Relevant bibliographies by topics / Irradiationn

Academic literature on the topic 'Irradiationn'

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Published: 8 June 2024

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Irradiationn":

1

Mojtahedi, F., A. Pooladi, F. Sirati, E. Kaihani, Sh Akhlaghpour, M. Karimlou, I. Bagherizadeh, M. Fallah, S. Ghasemi Firouzabadi, and F. Behjati. "Abberant Lymphocytes Rate after Gamma-Irradiationn as a Biomarker of Breast Cancer." Sarem Journal of Reproductive Medicine 1, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/sjrm.1.3.89.

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Yin, B., and A. Forer. "Coordinated movements between autosomal half-bivalents in crane-fly spermatocytes: evidence that ‘stop’ signals are sent between partner half-bivalents." Journal of Cell Science 109, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.109.1.155.

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During anaphase-I in crane-fly spermatocytes, sister half-bivalents separate and move to opposite poles. When we irradiate a kinetochore spindle fibre with an ultraviolet microbeam, the associated half-bivalent temporarily stops moving and so does the partner half-bivalent with which it was paired during metaphase. To test whether a ‘signal’ is transmitted between partner half-bivalents we irradiated the spindle twice, once in the interzone (the region between separating partner half-bivalents) and once in a kinetochore fibre. For both irradiations we used light of wavelength 290 microns and a dose that, after irradiating a spindle fibre only, altered movement in 63% of irradiations (12/19); in 11 of the 12 cells both partner half-bivalents stopped moving after the irradiation. In control experiments we irradiated the interzone only: these irradiations generally did not stop chromosomal poleward motion but sometimes (14/29) caused poleward movement to each pole to be abruptly reduced to about half the velocity prior to irradiation. In double irradiation experiments we varied the order of the irradiations. In some double irradiation experiments we irradiated the interzonal region first and the spindle fibre second; in 75% (9/12) of the cells the half-bivalent associated with the irradiated fibre stopped moving while the partner half-bivalent moved normally, i.e. in 9/12 cells the interzonal irradiations uncoupled the movements of the partner half-bivalents. In other double irradiation experiments we irradiated the spindle fibre first and the interzone second: in 80% (4/5) of the cells the half-bivalents not associated with the irradiated spindle fibre resumed movement immediately after the irradiation while the other half-bivalent remained stopped. Interzonal irradiations therefore uncouple the poleward movements of sister half-bivalents and the uncoupling does not depend on the order of the irradiation. Our experiments suggest therefore that the irradiation of a spindle fibre causes negative (‘stop’) signals to be transmitted across the interzone and that irradiation of the interzone blocks the transmission of the stop signal.
3

Jadwiszczak, Jakub, Pierce Maguire, Conor P. Cullen, Georg S. Duesberg, and Hongzhou Zhang. "Effect of localized helium ion irradiation on the performance of synthetic monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (September 4, 2020): 1329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.117.

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Helium ion irradiation is a known method of tuning the electrical conductivity and charge carrier mobility of novel two-dimensional semiconductors. Here, we report a systematic study of the electrical performance of chemically synthesized monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) field-effect transistors irradiated with a focused helium ion beam as a function of increasing areal irradiation coverage. We determine an optimal coverage range of approx. 10%, which allows for the improvement of both the carrier mobility in the transistor channel and the electrical conductance of the MoS2, due to doping with ion beam-created sulfur vacancies. Larger areal irradiations introduce a higher concentration of scattering centers, hampering the electrical performance of the device. In addition, we find that irradiating the electrode–channel interface has a deleterious impact on charge transport when contrasted with irradiations confined only to the transistor channel.
4

Kotsina, Z., G. Apostolopoulos, K. Mergia, S. Messoloras, A. Lagoyannis, and S. Harissopulos. "Radiation damage studies of Fe-Cr alloys for Fusion applications using ion beams." HNPS Proceedings 20 (December 1, 2012): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2487.

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Ferritic-martensitic steels are considered as prime candidates for the first wall and blanket structural materials in future Fusion Power Plants. They are based on Fe-Cr alloys with Cr concentration up to 15%. Therefore, as a first step towards understanding the irradiation behaviour of these steels, the study of pure Fe-Cr alloys as a model system plays an important role. The flexibility offered by ion beams in accurately defining irradiation conditions, allows us to perform controlled experiments that will aid in the validation of recent theories of radiation damage.Radiation damage studies of Fe-Cr alloys were performed at the TANDEM accelerator of NCSR "Demokritos" by using a 5MeV proton beam directly on the sample and reaching fluences of ~1016 protons/cm2. A specialized irradiation facility has been developed at the TANDEM accelerator with good control of irradiation temperature and with the additional capability of measuring the electrical resistivity of the sample in-situ during irradiation, to directly asses the radiation damage evolution. Proton irradiations were carried out from cryogenic temperatures of 40K up to 400K. In alloys under irradiation, apart from the lattice damage created by the irradiating particles, the large amount of energy imparted locally to atomic sites may lead to a redistribution of solutes. It is expected that at cryogenic temperature solute redistribution will be greatly suppressed, since atomic movement is completely "frozen". Comparing the results of low and high temperature irradiations enables us to distinguish between the two sources of radiation induced changes to the alloy.
5

Tripathi, S. K., Jagdish Kaur, R. Ridhi, Kriti Sharma, and Ramneek Kaur. "Radiation Induced Effects on Properties of Semiconducting Nanomaterials." Solid State Phenomena 239 (August 2015): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.239.1.

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The irradiation of nanomaterials with energetic particles has significant effects on the properties of target materials. In addition to the well-known detrimental effects of irradiations, they have also some beneficial effects on the properties of nanomaterials. Irradiation effect can change the morphology of the materials in a controlled manner and tailor their mechanical, structural, optical and electrical properties. Irradiation induced modifications in the properties of nanomaterials can be exploited for many useful applications. With the aim of getting better performance of electronic devices, it is necessary to discuss the irradiation induced changes in the nanomaterials. In order to improve the irradiation hardness of electronic components, it is also crucial to have a fundamental understanding of the impact of the irradiation on the defect states and transport properties of the host material. In the present article, we review some recent advances on the irradiation induced effects on the properties of semiconducting nanomaterials. We have reviewed the effect of different types of irradiations which includes γ-irradiation, electron beam irradiation, laser irradiation, swift heavy ion irradiations, thermal induced, and optical induced irradiations, etc. on the various properties of semiconducting nanomaterials. In addition, the irradiation induced defects are also discussed.
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Girard-Perier, Nina, Samuel Dorey, Sylvain R. A. Marque, and Nathalie Dupuy. "Mapping the scientific research on the ionizing radiation impacts on polymers (1975–2019)." e-Polymers 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2021-0065.

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Abstract A bibliometric approach allowed us to study the global research trend on the impact of ionizing irradiations on polymers from 1975 to 2019. The investigation revealed 1,015 publications with growing interest since 1990. The research is split into three main categories: polymer science, nuclear science technology, and chemistry physical. The three main ionizing irradiations studied in this research are gamma, electron beam, and X-ray irradiations. The impact of ionizing irradiations on polymers under gamma irradiation is the most commonly studied field with 578 publications among the 1,015 publications. Electron beam irradiation is the second most studied field followed by X-ray irradiation. Whatever the irradiation modalities, publications focus on material degradation and material improvement studies.
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Rodriguez Gual, Maritza, Amir Zacarias Mesquita, Edson Ribeiro, and Pablo Andrade Grossi. "Shielding Verifications for a Gamma Irradiation Facility Considering the Installation of a New Automatic Product Loading System." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7408645.

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A new system has been designed to automatically load the samples to be irradiated at the gamma irradiation facility of the Nuclear Technology Development Centre (CDTN) at Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The objective of this system is the optimization of the experiments performed at the Gamma Irradiation Laboratory for short-time irradiations without interruption of the irradiator cycles. The installation of this new system requires the opening of a hole at the labyrinth door to allow the loading of irradiating products. Due to this alteration on the original design, the door opening into the labyrinth requires shielding verification. The dose rate with the door open is calculated using Monte Carlo MCNPX v 2.6.0 code. The Monte Carlo source simulations were validated with experimental measurements of dose rate. The simulation demonstrated that a hole can be opened at the labyrinth entrance when installing an automatic loading system. Not only does it comply with dose constraint requirements, but it also complies with national and international standards.
8

Li, Cheng Liang, Guo Gang Shu, Jing Li Yan, Wei Liu, and Yuan Gang Duan. "Effects of Neutron, Ion and Proton Irradiation on Nano-Indentation Hardness of RPV Steels." Materials Science Forum 999 (June 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.999.39.

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The irradiation embrittlement damage of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel is one of its primary failure mechanisms. In this work, neutron, ion and proton irradiation experiments were carried on the same commercial RPV steels with the same irradiation fluence under the same temperature of 292°C. Then the nano-indentation hardness tests were performed on the RPV steel before and after irradiation. The results show that the irradiation hardening effects are observed by means of nano-indentation technique under the above three irradiations, and the hardening features are basically the same. While the max variation and increase rate are obviously different between those irradiations. It is found that the main reason of the above differences are caused by different energies of irradiation energetic particles, resulting in different types and quantities of defects. The conclusions in this paper are helpful to select and compare different irradiation experiments to the research of RPV steels irradiation embrittlement damage.
9

Huang, Yuan Ming, Fu Fang Zhou, and Bao Gai Zhai. "Effects of Red and Green Laser Irradiations on the Optical Properties of an Azo-Containing Bent-Core Liquid Crystal." Key Engineering Materials 428-429 (January 2010): 588–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.428-429.588.

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With the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, we have investigated the effects of red laser (633 nm) and green laser (532 nm) irradiations on the optical absorption of the ethyl alcohol solutions of an azo-containing bent-core liquid crystal. As the irradiation duration increases, the optical absorptions at about 360 nm of the bent-core compound exhibit concentration dependent and irradiation-time dependent features. The absorptions of dilute solutions (~2.2 mg/litter) are not sensitive to the laser irradiation duration whereas the absorptions of higher concentrations (~10 mg/litter) decrease as the laser irradiation continues. Our results have demonstrated that laser irradiation induced thermolysis is responsible for the dissociation of the azo-linkages in azo-containing bent-core compound. The mechanisms on the red and green light irradiations are discussed.
10

Munir, Muhammad Tanveer, and Michel Federighi. "Control of Foodborne Biological Hazards by Ionizing Radiations." Foods 9, no. 7 (July 3, 2020): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9070878.

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Ionization radiations are used to ensure food safety and quality. This irradiation process uses ions of beta or gamma rays to inactivate or destroy the food spoilage pests, microorganisms and their toxins without significantly increasing the temperature of the treated product. Meanwhile, various intrinsic and extrinsic factors are involved in determining the efficacy of ionization irradiation against these organisms. Therefore, the dose of radiations is recommended according to the type of irradiation, substrate and microorganisms. However, controversies are surrounding the use of irradiations in the food industry due to a negative perception of irradiations. This manuscript described the use of ionization radiations to control the foodborne biological hazards and increase shelf life. Firstly, the characteristics and mode of action of irradiations were discussed. Secondly, the role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors influencing the radioresistance of biological hazards were elaborated. This literature review also detailed the differential effects of irradiations on different microorganisms and pests having a role in food safety and deterioration. Finally, the regulatory status and the consumer values along with the controversies surrounding the use of ionization irradiations in the food sector were explained.
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Irradiationn":

1

Almayrac, Matthieu. "Volatile element behaviour in cometary ice analogues under irradiation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0320.

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Les comètes sont parmi les corps les plus primitifs et inaltérés de notre système solaire. Leur étude peut fournir un aperçu unique de la composition chimique du système solaire primitif. De plus, en raison de leur nature riche en élément volatils, les comètes ont probablement joué un rôle crucial dans l'apport d'éléments pré-biotiques (H, C, N et O) et de matières organiques à la Terre primitive. Comprendre comment se forment les comètes peut donc fournir une mine d'informations sur l'évolution de la composition des éléments volatils dans le système solaire, depuis le nuage moléculaire pré-solaire jusqu'à la formation des planètes telluriques. Des décennies d'études cométaires, et la récente mission Rosetta de l'ESA sur la comète 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G), ont démontré que les espèces volatiles piégées dans les comètes ont une composition distincte de tout autre réservoir connu du système solaire. L'azote cométaire, en particulier, présente de forts enrichissements en isotope 15N. L'origine de ces enrichissements reste incertaine, reflétant potentiellement la présence de processus permettant de produire de forts fractionnements isotopiques d'un gaz nébulaire initial pauvre en 15N, ou l'héritage d'un réservoir isotopique riche en 15N inconnu. Au cours de cette thèse, j'ai développé une expérience pour former des glaces cométaires (c'est-à-dire des glaces riches en eau formées à des températures et des pressions très basses), avec l'objectif principal d'explorer comment les éléments volatils (l'azote et les gaz nobles) sont incorporés dans les glaces cométaires à partir de la nébuleuse proto-solaire. Différentes températures de formation (de 28K à 80K) et conditions d'irradiation ont été testées afin d'étudier les paramètres reproduisant le plus fidèlement la composition de la comète 67P/C-G. Les analogues de glace cométaires formés expérimentalement autour de 70K ont des abondances relatives d'azote et de gaz nobles plus proches de celles mesurées dans 67P/C-G que les analogues formés à plus basses températures (≤ 60K). De plus, j'ai mis en évidence que les processus d'incorporation de l'azote et des gaz nobles dans la glace et leur libération ultérieure ne produisent pas de variations isotopiques significatives. Cela indique que les signatures isotopiques des comètes ont très probablement été héritées de leur environnement de formation, et ne résultent pas de processus de fractionnements isotopiques pendant la formation/sublimation de la glace. Enfin, j'ai également étudié l'effet que l'irradiation UV peut avoir sur la composition des gaz piégés dans la glace cométaire. L'irradiation pendant et après le dépôt de glace n'a que peu d'effet sur la composition isotopique des espèces volatiles piégées. Cependant, l'irradiation de la surface de la glace a un effet majeur sur le schéma de libération des gaz piégés. Une glace irradiée conserve ses éléments volatils piégés à des températures supérieures à la température de transition de la glace amorphe à cristalline (120-140K), à l'inverse d'une glace non-irradiée. La rétention prolongée des gaz piégés dans les glaces cométaires irradiées peut avoir des implications majeures sur la capacité des comètes à contribuer à l'apport d'éléments volatils aux planètes du système solaire interne
Comets represent some of the most pristine and unprocessed bodies in our solar system. As such, their analysis can provide a unique insight into the chemical makeup of the early Solar System. Furthermore, due to their volatile-rich nature, comets may have played an important role in delivering volatile elements (e.g., H, C, N, O) and organic materials to early Earth. Understanding how comets form can therefore provide a wealth of information on how the composition of volatile elements evolved in the solar system, from the pre-solar molecular cloud up until the formation of the terrestrial planets. Decades of cometary studies, and the recent ESA Rosetta mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G), have demonstrated that volatile species trapped in comets have a composition that is distinct from any other known reservoir in the Solar System. Cometary nitrogen, in particular, shows strong enrichments in the rare 15N isotope. The origin of these enrichments remains unclear, potentially reflecting the isotopic fractionation of an initial 15N-poor nebular gas, or inheritance from an unknown isotopic reservoir. During this PhD, I have developed an experimental setup to form cometary ices (i.e., water-rich ices formed at very low temperatures and pressures), with the overarching objective of exploring how volatile elements (including N and noble gases) were incorporated into cometary ice during water condensation from the protosolar nebula. Different temperatures of formation (from 28K to 80K) and irradiation conditions have been tested in order to investigate the conditions that best reproduce the actual volatile composition of comet 67P/C-G. It was found that condensing cometary ice analogues at temperatures ~70K is best able to reproduce the nitrogen and noble gas abundances measured in 67P/C-G. Moreover, we discovered that the incorporation of nitrogen and noble gases into, and subsequent release from, cometary ices does not produce significant isotope variations, indicating that isotope signatures in comets were most likely inherited from their environment of formation rather than the result of fractionation during ice formation. Finally, I also investigated the effect that UV irradiation can have on the composition of volatiles trapped within cometary ice. Irradiation during and after ice deposition was found to not have a significant effect on the isotopic composition of the trapped volatile species. However, it was discovered that irradiating the surface of the ice had a major effect on the release pattern of trapped volatiles, with the ice being retentive of trapped volatiles even after the amorphous-to-crystalline ice transition (120-140K), temperatures at which point all trapped volatiles are released from non-irradiated ice. The enhanced retention of volatiles in irradiated cometary ice may have major implications on the potential for comets to deliver volatile elements to the inner solar system
2

Muggiolu, Giovanna. "Deciphering the biological effects of ionizing radiations using charged particle microbeam : from molecular mechanisms to perspectives in emerging cancer therapies." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0599/document.

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Ces dernières années, le paradigme de la radiobiologie selon lequel les effets biologiques des rayonnements ionisants ne concernent strictement que les dommages à l'ADN et les conséquences liées à leur non réparation ou à leur réparation défectueuse, a été remis en question. Ainsi, plusieurs études suggèrent que des mécanismes «non centrés » sur l'ADN ont une importance significative dans les réponses radio-induites. Ces effets doivent donc être identifiés et caractérisés afin d’évaluer leurs contributions respectives dans des phénomènes tels que la radiorésistance, les risques associés au développement de cancers radio-induits, les conséquences des expositions aux faibles doses. Pour ce faire, il est nécessaire : (i) d'analyser la contribution de ces différentes voies de signalisation et réparation induites en fonction de la dose et de la zone d’irradiation; (ii) d’’étudier les réponses radio-induites suite à l’irradiation exclusive de compartiments subcellulaires spécifiques (exclure les dommages spécifiques à l'ADN nucléaire); (iii) d’améliorer la connaissance des mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans les phénomènes de radiosensibilité/radiorésistance dans la perspective d’optimiser les protocoles de radiothérapie et d’évaluer in vitro de nouvelles thérapies associant par exemple les effets des rayonnements ionisants et de nanoparticules d’oxydes métalliques. Les microfaisceaux de particules chargées offrent des caractéristiques uniques pour répondre à ces questions en permettant (i) des irradiations sélectives et en dose contrôlée de populations cellulaires et donc l’étude in vitro des effets « ciblés » et « non ciblés » à l'échelle cellulaire et subcellulaire, (ii) de caractériser l’homéostasie de cultures cellulaires en réponses à des expositions aux rayonnements ionisants et/ou aux nanoparticules d’oxydes métalliques (micro-analyse chimique multi-élémentaire). Ainsi, au cours de ma thèse, j'ai validé et exploité des méthodes d’évaluation qualitatives et quantitatives (i) in cellulo et en temps réel de la réponse radio-induite de compartiments biologiques spécifiques (ADN, mitochondrie, …) ; (ii) in vitro de la radiosensibilité de lignées sarcomateuses issues de patients; et (iii) in vitro des effets induits par des expositions à des nanoparticules d'oxydes métalliques afin d’évaluer leur potentiel thérapeutique et anti-cancéreux
Few years ago, the paradigm of radiation biology was that the biological effects of ionizing radiations occurred only if cell nuclei were hit, and that cell death/dysfunction was strictly due to unrepaired/misrepaired DNA. Now, next this “DNA-centric” view several results have shown the importance of “non-DNA centered” effects. Both non-targeted effects and DNA-targeted effects induced by ionizing radiations need to be clarified for the evaluation of the associated radiation resistance phenomena and cancer risks. A complete overview on radiation induced effects requires the study of several points: (i) analyzing the contribution of different signaling and repair pathways activated in response to radiation-induced injuries; (ii) elucidating non-targeted effects to explain cellular mechanisms induced in cellular compartments different from DNA; and (iii) improving the knowledge of sensitivity/resistance molecular mechanisms to adapt, improve and optimize the radiation treatment protocols combining ionizing radiations and nanoparticles. Charged particle microbeams provide unique features to answer these challenge questions by (i) studying in vitro both targeted and non-targeted radiation responses at the cellular scale, (ii) performing dose-controlled irradiations on a cellular populations and (iii) quantifying the chemical element distribution in single cells after exposure to ionizing radiations or nanoparticles. By using this tool, I had the opportunity to (i) use an original micro-irradiation setup based on charged particles microbeam (AIFIRA) with which the delivered particles are controlled in time, amount and space to validate in vitro methodological approaches for assessing the radiation sensitivity of different biological compartments (DNA and cytoplasm); (ii) assess the radiation sensitivity of a collection of cancerous cell lines derived from patients in the context of radiation therapy; (iii) study metal oxide nanoparticles effects in cells in order to understand the potential of nanoparticles in emerging cancer therapeutic approaches
3

Lescoat, Marie-Laure. "Etude du comportement des nano-renforts des matériaux ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) sous irradiation : Approche analytique par des irradiations aux ions." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10167/document.

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Les aciers ferritiques/martensitiques renforcés par dispersion d’oxydes (ODS) sont envisagés pour le gainage combustible des réacteurs à neutrons rapides à caloporteur sodium de quatrième génération. Les nano-oxydes étant à l’origine de la très bonne tenue en fluage à haute température de ces matériaux, il est nécessaire de s’assurer de leur stabilité pour les conditions extrêmes d’irradiation (jusqu’à 200 dpa) et de température (400-700°C) envisagées en service. Ainsi, l’objectif de ces travaux est d’étudier le comportement de ces nano-renforts sous irradiation. Une approche analytique par des irradiations aux ions in-situ et ex-situ est appliquée aux matériaux ODS Fe18Cr1W0,4Ti +0,3 Y2O3 et Fe18Cr1W0,4Ti + 0.3 MgO. Les résultats obtenus montrent notamment que les nano-renforts Y-Ti-O sont capables de résister à de très fortes doses d’irradiation (237 dpa, 500°C) et également que la cohérence des interfaces oxyde/matrice pourrait jouer un rôle important sur le comportement des renforts sous irradiation (stabilité et recombinaison des défauts ponctuels)
Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) Ferritic-Martensitic (FM) alloys are expected to play an important role as cladding material in Generation IV sodium fast reactors operating in extreme temperature (400-500°C) and irradiation conditions (up to 200 dpa). Since nano-oxides give ODS steels their high-temperature strength, the stability of these particles is an important issue. The present study evaluate the radiation response of nano-oxides by the use of in-situ and ex-situ ion irradiations performed on both Fe18Cr1W0,4Ti +0,3 Y2O3 and Fe18Cr1W0,4Ti + 0.3 MgO ODS steels. In particular, the results showed that Y-Ti-O nano-oxides are quite stable under very high dose irradiation, namely 237 dpa at 500°C and, that the oxide interfacial structures are likely playing an important role on the behavior under irradiation (oxide stability and point defect recombination)
4

Petitdidier, Sébastien. "Etude de l'influence de stress électriques et d'irradiations neutroniques sur des HEMTs de la filière GaN." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORM2001/document.

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Les transistors HEMTs (High Electron Mobility Transistors) de la filière GaN sont destinés à des applications dans les domaines militaire et spatial. C’est pourquoi nous avons étudié l’influence de trois types de stress électriques : à canal ouvert, à canal pincé et NGB (Negative Gate Bias), ainsi que l’influence de neutrons thermalisés avec une fluence pouvant aller jusqu’à 1,7.1012 neutrons.cm-2, sur leurs performances électriques dc.Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié des HEMTs AlInN/GaN de laboratoire. Pour les trois stress, nous avons observé une dégradation due à la création de pièges accepteurs et donneurs au cours des différents stress et à la présence de pièges préexistants. Nous avons ensuite irradié ces composants par des neutrons thermalisés et avons observé une légère dégradation des performances électriques des transistors non stressés et stressés à canal ouvert ou pincé. En revanche, nous avons mis en lumière une légère amélioration pour les transistors ayant subi un stress NGB. Nous avons également irradié des MOS-HEMTs AlInN/GaN et conclu que ceux-ci étaient plus sensibles vis à vis des irradiations.Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons stressé de manière analogue des HEMTs AlGaN/GaN du commerce. Dans le cas du stress à canal ouvert, nous avons observé une diminution importante du courant de drain tandis que pour les stress à canal pincé et NGB le courant de drain augmente légèrement à cause d’une libération de pièges préexistants sous l’action du champ électrique vertical. Lors des irradiations avec des neutrons thermalisés, ces transistors, stressés ou non, subissent là encore des dégradations
The GaN based HEMTs (High Electron Mobility Transistors) are excellent candidates for military and spatial applications. That’s why we have analysed the influence of three different types of bias stress: on-state stress, off-state stress and NGB (Negative Gate Bias), and the influence of thermalized neutrons with a fluence up to 1.7x1012 neutrons.cm-2, on their dc electrical performances.First, we have studied laboratory AlInN/GaN HEMTs. For the three conditions of stress, we have observed a degradation due to pre-existing traps and to the creation of acceptor and donor traps during the stress. Then, we have irradiated these components with thermalized neutrons and we have found a small degradation of the electrical performances of unstressed and on-state stressed and off-state stressed transistors. On the other hand, we have highlighted a slight improvement for NGB stressed components. We have also irradiated AlInN/GaN MOS-HEMTs and we have concluded that they are more sensible to irradiation.In a second time we have stressed in the same way commercial AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. For the on-state stress, we have observed an important increase in the drain current. However, the drain current increases for the on-state and NGB stressed components due to a release of electrons from pre-existing traps under vertical electrical field. During the irradiation with thermalized neutrons, the unstressed and stressed transistors are degraded and a small decrease in the drain current is visible
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OKA, TOHRU, TOSHIO KANEDA, MINORU UEDA, and YASUNORI SUMI. "Effects of Irradiation on Grafted Skin : Vascular Changes after Irradiation." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17473.

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Misner, Scottie, Carol Curtis, and Evelyn Whitmer. "Irradiation of Food." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146430.

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2 pp.
Revised version of 1999 title by Meer and Misner
Food irradiation is the treatment of food by a certain type of intense energy known as ionizing radiation. This involves exposing bulk or packaged food to carefully controlled amounts of energy. Food does not come in contact with radioactive material. The publication discusses the technology of food irradiation including; the energy source, effect on foods, identifying treated foods, environmental concerns and approved uses in the U.S.
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Auvray, Marie-Hélène. "Endommagement sous irradiation de l'aluminate de lithium γ-LiALO₂." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112381.

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Cette étude est motivée par l'application potentielle de ce matériau comme couverture tritigene dans les réacteurs de fusion. Elle complète ainsi les études déjà effectuées sur la caractérisation et les mécanismes de production des défauts dans d'autres cristaux ioniques. Irradiation par des projectiles varies (électrons, ions he(+), protons, photons x et gamma) et étude par rpe et absorption optique (détection des défauts ponctuels crées) et par microscopie électronique par transmission (analyse des échantillons avant irradiation et observation des défauts étendus produits par irradiation)
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Parker, Kerry Ann. "Electron reconstruction and performance studies, search for a heavy Higgs boson decaying to four-leptons using the ATLAS detector, irradiations at the Birmingham Irradiation Facility for the HL-LHC." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14390/.

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Jouanny, Emilie. "Étude de l'évolution microstructurale sous irradiation aux ions Ti2+ de deux alliages de titane : lien avec les propriétés mécaniques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0071/document.

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Ce travail de thèse s’intéresse à l’évolution de la microstructure sous irradiation d’alliages de titane, en vue de leur potentielle utilisation dans le domaine du nucléaire. Une étude paramétrique (température, dose et flux d’irradiation) a donc été menée, à l’aide de simulations d’irradiations neutroniques par des irradiations aux ions (plateforme JANNuS – Saclay), sur les alliages T40 et TA6V, et de caractérisations microstructurales qualitatives et quantitatives post irradiation (MET, analyse d’image, SAT). Ainsi, différents défauts d’irradiation ont été identifiés. En particulier, la présence de boucles à composante dans l’alliage T40 et de précipités riches en vanadium dans l’alliage TA6V a clairement pu être mise en évidence dès la température de 300°C. La microstructure résultante est fortement dépendante des paramètres d’irradiation et de l’alliage de titane considéré. Un effet important de la température (entre 300°C et 430°C) a été noté sur les boucles de dislocations de type pour l’alliage T40 et sur les précipités pour l’alliage TA6V. Les doses et les flux considérés à 300°C ne modifient pas la distribution des défauts des deux alliages. A 430°C, l’augmentation de la dose modifie peu le paysage des boucles de dislocations de type pour l’alliage TA6V contrairement à l’alliage T40. Les précipités, quant à eux ne semblent pas affectés par l’augmentation de la dose. Une analyse des mécanismes mis en jeu est proposée. Enfin, des essais de nano-indentation ont permis une première description du lien microstructure / propriétés mécaniques. A 430°C, l'alliage T40 ne semble pas être impacté mécaniquement par l’évolution de la microstructure avec la dose d’irradiation contrairement à l'alliage TA6V
This PhD work deals with microstructural evolution of titanium alloys under irradiation, due to their potential use in the nuclear field. Parametric study (temperature, dose and irradiation flux) was conducted, using ion irradiations (JANNuS – Saclay platform) to simulate neutron irradiation damage. Two titanium alloys (CP Ti grade 2 and Ti-6Al-4V) were considered and qualitative and quantitative post irradiation microstructural characterizations were done (TEM, image analysis, APT). Thus, various irradiation defects were identified. In particular, presence of -component loops was highlighted in CP Ti grade 2 and vanadium-rich precipitates in Ti-6Al-4V from the temperature of 300°C. Resulting microstructure is hardly depending on irradiation parameters and considered titanium alloys. Important effect of temperature (between 300°C and 430°C) was noted on -type dislocation loops in CP Ti grade 2 and precipitates in Ti-6Al-4V. At 300°C, dose and flux have no effect on the defect distribution of the two titanium alloys. At 430°C, the increase of dose has a little consequence on the -type dislocation loops in Ti-6Al-4V, contrary to the ones observed in CP Ti grade 2. Precipitates, observed in Ti-6Al-4V, do not seem to be affected by the increase of the dose. Analysis of involved mechanisms is proposed. Finally, nano-indentation tests have allowed to get first description of the link between microstructure and mechanical properties. At 430°C, CP Ti grade 2 do not seem to be affected mechanically by the microstructural evolution with the irradiation dose, contrary to Ti-6Al-4V
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Aitkaliyeva, Assel. "Irradiation Stability of Carbon Nanotubes." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-3251.

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Books on the topic "Irradiationn":

1

Gunderson, Leonard L., Christopher G. Willet, Louis B. Harrison, and Felipe A. Calvo, eds. Intraoperative Irradiation. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-696-6.

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Gunderson, Leonard L., Christopher G. Willett, Felipe A. Calvo, and Louis B. Harrison, eds. Intraoperative Irradiation. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7.

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3

Baines, Priscilla. Food irradiation. (London): House of Commons Library, Research Division, 1989.

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Urbain, Walter M. Food irradiation. Orlando: Academic Press, 1986.

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Stuart, Thorne, ed. Food irradiation. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1991.

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Worsnop, Richard L. Food Irradiation. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: CQ Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/cqresrre19920612.

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Genet, F. AUSTIN: Austenitic steel irradiation E145-02 irradiation report. Luxembourg: Commission ofthe European Communities, 1987.

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Clough, Roger L., and Shalaby W. Shalaby, eds. Irradiation of Polymers. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1996-0620.

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Ferreira, Isabel C. F. R., Amilcar L. Antonio, and Sandra Cabo Verde, eds. Food Irradiation Technologies. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788010252.

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Wong, Jeffrey Y. C., and Susanta K. Hui, eds. Total Marrow Irradiation. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38692-4.

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Book chapters on the topic "Irradiationn":

1

Pfeffer, M. R., D. Alezra, J. Goffman, and R. Spiegelmann. "Single-Fraction Stereotactic Irradiationn for Base of Skull Lesions." In Radiosurgery 1999, 220–26. Basel: KARGER, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000062316.

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Abe, Tomoko, Hiroyuki Ichida, Yoriko Hayashi, Ryouhei Morita, Yuki Shirakawa, Kotaro Ishii, Tadashi Sato, Hiroki Saito, and Yutaka Okumoto. "Ion beam mutagenesis - an innovative and effective method for plant breeding and gene discovery." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 411–23. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0042.

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Abstract We have developed a unique technology for mutation induction of plants using energetic ion beams at the RI Beam Factory (RIBF) of Rikagaku Kenkyūjo (RIKEN) (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research). Ion beams effectively induce mutations at relatively low doses without severely inhibiting growth. The irradiation treatment can be given to various plant materials and mutation can be induced in a short time, between seconds and a few minutes. The linear energy transfer (LET) of ions depends on the nuclide and velocity. Since LET value affects the mutation frequency, it is an important parameter to determine the most effective irradiation condition in mutagenesis. We determined the most effective dose in each LET for mutation induction in imbibed rice seeds. Subsequently, we analysed the mutated DNA responsible for the phenotype in morphological mutants. Most of the mutations were small deletions of less than 100 bp. Irradiations of C-ions and Ne-ions are effective for plant breeding because of the very high mutation rate and sufficient energy to disrupt a single gene. On the other hand, all mutations induced by Ar-ion (290 keV/μm) irradiation were large deletions ranging from 176 bp to approximately 620 kb. The average number of mutations in the target exon regions was 7.3, 8.5 and 4.3 per M3 mutant plant in C-ions, Ne-ions and Ar-ions, respectively. The number of mutations induced by heavy-ion irradiation was relatively small. We could identify six responsible genes for eight mutants induced by C-ion and Ne-ion irradiations and two responsible genes for four mutants induced by Ar-ion irradiation. Three of these were genes not previously described.
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Zhou, Li-bin, Yan Du, Zhuo Feng, Tao Cui, Xia Chen, Shan-wei Luo, Yu-ze Chen, et al. "Comparative study of mutations induced by carbon-ion beams and gamma-ray irradiations in Arabidopsis thaliana at the genome-wide scale." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 451–58. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0046.

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Abstract Mutation breeding induced by irradiation with highly energetic photons and ion beams is one of the important methods to improve plant varieties, but the mutagenic effects and molecular mechanisms are often not entirely clear. Traditional research is focused on phenotype screening, chromosome aberration tests and genetic variation analysis of specific genes. The whole genome sequencing technique provides a new method to understand and undertake the comprehensive identification of mutations caused by irradiations with different linear energy transfer (LET). In this study, ten Arabidopsis thaliana M3 lines induced by carbon-ion beams (CIB) and ten M3 lines induced by gamma-rays were re-sequenced by using the Illumina HiSeq sequencing platform, and the single base substitutions (SBSs) and small insertions or deletions (indels) were analysed comparatively. It was found that the ratio of SBSs to small indels for M3 lines induced by CIB was 2.57:1, whereas the ratio was 1.78:1 for gamma-rays. The ratios of deletions to insertions for carbon ions and gamma-rays were 4.8:1 and 2.8:1, respectively. The single-base indels were more prevalent than those equal to or greater than 2 bp in both CIB and gamma-ray induced M3 lines. Among the detected SBSs, the ratio of transitions to transversions induced by carbon-ion irradiation was 1.01 and 1.42 for gamma-rays; these values differ greatly from the 2.41 reported for spontaneous substitutions. This study provides novel data on molecular characteristics of CIB and gamma-ray induced mutations at the genome-wide scale. It can also provide valuable clues for explaining the potential mechanism of plant mutation breeding by irradiations with different LETs.
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Gunderson, Leonard L., Felipe A. Calvo, Christopher G. Willett, and Louis B. Harrison. "Rationale and Historical Perspective of Intraoperative Irradiation." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 3–26. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7_1.

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Sedlmayer, Felix, Jean-Bernard DuBois, Roland Reitsamer, Gerd Fastner, David Olilla, and Roberto Orecchia. "Breast Cancer." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 189–200. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7_10.

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Aristu, Javier, Felipe A. Calvo, Marta Moreno, Rafael Martínez, Jesús Herreros, María Esperanza Rodriguez, Jean-Bernard DuBois, and Scott Fisher. "Lung Cancer." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 201–22. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7_11.

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Martinez-Monge, Rafael, Miren Gaztañaga, Javier Álvarez-Cienfuegos, Robert C. Miller, and Felipe A. Calvo. "Gastric Cancer." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 223–48. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7_12.

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Miller, Robert C., Vincenzo Valentini, Adyr Moss, Giuseppe R. D’Agostino, Matthew D. Callister, Theodore S. Hong, Christopher G. Willett, and Leonard L. Gunderson. "Pancreas Cancer." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 249–71. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7_13.

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Todoroki, Takeshi, Gernot M. Kaiser, Wolfgang Sauerwein, and Leonard L. Gunderson. "Bile Duct and Gallbladder Cancer." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 273–95. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7_14.

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Arvold, Nils D., Theodore S. Hong, Christopher G. Willett, Paul C. Shellito, Michael G. Haddock, Harm Rutten, Vincenzo Valentini, Felipe A. Calvo, Brian Czito, and Leonard L. Gunderson. "Primary Colorectal Cancer." In Intraoperative Irradiation, 297–322. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-015-7_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Irradiationn":

1

Grover, S. Blaine, David A. Petti, and John T. Maki. "Mission and Status of the First Two Next Generation Nuclear Plant Fuel Irradiation Experiments in the Advanced Test Reactor." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30139.

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The United States Department of Energy’s Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Advanced Gas Reactor (AGR) Fuel Development and Qualification Program will be irradiating up to nine low enriched uranium (LEU) tri-isotopic (TRISO) particle fuel (in compact form) experiments in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). The ATR has a long history of irradiation testing in support of reactor development and the INL has been designated as the United States Department of Energy’s lead laboratory for nuclear energy development. These irradiations and fuel development are being accomplished to support development of the next generation reactors in the United States, and the irradiations will be completed over the next five to six years to support demonstration and qualification of new TRISO coated particle fuel for use in high temperature gas reactors. The goals of the irradiation experiments are to provide irradiation performance data to support fuel process development, to qualify fuel for normal operating conditions, to support development and validation of fuel performance and fission product transport models and codes, and to provide irradiated fuel and materials for post irradiation examination (PIE) and safety testing. The experiments, which will each consist of multiple separate capsules, will be irradiated in an inert sweep gas atmosphere with individual on-line temperature monitoring and control of each capsule. The sweep gas will also have on-line fission product monitoring on its effluent to track performance of the fuel in each individual capsule during irradiation. The first experiment (designated AGR-1) started irradiation in December 2006 and completed a very successful irradiation in early November 2009. The second experiment (AGR-2) is currently being fabricated and assembled for insertion in the ATR in the early to mid calendar 2010. The design of test trains, the support systems and the fission product monitoring system used to monitor and control the experiment during irradiation will be discussed. In addition, the purpose and differences between the first two experiments will be compared, and updated information on the design and status of AGR-2 is provided. The preliminary irradiation results for the AGR-1 experiment are also presented.
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Grover, S. Blaine, David A. Petti, and Michael E. Davenport. "Status of the Combined Third and Fourth NGNP Fuel Irradiations in the Advanced Test Reactor." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16497.

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The United States Department of Energy’s Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Advanced Gas Reactor (AGR) Fuel Development and Qualification Program is irradiating up to seven low enriched uranium (LEU) tri-isotopic (TRISO) particle fuel (in compact form) experiments in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). These irradiations and fuel development are being accomplished to support development of the next generation reactors in the United States. The experiments will be irradiated over the next several years to demonstrate and qualify new TRISO coated particle fuel for use in high temperature gas reactors. The goals of the experiments are to provide irradiation performance data to support fuel process development, to qualify fuel for normal operating conditions, to support development and validation of fuel performance and fission product transport models and codes, and to provide irradiated fuel and materials for post irradiation examination (PIE) and safety testing. The experiments, which will each consist of several independent capsules, will be irradiated in an inert sweep gas atmosphere with individual on-line temperature monitoring and control of each capsule. The sweep gas will also have on-line fission product monitoring on its effluent to track performance of the fuel in each individual capsule during irradiation. The first experiment (designated AGR-1) started irradiation in December 2006 and was completed in November 2009. The second experiment (AGR-2) started irradiation in June 2010 and is currently scheduled to be completed in September 2013. The third and fourth experiments have been combined into a single experiment designated (AGR-3/4), which started its irradiation in December 2011 and is currently scheduled to be completed in April 2014. Since the purpose of this combined experiment is to provide data on fission product migration and retention in the NGNP reactor, the design of this experiment is significantly different from the first two experiments, though the control and monitoring systems are extremely similar. The design of the experiment will be discussed followed by its progress and status to date.
3

Jang, Young Ki, Kyeong Lak Jeon, Jae Ik Kim, Jung Cheol Shin, Yong Hwan Kim, Sun Tack Hwang, Man Soo Kim, Tae Hyoung Lee, Yong Bae Yoon, and Tae Wan Kim. "Irradiation Performance Update on Advanced Nuclear Fuel of PLUS7™." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57927.

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An advanced nuclear fuel of PLUS7™ for OPR1000s and APR1400s in Korea has been developed and irradiated in PWR nuclear power reactors. It has high performance characteristics from the safety and economy points of view comparing to the current fuel. Zirconium-based nuclear fuel structural components are grown and/or deformed under the circumstances of high temperature and irradiation. Excessive growth or deformation should be prevented not to interfere with adjacent fuels or reactor internals. After development for three (3) years from 1999, this fuel was verified successfully using four (4) LTAs in Ulchin unit 3. After each cycle, irradiation-related performance items were measured using the precise measurement systems in poolside and evaluated. After three (3) cycle irradiations, one discharged fuel assembly was disassembled and examined in detail. Finally, ten (10) rods including skeleton were sent to PIE test facility for further detailed examination. After in-reactor verification using LTAs, eight (8) OPR1000s were replaced with this advanced fuel. In the mean while, the surveillance program using the commercially supplied fuels was launched to reconfirm irradiation-related parameters such as growth, creep, corrosion and deformation, etc. Four (4) fuel assemblies which consist of two (2) assemblies to be discharged after two (2) cycle irradiations and the other two (2) to be discharged after three (3) cycle irradiations were selected for this surveillance program. In this paper, irradiation-induced parameters such as fuel assembly width and length growth, assembly bow and twist etc. are updated.
4

Sasaki, Tomonori, Ming Yang, and Kinuko Fujimoto. "Improvement and Evaluation of Metal Thin Films by Very Low Energy Argon Ion Irradiation." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60417.

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A new methodology using very low energy Ar ion irradiation is proposed to improve the mechanical properties of thin metal films deposited by sputtering. In this study, accelerating voltage of Ar ion plasma was set to lower than 100V, and several conditions were applied to irradiations. Consequently, it is found that Young’s modulus and hardness of Aluminum and Nickel thin film increases about 10% by the irradiation compared with a non-irradiated thin film. (111)–oriented integrated intensity of diffraction of Al and Ni thin film was increased by the irradiation. It is considered that crystalline orientation was changed and column spacing of the film be filled by the irradiation. It is shown that the proposed technique is effective to improve the mechanical properties of metal thin films with proper irradiation conditions.
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Naab, F. U., E. A. West, O. F. Toader, G. S. Was, Floyd D. McDaniel, and Barney L. Doyle. "Conducting Well-Controlled Ion Irradiations To Understand Neutron Irradiation Effects In Materials." In APPLICATION OF ACCELERATORS IN RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY: Twenty-First International Conference. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3586113.

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Park, Tae Hoon, Hyo Soo Lee, Hai Joong Lee, Jee Seong Kim, Won Pyo Hong, and Taek Yong Hwang. "Observation of Femtosecond Laser-induced Columnar Structures above the Surface Level of Al." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2023.jth2a.77.

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Through femtosecond laser irradiation, we observed the formation of columnar structures above the surface level of Al and showed the control of their morphological profiles with the laser fluence and the number of irradiating pulses.
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Andurkar, Mohanish, Valentina O’Donnell, Tahmina Keya, Bart Prorok, John Gahl, and Scott M. Thompson. "Thermal and Fast Neutron Irradiation Effects on Additively Manufactured and Wrought Inconel 625." In ASME 2023 18th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2023-104496.

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Abstract Since their onset, additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are experiencing substantial growth in their development and practical applications in various industries. AM components of different materials are in demand for building next generation advanced nuclear reactors. In this study, Inconel 625 (IN625) samples fabricated using laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) AM process were subjected to two types of neutron irradiation experiments. Samples were first irradiated for a continuous 310 hours using full spectrum neutrons, ranging in energy from thermal to fast. Secondly, another set of samples were exposed to 7–17 weeks of only fast neutron irradiations in short sessions. The total fluence experienced during full spectrum and fast neutron irradiations were 7.37 × 1019 neutrons/cm2 and 2.74 × 1015−6.61 × 1015 neutrons/cm2 respectively. Along with L-PBF IN625 samples, wrought IN625 samples were used as a reference material in both radiation experiments. The effect of radiation damage in the form of radiation hardening or embrittlement was quantified by measuring microhardness before and after irradiation. In general, irrespective of neutron irradiation type, results indicate the AM IN625 samples showed more resistance towards radiation hardening or embrittlement defect compared to its counterparts wrought IN625 samples. The results reported in this study will increase the confidence in adopting AM technologies to build critical advance nuclear components in the future.
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Logsdon, Morgan. "Sample Management Tools for the Irradiation Test Area (ITA)." In Sample Management Tools for the Irradiation Test Area (ITA). US DOE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1648539.

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Bragg, S. L., and M. R. Berman. "Photochemical production of excimer states in rare-gas halogen mixtures." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.wb6.

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Photo-initiated chemical reactions in mixtures of Xe and Cl2 have produced excimer states observed in emission at 308 (XeCl, B → X), 350 nm (XeCl, C → A), and 480 nm (Xe2Cl, 42Γ → 22Γ). The reactions have been initiated with irradiation at 193, 248, and 308 nm and studied as a function of Xe, Cl2, and buffer gas pressures and irradiating laser power. Irradiation with 308-nm laser pulses enhances production of XeCl B → X emission after a period of irradiation. Photolytic production of a long-lived intermediate state, XeCl2, is postulated. Mechanisms and kinetics of the production of this state are reported and implications for development of short-wavelength lasers are discussed.
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Sánchez-Mejorada, G., and D. Frias. "Irradiation of Frozen Solutions of Ferrous Sulphate as Dosimeter for Low Temperature Irradiations." In MEDICAL PHYSICS: Ninth Mexican Symposium on Medical Physics. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2356461.

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Reports on the topic "Irradiationn":

1

Skelly, Andrea C., Eric Chang, Jessica Bordley, Erika D. Brodt, Shelley Selph, Rongwei Fu, Rebecca Holmes, et al. Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Bone Disease: Effectiveness and Harms. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer265.

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Objectives. To evaluate the comparative effectiveness and harms of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for palliative treatment of metastatic bone disease (MBD). Data sources. Four electronic databases from 1985 to January 30, 2023; a targeted search for re-irradiation through January 30, 2023; reference lists; and a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Using predefined criteria and dual review, we selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized studies of interventions (NRSIs) comparing dose-fractionation schemes and EBRT delivery techniques (for initial radiation and re-irradiation, i.e., retreatment for recurrent or persistent pain) and EBRT alone versus in combination with other palliative treatments. Study risk of bias was assessed using predefined criteria. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed for the primary outcomes of pain, function, spinal cord compression relief, quality of life, and harms. Results. We included 53 RCTs and 31 NRSIs; most were fair quality. In patients receiving initial radiation for MBD there was a small increase in the likelihood of overall pain response (improved pain measures with stable or decreased analgesic use) for multiple fraction (MF) EBRT versus single fraction (SF) EBRT up to 4 weeks post-radiation therapy (SOE: moderate) and for higher dose (6 or 8 Gy) SF EBRT versus lower dose (4 Gy) SF EBRT up to 52 weeks post-radiation therapy (SOE: low). SF and MF EBRT did not differ at later followup (SOE: moderate) nor did comparisons of MF EBRT dose/fractions (SOE: moderate ≤12 weeks; low >12 weeks). Re-irradiation was more common with SF versus MF EBRT. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) (SF or MF) was associated with a slightly higher (up to 20 weeks, SOE: low) and moderately higher (30 weeks; SOE: moderate) likelihood of overall pain response versus MF EBRT. For re-irradiation, SF and MF SBRT had a similar likelihood of overall pain response, as did SF versus MF EBRT (SOE: low for all). Harms may be similar across dose/fraction schemes and techniques; serious harms were rare. Comparative effectiveness evidence for EBRT was sparse. Conclusions. In patients with uncomplicated MBD receiving initial palliative radiotherapy, the likelihood of overall pain response for SF and MF EBRT is probably similar, particularly after 4 weeks; re-irradiation was more common with SF-EBRT. SF and MF SBRT may provide slightly greater likelihood of overall pain response versus MF EBRT; evidence is limited. SF and MF EBRT may have similar likelihoods of overall pain response in patients receiving re-irradiation. High-quality evidence comparing SBRT with EBRT is needed in populations with complicated and uncomplicated MBD, as is research on effectiveness of EBRT versus other treatments. Update: An addendum is located at the end of the main report, before the appendixes.
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Friedler, Eran, and Karl G. Linden. Distributed UV LEDs for combined control of fouling of drip emitters and disinfection during irrigation with reclaimed wastewater effluent. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2022.8134144.bard.

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Abstract:
Irrigating crops with reclaimed wastewater, replacing potable water, using drip irrigation has become more common as demands on water supplies have increased. Because of the quality characteristics of treated wastewater, the small size and geometry of drip emitters, and flow characteristics though the emitters, systems can become clogged for physical and biological reasons. Emitters clogging reduces flow and increases the variability of flows between emitters that can lead to crops water stress and thus reduce crop yield. Clogged systems require more energy or more labor- and chemical-intensive maintenance and cleaning, such as with chlorine. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and specifically UV-C (200-300 nm) light emitting diodes (LEDs) have great promise for disinfection and biofouling prevention in irrigation water systems. LEDs are particularly well-suited for decentralized use in drip irrigation systems due to their small size, robust construction, low power requirements, long life, and intermittent operation capability. The main goal of this research was to study and develop UV-LED irradiation technology for reducing biofouling of drip irrigation fed by treated effluent, and to explore whether locating the UV-LEDs along the irrigation line as an integral part of the system could be advantageous.
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Chen, Y., O. K. Chopra, W. K. Soppet, Nancy L. Dietz Rago, and W. J. Shack. Irradiation-Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steels and Alloy 690 from Halden Phase-II Irradiations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1224948.

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4

Geringer, J. W., Yutai Katoh, Richard H. Howard, N. O. Cetiner, Christian M. Petrie, Kurt R. Smith, and J. M. McDuffee. ATF Neutron Irradiation Program Irradiation Vehicle Design Concepts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1360026.

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5

Leveling, A. F., and /Fermilab. Lithium Irradiation Experiment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/984594.

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6

Dodge, Haley. Gamma Irradiation Facility. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1854729.

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7

Yong, Dai. Final Report on MEGAPIE Target Irradiation and Post-Irradiation Examination. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1188406.

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8

Field, Kevin G., Yukinori Yamamoto, and Richard H. Howard. Status of Post Irradiation Examination of FCAB and FCAT Irradiation Capsules. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1328331.

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9

Ubic, Rick, Darryl Butt, and William Windes. Irradiation Creep in Graphite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1128528.

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10

Rohrbaugh, David Thomas, William Windes, and W. David Swank. AGC-2 Irradiation Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1374494.

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