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1
Banerjee, Shesadri, and Parantap Basu. "TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS AND BUSINESS CYCLES IN INDIA." Macroeconomic Dynamics 23, no. 5 (July 26, 2017): 1721–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100517000438.
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In this paper, we develop a small open economy New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to understand the relative importance of two key technology shocks, Hicks neutral total factor productivity (TFP) shock and investment specific technology (IST) shock for an emerging market economy like India. In addition to these two shocks, our model includes three demand side shocks such as fiscal spending, home interest rate, and foreign interest rate. Using a Bayesian approach, we estimate our DSGE model with Indian annual data for key macroeconomic variables over the period of 1971–2010, and for subsamples of pre-liberalization (1971–1990) and post-liberalization (1991–2010) periods. Our study reveals three main results. First, output correlates positively with TFP, but negatively with IST. Second, TFP and IST shocks are the first and the second most important contributors to aggregate fluctuations in India. In contrast, the demand side disturbances play a limited role. Third, although TFP plays a major role in determining aggregate fluctuations, its importance vis-à-vis IST has declined during the post liberalization era. We find that structural shifts of nominal friction and relative home bias for consumption to investment in the post-liberalization period can account for the rising importance of the IST shocks in India.
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Freund, Anne, Steffen Desch, and Holger Thiele. "Myokardrevaskularisierung im infarktbedingten kardiogenen Schock." Aktuelle Kardiologie 8, no. 04 (August 2019): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0938-3104.
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ZusammenfassungCirca 10% der Patienten mit akutem Myokardinfarkt entwickeln einen kardiogenen Schock. Der wichtigste Eckpfeiler zur Therapie des infarktbedingten Schockes ist die frühzeitige Revaskularisierung. Es konnte in randomisierten Studien eine signifikante Verbesserung des Überlebens im Vergleich zu einer alleinigen medikamentösen Therapie belegt werden. Die perkutane Koronarintervention ist die dominierende Methode der Revaskularisierung. Bei mechanischen Komplikationen oder komplexer Koronaranatomie wird eine zeitnahe Konsultation des Heartteams empfohlen. Im Falle einer perkutanen Intervention bei koronarer Mehrgefäßerkrankung konnte in der randomisierten CULPRIT-SHOCK-Studie ein Überlebensvorteil für Patienten mit initial alleiniger Versorgung des infarktverursachenden Gefäßes im Vergleich zur sofortigen Mehrgefäßintervention gezeigt werden. Die Evidenz zu Therapieregimen bezüglich Antikoagulation und Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung ist gering.
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Florêncio, João. "Dancing to the Rhythm of a Geiger Counter: Modern(ist) Narcissism and the Anthropo(s)cenic Shock." Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture 10, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2013): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51151/identities.v10i1-2.286.
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In 2011, the biggest nuclear accident since Chernobyl took place at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan. Soon after the nuclear accident, a video appeared on YouTube in which a rogue power plant worker walked towards one of the site’s CCTV cameras and pointed to its centre while watching his own image being streamed live on his smartphone. Despite it clearly being a reinterpretation of Centers, the 1971 performance by Vito Acconci, this essay argues that the Fukushima reenactment not only questioned the cultural paradigms that grounded Acconci’s original gesture, but also signaled the urgent need for humankind to reconsider its own ontological and epistemological grounds in the face of imminent extinction. By comparing Vito Acconci’s Centers with its Fukushima reenactment, the essay tells the history of Modernity and of its failure as a project of human emancipation, grounded on a fantasy of human mastery of ‘Nature.’
Author(s): João Florêncio
Title (English): Dancing to the Rhythm of a Geiger Counter: Modern(ist) Narcissism and the Anthropo(s)cenic Shock
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 10, No. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2013)
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje
Page Range: 111-122
Page Count: 12
Citation (English): João Florêncio, “Dancing to the Rhythm of a Geiger Counter: Modern(ist) Narcissism and the Anthropo(s)cenic Shock,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 10, No. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2013): 111-122.
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Haas, F., and U. Kaulbars. "Hand-Arm-Vibrationseinwirkungen durch Einzelstöße im Freizeitbereich/Hand-arm vibration effects from individual impacts in the leisure sector." Lärmbekämpfung 14, no. 03 (2019): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1863-4672-2019-03-25.
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Hand-Arm-Vibrationseinwirkungen durch Einzelstöße sind ein Phänomen, das aus der Berufswelt bekannt und im Bereich der Hand-Arm-Vibrationen angesiedelt ist. Beispielsweise sind Arbeiten mit schlagenden Geräten wie Bolzensetzern und Druckluftnaglern mit stoßartigen Belastungen des Hand-Arm-Systems verbunden. Auch im Freizeitbereich lassen sich stoßartige Belastungen des Hand-Arm-Systems beobachten. Typische Freizeitaktivitäten, in denen stoßartige Belastungen auf das Hand-Arm-System erfolgen, sind z. B. Tennis, Golf oder Squash. Am Beispiel der Freizeitaktivität Golf untersuchte das Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (IFA) die Hand-Arm-Vibrationseinwirkungen durch Einzelstöße im Freizeitbereich. Single-impact hand-arm vibration is a phenomenon well known in the world of work and in the area of hand-arm vibration. For example, work with beating devices such as bolt makers and pneumatic nailers are associated with shock loads on the hand-arm system. Even in the leisure sector can be observed shock loads of the hand-arm system. Typical recreational activities in which shock loads on the hand-arm system take place, for. As tennis, golf or squash. Using the example of leisure activity Golf, the Institute for Occupational Safety of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA) examined the hand-arm vibration effects caused by individual impacts in the leisure sector.
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Aebi. "Exanthem als Leitsymptom beim febrilen Kind." Therapeutische Umschau 62, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930.62.8.549.
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Eine häufige Herausforderung im Praxisalltag ist, unter den vielen banalen Exanthemen bei febrilen Kindern diejenigen zu erkennen, die Warnzeichen für Krankheiten sind, die rasch spezifische Maßnahmen erfordern. Wichtige exanthematische Krankheiten, die eine notfallmäßige Hospitalisation erfordern, sind die invasive Meningokokkeninfektion, gram-negative Septikämien anderer Ätiologie, das Toxic-Shock Syndrom verursacht durch S. aureus oder S. pyogenes, die Endokarditis, exanthematische Krankheiten bei Tropenrückkehrern und das Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrom. Therapiebedarf ohne zwingende oder mit nicht-notfallmäßiger Hospitalisationsindikation besteht bei Scharlach, rheumatischem Fieber, Varizellen des postpuberalen oder immunkompromittierten Patienten, beim Kawasaki Syndrom, bei Morbus Still und anderen entzündlichen, nicht-infektiösen Krankheiten. Anderweitige Maßnahmen sind erforderlich bei meldepflichtigen exanthematischen Infektionskrankheiten, Ringelröteln (Parvovirus B19), primärer HIV Infektion und bei Purpura Schönlein-Henoch.
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Funk, Lothar. "Staatliche Krisenpolitik in der Pandemie: ausgewählte Lehren der Ökonomik." Sozialer Fortschritt 70, no. 10-11 (October 1, 2021): 569–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/sfo.70.10-11.569.
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Zusammenfassung Gesellschaften erwarten von ihren Regierungen, dass sie die negativen Effekte eines Pandemieschocks minimieren. Dieser ist zugleich ein extremer Gesundheits-, aber auch ökonomischer und Gesellschaftsschock. Zudem beschuldigen Kritiker die Politik, individuelle Freiheit zu sehr zu beschränken, um Menschen vor Covid-19 zu schützen. Eine Pandemie wird idealtypisch in Phasen mit unterschiedlicher staatlicher Politik zur Kontrolle und Bekämpfung der Krise eingeteilt. Pandemien verursachen Kollektivgutprobleme, da temporäre Beschränkungen zur Krisenüberwindung nötig sind. Individuelle Eigenverantwortung reicht während einer Pandemie nicht aus. Ergänzend ist kollektive Selbstbegrenzung erforderlich, um Trittbrettfahrerprobleme zu überwinden. Abstract: Public Crisis Policy During a Pandemic: Selected Lessons of Economics Societies expect their governments to minimize the negative impact of the pandemic shock which represents both an extreme health as well as economic and societal challenge. At the same time, critics blame incumbent leaders often for hurting individual freedom and livelihood unpardonable in order to save lives from the covid-19 disease. The article considers ideal typical phases of a pandemic with differing public policies to control and fight the crisis. During a pandemic, space becomes a ‘collective good’ where some kind of rationing is needed if other protective measures work only insufficiently. Personal responsibility only is insufficient during a pandemic. Shared responsibility is needed also in order to avoid free riding problems.
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Nakakuki, Kazuo, Kazuo Yamafuji, and Osamu Shikata. "Motion Control of a Robot Composed of Three Serial Links with Curved Contour (Ist Report; Concept and Dynamic Control of the Robot)." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 4, no. 6 (December 20, 1992): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1992.p0497.
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The authors developed several kinds of robots having a smaller number of actuators than links. Motion controls of these robots were successfully accomplished using dynamic interference forces. For example, a swing and mobile robot was developed consisting of pivoted double-link arms and a single motor. This robot is capable of shifting itself from one horizontal bar to another by utilizing vibrational excitation. In this study, we elaborated a robot composed of three serial links with a curved contour and made it perform several dynamic motions. The outer contour of each link has a large curvature, and the links are connected serially. The two outer links of the robot have the same configuration which is different from that of the central link. Two DC servomotors are installed in the two outer links. These links can move freely around the connection joints, and constitute a part of a large arc having a certain angle which is controlled by the motions of the outer links. This robot can induce large vibration on all links by swinging the two outer links while lying on the floor, and can eventually bring itself up to a standing position. On the other hand, the robot can lie down from a standing posture without sustaining a shock on impact. The robot can perform movements like those of young children on the floor. In this paper, we mainly report on the concept of the robot, the simulation procedure and experimental results for the standing-up action.
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Reddy, S. Jayanth. "Electrocution Prevention Using IoT." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 2434–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44354.
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Abstract: As you know nowadays there are many electric shocks happening due to negligence of electricity authorities. Recently, in A.S. Rao Nagar, there was an incident where a small boy got an electric shock from the transformer near his home. This happened because current was passing through water lying near the transformer. So, now the authority fixed a mesh around the transformer. But as we know current can pass through water, that mesh may not stop the conduction of electricity. Not only this accident, but there are also many cases of Electrocutions happening in India and other countries as well. So, to stop this type of electrocution we have designed this device which indicates the authorities in those situations to save people's lives.
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Baldi, Guido, and Alexander Lange. "The Interest Rate Sensitivity of Investment." Credit and Capital Markets – Kredit und Kapital: Volume 52, Issue 2 52, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/ccm.52.2.173.
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Abstract The interest rate sensitivity of investment has often played an important role in macroeconomic models. However, many vector autoregressive (VAR) models do not include investment to the list of variables. In this paper, we empirically investigate the size and the evolution of the interest rate sensitivity of investment for the United States and the four largest European economies in the last few decades. We use a VAR model with four variables at quarterly frequency: real investment, real gross domestic product (GDP), inflation, and a measure of the short-term interest rate. In our VAR, the structural interest rate shock is identified under the assumption that macroeconomic quantities and inflation react to interest rate innovations with a lag. We test the appropriateness of this specification by comparing our approach with the identification of shocks derived from the changes in volatility approach. For the countries under consideration, we determine a date during either the 1980s or the 1990s where the interest rate sensitivity of investment began to decrease and became less responsive to monetary policy. In addition, we find that the interest rate sensitivity of investment has been higher in the United States than in Europe, particularly in the first subperiod. Zusammenfassung Die Zinssensitivität der Investitionen spielt oft eine große Rolle in theoretischen makroökonomischen Modellen. In dieser Studie untersuchen wir empirisch die Höhe und die zeitliche Änderung der Zinssensitivität der Investitionen für die Vereinigten Staaten und die vier größten europäischen Volkswirtschaften. Wir verwenden ein VAR-Modell mit vier Variablen: reale Investitionen, reales Bruttoinlandsprodukt, Inflation und kurzfristige Zinsen. In unserem VAR identifizieren wir den strukturellen Schock unter der Annahme, dass die realen makroökonomischen Variablen verzögert auf einen Zinsschock reagieren. Wir testen die Angemessenheit dieser Spezifikation, indem wir unsere Vorgehensweise mit der Identifikation durch den “changes in volatility approach” vergleichen. Wir finden heraus, dass entweder in den 1980er oder frühen 1990er Jahren ein Strukturbruch stattgefunden und sich die Zinssensitivität der Investitionen verringert hat. Interessanterweise zeigen unsere Resultate zudem, dass die Zinssensitivität der Investitionen in den Vereinigten Staaten höher gewesen ist als in den untersuchten europäischen Ländern – insbesondere bis in die 1980er Jahre. JEL Classification: E22, E43, E52
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Fukami, Josiane, Clara de la Osa, Francisco Javier Ollero, Manuel Megías, and Mariangela Hungria. "Co-inoculation of maize with Azospirillum brasilense and Rhizobium tropici as a strategy to mitigate salinity stress." Functional Plant Biology 45, no. 3 (2018): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp17167.
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Plants are highly affected by salinity, but some plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) may trigger induced systemic tolerance (IST), conferring protection against abiotic stresses. We investigated plant mechanisms under saline stress (170 mM NaCl) when maize was singly or co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 and Rhizobium tropici strain CIAT 899. Under greenhouse conditions, plants responded positively to inoculation and co-inoculation, but with differences between strains. Inoculation affected antioxidant enzymes that detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS) – ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) – mainly in leaves. Proline contents in leaves and roots and malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves – plant-stress-marker molecules – were significantly reduced due to the inoculation, indicating reduced need for the synthesis of these molecules. Significant differences were attributed to inoculation in the expression of genes related to antioxidant activity, in general with upregulation of APX1, CAT1, SOD2 and SOD4 in leaves, and APX2 in roots. Pathogenesis-related genes PR1, prp2, prp4 and heat-shock protein hsp70 were downregulated in leaves and roots, indicating that inoculation with PGPB might reduce the need for this protection. Together the results indicate that inoculation with PGPB might provide protection from the negative effects of saline stress. However, differences were observed between strains, as A. brasilense Ab-V5 did not show salt tolerance, while the best inoculation treatments to mitigate saline stress were with Ab-V6 and co-inoculation with Ab-V6+CIAT 899. Inoculation with these strains may represent an effective strategy to mitigate salinity stress.
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Garlappi, Lorenzo, and Zhongzhi Song. "Investment Shocks and Asset Prices: An Investment-Based Approach." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 55, no. 8 (October 4, 2019): 2665–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109019000796.
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We propose a new approach, based on investment data, to determine firms’ return exposure to investment-specific technology (IST) shocks. When applied to U.S. data, we find that, in contrast to the pattern estimated from empirical IST proxies, value firms have higher exposure to IST shocks than growth firms. When applied to simulated data from existing theoretical models, our approach reveals that existing empirical findings may result from measurement errors in the IST proxies. Importantly, our simulation analysis uncovers the key role played by investment data in determining the economic mechanism through which IST shocks affect cross-sectional asset prices.
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Jati, Kumara, and Aziza Rahmaniar Salam. "Governance and Accountability of Macroeconomic Variables to Accelerate Sustainable Development." Cendekia Niaga 5, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52391/jcn.v5i1.576.
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Abstract
Fluctuation in macroeconomics variables has given a difficulty to interested parties to implement good governance and appropriate accountability to accelerate sustainable development. This is a research to understand how to maintain stability of macroeconomic variables and its relations with partner countries. This study takes the examples of three major countries in Asia, Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand (IMT), and India. Moreover, public sector openness and public administration need to facilitate information disclosure and increased cooperation between countries. Based on VAR model, the shock effect of macroeconomic variables (exchange rates, interest rates and foreign exchange reserves) vary each other. The existence of shock indicates the transmission among variables indirectly through intermediate channel, such as: capital, commodity and money market between 4 countries. Model ARMA-ARCH/GARCH and STSM shows macroeconomic variables in IMT and India will be relatively maintained and stable in 2022. Good governance should be based on principles of accountability, innovation, integration, and collaboration. Economic structure similarity and diplomatic relations established for decades have made IMT and India able to help each other to facilitated information disclosure and increased cooperation between the countries. However, the presence of shock from outside remains to be watched out as the global changes can disrupt the sustainable development.
Abstrak
Fluktuasi variable ekonomi makro telah memberikan kesulitan bagi pihak yang berkepentingan untuk menerapkan Tata Kelola yang baik dan Akuntabilitas yang tepat untuk mempercepat pembangunan berkelanjutan. Ini adalah penelitian untuk memahami bagaimana menjaga stabilitas variable ekonomi makro dan hubungannya dengan negara-negara mitra. Studi ini mengambil contoh tiga negara utama di Asia, Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand (IMT) dan India. Selain itu, keterbukaan sektor publik dan administrasi public perlu memfasilitasi keterbukaan informasi dan peningkatan kerjasama antar negara. Berdasarkan model Vector AutoRegression (VAR), Shok variable ekonomi makro (nilai tukar, suku bunga dan cadangan devisa) bervariasi satu sama lain. Keberadaan shok menunjukkan adanya transmisi antar variable secara tidak langsung melalui saluran perantara, seperti: pasar modal, pasar komoditas dan pasar uang antara 4 negara. Model ARMA-ARCH/GARCH dan Struktural Time-Series Model (STSM) menunjukkan bahwa variable ekonomi makro di IMT dan India akan relatif dapat dipertahankan dan stabil pada tahun 2022. Tata Kelola yang baik harus didasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip akuntabilitas, inovasi, integrasi, dan kolaborasi. Kemiripan struktur ekonomi dan hubungan diplomatik yang dibangun selama beberapa decade telah membuat IMT dan India dapat saling membantu untuk memfasilitasi pengungkapan informasi dan peningkatan kerjasama antar negara. Namun, keberadaan shok dari luar masih harus diwaspadai karena perubahan global dapat mengganggu pembangunan berkelanjutan.
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Martínez-García, Enrique, and Jens Søndergaard. "INVESTMENT AND REAL EXCHANGE RATES IN STICKY PRICE MODELS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 17, no. 2 (May 25, 2012): 195–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100511000095.
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This paper investigates how the inclusion of capital in the workhorse new open economy macro model affects its ability to generate volatile and persistent real exchange rates. We show that capital accumulation facilitates intertemporal consumption smoothing and significantly reduces the volatility of the real exchange rate. Nonetheless, monetary and investment-specific technology (IST) shocks still induce more real exchange rate volatility and less consumption comovement than productivity shocks (with or without capital). We find that endogenous persistence is particularly sensitive to the inertia of the monetary policy rule even with persistent exogenous shocks. However, irrespective of whether capital is present, productivity and IST shocks trigger highly persistent real exchange rates, whereas monetary shocks do not. Moreover, we point out that IST shocks tend to generate countercyclical real exchange rates—unlike productivity or monetary shocks—but have the counterfactual effect of also producing excessive investment volatility and countercyclical consumption.
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Peffault de Latour, Régis, Sylvie Chevret, Charlotte Jubert, Anne Sirvent, Claire Galambrun, Annalisa Ruggeri, Virginie Gandemer, et al. "Efficacy and Safety of Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation in Patients with Acquired Refractory Aplastic Anemia: A Phase II Study on Behalf of Eurocord and the Francophone Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 2671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2671.2671.
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Abstract Background: While therapeutic outcomes in patients (pts) with acquired severe aplastic anemia (SAA) has greatly improved in recent years, results remain poor for pts who are refractory to first-line immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and lack a matched unrelated donor. We conducted a prospective multi-center phase II uncontrolled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of cord blood transplantation (CBT) in refractory SAA pts (NCT 01343953). Patients and methods: Pts with SAA refractory to IST with anti-thymocyte globuline (ATG) and ciclosporin (CsA) were eligible in case of no existing matched unrelated donor but available one or two unrelated CB units containing alone or both together more than 4 x 107/Kg frozen nucleated cells/Kg (no more than 2 out of 6 HLA mismatches allowed between each CB unit and the pts). Pts with isolated bone marrow cytogenetic abnormality (absence of morphologic evidence of myelodysplastic syndrome) were also eligible. The conditioning regimen consisted of fludarabine 30mg/m2 (D-6 to D-3), cyclophosphamide 30mg/kg (D-6 to D-3), ATG (thymoglobulin) 2.5mg/kg at D-3 and D-2 (5mg/Kg total dose) and total body irradiation (2 Gray) on D-2. All pts received one injection of anti-CD20 (150 mg/m2) to prevent EBV reactivation (D+5). CsA was given alone as prophylaxis for graft versus host disease (GVHD). The trial used the Fleming's Single Stage Phase II Design, with sample size computed to demonstrate an improved overall survival (OS) rate at one year from 20% up to 50%, with type I and type II error rates set at 0.05. A minimum sample of 25 pts was required, with a minimum number of 9 pts alive at one year needed to indicate treatment efficacy. Secondary endpoints included cumulative incidences (CumI) of engraftment, acute and chronic GVHD (aGVHD and cGVHD), infections, relapse and late cause of death. Results: 29 pts were included between June 2011 and October 2015. One pt was diagnosed with dyskeratosis congenita and a matched unrelated donor was identified for another pt between inclusion and anticipated date of CBT (exclusion criteria). One pt died before CBT due to a septic shock (D+4 after inclusion). Analyses were conducted in the remaining 26 pts. Median time between SAA diagnosis and CBT was 12 months (interquartile range (IQR) 8.7 to 17.8). All pts received at least one course of IST before CBT (2 courses, n=8). Twenty-three pts received 20 or more transfusions before CBT. BM karyotyping showed 2 pts respectively with monosomy 7 in 4 and 15 mitoses as well as one pt with trisomy 8 in 4 mitoses before CBT. Eight pts (31%) have a PNH clone (median 4.5% [IQR: 3.1-9.7]). Median age at time of CBT was 16 years (IQR 8.25 to 23) and median follow-up is 13.2 months (IQR 4.1 - 23.5). Three out of 26 pts incorrectly received twice the dose of ATG (10mg/Kg total dose) due to protocol violation. Sixteen pts received one CB and 10 received two CB units. Median number of nucleated cells infused was 3.7 x 107/Kg (IQR, 3-4.9) and CD34+ cells infused was 1.4 x 105/Kg (IQR, 1.0-1.9). Myeloid engraftment occurred in 23 pts, with a 60 day-CumI of neutrophil engraftment of 88.5% with full chimerism for all of them. Three pts did not engraft (2 deaths at D71 and D92 and one successful second HSCT). The 100 day-CumI of grade II-IV acute GVHD was 40% (95% CI, 20-60) (8 grade II; 0 grade III; 2 grade IV). Among the 23 pts alive at day 100, five developed cGVHD leading to a one-year CumI of cGVHD at 27% (95% CI, 7-47) (severe cGvHD in 2 pts). During follow-up, 8 pts experienced a total of 18 grade III infections with a 6-month CumI of 32% (95% CI, 13-51). None of the pts presented post-transplant EBV-related lymphoproliferative disorder. Immune reconstitution is shown in Figure 1. Three pts died before 1 year due to non-engraftment (n=2) and infection (n=1, one of those who received twice the dose of ATG). With 23 pts alive at 1 year, the primary objective of the study was thus reached. The one-year treatment related mortality (TRM) was 15% (95%CI, 4-35). One additional pt who had also received twice the dose of ATG died (severe cGvHD) after one year (at 13.6 months), resulting in a 14-month OS of 81% (95%CI, 66-100) (Figure 2). Conclusion: CBT with at least 4 x 107/Kg frozen nucleated cells/Kg after a FLU-CY-TBI-ATG conditioning regimen gave rise to very encouraging results in this particular high risk SAA refractory population. Pediatric and young adult SAA pts who are refractory to first-line IST should now be considered either way for matched unrelated donor or CBT. Disclosures Peffault de Latour: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Alexion: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding.
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Kohl, S., M. Salz, S. Czesla, and J. H. M. M. Schmitt. "HD 189733 b: bow shock or no shock?" Astronomy & Astrophysics 619 (November 2018): A96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833567.
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Context. Hot Jupiters are surrounded by extended atmospheres of neutral hydrogen. Observations have provided evidence for in-transit hydrogen Hα absorption as well as variable pre-transit absorption signals. These have been interpreted in terms of a bow shock or an accretion stream that transits the host star before the planet. Aims. We test the hypothesis of planetary-related Hα absorption by studying the time variability of the Hα and stellar activity-sensitive calcium lines in high-resolution TIGRE (Telescopio Internacional de Guanajuato Robótico Espectroscópico) spectra of the planet host HD 189733. Methods. In the framework of an observing campaign spanning several months, the host star was observed several times per week randomly sampling the orbital phases of the planet. We determine the equivalent width in the Hα and Ca IRT(calcium infrared triplet) lines, and subtract stellar rotationally induced activity from the Hα time series via its correlation with the IRT evolution. The residuals are explored for significant differences between the pre-, in-, and out-of-transit phases. Results. We find strong stellar rotational variation with a lifetime of about 20–30 days in all activity indicators, but the corrected Hα time series exhibits no significant periodic variation. We exclude the presence of more than 6.2 mÅ pre-transit absorption and 5.6 mÅ in-transit absorption in the corrected Hα data at a 99% confidence level. Conclusions. Previously observed Hα absorption signals exceed our upper limits, but they could be related to excited atmospheric states. The Hα variability in the HD 189733 system is dominated by stellar activity, and observed signals around the planetary transit may well be caused by short-term stellar variability.
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Ko, Dong-Whan. "China Shocks to Korea’s ICT Exports." Journal of Korea Trade 25, no. 4 (June 30, 2021): 146–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2021.25.4.146.
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Khoshnoud, Mohammad Javad, Majid Keshavarzi, Neda Mokhtari, Amirhossein Sakhteman, Amin Derakhshanfar, and Marzieh Rashedinia. "The Protective Effect of Nortriptyline Against Gastric Lesions Induced by Indomethacin and Cold-shock Stress in Rats." Iranian Journal of Toxicology 14, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijt.14.3.649.1.
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Background: Gastric ulcer is among the most serious stomach disorder universally. Several effective drugs are employed in the management of this disease, although there have been adverse effects in some cases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nortriptyline to protect against gastric lesions, induced by indomethacin or cold-stress in rats. Methods: Gastric lesions were induced by oral indomethacin (30 mg/kg) or cold-shock at 2-4°C. Animals were pre-treated with 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg nortriptyline. After 4hr of exposure to indomethacin or cold shock, the stomach was removed for histological examinations and the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidative stress markers were determined in the tissue samples. Results: The results showed that nortriptyline at 20 mg/kg significantly restored the activity of the oxidative stress markers, such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) enzymes. It also decreased the tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. In addition, nortriptyline at 20 mg/kg, ameliorated the gastric tissue damages caused by indomethacin or the cold shock. Conclusion: The results suggest that improvement in gastric mucosal lesions can be mediated by nortriptyline pretreatment, which is likely due to its antioxidant property.
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Mayes, David G., and Antti Suvanto. "Beyond the Fringe: Finland and the Choice of Currency." Journal of Public Policy 22, no. 2 (September 2002): 161–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x02005056.
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This paper seeks to explain why Finland, which is further from the main population and productive centres of Europe and arguably more different and more prone to asymmetric shocks than some countries that have chosen to stay out of Stage 3 of EMU, chose to participate. We argue that economically relatively marginal issues affected the choice. How the decision-making process is conducted can be as important as the balance of information on which the decision is based. We also use evidence after the event on how the economy reacts to show that some of the problems hypothesised beforehand have turned out rather more favourably than expected. In particular Finland has experienced a substantial positive asymmetric shock in the ICT sector where membership of EMU has had a very clear positive effect on the impact on the economy. Lastly we offer some limited evidence that membership of EMU itself forces some of the changes to institutions and behaviour that are required to cope with the new pressures.
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MURATA, Takumi, and Kazuhiro ISHII. "ICOPE-15-1125 Effects of hydrogen addition on soot formation in pyrolysis of iso-octane behind a reflected shock wave." Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2015.12 (2015): _ICOPE—15——_ICOPE—15—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2015.12._icope-15-_86.
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Peng, Tianfang, and Zheng You. "Reliability of MEMS in Shock Environments: 2000–2020." Micromachines 12, no. 11 (October 20, 2021): 1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12111275.
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The reliability of MEMS in shock environments is a complex area which involves structural dynamics, fracture mechanics, and system reliability theory etc. With growth in the use of MEMS in automotive, IoT, aerospace and other harsh environments, there is a need for an in-depth understanding of the reliability of MEMS in shock environments. Despite the contributions of many articles that have overviewed the reliability of MEMS panoramically, a review paper that specifically focuses on the reliability research of MEMS in shock environments is, to date, absent. This paper reviews studies which examine the reliability of MEMS in shock environments from 2000 to 2020 in six sub-areas, which are: (i) response model of microstructure, (ii) shock experimental progresses, (iii) shock resistant microstructures, (iv) reliability quantification models of microstructure, (v) electronics-system-level reliability, and (vi) the coupling phenomenon of shock with other factors. This paper fills the gap around overviews of MEMS reliability in shock environments. Through the framework of these six sub-areas, we propose some directions potentially worthy of attention for future research.
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Montgomery, Bill. "Future Shock: IoT benefits beyond traffic and lighting energy optimization." IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine 4, no. 4 (October 2015): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mce.2015.2463313.
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Bertoldi, Eduardo, Carisi Polanczyk, Luciane Cruz, Ana Etges, Liane Cardoso, Priscila da Rosa, and Luis Eduardo Rohde. "PD18 Cost-Effectiveness Of Extracorporeal Life Support In Cardiogenic Shock." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318002969.
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Introduction:Venoarterial extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is increasingly used in patients during cardiogenic shock, due to favorable results in this very high-risk scenario. However, it is a costly intervention that requires heavy financial investment and specialized human resources.Methods:Cost-effectiveness analysis to evaluate ECLS in the perspective of the Brazilian public health system (SUS) in the population of adult patients with cardiogenic shock. A decision tree comparing ECLS and usual care was built, using efficacy data from a systematic review of literature, and cost data from SUS reimbursement values. Impact of parameter variability and uncertainty were ascertained with deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis.Results:Usual care resulted in thirty percent probability of survival, at an average cost of 3,000 international dollars (Int$/USD); the strategy that includes ECLS resulted in sixty-two percent survival rate, and average cost of Int$ 23,000, with incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of Int$ 62.215 per averted in-hospital death. Results were sensitive to device cost, and survival difference between strategies. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, ECLS was consistently more costly and more effective than usual care; based on a willingness-to-pay of three times Brazilian gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (Int$ 45,000), there was twenty-seven percent probability of ECLS being cost-effective.Conclusions:ECLS has the potential to increase survival for cardiogenic shock, but would significantly increase costs. In the Brazilian public health system, the cost per averted in-hospital death is 4.1 times the domestic GDP per capita.
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Chakraborty, Niladri, Priyambada Subudhi, and Susanta Mukhopadhyay. "Shock filter-based morphological scheme for texture enhancement." IET Image Processing 13, no. 4 (March 28, 2019): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2018.5652.
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Polishchuk, Ilya, Alexander Yakobson, Melanie Zemel, Adam A Sharb, Walid Shalata, Eli Rosenberg, Tawfeek A Kian, et al. "Nivolumab-induced systemic capillary leak syndrome as an ultra rare life-threatening phenomenon of late toxicity and intravenous immunoglobulin efficacy." Immunotherapy 13, no. 10 (July 2021): 807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt-2020-0335.
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Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is a life-threatening disease. It is characterized by severe capillary hyperpermeability to proteins resulting in hemoconcentration, hypoalbuminemia and hypovolemic shock. Its treatment remains supportive, and the prognosis is generally poor. We report on a 51-year old male with melanoma treated with nivolumab for 1 year. 1 month following the completion of the treatment, the patient presented with signs of hypovolemic shock, anasarca, hemoconcentration and hypoalbuminemia. After excluding other diseases, a diagnosis of nivolumab-induced systemic capillary leak syndrome was made. A high dose of intravenous steroid therapy was promptly initiated without any significant clinical improvement. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy was then administered with normalization of blood pressure, hemoconcentration and complete resolution of anasarca. Intravenous immunoglobulin should be considered a first-line treatment option for this rare phenomenon.
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Баутин, Сергей Петрович, and Юрий Владимирович Николаев. "Numerical solution of the problem of the gas compression from rest to rest." Вычислительные технологии, no. 5(25) (October 28, 2020): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/ict.2020.25.5.005.
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Представлены результаты численного решения математической модели перевода под действием двух поршней одномерного слоя газа из одного состояния покоя (начальный момент) в покой с большим значением плотности (финальный момент). Один из поршней движется со стороны оси или центра симметрии в сторону второго неподвижного поршня. Приводятся конкретные значения масс газа и его плотностей в финальный момент, сжатие которых возможно безударным способом. Траектория сжимающего поршня получена в виде табличной зависимости. Алгоритм численного решения реализован на основе метода характеристик и использует свойство решения, что на сжимающем поршне в финальный момент сжатия возникает особенность. В особой точке решение описывается формулами центрированной волны Римана, а в ее окрестности - обобщением центрированной волны Римана. There is a flat, cylindrical or spherical layer homogeneous polytropic gas. One-dimensional and isentropic flows described by solutions of a system of gas dynamics. Let the gas be homogeneous at the initial moment of time with the density 1, and the gas velocity equal to 0 (state 1). At the final point in time the gas is again homogeneous with density large then 0 and rests (state 2). Purpose: It is need to find the gas flows that occur when a one-dimensional gas layer is shock-free compressed from the state 1 to the state 2. Methodology. In [1] was prove the existence of a solution to the problem of compression from rest to rest. To do this, the task is reduced to three initial boundary value problems. For this task the existence and uniqueness theorems of the solution are proved. In the proof of the theorems in particular, it is found that the solution has a feature on the compression piston in the final moment of compression, which at the point itself is described by the centered formula Riemann waves, and in its vicinity a generalization of the centered Riemann wave. Thus in theorems received a positive answer to the question about the existence of a solution (it can be written out in the form of an infinite series) in some area. However, theorems was not give answer about size of the solution area: no specific mass and density values were specified gas that can be compressed in the appropriate shock-free manner. In [2], the problem was solved numerically for the case of shock-free compression one-dimensional gas layer when the compression piston moves from the outside towards the axis or center symmetries. Findings. In the current work, the problem is numerically solved for the case of compression by a moving piston from inside to external stationary wall. The solution is obtained using its known properties and the method of characteristics. When numerical constructing there were no intersections of characteristics of the same family, which allows us to assert that the absence of shock waves in compression-induced flows. For specific mass values and the gas density trajectory of the compression piston was obtained in the form of table dependencies.
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Rychlík, Jakub, Martin Zeman, Jiří Hlas, Petr Šimek, Milan Sepši, and Zdeněk Klimsa. "Campylobacter myocarditis with septic shock and STEMI equivalent in a young patient." Interní medicína pro praxi 18, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/int.2016.024.
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Diop, El Hadji S., and Jesùs Angulo. "Inhomogeneous morphological PDEs for robust and adaptive image shock filters." IET Image Processing 14, no. 6 (May 11, 2020): 1035–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ipr.2019.0086.
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Zhao, Wenli, Hitoe Mori, Yuki Tomiga, Kenichi Tanaka, Rasheda Perveen, Keiichiro Mine, Chika Inadomi, et al. "HSPA8 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Is Associated with Serum HSC70 Concentration and Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease." Genes 13, no. 7 (July 16, 2022): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13071265.
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There is an association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis, but the genetic risk of atherosclerosis in NAFLD remains unclear. Here, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the heat shock 70 kDa protein 8 (HSPA8) gene was analyzed in 123 NAFLD patients who had been diagnosed using a liver biopsy, and the NAFLD phenotype including the maximum intima–media thickness (Max-IMT) of the carotid artery was investigated. Patients with the minor allele (A/G or G/G) of rs2236659 showed a lower serum heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein concentration than those with the major A/A allele. Compared with the patients with the major allele, those with the minor allele showed a higher prevalence of hypertension and higher Max-IMT in men. No significant associations between the HSPA8 genotype and hepatic pathological findings were identified. In decision-tree analysis, age, sex, liver fibrosis, and HSPA8 genotype were individually associated with severe carotid artery atherosclerosis (Max-IMT ≥ 1.5 mm). Noncirrhotic men aged ≥ 65 years were most significantly affected by the minor allele of HSPA8. To predict the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, HSPA8 SNP genotyping might be useful, particularly for older male NAFLD patients.
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Sidorenko, Yu I., D. N. Balabolin, Yu G. Simakov, S. A. Livinskaya, I. M. Yuditskaya, E. A. Plechev, A. A. Sidorenko, A. I. Trotsyuk, and D. A. Shurupov. "Meat storage under acoustic freezing conditions and assessment of its biotoxicity (part 1)." Tovaroved prodovolstvennykh tovarov (Commodity specialist of food products), no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/igt-01-2203-06.
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The necessity of developing new technologies for refrigerated storage, providing improved quality and safety of meat products, is shown. A critical analysis of cold storage methods has been carried out and the choice of the acoustic freezing method has been substantiated. As a result of the joint work of the students of school No. 2083, “Acoustic Freezing” company and the Institute of Biotechnology and Fisheries, Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky, studies were carried out to establish the degree of toxicity of pork subjected to refrigeration storage under conditions of shock and acoustic freezing. Histological studies of fresh meat and meat after acoustic and shock freezing have shown that shock freezing leads to a violation of the structure of striated muscles due to the formation of large ice crystals during freezing. The method of fractal analysis of proteins in fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing showed that the ice crystallization in muscle tissue leads to the formation of different types of fractals. Fractal analysis can be used to select physical factors when improving the technology of acoustic freezing. Toxicological studies were carried out on juvenile clawed frogs Xenopus laevis fed with chironomid larvae, California worms Eisenia fetida (control), fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing. Studies have shown that there are no significant deviations in the cytological parameters of red blood in frogs eating natural food (worms) and meat after acoustic freezing. Meat after shock freezing is eaten poorly by frogs, which indicates a significant loss of its quality compared to fresh meat. Comparative studies on the effects of feeding fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing, carried out on the blood of laboratory fish Danio rerio, demonstrated that fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing do not cause harmful effects on the red blood of fish. The work was carried out within the framework of the program for the introduction of project methods of school education in the secondary school of the Moscow State Budgetary Educational Institution “School No. 2083”.
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Sidorenko, Yu I., D. N. Balabolin, Yu G. Simakov, S. A. Livinskaya, I. M. Yuditskaya, E. A. Plechev, A. A. Sidorenko, A. I. Trotsyuk, and D. A. Shurupov. "Meat storage under acoustic freezing conditions and assessment of its biotoxicity (part 2)." Tovaroved prodovolstvennykh tovarov (Commodity specialist of food products), no. 4 (March 29, 2022): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/igt-01-2204-07.
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The necessity of developing new technologies for refrigerated storage, providing improved quality and safety of meat products, is shown. A critical analysis of cold storage methods has been carried out and the choice of the acoustic freezing method has been substantiated. As a result of the joint work of the students of school No. 2083, “Acoustic Freezing” company and the Institute of Biotechnology and Fisheries, Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky, studies were carried out to establish the degree of toxicity of pork subjected to refrigeration storage under conditions of shock and acoustic freezing. Histological studies of fresh meat and meat after acoustic and shock freezing have shown that shock freezing leads to a violation of the structure of striated muscles due to the formation of large ice crystals during freezing. The method of fractal analysis of proteins in fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing showed that the ice crystallization in muscle tissue leads to the formation of different types of fractals. Fractal analysis can be used to select physical factors when improving the technology of acoustic freezing. Toxicological studies were carried out on juvenile clawed frogs Xenopus laevis fed with chironomid larvae, California worms Eisenia fetida (control), fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing. Studies have shown that there are no significant deviations in the cytological parameters of red blood in frogs eating natural food (worms) and meat after acoustic freezing. Meat after shock freezing is eaten poorly by frogs, which indicates a significant loss of its quality compared to fresh meat. Comparative studies on the effects of feeding fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing, carried out on the blood of laboratory fish Danio rerio, demonstrated that fresh meat and meat after acoustic freezing do not cause harmful effects on the red blood of fish. The work was carried out within the framework of the program for the introduction of project methods of school education in the secondary school of the Moscow State Budgetary Educational Institution “School No. 2083”.
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Zhu, Fangfang, and Nicholas Dodd. "Riemann solution for a class of morphodynamic shallow water dam-break problems." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 835 (November 29, 2017): 1022–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.794.
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This paper investigates a family of dam-break problems over an erodible bed. The hydrodynamics is described by the shallow water equations, and the bed change by a sediment-conservation equation, coupled to the hydrodynamics by a sediment transport (bed-load) law. When the initial states $\boldsymbol{U}_{l}$ and $\boldsymbol{U}_{r}$ are sufficiently close to each other the resulting solutions are consistent with the theory proposed by Lax (Hyperbolic Systems of Conservation Laws and the Mathematical Theory of Shock Waves, 1973, SIAM), that for a Riemann problem of $n$ equations there are $n$ waves associated with the $n$ characteristic families. However, for wet–dry dam-break problems over a mobile bed, there are three governing equations, but only two waves. One wave vanishes because of the presence of the dry bed. When initial left and right bed levels ($B_{l}$ and $B_{r}$) are far apart, it is shown that a semi-characteristic shock may occur, which happens because, unlike in shallow water flow on a fixed bed, the flux function is non-convex. In these circumstances it is shown that it is necessary to reconsider the usual shock conditions. Instead, we propose an implied internal shock structure the concept of which originates from the fact that the stationary shock over a fixed-bed discontinuity can be regarded as a limiting case of flow over a sloping fixed bed. The Needham & Hey (Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, vol. 334, 1991, pp. 25–53) approximation for the ambiguous integral term $\int \!h\,\text{d}B$ in the shock condition is improved based on this internal shock structure, such that mathematically valid solutions that incorporate a morphodynamic semi-characteristic shock are arrived at.
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Gonzalez-Urquijo, Mauricio, Andrea Romero-Davila, Samuel Eugene Kettenhofen, Rogelio Gonzalez-Ramirez, and Gerardo Gil-Galindo. "An Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Appendix Mimicking an Appendicular Malignant Lesion." Clinical Pathology 13 (January 2020): 2632010X2090584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2632010x20905843.
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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a very rare lesion of unknown etiology. Cases of IMT involving the appendix are exceptional, and they can mimic malignant appendicular tumors. We present a case of a 65-year-old man who presented to our emergency room on septic shock and acute abdomen secondary to visceral perforation. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy; massive bowel dilatation was encountered, along with 3 L of purulent intraperitoneal fluid and a perforated appendicular mass of 6 cm. An appendicectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination established the diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumor with appendiceal perforation. This study constitutes the 14th confirmed case report of an appendicular IMT. It is important to include IMT in differential diagnoses of appendicular masses to avoid excessive resections.
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Tamura, Yasuaki, Toshihiko Torigoe, Kazuharu Kukita, Keita Saito, Koichi Okuya, Goro Kutomi, Koichi Hirata, and Noriyuki Sato. "Heat-shock proteins as endogenous ligands building a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity." Immunotherapy 4, no. 8 (August 2012): 841–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt.12.75.
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Gischer, Horst, and Bernhard Herz. "Nach Corona ist vor dem Green Deal: Anhaltende Herausforderungen für Mittelstand und Bankensektor." Dieses Mal ist alles anders! Realwirtschaftliche Aspekte der KMU-Finanzierung im Zuge der Coronakrise 90, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 121–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/vjh.90.3.121.
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Die aktuelle Covid–19-Pandemie offenbart einmal mehr die Vulnerabilität hoch entwickelter Ökonomien in Bezug auf unerwartete exogene Schocks. Vor diesem Hintergrund analysiert der vorliegende Beitrag am Beispiel der Europäischen Union, unter welchen Voraussetzungen kleine und mittlere Unternehmen die Überwindung derartiger Krisen unterstützen können. In diesem Zusammenhang steht insbesondere die korrespondierende Struktur des Bankensektors im Fokus. Geleitet von empirischen Erkenntnissen wird zudem gezeigt, dass die jüngste Green Deal Initiative der Europäischen Kommission den ohnehin schon geschwächten ökonomischen Akteuren auch nach dem absehbaren Ende der Coronapandemie wenig Raum zur nachhaltigen Konsolidierung zubilligt. The current Covid–19 pandemic once again reveals the vulnerability of highly developed economies to unexpected exogenous shocks. Against this background, this article builds on the example of the European Union to analyze the conditions under which small and medium-sized companies can help overcome such crises. Thereby, the focus is in particular on the corresponding structure of the banking sector. Guided by empirical findings, it is also shown that the recent Green Deal initiative of the European Commission gives the already weakened economic actors little room for sustainable consolidation even after the foreseeable end of the corona pandemic.
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Weiss, Matthew B., Mohammad T. Azam, Nathan Jia, Hugo A. Ubillus, Mehreen A. Pasha, George Jejelava, and John G. Kennedy. "A Systematic Review of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) for Insertional and Non- Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 4 (October 2022): 2473011421S0099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00999.
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Category: Sports; Other Introduction/Purpose: Depending upon the site of injury, Achilles tendinopathy (AT) can be either Insertional (IAT) or Non- Insertional (nIAT). AT has long been managed by conservative measures such as eccentric exercises, but now extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has emerged as a non-invasive treatment to stimulate self-repair. However, the native biology at the insertion of the Achilles tendon and mid-substance are intrinsically different, with the mid-substance (2 to 6 cm above the insertion) being significantly less perfused. Thus, we performed a systematic review of the literature on shockwave therapy to determine if there was a difference in efficacy for patients who have undergone ESWT for IAT and nIAT. Methods: In January 2022, the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were systematically reviewed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We included randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective studies, published in English, with pre- and post-operative scores for at least either Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) or Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment - Achilles (VISA-A). We excluded basic science studies, systematic reviews and meta- analyses, retrospective studies, case reports, studies without pre-operative scores, studies that don't differentiate IAT and nIAT. The LoE and QoE of the included studies were evaluated using the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Criteria and the Modified Coleman Methodology Score, respectively. We calculated weighted mean values for age, body mass index (BMI), the number of ESWT sessions and their frequency, duration of symptoms prior to ESWT, follow-up time, as well as for each outcome score. Results: 16 studies were included in this review, six with Level I evidence, four with Level II, five with Level III, and one with Level IV. There were 505 cases of AT: 325 patients with IAT and 180 with nIAT. For the IAT cohort, the weighted mean (WM) duration of symptoms prior to treatment was 18.1 months, and WM follow-up was 8.1 months. For the nIAT cohort, the WM duration of symptoms prior to treatment was 15.0 months, and WM follow-up was 11.6 months. In terms of outcome scores, for VAS, the WM pre-operative scores were 6.89 for IAT and 7.76 for nIAT and the WM post-operative scores were 2.76 for IAT and 2.49 for nIAT. For VISA-A, the WM pre-operative scores were 49.3 for IAT and 42.8 for nIAT, and the WM post-operative scores were 75.4 for IAT and 75.7 for nIAT. Conclusion: As the mid-substance portion of the Achilles tendon has diminished blood supply compared to the insertional portion, we expected outcomes after ESWT to be inferior for the nIAT cohort. Interestingly, the VAS pain scores and VISA-A functional scores displayed similar positive results for both cohorts. We see that the virtually equivalent functional and pain outcomes mean that ESWT is stimulating cellular components of the tendon to promote healing regardless of injury location.
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Jensen, RO, RSL Lo, JG Kellett, CA Graham, and M. Brabrand. "Evaluation of systemic vasoconstriction and prognosis using thermography: a systematic review." Acute Medicine Journal 20, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0853.
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Purpose: This systematic review investigates whether infrared thermography (IRT) can measure systemic vasoconstriction and addresses the value of IRT in assessing circulatory deficiency and prognoses. Methods: Design was based on the PRISMA criteria and a systematic search of 6 databases was performed. Results: Of 3,198 records, five articles were included. Three clinical studies were identified; two found significant correlations between IRT obtained temperatures and mortality. An experimental study found an association between peripheral temperature and stroke volume. An animal study found that central-peripheral temperature differences correlated with shock index, mean arterial pressure, and disease progression. Conclusions: Data from the most valid study suggests that central-peripheral temperature differences should be investigated further, both on its own, and integrated with other variables.
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Hogmire, Henry W., Larry Crim, and Cathy Turner. "Peach, Insecticide Evaluation, 1988." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.61a.
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Abstract Insecticides were applied to 6 single-tree plots of 10-yr-old trees in a randomized block design. Applications were made with a Swanson DA500A airblast sprayer, which traveled at 3.86 km/h and delivered 935 liter/ha. Dates of application were 26 Apr (petal fall [PF]), 9 May (shuck split [SS]), 20 May (shuck fall [SF]), 8 Jun (first cover [1C]) and 22 Jun (second cover [2C]). All plots were treated with Penncap-M 2 F on 7 Jul and 21 Jul and with Sevin 50 W on 3 Aug. Fungicides (Benlate, captan, sulfur) were applied separately to all treatments on the same dates as insecticides. Treatment effect on TSSM was determined by sampling 17 leaves from the center of each tree on 18 Jul, removing mites with a mite-brushing machine and counting active stages with a binocular microscope. Control of catfacing insects was evaluated by sampling 600 peaches/treatment (100/replication) on 15 and 16 Aug and examining for injury.
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Engel, Benjamin D., Hiroaki Ishikawa, Kimberly A. Wemmer, Stefan Geimer, Ken-ichi Wakabayashi, Masafumi Hirono, Branch Craige, et al. "The role of retrograde intraflagellar transport in flagellar assembly, maintenance, and function." Journal of Cell Biology 199, no. 1 (October 1, 2012): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201206068.
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The maintenance of flagellar length is believed to require both anterograde and retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT). However, it is difficult to uncouple the functions of retrograde transport from anterograde, as null mutants in dynein heavy chain 1b (DHC1b) have stumpy flagella, demonstrating solely that retrograde IFT is required for flagellar assembly. We isolated a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant (dhc1b-3) with a temperature-sensitive defect in DHC1b, enabling inducible inhibition of retrograde IFT in full-length flagella. Although dhc1b-3 flagella at the nonpermissive temperature (34°C) showed a dramatic reduction of retrograde IFT, they remained nearly full-length for many hours. However, dhc1b-3 cells at 34°C had strong defects in flagellar assembly after cell division or pH shock. Furthermore, dhc1b-3 cells displayed altered phototaxis and flagellar beat. Thus, robust retrograde IFT is required for flagellar assembly and function but is dispensable for the maintenance of flagellar length. Proteomic analysis of dhc1b-3 flagella revealed distinct classes of proteins that change in abundance when retrograde IFT is inhibited.
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Lu, S. G., T. Imai, M. Ukita, M. Sekine, M. Fukagawa, and H. Nakanishi. "The performance of fermentation wastewater treatment in ultrafiltration membrane bioreactor by contiuous and intermittent aeration processes." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 3-4 (August 1, 2000): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0398.
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A lab-scale experiment on the performance of highly concentrated activated sludge in high strength fermentation wastewater treatment with rotary disk type UF membrane was carried out. The experiment lasted 252 days and was operated under continuous and various intermittent aeration conditions. TOC and NH4-N removals were quite good and intermittent aeration operations increased T-N removal efficiency. It demonstrated that activated sludge had strong ability for organic shock loading. However, the ability of nitrifier was weak compared with that of heterotrophic bacteria for pH shock. The activity of sludge in the reactor assessed by INT-dehydrogenase activity was not affected significantly after the incursion of anoxic operation, and the smaller coccus-like or rod-type bacteria (1-2μm) performed quite well for organic carbon and nitrogen removals.
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Kawecka-Wyrzykowska, Elżbieta. "Is Intra-Industry Trade Specialization a Precondition to Business Cycle Synchronization When Joining the Euro Area? The Case of Poland." International Journal of Management and Economics 53, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijme-2017-0025.
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AbstractThe first objective of this paper is to present theoretical approaches to the impact of trade growth (induced by monetary integration) on business cycle synchronization which is an important factor of a country’s readiness for a currency union accession. The main conclusion from the first part of the analysis is that business cycle convergence and the cost of the lack of an autonomous monetary policy depend on intra-industry trade (IIT) intensity rather than on general trade growth. The second objective is to assess - using the IIT index as a measure of business cycle synchronization (and of susceptibility to asymmetric shocks transmitted mostly through trade channels) - preparedness of the Polish economy to the euro adoption. Calculations reveal that the IIT intensity in Poland is already relatively high (in particular in relations with the euro area members) and continues to rise. This confirms the increasing complementarity of Poland’s economy with the economic structures of the euro area partners which reduces the probability of asymmetric shocks.
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Liu, Yongmei, Songhuai Du, and Wanxing Sheng. "Classification and identification of electric shock current for safety operation in power distribution network." IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory & Applications 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-cps.2019.0072.
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Prieto, Borja, Marco Satrústegui, Ibon Elósegui, and Nere Gil-Negrete. "Multidisciplinary analysis of a 750 kW PMSM for marine propulsion including shock loading response." IET Electric Power Applications 14, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 1974–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2019.0990.
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Urazbaeva, Alina, Valentin Voytenkov, and Rogneda Groznykh. "The analysis of COVID-19 impact on the internet and telecommunications service sector through modelling the dependence of shares of Russian companies on the American stock market." R-Economy 6, no. 3 (2020): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/recon.2020.6.3.014.
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Relevance. The coronavirus pandemic has both negative and less obvious positive effects on the world economy. In order to better understand these processes, it is necessary to examine the sectors that have shown growth against the general decline in production. Such sectors include the Internet and telecommunication services. Research objective. The purpose of this study is to model the impact of the pandemic and foreign companies on the value of shares of Russian tech companies. Data and methods. The study involves daily share price data of such American corporations as Google, PayPal, Netflix, Adobe, and the Russian company Yandex. Moreover, we used the dummy variable Covid-19. The econometric analysis was conducted by using vector autoregression (VAR). The direction of cause-and-effect relationships was investigated with the help of the Granger test, and the effect of single shocks, through impulse response functions (IRF). Results. A stable VAR model was built. The IRF graphs were used to describe the impact of the pandemic and the value of US. companies on Russian companies. Conclusions. The study shows that the 2020 pandemic has proven to be a positive shock for companies in the ICT sector, contributing to increased demand for their services and market capitalization. The pandemic has affected both Russian and foreign companies. The study has also found the influence of the American stock market on share prices in Russia. Russian companies reacted to changes in the American stock market with a lag of up to 10 days.
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Hogmire, Henry W., Larry Crim, and Richard Annan. "Peach, Insecticide Evaluation, 1987." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/13.1.58.
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Abstract Insecticides were applied to an 18-tree plot (6 rows × 3 trees) with a Swanson DA500A airblast sprayer, which traveled at 3.86 km/h and delivered 935 liters/ha. Dates of application were 22 Apr (petal fall [PF]), 6 May (shuck split [SS]), 15 May (shuck fall [SF]), 29 May (first cover [IC]), 11 Jun (second cover [2C]), 25 Jun (third cover [3C]), 8 Jul (fourth cover [4C]), and 23 Jul (fifth cover [5C]). Sevin 50W was applied to all chemical treatment plots on 6 Aug. Fungicides consisting of Captan or sulfur (1 Asana treatment) + Benlate (last 2 applications) were applied separately to all treatments on the same dates as insecticides. Data were taken from 4 replications in the center of each plot. Treatment effect on ERM and TSSM was determined by sampling 25 leaves from the center of each tree on 3 Aug, removing mites with a mite-brushing machine, and counting active stages with a binocular microscope. Control of OFM was evaluated on 4 Aug by counting the damaged terminals/tree. Treatment effectiveness on catfacing insects was determined by examining 400 peaches (100/replication) for injury on 19 Aug.
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Raikwar, Poonam, Vijeta Jain, and Ramsharan Raikwar. "Ruptured Ovarian Ectopic Pregnancy after Interval of Tubal Ligation." International Journal of Gynecological Endoscopy 1, no. 1 (2017): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10058-0010.
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ABSTRACT We report a case of a woman presenting in a state of shock with classic symptoms of rupture ectopic pregnancy. She had a history of tubal ligation done two years back. Laparoscopic surgery was done and a diagnosis of ruptured ectopic ovarian pregnancy was made. How to cite this article Raikwar P, Jain V, Raikwar R. Ruptured Ovarian Ectopic Pregnancy after Interval of Tubal Ligation. Int J Gynecol Endsc 2017;1(1):44-45.
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Milani, Alireza, Marzieh Basirnejad, and Azam Bolhassani. "Heat-shock proteins in diagnosis and treatment: an overview of different biochemical and immunological functions." Immunotherapy 11, no. 3 (February 2019): 215–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt-2018-0105.
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Cheng, Yi, Jian Zhang, and Yehua Cai. "Utility of Ultrasonography in Assessing the Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2580969.
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Introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of ultrasonography (US) for predicting and assessing the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT).Methods. A total of 42 patients with an established diagnosis of chronic IAT were examined by US before ESWT and at 4 weeks and 12 weeks after ESWT. The thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the Achilles tendon, size of calcific plaques, tendon structure score, and neovascularization score were measured at each time point.Results. After therapy, Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) scores increased significantly, and the size of calcific plaques decreased (P<0.05). Neovascularization scores increased at the 4th week and then decreased at the 12th week (P<0.05). The thickness, CSA, and structure of the Achilles tendon did not change. Variables observed by US at baseline were not associated with changes in VISA-A scores at follow-up. However, the changes in calcific plaque size and neovascularization scores were related to the improvement of VISA-A scores between pre- and posttherapy (P<0.01).Conclusion. Ultrasonography can reveal some changes in the insertion of the Achilles tendon after ESWT, but the outcome of ESWT in IAT cannot be predicted by the variables observed by US.
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Rathod, Ashakiran Thavarsingh. "Torsion of Gravid Uterus due to Uterine Asymmetry associated with Placental Abruption, Intrauterine Fetal Demise, and Maternal Shock." International Journal of Infertility & Fetal Medicine 5, no. 2 (2014): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1083.
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ABSTRACT A 24-year-old gravida 3 para 2 living 1 with 28 weeks gestation presented with acute abdomen and shock. A diagnosis of concealed abruption with intrauterine death of fetus was made and case was taken for emergency cesarean section. It turned out to be 180° levorotation of gravid uterus with abruption. Detorsion of the uterus failed. A dead fetus was delivered through a vertical incision on posterior wall of uterus. Asymmetrically, enlarged uterus and excess liquor were the associated findings. Total hysterectomy was done for uncontrolled atonic postpartum hemorrhage. Postoperative period was uneventful. Although a rare obstetric condition, torsion of gravid uterus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of placental abruption particularly when concealed. How to cite this article Rathod AT. Torsion of Gravid Uterus due to Uterine Asymmetry associated with Placental Abruption, Intrauterine Fetal Demise and Maternal Shock. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(2):64-65.
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Pfeiffer, D. G., L. F. Ponton, and M. Varn. "Peach, Catfacing and Oriental Fruit Moth Trial, 1984." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.41.
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Abstract Three insecticides were evaluated in a peach block at Steeles Tavern. Each treatment was applied to ca 0.2 acre using a truck-mounted Swanson airblast sprayer. The sprayer was calibrated to apply a 3X concentration based on 176 gal/A (59 gal/A finished spray). Each plot included cultivars ‘Madison’, ‘Loring’, ‘Sun High’ and ‘Red Haven’. Spray dates were 13 Apr (pink), 2 May (petal fall), 17 May (shuck split), 31 May, 15 Jun and 18 Aug.
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Rogers, Gregory S., and John J. Frett. "PRELIMINARY LOCALIZATION OF IPTASE IN TRANSGENIC NICOTIANA." HortScience 30, no. 2 (April 1995): 187a—187. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.2.187a.
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Nicotiana transformed with the isopentenyl transferase (ipt) gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens was fixed in 1% gluterdehyde and 4% formaldehyde for 1 h. Grids were treated with polygonal anti-IpTase antibody raised in rabbits and visualized with 10 nm protein-A-labeled colloidal gold. Initial localization was performed on Nicotiana transformed with the ipt gene under the control of the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus. Colloidal gold was found throughout the cell, including the cell wall, vacuole, and rough ER. Cell wall and vacuole labeling appears to be due to nonspecific binding and is greatly reduced by a BSA block. Colloidal gold label on rough ER provides preliminary evidence that translation occurs here rather than on free polysomes. General reaction throughout the cell indicates cytoplasmic activity of the enzyme. Future research will attempt to localize IPTase in wild-type Nicotiana and in plants transformed with the ipt gene under the control of the hsp 70 heat shock promoter.