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1
Fauconnier, Aurélien. "Étude des modalités de transposition des séquences d'insertion bactériennes des familles IS91-ISCR." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LIMO0101.
Abstract:
Les éléments de la famille IS91/ISCR constituent une famille hautement associée à des gènes de virulence et de résistance aux antibiotiques. Cette famille d'IS atypique code une transposase HUH médiant les évènements de transposition en utilisant un mécanisme de transposition en cercle roulant. Contrairement aux autres membres de la famille, IS91 contient un petit ORF codant potentiellement pour un polypeptide de 121 acides aminés, Orf121, en amont du gène de la transposase, tnpA. La première partie de ce travail a consisté à une étude in silico de deux éléments de la famille IS91, IS91 et IS1294b présentent des séquences conservées au niveau de la transposase et des régions terIS et oriIS. La deuxième partie du travail a été expérimentale concernant la régulation et l’efficacité de la transposition. Nous avons montré que i) la transcription du gène tnpA provient principalement du promoteur Porf121 et que la transcription des deux gènes est couplée, ii) l'expression de la protéine Orf121 en cis ou en trans a un effet inhibiteur sur la transposition in vivo de IS91, iii) Orf121 est nécessaire à la reconnaissance et au clivage précis de l'extrémité terIS91 pour limiter la mobilisation de l’ADN adjacent. En ce qui concerne la transposition de IS91, nous avons montré que seuls les intermédiaires circulaires ADN simple brin peuvent être insérés dans une nouvelle séquence cible et avons identifié deux doigts de zinc essentiels pour l’activité de la transposition, appelés ZF1 impliquant les cystéines 41, 68, 73, 76 et ZF2 impliquant les cystéines, 53, 58, 360 et 363. Enfin, nous avons démontré que les transposases des éléments de la famille IS91 (IS91, ISKnp22) et de la famille ISCR (ISCR1) sont capables de se mobiliser et de reconnaitre et cliver l’extrémité oriIS de IS91, ISCR1 et ISCR2 et l’extrémité terIS de IS91 et ISCR2The IS91/ISCR family is highly associated with virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. This atypical IS family encodes a HUH transposase mediating transposition events using a rolling circle transposition mechanism. Unlike the other members of the family, IS91 contains a small ORF potentially encoding a 121 amino acid polypeptide, Orf121, upstream of the transposase gene, tnpA. The first part of this work consisted of an in silico study of two members of the IS91 family, IS91 and IS1294b, that have conserved sequences of the transposase and terIS and oriIS regions. The second part of this work was experimental and focused on the transposition efficiency and regulation. We have shown that i) transcription of the tnpA gene originates mainly from the Porf121 promoter and that transcription of the two genes is coupled, ii) expression of the Orf121 protein in cis or in trans has an inhibitory effect on in vivo transposition of IS91, iii) Orf121 is required for recognition and precise cleavage of the terIS91 end to limit mobilization of the adjacent DNA. With regard to IS91 transposition, we showed that only single-stranded circular DNA intermediates can be inserted into a new target sequence and identified two zinc fingers essential for the transposase activity, called ZF1 involving cysteines 41, 68, 73 and 76 and ZF2 involving cysteines 53, 58, 360 and 363. Finally, we demonstrated that transposases from the IS91 family (IS91, ISKnp22) and the ISCR family (ISCR1) are able to mobilize and recognize and cleave the oriIS end of IS91, ISCR1 and ISCR2 and the terIS end of IS91 and ISCR2
2
Oliveira, Luisa Abruzzi de. "Análise transcricional dos genes ISA1, NFS1 e ISU1 de Eucalyptus grandis sob estresse." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15492.
Abstract:
Os agrupamentos de ferro-enxofre (Fe-S) são grupos prostéticos necessários para a manutenção da vida, pois estão envolvidos em diversos processos incluindo a transferência de elétrons, reações metabólicas, sinalização e regulação da expressão gênica. As plantas realizam fotossíntese e respiração, dois processos que requerem proteínas Fe-S, sendo os únicos organismos em que a síntese destas proteínas é compartimentalizada. Diversos fatores afetam o desenvolvimento das plantas, entre eles, a temperatura baixa, fator limitante à produtividade e à distribuição geográfica das plantas, incluindo Eucalyptus grandis, uma espécie com grande importância econômica. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma análise transcricional dos genes NFS1, ISA1 e ISU1 de E. grandis após diferentes estúmlos por meio de PCR quantitativa (qRT-PCR) e microarranjos. Após o tratamento de plântulas de E. grandis com frio, foram realizados experimentos de qRT-PCR. Os resultados foram normalizados com os genes constitutivos codificadores da histona H2B e da ribonucleoproteína L23A. Considerando tal normalização, ISU1 aumentou sua expressão em 0,6 e 1,7 vezes, NFS1 apresentou um aumento de 6 e 8 vezes, enquanto ISA1 apresentou um aumento de 69 a 114 vezes em relação à condição controle. Utilizando-se a técnica de microarranjos, foi analisada a diferença de expressão entre folhas e xilema de árvores maduras de E. grandis. O gene NFS1 apresentou maior expressão nas folhas do que em xilema, porém os genes ISA1 e ISU1 apresentaram um padrão de expressão equivalente entre os dois tipos de tecidos. Esses resultados sugerem que (i) os genes NFS1 e ISA1 podem estar relacionados à resposta celular ao estresse causado por frio; e que (ii) os aumentos na expressão devem-se, provavelmente, ao metabolismo de enxofre e à indução de enzimas antioxidantes. Foi também realizado um experimento de curva de tempo com a submissão de plântulas de E. grandis ao resfriamento, objetivando-se verificar em que momento esses genes começam a ter suas expressões aumentadas. O gene ISU1 apresentou maior expressão gênica nas primeiras duas horas de tratamento, caindo drasticamente logo após este período. O gene ISA1, que havia apresentado a maior expressão relativa no experimento anterior, não apresentou diferença significativa no padrão de expressão durante as 16 horas de resfriamento, assim como o gene NFS1. Esses resultados indicam que as proteínas Fe-S, frente ao resfriamento, estão possivelmente envolvidas na recuperação das plantas após tal estresse.Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are prosthetic groups required for the maintenance of life because they are involved in various vital processes, including electron transfers, metabolic reactions, signaling and regulation of gene expression. Plants perform photosynthesis and respiration, two processes that require Fe-S proteins, and are the only organisms in which the synthesis of these proteins is compartmentalized. Several factors and stresses affect the development of plants including low temperature, which is a productivity-limiting factor and restricts plants to certain geographical distributions, including Eucalyptus grandis, a species with significant economic importance. The aim of this study is to perform an analysis of E. grandis NFS1 and ISA1 gene expressions after different stimuli through quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and microarrays. qRT-PCR experiment were conducted on plants submitted to a cold treatment. The results were normalized with the housekeeping genes encoding histone H2B and ribonucleoprotein L23A. Considering such normalizations, ISU1 increased the expression 0.6 and 1-fold, NFS1 showed a 6 and 8-fold increase in comparison with the control condition, while ISA1 gene increased 69 and 114-fold. Using microarrays, the difference in expression between leaves and xylem of E. grandis was analyzed. The NFS1 gene showed higher expression in leaves than in xylem, but the ISA1and ISU1 showed equivalent pattern of expression in both types of tissues. These results suggest that (i) NFS1 and ISA1 genes are related to the cellular response to the stress caused by chilling, and that (ii) the increased expression should be probably due to the metabolism of sulfur and to the induction of antioxidative enzymes. A time-course experiment was also conducted during the cold stress of E. grandis plants to look at which moment these genes begin to increase their expressions. The ISU1 gene showed higher expression in the first 2 hours of treatment, and than decreased severally after this period. The ISA1 gene, which had shown the highest expression in the previous experiment, did not show significant differences in the pattern of expression during the 16 hours of chilling treatment, as well as the NFS1 gene. These results indicate that Fe-S proteins, in response to low temperature, are possibly involved in the recovery of the plants after this stress.
3
Salmanian, Mazda. "Inverse multiplexing of IS95 traffic for video transmission." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0027/MQ27025.pdf.
4
Salmanian, Mazda Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Systems and Computer. "Inverse multiplexing of IS95 traffic for video transmission." Ottawa, 1997.
5
Zegarra, Rodríguez Demóstenes. "Diseño del equipamiento de conmutación de una red celular CDMA/IS95/1X." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2006. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/1084.
Abstract:
El presente trabajo de tesis se ha sido realizado con la finalidad de exponer los
principales conceptos que se deben tener en consideración al afrontar el problema de
dimensionar la etapa de conmutación dentro de una red celular llegando a determinar
la solución conceptual y su posterior ejecución, para mayor claridad se presentan
casos prácticos de dimensionamiento y el desarrollo de un proyecto.
Por consiguiente y con la finalidad de brindar un concepto teórico general, en el
capítulo 1, se presenta el esquema de una red celular CDMA mostrando los
principales equipos que componen esta red, describiendo las funciones
fundamentales, capacidades y elementos internos de los principales equipos.
En el marco teórico, capítulo 2, se describen los principales conceptos
referentes a tráfico telefónico y la descripción de los parámetros que indican el estado
de una red celular, con el objetivo de caracterizar el comportamiento de llamadas de
los usuarios y por ende de la misma red.
En el capítulo 3 se muestra la aplicación de los conceptos teóricos en casos
prácticos de dimensionamiento de tráfico, determinación de estructura de la red y
control de la capacidad de equipos. El objetivo es que tomando en consideración todas
las reglas de dimensionamiento y parámetros de control de calidad, en cada uno de
los tres casos expuestos en este capítulo, se debe plantear para cada caso una
solución de ingeniería factible de aplicar.
Teniendo ya planteada la solución de un problema se debe ejecutar, por lo que
en el capítulo 4 se ha descrito las principales consideraciones que se deben tener en
la ejecución de un proyecto, como ejemplo, y para un mejor entendimiento, se ha
tomado al segundo caso del capítulo 3.
Finalmente el Capítulo 5 muestra muy brevemente un análisis de los costos
involucrados en el caso 1 del capítulo 3.Tesis
6
HAREN, LAURENCE. "Relations structure/fonction des facteurs proteiques exprimes par l'element transposable bacterien is911." Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30232.
Abstract:
La sequence d'insertion is911 est composee de deux cadres de lecture partiellement chevauchants et encadres par de courtes extremites inversement repetees. Sa transposase est produite suite a un decalage de phase traductionnel programme peu avant la fin du premier cadre de lecture. Ce mode de synthese lui permet : (i) d'associer la synthese de la transposase (orfab) a celle du produit du premier cadre de lecture (orfa), un facteur regulateur qui stimule sa transposition intermoleculaire ; (ii) d'assembler deux domaines fonctionnels distincts, un domaine de liaison specifique aux extremites code par le premier cadre de lecture et un domaine catalytique code par le second cadre de lecture, sur un seul polypeptide. Le domaine catalytique a ete defini sur la base de sa structure predite etroitement homologue a celle du cur catalytique des integrases retrovirales. Nous avons confirme cette homologie au niveau fonctionnel. Nous avons egalement decele une thermosensibilite intrinseque de l'activite de la transposase, confirmee par l'obtention de mutants thermoresistants. Orfab et orfa partagent une region n-terminale comportant un motif helice-tour-helice (hth) putatif suivi d'un motif leucine-zipper (lz). La sequence du lz differe cependant dans les deux proteines. La caracterisation fine de ce motif suggere qu'il est structuralement et fonctionnellement homologue aux lzs des facteurs de transcription eucaryotes. Il est implique dans l'homo- et l'heteromultimerisation d'orfab et d'orfa. Il pourrait permettre une dimerisation du motif hth adjacent, requise pour une fixation efficace aux extremites du transposon, et intervenir dans la fonction regulatrice d'orfa en permettant la fixation de multimeres hybrides orfa/orfab. Deux autres regions sont egalement impliquees dans l'oligomerisation de la transposase : une region situee directement en aval du lz et probablement impliquee dans le pontage proteique des extremites, et une region contenue dans le domaine catalytique.
7
Gueguen, Erwan. "Étude de la thermosensibilité de transposition de la séquence d'insertion bactérienne IS911." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30183.
8
Inglis, Neil Fraser. "Studies on a 40kDa protein antigen of IS901/902-positive Mycobacterium avium." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21315.
Abstract:
The work presented in this thesis was undertaken as part of a larger research initiative in the field of ruminant paratuberculosis (Johne's disease). One of the group's main research objectives was the identification and characterisation of subspecies-specific genes and proteins of the two members of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) known to have a causal role in ruminant paratuberculosis, namely Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis (M. a. paratuberculosis) and IS901/902-positive strains of Mycobacterium avium (M. avium). A protein antigen of 40kDa (p40) was identified in an IS901/902-positive strain of M. avium, but could not be detected in M. a. paratuberculosis, IS901/902-negative M avium, or in any of 13 other species of Mycobacterium tested. Examination of 19 further MAC field isolates confirmed the absolute association between p40 and IS901/902, suggesting that p40 is a novel, subspecies-specific protein which may potentially be of value as a diagnostic antigen. Soluble p40 antigen was precipitated from cleared cell lysates and purified to homogeneity using a series of chromatographic separations. Chemical cleavage and Edman degradation of the purified p40 antigen provided both amino-terminal and internal amino acid sequence data which showed no sequence identity with any protein sequence currently in the OWL database. Translations of IS901/902 in all six reading frames revealed amino acid sequences which confirmed that the genomic insertion sequence does not encode the p40 antigen. A second protein of 30kDa (p30) was purified simultaneously, and analysis of the first 10 amino-terminal amino acid residues revealed up to 90% sequence identity with the mature secretory antigens of the "antigen 85 complex" of 8 other species of Mycobacterium. Experiments were designed to ascertain whether the p40 antigen was expressed in vivo and to assess whether any immune response to the p40 could be exploited in the development of an immune-based assay to differentiate between animals infected with M. a. paratuberculosis, and others infected with IS901/902-positive status of M. avium.
9
Williams, David Ross. "The stability of insertion sequence IS1 in Escherichia coli." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317123.
10
Rhodes, Glenn. "Insertion sequence 1 (IS1) in freshwater and associated sediments." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364117.
11
Nisevic, Ivan. "Detection and analysis of LIM domain-mediated interactions between transcription factors." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15711.
Abstract:
LIM-homeodomain (LIM-HD) proteins are a class of transcription factors involved in tissue specification and cell determination during development and are important in adult gene regulation. Six families of LIM-HD proteins, with two close paralogues in each family, are commonly found in tetrapods. They bind DNA via HDs, whereas their interactions with other proteins are mediated mainly by a pair of closely spaced LIM-domains (LIMs) in each protein. These proteins take part in various transcriptional complexes with Ldb1 and other cofactors that contain LIM-interaction domains (LIDs). In this thesis, protein-protein interactions of LIM-HD proteins were analysed in order to better understand the molecular mechanisms of transcriptional complex formation. Based on previous research that showed LIM-LID mediated interactions between Lhx3 and Isl1, yeast two-hybrid mating arrays were used to investigate how widespread protein-protein interactions are amongst the 12 mammalian LIM-HD proteins. Due to high levels of background growth in experiments with full-length proteins in pGBT9 vectors, the mating arrays focused on LIM-domain mediated interactions with full-length LIM-HDs or known LIDs. The arrays revealed a relatively strong interaction between Lhx3 (or Lhx4) and Isl1 (or Isl2), and detected weaker interactions between Lmx1a or Lmx1b and the LIM-binding domain of Isl1. The contribution of separate LIM-domains to the overall interaction with Ldb1 for each of the proteins was analysed by the same method. In most cases one of the LIM domains in each protein was able to independently interact with the LID domain of Ldb1 by yeast two-hybrid analysis indicating a dominant binder: LIM1 in Isl1 and Isl2, or LIM2 in other proteins. The exceptions were paralogues Lhx1 and Lhx5, for which no separate domain showed interaction with Ldb1LID by this approach. All tandem LIM-domain constructs showed a much stronger interaction with Ldb1LID than any isolated LIM domain supporting the idea that both domains are required for high affinity binding to Ldb1. Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation experiments in yeast were designed and conducted as an alternative approach to test interactions between full-length LIM-HD proteins in the hope that a non-transcription based assay would lead to no or less background signal compared to yeast two-hybrid analysis. A plasmid system was developed based on existing yeast two-hybrid vectors using split green fluorescent proteins in place of domains from the GAL4 transcription factor. The assay was able to detect interactions between different LIMs and their partners but unfortunately interactions between full-length proteins were still difficult to detect due to low fluorescence, self-complementation in the controls and localization effects. LIM domains from LIM-HD proteins cannot be used in standard bimolecular binding assays because they tend to be insoluble and/or aggregate in the absence of a binding partner. Stable, soluble intramolecular ‘tethered complexes’ can be generated in which LIMs are tethered to Ldb1LID via a flexible linker. Introduction of a specific protease site into the tether allows the formation of intermolecular cut complexes, which have previously been used in homologous competition ELISA experiments. In this thesis attempts were made to develop more robust biophysical binding assays that could be used to assess the binding affinities of different LIMs for Ldb1LID. Several different labelling approaches were used to generate proteins with fluorescent tags for use in fluorescence anisotropy assays. In one of these approaches expressed protein ligation was applied to generate proteins with an N-terminal fluorescein. Although this labelling strategy was of low efficiency for LIMs-Ldb1LID tethered constructs, some preliminary fluorescence anisotropy experiments were carried out, which indicated that this could be a useful strategy providing a more efficient labelling strategy can be found. GFP-tagged tethered complexes were easier to generate, but could not be used in anisotropy experiments because of the intrinsically high anisotropy of GFP proteins. However, preliminary experiments indicated that these proteins can be used in clear native gel shift competition assays to compare binding affinities of different tandem LIM domains to Ldb1LID. Data presented in this thesis provide valuable insight into protein-protein interactions of LIM-HD transcription factors and the advantages, as well as disadvantages, of applied experimental approaches. The results and their implications are discussed, raising questions that can be resolved in future studies.
12
Clugston, C. K. "Amplification of an IS1-flanked unit in Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234833.
13
Gao, Rui [Verfasser]. "Pioneering function of Isl1 in epigenetic regulation during second heart field development / Rui Gao." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199264504/34.
14
Smith, Ngaio Charlotte. "Investigating the role of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions in the function of Isl1." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20655.
Abstract:
LIM-homeodomain (LIM-HD) transcription factors act as key developmental regulators, through their ability to both bind DNA through homeodomain-DNA interactions, and to form larger complexes through protein-protein interactions. Many interactions that have been characterised are formed using their LIM domains, but likely also involve other regions, which have not yet been described for many LIM-HD proteins. The LIM-HD protein Isl1 has been implicated in the development of many tissues. However, relatively little detail is known about how Isl1 functions in these systems and the pathways in which it acts. The first part of this thesis aimed to identify and characterise novel binding partners for Isl1. An earlier project isolated ~180 potential binding partners through use of yeast two-hybrid mating screens; throughout this thesis further methodology was developed to identify additional proteins in a medium throughput manner. Validation protocols were then applied to determine which interactors were likely to represent biologically relevant interaction partners for Isl1. The second part of this thesis focussed on the mechanisms by which Isl1 and Lhx3 direct cell fate determination in the developing central nervous system. These proteins, along with Ldb1, interact via LIM:LID interactions to form cell-specific transcriptional complexes that target genes different to those targeted by either LIM-HD protein alone. It was not known if the homeodomains target these different sites solely because of the LIM:LID interactions or if the homeodomains themselves bind cooperatively to DNA. The DNA-binding behaviour of various iterations of the Lhx3/Isl1/Ldb1 complex are described, and structural characterisation of the Isl1/Lhx3 DNA-binding unit has been pursued. These data provide new insights into the mechanisms by which Isl1 and Lhx3 work together in regulating gene expression.
15
Gamas, Pascal. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle des extremites de la sequence d'insertion is1." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30018.
16
Normand, Christophe. "Etude des interactions de la transposase de la séquence d'insertion bactérienne IS911 avec ses extrémités." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU30145.
17
Blakely, Garry William. "The regulation and stability of insertion sequence IS1 in Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335291.
18
Carrique, Loic. "Études des relations structure-fonctionactivité d’enzymes de Plasmodium falciparum pour la conception et la synthèse de nouvelles molécules antipaludiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1109.
Abstract:
Plasmodium falciparum est responsable de la forme la plus grave de paludisme avec plus de 600 000 décès par an. L'absence de vaccin efficace, combinée à l'émergence de résistances aux traitements récurrents, exige le développement de nouvelles molécules. Afin de limiter ces résistances, il est nécessaire de cibler de nouvelles voies métaboliques indispensables à la survie du parasite. Ce travail de thèse repose sur l'étude de deux voies métaboliques essentielles au parasite que sont la voie de recyclage des bases puriques et la voie de biosynthèse des ancres glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI).En ce qui concerne la voie de recyclage des bases puriques, la détermination des structures cristallines de l' « IMP specific 5‘-nucleotidase » (PfISN1) associée aux études biochimiques et biophysiques (SAXS, EM, MALS…), a permis de préciser le mécanisme d'action fournissant ainsi une base solide pour la mise au point d'inhibiteurs. Une banque de plus 3000 composés a été criblée par Fluorimétrie à Balayage Différentiel et les effets des molécules sélectionnées seront évalués sur l'enzyme et sur la croissance du parasite en culture.Quatre cibles thérapeutiques potentielles appartenant à la voie de biosynthèse des ancres GPI ont été sélectionnées. L'utilisation de plusieurs systèmes d'expression disponibles au laboratoire (bactérie, levure, acellulaire en germe de blé) ou via des plateformes européennes pour l‘expression en cellules de mammifères HEK293T (Oxford), de cellules BHK21 transfectées avec le virus de la vaccine modifié, T7-MVA, (Strasbourg) ou la plateforme ESPRIT (Grenoble) ont permis de passer outre les difficultés rencontrées pour exprimer les protéines d'intérêt. L'une des quatre cibles, la mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransférase (PfMPG), a pu être exprimée de manière suffisante quantitativement et qualitativement pour une caractérisation biochimique et structurale. Une analyse par SAXS et cristallographie aux rayons X a été réaliséePlasmodium falciparum is responsible for the most severe form of malaria with more than 600,000 deaths per year. The lack of an effective vaccine, combined with the emergence of drug resistant parasites, necessitates the development of new drugs. In order to limit these resistances, it is necessary to target new metabolic pathways essential for parasite survival. This thesis work is based on the study of two metabolic pathways essential to the parasite, the purine salvage pathways and the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor biosynthesis pathway.Concerning the purine salvage pathway, the determination of the crystal structures of the IMP -specific 5'-nucleotidase (PfISN1) associated with biochemical and biophysical studies (SAXS, EM, MALS, etc.) have allowed to propose a reaction mechanism, thereby providing a solid basis for the conception and development of inhibitors. A library of more than 3000 compounds was screened by Differential Scanning Fluorimetry and the selected molecules will be evaluated for their inhibitory effect on the enzyme and on the growth of parasites in culture.Four potential therapeutic targets belonging to the GPI anchor biosynthesis pathway were selected. The use of several in-house available expression systems (bacteria, yeast, and acellular wheat germ) as well as European platforms for the expression in HEK293T mammalian cells (Oxford), in BHK21 cells transfected with the modified vaccinia virus, T7-MVA, (Strasbourg) or the ESPRIT platform (Grenoble) has allowed us to overcome the difficulties encountered on obtaining the selected protein targets. One of the four targets has been expressed in sufficient amount and quality for biochemical- and structural characterization, namely the mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (PfMPG). SAXS and X-ray crystallography analyses have been carried out
19
Polard, Patrice. "Etude de l'élément transposable bactérien IS911 : mise en évidence et caractérisation des facteurs nécessaires à sa transposition." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30057.
Abstract:
La sequence d'insertion is911 est un element transposable decouvert chez l'enterobacterie shigella dysenteriae. Elle appartient a la famille is3, qui rassemble actuellement le quart des sequences d'insertion bacteriennes. De taille voisine, elles presentent deux cadres de lecture juxtaposes, orfa et orfb. La caracteristique centrale qui rassemble ces elements est une forte similitude de la sequence proteique deduite du cadre de lecture majeur orfb. A ce critere unificateur s'ajoute l'identite de leurs bases terminales, invariablement formees du dinucleotide 5-ca-3. Les homologies majeures qui rassemblent les sequences d'insertion de la famille is3 ont ete retrouvees chez les retrovirus et les retrotransposons. Les proteines deduites des cadres de lecture orfb portent un domaine proteique d'une centaine d'acides amines retrouve dans l'integrase de ces retro-elements eucaryotes. Ces retro-elements se terminent tous par le dinucleotide 5-ca-3. Les proteines exprimees par is911 sont au nombre de trois. Deux d'entre elles, orfa et orfb, sont des produits independants d'orfa et d'orfb. La troisieme, orfab, est une fusion de ces deux proteines. Elle est issue d'un decalage de phase traductionnel programme. Orfab est la transposase de l'element. La transposition d'is911 ne serait pas replicative. D'un point de vue mecanistique, elle se rapprocherait de l'integration retrovirale. L'expression individuelle de la transposase s'accompagne de la circulation precise de l'element au niveau de ses extremites. Cette forme excisee d'is911 est le resultat d'une transposition intramoleculaire. Elle n'est pas observee lorsqu'orfab est exprimee avec orfa. De plus, cette proteine stimule la transposition intermoleculaire. Nous n'avons trouve aucun role a la proteine orfb. Les proteines orfa et orfab, mais pas orfb, se fixent specifiquement sur les extremites de l'element. L'ensemble de ces resultats ont permis de proposer un modele pour le deroulement de la transposition et de la circularisation d'is911
20
Turlan, Catherine. "Etude du mécanisme de transposition de la séquence d'insertion IS1 chez Escherichia coli." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30059.
Abstract:
La transposition reflete une recombinaison illegitime mediee par des sequences d'adn capables de mobilite. Ces sequences (elements transposables) sont de nature tres diverse et sont largement representees, chez les organismes procaryotes, par les sequences d'insertion. Is1 est une sequence d'insertion commune a de nombreuses enterobacteries. De par sa translocation, elle est largement impliquee dans les remaniements genomiques chromosomiques et extrachromosomiques. Mon travail a consiste en l'etude du mecanisme de ces remaniements. Is1 medie des evenements de transposition intramoleculaire (deletion adjacente, excision - deletion) et intermoleculaires (cointegration, insertion simple). Les methodes de genetique classiques utilisees jusqu'alors n'ont permis que la mise en evidence des produits transpositionnels stables in vivo. L'impossibilite de detecter certains derives transpositionnels est un obstacle majeur a la comprehension du mecanisme de transposition d'is1. Dans un premier temps, nous avons donc elabore un systeme experimental qui permet la caracterisation in vivo de l'ensemble des intermediaires et produits transpositionnels (chapitre i). Ainsi, nous avons pu montrer que les deletions adjacentes promues par is1 resultent d'une transposition intramoleculaire de type duplicatif. Par ailleurs, nos travaux mettent en evidence l'aptitude d'is1 a se circulariser de maniere precise. Ce systeme experimental a egalement permis d'acceder de maniere statistique au ciblage de la transposition d'is1. Il devrait ainsi etre possible de comprendre le determinisme du choix de la cible par le complexe transpositionnel. La definition du mecanisme de translocation d'is1 a ensuite ete abordee par etude de l'enzyme qui catalyse la recombinaison transpositionnelle: la transposase insab' (chapitre ii). Insab' n'exhibe aucun des motifs catalytiques caracteristiques des transposases des autres sequences d'insertion connues a ce jour. En revanche, elle presente des motifs homologues aux motifs catalytiques des integrases de type lambdoide. La mutagenese des residus hautement conserves au sein de ces motifs montre leur implication (directe ou indirecte) dans la catalyse de la transposition d'is1. En parallele, nous avons elabore des tests d'activite in vivo d'insab' permettant d'isoler des transposases mutantes partiellement ou totalement defectives. L'analyse de ces mutants rendra possible la definition des domaines proteiques essentiels au processus transpositionnel. En outre, toute transposase deficiente pour l'une ou l'autre des etapes de la mobilisation d'is1 conduira a l'accumulation d'intermediaires reactionnels. Ainsi, ces differentes etapes pourront etre analysees et chacune d'elles pourra etre associee a une activite catalytique de la transposase d'is1. Enfin, pour affiner encore l'analyse de ce mecanisme, nous avons realise les experiences preliminaires a la reconstitution in vitro de la transposition d'is1 (chapitre iii). Insab' a ete exprime chez e. Coli puis enrichie ou synthetisee au sein du systeme acellulaire. Divers tests permettant de detecter les evenements de transposition in vitro ont ete mis au point. Des resultats encourageants ont ete obtenus mais ceux-ci doivent etre completes par une analyse approfondie de l'activite de la transposase in vitro. Les travaux presentes dans ce memoire permettent d'ores et deja une meilleure apprehension du role et de la nature des partenaires nucleiques et proteiques, du ciblage de l'insertion et du mecanisme de transposition d'is1. Ainsi, la simplicite de son organisation genetique et la diversite des evenements transpositionnels qu'elle promeut font d'is1 un systeme d'etude original donnant acces aux multiples parametres du processus transpositionnel
21
Loot, Céline. "Etude du mécanisme transpositionnel de la séquence d'insertion bactérienne IS911 et du rôle de la protéine régulatrice ORFA." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30212.
22
Winsor, Barbara. "Caractérisation de mutants de Saccharomyces cerevisiae affectés dans la biosynthèse des ARN messagers rpoB(II), Ise1, rna14, rna15." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376107622.
23
Santos, Juliete Vitorino dos. "Expressão e purificação da forma recombinante dos Inibidores de Serino Peptidase ISP1 e ISP2 de Leishmania infantum chagasi." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2017.
Abstract:
Orientadora: Profª Drª Márcia Aparecida SperançaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biossistemas, 2017.
A leishmaniose visceral, causada pelos parasitas das espécies Leishmania infantum e Leishmania donovani, do Velho Mundo, e pela Leishmania infantum chagasi, do Novo Mundo, é uma doença infecciosa e letal se não for tratada. O número de casos desta doença está aumentando no Estado de São Paulo. Uma vez diagnosticada, o tratamento para a leishmaniose visceral tem efeitos colaterais importantes, além da ocorrência de parasitas resistentes aos medicamentos disponíveis. Sabe-se que algumas peptidases desempenham um papel importante na fisiologia e doença causada por parasitas do género Leishmania. A inibição específica destas enzimas pode constituir uma importante estratégia para a produção de potentes agentes antiparasitários. Em bactérias E. coli, inibidores de serino peptidases (ISPs) denominados ecotinas, têm sido descritos, sendo também identificados em espécies de Leishmania. A caracterização funcional da ISP1 e ISP2 de L. major mostrou o seu papel na formação de flagelo de promastigotas e na inibição da elastase de neutrófilos de hospedeiro vertebrado, respectivamente. Portanto, os objetivos deste projeto são a expressão e a purificação das proteínas ISP1 e ISP2 de L. i. chagasi (LcISP1 e LcISP2) recombinantes. A amplificação das sequências que codificam as LcISP1 e LcISP2 foi realizada por PCR a partir do DNA genômico, de L. i. chagasi extraído de uma estirpe de referência cedida pelo Laboratório Nacional de Referência de Espécies de Leishmania da Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. Os fragmentos de PCR foram clonados no vetor de expressão bacteriano pET28a e as proteínas recombinantes LcISP2 e LcISP1 foram obtidas na fração solúvel do extrato proteico bacteriano. Após expressão das proteínas recombinantes, elas foram purificadas por cromatografia de afinidade em níquel.
Visceral leishmaniasis, caused by the Old World parasites species Leishmania infantum and Leishmania donovani, and by the New World Leishmania infantum chagasi, is an infectious and lethal disease, if untreated. The number of cases of this disease is increasing in the State of São Paulo. Once diagnosed, treatment for visceral leishmaniasis has important side effects, besides occurrence of parasites resistant to the available drugs. It is known that some peptidases play an important role in physiology and disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania. The specific inhibition of these enzymes may constitute an important strategy for producing potent antiparasitic agents. In bacteria E. coli, inhibitors of serine peptidases (ISPs) called ecotins, have been described, being also identified in Leishmania species. Characterization of genes encoding ISP1 and ISP2 of L. major, showed its role in the promastigote flagellum formation and in the inhibition of vertebrate host neutrophil elastase, respectively. Therefore, the aims of this project are to produce L. i. chagasi ISP1 (LcISP1) and ISP2 (LcISP2) recombinant forms and to evaluate the its biochemical activity. Amplification of the LcISP1 and LcISP2 encoding sequences were performed by PCR from L. i. chagasi DNA extracted from a reference strain obtained from the Leishmania collection of the Leishmania National Reference Laboratory of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. PCR fragments were cloned into the pET28a bacterial expression vector and the recombinant LcISP1 and LcISP2 proteins were present in soluble bacterial extract fraction. After purification by niquel affinity chromatography, recombinant LcISP1 and LcISP2 proteins e were tested for biochemical activity.
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Copenhaver, Donna Dr, Marilyn MSN RN Dubree, Chris MSN RN-BC Wilson, Martha PhD Buckner, Cathy R. DrPH Taylor, and Kathy MSN RN Jordan. "Outcomes and Experiences of an RN to BSN Online Cohort: An Academic-Practice Partnership." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol5/iss1/6.
Abstract:
Abstract
This article describes the result of an academic-practice partnership between a School of Nursing (SON) and a University Medical Center (UMC) for the purpose of promoting BSN education in response to the Institute of Medicine’s recommendation that 80% of RNs hold a baccalaureate degree or higher by 2020. The mutually beneficial partnership worked together to offer a pilot online RN-BSN nursing program, increase the number of BSNs in the workforce, and to collect information from RN-BSN students returning to school about their challenges, recommendations for future programs, and why they were interested in returning to school. The BSN graduates reported a renewed interest in nursing, opportunities for advancement, and the importance of a support system for RNs planning to return to school. The BSN graduates identified barriers for returning to school included finances, lack of knowledge related to technology, and challenges of maintaining work-life balance.
25
Collier, Angela. "Approachability of the Instructor within the Context of Nursing Clinical Education: A Concept Analysis using Rodger's Evolutionary Method." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol7/iss1/1.
Abstract:
Aim: The aim of the study is to report an analysis of the concept of approachability of the instructor within the context of nursing clinical education.
Background: Approachability of the instructor within the context of a nursing clinical education is a concept that is obscure and immature.
Design: Concept Analysis
Data Sources: A literature search between the years 1985 to present yielded 18 articles that were analyzed.
Method: Rodger’s Evolutionary Method was used for the concept analysis.
Results: The concept analysis identified the antecedents, attributes and consequences of approachability of the clinical nursing instructor. The antecedent was a student centered teaching philosophy. Based on the analysis, the attributes were divided in active and subtle behaviors of approachability. The active behaviors were encouraging questions, not belittling the students, showing an interest in students and being flexible. The subtle behaviors were identified as non-verbal communication and being available. The consequences include building an interpersonal relationship and creating a positive clinical experience. Using the antecedents, attributes and consequences, a theoretical definition was developed.
Conclusion: The implications for future development include development of a tool that measures approachability, relational quantitative studies using the instrument and dissemination new knowledge.
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Gutierrez, Cassity, and Sara Johnston. "Fit for Population Health Service: Assessing the Change in Public Health Competencies of Interprofessional Undergraduate Health Sciences Students." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol7/iss1/3.
Abstract:
Background. A 2012 IOM report is just one of an increasing number of recommendations to incorporate a population health approach into training of all health professionals. In light of the emphasis on and necessity for all future health professionals to possess core public health competences, a medium sized public University incorporated Introduction to Public Health as a required course in their undergraduate, interprofessional Health Sciences curriculum.
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to assess the change in core public health competencies of undergraduate Health Sciences students who completed an Introduction to Public Health course.
Methods. The Tier 1 Public Health Professionals Competency Assessment was administered in the online Introduction to Public Health courses for undergraduate Health Sciences students; the pretest was administered during the first week and the posttest during the final week of the 15 week course. Purposive sampling was used to assess how the course increased the student’s acquisition of core public health competencies within the designated eight domains.
Results. Results of this study showed an increase in the competency scores of the participants from pre to posttest across all of the eight domains.
Conclusions. This study demonstrates that an Introduction to Public Health course can increase the core public health competencies of undergraduate Health Sciences students, and the Public Health Professionals Competency Assessment can be used to assess the acquisition of these competencies with and guide curriculum for future health care providers.
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Highsmith, McKenzie Calhoun, Jesse Gilreath, Peter Bockhorst, Kathleen White, and Beth Bailey. "Evaluation of an Innovative Transitional Care Clinic in an Interprofessional Teaching Practice." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol7/iss1/5.
Abstract:
During transitions of care, great opportunity exists for miscommunication, poor care coordination, adverse events, medication errors and unnecessary healthcare utilization costing billions of dollars annually. An Interprofessional Transitions of Care (IPTC) clinic was developed utilizing a Family Medicine team that included physicians, nurses, a clinical social worker, and a clinical pharmacist. The purpose of this study was to determine if utilization of an IPTC clinic prevented hospital readmission, and to identify factors that predict most benefit from an interprofessional approach to transitions of care. A retrospective chart review of 1,001 patients was completed. A treatment group (TG) of 501 patients were offered IPTC clinic appointments following hospital discharge. A control group (CG) of 500 patients were hospitalized and received traditional follow-up prior to development of the IPTC clinic. Traditional follow-up typically consisted of an automated appointment reminder and a physician office visit. Outcomes assessed included 30-day hospital readmission of TG versus CG, and whether patient characteristics predisposed specific patient groups to attend IPTC appointments or benefit more from IPTC participation. Compared with CG, patients who completed an IPTC appointment were 48% less likely to be readmitted to the hospital within 30 days. Patients with congestive heart failure and cellulitis particularly benefited from IPTC. Telephone contact within two business days of discharge was the greatest predictor of patients attending an IPTC appointment. These results demonstrate that an interprofessional approach to transitions in care effectively addresses this high risk for error and high cost time in the continuum of care.
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Collier, Angela. "Approachability of the Nursing Clinical Instructor: Psychometric Assessment of a Scale Development." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol7/iss1/2.
Abstract:
Approachability of nursing clinical instructors is largely unknown and misunderstood, yet critical for millennial students which currently comprise 82% of nursing students (National League for Nursing, 2014). Nursing education consists of both a didactic and a clinical component. Clinical education is dynamic and allows the student an experiential learning opportunity. Therefore, clinical nursing educators are vitally important. Approachability has been identified in many studies as a leading characteristic of an effective instructor. Although the importance of approachability of the instructor is established, currently no scale exists to measure this concept. The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the newly developed Approachability of Nursing Clinical Instructor (ANCI) scale. Based on the results of this study, the newly developed ANCI scale meets all four aspects of validity (face, content, construct and criterion-related) and reliability is established. The confirmatory analysis indicated a one-factor scale with 56.102 of the variance explained. There are multiple future recommendations for the ANCI scale which include further psychometric testing the new scale, potential theory testing, education and screening of new clinical instructors and expanding the ANCI within nursing and to other disciplines.
29
Andrus, Miranda R., Emily A. Powell, Katherine Moody, and Taylor D. Steuber. "The Impact of an International Interprofessional Experience on Perceptions of Pharmacist-Physician Relationships." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol7/iss1/4.
Abstract:
Objective. To assess the impact of this international interprofessional learning experience on perceptions of pharmacist-physician relationships and interprofessional teams.
Methods. Medical and pharmacy students completed a one-week interprofessional medical mission experience in the Dominican Republic. Anonymous surveys were administered to 17 students before and after completion to measure perceptions of pharmacist-physician relationships and interprofessional teams. Responses were matched and changes in perceptions were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. The SPICE-R2 instrument was administered after the experience to measure attitudes toward interprofessional teams.
Results. Of the 17 participants, 100% responded to all surveys. Significant improvements were seen in the perception of pharmacists as an integral part of medical mission trips (P=0.035) and confidence in the ability to communicate with other healthcare disciplines (P=0.033). All students stated they would recommend this experience, and agreed that interprofessional experiences enhance their team work skills and should be incorporated into their education. Student comments supported that this was a meaningful and effective interprofessional experience. The results of the SPICE-R2 demonstrated positive attitudes about interprofessional teams, with all questions having a median score of “agree” or “strongly agree.”
Conclusions. An international interprofessional experience improved the perception of pharmacist-physician relationships. The experience provided understanding of the other healthcare discipline, an appreciation for the importance of interprofessional teamwork, increased student confidence in communicating with the other discipline, and cultivated interest in future interprofessional collaboration.
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Singh, Jitendra, and Tracy Eisenschenk. "A Thematic Analysis of the Attitudes and Perceptions of Faculty Towards Inclusion of Interprofessional Education in Healthcare Curriculum." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol8/iss1/1.
Abstract:
This qualitative study aimed to explore attitudes and perceptions of faculty towards inclusion of interprofessional education (IPE) in healthcare curriculum. Efforts were made to explore faculty members’ definition of IPE, significance of including IPE in content and curriculum and resources available to implement such initiatives in healthcare education programs. Further, challenges faced while including IPE in curriculum were also explored. Face to face semi structured interviews were conducted, and a six-step thematic analysis framework was utilized to analyze the collected data. Further, four dimension criteria was utilized to establish the rigor of the study. Eleven participants across undergraduate and graduate health profession programs participated in in-depth semi structured interviews. Findings suggest that faculty defined IPE through the framework of teamwork, the integration of clinical and non-clinical health-based disciplines, and as a means to foster experiential learning. Faculty identified organizational support, culture, the healthcare industry, administration, and accreditation as both resources and barriers to the successful implementation of IPE. Because there is paucity of research on IPE in clinical and non-clinical health disciplines, this research can provide practical tips to both academic administrators and faculty members.
31
Hess, Rick, Kelly L. Covert, McKenzie Calhoun Highsmith, Jennifer Trotter, and Brian Cross. "Effectiveness of an Adapted Virtual Medication Reconciliation OSCE Compared with In Person OSCE." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol8/iss1/2.
Abstract:
Introduction:
The objective of this study was to measure virtually-based objective structured clinical exam (OSCE) pass rates of student pharmacists who received remote, synchronous instruction on medication reconciliation compared with OSCE pass rates from the previous class, who received face to face synchronous instruction and OSCEs. The secondary objective was to measure student perceptions of remote instruction and OSCE preparation.
Materials and Methods:
Second year student pharmacists attended four online preparatory labs to learn and practice the process of performing a medication reconciliation. A virtually-based OSCE was used to assess student competency of identifying the primary or life-threatening medication related problem (MRP). Failing to identify the MRP represented a “kill point” and an automatic failing grade. A brief 10-item survey designed to measure student perceptions was sent to all participants post OSCE.
Results:
Seventy-seven students completed the OSCE and the overall pass rates were similar between the 2020 and 2019 class years (97% vs 94%, respectively; p = 0.24). Survey responses showed students lacked confidence, preferred face-to-face learning rather than online and most described their remote environments as not conducive to learning.
Conclusion:
Online instruction and assessment was at least as effective as traditional face-to-face methods. however the virtual-based platform was not preferred by learners.
32
Cuy, Castellanos Diana, Haozhou Pu, and Rachel Piero. "Development and implementation of an evaluation tool for measuring Cultural Competency learning activities in Health and Sport Science undergraduate students." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol8/iss1/3.
Abstract:
Due to the diversity within the healthcare system, it is important to promote cultural competency in healthcare providers. The integration of pedagogical approaches to cultural competency into health-related programs cannot be understated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to examine the student engagement in cultural competency-related activities within health-related degree programs and determine the relationship between engagement and cultural competency. Participants of the study included first- and fourth-year undergraduate students studying within a health-related program at a mid-sized, private university in the Midwestern US. Participants completed a cultural competency inventory questionnaire which included activities identified from prior studies that facilitated cultural competency learning. They also completed The Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competence For Healthcare Professionals -Student Version (IAPCC-SV, 2009); a measure of cultural competency. Using the exploratory factor analysis, the Cultural Learning Inventory (CLI) indicated a 4-factor construct with adequate construct detection. Overall, three of the four CLI constructs were positively associated with overall cultural competency. Further, first-year students had lower CLI and cultural competency scores compared to fourth year students. In conclusion, promoting learning activities and programs can positively impact future cultural competency in health-related professionals.
33
McHenry, Kristen, S. Alicia Williams, Florence M. Weierbach, Kate E. Beatty, and Brian Cross. "From Opportunity to Necessity: Development of an Asynchronous Online Interprofessional Learning Experience." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol8/iss1/4.
Abstract:
Incorporating interprofessional collaboration competencies into both undergraduate pre-licensure and graduate health science students poses challenges for academic health science centers. Certain student groups may have less opportunity to participate in interprofessional learning experiences due to demands of individual programs of study and conflicts in scheduling time with other disciplines. A group of interprofessional higher education faculty members created an innovative online asynchronous interprofessional experience with the primary goals of meeting accreditation standards for specific programs and providing interprofessional education (IPE) to students who were unable to participate in traditional face-to-face IPE experiences already established at the institution. This guide will highlight the process of design and development of the learning opportunity, from conception to implementation. The pilot of the asynchronous online IPE experience served as a model for the transition of the original in-person model to virtual IPE during the COVID-19 pandemic.
34
Nehring, Wendy M., and Jacek Smurzynski. "Letter from Co-Editors." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol1/iss1/1.
35
Cameron, Nancy G. "Online Orientation and Reference Course for Online Master of Science in Nursing Program." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol1/iss1/2.
Abstract:
Preloading student satisfaction and success factors into an online program orientation course can strengthen the potential for student retention and success. A 100% online graduate nursing orientation and guidance program was developed. Access to peer support, faculty advisor, and university resources were provided within the course using the same learning management system as the program. Students were taught the basic structure of courses (including discussions, quizzes, and dropbox) to ease the stress of the first few weeks of class. Graduate study requirements and expectations were explained along with the differences between online and face-to-face study. Guidance was provided to assist students in balancing work, life, and study. Students report decreased anxiety and increased comfort with graduate online education, increased self confidence, and feelings of support.
36
Loury, Sharon, Mchael Bradfield, Joseph Florence, Kenneth Silver, Karin Hoffman, and Alexis Andino. "Addressing the Health of Hispanic Migrant Farmworkers in Rural East Tennessee Through Interprofessional Education, Experiential Learning, and a University/Community Partnership." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol1/iss1/3.
Abstract:
The concept of interprofessional practice and education is not new but has recently gained attention as the result of a paradigm shift in the future of healthcare and how it is delivered and financed. Universities are now addressing ways to incorporate interprofessional education and learning experiences into the curriculum to ensure graduating healthcare professionals are competent to collaborate as a team and deliver quality effective healthcare.
A regional research university in East Tennessee with health programs across five Health Science colleges (Clinical and Rehabilitative Health Sciences, Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, and Public Health), Psychology, and Social Work has offered an interprofessional rural course for more than six years. The two-semester course is focused on vulnerable or underserved populations and rural communities in the south central Appalachian region. Each course section comprised of 8 to 10 students is led by a team of two or more faculty who represent a cross section of healthcare disciplines and focuses on a specific population or community. The student groups develop interprofessional working relationships among each other and faculty while partnering with rural communities. Using a community-based participatory research approach they prioritize health needs, and develop and implement evidence-based strategies to address the identified needs. Interprofessional education, cross cultural learning, and a university/community partnership within the context of the Hispanic migrant farmworker population are addressed in this paper. The course process, target population, cultural learning, and student outcomes are specifically discussed.
37
Nehring, Wendy M., Teressa Wexler, Faye Hughes, and Audry Greenwell. "Faculty Development for the Use of High-Fidelity Patient Simulation: A Systematic Review." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol1/iss1/4.
Abstract:
This is a systematic review of the research data between 1995 and June 2013 concerning faculty development in the use of high-fidelity patient simulation for health professionals and students with a search of the following databases: CINAHL, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, OVID Medline, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertation/Theses Database. The primary search terms were high-fidelity patient simulation and faculty development. Reference lists from relevant articles were also reviewed. Twenty-five studies were included for this review. The majority of the studies were surveys with a few quasi-experimental designs. The themes were similar to those found in the non-research literature: strengths, incentives, barriers, use of faculty champions/simulation coordinator, and faculty development. The validity and reliability differed by study. There are numerous incentives and barriers to the use of high-fidelity patient simulation by faculty. Several examples of faculty development programs have been described in the literature but little evaluation has taken place beyond the end of the program. The goal of the use of high-fidelity patient simulation is to enhance the student’s knowledge, skills, and critical thinking in the care of patients. It is essential that the faculty are competent to provide instruction with high-fidelity patient simulation and therefore, the efficacy of these developmental programs need closer attention.
38
Murray, Bethany A. "The Use of High-fidelity Simulation in Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Clinical Education." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol2/iss1/3.
Abstract:
Background: High-fidelity simulation recreates real-life situations in a safe learning environment and encourages critical thinking in students. Published research in simulation in psychiatric/mental health nursing is sparse.
Methods: Four scenarios exemplifying drug or alcohol abuse utilizing the computerized, mannequin SimMan® were implemented. Students evaluated their learning experience following completion of the simulation via a 20-item, Likert-scale survey which included open-ended questions.
Results: Results were positive. Students rated all items on the survey as “agree” or “strongly agree” (Mean 4.77, SD=0.55).
Conclusions: High fidelity clinical education simulations are an effective means of facilitating student learning of psychiatric and mental health clinical experiences. Students found simulation to be a useful and engaging means by which to learn to care for clients with drug or alcohol abuse disorders.
39
Mozen, Diana, William Dalton, Taylor McKeehan, and Deborah Slawson. "Report of a Curriculum Used in a Peer-Delivered Intervention to Reduce Obesity of Adolescents in Southern Appalachia and its Relationship to the National Health Education Standards." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol2/iss1/4.
Abstract:
Adolescent obesity in Southern Appalachian is among the highest in the nation. Even though adolescent obesity is a major public health concern, effective interventions are limited. Team Up for Healthy Living is a cluster-randomized control trial developed to test the effectiveness of a cross-peer intervention with high school students focusing on healthy eating and physical activity. This instructional article describes the 8-week curriculum developed and utilized by Team Up for Healthy Living with an emphasis on the relationship to National Health Education Standards. This is important given the standards were created to promote and support health-enhancing behaviors for students all across America. Findings showed that this intervention adhered highly to the National Health Education Standards. It may be important for future school based obesity prevention efforts to consider using these standards as a framework to help meet national health education goals.
40
Flores, Emily K., and Linsey A. Courtney. "Development of a Partnership for International Rural Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol2/iss1/5.
Abstract:
Objective. To design a faculty-guided international elective Advanced Pharmacy Practice Expereince (APPE) in partnership with a medical relief organization. To expose students to pharmacy-related opportunities in non-traditional settings focused on an indigent population, while obtaining a global perspective on healthcare.
Methods. The College of Pharmacy partnered with an international medical relief organization utilizing their resources for trip planning and in-country logistics to provide a framework for a pharmacy student rotation. The international trip is a portion of the calendar month rotation, while the balance is faculty-guided discussion groups, involvement in formulary planning, developing educational materials, and local medical relief work. Student course evaluations, exit interviews, and post-trip debriefing were used to evaluate the rotation experience.
Results. The APPE rotation met all pre-selected objectives outlined by the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. This is evidenced by complete submersion into a developing country’s culture and healthcare system as well as student course evaluation responses. Students evaluated seven rotation objectives with the College of Pharmacy’s Likert scale. The average score was 4.8 of 5, which demonstrated the student’s either agreed or strongly agreed that each objective was met. Additionally, the response to the exit interview and group de-briefing questions confirmed that the students successfully met the goals and objectives of the APPE rotation.
Conclusions. Partnering with an international medical organization can provide a framework for a faculty-guided international elective APPE experience, requiring minimal resources from the College of Pharmacy while providing a quality international experience.
41
Nehring, Wendy, and Jacek Smurzynski. "Letter from Co-Editors." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol2/iss1/1.
42
Dalton, William T. III, Karen Schetzina, and Elizabeth Conway-Williams. "A Coordinated School Health Approach to Obesity Prevention among Appalachian Youth: Middle School Student Outcomes from the Winning With Wellness Project." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol2/iss1/2.
Abstract:
The Winning With Wellness (WWW) project was a school-based obesity prevention program that was developed to promote healthy eating and physical activity in youth residing in rural Appalachia. The project was based on the Coordinated School Health model (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2013a) and used a community-based participatory research approach with an emphasis on feasibility and sustainability. The purpose of this study was to examine self-reported health outcomes for middle school students across the course of the intervention. Sixth grade middle school students (N = 149; 52% girls) from four schools in Northeast Tennessee completed a survey assessing demographic factors and health behaviors as well as the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL, Varni, Seid, & Kurtin, 2001) at baseline and follow-up, approximately 9-months after project implementation. Across the course of the intervention there were no statistically significant changes from baseline to follow-up in fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, or screen time. Further, there were no statistically significant changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The lack of change in health behaviors is similar to a recent study also emphasizing sustainability (Neumark-Sztainer, Story, Hannan, & Rex, 2003). Unlike in the current study, Palacio-Vieira and colleagues (2008) found HRQoL to significantly decline with age in a population-based sample of Spanish youth. It will be important to examine whether or not obesity interventions may ameliorate this effect as well as to test the feasibility and school/structural support for sustained intervention implementation at a level that promotes lifestyle change.
43
Greene, Amanda E., Andrew Dotterweich, Mauro Palmero, and Don Good. "A Survey of Social Media: Perceived Effectiveness in Marketing among Individual NASCAR Tracks." WSSUScholar, 2014. https://scholar.wssu.edu/ijmm/vol3/iss1/1.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the use of and attitudes toward social networking as a tool for use by NASCAR speedways and to gauge track perceptions on the effectiveness of social media as a marketing tool. Individual NASCAR tracks were surveyed (n=22, 84.6% response) to explore current track social media practices and the potential impact of social networking sites on NASCAR marketing and consumer relations. Results found that individual tracks as well as the two major ownership groups highly agreed about issues concerning the use of social media to increase sales and to develop fan bases. However, they also agree there are other marketing tactics that are still more effective than social media at this time.
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Fletcher, Tifani R., Andrea D. Clements, and Beth Bailey. "Identifying Intimate Partner Violence during Pregnancy in Prenatal Care Settings." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol3/iss1/3.
Abstract:
More than 324,000 women each year are estimated as having experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy. Correctly identifying women experiencing all forms and severity of IPV is necessary to inform the implementation of interventions to prevent and treat IPV. This can optimally be accomplished with data from accurate screening instruments. The United States Preventative Services Task force has recently recommended that all women who are pregnant should be screened for IPV over the course of their pregnancy and postnatal visits. Currently, clinical practice and research are hindered by the lack of validated IPV screening measurements for a pregnant population. The current review examined accuracy measures of empirically tested IPV screening measures, and evaluated them for use in prenatal health care settings. Based on the information collected and presented, recommendations regarding which screens are, and are not, appropriate to use in prenatal care settings to identify IPV were presented. Further rigorous studies are needed to identify and evaluate screening measurements and procedures to increase sensitivity and suitability for use in a variety of clinical settings for pregnant women.
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Miller, Kristi, Lisa Haddad, and Kenneth D. Phillips. "Educational Strategies for Reducing Medication Errors Committed by Student Nurses: A Literature Review." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol3/iss1/2.
Abstract:
Medication errors cause harm, yet most of them are preventable (Institute of Medicine, 2006). Nurses spend 40% of their time administering medications; therefore they play a key role in the reduction of medication errors. Little empirical evidence has been collected about the effectiveness of nursing education in reducing medication errors committed by nursing students. Traditional educational interventions focus on the five rights of medication administration; however, the literature shows that interventions focused on instilling a culture of safety have a greater impact on reducing medication errors. The purpose of this article is to review educational strategies that have been implemented and tested in pre-licensure nursing programs to reduce medication errors committed by nursing students.
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Haddad, Lisa, Jacek Smurzynski, and Kenneth D. Phillips. "Letter from Editors." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol3/iss1/1.
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Lee, Michelle L., April Stidham, Sarah Melton, Christine Mullins, and Sheila Smith. "Interprofessional Team Development in Student Led Clinics in Rural Northeast Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol4/iss1/4.
Abstract:
Background/Rationale - East Tennessee State University developed four interprofessional (IP) team-based education and practice clinics from within an already established network of nine nurse-managed clinics. The purpose of these IP clinic teams is to build capacity for interprofessional practice (IPP) and deliver effective health management to patients with multiple chronic conditions (MCC) through evidence-based practice to improve health outcomes in underserved populations.
Description of Innovative Approach - This project took the innovative approach of acknowledging the specialized knowledge, skills, and contributions of nursing, pharmacy, and nutrition specialties, empowering each discipline to be an active decision-maker in the healthcare team. The IP team embedded themselves in existing nurse managed clinics, conducting “student led” clinics at the various sites. A Clinical Fellows Model was utilized to enhance the students learning experience and to promote IPP upon graduation.
Challenges and Strategies of IP Team Development - During the first year of the project, the IP team overcame barriers with purposeful strategy which has created unique opportunities for the remaining grant period. Challenges and barriers were overcome with attention to building team collaboration through education and familiarity with working in the interprofessional setting.
Discussion – The Clinical Fellows Model was derived from four IP competencies: roles and responsibilities, values and ethics, teamwork, and communication. The student led IP clinics have grown in the number of sites and disciplines supporting East Tennessee State University’s vision of true interprofessional education and practice for managing patients with MCC.
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Knapke, Jacqueline M., Erin N. Haynes, and Lisa M. Vaughn. "Using Qualitative Methods to Improve Physician Research Training: Understanding the Student Perspective." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol4/iss1/3.
Abstract:
For several decades now, physician-scientists have been referred to as an “endangered species.” Many factors have contributed to the dearth of clinical investigators, and training programs in clinical research are just one tool in a multi-pronged strategy to increase the number of successful physician-scientists working in health research. A qualitative approach that analyzes students’ educational goals and experiences can help fill the gaps in our knowledge about how best to train aspiring physician-scientists. This study was an interpretive phenomenology that evaluated the Master of Science program in Clinical and Translational Research (MSCTR) at the University of Cincinnati. The purpose of the study was to allow students to articulate their expectations, needs, and experiences in the MSCTR. The study included a group level assessment (GLA) and document review. Findings suggest several reasons students enrolled in the MSCTR, as well as some areas for improvement in the program: more physician-centered classes, a more directed curriculum, and a more cohesive course plan overall. Conclusions from these recommendations are that student perspectives can inform decisions around curricula and instructional methods in powerful ways, particularly when combined with a qualitative methodological approach. This study revealed several insights into how faculty and administrators can more effectively train physicians in research methodology. Training should be as applied and relevant as possible to make it directly applicable to clinical practice. This goal could be enhanced if classes – particularly statistics classes – were more physician-oriented. The curriculum of a clinical research training program for clinicians should be clear and directed, but with some flexibility and space within the curriculum for classes within areas of specialization. Collaboration should be integrated throughout, and courses should follow a logical, interconnected sequence.
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Weeks, Susan Mace, and David Farmer. "Institutional Collaboration to Accelerate Interprofessional Education." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol4/iss1/2.
Abstract:
Evidence has been generated and synthesized to support enhanced outcomes in healthcare environments supportive of interprofessional practice. Despite the preponderance of evidence, many health professions education programs do not prepare their students for interprofessional practice. Multiple factors influence the integration of interprofessional education into a program’s curricular offerings including availability of potential partnering professions, conflicting schedules, lack of curricular alignment, and logistical challenges. This manuscript describes initiatives and innovations used to replace health profession and institutional silos with interprofessional and cross-institutional collaboration in Fort Worth, Texas, USA. While the initial point of connection involved the administrators and faculty members from Texas Christian University and the University of North Texas Health Science Center collaborating to create interprofessional training opportunities for health professions students, this collaboration continues to generate new innovations and cooperative initiatives. These initiatives include research projects supported by significant external funding awards and a decision by the leaders of the two institutions to collaborate to develop a new medical school.
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Nehring, Wendy. "Guest Editorial by Wendy M. Nehring, RN, PhD, FAAN, FAAIDD." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol4/iss1/1.