Academic literature on the topic 'Isolated tumour cells'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Isolated tumour cells.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Isolated tumour cells"
1
Carli, Camila B. de A., Djamile C. de Matos, Flávia C. M. Lopes, Danielle C. G. Maia, Maristela B. Dias, Miriam Sannomiya, Clenilson M. Rodrigues, et al. "Isolated Flavonoids against Mammary Tumour Cells LM2." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 64, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2009): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2009-1-206.
Full textAbstract:
1The purpose of the present study was to investigate antitumour and anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoids isolated from Byrsonima crassa, Davilla elliptica and Mouriri pusa. The antitumour activity was measured by the MTT assay in murine mammary tumour cells (LM2) and the IC50 values of the fl avonoids tested ranged from (31.5 ± 2.97) to (203.1 ± 5.9) μg/ml. The fl avonoids (myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside) and 3 (quercetin-3-Ogalactopyranoside) from D. elliptica were the most active ones against the tumour cells. The same samples were tested to determine the inhibition of the release of nitric oxide (NO) and of the tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in murine macrophages by the Griess and ELISA sandwich assay, respectively. Almost all the samples showed inhibitory activity to the release of NO but not of TNF-α. Of all substances tested, flavonoids 2 (quercetin) and 6 (myricetin) may show promising activity in the treatment of murine breast cancer by immunomodulatory and antiproliferative activities.
2
Sørby, Lise Aagaard, Kristin Jonsdottir, Klaus Beiske, Peter Blom, Ida Rashida Khan Bukholm, and Morten Bj Jacobsen. "Cyclin A2 Protein Overexpression Is Not Caused by Gene Amplification in Colon Cancer." ISRN Pathology 2012 (August 29, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/691430.
Full textAbstract:
Increased expression of cyclin A2 protein has been detected in different types of cancers. However, its prognostic importance appears to differ between tumours. The significance and precise mechanisms behind cyclin A2 overexpression remain to be elucidated. We used real-time PCR to examine CCNA2 amplification in tumour cells isolated by laser microdissection and in total tumour tissue in colon cancer patients in which overexpression of cyclin A2 protein had been revealed by immunohistochemistry (n=22 patients). The results were verified by FISH. CCNA2 amplification was not detected in either the isolated tumour cells or the total tumour tissue. We verified our methods by demonstrating amplification of CCNA2 by real-time PCR in three out of eight breast tumours that overexpressed cyclin A2 protein (this frequency is consistent with the findings of others). However, FISH did not reveal any CCNA2 amplification in the breast tumours, but it did reveal polysomy of chromosome 4 or segments of chromosome 4 in three tumour tissue samples, indicating the importance of verifying the real-time PCR results with another method. To conclude, the increased cyclin A2 protein expression in these patients could not be explained by CCNA2 amplification in isolated colonic tumour cells.
3
Fuhr, Abreu, Carbone, El-Athman, Bianchi, Laukkanen, Mazzoccoli, and Relógio. "The Interplay between Colon Cancer Cells and Tumour-Associated Stromal Cells Impacts the Biological Clock and Enhances Malignant Phenotypes." Cancers 11, no. 7 (July 15, 2019): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11070988.
Full textAbstract:
Cancer cells interrelate with the bordering host microenvironment that encompasses the extracellular matrix and a nontumour cellular component comprising fibroblasts and immune-competent cells. The tumour microenvironment modulates cancer onset and progression, but the molecular factors managing this interaction are not fully understood. Malignant transformation of a benign tumour is among the first crucial events in colorectal carcinogenesis. The role of tumour stroma fibroblasts is well-described in cancer, but less well-characterized in benign tumours. In the current work we utilized fibroblasts isolated from tubulovillous adenoma, which has high risk for malignant transformation, to study the interaction between benign tumour stroma and the circadian clock machinery. We explored the role of the biological clock in this interplay taking advantage of an experimental model, represented by the co-culture of colon cancer cells with normal fibroblasts or tumour-associated fibroblasts, isolated from human colorectal tumour specimens. When co-cultured with tumour-associated fibroblasts, colon cancer cells showed alterations in their circadian and metabolic parameters, with decreased apoptosis, increased colon cancer cell viability, and increased resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. In conclusion, the interactions among colon cancer cells and tumour-associated fibroblasts affect the molecular clockwork and seem to aggravate malignant cell phenotypes, suggesting a detrimental effect of this interplay on cancer dynamics.
4
Lenzen, S., G. Klöppel, S. Zielmann, and U. Panten. "Secretory, enzymatic, and morphological characterization of rat pancreatic endocrine tumours induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide." Acta Endocrinologica 109, no. 3 (July 1985): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1090361.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Rat pancreatic endocrine tumours were induced by administration of streptozotocin plus nicotinamide. Fifteen to eighteen months later tumours with wet weights of 0.1 to 224 mg were isolated. These tumours were compared with normal rat pancreatic islets. Insulin release from perifused tumours was stimulated by d-glucose, l-leucine, 2-ketoisocaproate, and d-glyceraldehyde, potentiated by theophylline and inhibited by norepinephrine. Compared with isolated rat pancreatic islets, however, insulin secretory responsiveness to glucose stimulation and insulin content were reduced in tumour tissue. Hypoglycaemia in tumour bearing rats and impaired diffusion of insulin out of the tumours may explain this difference. The pattern of enzyme activities observed in tumour tissue was typical for pancreatic endocrine tissue. The activities of succinate dehydrogenase, the two types of the monoamine oxidase, and α-glucosidase were in the normal range in tumour tissue. Only the activities of 5'nucleotidase and glutamate dehydrogenase were decreased. Immunocytochemical analysis of the tumours revealed that they contained an average of 91% B-cells. In addition 8% of D-cells were encountered. Proportions of A-cells and PP-cells ranged below 1%. Thus this endocrine tumour of the pancreas with a high proportion of functionally intact B-cells is an interesting model for studying regulation of secretion and endocrine tumour development.
5
Rodin, William Carl Ivar, Patrik Sundström, Filip Ahlmanner, Elinor Bexe Lindskog, and Marianne Quiding Järbrink. "Potent anti-tumor effector functions in tumor-infiltrating MAIT and γδ T cells isolated from colon cancer patients." Journal of Immunology 202, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2019): 138.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.138.13.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In colon cancer, tumor progression and patient outcome is affected by the cytokine balance in the tumors. IFNγ, TNFα and Granzyme B expression are associated with favorable patient outcome, while high IL-17 expression is associated with accelerated tumor progression. However, knowledge of the regulation and activation of unconventional T cell subsets in colon tumors is limited. The aim of this study was to characterize unconventional T cells in colon tumors and unaffected tissue, determine their capacity to produce cytokines affecting tumor progression as well as the In vitro cytotoxic capabilities of MAIT and γδ T cells. Using flow cytometry, we show that MAIT cells accumulate in colon tumors and that the frequencies of γδ T cells are reduced in the tumor epithelium. Using polyclonal stimulation, we show that IFNγ production by tumour infiltrating MAIT cells is impaired whilst tumour infiltrating γδ T have an increased expression of IFNγ, TNFα and Granzyme B. IL-17 expression was also elevated in tumour infiltrating γδ T cells, but at lower levels than the TH1 - associated cytokines. Tumor infiltrating MAIT cells had an exhausted (PD-1highTim-3+) phenotype compared to MAIT cells from unaffected tissue. Analyzing cytokine expression, we show that while no single molecule is lost the polyfunctional capacity of tumour infiltrating MAIT cells is decreased compared to MAIT cells from unaffected tissue. Altogether, this study shows that γδ T cells and MAIT cells contribute to the cytokine balance in colon tumors with a TH1 – dominated profile and that they have potent cytotoxic capacity, which may reduce tumor progression and improve patient outcome.
6
Schilling, David, Tilman Todenhöfer, Jörg Hennenlotter, Christian Schwentner, Tanja Fehm, and Arnulf Stenzl. "Isolated, disseminated and circulating tumour cells in prostate cancer." Nature Reviews Urology 9, no. 8 (July 10, 2012): 448–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2012.136.
Full text
7
Joseph, Soniamol, Baby Sabulal, Varughese George, Kuttikkadan Antony, and Kainoor Janardhanan. "Antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of polysaccharides isolated from Ganoderma lucidum." Acta Pharmaceutica 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10007-011-0030-6.
Full textAbstract:
Antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of polysaccharides isolated fromGanoderma lucidumIn this study, polysaccharides were isolated fromGanoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae)and their antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated usingin vivomodels. Potential antitumor activity was shown byG. lucidumpolysaccharides (GLP) against solid tumor induced by Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma cells. GLP at 100 mg kg-1body mass showed 80.8 and 77.6 % reduction in tumour volume and tumour mass, respectively, when administered 24 h after tumour implantation. Again, GLP at the same dose but when administered prior to tumour inoculation, showed 79.5 and 81.2 % inhibition of tumour volume and tumour mass, respectively. GLP showed significant dose-dependent activity in carrageenean-induced (acute) and formalin-induced (chronic) inflammation assays. At 100 mg kg-1, GLP exhibited 57.6 and 58.2 % inhibition in carrageenean-induced and formalin-induced assays, respectively.
8
Fossdal, Guri, Einar O. Vik-Mo, Cecilie Sandberg, Mercy Varghese, Mari Kaarbø, Emily Telmo, Iver A. Langmoen, and Wayne Murrell. "Aqp 9 and Brain Tumour Stem Cells." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/915176.
Full textAbstract:
Several studies have implicated the aquaporins (aqp) 1, 4, and 9 in the pathogenesis of malignant brain tumours, suggesting that they contribute to motility, invasiveness, and oedema formation and facilitate metabolism in tumour cells under hypoxic conditions. We have studied the expression of aqp1, 4, and 9 in biopsies from glioblastomas, isolated tumour stem cells grown in a tumoursphere assay and analyzed the progenitor and differentiated cells from these cultures. We have compared these to the situation in normal rat brain, its stem cells, and differentiated cells derived thereof. In short, qPCR in tumour tissue showed presence of aqp1, 4, and 9. In the tumour progenitor population, aqp9 was markedly more highly expressed, whilst in tumour-derived differentiated cells, aqp4 was downregulated. However, immunostaining did not reveal increased protein expression of aqp9 in the tumourspheres containing progenitor cells; in contrast, its expression (both mRNA and protein) was high in differentiated cultures. We, therefore, propose that aquaporin 9 may have a central role in the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma.
9
Tavares, A., X. Wen, J. Maciel, F. Carneiro, and M. Dinis-Ribeiro. "Occult Tumour Cells in Lymph Nodes from Gastric Cancer Patients: Should Isolated Tumour Cells Also Be Considered?" Annals of Surgical Oncology 27, no. 11 (May 4, 2020): 4204–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1245/s10434-020-08524-4.
Full text
10
Zerlauth, G., J. Wesierska-Gadek, and G. Sauermann. "Fibronectin observed in the nuclear matrix of HeLa tumour cells." Journal of Cell Science 89, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.89.3.415.
Full textAbstract:
We have investigated the intracellular distribution of insoluble fibronectin in HeLa tumour cells. By indirect immunofluorescence microscopy fibronectin was detected in the nuclear region, but not in the region of the cell surface. Isolated nuclei and isolated nuclear matrices also stained for fibronectin. By quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fibronectin was found almost exclusively in the subcellular fraction of isolated nuclear matrices. Using immunoblotting techniques fibronectin was detected in nuclear matrices isolated from cells grown in standard and in fibronectin-depleted medium. The data demonstrate that fibronectin in HeLa tumour cells is preferentially associated with the nuclear matrix.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Isolated tumour cells"
1
Maxwell, Erick N. "Ultra-wideband electronics, design methods, algorithms, and systems for dielectric spectroscopy of isolated B16 tumor cells in liquid medium." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002172.
Full text
2
Fatima, Zainab, Haroon Rahman, Sonia Kumari Oad, Elnora Spradling, and Devapiran Jaishankar. "Lymphoma at First Sight: A Rare Case of Mantle Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Isolated Periorbital Swelling." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2020/presentations/26.
Full textAbstract:
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) represents a heterogenous subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which can present in three distinct clinicopathologic variants: indolent type MCL, classic type MCL and blastoid type MCL. Despite the different variations, MCL, in general, is almost always associated with advanced-stage disease at diagnosis, with a strong predilection for significant extranodal involvement, usually to the bone marrow, CNS, peripheral blood and the gastrointestinal tract. However, the literature review reveals ocular involvement is a more rarely described extranodal site of involvement by MCL. Among the reported cases, the orbit was most commonly involved, followed by the eyelid and the lacrimal gland.
We report a 63-year-old male who presented with a nine-month history of progressive symptoms of periorbital swelling and eyelid apraxia, causing bilateral visual disturbances. The patient was initially treated for presumed blepharospasm by his ophthalmologist with botulinum toxin injections; however, his periorbital edema continued to worsen, and he developed a discrete nodule in his right lower eyelid. Biopsy of the right eyelid nodule revealed classic type MCL with immunohistochemical testing positive for CD20, CD5, cyclin D1, SOX11 and Ki67 proliferative index of 40%. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis detected (11;14) translocation. Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index Combined Biologic Index (MIPIb) score was calculated to be 6.5 points based on his age, ECOG performance status of 0-1, normal serum LDH, normal white blood cell count and elevated Ki67 proliferative index, stratifying patient into the high-risk group, with an estimated median overall survival of 37 months. Due to the bulky MCL involvement in the palpebral conjunctiva affecting his vision and eyelid function, he was immediately treated with radiation therapy to the bilateral orbits. PET-CT revealed adenopathy above and below the diaphragm. Bone marrow biopsy revealed focal involvement (5-10%) by MCL. Brain MRI revealed MCL infiltration in the bilateral orbits and lacrimal glands. Upper and lower endoscopy revealed multiple polyps positive for MCL. Given the advanced stage of the disease and his high-risk stratification, he was started on intensive induction chemotherapy with rituximab, dexamethasone, cytarabine, and carboplatin and received prophylactic intrathecal methotrexate. Systemic imaging after completion of four cycles of treatment revealed near resolution of the majority of the lymphadenopathy and all of the lymph nodes no longer demonstrated any significant metabolic activity. He completed two additional cycles of systemic chemotherapy and is currently being evaluated for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in complete remission-1 given his excellent response to treatment, his young age, high-risk disease at diagnosis, and good performance status.
Despite the diffuse and extensive systemic disease, interestingly, our patient did not exhibit any constitutional or metastasis-associated symptoms and only presented with isolated periorbital swelling. Our case emphasizes the rare extranodal site of involvement by MCL and encourages all medical providers to remain cognizant of the varying ways in which MCL can present clinically.
3
Silva, Maria Gabriela Ferreira da. "Characterization of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) isolated on a microfluidic chip." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/129980.
Full text
4
Silva, Maria Gabriela Ferreira da. "Characterization of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) isolated on a microfluidic chip." Dissertação, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/129980.
Full text
5
Thompson, Sarah Kathryn. "Isolated tumour cells in oesophageal cancer: applying the sentinel lymph node concept." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69777.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUCTION: Accurate staging of oesophageal cancer is critical in predicting prognosis and tailoring therapy. However, the current TNM based staging system is suboptimal because it combines patients with very different outcomes into each disease stage. Our aims are to identify pathological factors or molecular markers that can significantly improve the accuracy of the oesophageal cancer staging system by both a retrospective database review as well as detailed analysis of oesophageal cancer specimens. The benefit of incorporating sentinel lymph node biopsy with oesophageal resection will also be determined.
METHODS: 240 patients (mean age, 62 yrs) were identified from an Oesophageal Cancer database between 1997 and 2007. We re-examined all pathology slides from the original resection to identify significant prognostic factors, and to determine suitable paraffin blocks for the remaining parts of the study. Tissue microarrays were constructed from 89 paraffin blocks for HER2 gene amplification by silver-enhanced in situ
hybridization (SISH). Incidence of HER2 positivity, and correlation to clinicopathological variables were determined. Of the original 240 patients, we identified 119 patients who were classified as node-negative. Additional sections with immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were performed on the relevant paraffin blocks. The yield of occult tumour deposits was determined along with their prognostic significance. Thirty-one consecutive oesophageal cancer patients underwent resection and sentinel lymph node retrieval. Endoscopic peritumoural injection of 99mTc antimony colloid was performed, and sentinel lymph nodes were identified and sent off separately for serial sections and IHC.
RESULTS: The 5-year overall survival rate was 36% (median, 24 months). Only histological grade and refined nodal status were found to be independent prognostic factors. True HER2 gene amplification was detected in 14 (16%) oesophageal cancer
specimens. No significant associations were found among gene amplification, clinicopathological factors, or survival. Of 119 node negative patients, 31 patients (26%) were found to have occult tumour deposits with serial sections and IHC. Five-year survival rates were 60% for patients who remained node-negative, 33% for patients with isolated tumor cells, 40% for patients with micrometastases, and 0 for the patient with a metastasis (P=0.02). At least one sentinel lymph node (median, 3) was identified in 29 of 31 patients (success rate, 94%). In 28 of 29 patients, the sentinel lymph node accurately predicted findings in non-sentinel nodes (accuracy, 96%).
CONCLUSIONS: A staging model in oesophageal cancer which incorporates refined nodal status and histological grade appears to be more accurate than the current TNM staging system. While molecular targeting may be possible for approximately 16% of oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients, HER2 oncogene amplification was not associated with any affect on survival in this study. Almost one third of all node negative patients had occult tumour deposits in their nodes that were missed on their original pathology. Surprisingly, even those with isolated tumour cells had a signficiantly worse prognosis than those without. Sentinel lymph node biopsy seems to be feasible and accurate in predicting overall nodal status. It improves staging accuracy and should therefore become standard of care in the surgical treatment of patients with oesophageal cancer.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2011
6
Huang, Hung-Tse, and 黃宏澤. "The Anti-Tumor Activity Anginst U-937 Cells and Other Characteristics of Lectin Isolated from Pleurotus citrinopileatus Sing." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53704971359240880855.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄海洋科技大學
水產食品科學研究所
95
Lectins, the carbohydrate glycosylated with peptides or proteins, can bind to other glycans attached to glycoproteins, glycolipids, or polysaccharides with high affinity. Lectins can also bind to the erythrocytes, normal or transformed cell, to cause agglutination. The lectins exist widely in nature, such as in plant, vertebrate and invertebrate. This study is focus to the isolation, characterization of anti-tumor activity by Pleurotus citrinopileatus sing. lectin. The Pleurotus citrinopileatus sing. fruit body was homogenized with distilled water, the crude lectin extract was fractionated at 35-70% saturation of ammonium sulfate, then separated by DEAE-Sepharose anion exchange chromatography, Sephacryl S-200 gel permeation chromatography, electrophoresis and electroelution. After examined the agglutinin reaction with human normal A, B, AB, O type erythrocytes, the results showed that the Pleurotus citrinopileatus sing. lectin exert specifity to O type erythrocytes of human. The molecular weight of Pleurotus citrinopileatus sing. lectin was about 215.7 kDa, which was determined by gel filtration. There were not any effects of some sugars and bivalent cation on the agglutination activity of Pleurotus citrinopileatus sing. lectin. Our studies showed that the Pleurotus citrinopileatus sing. lectin exerted the cytotoxic effect on human tumor cells but not on normal human PBMNCs. By analysis of DNA content using PI and DNA fragmentation in U937 and HL-60 cells, it demonstrated that the Pleurotus citrinopileatus sing. lectin have cytotoxic effect on the leukemia cells by inducing apoptosis.
7
Li, Jia-Wei, and 李嘉偉. "The Anti-tumor mechanism of bioactive components isolated from Taiwanofungus camphoratus fruiting body on Human Prostate Cancer Cells." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53900125918613763227.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立東華大學
生命科學系
99
The prostate cancer is one of the most common diseases for men and it becomes seriously with the age. In Asian area, the percentage and the death rate of the prostate cancer is increasing year by year for recent years. Taiwanofungus camphorates,also known as Antrodia camphorate (AC), is a kind of medical fungus only found in Taiwan. A lot of previous studies also confirmed that AC can be used for anticancer. According to studies that showed the extracts of AC fruiting body can make tumors be controlled or perished, but it’s effects for the prostate cancer cells were not fully understood. In this study, AC ethanol crude extracts (ACCE) and AC Column Chromatography extracts that named CFK4 and CFK6 were used to investigate that if AC fruiting body can make the prostate cancer cells, LNCaP and PC-3, be controlled. In this study, MTT assay showed that the cell survival rate decreased depending on the increase of dose, with ACCE、CFK4 and CFK6 were investigated on 24hr incubation. Both two tested prostate cancer were more sensitive to CFK6. This study showed that the IC50 of LNCaP and PC-3 were 10.57 μg/ml and 5.42 μg/ml. The results also showed that cellular morphological changes and cell shrinkage and the turn over of the Phosphatidylserine ( PS ) of Cell membrane when the disposal time of CFK6 was increased. By using PI staining, the data showed that the SubG1 of cell cycle was increased in prostate cancer cell, LNCaP and PC-3, treated by CFK6. DNA fragmentation analysis also confirmed that CFK6 could cause a apoptosis effect for both cell lines. According to the above experiment results, CFK6 made the two prostate cancer cell lines move toward apoptosis. Finally the assay about caspase activity and Western blot showed that LNCaP and PC-3 cells treated by increasing CFK6 could up regulate caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and the Bax ,but down regulate in Bcl-2 protein expression and caspase-7 was not changed. With the increasing concentration of CFK6, p53 protein in LNCaP and PC-3 also increased. Collectively, we showed CFK6 induced apoptosis through the regulation of FasL, p53, caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, and the mitochondria pathway : Bax/Bcl-2 and cytochrome-c.
8
Kao, Ju Wen, and 高汝汶. "Investigation of Anti-Tumor Activity and Molecular Mechanism of 5β, 19-epoxycucurbita-6, 23 (E)-diene-3β, 19 (R), 25-triol Isolated from Momordica charantia on Hepatoma Cells." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7h4d8r.
Full textAbstract:
碩士美和科技大學
生技科技系健康產業碩士班
103
Momordica charantia, an edible fruit cultivated in the tropics known as bitter melon, has riveted scientists’ attention for its diverse biological functions. 5β, 19-epoxycucurbita-6, 23 (E)-diene-3β, 19 (R), 25-triol (ECDT), an active constituent isolated from Momordica charantia was discovered to be effective in its cytotoxicity through apoptosis-inducing pathways on HA22T (human hepatocellular carcinoma cells). To identify the inhibition activity of ECDT on the growth of HA22T cells, cell viability assay (MTT), colony forming cell assessment and wound healing assay were implemented in the beginning of the research. The following supported assessments such as TUNEL/4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining for determining DNA breakdown within cells, Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (PI) staining for marking cell apoptotic stages analyzed by flow cytometry, and JC-1 dye for recognizing the mitochondrial membrane potential change were incorporated to solidify the evidence of the cytotoxicity of ECDT on the growth of HA22T cells. As the results revealed, the repressive ability of ECDT on the viability, colony formation and migration of HA22T cells was positively correlated to the intensity of the concentration of ECDT used and the duration of interaction time. The activation of both early and late apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometer analysis that elucidated the triggering and the developing of apoptosis in cell death. The apoptosis-inducing effect of ECDT on HA22T was further confirmed through the observation of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and in proteins balance within cells. A noticeable loss of ΔΨm as the result shown indicated the onset of apoptosis and so as the subsequent domino effect of proteins interplaying during cell apoptosis. The molecular mechanism of cells undergoing apoptosis was expressed through Western Blotting technique. The demonstration of the up-regulated expression levels of Bax and Bad proteins in conjunction with the down-regulated expression levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Mcl-1 proteins messages a deterioration in mitochondria followed by a release of cytochrome c. In addition to the alternations in Bcl-2 family that lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis also manifested in the scenario of the caspase signaling pathway that was played by the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. Furthermore, the upstream of apoptosis that transduced the apoptotic signals from the cell membrane to mitochondria in response to ECDT was observed from the increased expression levels in phosphorylated p38 and JNK. The MAPK pathway induced by ECDT was verified as the cell proliferation rate was significantly enhanced by blocking the JNK and p38 pathway with the specific inhibitor of SP600125 and SB203580 respectively. These valuable findings suggesting the potential anti-tumor activity of ECDT on HA22T through triggering the mitochondria- and caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway as well as the activation of the p38 and JNK pathway would serve as a meaningful and hopeful seed for advanced researches to transform it into a novel pharmaceutical drug that benefits profoundly in clinical therapy.
9
Kocián, Roman. "Význam biopsie sentinelové uzliny v léčbě pacientek s časným stádiem karcinomu děložního hrdla." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-447348.
Full textAbstract:
The sentinel lymph node biopsy is part of recommended surgical staging guidelines in patients with early stages of cervical cancer. High success rates of bilateral detection of SLN are achieved in sites with adequate experience with this procedure. The sentinel lymph node biopsy without systematic pelvic lymph node dissection is currently considered inadequate procedure for stages IB to IIA of the disease. One of the benefits of sentinel lymph node detection is extensive histopathological examination using the ultrastaging protocol enabling detection of small metastases (i.e. micrometastases). At the moment, there is lack of evidence about oncological safety of sentinel lymph node biopsy which might replace systematic lymph node dissection in the future. Prognostic significance of micrometastases is also controversial due to the lack of data about their potential presence in non-sentinel lymph nodes in cases with negative sentinel lymph nodes. This dissertation deals with the concept of sentinel lymph node biopsy in the cervical cancer and focuses on several topics. We have shown that the presence of micrometastasis is associated with significant negative impact on patients' prognosis on the largest retrospective cohort of patients ever published. Only 67% of patients with micrometastasis have...
Books on the topic "Isolated tumour cells"
1
Verma, Raman, and Sarah Deacon. Lung cancer (including management of an isolated lung lesion). Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0141.
Full textAbstract:
Lung cancer is the second most common type of cancer in the UK. It is termed ‘primary’ if it originates in the lungs. and ‘secondary’ if it manifests elsewhere in the body but then spreads to the lungs. The main types of primary lung cancer are small cell lung carcinoma and non-small cell lung carcinoma. Bronchial carcinoids account for up to 5% of lung cancer. These are generally small when diagnosed and occur most commonly in people under 40 years of age. Unrelated to cigarette smoking, carcinoid tumours can metastasize and a small proportion of these tumours secrete hormone-like substances that may cause specific symptoms related to the hormone being produced. Carcinoids generally grow and spread more slowly than bronchogenic cancers, and many are detected early enough to be amenable to surgical resection. Mesothelioma is a rare type of cancer that affects the pleura.
Book chapters on the topic "Isolated tumour cells"
1
Xiao, Ying, Jay E. Reiff, Timothy Holmes, Timothy Holmes, Hebert Alberto Vargas, Oguz Akin, Hedvig Hricak, et al. "Isolated Tumor Cells." In Encyclopedia of Radiation Oncology, 398. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85516-3_1160.
Full text
2
Samir, Amany, Aya Aly El Khodiry, and Hend M. ElTayebi. "From Whole Blood to Isolated Pro-Metastasis Immune Cells: An Ex Vivo Approach to Isolate and Manipulate Immune Cells Contributing to Tumor Metastasis." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 209–18. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1350-4_15.
Full text
3
Marsden, Carolyn G., Mary Jo Wright, Radhika Pochampally, and Brian G. Rowan. "Breast Tumor-Initiating Cells Isolated from Patient Core Biopsies for Study of Hormone Action." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 363–75. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-378-7_23.
Full text
4
Freyer, James P. "Rates of Oxygen Consumption for Proliferating and Quiescent Cells Isolated from Multicellular Tumor Spheroids." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 335–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2468-7_44.
Full text
5
Thiry, Marc, and Dominique Ploton. "Isolation of Nucleoli from Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells and Dynamics of Nascent RNA within Isolated Nucleoli." In The Nucleus, 111–21. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-406-3_8.
Full text
6
Salvagno, Camilla, and Karin E. de Visser. "Purification of Immune Cell Populations from Freshly Isolated Murine Tumors and Organs by Consecutive Magnetic Cell Sorting and Multi-parameter Flow Cytometry-Based Sorting." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 125–35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3801-8_10.
Full text
7
Toumpanakis, Christos, and Martyn Caplin. "Gastrinoma." In Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 908–13. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.0634.
Full textAbstract:
Gastrin is a gastrointestinal hormone, produced predominantly by the G cells of the gastric antrum and duodenum, although small amounts of gastrin have been isolated in the pituitary and some vagal nerve fibres. The biologically active forms of gastrin include carboxy-amidated gastrin-17 and carboxy-amidated gastrin-34, which bind mainly to the cholecystokinin (CCK)-2 receptor. The main role of amidated gastrin is the stimulation of gastric acid secretion by regulation of histamine release from the gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, while it may also have a trophic effect on gastric mucosa. There is evidence that the precursor forms of gastrin, such as progastrin and glycine-extended gastrin, are also of biological importance, binding to a separate CCK-C receptor. These precursor may induce cellular and tumour growth and they are implicated in several cancers, such as colon and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Gastrinomas represent a group of functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, characterized by autonomous release of gastrin by the tumour cells, which results in symptoms not only due to the tumour growth per se, but also to gastric acid hypersecretion. In 1955, at the annual meeting of American Surgical Association, Robert M. Zollinger and Edwin H. Ellison presented a study entitled Primary Peptic Ulcerations of the Jejunum Associated with Islet Cell Tumour of the Pancreas. They proposed a new clinical syndrome of: (1) ulceration in unusual locations in the upper gastrointestinal tract or recurrent ulcerations; (2) gastric acid hyperseretion; and (3) non-β islet cell tumours of the pancreas. However, the potent gastric secretagogue for the Zollinger–Ellison syndrome was not identified until 1960, when Rodney Gregory and Hilda Tracy of the University of Liverpool discovered that the extract from the pancreas of a patient with Zollinger–Ellison syndrome was the hormone gastrin. Thus, these pancreatic tumours were termed ‘gastrinomas’.
8
Abrahamyan, Silva, and Karina Galoian. "Diverse Effects of Hypothalamic Proline-Rich Peptide (PRP-1) on Cell Death in Neurodegenerative and Cancer Diseases." In Cell Death and Disease [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108632.
Full textAbstract:
The proline-rich peptide (PRP-1) isolated from neurosecretory granules of the bovine neurohypophysis, produced by N.supraopticus and N.paraventricularis, has many potentially beneficial biological effects. PRP-1 has been shown to have the opposite effects on cell death in neurodegenerative and cancer diseases. It significantly reduces staurosporine-induced apoptosis of postnatal hippocampal cells, as well as doxorubicin-induced apoptosis of bone marrow monocytes and granulocytes, in both time- and dose-dependent manner. PRP-1 also exerts the opposite effect on the proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells obtained from normal humans and on the stromal cells isolated from human giant-cell tumor. PRP-1 cytostatically inhibits chondrosarcoma bulk tumor but exerts drastic cytotoxic effect on sarcomas cancer stem cells. The same peptide caused cell death through apoptosis in rats with Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma model.
9
Brierley, Charlotte K., and David P. Steensma. "Myelodysplastic syndromes." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Chris Hatton and Deborah Hay, 5197–205. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0514.
Full textAbstract:
The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are marrow failure syndromes characterized by cytopenias, blood cell dysmorphology, acquired clonal cytogenetic and molecular genetic mutations, and a risk of development of acute myeloid leukaemia. MDS may evolve in patients previously treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiotherapy for a solid tumour, but most commonly arise de novo in patients over 60 years old. Most patients present with features of chronic anaemia or manifestations related to thrombocytopenia or infection. The diagnosis may be suggested by the presence of normocytic or macrocytic anaemia, with the peripheral blood smear showing dysplastic changes in red blood cells or neutrophils. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy permits detailed cytogenetic study, which is critical for diagnostic classification and prognosis. Increasingly, molecular genetic assays (next-generation sequencing panels) aid in diagnosis and prognosis. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification recognizes various MDS subtypes based on the morphological appearance of the peripheral blood and bone marrow. These include MDS with excess blasts, MDS with deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5, and MDS with ring sideroblasts. Treatment is symptomatic in most cases. The only potentially curative treatment is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, which is often precluded due to patients’ advanced age or comorbidity. Higher-risk patients may experience a survival benefit from treatment with the DNA hypomethylating agent azacitidine, and decitabine delays disease progression to acute myeloid leukaemia. Some patients with lower-risk disease may show a response to immunosuppression with antithymocyte globulin and ciclosporin. Patients with isolated chromosome 5q deletions and lower-risk disease may respond dramatically to lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug.
10
Sethi Chopra, Dimple. "Radiolabelled Nanoparticles for Brain Targeting." In Medical Isotopes. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92668.
Full textAbstract:
Tumors like glioblastoma are inaccessible due to blood brain barrier. The permeability of radioisotopes can be improved by conjugating them with nanoparticles. The most common malignant adult brain tumor is glioblastoma, which has very poor patient prognosis. The mean survival for highly proliferative glioblastoma is only 10–14 months despite an aggressive radiotherapy and chemotherapy following debulking surgery. β− particle emitters like 131I, 90Y, 186/188Re, and 177Lu have been coupled with nanoparticles and used for treatment of glioblastoma. These radiopharmaceutical compounds have resulted in a stabilization and improvement of the neurological status with minimal side effects. Similarly, α particle emitters like 213Bi, 211At, and 225Ac are an innovative and interesting alternative. Alpha particles deliver a high proportion of their energy inside the targeted cells within a few micrometers from the emission point versus several millimeters for β− particles. Thus, α particles are highly efficient in killing tumor cells with minimal irradiation of healthy tissues and permits targeting of isolated tumor cells. This has been confirmed by subsequent clinical trials which showed better therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects, thus opening a new and promising era for glioblastoma medical care using α therapy.
Conference papers on the topic "Isolated tumour cells"
1
Park, D., R. Kåresen, B. Naume, and T. Sauer. "Prognostic implications of isolated tumour cells and micrometastasis in lymph nodes in non-adjuvant treated breast cancer patients." In CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2008 Abstracts. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-205.
Full text
2
Msdcalf, R. L., E. K. O. Kruithof, and W.-D. Schleuning. "TRANSIENT INDUCTION OF PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 2 (PAI-2) GENE TRANSCRIPTION BY THE TUMOUR PROMOTING PHORBOL ESTER PMA IN THE HUMAN MACROPHAGE-LIKE CELT, LINE U-937." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642857.
Full textAbstract:
The human hematopoietic cell line U-937 differentiates to a macrophage/monocyte phenotype after exposure to the tumour promoter PMA. We have recently shown that PMA concomitantly induces PAI-2 biosynthesis in these cells. Now, we have employed an 1880 base pair cDNA to study PAI-2 biosynthesis on the level of transcription and mRNA stability. By in vitro elongation of initiated PAI-2 transcripts in isolated nuclei in the presence of 32p-labelled UTP followed by hybridization to cloned DNA (“run-on” transcription assay), we have demonstrated that PAI-2 gene transcription rates are induced 50-fold after exposure of the cells to PMA for 4 h in the presence of 5% fetal bovine serum. Transcription rates subsequently declined to base-line levels within 48 h. This transient increase of PAI-2 transcription rate was reflected by a transient induction of PAI-2 mRNA with maximal levels (60-fold) occuring after 16 h and subsiding to near base-levels after 48 h. Similar experiments performed in the absence of fetal bovine serum revealed that maximal levels of PAI-2 mRNA occured after only 4 hours exposure to PMA and were virtually absent after 16 h. Our results indicate that PMA induction of PAI-2 biosynthesis occurs at the level of gene transcription and is influenced by the presence of serum. Since PAI-2 is a major protein of U-937 cells, these date also suggest a role for hormonally modulated PAI-2 biosynthesis in macrophage physiology.
3
Celik, Emrah, Nicolas Rongione, Amelia Bahamonde, Zheng Ao, and Ram Datar. "Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells Using Stiffness-Based Filtration Platform." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53241.
Full textAbstract:
Analysis of isolated cancer cells in circulation is proven to help determine the success of the cancer treatment and understand the genetic signature of cancer disease. Scarcity of these cells in blood circulation (1–10 CTC in 1ml blood) however, makes the isolation process extremely challenging. Ever improving CTC isolation methods fall into two main categories: 1.Immunomagnetic separation based on antibody binding to tumor specific biomarkers expressed on the cell 2. Physical separation based on the size of the CTCs. Efficiency in cell isolation is still low in these techniques due to the variation in expression level of tumor specific antigens and tumor cell size. Therefore, tumor cell isolation strategies using new CTC biomarkers must be explored. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using mechanical stiffness difference in order to detect and isolate the circulating tumor cells from the blood cells. AFM nanindentation experiments revealed that cancer cells are significantly softer than the surrounding white blood cells and therefore, stiffness can be used as a biomarker for CTC isolation. In addition, finite element analysis simulations have shown that CTC isolation can be performed at high efficiency using stiffness-based isolation. Therefore, stiffness based isolation has a potential to achieve fast, label-free isolation of CTCs at high efficiency for clinical applications.
4
Arora, Rahul D. "Definition, etiopathogenesis, management and role of flouroquinolone prophylaxis in prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis complicating malignant ascites." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685345.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Malignancy related ascites encompasses multiple etiologies which include peritoneal carcinomatosis, hepatic synthetic dysfunction due to parenchymal involvement by the tumour, transcoeloemic metastasis and chylous ascites due to lymphatic obstruction. Primary Cancer type, liver metastasis and serum albumin have been listed as independent prognostic markers in malignant ascites. Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis is usually seen as a complication of decompensated chronic liver disease due to translocation of bacteria or haematogenous dissemination from a distant focus of infection. The combination of a positive peritoneal fluid culture and an ascitic fluid neutrophil count >250 cells/mm3 and no evidence of intra-abdominal source of infection; or 2) culture negative neutrocytic ascites: the combination of negative peritoneal fluid bacterial culture and neutrophil count >500 cells/mm3, without antibiotics within 7 days with no obvious source of infection are used to define spontaneous bacterialperitonitis. Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis has been proposed as a prophylaxis to reduce the incidence and prevent the recurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Materials and Methods: A web search of indexed literature was carried out articles containing information on spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in the setting of malignancy or malignancy related ascites or malignant ascites. Articles that carried relevant information about etiopathogenesis, management and translational research in the context of malignant ascites were also included. Results: A total of 32 articles were analysed and about half of them included in the discussion to answer the research question. Discussion: Inflammatory cytokines released by tumor and immune cells compromise the mesothelial cell layer that lines the peritoneal cavity, exposing the underlying extracellular matrix to which cancer cells readily attach leading to formation of spheroids which imparts resistance to anoikis, apoptosis and chemotherapeutics leading to efficient feed forward progressive cycle of seeding and growth of peritoneal metastasis. Intraperitoneal metastasis can cause peritoneal dysfunction, adhesions and malignant ascites. Epithelial mesenchymal transistion and myofibroblastic transformation occur in the mesothelial cells in response to pathological stimuli. Vascular endothelial growth factor is an important mitogen for endothelial cells and plays an important role in increasing capillary vascular permeability. In preclinical studies systemic administration of VEGF Trap which acts as a decoy receptor for VEGF has shown to decrease the formation of ascites fluid and prevent tumour dissemination. Epithelial ovarian cancer cells have developed various mechanisms to evade immune surveillance like development of surface microvesicles which contain CD 95 ligand leading to apoptosis of immune cells. Higher levels of osteoproteogerin, IL 10 and leptin in the ascitic fluid have been associated with a poor prognosis in malignant ascites. Tethered bowel sign and presence of fluid in the omental bursa on CT have been shown to distinguish between malignant ascites and Cirrhotic ascites with accuracy. Immunological approaches to management of malignant ascites include use of intraperitoneal triamcinolone, interferon, long acting synthetic corticosteroids and the trifoliate antibody catumaxomab. VEGF Inhihibitors like octreotide and long acting depot preparations of lanreotide have also been shown to be feasible therapeutic options. Anti androgenic agents and PARP inhibitors have also been proposed as management options. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in the setting of malignancy in the absence of hepatic dysfunction has been reported to have a poorer prognosis than SBP in the setting of decompensated liver disease. Monomicrobial and polymicrobial bacterascites have been proposed in the absence of an elevated neutrophil ascitic fluid count that does not meet the diagnostic criteria. Extensive liver metastasis where the diseased liver can be expected to behave like a cirrhotic liver and gastrointestinal bleeding (on the basis of an isolated case report) have been considered as risk factors for the development of SBP in malignant ascites. In a case series of 8 patients with malignancy related ascites Patients with total ascitic fluid concentration of less than 1 gm per litre were found to be at risk for Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and warrant flouroquinolone prophylaxis. Conclusion: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis complicating malignant ascites is questionable entity. Good quality Audits and Randomised control trials are warranted to in this domain to enable the definition of incidence, antecedent complications, management and prophylaxis to ensure applicability of translational research to the clinical domain.
5
Western, Laura T., Kuldeepsinh Rana, and Michael R. King. "Flow-Based Isolation and Neutralization of Circulating Tumor Cells." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2009-82137.
Full textAbstract:
Circulating tumor cells (CTC) have the potential to be used clinically as a diagnostic tool and a treatment tool in the field of oncology. As a diagnostic tool, CTC may be used to indicate the presence of a tumor before the tumor is large enough to cause noticeable symptoms. As a treatment tool, CTC isolated from patients may be used to test the efficacy of chemotherapy options to personalize patient treatment. One way for tumors to spread is through metastasis via the circulatory system. CTC are able to exploit the natural leukocyte recruitment process that is initially mediated by rolling on transient selectin bonds. Our capture devices take advantage of this naturally occurring recruitment step to isolate CTC from whole blood by flowing samples through selectin and antibody-coated microtubes. Whole blood was spiked with a known concentration of labeled cancer cells and then perfused through pre-coated microtubes. Microtubes were then rinsed to remove unbound cells and the number of labeled cells captured on the lumen was assessed. CTC were successfully captured from whole blood at a clinically relevant level on the order of 10 cells per mL. Combination tubes with selectin and antibody coated surface exhibited higher capture rate than tubes coated with selectin alone or antibody alone. Additionally, CTC capture was demonstrated with the KG1a hematopoietic cell line and the Du145 epithelial cell line. Thus, the in vivo process of selectin-mediated CTC recruitment to distant vessel walls can be used in vitro to target CTC to a tube lumen. The microtube device can also be used to capture CTC of hematopoietic and epithelial tumor origin and is demonstrated sensitivity down to the order of 10 CTC per mL. In a related study aimed at reducing the blood borne metastatic cancer load, we have shown that cells captured to a surface can be neutralized by a receptor-mediated biochemical signal (Rana et al. 2008). In the proposed method we have shown that using a combined selecting and TRAIL (TNF Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand or Apo 2L) functionalized surface we are able to kill about 30% of the captured cells in a short duration of 1 hour whereas it took about 4 hours to kill the same proportion of cells without flow on a similarly functionalized. Here we have taken the approach a step further by showing that with very small doses of chemotherapeutic agents like Bortezomib, we can increase the kill rate of CTCs., thus allowing the device to function in senarios where the patient is undergoing treatment. We show here with leukemic cells that are treated with Bortezomib that we are able kill about 41% of the captured cells.
6
Elliott, G. D., D. Fron, J. J. McGrath, C. Seip, and E. Crockett-Torabi. "Development of a Novel In Vivo Assay for Assessment of Tissue Viability: A Cryosurgery Application." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2238.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Our recent success with applying a novel Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) viability assay to isolated cells after freezing has suggested possible utility for assessing viability of cells within tissues, both in situ, and intravitally. The current work seeks to establish that following freezing, changes in the fluorescent intensity of tumors grown from GFP-transfected cells will correlate with tissue damage as assessed by histological methods, thereby evaluating the use of a transfection-based assay for in vivo purposes. GFP-fluorescing R3230AC tumors were grown inside implanted dorsal skin flap chambers, and treated cryosurgically after 6-9 days of growth. Fluorescent images of the tumors were acquired at the center of the viewing area before, during, and for 6 hours following freezing. Following the observation period the animal was immediately euthanized and the tissue within the chamber was fixed in formalin and stained for histological analysis. The results of intravital microscopy in a centrally located test area revealed a large reduction in fluorescent intensity within the tumor tissue immediately following the final freeze-thaw cycle, with little subsequent change during the subsequent 6 hour observation period. In H&E section significant damage was observed in the central test areas. Taken together, this evidence suggests that the GFP assay is not limited to isolated cells, but can serve as the basis for intravital assessment of viability.
7
Sheng, Weian, Tao Chen, Weihong Tan, and Hugh Fan. "Rapid Capture of Rare Cancer Cells Using a High-Performance Microfluidic Chip." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62952.
Full textAbstract:
Rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that detached from either a primary tumor or metastatic sites. CTCs circulate into bloodstream and become the origin of metastasis, the spread of cancer to distant organs, which is the primary cause of cancer-induced death. This paper describes our development of a microfluidic chip with unique micropillar geometry for rapid capture of CTCs from whole blood. The microscope-slide-sized microchip contains tens of thousands of isotropically-etched elliptical micropillars, which enhanced the interactions between cells and chip surfaces. The microchip was coated with DNA aptamer, an antibody-like molecule which can specifically bind with their target cells. With optimized channel geometry and flow rate, the microchip yielded a capture efficiency of >95% and a purity of >81% when capturing leukemia cells from a cell mixture. Then, the device was applied to capture colorectal tumor cells from whole blood; as few as 10 tumor cells can be efficiently isolated from 1 mL blood in 28 min. We envision that this high-performance microchip is promising for the detection, enrichment and isolation of rare CTCs, and will open up new opportunities for cancer diagnosis and monitoring cancer treatment.
8
Laug, Walter E. "HETEROGENOUS EXPRESSION OF PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR (PA) GENES IN THE HUMAN SARCOMA CELL LINE HT1080." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644395.
Full textAbstract:
Tumor cell derived PA activities are of crucial importance for tissue invasion and destruction by tumor cells. Therefore, we studied the expression of the PA genes in HT1080 cells using immunoenzymatic methods and specific PA gene probes.Immunenzymatic methods allowed only for the detection of urokinase like PA (u-PA) activities in HT1080 cells which was suppressed by treatment of the cells with dexamethasone (10-7 m). Despite the lack of u-PA activities, the cells still degraded extracellular tissue glycoproteins. Northern blot analysis with specific PA gene probe showed that HT1080 cells express both tissue type PA (t-PA) and u-PA. The enzymatic activities of t-PA were most likely masked by the simultaneous production of inhibitors of PA (PAI). Treatment of HT1080 cells with dexamethasone resulted in increased transcription of t-PA and decreased expression of the u-PA gene, explaining the unchanged tissue destruction by dexamethasone treated HT1080 cells.Cell clones secreting either large or small amounts of enzymatic PA activities were isolated from the parental HT1080 cell line using a fibrin agarose overlay technique.The expression of the u-PA gene was enhanced in high secreting PA clones compared to low secreting PA clones when analyzed on Northern blots. This heterogenous expression of the u-PA gene within the HT1080 cell line was confirmed by in situ hybridization with a specific u-PA gene probe.These findings demonstrate that PA gene expression can be missed with immunenzymatic methods due to simultaneous production of inhibitors of PA. In addition our results show that the expression of a given PA gene may be heterogenous on the cellular level within an established tumor cell line. These findings, therefore, suggest cellular variation of PA gene expression in tumor which may be of fundamental importance for tissue invasion and metastasis by cancer cells.
9
Irakleidis, Foivos, Michael Masucci, Eleftherios Sfakianakis, Peng H. Tan, and Hazel Welch. "MODIFIED SLOW DIGESTION TECHNIQUE FOR THE ISOLATION OF PATIENT-DERIVED CELLS: AN IN VITRO MODEL FOR THE DESIGN OF BREAST CANCER-ASSOCIATED STROMA." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2018.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Highly prevalent cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are understood to play a key role in tumorigenesis. Understanding of CAFs and tumor-associated stroma is considered to be essential in novel cancer therapies. Patient-derived cells (PDCs) more closely resemble tumor microenvironment compared with commercial cell lines that are subjected to genetic and phenotypic changes. However, PDCs use can be limited by challenges in isolating high-yield viable cultures. Overcoming these challenges would benefit novel personalized cancer research. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of modified tissue digestion processing techniques of isolation of PDCs. Methodology: PDCs were isolated from breast tissues collected from patients who had previously been diagnosed with breast cancer. Modification of slow and fast digestion processing techniques was used, followed by analysis for morphology and protein marker expression. Results: Isolated PDCs were presented with different morphologies and functions compared with breast cancer cell lines. Higher growth potential was observed with a combination of maintenance and filtered conditioned medium. High expression of Vimentin and morphological characteristics of spindle-shaped large cells confirmed the PDCs as fibroblasts. The modified slow digestion approach used in this study was successful in isolating fibroblasts from retrieved breast tissue. The fast digestion approach was not viable and was abandoned early due to poor production of cells. Conclusions: PDCs were isolated using a modified slow digestion approach. PDC cultures can more effectively represent breast cancer stroma and are becoming an essential platform for research as a personalized in vitro model for molecular breast cancer research. This study presents a highly successful method of isolating PDCs from breast cancer patients.
10
Tuszynski, George P., Vicki L. Rothman, Andrew Murphy, Katherine Siegler, Linda Smith, Sena Smith, Jerzy Karczewski, and Karen A. Knudsen. "Thranbospondin Promotes Cell-and Platelet-Substratum Adhesion." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643820.
Full textAbstract:
Thrombospondin (TSP), isolated from human platelets, promotes the in vitro, calcium-specific adhesion of a variety of cells, including platelets, melanoma cells, muscle cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells. The cell adhesion-promoting activity of TSP is species independent since human, bovine, pig, rat and mouse cells all adhered to TSP. Furthermore, the cell adhesion-promoting activity of TSP is specific and not due to a nonspecific protein effect or to contamination by fibronectin, vitronectin, or laminin. That is, neither bovine serum albumin nor TSP preparations treated with a monospecific anti-TSP antibody support cell adhesion. As analyzed by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and specific antibody binding assays, the TSP preparations used in these studies contained no detectable fibronectin or laminin and less than 0.04% vitronectin. The cell surface receptor for TSP appears distinct frcm that of fibronectin since an antiserum that blocks cell adhesion to fibronectin has no effect on adhesion to TSP. In addition, The platelet cell surface receptor for TSP appears distinct, frcm that of fibrinogen since thrcmbasthenic platelets adhere to TSP as well as control platelets. Antibodies to the GPIIb-GPIIIa complex block platelet adhesion to fibrinogen but have no effect on adhesion to TSP. Initial characterization of the cell surface receptor for TSP shows it to be protein in nature since cells treated with trypsin fail to adhere to TSP. In summary, our results provide the first clear evidence that TSP specifically promotes cell-substratum adhesion of a variety of cell types independent of the animal species. Our preliminary evidence suggests that the cell-surface receptor(s) for TSP is protein and that it is distinct for the receptor for fibronectin and fibrinogen. Our data suggest that TSP may play a central role in normal adhesive events mediated by platelets and other cells, such as those involved in hemostasis and wound healing. In addition, TSP may be involved in pathological adhesive events mediated by platelets and tumor cells, such as those involved in cardiovascular disease and tumor cell metastasis.
Reports on the topic "Isolated tumour cells"
1
Chung, Ivy. Molecular Mechanisms of Differential Effects of Calcitriol on Endothelial Cells Isolated from Prostate Tumor and Normal Microenvironment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada484065.
Full text
2
Kapulnik, Yoram, and Donald A. Phillips. Isoflavonoid Regulation of Root Bacteria. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7570561.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The overall objective of this project was to develop a conceptual framework for enhancing root colonization by beneficial bacteria. To accomplish this aim we tested the hypothesis that production and excretion of the plant phytoalexin medicarpin can be used for creation of a special niche along the legume roots, where beneficial microorganism, such as rhizobium, will have a selective advantage. On the Israeli side it was shown that higher medicarpin levels are exuded following the application of Rhizobium meliloti to the rhizosphere but the specific biochemical pathway governing medicarpin production was not induced significantly enough to support a constant production and excretion of this molecule to the rhizosphere. Furthermore, pathogenic bacteria and chemical elicitors were found to induce higher levels of this phytoalexin and it became important to test its natural abundance in field grown plants. On the US side, the occurrence of flavonoids and nucleosides in agricultural soils has been evaluated and biologically significant quantities of these molecules were identified. A more virulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain was isolated from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) which forms tumors on a wide range of plant species. This isolate contains genes that increase competitive colonization abilities on roots by reducing the accumulation of alfalfa isoflavonoids in the bacterial cells. Following gene tagging efforts the US lab found that mutation in the bacterial efflux pump operons of this isolate reduced its competitive abilities. This results support our original hypothesis that detoxification activity of isoflavenoids molecules, based on bacterial gene(s), is an important selection mechanism in the rhizosphere. In addition, we focused on biotin as a regulatory element in the rhizosphere to support growth of some rhizosphere microorganisms and designed a bacterial gene construct carrying the biotin-binding protein, streptavidin. Expressing this gene in tobacco roots did not affect the biotin level but its expression in alfalfa was lethal. In conclusion, the collaborative combination of basic and applied approaches toward the understanding of rhizosphere activity yielded new knowledge related to the colonization of roots by beneficial microorganisms in the presence of biological active molecules exuded from the plant roots.