Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Islam et société – France'
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Id, Yassine Rachid. "Islam et régionalisme européen : territoire, religion et identité en Catalogne française." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0018.
Full textIn contemporary Roussillon, Catalan, French and European identities crisscross and intermingle, marking their footprints on the same territory and in the ordinary life of the local population. The emergence of Muslim religiosity within a society structured around a regional identity, catalyses internal debates among European nation-states. Europe is redefined by local interactions whereby Muslims experience a still undecided Catalan acculturation. Through the articulation of qualitative (ethnography) and quantitative (questionnaire) methods, this new study provides abundant empirical material, drawing a fairly comprehensive portrait of Muslims in French Catalonia whose identity proves to be extraordinarily complex. Beyond any reification, the phenomenon of identity is here conceived as a flow, which is apprehended through a system modeling of the relationship between Islamity and Catalanity
En el Rosselló contemporània, les identitats català, francès i europeu es barregen i s’entrellacen, marcant les seves empremtes en mateix territori i en la vida quotidiana de la població local. El sorgiment de la religiositat musulmana en una societat estructurada entorn d'una identitat regional, s’illustra com un catalitzador per al debat intern als Estats-nació europeus. Europa s’ha redefinit per les interaccions a nivell local on els musulmans estan experimentant aculturació català encara no està decidit. A través de l’articulació dels mètodes qualitatius (etnografia) i quantitatius (qüestionari), aquest nou estudi proporciona una abundant material empíric, formant una imatge relativament completa dels musulmans de Catalunya francesa, la identitat resulta ser de gran complexitat. Més enllà de qualsevol essencialització, el fenomen de la identitat és concebuda com una flux aprehendido per mitjà d’un model sistèmic de la relació entre la islàmitat i la catalanitat
Langar, Samia. "L'évolution de l'Islam en France et ses répercussions dans l'école et la société : de la Marche pour l'égalité à l'affirmation des revendications identitaires et religieuses : une problématique de la reconnaissance : enquête théorique et empirique." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2045.
Full textFor about thirty years the claims of identity and religion develop in the French society and knock on the doors of the school. This research tries to understand the reasons and the challenges by crossing, in the framework of a problematic of the recognition borrowed from the philosophy of Axel Honneth, the theoretical inquiry and the empirical investigation. Its first component, based on the works in political science and sociology, examines the main phases of this process from the 1970s to the present day. The second part is devoted to a survey conducted in the field of the city of Vénissieux, through interviews within the school institution (teachers and officials) and with parents of Muslim families. Finally, the third part is devoted to some of the notions and philosophical concepts that are particularly questioned by this development of identity and religious claims : identity, universality, secularism
Kuczynski, Liliane. "Chemins d’Europe : les marabouts africains à Paris." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100159.
Full textThis research results from a fieldwork carried out in Paris and the suburbs with marabous from west-Africa and their clients. In the two first parts, the different roles played by these people in Maghreb and in west-Africa are being studied with a conceptual and diachronically prospective. It is demonstrated that there is not a single pattern of a marabou; this approach entails that the Parisian marabous cannot be leveled with it. The third part considers the coming into France of marabous in the context of the west-African immigration. Describing the permanent features and the diversity of individual itineraries, the study focusses on the location of marabous in the Parisian space, on the legal framework of migration and activities and on the attempts to "professionalization". The forth part deals with the marabous’ knowledge and know-how. Emphasizing the diversity of the pathways followed by marabous and the various and enriching opportunities given by the Parisian environment as well as the multiple individual adjustments which derive from it, the study examines current practice and how they are experienced by clients : divinatory techniques in order to identify the origins of the problems, the "work" properly speaking (the making of peace’s of writing or lotions given to clients, repeated prayers said by the marabou, sacrificial practices). The fifth part is centered on the relationship between marabous and their clients, from all sorts of background and origin. It analyses the different roles played by marabous in Paris and the way they try to construct their legitimacy
Sakho, Jimbira Mohamed. "Facebook, un espace d’expression et de visibilité religieuse : le cas de l’islam (2012-2014)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0253.
Full textSocial networks are an integral part of the lives of millions of French people, and Facebook is a privileged space for expression and representation of identity and community. Given the fact that many users who define themselves as French and Muslims create on this global social network pages, groups and profiles dedicated to Islam, we wanted to question, especially in a context where Islam regularly occupies the media agenda, the logics underlying their presence on this social network. Far from any normative consideration, the aim is to move the gaze towards the actors through the analysis of the way in which they are defined and consider their uses. More generally, our problem is part of a comprehensive framework to see how Facebook - as a sociotechnical device - succeeds in shifting the boundaries traditionally devoted to Muslim religious expressions in a secular country like France
Amokran, Legutowska Grazyna. "Le mariage islamo-chrétien en France : une approche anthropologique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978512.
Full textAit, M'Barek Abbes. "Islam et société : questions contemporaines et enjeux européens." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20068.
Full textSecularism should, intrinsically, be linked on one hand, to the Secularization of minds and attitudes, institutions and Governments, laws and law, and on the other hand, democratic pluralism and a State guarantee of freedoms and human rights. How does contemporary Islam face the separation of religion and politics? I set out through this research to put myself a little bit upstream of scholarly Islamic thought and fundamentalist doctrines, in relation with critical thinking and the stakes of modernity, secularism and secularization. Well beyond the contemporary reformist thinking, which apply to a rereading of Islam’s founding texts to reshape the jurisprudence in order to create a link between tradition and modern society, well beyond the emergence of the Sufi thought secularity, more oriented towards interior freedom, fraternity, accepting difference and love, also beyond the exegesis of the scriptural sources of Muslim orthodoxy, it’s necessary to go back in Islamic time in order to see how the Arab-Muslim heritage is examined to identify the authenticity or at least “the historiographically correct” in all stereotypes, caricatures and secular distortion : either by analyzing how some historians have interfered, without any inhibitions, in “writing and history” like Alfred-Louis de Prémare, so as to measure the gaps where you can find distortions because modernity, which means innovation or cumulative change self-generated, is determined by the historical initiative. Or by reviewing the position of some contemporary Muslim thinkers faced with the question about the foundations of Islam or the Quranic exegesis “al-nāsiḫ” and “al mansūḫ”, or finally by reelaborating the fiqh. Deconstruction will be previous, complete and external, or internal and partial, depending on whether one ruins or performs a simple analysis. The requirement of historicity and rationality is such as "however significant the sample of interpretations ancient or modern is, reference Koranic texts about the important issues found in today’s society, extremely repetitive from one author to another through the centuries, whether it be the dominant theological-legal Tradition, from which we extract the Koran comments", it requires a constant effort "in front of a formidable responsibility that requires thinking about life differently and make decisions despite of the undecidable by inventing new lights in political and technical conditions fully renewed ", to quote Marc Goldschmit in his definition of deconstruction
Būbrīk, Raḥāl. "Islam et société en Mauritanie : la confrérie Fadiliyya." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://books.openedition.org.ezproxy.upf.pf/editionscnrs/4028.
Full textBousselham, Malika. "L'identité culturelle algérienne, de la colonisation à l'indépendance. Entre réalités historiques et exigences politiques." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30072.
Full text“We don’t know if we are Arabs, Berbers or French” announced Abdelaziz Bouteflika president of Algerian republic.This study will be devoted to resolve some points about Algerian cultural identity. It is not in order to recall the history of Algerian but it is in order to demonstrate that Algeria has a very rich history; varied and prestigious. Certainly, Arabic and Islam are part of Algerian cultural identity; given that other elements unknown: The country has its own cultural and history dating back thousands of years before Islam. Many civilizations literally centuries are borne in Algeria and developed in such a way that it is very Important to know and to study.This responsibility must also be seen as an opportunity to contribute and belong to a larger community sharing overarching identity with a variety to meal components
Saady, Ouafaï. "Société et Islam dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Driss Chraïbi." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE2038.
Full textThis study is an analysis of islam and the moroccan society in the works of Driss Chraïbi. The author vigourously condemns both tradition and archaic customs which harden the moroccan society. He denounces the way women, children and the poor are treated. Through his novels. Driss Chraïbi calls out for a modern development of society and for the rights of the individuals. He denounces the hypocrisy and the sham rigorism of those who, holding the political and financial power, persecute the community under the cover of islam. He blames the wrong way chosen by islam, which at the beginning was animated by a pacific and brotherly faith, devoid of itjihad, and which gradually became a strict and intolerant religion, in favor of the taqlid. All these uncertainties lead to a sort of cultural schizophrenia for the one who has to face a double culture he is not able to control
Abdallaoui, Mohammed. "Religion et société dans l'islam d'aujourd'hui (les implications conceptuelles)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010676.
Full textThe fact that islam confirms the intimate ling between the spiritual and the temporal necessarily results, according to the islamists, in an overall vision of man and society. Following this stream, one can't analyse notions of social organization, of justice, of the econolic and social vision of islam without reference to the meaning of the world or the relation fo man to god. This is indicative of a radically different perception of islam in comparison to the modern trend (which is imitative of western thinking). The merit due to some islamist thinkers is that widened the debate to the philosophical field. Contrary to the modernists, they raised new issues and opened new avenues of exploration. It is within this view that the contemporary muslim thinking suggets, in order to define the attitude of islam facing materialism and idealism, the notion of equilibrium between matter and spirit, between temporal and spiritual. One must demonstrate how can a religion which develops an extraordinary feeling of devine transcendance, give importance to the relationships of man to society and man to the world
Gentilhomme, Rémy. "Démembrement de propriété et société civile." Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10013.
Full textJaillant, Alexandra. "Société mère et filiales : entre autonomie et immixtion." Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA122003.
Full textThe relationships between the principal company and her subsidiary companies raise some problems. Indeed, we oscillate between autonomy and interventionism without knowing the frontier that it shouldn't been exceeded. The interest of the subject deals with the paradox that exists between the autonomy principle of the subsidiary companies, the existence of companies group and the power of verification of the principal company. The interference by the principal company in the conduct of affairs of her subsidiary constitutes a violation of the autonomy principle, fundamental rule in company law. This search deals with the elaborate study of these different principles but also on the legal consequences which emerge. Consequently, the autonomy principle stays the corner stone of the affiliated company law. So, even if this principle knows some temperaments induced by the existence of the group, the interference results of another hypothesis. We are going to establish throughout our development that the interference represents one of the most ambiguous concepts of the company law. All the difficulty lies in the evaluation of the degree of the interference which involves his qualification
Kolly, Bérengère. "La sororité, une société sans société : modalités d'un être-politique." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010639.
Full textOverney, Sophie. "L'immigré, la société française et le droit." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOD011.
Full textDequidt, Marie-Agnès. "Temps et société : les horlogers parisiens (1750-1850)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST0014.
Full textBetween 1750 and 1850, Paris was a recognised international watch and clock-makingcentre. In a dynamic world, at a time of changing mentalities, the making of clocks and watchesoffers a snapshot of an activity transitioning from craft to industry. Watchmakers themselvesworked in the fields of mechanics and technical precision, the areas advancing Europedevelopment ahead of other continents. Studying time and watchmakers offers an important lensto understand the history of the late modern and early contemporary eras.The first part of the study introduces the men and women involved in the art ofwatchmaking. The 18th century hierarchy in the corporation foreshadows the difference betweenearly 19th-century owners and workers. Between the Old Regime and the July Monarchy,watchmakers’ organisations evolved but watchmakers perpetuate their actual precision work,although, as the quantities of clocks made in Paris decreased, clockmakers increasinglyparticipated in retailing. Through this close study, watchmakers’ role as businessmen, with theirsuccesses and failures, in their local and international business networks, is revealed.In the second part, emphasis is on the objects themselves, not just for their material orintrinsic value, but for what they reveal about their owners, across three themes: luxury watchesand clocks as social markers and export items; high accuracy clocks, connected to innovations;common watches and clocks and the widening range of buyers from all classes. The objects thenhelp us understand the importance of time measurement in the society and the perception of timeby clock owners from kings to popular classes
Beynel, Christian. "La Forêt et la société rurale de la montagne limousine." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0003.
Full textThe limousin mountain is a land of heath which in a few years has been turned into a booming forest area thanks to vast spaces of land given up by agriculture. The deciduous forest which is small is of mediocre quality. On the other end, the evergreen forest is taking advantage of the latest technology. It includes more and more highly productive conifers. The author has tried to study the consequences of this new source of wealth. New jobs related to the forest have been created, from planting to building cutting machines. The output of wood is higher and higher and has become a great asset to the industrialization of the small towns located around the mountain. Ussel is the home of two important triturating mills. Activities strongly tend to concentrate on a few locations so that the interior of the mountain may be turned into a no man's land. In the last part, the writer puts the stress on the connections between the forest and the other activities and he proposes to adjust the development of the area on forestry of high quality
Thémines, Jean-François. "Paysage et société : lieux, culture et enracinement au coeur du bocage normand." Caen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CAEN1060.
Full textThe sensitive and reasoned approach of the landscape makes it possible to reveal its functions, meanings and worth. From real places to imaginary horizons, from walking to the reading of archives, the landscape is looked upon, glanced at questioned and finally draw. Three approaches (industrial, domestic and local) are to be found in the last two centuries in the norman bocage ; the study each case and micro-scale are given greater importance, so as to save the utmost authenticity of human experiences in the places. The landscape of the bocage appears as the expression of a society and culture giving a greater importance to entrenchment. It also contributes to social reproduction, to the protection of the forbidden values, and to the own identification of this society
Guarraoui, Mohamed el Amine. "La sunna : droit, société et politique dans la doctrine réformiste (19ème - 20ème siècle)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020036.
Full textFrom the moment we accept that many decades passed between the death of the Prophet Muhammad and the collecting of the many different texts interpreting the Sunna, we must also accept that the gap between the two entities (the words and the acts of the Prophet and their reflection in the Scriptures) is not merely of a formai nature. However, the classical theological institutions have managed not only to minimize the consequences of this division and make this established corpus into the second source of jurisdiction in Islam, but also to build an impenetrable wall between the reader and everything that aliows him to raise legitimate and rational questions concerning the nature of the Sunna and its meaning, including its appearance and its collection. Our work suggests a historical reconsideration of the works of reformist scholars in terms of the Sunna compared with the other sources of Islamic orthodoxy, that is the Koran, the Ijma' and the Ijtihad. Firstly, a reconsideration of the gap that we mentioned, in order to try to evaluate its importance and implications. In this way we have shown that the reformist scholars had, for the first lime in history, overcome the tensions, contradictions, stagnation, clashes and protagonisms with a new critical approach to ail the foundations (usul) of Islamic thought, including the Koran and the Sunna. Acritique open to scientific thought towards new ways of intelligibility and appropriation of the real, in order to surmount all the taboos sanctified without legal ground. Secondly, this work enabled us to perceive the swift and brutal interruption in the work of the reformist scholars, who were a peaceful force of the one real « criticism of the Islamic mind » to leave some space to two forms of destructive « terrorism » -that of the state and that of the marginalized individual. Since then, can we still talk about the renaissance of another combat between the dogmatic theological mind and the supposed faithless and lawless « scientific » mind?
Sane, Mamadou Karfa. "Islam et société au Sénégal, approche sociologique d'une confrérie : le cas de la confrérie Tidjane." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3035.
Full textReligion, at the dawn of the 21st century is still, paradoxically, very much alive. Assuming different faces, in multiple and varied ways, Islam never stops spreading, arousing debate and provoking questions and concerns here and there. In Senegal Islam is extremely dynamic. Dominated by fraternities of unequal political, economic, social and religious dimensions, Islam is the dominant cultural element and the principal frame of reference, even though affected by its dogmatic purity. It permeates all walks of life and influences markers of identity, and the structuring and organisation of society. A society which is segmented into different ethnic groups and which is subordinate to their religious, political, social and cultural organisations. With Islamic associations and organisations, who militate for a pure form of Islam and challenge the secularisation of the State, the question of Islam is raised in Senegal. With arabisation, modernisation and the promotion of the arabo-islamic education system, much is at stake in a country where more credible French schools still hold the monopoly in the creation of markets of competence
Le, Bihan Jeanine Béatrice. "Ostréiculture et société ostréicole en Bretagne sud (1850-1986)." Lorient, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LORIL084.
Full textUntil the nineteenth century, oysters were gathered on the native shoals. But, because laws were not respected (molluscs mustn’t be gathered on night for example), the production collapsed. This situation became a problem for population who lived on the sea coast. This activity was important for most of them. That’s why Napoleon III asked scientists to find a solution. At the end of the nineteenth century, the capture of eggs on a curve tile, typically in the south of Brittany, is a reality. But, oyster breeding is breakable. Facing these problems, oyster farmers create trade unions, expand oyster’s production especially in the north of Brittany and in the bay of Quiberon (where they adjust a new technic) and create the first sanitary check. In 1982, because of the persistence of the diseases; they must go over into the culture of Portuguese oyster, then of the Japanese oyster
Vallée, Alain. "L' absentéisme et sa fonction dans la société." Rennes 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985REN20002.
Full textCerati-Gauthier, Adeline. "La société en redressement judiciaire et son associé : entre indépendance et influence." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX32021.
Full textThe purpose of the law relating to bankrutcy proceedings is to save the company, frequently to the detriment of its members or trading partners (creditors, employees). However, when the debtor is a company, the reorganisation of the company may not disreagrd the partners'rights. Company law continues to be applicable in spite of the commencement of court-ordered reorganisation or liquidation proceedings, unless provisions to the contrary are contained within tje law relating to bankrupcy proceedings. In virtue of the principle of the independence of the legal entity, court-ordered reorganisation or liquidation of the debtor company does not in principle affect its partners or shareholders. A partner who was a creditor or debtor will remain so following the judgment beginning proceedings. It is only the enforcement of his rights and obligations which will be affected in accordance with the specific rules of the law relating to bankruptcy proceedings. Furthermore, save some exceptions, the partner is not liable for the liabilities reorganisation of the debtor company. .
Grimaldi, Olivier. "Essai sur la distinction entre association et société commerciale." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX32049.
Full textDaniellou, Emmanuelle. "Les Enseignantes en Bretagne aux XVIIème et XVIIIème siècles : religion, éducation et société." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20019.
Full textAlthough women were rarely taught to read and write in Brittany under the Old Regime, the education of girls was not totally ignored, it was even an importat factor of the Catholic Reform. The development of monasteries in the 17th century particularly helped educational establishmets. The Ursulin nuns who settled in the province were quickly perceived as being the ideal religious teacher because of their special vocation, educating the poor in classes during the day, and even boarding young girls. In fact a large majority of religious congregations and orders usually offered free education and boarding for the very poor. During the Age of enlightenment and parallel to this strong religious model, gradually emerged a movemet of lay women teachers for the young. And also several no-cloistered congregations were started in the 18th century thus promoting education in the rural areas. Teaching under the Old Regime appeared generally like apostolic work more than just giving access to the skills of reading, writing and arithmetic. Moreover it seems that education, far from being an elitist school system, offered a wide variety of schools open to young people from every class of society. Under the Old Regime, the popular opinion about educating girls was very certainly a major obstacle in systematically reaching all the girls to give them an education and to teach them to read and write : the structures existed but the mentality kept the teachers from attaining their objectives. Actually education for girls was limited to the time allotted for religious instruction which proved much too short to acquire even a minimum of reading and writing skills
Salhi, Mohamed Brahim. "Société et religion en Kabylie : 1850-2000." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030132.
Full textThis research is concerned with the relationship between society and religion in Kabylia with reference to the tradional trend and the reformist movement. The study further explores the changes in the areas which fall under the sway of reformist movement. For example, we wanted to question issue of Kabyle éducation in the first half of 20th Century. In this repect, the first thirteen chapters have been extended to two others chapters. These two chapters highlith the political struggles and Identity protest in Kabylia and focus on the intellectual and cultural elites who led them in the period between 1940 and 2001. This additional part is tightly linked to the other chapters as it extends the bounds between local and global issues, involving the crisis of modernity and the effects of modernization, and last, the nature of relationship between individual and his own self. Beside, we wanted to raise and treat the issue of social and political mediations starting from the analyis of recent and recurring protests in Kabylia
Fouache, Valentine. "Etablissement public et société commerciale : Le devenir de l'établissement public industriel et commercial." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020086.
Full textBenaissa, Hicham. "Islam et capitalisme : sociologie des entrepreneurs musulmans en France." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP018.
Full textUnder the authority of Max Weber’s work, a broad social science literature has long held that Islam, within Muslim societies, had not fostered the emergence of the spirit of modern capitalism. In the same way that Max Weber has correlated, in part, the appearance of modern capitalism in the West with the ascetic behaviour of the Protestant Calvinist, Islam would be symmetrically the cause of this non-event in Muslim-majority societies. It is a hypothesis whose strength of demonstration has helped to establish the general theoretical framework by which religious phenomena continue to be understood in the modern world. However, it is a framework that resists the understanding of these vast emigration-immigration movements coming from traditional societies, mainly Muslim, towards European societies, highly differentiated and structured by the capitalist model. Indeed, are we not entitled to assume that, starting from this migratory event with its multifaceted impacts in the societies of departure (emigration) and arrival (immigration), Islam, in its unity and diversity, as long as it “deterritorializes” itself, tears itself away from its historical cultural traditions in order to evolve within a new economic and social landscape, necessarily creates new forms of cultural diversity? Thus, it is no longer a question of opposing systems in their theoretical principles, but of taking an interest in their practical relations. To understand this, we conducted a quantitative and qualitative study of Muslim entrepreneurs based in the Ile de France region. We show that capitalism is a lifestyle whose logic must be hastily internalized; a process favoured according to the economic, social, cultural and symbolic conditions in which it takes place. We also show that being Muslim often means receiving a political identity, collectively constructed and defined by the political and historical configuration within which that identity is embedded. Finally, we follow the historical thread that leads from the Islam of emigrant immigrants to the constitution of a French Islam. A process leading to a gradual reinterpretation of the religious principles and content of Islam from a new and heterogeneous social and cultural landscape
Desmorieux, Eric. "Société en participation et stratégie fiscaleEtudes fiscales diverses." Dijon, 2004. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d3570db5-8c07-406b-8fe9-731bb585401f.
Full textLequien, Isabelle-Marie. "Versailles 1830-1870, société et économie." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040278.
Full textWith the upheaval of the French revolution and the fall of Charles the 10th, Versailles found itself in a critical situation. Its population dropped from 51000 inhabitants in 1790 to 28500 in 1831 and with the departure of the king there was also a sharp financial loss. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the city's reactions and the means used to enable its development. The first part of this work deals with censuses. The 1851's census has been closely examined to investigate the city's demographic and housing characteristics. We then analysed the administrative, religious and military organization. The municipality strengthened the town by aspiring to renewal and modernization through the policies of a succession of mayors political changes were welcome within opportunistic limits and as far as the mayors could protect their own interest. In spite of expanding ultramontanism the relationship between laic and religious authorities remained casual. Moreover the garrison maintained its determinative role on the city's growth. Several documents attest to economic activity. The characteristics of the working population were those belonging to stokeholders'city. They included few industries employing mainly temporary workers. Economic growth remained precarious and touristic activities were predominant. In the last part of our work we analysed aspects of everyday life, leisure, transportation, press, criminality and finally the response to historical events. […]
Marochini, Eric. "Les remembrements en Moselle entre économie, environnement et société : essai de géographie rurale et appliquée." Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/Marochini.Eric.LMZ9913_1.pdf.
Full textThis research about rural geography is devoted to the regrouping of lands, which is today the center of multiple varied issues. It is no longer used as a mere tool of revision and reorganization of agricultural plots of land. Its developing purpose and conservation desire as well as the preservation or improvement of rural societies coherence have led to a change of aims as regards the regrouping of lands, without changing its major function of rationalization of parcels. These methods are now resolutely turned towards the ambition of sustainable agriculture. The author deals here with the numerous questions linked to those new expectations analysing is his research the geographical area of the departement of Moselle. There, the landscapes are characterized by openfields whose divisions varies strongly with geo-historical and geo-agronomical specificities in the areas studied. Besides, for o couple of years, the Conseil Général of Moselle has put a lot into a qualitative approach throughan adequate property development. It is therefore an original field of experiment. The extrem variety and complexed entanglement of the possible consequences of a regrouping have led the author to deal with the experiment on fifteen towns regrouped between 1986-1996, along a cross-disciplinary theme, before suggesting sollutions, orientations so as to make aims, the procedure and the decision-making instruments evolve qualitatively
Régnier, Gérard. "Jazz et société en France sous l'Occupation (1940-1944)." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010503.
Full textBalzamo, Nicolas. "Miracle et société en France (vers 1500-vers 1620)." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE5025.
Full textAt the end of the Middle Ages, the miracle was at the crossroads of fundamental religious beliefs and practices : cult of the Virgin Mary and of the saints, devotion to images and relics, vows and pilgrimages. Since the Reformation has rejected the miracle as such and everything connected with it, it is often regarded as a crucial step in the « disenchantment of the world » which results in the progressive purification of Christianity of its magical elements. The analysis of miracle during the period from 1500 to 1620 in France shows that this was not the case. The theoretical comprehension of miracle remained practically unchanged through over the considered period. The same should be stated concerning the practices connected with the miracle. The relations that people had with supernatural beings whose assistance they hoped for were based on the principle of gift and counter-gift codified long time ago, which underwent no change during the sixteenth century. Even the protestants, supposed to have rejected the miracle and the beliefs and practices attached to it, shared to some extent traditional attitudes. On the theological level, a radical providentialism allowed to reintroduce the possibility of direct divine interventions in the material world. As for the simple believers, great number of them continued to rely on saints, vows and relics, which appeared to them as an efficient help against the vicissitudes of existence
Chaïb, Yassine. "L'Islam et la mort en France : introduction à une recherche sur l'Islam en France : les rapatriements de dépouilles mortelles entre la France et la Tunisie." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX32036.
Full textMironenko-Marenkova, Irina. "Société et sainteté en France et en Russie au XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0006.
Full textThe study of the two forms of holiness -the holy pilgrimage in France, if taken in the case of Benoît-Joseph Labre, and the Russian fools-in-Christ -reveals that the nineteenth century's orthodox and catholic hagiographies, describing the spiritual activity of those persons, use the same categories, inherited from ancient Christian lives: the humiliation, the devotion and the miracles of the saints. However, in the French and Russian societies the attitude toward these saints varies from devotion to scepticism and derision. The criticism toward these saints has a common : origin, the idea, dating back to the eighteenth century, of the public benefit from each human being, but it takes ; different forms in French and Russian societies. The B. -J. Labre's critics intend to refute the Catholic Church's authority, but the opponents of the Russian fools-in-Christ, on the contrary, try to protect the Orthodox Church from these vagabonds reputed as liars. The French state power stays hostile to the pilgrims like B. -J. Labre and, in the same manner, the Russian state authorities dislike the fools-in-Christ because of their uncontrolled character which is considered as a social danger. However, the Catholic Church used the canonization of Labre to consolidate its ascendancy and resist to the new philosophical ideas that conflict with the ancient Christian morality. The Russian Orthodox Church stayed passive in the Synodal period and didn't canonize any fools-in-Christ which cult remained on a local scale
Soman, Alfred. "Sorcellerie, justice criminelle et société en France à l'époque moderne." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040081.
Full textThe rediscovery of the prison records of the Conciergerie du Palais (at the archives of the prefecture of police) led to the first major piece of serial research in the criminal archives of the parliament of Paris, from 1565 to 1670. The original field of study was extended by samples to include the whole of the early-modern period (1540-1789). By focusing attention on the most serious crimes it was possible to replace the notorious witchcraft trials in their historical context, stripped of the legends which have surrounded them for more than three centuries. Certain key developments in criminal jurisprudence have also become clear, for example, the establishment of a system of automatic appeal long before it appeared for the first time in royal legislation in 1670. Likewise, it can be seen that torture lost its central role in judicial procedure as early as the beginning of the sixteenth century. We are therefore able to understand the evolution of a centralized administration of criminal justice: one of the most successful institutions of Ancien Regime France
Delisle, Philippe. "Renouveau missionnaire et société esclavagiste : la Martinique : 1815-1848." Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO31005.
Full textThe clergy of martinique,disorganised by revolution,was restored from 1815 on new foundations. But priests were recruited in french dioceses without any missionary spirit. They confined themselves to prudent religious administration. There was a marked rupture at the end of the 1830's. The government tried to moralize slaves to prepare them for abolition. Some priests were enthusiastic,but they had to face the opposition of whites. The most remarkable initiatives came from brothers of ploermel and sisters of saint-joseph de cluny,who established a network of evangelization. The study of religious life shows that blacks wanted to reproduce the behaviour of settlers. Towards the clergy,they adopted the same spirit of independance. Moreover,the influence of africa lead to syncretism
Chmani, Malika. "L'Islam et le droit musulman des personnes et de la famille à l'épreuve de l'ordre juridique français." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10045.
Full textThe Muslim demands for freedom of worship or for taking into consideration some institutions, have led the French legal order to interfere. Islam having vocation to guide the Muslim in their everyday life, had difficulties to set place into the Republic. A distinction took place in the French law between the personal life and the social life of the Moslem. A conception more "closed" of secularism appeared in the public sphere. It cannot bring in question the efforts previously realized in favor of the exercise of the Muslim cult in France. Furthermore, bringing in question the law of December 9th 1905 to take into account the recently appeared religion is not suitable. The existing legal arsenal is sufficient to reach an equalty of cult with other religions. The reception of the Moslem status in France has been very compromised for some years Archaic et discriminatory institutions cannot find any more effects there. The child and the wife, often injured, deserve the protection of the French legal order. The Moslem norm, as a rule applicable standard, is almost systematically evicted for the benefit of the French law. It is advisable to adapt the rule of conflict to the current reality. Joining the law of the environment of reception is thus more convenient
Leti, Geneviève. "Santé et société esclavagiste : la Martinique (1802-1848) : mythes et réalités." Antilles-Guyane, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AGUY0227.
Full textIs good physical and mental health compatible with slave society? The answer is no. Therefore, it seemed to us to be particulary interested to study health in Martinique from 1802 to 1848 from the viewpoint of attitudes. How did people view their situation? What relationship was established between the tropical climate and diseases? How far did the doctors and the population blame their situation for the diseases prevalent in the country? What role did hippocratic and galenic medecine play? How did the different social groups treat their diseases? What was the size of the medical corps? What was the role of local healers and empirics? Were treatments from metropolitan France especially the Smallpox vaccination, used in the island? What repercussions are there on the Martinique of today? betwwen 1802 and 1848, The home straight leading to the abolition of slavery, were there any improvements in the life of the inhabitants of the colonies and therefore in their health, in particulary after the ending of the slave trade? Can a study of Martinique serve as a model in this field? There are some of the questions which we shall try to answer in this thesis by trying to distinguish between myth and reality
Roche, Thomas. "Conflits et conventions dans la société anglo-normande, 1066-1166." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4104.
Full textLemesle, Bruno. "La société aristocratique dans le Haut-Maine aux XIe et XIIe siècles." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20031.
Full textThis thesis examines the aristocratic society of the Haut-Maine in the context of two powerful neighbouring principalities fighting over the same county. The alliances and rivalries between great lineages enable us to understand what we may call a "culture of war" within its limits. This culture has nothing to do with the now outmoded concept of "feudal anarchy". Before the advent of the nation-state this society, described as violent was in fact endowed with structures which were altered without being radically challenged when the monarchy came back into power in the twelfth century. Despite resistance from part of the aristocraty large monastic estates had been consolidated from the eleventh century onwards. The great lords were able to adapt to such a dual situation while an evolution in attitudes towards religious establishments can be observed between the eleventh and the twelfth centuries
Payen, Michel. "Démographie et société en Hainaut : Gommegnies et Frasnoy, fin du XVIIe siècle - milieu du XVIIIe siècle." Perpignan, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1184.
Full textBrunel, Ghislain. "Economie et société en Picardie méridionale (Soissonnais et Valois) du XIe au début du XIVe siècle." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010560.
Full textGonthier, Nicole. "Délinquance, justice et société en Lyonnais : fin XIIIe-début XVIe siècle." Lyon 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO31002.
Full textAs an empire seignory, the lyonnais has a complex judicial administration for which the archbishop of lyon and the cathedral canons are responsible. After its annexion by the kingdom of france in 1312 it becomes a kingdom seneschalsy. On its territory the earldom must admit the royal justice and police officers who compete with those of the ecclesiastical lords. This competition causes some over-zealousness and misuse of power which bring discredit upon the dispensers of justice but more often than not it brings about an improvement of the procedure, more concern for equity and efficiency, which are particularly positive. Serious investigations, great freedom left to the judge, moderate sentences are the distinctive qualities of justice in the lyonnais. The region is a favorable one for law-breakers : a frequent passing through place for dropouts, it is the victim of "routiers" and its populations have to suffer economic crises which make social difficulties even worse. However, beyond discrepancies between rural and urban delinquency, it may be noted that general violence remains unimportant and that thefts are in greater number than murderous attacks. Craftsmen, women and young men account for the majority of the delinquents immediately followed by clerics and foreigners. Women and clerics are mainly reproached with adultery and concubinage while young men are often summoned to appear for rape or brawl. Foreigners are mainly accused of robbery and swindling, craftsmen of fraud and violence, if impoverishment leads to minor offences, cupidity and ambition on the other hand drive the richest to more serious ones. More generally, every illegal act reflects the offender's position in society as well as the way he reacts to the world. For the rulers all the people subject to court action are at stake : they can prove their power through them, they can teach them law and order which gradually take place of franchises and common law. This is the reason why they are ready to spend plenty of money to dispense high justice, all the more so as the political order they seek to institute is very close to a moral and religious conformism that the study of lawsuits allows to know better
Coulon, Maxcellend. "Jeu d'échecs et société en France au XVIII éme siècle." Besançon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BESA1007.
Full textRochat, Jean. "La société anonyme en France (1807-1867) : représentations et pratiques." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010672.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the business corporation in France between its formal appearance in the law in the Commercial Code of 1807 and the Act of July 1867 that removes any government authorization previously requested for the creation of such company. The société anonyme has often been described as the necessary support of modern industrial capitalism, particularly in that it would have allowed significant concentration of capital. By observing closely the practices of different actors, this thesis aims to revise this representation, seeking to replace the public company in the political economy of the first half of the nineteenth century. This approach includes a research on the origins of the société anonyme – which we do not consider as a product of capitalist modernity – and a reassessment of the role of the state, which is one of the main users of this business form and whose intervention is necessary for the viability of such an institution. At a more general level, this thesis aims at questioning the interaction between law and economy, highlighting a process of construction and legal learning based on an ongoing dialogue between the existing law, the uses that are made of it and the State’s actions
Koblentz, Catherine. "La Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale et les inventeurs 1824-1844." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0135.
Full textWhen the Society for Encouragement for national industry was founded in 1801, its main objective was to contribute to improving ail sectors of French « industry » commerce, agriculture, and the Fine Arts as well as industry strictly speaking. To achieve this goal, the Society suggests encouraging the circulation of the knowledge by putting ail the potential industrial actors in contact with each other for a better association of theory and practice, and to make existing discoveries more widely known in order to stimulate new discoveries. The object of this study is to estimate the contributions, the influences, the various faces of the commitments of the Society for Encouragement for national industry in the support of the invention and the inventors with or without patents and in France between 1824 and 1844. This work also tries to enlighten the way this learned society influenced the élaboration of the new law of 1844 relative to patents
Laroche, Patrice. "L'évangélisation des musulmans en France antécédents historiques et pastorale contemporaine /." Lille : Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/54542441.html.
Full textPerry, Laurence. "Le moulin et le meunier dans la société rurale auvergnate du XVIIIe siècle." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF20002.
Full textJuridical, technical, economical study of millers trade - corn mills, hemp mills and oll mills- and of millers in the rural society in Auvergne during eighteenth century. The province of Auvergne counts a large majority of water mills, implicating many juridicals (water right) and geographical constraints. Technically, little mills with horizontal wheels are preponderants in montainous zones, they make millers trade in Auvergne a few remunerative activity and millers a social group without cohesion which place in society is mediocre
Diedler, Jean-Claude. "Violence et société : la haute vallée de la Meurthe vers 1550 - vers 1660." Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA1014.
Full textChappey, Jean-Luc. "La Société des Observateurs de l'Homme (1799-1804) : genèse, personnel et activités d'une société savante sous le Consulat." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010671.
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