Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Issues Défavorables de Grossesse'
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Swital, Morgane. "Utilisation des Médicaments Innovants de la Sclérose en Plaques Pendant la Grossesse et Risques Associés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASR037.
Full textMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that particularly affects young women of childbearing age. The market introduction of numerous innovative and effective disease-modifying therapies (DMT) over the last decade has led to an increased need for data on their safety, especially during pregnancy. The general objective was to assess the use and associated risks of these DMTs during pregnancy in France over the last decade, using the EPI-MERES mother-child Register. In the first study, we included 20,567 pregnancies of women with MS that ended between 2010 and 2021, of which 7,587 were exposed to DMTs. We showed that despite MS therapeutic management adaptations to pregnancy, exposure during pregnancy to DMTs whose safety profile has not yet been clearly established has increased sharply. In a second study, among the 22,413 pregnancies of women with MS that ended between 2010 and 2022, 8,477 were exposed to a DMT. We showed that exposure to certain MS DMTs during pregnancy was associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes including spontaneous abortion (natalizumab, anti-CD20), preterm birth (natalizumab, anti-CD20, fingolimod), and small weight for gestational age at birth (natalizumab, teriflunomide). These results provides new insights into the use and safety of MS DMTs during pregnancy, highlighting the critical role of pharmacoepidemiology studies
St-Laurent, Jennifer. "Stress perçu et les issues de la grossesse." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2006. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3862.
Full textSt-Laurent, Jennifer. "Stress perçu et les issues de la grossesse." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006.
Find full textAlbouy-Llaty, Marion. "Exposition prénatale hydrique aux perturbateurs endocriniens et issues de grossesse." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT1401/document.
Full textDrinking-water as a source of exposure to endocrine disruptors, particularly in pregnant women whose water-use habits change during pregnancy, has seldom been studied. Our objectives were i) to study the possible relationship between prenatal exposure to endocrine disruptors in drinking water, socioeconomic factors and prevalence of neonates born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) or preterm birth ; ii) to estimate for the first time in France the water-use habits of pregnant women throughout pregnancy.Three epidemiologic studies from a retrospective cohort were carried out on 13,654 pregnant women who gave birth in Deux-Sèvres (France) between 2005 and 2010. An exposure to moderate dose of nitrates in drinking-water increased SGM risk, particularly for women living in less deprived areas. No relationship between prenatal exposure to 2-hydroxyatrazin in drinking-water and preterm birth risk was found.Water-use habits during pregnancy were assessed with a questionnaire on 132 women from the EDDS prospective cohort. Water ingestion was stable during pregnancy and tap water predominated over bottled water. In order to reconstitute the dose of pollutant intake from water, the results of this estimation by questionnaire will need to be merged with analytical dosages in waters and biological matrices.Our study confirms the interest of an interdisciplinary approach to environmental health and the key importance of education in that field
Mariet, Anne-Sophie. "Influence de l’exposition au bruit et à la pollution de l’air en milieu urbain sur la survenue de complications et d’issues défavorables de la grossesse." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/b8bd098d-4e78-4f44-b87c-01a65906c7a1.
Full textPregnancy is a period of vulnerability where the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) can have major consequences on the future of the mother and/or the newborn. Multiple factors are responsible for this. However, there is still an unexplained part of APO, for which the environment is suspected to play a role.This PhD thesis is included in the PreCEE (Pregnancy Combined Environmental Exposure) program and aimed to study the influence of environmental exposures to noise and air pollution on the occurrence of APO, more particularly on fetal growth disorders and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). All pregnancies of adult women living in Besançon or in the urban unit of Dijon and who gave birth to the Besançon University Hospital or the Dijon-Burgundy University Hospital between 2005 and 2009 were included, i.e. more than 10,000 pregnancies. The socio-demographic, medical and medico-obstetrical characteristics were collected from computerized and paper obstetric records. The levels of exposure to noise and air pollution (nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particles (PM10)) were modeled at the mother's home according to several spatial and temporal windows.Results show that noise exposure is not associated with the occurrence of HDP or fetal growth disorders in single pregnancies. Exposure to PM10 is associated with fetal growth disorders. This association is not changed by taking noise exposure into account. Finally, in multiple pregnancies, exposure to NO2 is associated with fetal growth disorders
Roy-Matton, Naomé. "Profil psychosocial et issues de grossesse des femmes enceintes de l'Estrie une étude pilote prospective." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3951.
Full textDouteaud, Stéphanie. "Déterminants et effets des trajectoires de stress prénatal sur les issues de la grossesse et la dépression postpartum." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30099.
Full textIntroduction : In France, as well as in other countries, the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) (about 10% of women) is not more important than other forms of depression, but it is a major problem of screening, because women less consult, making prevention difficult. Researches to improve the prevention of DPP are essentially based on two models, the stress-vulnerability model and the bio-psycho-social model. The both models describe the prenatal psychological stress as an important determinant of the PPD. However, if stress is frequently assessed, it is usually measured only once and late in pregnancy. So, by now, it is not possible to know its evolution or to know its effects on PPD. Accordingly, a primary objective of this doctoral work is to identify and characterize trajectories of stress to assess their effects on the DPP. Moreover, some researches showed that obstetric complications during childbirth have a deleterious effect on the psychological health of postpartum women. Others proved that prenatal stress increases the risk of obstetric complications. So we assume that an elevated stress associated with obstetric complications in childbirth significantly increases the risk of PPD. Neverthless it differs from one woman to another depending on the level of stress determinants.Method: The health of mothers, their anxiety-trait level and socio-economic variables were recorded among 164 women before the end of two months of pregnancy (T0). Perceived stress, state anxiety, social support and coping strategies were evaluated at 2, 6 and 9 months of pregnancy for 163 women and at 1 and 6 months postpartum for 91 of them. Moreover, the results of prenatal screening for fetal pathologies, the term of pregnancy, baby's birth weight, results of Apgar and type of delivery (dystocic versus eutocic) were recorded. Finally, the measurement of the PPD was performed 6 months after delivery. We calculated trajectories of stress and we measured the effect of these trajectories on the variables related to childbirth for 163 women and on DPP for 91 of them.Results: Three trajectories were identified in prepartum and postpartum. A first trajectory where the stress is low in early pregnancy, increases until early postpartum and decreased slightly at the end of the postnatal period. A second where the stress is moderate in early pregnancy decreases until the middle of pregnancy, increases in late pregnancy and postpartum. A final trajectory where stress is high in early pregnancy and then decreases until the end of pregnancy and continues to decrease in postpartum. When the stress follows the paths 2 and 3, the gestation period is shorter, F(2,138) = 3.45, p <0.05, η2 = 0.048, the use of cesarean section is more common, OR = 2.62, p < 0.05, CI 95% = [1.01- 6.75] as well as dystocic labor, OR = 3.54, p <0.005, CI 95% = [1.18-10.52]. In contrast, the trajectories of stress does not have an effect on the PPD.Discussion: Our results are encouraging and show that the perception of stress during pregnancy has an effect on the duration of pregnancy, obstetric complications and the use of cesarean section. However it has no effect on the DPP, but our results suggest that stress may have an effect only among vulnerable women and that the DPP would fit into a depressive continuum, while adjacent to the vulnerability to stress. In conclusion, future researches should assess the link between trajectories of stress and depression from early pregnancy to late postpartum to test this hypothesis
Abraham, Émilie. "Associations entre les expositions environnementales et les issues de grossesse d’une part et la méthylation de l’ADN placentaire d’autre part." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAS018/document.
Full textNowadays, air pollution and weather conditions represent a major public health issue. It is recognized that they may have serious consequences for health especially in the most sensitive populations such as pregnant women. More recent studies have suggested an effect of exposure to these environmental factors during the fetal period. Fetal life is a critical period for the healthy development of the child. Maternal exposure to environmental exposures during pregnancy could have serious consequences on pregnancy outcomes and short- and long- term health. Furthermore, the biological mechanisms that could explain the effect of environmental exposures on adverse pregnancy outcomes are largely unknown up to now. The objectives of the thesis were: 1) to study the association between maternal exposure to temperature and relative humidity during pregnancy and birth weight, gestational duration and preterm birth; 2) to study the association between maternal exposure to air pollutants and meteorological conditions during pregnancy and placental DNA methylation using A) an agnostic approach and B) a priori approach based on integration of biological knowledge. The first part of this work relied on data from two mother-child cohorts EDEN (Poitiers and Nancy, 2003-2006) and PELAGIE (Britain, 2002-2006) corresponding to 5185 mother-infant pairs analyzed; and the second part relied on a sample of the EDEN cohort for which methylation data were available (n = 668). Daily data of temperature and humidity were obtained from Météo-France and pollution data were obtained using a dispersion model. Their exposure was averaged over different periods during pregnancy. Central placenta samples were collected at delivery and DNA methylation was analyzed using Illumina 450K chip. For the first objective, linear regression models and Cox models were used. For the second objective, robust linear regression models, especially across the genome-wide, were used and correction methods for multiple testing such as Bonferroni and Benjamini-Hochberg were applied. Our results suggest a deleterious effect of temperature and relative humidity on birth weight and did not show an association between air pollution and pregnancy outcomes. Exposure to air pollutants (NO2 and PM10) during pregnancy was associated with a decrease in placental DNA methylation for ADORA2B and ADARB2 genes; the first gene is known to be potentially involved in preeclampsia and hypoxia of the pregnant woman and the second being potentially involved in metabolic disorders in adults such as abdominal circumference and BMI. The results of agnostic and a priori approaches were consistent for ADORA2B gene. We did not found association between weather conditions and placental DNA methylation. To our knowledge, we are the first to study the association between DNA methylation in the placental tissue and prenatal exposure to air pollutants and weather conditions using data from the entire epigenome. This work opens up new possible pathways regarding mechanisms of action of environmental pollutants and provides pointers as to the possible long-term effects of these exposures
Beltran, Anzola Any Alejandra. "Evaluation de l'état de santé périnatal des enfants nés après assistance médicale à la procréation : trois études transversales réalisées à partir d'une cohorte monocentrique incluant 3829 issues de grossesse." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0639/document.
Full textAssisted reproductive technologies are considered as a therapeutic solution in infertility cases. Beyond the economic and ethical questions that arise at the societal level, the impact on children’s health born after these techniques raises many questions. Indeed, these techniques have been introduced to the human without any clinical trial or assessment of long-term health effects. The main interest of this thesis is to contribute to the existing debate on the safety of these techniques regarding children’s health and well-being and to open new perspectives for future research on this subject.This research presents three studies based on a cohort of more than 3000 children (singletons and twins) constituted since 1994 in the Medicine and Reproductive Biology Department at the Saint Joseph Hospital in Marseille. The thesis evaluates various indicators of perinatal health (preterm birth, low birth weight and macrosomia, small and large for gestational age, and congenital anomalies) in children conceived from different techniques: classical In Vitro fertilisation, In Vitro fertilisation with micromanipulation, fertilisation after frozen embryo transfer and fertilisation after vitrified/warmed oocyte.The results suggest that assisted reproductive technologies, regardless of the technique used, were associated with health problems in children born through these techniques. There is a need to continue to develop surveillance systems to improve the long-term monitoring of the health status of children, especially as new techniques and procedures will continue to be developed
Tararbit, Karim. "Assistance médicale à la procréation et cardiopathies congénitales : études en population." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T024/document.
Full textUsing population-Based data, we: 1) assessed the risk of congenital heart defects (CHD) in assisted reproductive techniques (ART) conceived fetuses; and 2) evaluated the effects of ART on prenatal management and perinatal outcomes of fetuses with CHD. We observed that ART were associated with a 40% increased risk of CHD without associated chromosomal anomalies (adjusted OR = 1.4 95%CI 1.1-1.7). We also found varying associations between the different methods of ART and categories of CHD. We observed that ART were associated with 2.4-Higher odds of tetralogy of Fallot (adjusted OR = 2.4 95%CI 1.5-3.7), whereas no statistically significant association was found for the three other specific CHD included. In our population, ART exposure did not seem to modify prenatal diagnosis and termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly in fetuses with CHD compared to fetuses with CHD conceived spontaneously. The risk for premature birth in fetuses with CHD conceived following ART was 5-Fold higher as compared to fetuses with CHD conceived spontaneously (adjusted OR = 5.0 95%CI 2.9-8.6). Using a path-Analysis method, we found that multiple pregnancies contributed for about 20% to the higher risk of tetralogy of Fallot associated with ART that we had found. Finally, multiple pregnancies contributed for the 2/3 of the risk of premature birth associated with ART in fetuses with CHD
Simonet, Fabienne. "Caractéristiques communautaires et issues de grossesse chez les Inuits du Québec." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7054.
Full textInuit are the smallest Aboriginal group in Canada. Inuit women are at much higher risks of adverse birth outcomes than their non-indigenous counterparts. Both fetal and infant mortality has been reported to be much higher among Canadian Inuit vs. non-indigenous populations in some regional studies. Both individual and community-level risk factors may affect Inuit birth outcomes. Little is known about the relationships between community characteristics and Inuit birth outcomes. Understanding the effects of community-level risk factors may be critically important for developing effective maternal and infant health promotion programs to improve birth outcomes in Inuit communities. In a postal code linkage-based birth cohort study based on the already linked stillbirth/live birth/infant death data files for all births in Quebec, from 1991 to 2000, we assessed the effects of community characteristics on Inuit birth outcomes. While appropriate and feasible, birth outcomes data on another major Aboriginal group, First Nations, are also presented. We first assessed individual- and community-level disparities and trends in birth outcomes and infant mortality among First Nations and Inuit versus other populations in Quebec. Then we studied trends in Inuit, First Nations and non-Aboriginal birth outcomes in the rural and northern regions of Quebec. Because there is limited and inconsistent evidence concerning rural versus urban differences in birth and infant outcomes for Indigenous peoples, we investigated birth and infant outcomes among Inuit, First Nations and French (the majority in Quebec) mother tongue groups by rural versus urban residence in Quebec. Finally, since there was a lack of data on the safety of midwife-led maternity care in remote or Aboriginal communities, we examined birth outcomes by primary birthing attendant type in two sets of remote Inuit communities. We found large and persistent disparities in fetal and infant mortality among First Nations and Inuit versus other populations in Quebec based on individual- or community-level assessments. There was also a disconcerting rise of some mortality outcomes for births to First Nations and Inuit mother tongue women and to women in predominately First Nations and Inuit communities, in contrast to some improvements for births to non-Aboriginal mother tongue women and to women in predominately non-Aboriginal communities in rural or northern Quebec. Living in urban areas was not associated with better birth and infant outcomes for Inuit and First Nations in Quebec despite universal health insurance coverage. Risks of perinatal death were somewhat but not significantly higher in the Hudson Bay communities with midwife-led maternity care as compared to the Ungava Bay communities with physician-led maternity care. Our findings are inconclusive, although the results excluding extremely preterm births are more reassuring concerning the safety of midwife-led maternity care in remote Aboriginal communities. Our results strongly indicate a need for improved socioeconomic conditions, perinatal and infant care for First Nations and Inuit peoples, no matter where they live (remote northern, rural or urban areas). Further routine surveillance data are needed for assessing the safety and improving the quality of midwife-led maternity care in Nunavik.
Gamaoun, Rihab. "Exposition à la caféine durant la grossesse : les facteurs prédictifs de la consommation et association aux issues indésirables de grossesse." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9607.
Full textBACKGROUND: Several studies have been conducted on the association between several adverse pregnancy outcomes and caffeine intake during pregnancy; but, no study has yet been conducted on the predictors of such exposure. However, a consideration of these factors would contribute in making nutritional recommendations in this regard more efficient. In addition, few studies had evaluated the risk of small for gestational age infants (SGA) compared to other adverse pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVES: 1) To determine the frequency of caffeine consumption during pregnancy and its predictors, 2) Quantify the association between SGA outcome and this exposure. METHODS: 3458 participants were randomly selected from the Quebec Pregnancy Registry (QPR) created by the linking of three administrative databases: RAMQ, MED-ECHO and ISQ. Statistical analyzes were used to examine predictors of the use and case-control study was conducted to quantify the risk of SGA associated with it. RESULTS: 87.3% of participants consumed caffeine prior to pregnancy and 71.4% during. Maternal age, smoking, hypertension and hospitalizations before pregnancy are predictors of caffeine consumption during pregnancy. A 20% increase in SGA risk was observed [OR = 1.19, 95% CI (1.01 - 1.40)]. CONCLUSION: Caffeine consumption during pregnancy is common and safety of this use must be questioned. Our results suggest that caffeine consumption during pregnancy increases the risk of SGA.
Cossette, Benoit. "Utilisation de médicaments pour le traitement de l’asthme durant la grossesse et impact sur les issues périnatales." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10917.
Full textAsthma is one of the most common chronic medical conditions encountered during pregnancy, affecting approximately 8% of pregnant women. Current asthma treatment guidelines emphasize the importance and safety of the use of asthma medications during pregnancy compared to the risk of poorly controlled asthma for the fetus. In the evaluation of the safety of asthma medications during pregnancy, the literature review shows that questions persist, amongst others, on the safety of high inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) doses and that there is a paucity of data on the safety of long-acting beta2-agonists (LABAs). A two components research program was developed to answers some of these questions. In the first component, a cohort of asthmatic women giving birth from 1998 to 2008 was constructed from the Régie de l’assurance maladie du Québec (RAMQ) et de MED-ÉCHO databases to assess the impact of the use of long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and the dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) during pregnancy on the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PB), and small for gestational age (SGA). The cohort included 7,376 pregnancies: 8.8% exposed to LABAs and 56.9% exposed to ICSs. LABA use was not found to be associated with increased prevalence of LBW (OR=0.81; 95%CI: 0.58–1.12), PB (OR=0.84; 95%CI: 0.61–1.15), or SGA (OR=0.92; 95%CI: 0.70–1.20). In the LABAs comparison (salmeterol compared to formoterol as reference), the most important difference was observed for PAG (OR=1.16, 95%CI: 0.67–2.02). For the ICSs, increasing doses were associated with a trend of increased LBW, PB, and SGA. The maximal observed OR was for a dose > 500 ug/day (fluticasone-equivalent) for LBW: (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 0.86–2.87). The comparison of the most frequently used ICSs (fluticasone compared to budesonide as reference) revealed non-statistically significant differences with a maximal difference observed for SGA (OR=1.10, 95%CI: 0.85–1.44). In the second component, a sub-cohort of asthmatic women with medical visits for asthma exacerbations was constructed to compare the treatment of exacerbations during and outside of pregnancy. The results show a reduced and delayed use of systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of asthma exacerbations in women when pregnant than when non-pregnant. The preventive treatment of asthma (ICSs and/or BALAs) could also be optimized. The results presented in this thesis support the safety of the use during pregnancy of LABAs and low to moderate doses of ICSs for the outcomes of LBW, PB and SGA and point to the need for additional data on the safety of high ICS doses. A comparable safety between studied ICSs (budesonide and fluticasone) and BALAs (formoterol and salmeterol) was also demonstrated. We also observed a reduced and delayed use of systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of asthma exacerbations in women when pregnant than when non-pregnant.
Lucas, Michel. "Les oméga-3 d'origine marine dans l'alimentation traditionnelle des inuits du Nunavik et leurs effets sur les issues de la grossesse /." 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=790298801&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=9268&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textMuanda, Flory Tsobo. "Utilisation des anti-infectieux chez la femme enceinte et issues indésirables de grossesse (avortement spontané, malformations congénitales et faible poids à la naissance)." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19988.
Full textBidet, Gwënaelle. "Devenir obstétrical des patientes atteintes de cardiopathies congénitales." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18860.
Full textBackground: The aim of the study was to describe cardiac maternal outcomes as long as perinatal and obstetrical morbidities of pregnant women with congenital heart disease. Secondary outcome was to validate predictive cardiovascular events risk scores (ZAHARA 1 score and modified World Health Organization classification) in our population. Methods: We conducted a case series study including 408 pregnancies of 283 women with congenital heart disease, who delivered at Sainte-Justine Hospital in Montreal (Canada) from 1992 to 2013. Data were collected from chart review. Perinatal issues were described. Comparison of cardiac risk scores was analysed using Chi square test. Results: Our low-risk cohort was composed of 405 pregnancies (99.3%) with New York Heart Association functional classes I or II. Obstetrical complications rates among women with congenital heart disease was 49.0% (200 pregnancies), such as intensive care admission for close monitoring (16.9%), gestational diabetes (12.7%) and post-partum haemorrhage (11.3%) which are higher than the general obstetrical population. Furthermore, offspring complications occurred in 148 pregnancies (36.3%); the rates of small for gestational age (16.6%) and preterm delivery (14.9%) were significantly higher than general population. Only 4.7% pregnancies (19 pregnancies) were complicated by a cardiac event. The modified World Health Organization classification gave the best overview of cardiac prognostic during the pregnancy, except for the highest risk class (IV). Conclusions: Compared to Canadian obstetrical population, pregnant women with congenital heart disease had higher rates of assisted vaginal delivery, post-partum haemorrhage, preterm delivery and birth weight lower than the 10th percentile. The modified World Health Organization classification risk seemed better to predict cardiovascular events, while ZAHARA 1 score is complementary in the evaluation of prognosis of pregnancy.