Peters, Nimashi Jayasinghe, Vittoria Bressan, Peter Franklin, Fraser Brims, Nicholas H. de Klerk, and Arthur W. Musk. "Migration and work in postwar Australia: mortality profile comparisons between Australian and Italian workers exposed to blue asbestos at Wittenoom." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 75, no. 1 (July 29, 2017): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2017-104322.

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ObjectivesThree hundred and thirty thousand Italians arrived in Australia between 1945 and 1966, many on assisted passage schemes where the worker agreed to a 2-year unskilled employment contract. Italians were the largest of 52 migrant groups employed at the Wittenoom blue asbestos mining and milling operation. We compare mortality from asbestos-related diseases among Italian and Australian workers employed at Wittenoom.MethodsA cohort of 6500 male workers was established from employment records and followed up at state and national mortality and cancer registries. SMRs were calculated to compare mortality with the Western Australian male population. Time-varying Cox proportional hazards models compared the risk of mesothelioma between Australian and Italian workers.Results1031 Italians and 3465 Australians worked at Wittenoom between 1943 and 1966. Duration of employment was longer for the Italian workers, although the concentration of exposure was similar. The mesothelioma mortality rate per 100 000 was higher in Italians (184, 95% CI 148 to 229) than Australians (128, 95% CI 111 to 149). The risk of mesothelioma was greater than twofold (HR 2.27, 95% CI 1.43 to 3.60) in Italians at the lowest asbestos exposure category (<10 fibre years/per mL).ConclusionsA hierarchy in migration, isolation and a shortage of workers led to Italians at Wittenoom incurring higher cumulative exposure to blue asbestos and subsequently a greater rate of malignant mesothelioma than Australian workers.ImpactPoor working conditions and disparities between native and foreign-born workers has had a detrimental and differential impact on the long-term health of the workforce.

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Carniel, Jessica. "Calvary or limbo? Articulating identity and citizenship in two Italian Australian autobiographical narratives of World War II internment." Queensland Review 23, no. 1 (May 31, 2016): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2016.4.

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AbstractAlmost 5,000 Italians were interned in Australia during World War II, a high proportion of them Queensland residents. Internment was a pivotal experience for the Italian community, both locally and nationally, complicating Italian Australians’ sense of belonging to their adopted country. Through an examination of two migrant autobiographical narratives of internment, Osvaldo Bonutto's A Migrant's Story and Peter Dalseno's Sugar, Tears and Eyeties, this article explores the impact of internment on the experience and articulation of cultural and civic belonging to Australian society. It finds that internment was a ‘trial’ or ‘transitional’ phase for these internees’ personal and civic identities, and that the articulation of these identities and sense of belonging is historically contingent, influenced by the shift from assimilation to multiculturalism in settlement ideology, as well as Italian Australians’ changing place in Australian society throughout the twentieth century.

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Bennetts, Stephen. "‘Undesirable Italians’: prolegomena for a history of the Calabrian ’Ndrangheta in Australia." Modern Italy 21, no. 1 (February 2016): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mit.2015.5.

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Although Italian mafia scholars have recently been turning their attention to the Calabrian mafia (known as the ’Ndrangheta) diaspora in Australia, their efforts have been limited by conducting research remotely from Italy without the benefit of local knowledge. Australian journalists and crime writers have long played an important role in documenting ’Ndrangheta activities, but have in turn been limited by a lack of expertise in Italian language and culture, and knowledge of the Italian scholarly literature. As previously in the US, Australian scholarly discussion of the phenomenon has been inhibited, especially since the 1970s, by a ‘liberal progressive’ ‘negationist’ discourse, which has led to a virtual silence within the local scholarly literature. This paper seeks to break this silence by bringing the Italian scholarly and Australian journalistic and archival sources into dialogue, and summarising the clear evidence for the presence in Australia since the early 1920s of criminal actors associated with a well-organised criminal secret society structured along lines familiar from the literature on the ’Ndrangheta.

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9

Bettoni, Camilla, and John Gibbons. "Italian speakers in Australia." Italian in Australia 4 (January 1, 1987): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.4.05bet.

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10

Lee, Christopher, and Claire Kennedy. "Race, technological modernity, and the Italo-Australian condition: Francesco De Pinedo's 1925 flight from Europe to Australia." Modern Italy 25, no. 3 (April 22, 2020): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mit.2020.17.

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Writing about fascism and aviation has stressed the role technology played in Mussolini's ambitions to cultivate fascist ideals in Italy and amongst the Italian diaspora. In this article we examine Francesco De Pinedo's account of the Australian section of his record-breaking 1925 flight from Rome to Tokyo. Our analysis of De Pinedo's reception as a modern Italian in a British Australia, and his response to that reception, suggests that this Italian aviator was relatively unconcerned with promoting Fascist greatness in Australia. De Pinedo was interested in Australian claims to the forms of modernity he had witnessed in the United States and which the Fascists were attempting to incorporate into a new vision of Italian destiny. Flight provided him with a geographical imagination which understood modernity as an international exchange of progressive peoples. His Australian reception revealed a nation anxious about preserving its British identity in a globalising world conducive to a more cosmopolitan model of modernity.

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11

White, Jonathan. "Report on ACIS Conference, ‘The Importance of Italy’, Humanities Research Centre, Australian National University, September 2001." Modern Italy 7, no. 2 (November 2002): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1353294022000012989.

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Italian programmes can now be taken in fteen of Australia's thirty-nine universities-a contraction from their offer in twenty-six universities in 1990. In order to promote collaboration among Italianists and Italian scholars in both Australia and New Zealand, the Australasian Centre for Italian Studies (ACIS) was established in 2000, under a management representing seven universities. ACIS’ work includes the organization of conferences (the next to be held at the University of Western Australia in July 2003), sponsorship of collaborative research projects and the award of annual scholarships for Honours and postgraduate students to work in Italy.

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12

Pesman, Ros. "Modern Italian history in Australia." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 4, no. 1 (March 1999): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545719908454997.

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13

Pesman, R. L. "The Italian Renaissance in Australia." Parergon 14, no. 1 (1996): 223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pgn.1996.0088.

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14

Mitchell, Tony. "Doppio: a Trilingual Touring Theatre for Australia." New Theatre Quarterly 8, no. 29 (February 1992): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00006333.

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Doppio is a theatre company which uses three languages – English, Italian, and a synthetic migrant dialect it calls ‘Emigrante’ – to explore the conditions of the large community of Italian migrants in Australia. It works, too, in three different kinds of theatrical territory, all with an increasingly feminist slant – those of multicultural theatrein-education; of community theatre based in the Italian clubs of South Australia; and of documentary theatre, exploring the roots and the past of a previously marginalized social group. The company's work was seen in 1990 at the Leeds Festival of Youth Theatre, but its appeal is fast increasing beyond the confines of specialisms, ethnic or theatric, and being recognized in the ‘mainstream’ of Australian theatrical activity. Tony Mitchell – a regular contributor to NTQ, notably on the work of Dario Fo – who presently teaches in the Department of Theatre Studies in the University of Technology in Sydney, here provides an analytical introduction to the company's work, and follows this with an interview with one of its directors and co-founders, Teresa Crea.

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15

Dench, Alan. "Pidgin Ngarluma." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 1–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.13.1.02den.

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This paper discusses evidence of an early pidgin in use amongst Aboriginal people of the north west coast of Western Australia. The crucial evidence comes from an Italian manuscript describing the rescue, by local Aborigines, of two castaways wrecked on North West Cape in 1875. The data reveals that the local Aborigines attempted to communicate with the Italian-speaking survivors using what appears to be an Australian language spoken some 300 kilometers further along the coast, around the emerging center of the new Pilbara pearling industry. I present an analysis of the material, showing that it differs from Australian languages of the area in significant ways and can be considered a reduced variety. I conclude that this variety is an indigenous pidgin — the first to be described for Australia.

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Dewhirst, Catherine. "Colonising Italians: Italian Imperialism and Agricultural ‘Colonies’ in Australia, 1881–1914." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 44, no. 1 (December 18, 2015): 23–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03086534.2015.1071099.

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Benatti, Ruben, and Angela Tiziana Tarantini. "Dialects Among Young Italian-Australians: A Shift in Attitude and Perception." Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 52, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 467–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stap-2017-0021.

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Abstract The aim of this article is to analyse the relationship that second- and third-generation Italian migrants in Australia have with the Italian dialect of their family. We report on the survey we recently carried out among young Italian-Australians, mainly learners of Italian as a second language. First, we analyse the motivation behind learning Italian as a heritage language. We then move on to describe their self-evaluation of their competence in the dialect of their family, and their perception thereof. Surprisingly, our survey reveals that not only are Italian dialects still understood by most second- and third-generation Italians (contrary to what people may think), but Italian dialects are also perceived by young Italian-Australians as an important part of their identity. For them, dialect is the language of the family, particularly in relation to the older members. It fulfills an instrumental function, as it enables communication with some family members who master neither English nor Italian, but above all, it is functional to the construction of their self and their social identity.

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Kavadias, Korey, Riccardo Amorati, and John Hajek. "UNDERSTANDING UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCES OF ITALIAN LANGUAGE STUDY AT PRIMARY SCHOOL AND REASONS FOR DISCONTINUATION INTO SECONDARY STUDY IN AUSTRALIA." Italiano LinguaDue 14, no. 1 (July 26, 2022): 291–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2037-3597/18179.

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This study explores Australian university students’ experiences of Italian language study in primary school. It aims to understand the reasons why they may not continue with Italian in the transition to secondary education. The findings showed that while students enjoyed Italian language education overall at primary level, they were critical [1]about many aspects associated with their learning experience, particularly their teachers, and their own learning progress, which was hindered by limited contact hours and repetitive and insufficient content covered. However, these factors were not found to be salient in accounting for discontinuation into secondary school, which was instead caused mainly by the lack of provision of Italian at that level and, for some students, also by perceptions of scarce preparedness for secondary study and limited practical applicability of Italian. This study suggests that efforts should be made to ensure coordinated provision of Italian language study between primary and secondary, and that curricula should be reframed to include more contact hours and to reduce unnecessary repetition in content. Capire le esperienze di studenti universitari nello studio della lingua italiana alla scuola primaria e le ragioni della sua interruzione nella scuola secondaria in Australia Questo studio esplora le esperienze di studenti universitari australiani relative allo studio della lingua italiana nella scuola primaria. L’obiettivo è di comprendere i fattori che portano all’abbandono dell’italiano nel passaggio alla scuola secondaria. I risultati hanno mostrato che nonostante gli studenti abbiano apprezzato lo studio della lingua nella scuola primaria, sono stati critici su molti aspetti legati alla loro esperienza, in particolare i loro insegnanti, e i loro progressi di apprendimento, che sono stati ostacolati da ore di insegnamento limitate e da contenuti didattici ripetitivi e insufficienti. Tuttavia, questi fattori non sono risultati centrali per spiegare l’abbandono dell’italiano nella scuola secondaria, che è stato invece causato principalmente dalla mancanza di offerta della lingua a quel livello e, per alcuni studenti, anche dalla percezione di una scarsa preparazione allo studio secondario nonché di una limitata spendibilità dell’italiano. Questo studio suggerisce che è necessario assicurare un’offerta coordinata di studio della lingua italiana tra la scuola primaria e secondaria, e che i curricula scolastici dovrebbero essere modificati in modo da includere più ore di insegnamento della lingua e ridurre inutili ripetizioni contenutistiche.

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Papalia, Gerardo. "The Italian “Fifth Column” in Australia: Fascist Propaganda, Italian‐Australians and Internment." Australian Journal of Politics & History 66, no. 2 (June 2020): 214–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12680.

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Dominijanni, Ida. "Rethinking the Change: Italian Feminism Between Crisis and Critique of Politics." Cultural Studies Review 11, no. 2 (October 11, 2013): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/csr.v11i2.3636.

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I think of the kinds of questions that I’ve heard female researchers and students ask of Italian feminism in Sydney, Melbourne and Auckland. I think of a certain ease of dialogue between men and feminists that is less suspicious than what we’re used to in Italy. There is an openness to the other and to otherness, which might derive from Australia being a multicultural society. The relativisation of Europe, and even more so of Italy, happens spontaneously when looked at from Australia with Asia in between. All this adds up to an ‘Australian Effect’ that has profoundly changed me and that in turn changes my way of talking about the ‘Italian Effect’. I am therefore writing from within a relationship to this context that already marks me, questions me and dislocates me, and my intention is to yield not so much a thought as a practice of thought, born and bred in close proximity to a political practice.

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Bruxner, George, Peter Burvill, Sam Fazio, and Sam Febbo. "Aspects of Psychiatric Admissions of Migrants to Hospitals in Perth, Western Australia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 4 (August 1997): 532–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709065075.

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Objective: Recent Australian Government initiatives have emphasised problems with service provision to the ethnic mentally ill. This study aims to address the paucity of contemporary data describing the disposition of the ethnic mentally ill in hospital settings. Method: Patterns of admissions for psychiatric disorders to all hospitals in Perth, Western Australia, for the 3 years from 1990 to 1992, of migrants and the Australian born were compared using data from the Western Australian Mental Health Information System. Results: The overall rates for European migrants showed a ‘normalisation’ towards those of the Australian-born. There were high rates for the schizophrenic spectrum disorders in Polish and Yugoslavian (old terminology) migrants. There were low admission rates for South-East Asian migrants, predominantly those from Vietnam and Malaysia. Rates for alcoholism were low in Italian and all Asian migrants. There were high rates of organic psychosis, especially in those older than 75 years, among the Italian and Dutch migrants. The relative risk of a first admission in the 3 years being an involuntary admission to a mental hospital was almost twice that of the Australian-born for migrants from Poland, Yugoslavia, Malaysia and Vietnam. Conclusions: The results imply the possibility of significant untreated and/or undiagnosed psychiatric morbidity in the South-East Asian-born. They also indicate a need for further exploration of the unexpectedly high levels of psychiatric morbidity among some ethnic elderly groups, specifically the Dutch- and Italian-born. The findings demonstrate the persistence of high rates of presentation for psychotic disorders among Eastern European-born populations, many years post migration.

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Cauli, Alberto. "Francesco De Pinedo and Ernesto Campanelli's record-breaking flight to Australia – perception, recognition and legacy: an account in the Australian Press." Journal of Navigation 74, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 328–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463320000764.

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The year 2020 marked the 95th anniversary of Francesco De Pinedo and Ernesto Campanelli's record-breaking flight of 55,000 km, from Italy to Australia, Japan and back, in a seaplane named Gennariello. Their achievement was lauded worldwide, especially in Australia, where the press reported on it intensively. This paper reconstructs the story of the flight by analysing the Australian press accounts and De Pinedo's diary, to understand how the Australian public perceived the event. It investigates the aviators’ arrival in Perth, Adelaide and Melbourne, where their popularity was greatest and where the local Italian communities enthusiastically welcomed them. The analysis shows that the flight engendered increased public interest and paid dividends in terms of image for the commercial companies involved, while fascism exploited it to display its progress in aviation. The paper concludes by exploring the legacy of the endeavour in modern Italy and Australia, emphasising the differences between the countries.

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Caruso, Marinella. "Attrition in the verb system of Italian in Australia." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics. Series S 18 (January 1, 2004): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.18.02car.

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This article reports on an investigation into the loss of morphology expressing temporality in the Italian of second generation Italo-Australians. The purpose of the study is to verify whether the loss of Italian tense and aspect morphology proceeds from marked to unmarked, where markedness is defined on the basis of formal and semantic criteria. Italian language samples are elicited through interviews with first and second generation Italo-Australians, and speakers are placed on an attritional continuum along which the verb forms are compared. The explanations for the patterns of loss identified in the data involve a combination of factors, such as markedness principles, universal or general characteristics of spoken language and interlinguistic influence of dialect.

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Haller, Hermann W. "Book Reivew: Using and Learning Italian in Australia." Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies 39, no. 1 (March 2005): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001458580503900124.

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Rubino, Antonia. "Trilingual women as language mediators in the family." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics. Series S 18 (January 1, 2004): 25–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.18.03rub.

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In the process of language shift from the immigrant languages to English, everyday communication within the family can become increasingly problematic due to strong divergences in the linguistic competences of the older and the younger generations. This article explores the process of language mediation between different generations, as it occurs within a Sicilian-Australian family belonging to the last wave of Italian mass immigration to Australia Through a corpus of spontaneous conversations, the study focuses on the role played by a second generation woman as a mediator within her family. The linguistic analysis shows that, in order to overcome communication breakdown, she makes full use of her competence in all three languages: Italian, Sicilian and English, and employs codeswitching extensively as a conversational strategy to accommodate participants with different language abilities. Furthermore, while she maintains Dialect as the language of the most inner family circle, she shifts to Italian as the more ‘learneable’ language that can contribute to cohesion in the extended family.

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Abbasi-Shavazi, Mohammad Jalal, and Peter McDonald. "Fertility and Multiculturalism: Immigrant Fertility in Australia, 1977–1991." International Migration Review 34, no. 1 (March 2000): 215–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791830003400109.

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This article examines the fertility patterns of immigrant groups in Australia during the period, 1977–1991. In this period, the previous policies of assimilation or integration of immigrants into mainstream culture were set aside in favor of a policy of multiculturalism, one of the dimensions of which was support for maintenance of culture. The general finding of research relating to the period prior to multiculturalism was that immigrants adapted to Australian fertility patterns. This study examines whether immigrants and their children in the era of multiculturalism have been more likely to maintain the fertility patterns of their country of origin than was the case in the past. The study concludes that while adaptation to Australian patterns remains the dominant feature of the fertility patterns of immigrants, Italian and Greek Australians show evidence of cultural maintenance.

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Furlan, Raffaello, and Laura Faggion. "Cultural influences on the yards of Italian migrants’ houses built in Brisbane (Australia)." Ethnicities 20, no. 6 (March 25, 2020): 1166–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796820913135.

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Italian migrants, as well as diverse migrant groups, brought with them cultural practices and a way of life, which are nowadays part of the multicultural Australian built environment and society. This research study focuses on the external yards of domestic dwellings built in the late 1980s and early 1990s in Brisbane by the Italian migrants. Namely, it is argued that the external yards of migrants’ houses are embedded by cultural meanings. The research study is of a qualitative nature and, as primary sources of data, uses (1) semi-structured interviews, (2) photo-elicitation interviews and (3) focus group discussion, which were conducted both in Australia with 21st-generation Italian migrants, and in Italy with 10 informants indigenous to the Veneto region, where they built their homes. Visual data about the houses were collected with (4) photographs and drawings. This paper explores the activities occurring inside migrants’ houses in Brisbane, highlighting the meaning of the activities and the settings where these activities are performed. Through the study of these meanings, it is revealed that the various activities are expressions of the culture, as an accepted way of doing things and/or a way of life, of the country of origin of the respondents.

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Merler, Enzo, Daniela Balzi, Eva Buiatti, and Paolo Boffetta. "Asbestos-Related Mortality among Italian Migrants to Western Australia." Epidemiology 7, no. 5 (September 1996): 556–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-199609000-00023.

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Santello, Marco. "Exploring the bilingualism of a migrant community through language dominance." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.37.1.02san.

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This study outlines a linguistic profile of two subgroups of Italian English circumstantial bilinguals – one dominant in English and the other dominant in Italian – by exploring for the first time their linguistic repertoire through the Gradient Bilingual Dominance Scale (Dunn & Fox Tree, 2009). The scale takes into account language background/history, language use and phonological interference, three main clusters of indicators that make up their dominance. The analysis is further complemented by additional descriptors adapted from Marian, Blumenfeld and Kaushanskaya (2007) and Baker (2011). Over one hundred English dominants (EDs) and Italian dominants (IDs) of Italian descent living in Australia were administered a survey. Results indicate that the scores yielded by the scale broadly parallel the data on self-reported dominance. The contrastive analysis of single variables, however, reveals both discrepancies and similarities between the two groups. While both groups use and are exposed to both languages and self-report high proficiency in the four skills, EDs differ from IDs across indicators such as language attrition and phonological interference. These outcomes confirm that the examination of these subgroups of Italians through the components of their language dominance offers a concise analysis of their linguistic features that makes allowance for both the individual and the societal elements of their bilingualism.

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Crea, Teresa. "New Forms, New Relationships." New Theatre Quarterly 8, no. 29 (February 1992): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00006345.

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DID YOUR DESIRE to start up an Italian theatre in Australia arise from your visiting the town your parents came from in Calabria?No, but certainly visiting that town in Calabria influenced the type of Italian theatre I wanted to make. My desire to do Italian theatre was a desire to do something I was interested in – I'd been studying drama and also studying Italian formally, both were of interest to me, and I felt that the two could be combined. At the time, strategically, I also met Christopher Bell, who was interested in both things as well.

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Pascoe, Robert, and Patrick Bertola. "Italian miners and the second‐generation ‘Britishers’ at Kalgoorlie, Australia∗." Social History 10, no. 1 (January 1985): 9–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071028508567609.

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Saunders, Kay. "Down on the farm: Italian POWs in Australia 1941–47." Journal of Australian Studies 19, no. 46 (September 1995): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443059509387234.

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D'Orazzi, Giuseppe. "University Students’ Demotivation in Learning Second Languages." International Journal of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education 1 (December 9, 2020): 28–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/ijlcle.v1i0.31151.

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Prior studies report a tendency of university students in Australia to quit their beginner level second language (L2) courses at an early stage (Martín et al., 2016; Nettelbeck et al., 2007). Demotivational patterns are meta-analyzed to understand what hampers the interest in learning French, German, Italian and Spanish of continuing students, discontinuing students, and quitters over one year of studies at Australian universities. Such a distinction across categories of students is offered in line with Martín et al.’s (2016) research. Demotivators are structured on three levels of analysis drawing on Gruba et al.’s (2016) and The Douglas Fir Group’s (2016) frameworks, which encapsulate three levels of analysis, specifically micro, meso and macro. Findings suggest that beginner L2 students in Australia are demotivated by all three levels of analysis in very dynamic and interchangeable ways. Students were found to concurrently experience very different degrees of demotivation over time.

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Bassett, Julie K., Dallas R. English, Michael T. Fahey, Andrew B. Forbes, Lyle C. Gurrin, Julie A. Simpson, Maree T. Brinkman, Graham G. Giles, and Allison M. Hodge. "Validity and calibration of the FFQ used in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 13 (April 14, 2016): 2357–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016000690.

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AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability and validity of the FFQ administered to participants in the follow-up of the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS), and to provide calibration coefficients.DesignA random sample stratified by country of birth, age, sex and BMI was selected from MCCS participants. Participants completed two FFQ and three 24 h recalls over 1 year. Reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Validity coefficients (VC) were estimated from structural equation models and calibration coefficients obtained from regression calibration models.SettingAdults born in Australia, Greece or Italy.SubjectsNine hundred and sixty-five participants consented to the study; of these, 459 participants were included in the reliability analyses and 615 in the validity and calibration analyses.ResultsThe FFQ showed good repeatability for twenty-three nutrients with ICC ranging from 0·66 to 0·80 for absolute nutrient intakes for Australian-born and from 0·51 to 0·74 for Greek/Italian-born. For Australian-born, VC ranged from 0·46 (monounsaturated fat) to 0·83 (Ca) for nutrient densities, comparing well with other studies. For Greek/Italian-born, VC were between 0·21 (Na) and 0·64 (riboflavin). Calibration coefficients for nutrient densities ranged from 0·39 (retinol) to 0·74 (Mg) for Australian-born and from 0·18 (Zn) to 0·54 (riboflavin) for Greek/Italian-born.ConclusionsThe FFQ used in the MCCS follow-up study is suitable for estimating energy-adjusted nutrients for Australian-born participants. However, its performance for estimating intakes is poorer for southern European migrants and alternative dietary assessment methods ought to be considered if dietary data are to be measured in similar demographic groups.

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Febbo, Salvatore, and Peter W. Burvill. "Validation of an Italian Translation of the 30-Item General Health Questionnaire for Use in Australia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 29, no. 2 (June 1995): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048679509075919.

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A validity study of an Italian translation of the GHQ-30 was conducted on a sample of 96 Italian-born subjects in the community in Perth, Western Australia, using the shortened version of the Present State Examination as the gold standard for a “case” of non-psychotic psychiatric morbidity. The 96 subjects were a subsample of a study of 1109 subjects seen in a community survey, in which 45.8% had a score above 4 on the GHQ-30. It was found that 5/6 was the most appropriate cut-off point. At this level the sensitivity was 81.2% the specificity 79.7% the positive predictive value 66.7% the negative predictive value 89.5% and the overall misclassification rate 19.8%. Adjusting the results to truly reflect the lower case-prevalence rate in the community, using a method suggested by Goldberg, the corresponding values were 57.7% 92.6% 66.7% 89.5% and 14.6%. It was concluded that this version of the GHQ-30 is suitable for use in the Italian-born, in the community and in general practice in Australia, using a cut-off point of 5/6.

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CARRAFA, GINO P., CYNTHIA L. SCHULTZ, and KOSMAS X. SMYRNIOS. "Differences between Anglo-Celtic and Italian Caregivers of Dependent Elderly Persons: a Pilot Study." Ageing and Society 17, no. 6 (November 1997): 699–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x97006697.

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This paper describes a preliminary investigation of differences in family caregiving in Australia. Forty-eight Italian-born family caregivers of dependent elderly persons were compared with 461 caregivers of Anglo-Celtic origin on measures reflecting psychological health and well-being, and on a range of socio-demographic variables. The latter had participated in the national Caring for Family Caregivers (CFC) group programme; the former are residents of the Melbourne metropolitan area. Statistical tests were conducted on measures which included the Affect Balance Scale (Bradburn and Noll 1969) and the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger et al. 1983) and its translation (Pedrabassi and Santinello 1989). Findings indicated that Italians reported experiencing significantly less trait anxiety than Anglo-Celtic caregivers. Furthermore, significantly more Italians used community supports, were employed full-time, had lower levels of education, and reported better levels of general health than Anglo-Celtics. Implications for research and practice are drawn.

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Gabaccia, Donna R. "Global Geography of ‘Little Italy’: Italian Neighbourhoods in Comparative Perspective." Modern Italy 11, no. 1 (February 2006): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940500489510.

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Between 1870 and 1970 the migration of 26 million people from Italy produced an uneven geography of Little Italies worldwide. Migrants initially clustered residentially in many lands, and their festivals, businesses, monuments and practices of everyday life also attracted negative commentary everywhere. But neighbourhoods labelled as Little Italies came to exist almost exclusively in North America and Australia. Comparison of Italy's migrants in the three most important former ‘settler colonies’ of the British Empire (the USA, Canada, Australia) to other world regions suggests why this was the case. Little Italies were, to a considerable extent, the product of what Robert F. Harney termed the Italo-phobia of the English-speaking world. English-speakers’ understandings of race and their history of anti-Catholicism helped to create an ideological foundation for fixing foreignness upon urban spaces occupied by immigrants who seemed racially different from the earlier Anglo-Celtic and northern European settlers.

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Furlan, Raffaello. "Cultural Traditions and Architectural Form of Italian Transnational Houses in Australia." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 9, no. 2 (July 13, 2015): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v9i2.688.

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The purpose of this article is to investigate the connection between cultural traditions and house form which, according to scholars, is in danger of being lost, and so contribute to the revival of critical interest in such a connection. This paper does not intend to focus on the exploration of the relation between culture as a way of life and the spatial form of the house. Instead, the main objective of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of the nature of vernacular architecture in a precise context: this study will be focusing on the architectural form of vernacular houses built in Brisbane in the post WWII period by first generation Italian migrants, namely upon the way the house’s structure, materials and construction technique, decorative feature on the façade, were influenced by migrants’ cultural traditions.

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LAMPUGNANI, ROSARIO. "Postwar Migration Policies with Particular Reference to Italian Migration to Australia*." Australian Journal of Politics & History 33, no. 3 (April 7, 2008): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.1987.tb00146.x.

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Ricatti, Francesco. "Histories of Madness: the Abject Perspective of Italian Women in Australia." Australian Journal of Politics & History 54, no. 3 (September 2008): 434–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.2008.00508.x.

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Faggion, Laura, and Raffaello Furlan. "The Symbolic Realm of Italian Migrants’ POST-WWII HOUSES in Australia." Home Cultures 14, no. 3 (September 2, 2017): 213–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17406315.2018.1507738.

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Stanaway, Fiona F., Hal L. Kendig, Fiona M. Blyth, Robert G. Cumming, Vasi Naganathan, and Louise M. Waite. "Subjective Social Support in Older Male Italian-Born Immigrants in Australia." Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 26, no. 2 (April 12, 2011): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10823-011-9144-z.

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Moss, D. "Anomalies in the Academy: The Vicissitudes of Italian Studies in Australia." Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474022204042683.

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Taylor, A. W., E. Dal Grande, P. Fateh-Moghadam, A. Montgomerie, L. Battisti, H. Barrie, C. Kourbelis, and S. Campostrini. "Comparison of Health and Risk Factors of Older, Working-age Australians, Italians and Italian-born Migrants to Australia, with Data from an Italian (PASSI), and an Australian (SAMSS) Risk Factor Surveillance System." Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health 20, no. 5 (September 26, 2017): 1190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-017-0654-9.

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Zanardi, Nicoletta. "Cohesion in Italian adult learners’ and native speakers’ compositions." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 17, no. 2 (January 1, 1994): 22–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.17.2.02zan.

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Abstract This paper presents data from a cross-sectional study of the use of cohesion in Italian texts written by L2 adult learners and by native speakers. Twenty-six free compositions were analysed for cohesion: eighteen by anglophone learners of Italian attending first, second, third and fourth year of Italian at Sydney University, and eight by native speakers of Italian divided in two groups: one of students, who have either done their schooling in Italy or recently arrived in Australia, the other of Italian professionals living in Sydney. More specifically, cohesion was analysed for the three categories of reference, conjunction and lexical cohesion. The objective of the study is twofold: a) to compare learners and native speakers in their use of cohesion, and b) to observe the developmental sequences in the use of cohesion in the six different groups. Examples from the texts are given and a tentative interpretation of the data is presented.

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Buonamano, Roberto, Alberto Cei, and Antonio Mussino. "Participation Motivation in Italian Youth Sport." Sport Psychologist 9, no. 3 (September 1995): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.9.3.265.

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An important issue facing youth sport researchers is understanding why youth participate in sport programs. Most participation motivation studies have been carried out in the United States and in Anglophone countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. These studies have identified a fairly consistent set of motivational factors for participation. Starting from this premise, descriptive research on youth participation motivation is reported to verify if, in a Latin country with a sport culture different from Anglophone countries, the same set of motivational factors could be identified. Young athletes (N = 2,598, aged 9–18 years), involved in different sports, completed the modified Italian version of the Participation Motivation Questionnaire (Gill, Gross, & Huddleston, 1983). Factor analyses showed a set of motivational factors fairly consistent with the research conducted in Anglophone countries. Differences were found among participants in relation to gender, age, sport, parents’ educational level, and geographical area.

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Lyon, Drew J., David R. Huggins, and John F. Spring. "Windrow Burning Eliminates Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) Seed Viability." Weed Technology 30, no. 1 (March 2016): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00118.1.

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Windrow burning is one of several harvest weed seed control strategies that have been developed and evaluated in Australia to address the widespread evolution of multiple herbicide resistance in annual weeds. Herbicide-resistant Italian ryegrass populations are common in the Palouse region of eastern Washington and northern Idaho. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of burning standing stubble and narrow windrows on the survival of Italian ryegrass seed on the soil surface and to determine the amount of crop residue remaining after both practices. Italian ryegrass emergence was 63, 48, and 1% for the nonburned check, burned standing stubble, and burned windrow treatments, respectively. Crop-residue dry weights were 9.94, 5.69, and 5.79 Mg ha−1 for these same treatments. Windrow burning can be an effective tactic in an integrated weed management strategy for Italian ryegrass control in the Palouse region of eastern Washington and northern Idaho.

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Carolan-Olah, Mary, and Angie Cassar. "The Experiences of Older Italian Migrants With Type 2 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study." Journal of Transcultural Nursing 29, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659617696974.

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Purpose: Older Italian migrants in Australia are a vulnerable group, with high rates of type 2 diabetes and low levels of English language proficiency. The project explored the experience of living with diabetes and factors that facilitated or inhibited access to diabetes services. Method: Focus groups were conducted in Italian with 13 participants with type 2 diabetes, aged 68 to 85 years. Results: Findings indicate five main themes, including (a) the value of health, (b) the impact of diabetes, (c) making changes, (d) managing diabetes, and (e) access to information and services. Conclusion: The social context of food, presented the greatest impediment to successful diabetes self-management for this group of older Italian migrants. Participants identified a need for greater community engagement and education. Implications for Practice: A need for greater access to interpreters and information in Italian was identified. Counselling services may be necessary for this group.

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Parkinson, Amber, and John Hajek. "Keeping it all in the family." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics. Series S 18 (January 1, 2004): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.18.07par.

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Although the Italian system of address pronouns is relatively complex, scant attention is paid to the issue in L2 manuals designed for English-speaking learners of Italian. After showing that Italian L2 manuals are not necessarily accurate in the limited detail they provide, we examine specifically the frequent claim that so-called informal tu is always used within the family. Results of a large quantitative survey conducted with native speakers of Italian in Italy and Australia show the situation to be much more complicated. Alongside tu, the more formal Lei, and the often ignored Voi, are also used, according to the interlocutor in question. Close genetic relation and proximity of age, operating independently of each other, are clear predictors of reciprocal use of tu. Otherwise, non-reciprocal use of Lei-tu and Voi-tu and even the more formal reciprocal use of Lei are not unknown in a family setting. Observations are made as to how these patterns group, along with a number of other observations about pronoun use. Finally, pedagogical suggestions that might allow English-speaking learners of Italian to understand address pronouns in Italian better and use them more accurately are also provided.

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Vecoli, Rudolph J., Lydio F. Tomasi, Piero Gastaldo, and Thomas Row. "The Columbus People: Perspectives in Italian Immigration to the Americas and Australia." International Migration Review 29, no. 2 (1995): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2546800.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Italian Australia'

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