Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Isotopes du Sr'
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Dennebouy, Stéphane. "Mise en évidence et caractérisation de la variabilité haute fréquence du rapport 87 Sr / 86 Sr du strontium océanique." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1102.
Full textZattoni, Ana Paula. "Separation and analysis of Sr-90 and Zr-90 for nuclear forensic applications." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26052.
Full textIn this work, a technological development to determine the age of radioactive strontium sources through the [Zr-90]/[Sr-90] ratio using mass spectrometry and liquid scintillation to quantify both isotopes is presented. Because Sr-90 and Zr-90 are isobaric interferences in mass spectrometry, a radiochemical separation to isolate Zr-90 has been shown to be mandatory prior to analysis. Four commercial resins (AG50W-X9, Dowex1-X8, Sr and DGA resins) were tested to isolate Zr-90 from Sr-90. Best performance was observed for the DGA resin, including recoveries higher than 99% for Zr-90. DGA has also demonstrated to be the faster approach and the most efficient not only to eliminate isobaric interferences from Sr-90, but also from Y-90, potentially present in samples containing high levels of radioactivity. Experiments using a collision cell to eliminate isobaric interferences in a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (ICP-QQQMS) have also been carried out, but results have demonstrated insufficient decontamination factors for nuclear forensic applications.
Medini, Salim. "Traçage géographique des huiles d’olive par les isotopes du Sr : développement analytique et application aux huiles AOP de Nîmes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4306/document.
Full textFor many years, an approach based on the identification of the geographical origin for food product has been implemented through the knowledge of its Sr isotopes, particularly through the analysis of 87Sr / 86Sr ratio. The objective of this thesis is to develop a similar strategy for the olive oils, from the example of PDO Nimes (Gard), in southern France. A specific methodology is necessary since the existing purification protocols of Sr revealed themselves inadequate because of viscosity, high organic load, low Sr content of this matrix In order to proceed to the analysis of the isotopic composition (IC), the first part of the study highlights the definition and validation of a specific method for the treatment of olive oils and strontium purification. The second part of the study is dedicated to expose the processes of assimilation and transfer of strontium into the olive tree. This approach, conducted through a detailed study of one of Nîmes PDO mills, demonstrated that the transfer of strontium from soils to olive tree, and within the olive tree, occurs without isotope fractionation.The last part of the manuscript studies the isotopic ratios 87Sr / 86Sr of the ten PDO olive oils of Nimes and consists in a comparison of this signature with the geological formations underlying the cultivation soils. This approach allows discussing quality of Sr isotopic tool in the geographical recognition of the olive products. The observed similarity between th IC from oils and soil allow us to conclude that, in this context of production, the Sr isotopes are a efficient tool to trace and certify the geographical origin of the oil
Potot, Cécile. "Étude hydrochimique du système aquifère de la basse vallée du Var : apport des éléments traces et des isotopes (Sr, Pb, O, Ra)." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE4004.
Full textThe main goal of this study is to improve the knowledge of the Lower Var Valley aquifers, under both Mediterranean and Alpine influences. Majors, trace elements, and O, Sr and Pb isotopes have been analysed under various hydrological conditions in water of the Low Var Valley including the alluvial aquifer, the Var River, its tributaries and groundwaters from Jurassic limestones and Pliocene conglomerates, which are the substrate of alluvia. Concentrations of most majors and trace elements are often close to the natural background, which gives a baseline quality of waters. High sensitivity in trace element measurement may allow to early detect contamination in any water body. Agricultural and / or residential contaminations have been detected in limestone and above all in conglomerate groundwater. The Var River is the main source of water of the alluvial aquifer, especially in upstream part. Conglomerate groundwater inputs stand for about 20 % of alluvial water recharge, which is lower than previously estimated. The use of both major and trace elements gives evidences of high heterogeneity in conglomerate groundwater and leads to estimate the proportions of inputs to the alluvial aquifer. Recharge of the alluvial aquifer by Jurassic limestones seems to be significant. Strong influence of Triassic evaporates in most samples gives limitation to the use of strontium isotopes as tracers of water origin. Pb isotopes gave complex results, which could suggest both a natural origin and an anthropogenic one that could be related to rainwater. Radium isotopes were used to estimate the flow velocity in the alluvial aquifer. Several techniques demonstrate the analytical feasibility of this approach and despite important exchanges with aquifer matrix, the use of isotopic ratios apparently minimizes the effect of complex processes
Porter, Courtney. "Solute Inputs to Soil and Stream Waters in a Seasonally Snow-Covered Mountain Catchment Determined Using Ge/Si, ⁸⁷SR/⁸⁶SR and Major Ion Chemistry: Valles Caldera, New Mexico." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/265377.
Full textPartey, Frederick Kenneh. "SOURCE OF FLUORINE AND PETROGENESIS OF THE RIO GRANDE RIFT TYPE BARITE-FLUORITE-GALENA DEPOSITS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1092262697.
Full textBouchard, Laurianne. "Rb-Sr Age Estimates of Pore Fluids in Sedimentary Rocks, DGR Site, Kincardine, Ontario." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32271.
Full textBrazier, Jean-Michel. "Rôle des phases minérales des sols en tant que réservoirs de nutriments : approche expérimentale (abiotique), en milieu naturel et multi-isotopique (isotopes stables Ca-Sr)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAH005/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis examined the mechanisms of storage and release, from and elementary and isotopically point of view, of calcium (Ca) and strontium (Sr) onto or into mineral phases commonly encountered within soils (primary minerals, clay minerals, oxy-hydroxides, pedogenic carbonate). A robust δ88Sr measurements method had to be developed in the laboratory and validated by the measurement of international reference materials, mostly never measured in the literature. The results of this work show that Ca adsorption onto phyllosilicate minerals generates a quantifiable isotopic fractionation by preferential uptake of the light isotope (40Ca) under our experimental conditions when the minerals have a significant structural charge and specific surface area and/or an interlayer space open to hydrated cations adsorption. A study on rhizoliths in natural environment has also highlighted that the combination of Ca and Sr isotopes allows an effective tracing of sources and mechanisms in the problematic related to the storage of these two elements within soils
Bayon, Germain. "An investigation into ND and SR isotopes in marine sediments and their application to paleoceanography." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250079.
Full textPullyottum, Kavil Sarath. "Isotopic tracing (Si, Ca, Sr, H and O) of biogeochemical processes in Indian groundwater along the land-to-ocean continuum." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS053.pdf.
Full textGroundwater forms a dynamic system exhibiting spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and acts as an intermediate between surface processes occurring in critical zone and the riverine systems, which ultimately delivers solutes from continents to ocean. Recent studies reveal that the submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a dominant pathway for nutrient delivery to the coastal ocean, often exceeding riverine nutrient fluxes, thus forming a significant component of oceanic biogeochemical cycling. However, SGD remains overlooked in coastal nutrient budgets and is difficult to quantify given large spatial and temporal variability. Among the elements delivered to the coast through SGD, silicon (Si) forms a key nutrient for diatoms, one of the dominant primary producers in freshwaters, estuary and coastal ecosystems. Tropical humid watersheds with seasonal monsoonal precipitation, commonly found in Indian subcontinent, favors intense silicate weathering resulting in high Si fluxes to surface and groundwaters. However, anthropogenic activities including agriculture and damming can significantly modulate Si cycling and requires further evaluation, particularly in groundwater. The present research investigates three major aspects of groundwater Si cycling: i) the impact of land use alterations (such as agriculture) and monsoon precipitation in groundwater dissolved silicon (DSi) and silicon isotopic signature (δ30Si) by comparing an agricultural (Berambadi) and forested (Mule Hole) watersheds across two seasons, ii) elucidating groundwater-surface water interactions in the largest monsoonal estuarine system in India (Godavari) and, iii) quantify the fresh submarine groundwater derived Si fluxes to Indian Ocean using a series of coastal groundwaters along Indian coastline. We employ multiple isotopic tracers to understand biogeochemical processes in groundwater including water isotopes and 87Sr/86Sr to understand sources and mixing, δ30Si and Ge/Si ratios to trace Si cycling, and δ44/40Ca to decipher carbonate weathering in critical zone. The present work increased the δ30Si average of global groundwater from 0.49±0.9‰ (1SD, n=66) to 0.81±0.9‰ (1SD, n=224), lower than the river water and seawater δ30Si. We show that the δ30Si signatures of groundwater are not impacted by land use alterations and seasonal monsoon, and are primarily driven by silicate weathering and secondary clay formation in soil and saprolite. Groundwater system generally exhibits a steady state behavior with a dynamic equilibrium between Si supply and formation of secondary phases. We conclude that Si isotopic signatures of weathering, adsorption, and plant uptake occurring in the shallow soil and saprolite horizons are partly overprinted and homogenized by the regolith weathering in the deep critical zone. In the second part of the thesis, we study Godavari estuary and adjacent groundwater to discern sources vs. mixing vs. processes along this land-to-ocean interface. The δ30Si signatures of estuary exhibit significant temporal variability, primarily driven by diatom uptake and some heterogeneous groundwater discharge during dry season while silicate weathering and secondary clay formation in the basin dominate during wet season. We note that estuaries can act as significant filters for Si supply to ocean, removing ~15% of the total DSi supplied by the Godavari river. The δ44/40Ca composition in Godavari estuary (1.3±0.5‰, 1SD, n=16) and groundwaters (1.6±0.7‰, 1SD, n=15) are highly heterogenous. The Ca isotopic fractionation in both estuary and groundwater are primarily driven by precipitation of secondary carbonates, a process that would require further study. Finally, the dissolved silicon and δ30Si of coastal groundwater all over India indicates that fresh SGD discharge contributes to <1% of the total Si flux of the rivers and is considered to have insignificant impact on oceanic Si and isotopic budgets in North Indian Ocean
Brahmi, Chloé. "Study of scleractinian coral biomineralization using ⁸⁶Sr-labeling and NanoSIMS ion-microprobe imaging." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0042.
Full textScleractinian corals build an aragonitic calcium carbonate exoskeleton. Their biomineralization processes have been studied in three different scleractinian species with or without zooxanthellae and with different growth rates. Heterogeneity of the tissue and the skeletal compositions was revealed at different length scales, using complementary observations and micro-analytical techniques at high spatial resolution. A central theme was the development and application of a method to label marine biocarbonates through a concentration-enrichment of a minor stable isotope of a trace element that is a natural component of seawater (86Sr), resulting in the formation of biocarbonate with corresponding isotopic enrichments. This biocarbonate was subsequently imaged with a NanoSIMS ion microprobe to visualize the locations of the isotopic marker on submicrometric length scales, permitting resolution of all ultra-structural details and access to the skeletal growth dynamics
Salgado, Souto Sergio Adrian, and Souto Sergio Adrian Salgado. "A Re-Os Geochronology and Multi Stable Isotope (C, N, S, Sr, Pb) Systematics of Source Rocks and Crude Oils from the Sonda de Campeche Petroleum System, Mexico." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626760.
Full textBentahila, Yasmine. "Sédimentation autour de Taiwan de 35000 ans à l'actuel : variations des sources (isotopes du Pb-Sr-Zn) et des conditions environnementales (isotopes du Cu-Zn)." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00103456.
Full textA l'échelle des derniers 35ka, d'importantes variations isotopiques en Sr-Pb (terrigène) et en Cu-Zn (carbonate) sont enregistrées dans les échantillons du forage ODP 1202D (Bassin d'Okinawa). Les isotopes du Sr et du Pb mettent en évidence une augmentation des apports lœssiques durant la période du Younger Dryas : cette augmentation est reliée à une intensification de la mousson d'hiver, engendrant des vents plus forts provenant du continent asiatique. Parallèlement, les fractionnements isotopiques importants du Cu et du Zn enregistrés depuis 6.9ka seraient liés à l'incorporation préférentielle des isotopes légers par l'activité biologique dans la zone euphotique. Ainsi, les faibles fractionnements isotopiques mesurés dans les échantillons du Younger Dryas seraient dus à un mélange entre les eaux de surfaces et les eaux plus profondes du fait de l'intensification des vents, provoquant ainsi une homogénéisation isotopique.
El, Meknassi Sofia. "Enregistrement des isotopes du Sr dans les coquilles et l'eau de mer côtière : réévaluation multi-échelles du cycle du Sr pour des implications paléoenvironnementales et chimiostratigraphiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30200.
Full textPast reconstructions of the isotopic Sr composition (87Sr / 86Sr) of marine carbonate skeletons (MCS) are very widely used by chemostratigraphs and palaeoenvironmentalists because they allow to reconstruct variations of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the ocean across geological time. Paleoenvironmental reconstructions and chemostratigraphic dating are based on the consensus that MCS precipitate their carbonate skeletons at the isotopic equilibrium with surrounded seawater, that is considered as homogeneous at global scale due to a residence time of Sr (2 Ma) higher than the global ocean mixing duration(1600 years). Their reliability as chemostratigraphic tools can therefore be questioned, in particular because no formal evaluation of biological and environmental biases has been carried out at a global scale. This study proposes a global reassessment of the Sr isotopic composition of both MCS and seawater of coastal and oligotrophic environments. The isotopic signature of MCS and coastal water is largely influenced by continental inputs that can modify their isotopic signatures. In fact, given these heterogeneities, this study has recalculated the Sr residence time. Finally, this study propose a better understanding of the global strontium cycle at different time scale
Wei, Ran [Verfasser]. "Application of Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes to the late quaternary paleoceanography of the Atlantic Ocean / Ran Wei." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1120442559/34.
Full textMoragues, Quiroga Cristina. "Water mixing processes in the critical zone : evidence from trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb-U isotopes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAH002.
Full textCatchment hydrological functions of water collection, storage and release have geochemical signatures in stream water largely mirroring those found in critical zone compartments. These signatures are strongly controlled by the different bio-geo-physico-chemical processes that occur within the regolith-plant interface. Until now, investigations into the critical zone’s regolith and hydrological processes research have largely remained uncoupled –leading to a widespread use of non-conservative tracers with multiple origins and thereby stymieing our capability for identifying water pools and flow paths. Here we study the mixing of water in the subsurface through a unique portfolio of complementary groups of tracers (trace elements O-Hand Sr-Nd-Pb-U isotopes) which enables investigating regolith evolution processes and solutes transport within the critical zone. We report the interest of this approach to strengthen water flowpaths and end-members characterization
Munier, Thomas. "Évolution des conditions d’altération et des paléoclimats au cours de l'intervalle Albien-Santonien (113-83 Ma) : apports des minéraux argileux et de la géochimie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS156.pdf.
Full textThe Albian-Santonian interval (~113-83 Ma) is a key period in Cretaceous history. This interval is characterised by a high seafloor spreading rate, related to the breakup of Pangea, and by a significant activity of large igneous provinces, which generate an increase in pCO2 (Arthur et al., 1985). These conditions lead to a progressive temperature increase until the mid-Cretaceous thermal maximum, recorded at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary (~94 Ma). This latter is followed from the late Turonian by a decline in temperature and pCO2 (Linnert et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2014). A decrease of volcanic activity, an increase of carbonate production, and an enhanced organic carbon storage during the anoxic oceanic event OAE 2 (Cenomanian-Turonian boundary) are frequently cited to explain the pCO2 decline. However, silicate weathering can also be involved as a triggered mechanism for this decrease. The analyse of new boreholes, drilled during the IODP Leg 369 on the southern and southwestern margins of Australia, coupled with some old boreholes of the ODP Legs 122 and 123 on the northwestern margin, allowed us to investigate the evolution of weathering conditions during this interval at the middle and high latitudes in a poorly studied sector. A detailed work, based on clay mineralogy, has been done on six sites located in the Great Bay Basin (Site U1512), in the Mentelle Basin (sites U1513 & U1516), in the Carnarvon Basin (sites 763 & 766) and the Argo Abyssal Plain (Site 765), respectively. For 3 sites (U1512, U1513 and 763), these studies have been completed by SEM and TEM observations and geochemical analyses (Sr and Nd isotopic ratios and concentrations of major & trace elements). These new data have been compared to the several studies, already done in the Atlantic Ocean and in the peri-Tethyan domain. During the Albian-Turonian interval, the clay mineral assemblages are characterised by an increase in smectite proportions, observed over all the studied regions. This increase results from a combination of global and local parameters. The tectonic stabilisation of the African and North American margins reduces the physical weathering, which leads to a decrease in illite and chlorite proportions, and permits the implementation of pedogenetic processes, which favours the formation of smectites. The preferential weathering of volcanic rocks from the end of the Cenomanian, highlighted by Sr and Nd isotopic measurements on some sites of Australia (U1513) or Africa (959) margins, also results in a relative increase of smectites. Finally, the sea level rise, recorded from the Albian to the Lower Turonian and associated with an enrichment in smectites, highlights the influence of the differential settling process on clay assemblages. The Cenomanian-Turonian interval, characterised by an increase in the proportions of kaolinites at the low and middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, is interpreted as marked by more hydrolysing conditions. These kaolinites are present only in sectors, where tectonic was active at the end of the Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian). Thus, despite a climate favourable to their formation, the absence of kaolinites in favour of smectites in the Southern Hemisphere characterizes the influence of topography and good drainage conditions to form these minerals. The Albian-Santonian interval is thus characterised by an increase in chemical weathering that was maximal at the mid-Cretaceous thermal maximum. Nevertheless, this increase in hydrolysing conditions, associated to the denudation of the continental landmasses, seems to be insufficient to cause the pCO2 decrease during this thermal maximum. It appears then, despite a climate favourable for hydrolysis, high sea level and flattening of the continental masses prevent the chemical weathering of silicates which cannot regulate pCO2
Lahd, Geagea Majdi. "Caractérisation chimique et isotopique des aérosols organiques/inorganiques et détermination de l'impact de la pollution atmosphérique sur l'environnement urbain." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR1GE14.
Full textThe aim of this study was to determine the heavy metal pollution in the urban environment of Strasbourg and Kehl with help of isotopes. This study focused on three aspects: 1) The « natural » background isotopic composition in the Rhine Valley, Vosges Mountains and the Central Swiss Alps. 2) The REE characteristics and Pb, Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of steel plant emissions. 3) Tracing of industrial aerosol sources in an urban environment using Pb, Sr and Nd isotopes. Filter dust of the principal pollutant sources (waste incinerators, thermal power plant, and steel plant) and soot of car and ship exhaust have been analyzed. The industrial sources have variable εNd values and 87Sr/86Sr ratios. PM10 collected in the urban centre of Strasbourg show the influence of different industrial and natural sources
Katz, David Allen. "Early and Late Diagenetic Processes of Mississippian Carbonates, Northern U.S. Rockies." Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/154.
Full textDeLong, Kristine L. "Reconstructing 20th century SST variability in the southwest pacific : a replication study using multiple coral Sr/Ca records from New Caledonia." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001734.
Full textSong, Lisa. "Evaluating the use of Sr, Pb, and U isotopes for fingerprinting surface and groundwaters in southern New Hampshire." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114360.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 50-52).
Increased pressure on fresh water reserves in southern New Hampshire requires new methods for monitoring exploitation. In a pilot study, surface water and groundwater samples from southern New Hampshire were analyzed for Sr, Pb, and U isotopes to test if they could be used to distinguish between different reservoirs (surface waters, bedrock wells, and sand and gravel wells). Detecting and monitoring communication between different aquifers is an essential part of water management, and mixing between the reservoirs due to overproduction of the wells could adversely impact drinking water quality. The results show that a mix of ²³⁴U/²³⁸U, ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios was the most useful in distinguishing between the reservoirs. This method has great potential for the long-term monitoring of water wells to prevent overproduction.
by Lisa Song.
S.B.
Morisset, Caroline-Emmanuelle. "Origin of rutile-bearing ilmenite Fe-Ti deposits in Proterozoic anorthosite massifs of the Grenville Province." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2842.
Full textHernawati, Yulaika. "Meteoric Diagenesis of Plio-Pleistocene Reef Terraces in the Southern Dominican Republic." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/296.
Full textImbert, Stulc Anna. "Provenances géographiques des bois de la cathédrale de Notre-Dame de Paris. Compositions élémentaires et isotopiques en Sr et Nd : effet de la carbonisation, référentiels régionaux et applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS594.pdf.
Full textThe wooden framework of the Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral was almost destroyed by fire on April 15, 2019. Although the remains of the charred timbers are not of interest for the reconstruction, they conceal more than 800 years of the monument’s history. Their investigation thus constitutes an extraordinary opportunity to shed light on the construction techniques and relationships between society and forest resources during the Central Middle Ages (11th-13th centuries). A key point to better understand past forestry management and timber trade is the provenance of the timber woods. The aim of this work is to determine the geographical origin of the wood used to build the Notre-Dame's framework with the help of geochemical tracers, in particular the multi-elemental composition and isotope ratios of strontium (Sr) and neodymium (Nd). The strength of geochemical source tracing relies on the ability to discriminate sites based on their geological and soil contexts. During growth, trees absorb mineral-derived nutrients which are partially transferred to the wood cell walls. The abundance and isotopic signature of these mineral-derived nutrients in wood thus reflect those of rocks and soils on which the tree grew. This approach is applied here for the first time to carbonized archeological wood. Before proceeding to identification of the origin of the Notre-Dame timber woods, 1) the preservation of geochemical signals during carbonization was verified experimentally, and 2) a referential database of multi-elemental and Sr-Nd isotopic signatures in modern wood was built at the scale of the Seine River catchment. Although the carbonization led to volatilization and loss of some of the studied elements, it did not affect Sr and Nd isotopic composition of charred wood. Additionally, reliable elemental tracers for provenance were selected on the basis of the ratios of thermostable elements i.e., those whose decrease in concentration was negligible (< 20% at 800°C). The geochemical tracers were tested on modern wood from the 12 referential forests, each representing one type of substrate characteristic of the Seine River catchment area. Determination of the origin of modern wood could be achieved with an accuracy of around 80% and was strongly controlled by the 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio, as well as by the Sr/Ca and Nd/Ca elemental ratios. The carbonized timbers from the Notre-Dame framework were characterized for cutting dates of trees and their geochemical signatures were compared with one another, and with those of wood from the referential forests. The geochemical signatures of most of the medieval woods were found to be characteristic of forest stands growing on deep silty soils, in agreement with findings from historical archives pointing towards an origin of the timbers in the south-east of Paris
Visser, Gledus. "The application of Sr-spec resin in the analysis of 90Sr in effluent and environmental samples at KNPS." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2327.
Full textRadiostrontium (90Sr and 89Sr) has been released to the environment by global fall-out following atmospheric nuclear explosions, by waste discharges and fall-out from the Chernobyl. 89Sr, with a half-life of 50.5 days, quickly decays to undetectable levels, while 90Sr is radiobiologically more important because of its longer half-life of 28.78 years, and because it behaves chemically similar to Ca, and accumulates in bones and teeth. Cost effective and relatively simple procedures for determination of radiostrontium are desirable. An accurate determination of radionuclides from various sources in the environment is essential for assessment of the potential hazards and suitable countermeasures both in case of accidents, authorised releases and routine surveillances. Reliable radiochemical separation and detection techniques are needed for accurate determination of alpha and beta emitters. Rapid analytical methods are needed in case of an accident for early decision-making. At the Koeberg Nuclear Power Station (KNPS), 90Sr analysis are performed on liquid effluent samples making use of the traditional fuming nitric acid method, and subsequent counting of particulate samples on an alpha/beta proportional counter. This method is often at times very time – consuming, and involves many precipitation steps. The use of fuming nitric acid is also very dangerous and could lead to severe personnel injuries in the event of an accident. This project focussed on the application of Sr-Spec resin in the analysis of 90Sr. This work presents the methods for 90Sr analysis for both effluent samples as well as environmental samples. This research also focussed on the calibration of the different radiometric instruments, which are the Liquid Scintillation Counter, the Alpha/Beta Counter as well as the Gamma Detector.
Martins, Veridiana Teixeira de Souza. "Aplicação de isótopos de Pb, Sr, H e O como traçadores da recarga e da contaminação de aqüíferos metropolitanos: um exemplo da Bacia do Alto Tietê." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44142/tde-19122008-084523/.
Full textThe importance of a sustainable use of water and its resultant necessity of reducing groundwater pollution and waste is the driving force of this study. The main subject is to evaluate the application of environmental isotopes, as H, O, Sr and Pb, for studying the groundwater recharge sources and its quality, as well as the impact of the surface sealing on these indicators, due to urbanization. Two areas with different occupation in São Paulo City, within the Upper Tietê Watershed, one in west zone (area 1) and other in the east zone (area 2) were chosen to do this study. In both areas, water samples were collected for a year from: monitoring wells, supply agency and rain. Sediments were also sampled during drilling. Chemical analyses were carried out in 390 water samples and 62 sediments, whereas H and O isotopic analyses were performed on 413 water samples and Pb and Sr isotopic analyses on 122 water samples and 34 sediments. This work also determined that analytical procedures for Pb and Sr isotopic analyses of groundwater samples with low Sr and Pb concentration should filter and acidify water samples prior to evaporate it, their residue should be dissolved with HCl, HNO3 and HF, before purification by ionic exchange resin. All groundwater samples showed some anthropogenic contamination. Groundwater contamination in VE is characterized by high concentrations of Cl-, SO42- and NO3-, whereas in USP of Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, Na+ and F- besides high alkalinity. The Pb leaching isotopic technique applied on sediments showed that there is low water-rock interaction and they were not used as end members for the mixing calculation. The H and O isotopic analyses indicated that precipitation in São Paulo are dependent of the amount effect and the different sources of air masses in different climate periods. The isotopic estimate of recharge indicated that VE, which has a more impermeable surface, has approximately 10% (H e O) to 20% (Pb) more anthropogenic recharge than USP. At USP the natural recharge calculated by H and O isotopes has mean value of 70%, whereas in VE this value drops to 59%. The Pb isotopes indicated a natural recharge of 53% and 35% for USP and VE, respectively. The conclusions made with the isotopic and chemical results are that: Sr isotopes are not good recharge tracers for contaminated areas with low residence time; O and H isotopes do not present significant differences between isotopic signatures from water distributed by the public supply company and most contaminated samples by sewage; Pb isotopes are good indicators of recharge tracers for contaminated areas, as they can discriminate waters from sewer leakage and public supply company waters.
Warham, Joseph O. "Mapping biosphere strontium isotope ratios across major lithological boundaries. A systematic investigation of the major influences on geographic variation in the 87Sr/86Sr composition of bioavailable strontium above the Cretaceous and Jurassic rocks of England." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5500.
Full textBritish Geological Survey¿s British University Funding Initiative (BUFI) and the School of Life Sciences at the University of Bradford joint funding.
Nonell, Anthony. "Géochimie élémentaire et isotopique du Zn, du Sr et du Pb dans les gaz volcaniques : méthodologies d'échantillonnage et apports à la compréhension des interactions fluides/solides." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011689.
Full textMeng, Qing. "Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb-Os isotope systematics of peridotites from the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt, Eastern China." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1250045812.
Full textRomeur, Monique, and René Maury. "Séries magmatiques arc et arrière-arc de la Sonde : nature des sources impliquées (éléments en trace et isotopes Sr-Nd-Pb)." Brest, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BRES2006.
Full textClarke, Christopher Angus Leo. "A Geochemical Exploration of the Sagehen Volcanic Centre, Truckee-Tahoe Region, California, U.S.A." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22899.
Full textWarham, Joseph Olav. "Mapping biosphere strontium isotope ratios across major lithological boundaries : a systematic investigation of the major influences on geographic variation in the 87Sr/86Sr composition of bioavailable strontium above the Cretaceous and Jurassic rocks of England." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5500.
Full textLabanieh, Shasa. "Géochimie de l'île de la Martinique aux Petites Antilles." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10116.
Full textMartinique Island has recorded the most complete history of the Lesser Antilles arc, from 25 Ma to present. The chemical and isotopic heterogeneity of the lavas is very large compared to other islands from the same arc and compared to other intra-oceanic arcs. The aim of this study is to explain the chemical and isotopic variability of Martinique lavas and to constrain the processes that took place during the genesis of volcanic products. We did a detailed geochemical study (major elements, minor elements and Pb, Sr, Nd and Hf isotopic ratios) of samples collected all over Martinique Island. Our geochemical study was coupled to precise dating of the same lavas by the K-Ar method through a collaboration with Aurélie Germa and Xavier Quidelleur from the University of Orsay-Paris XI. Martinique lavas define mixing trends between depleted and enriched end-members. Two significantly different trends can be distinguished, one defined by “old” lavas (between 25 and 7 Ma) and one defined by “recent” lavas (between 5 Ma and present). Both depleted and enriched end-members involved in the source of magmas differ before and after 6 Ma. The change of source most probably occurred when the subduction of an aseismic ridge shifted to the West the northern part of the arc. We evaluate the origin of the crustal signature of Martinique lavas through (a) a mixing model between slab sediments and mantle wedge and (b) a crustal assimilation model in which mantle-derived magmas are contaminated by the arc crust. The crustal-contamination model does not reproduce the trends defined by the Martinique lavas whereas the mixing model succeeds. A comparison between crustal end-members as constrained by the mixing trends, and local subducted sediments indicates that there is no decoupling between Pb, Sr, Nd and Hf implying that sediments are added to the mantle wedge through fusion and not dehydration. The La/Yb ratio is a proxy of the proportion of sediments involved in the genesis of the lavas. It is not governed by the melting degree or the nature of the residual aluminous phase in the mantle, even though lavas are generated by approximately 10% partial melting of a garnet-bearing mantle source. We show that La/Yb defines a spatial gradient in the island, suggesting a geographical gradient of the proportion of sediments
Goulart, Rossana Vicente. "Caracterização geoquímica e isotópica das rochas carbonáticas da zona central do embasamento do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/56322.
Full textThe São Gabriel Block, located in the central zone of the crystalline basement of Rio Grande do Sul has extensive Neoproterozoic records of the Brasiliano Cycle, contained in igneous and metamorphic complexes. These complexes also keep sedimentary records with metamorphosed carbonate sequences whose tectonic evolution is poorly understood. These sequences are found in Passo Feio Formation, located in Caçapava do Sul region, in Complex Cambaí, at Vila Nova do Sul region and in Coxilha do Batovi metavolcanosedimentary Complex, in the São Gabriel region. The Passo Feio Formation carbonate rocks consist of impure dolomite marbles. The Cambaí Complex samples are classified as impure calcite marbles. Coxilha do Batovi Complex samples include calcite and calc-silicate marbles whose mineral assemblage are composed predominantly of calcite in some samples and graphite in others, with quartz rates up to 10% showing the siliciclastic contribution to the protolith. Zircon ages of associated rocks from previous works indicate an interval between 770-700 Ma for carbonate deposition in S. Gabriel Block. The carbonates from Passo Feio Formation were affected by dolomitization process during or early after its deposition, while the carbonates from Cambaí Complex were not affected by dolomitization. Trace elements and REE geochemistry of marbles indicate preservation of original signature of carbonate protoliths along different metamorphic grades; Coxilha do Batovi (low grade), Passo Feio Formation and Cambaí Complex (medium grade). The integrated analysis of Sr isotope, 13C and 18O from Passo Feio Formation and Cambaí Complex revealed the preservation of primary isotopic signatures. The Passo Feio Formation signatures are: 0,7074 (Sr87/Sr86), -0,26‰ and 2,44‰ (δ13CPDB) and -5,68 (δ18OPDB). In Cambaí Complex, the primary signatures are: 0,7069 (Sr87/Sr86), 5,75 (δ13CPDB) and -11,64 (δ18OPDB). When compared with the variation of these isotopes in seawater along the Neoproterozoic it appears that Passo Feio Formation and Cambaí Complex are situated in the range between 740 and 730 Ma. Based on these data it is suggested that the São Gabriel Block depositional event occurred between 770-700 Ma. The period suggested for the carbonate rocks depositional event of Passo Feio Formation is between 770-730 Ma, and specifically between 740-730 for Cambaí Complex.
Labanieh, Shasa. "Géochimie de l'île de la Martinique aux Petites Antilles." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00467762.
Full textLe, Quilleuc Meryll. "Caractérisation élémentaire et isotopique (Sr et Nd) des dépôts d'aérosols sahariens sur la marge sénégalaise : implications pour la signature géochimique des sources." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R075.
Full textMineral aerosols emitted in arid and semi-arid regions of the Earth represent an active element of the global climate system. In fact, due to their optical properties and their role in nucleation processes in the atmosphere, they have an impact on the radiative budget and the hydrological cycle. They also take part in many biogeochemical cycles in the ocean and on land through the input of micro-nutriments in regions where they are deposited. Mineral dust is also an indicator of paleo-environmental conditions changes in sedimentary archives. Mineral dust impact in the climate system depends on the amount of particles transported in the atmosphere, on their grain size distributions and on their geochemical compositions. Yet, these characteristics are often insufficiently quantified, particularly in the vast Sahara-Sahel domain (the largest source worldwide), due to the numerous emissions areas and to their intermittency. The characteristics of Saharan dust deposits are especially poorly constrained, although they are essentials to estimate the dust impact on biogeochemical cycles, to make the connection with sedimentary deposits, and to validate dust transport model outputs. A study of eolian deposits was carried out on the Senegalese coast in order to improve our knowledge of the chemical composition of mineral aerosols transported over the West African margin and of the geochemical signature of the source regions. For this purpose, a passive collector was set up in 2006 at Mbour, allowing the build up of a long continuous time series dust deposits with a sampling resolution of a week or less (down to 24h). Elemental composition (major and trace elements) of the <30µm carbonate-free, silicate fraction of 221 dust deposit samples was determined (including a two-year continuous time series between March 2013 and February 2015), as well as the Sr and Nd isotopic ratios for 63 of them. Concurrently, investigations on the sources feeding our sampling site were conducted with the help of the IDDI satellite product as well as air masses backtrajectories calculated with the HYSPLIT model. The study of the 2013-2015 continuous time series of dust deposits revealed a large variability in the chemical composition of the dust, suggesting an important diversity in the geochemistry of the contributing sources. This long time series brought to light marked seasonal changes, both in the mass flux and the chemical composition, that can be linked to changes in provenance and transporting wind systems between the dry season (winter-spring) during which aerosols are transported in the trade winds that sweep across West Africa, and the wet season (summer) when dust deposit result to some degree from the scavenging by precipitations of dust transported at high altitude in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL)
Stephans, Christie L. "Assessing the Reproducibility of Coral-based Climate Records: A Multi-proxy Replication Test using Three Porites lutea Coral Heads from New Caledonia." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000165.
Full textPotot, Cécile. "Etude hydrochimique du système aquifère de la basse vallée du Var Apport des éléments traces et des isotopes (Sr, Pb, δ18O, 226, 228Ra)." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00586806.
Full textBriot, Danielle. "Génèse d'une série alcaline intraplaque continentale : étude géochimique (éléments traces et isotopes SR-ND-O) du volcan des Monts Dore (Massif central français)." Clermond-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF21107.
Full textDe, roubin Antoine. "Mass measurements of neutron-rich strontium and rubidium isotopes in the A ≈ 100 and development of an electrospray ionization ion source." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0426/document.
Full textAn extension of the atomic mass surface in the region A ≈ 100 is performed via massmeasurements of the 100-102Sr and 100-102Rb isotopes with the ion-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAPat CERN-ISOLDE. The first direct mass measurements of 102Sr and 101;102Rb are reported here. Thesemeasurements confirm the continuation of the region of nuclear deformation with the increase of neutronnumber, at least as far as N = 65.In order to interpret the deformation in the strontium isotopic chain and to determine whether an onsetof deformation is present in heavier krypton isotopes, a comparison is made between experimentalvalues and theoretical calculations available in the literature. To complete this comparison, Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations for even and odd isotopes are also presented, illustrating the competitionof nuclear shapes in the region.The development of an electrospray ionization ion source is presented. This source can delivera large range of isobaric masses for calibration purposes. The early commissioning of the sourceis discussed, including the results from the first mass scans detected behind the quadrupole massspectrometer. A resolution of a few atomic mass units is reached
Brenot, Agnès. "Origine de l'eau et des éléments dissous par traçage isotopique (H, O, S, Mg, Sr) sur le bassin amont de la Moselle." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2006_BRENOT_A.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this work was to identify and quantify, in time and space, the origin of water and of dissolved elements on the Moselle river basin, using three types of isotopic tracers. This basin is remarkable for its very contrasted lithology and land use at a small distance scale. A strong contrast appears between the Vosges mountains with silicate rocks and mainly forested soils upstream and the Lorraine plateau with carbonate/evaporite rocks and dominated by agriculture downstream. The first objective of this work was to assess some hydrological processes occurring on the basin. The isotopic composition of H and O of water permited to describe water dynamics and reponse delay of water to meteoric events depending on the water reservoir studied and the sampling period. Response delay estimated vary from few days for soil water collected by drains during high flow period, to several weeks for river water, to several months for soil water collected by porous cups and spring water. Secondly, we documented variations of the isotopic composition of S and O of dissolved sulfates in time and space. Three main sources have been identified: atmospheric inputs, weathering of evaporites and leaching of S-fertilizers. Sulfates inputs from S-fertilizers showed a clear seasonality and appeared during high river flow period (October 2003 to March 20004), when the leaching of soils is intensive and would represent up to 13% of the sulfates exported each year by the Madon river at Mirecourt. The isotopic composition of dissolved Sr in rivers on the Moselle basin correspond to a simple mixing between the silicate end-member and the carbonate end-member defined locally, suggesting a relative simplicity of the system studied. On this basis, we tested the potential of Mg as a new isotopic tracer in river systems. Mg in river waters draining silicates is systematically depleted in 26Mg (δ26Mg=-1. 2 and -0. 7‰) relative to corresponding rocks and soils (δ26Mg=0. 2 and 1. 7‰), suggesting that isotope fractionation occurred during weathering. δ26Mg values of dissolved Mg in rivers flowing on sedimentary rocks (-1. 6 to -1. 1‰) are significantly lower than those for rivers flowing on silicate rocks. In addition, δ26Mg values are clearly correlate with 87Sr/86Sr ratio and Sr/Mg ratio, showing that Mg isotopes are able to trace the origin of dissolved Mg for these rivers. Finally, an important excess of Mg and Sr relative to Ca appeared in rivers draining sedimentary rocks on the Lorraine plateau and we demonstrated that the removal of Ca by calcite precipitation is the most likely process to explain this excess
Briot, Danielle. "Genèse d'une série alcaline intraplaque continentale étude géochimique (éléments en trace et isotopes Sr-Nd-O) du volcan des Monts Dore, Massif Central français /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612417w.
Full textMarques, Rodson de Abreu. "Litogeoquímica, geocronologia (U-Pb) e geoquímica isotópica (Sr-Nd) dos granitoides do Domínio Cambuci (Faixa Ribeira) na região limítrofe dos Estados do Rio de Janeiro e Espírito Santo." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8830.
Full textOs granitoides do Domínio Cambuci, na região limítrofe entre os estados do Rio de Janeiro e Espírito Santo, foram separados em quatro principais grupos: (1) Complexo Serra da Bolívia (CSB) - Ortogranulitos e Ortognaisses Heterogêneos; Ortognaisse Cinza Foliado; e charnockitos da Região de Monte Verde (2) Leucogranitos/leucocharnockitos gnaissificados da Suíte São João do Paraíso (SSJP) (3) Granito Cinza Foliado (4) Leucogranito isotrópico. O CSB é caracterizado pelo magmatismo de caráter calcioalcalino do tipo I, oriundo em ambiente de arco vulcânico (Suíte Monte Verde) e retrabalhamento crustal (ortogranulitos leucocráticos). O Ortogranulito esverdeado fino, é considerado no presente estudo como rocha do embasamento para o Terreno Oriental, cristalizada durante o paleoproterozoico - Riaciano (2184,3 21 Ma) e recristalizada durante o evento metamórfico Brasiliano no neoproterozoico - Edicariano (607,2 1,5 Ma), cuja idade TDM é de 2936 Ma. O Ortogranulito leucocrático médio cristalizou-se no neoproterozoico Edicariano (entre 592 e 609 Ma) e idade TDM ca. 2100 Ma, ao qual apresenta registro de herança no paleoproterozoico. A Suíte Monte Verde caracteriza-se por um magmatismo calcioalcalino e a Suíte Córrego Fortaleza, por um magmatismo calcioalcalino de alto K, ambas com assinatura de arco magmático. Registram dois pulsos magmáticos, em no Neoproterozoico - Edicarano: um em 592 2 Ma, idade do charnoenderbito, com idade TDM 1797 Ma, e outro em 571,2 1,8 Ma (injeção de um charnockitoide). Para todas as rochas do CSB são registradas feições protomiloníticas, miloníticas e localmente ultramiloníticas. Os dados geoquímicos indicam que os granitoides da SSJP são da série calcioalcalina de alto K, gerados no Neoproterozoico (idades que variam desde 610,3 4,7 Ma até, 592,2 1,3 Ma. As idades TDM revelam valores discrepantes para duas amostras: 1918 Ma e 2415 Ma, sugerindo que tenham sido geradas de diferentes fontes. O Granito Cinza Foliado é da Série Shoshonítica, metaluminoso do tipo I e, de ambiência tectônica de granitos intraplaca. Entretanto, poderiam ter sido fomados em ambiente de arco cordilheirano, havendo contaminação de outras fontes crustais. Fato este pode ser confirmado pelas as idades TDM calculadas ≈ 1429 1446 Ma. O Leucogranito isotrópico ocorre em forma de diques de direção NW, possui textura maciça e é inequigranular. Dados geoquímicos revelam que são granitoides metaluminosos do tipo I da série shoshonítica, e, de acordo com a ambiência tectônica, são granitos intraplaca. O Leucogranito Isotrópico representa o magmatismo pós-colisional ao qual ocorreu entre 80 a 90 Ma de anos após o término do evento colisional na região central da Faixa Ribeira. O Leucogranito Issotrópico cristalizou-se no cambriano (512,3 3,3 Ma e 508,6 2,2 Ma) e com idades TDM ca. 1900
The granitoids of Cambuci Domain, situated between Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo states, were divided into four main groups: (1) Serra Bolivia Complex (CSB) - Heterogeneous Orthogranulites and Orthogneisses; Grey Fine grained Orthogneiss; and charnockites of Monte Verde Region (2) leucogranites / leucocharnockites gness of the São João do Paraíso Suite (SSJP) (3) Grey Foliated Granite (4) Isotropic Leucogranite. The CSB is characterized by type I calc character of magmatism, generate in volcanic arc environment (Monte Verde Suite) and crustal reworking (Leucocratic ortogranulites). The Fine grained Greenish, is considered in this research as the embasement rock for the Oriental Terrain, crystallized during the Paleoproterozoic - Riacian (2184.3 21 Ma) and recrystallized during in the metamorphic event in the Neoproterozoic - Edicarian (607.2 1.5 Ma), whose TDM age is 2936 Ma. The Medium grained Leucocratic Ortogranulite was crystallized in the Neoproterozoic - Edicarian (between 592 and 609 Ma) and its TDM age is ca. 2100 Ma, which features heritage record in the Paleoproterozoic. The Monte Verde Suite is characterized by a magmatism calcialcalin and the Córrego Fortaleza Suite, magmatism calc-alkaline high K, both show magmatic arc signature. Records two magmatic pulses in a sample (JP-RM-08A) in the Neoproterozoic - Edicaran: the first one in 592 2 Ma, and TDM age 1797 Ma, and the second one in 571.2 1.8 Ma (injecting a charnockitoids). For all CSB rocks, protomylonítics, Mylonitic and locally ultramilonítics features were portrayed. Geochemical data show these SSJP granitoids are the calc-alkaline series of high-K, crystallyzed in Neoproterozoic (ranging from 610.3 4.7 Ma to 592.2 1.3 Ma). TDM ages show outliers in two samples: 1918 Ma and 2415 Ma, suggesting that have been generated from different sources. The Gray Foliated Granite belongs to the shoshonitic series, type I and metaluminous and are intraplate granites. However, could have been formed into arc cordilheirano, with crustal contamination of other sources. This fact would be confirmed by the TDM ages calculated ≈ 1429 - 1446 Ma. The Isotropic Leucogranite occurs in the form of dykes, NW direction, has massive texture and is inequigranular. Geochemical data show these granitoids are metaluminous the type I shoshonitic series. They are intraplate granites. The Isotropic Leucogranite represents the post-collisional magmatism which took place between 80 and 90 Ma years after the collisional event in central sector of Ribeira Belt. It is crystallized in the Cambrian (512.3 3.3 Ma e 508.6 2.2 Ma) and TDM ages, ca. 1900 Ma
Santos, Gustavo Macedo de Paula. "Quimioestratigrafia isotópica (C, O, Sr) e geocronologia (U-Pb, Sm-Nd) das rochas da Formação Sete Lagoas, Grupo Bambuí." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44141/tde-10022014-110652/.
Full textRecently published geochronological data has arisen questions on the Sete Lagoas Formation (SLF) depositional evolution. This unit is mainly composed by carbonate rocks with subordinated pelitic intercalations and represents the basal unit of the Bambuí Group, which overlies the glacial deposits of the Jequitaí Formation in the São Francisco Craton (SFC). This study combines isotope chemostratigraphy (C, O, Sr) and geochronology (U -Pb and Hf on detrital zircons and Sm-Nd on whole rock samples) in five sections of the SLF in the Lagoa Santa (MG) region, southern part of SFC, in order to answer such questions. Vespasiano (VS) and Ana Paula (AP) sections are composed by gray limestones and beige dolostones, with high contents of detrital sediments and poor in organic matter. The most representative \'delta\'\'POT.13C\' values obtained oscillate within a narrow range around 0%o. These data allow positioning these sections in the first depositional sequence of the SLF, above the basal Sturtian cap carbonates (~740 Ma) of this unit. Bairro da Lapinha (BL), Pedra do Baú (BAU) and Parque da Gruta da Lapinha (PGL) sections comprises dark gray to black limestones, with low detrital sediments contents and rich in organic matter. They are characterized by very positive \'delta\'\'POT.13\'C values (> 6%o) and \'87 ANTPOT.Sr\'/ \'86 ANTPOT.Sr\' ratios close to 0.7075. These sections belong to the second sequence of the SLF. Detrital zircons were retrieved from three marl samples from sections VS, AP and PGL and dated by the U-Pb method. The results indicate that the siliciclastic sediments of the SLF come from sources of long crustal residence time located in the Araçuaí-West Congo Orogen. The youngest population is 557 Ma aged and sets the maximum depositional age for the second sequence of SLF and most of the Bambuí Group. Furthermore, younger concordant zircon grains with ages of 537 ± 4 Ma and 506 ± 7 Ma for the first and second sequence, respectively, refute the hypothesis of a major sedimentation gap between the sequences, as recently proposed, and endorse an Ediacaran/Cambrian age for the SLF. If such gap does exist, it lies between the Sturtian cap carbonates and the sections with \'delta\'\'POT.13\' C around 0%o. These ages also indicate that the deposition of most of the Bambuí Group took place in a foreland basin, after the closure of the Adamastor Ocean which led to the edification of the Araçuaí Belt to the east of the SFC. The \'87 ANTPOT.Sr\'/ \'86 ANTPOT.Sr\' ratios obtained on the SLF carbonates contrast with the recently proposed Sr evolution curves, especially for the Cambrian, from where ratios higher than 0.7085 would be expected. It is possible that the SLF was deposited on a restricted eipiric sea and global correlations based on Sr isotopes are not reliable in such cases.
Stair, Kristine L. "Assessing the reproducibility of skeletal geochemistry records in Atlantic corals using Montastraea annularis coral heads from the Dry Tortugas, Florida." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001966.
Full textAntibus, Joanne Vinopal. "A Petrographic, Geochemical and Isotopic(Sr, O, H and C) Investigation of Alteration Minerals in Volcaniclastic Rocks at Minna Bluff, Antarctica: Petrogenesis and Implications for Paleoenvironmental Conditions." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1339771052.
Full textMaupin, Christopher Robert. "Extracting a Climate Signal from the Skeletal Geochemistry of the Caribbean Coral Siderastrea siderea." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002433.
Full textNelson, Wendy Rae. "Mineral-Scale Sr Isotopic Study of Plagioclase in the Mafic Dikes of the North American Wall and the Diorite of the Rockslides, Yosemite Valley, California." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1204.pdf.
Full textMaes, Pauline. "Circulations de fluides et interactions eau/roche passées et actuelles dans la pile sédimentaire du site de Meuse/Haute-Marne : apport des isotopes du Sr et conséquences." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20174.
Full textVella, Virginie. "Les chronomètres U-Pb, Rb-Sr, K-Ar appliqués à l'évolution d'un gisement uranifère en milieu sédimentaire : cas du bassin permien de Lodève (Hérault)." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20154.
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