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1
Warren, Alena. "An Evaluation of New England Cottontail Habitat Restoration." Thesis, University of New Hampshire, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10686029.
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Several state, federal and non-profit agencies have developed collaborative goals for restoring habitat in New England and New York for a declining rabbit species, the New England cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis, NEC). My goal was to evaluate habitat restorations at both the local, or site, scale, and the landscape scale. In order to objectively quantify the suitability of the sites being managed, I developed a Habitat Suitability Index, based on the HSI models designed the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. I identified candidate habitat variables for NEC, including types of cover and refuges, and food, and then asked a panel of NEC experts to rank the importance of the candidate variables. I collected data on the most important habitat variables at 60 sites managed for NEC across New England and eastern New York. The NEC experts also ranked the same 60 sites from 1 (unsuitable) to 5 (optimal). The model was optimized to improve agreement with expert opinions for the 60 sites. Specific applications may include determining when a site is suitable for releasing translocated or captive breed rabbits, and identifying habitat features that need modification as forest succession progresses. To evaluate habitat restoration efforts at a larger landscape scale, I created metapopulation models for two management focus areas (Cape Elizabeth and Kittery-Berwick) in Maine for population viability analyses. I ran simulations to compare the relative effects of the two focus areas as well as five management scenarios. I conducted a sensitivity analysis to determine the importance of various model parameters on extinction risk. The Cape Elizabeth focus area, which has more habitat patches that are closer together, had lower extinction risks than Kittery-Berwick. Reintroductions and creating additional habitat appeared especially important in the Kittery-Berwick focus area. The simulation results were sensitive to changes in the standard deviations of the survival and recruitment rates, and the probability of catastrophic mortality, indicating that variation is detrimental to NEC metapopulation growth. Variation in weather caused by climate change may need to be mitigated by monitoring and managing NEC habitat and populations.
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Epstein, Nimrod. "Coral reefs aspects of management, conservation and restoration /." Amsterdam : Amsterdam : Universiteit van Amsterdam ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2002. http://dare.uva.nl/document/62020.
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Rab, Samia. "The "monument" in architecture and conservation - theories of architectural significance and their influence on restoration, preservation, and conservation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23927.
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Newman, William L. "Restoration Techniques for Northern Bobwhites." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801897/.
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Isolated populations of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) have declined causing many quail managers to attempt population restoration by releasing captive-reared bobwhites or translocating wild bobwhites. I evaluated three restoration techniques: (1) release of captive-reared bobwhites, (2) translocation of bobwhites from high densities to low densities, and (3) release of captive-reared and translocated bobwhites acclimated on site prior to release. These results show that captive-reared birds have reduced survival and fewer nesting attempts when compared to translocated birds and that acclimation time was not a factor. I hypothesized that high mortality rates were caused by captive-reared birds exhibiting different predator avoidance behavior than wild birds. Captive-reared and wild-trapped bobwhites were subjected to independent predator simulations and their responses were recorded on high definition video. Threat recognition time, reaction type, and reaction time was recorded for comparative analysis. Pen-reared birds recognized the simulated raptorial and terrestrial predator threats quicker than wild-trapped birds, but reaction times were not different among groups. However, the type of reaction was different among groups where pen-reared birds typically flushed immediately upon recognizing either simulated predator as compared to wild-trapped birds which typically ran or held when subjected to the raptorial threat and showed little to no observable reaction to the terrestrial threat. These results reveal a potential loss of a holding trait in pen-reared birds, resulting in a quicker revealing of their position in the presence of a threat, thereby increasing their risk of predation.
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Zheng, Qilin, and 郑琪琳. "Architectural heritage conservation in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194618.
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As a contribution to econometric research on the role of architectural heritage, this dissertation evaluates non-aggregate data for a total of 2142 designated National Priority Protected Sites (NPPS) in China using hedonic model and ordered probit model. Attempting to verify economic costs of conserving architectural heritage sites in China, the objectives of the dissertation are to find out the grading system of NPPS; to compare the monetary value and non-monetary value methods on architectural heritage conservation; to identify the current criteria of national heritage conservation maintenance funding (NHCMF) allocation for the NPPS; and to select and evaluate the key factors of NHCMF allocation for the NPPS. The research question of this dissertation is: “what are the decision criteria of NHCMF allocation in China?”. The dissertation conceives of one general hypothesis and 17 empirical hypotheses. The general hypothesis is based on the maintenance funding and grading system of each conservation project. The empirical hypotheses are generated from possible determined factors of NHCMF allocation, theories of sustainable development, economic value and heritage value.
Based on the real market information, 7 factors have been identified as the determined factors of NHCMF allocation of NPPS. They are “average household income”, “annual economic benefit”, “average personal salary”, “population”, “ticket”, “types modern building” and “types revolutionary sites”. Of these 7 factors, on the one hand, “average household income”, “annual economic benefit”, “population”, “entry ticket fee” and “types (revolutionary sites)” have positive relationship with the maintenance cost. The positive relationship result implies that the revolutionary sites locate in economic developed area with more population and higher entry ticket fee are more likely to get more maintenance funding. On the other hand, “average personal salary” and “types (modern buildings)” have negative relationship with maintenance funding. The negative relationship result reflects that modern buildings of NPPS with higher average personal salary are less likely getting more maintenance funding.
Based on the hypothetical market data, 4 factors have been identified as the determined factors of NHCMF allocation of NPPS. The factors of “population and “annual economic benefit” have the same relationship with monetary market data. The “maintenance funding” and “original usage” have negative relationship with grading system.published_or_final_version
Real Estate and Construction
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
6
Lawrence, James Mark. "Restoration ecology of the Seychelles giant millipede." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85596.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The loss and degradation of habitat is recognised as the greatest threat to invertebrate biodiversity. Restoration practices have the potential to reduce these impacts. The Seychelles giant millipede (SGM), Sechelleptus seychellarum, is a threatened and functionally important macro-detritivore endemic to the Seychelles granitic islands. The broad objective of this dissertation was to investigate selected aspects of the restoration ecology of the SGM, with the intention of making practical restoration recommendations that can be used to assist in the conservation of this species. This study was carried out on Cousine Island, Seychelles between 1998 and 2009, in the context of the large-scale plant community restoration that has taken place on the island. Large fluctuations in millipede population densities were found between 1998 and 2009. In 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007 millipede densities were low, while densities were high in 1998 and 2009. Although the SGM is active all year round, its surface activity was positively correlated with rainfall, with density high during the high rainfall period (i.e. October – April) and low during the low rainfall period (i.e. May – September). Female:male:juvenile ratios were ~ 3:1:1. The implications are that translocations should preferably be done in years of high millipede densities and during the wet season. Alien coconut trees did not affect SGM density, but negatively affected its foraging behaviour, whereas bamboo stands negatively affected both its density and foraging behaviour. The SGM showed feeding preferences for Pisonia grandis and Ficus sp. leaf litter types. Alien bamboo and coconut pose a varied threat to the SGM, and their removal and replacement by indigenous forest species (e.g. P. grandis and Ficus sp.) should form part of an island’s restoration programme. SGM density was an order of magnitude lower in the restored area compared to the natural forest. In contrast, SGM physical condition improved significantly in the restored area, as vegetation structure increased. Furthermore, SGM behaviour in the restored area switched from a predominantly walking to a predominantly feeding behaviour over the study period, resulting in the forest restoration programme on Cousine increasing the foraging area of the SGM by 43%. SGM spatial density did not significantly correlate with edaphic and litter properties, but did positively correlate with the toposcape (i.e. elevation and granitic rock cover). Granite rock crevices in forest covered areas were important diurnal refuges for the SGM, as microclimate conditions in non-forest covered rock refuges were unsuitable. SGM physical condition was significantly lower in non-shaded crevices compared to those shaded by forest. Low granite rock cover in the restored forest limited the SGM colonisation of this area in large numbers, despite canopy cover in the restored forest being comparable with that in the reference natural forest. As most restoration practices are primarily vegetation-based, this study demonstrates that such an approach can be inadequate for restoring habitat for target invertebrates, as many species’ habitat requirements extend beyond that of vegetation. For the SGM, selecting restoration sites that already have abundant rock cover would be the most practical way to increase SGM habitat through forest restoration practices. Taking into consideration the habitat requirements of target invertebrates can help in setting or redirecting restoration goals and thus enhance the conservation value of such practices.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die verlies en agteruitgang van habitat word alom beskou as die grootste bedreiging var die biodiversiteit van ongewerweldes. Herstellingspraktyke kan hierdie agteruitgang verminder of stop. Die Seychelle Reuse Duisendpoot (SGM), Sechelleptus seychellarum, is 'n bedreigde en funksioneel belangrike makro-detritusvoeder wat endemies is aan die Seychelle graniet-eilande. Die breë doelstelling van hierdie verhandeling is die doen van navorsing om praktiese aanbevelings te kan maak om die habitat van die SGM tot so ‘n mate te herstel dat die spesie kan bly voortbestaan. Hierdie studie is tussen 1998 en 2009 uitgevoer op Cousine Island, Seychelles, nadat ‘n grootskaalse herstellingsfase van die plantgemeenskap plaasgevind het. Groot skommelings in duisendpootgetalle is waargeneem tussen 1998 en 2009, viz. duisendpootgetalle was laag in 2002, 2003, 2005 en 2007, terwyl dit hoog was in 1998 en 2009. Alhoewel die SGM gedurende die hele jaar aktief is, is hulle tog in groter getalle aanwesig in die tydperke met hoë reënval (Oktober-April) en laag in die droë tydperk (Mei-September). Die verhouding van wyfies, mannetjies en onvolwassenes was deurgaans ~ 3:1:1. Dit bring mee dat hervestiging van SGM verkieslik gedoen moet word wanneer hul populasies hoog is en dan ook in die nat seisoen. Uitheemse klapperbome het geen invloed op SGM getalle gehad nie, alhoewel hul voedingsgedrag negatief beïnvloed is deur dié bome. Bamboesbosse darenteen, beïnvloed beide populasiedigtheid en voedingsgedrag van SGM negatief. Verder is daar gevind dat Pisonia grandis en Ficus sp. blaardetritus voorkeurvoedsel vir SGM is. Die verwydering van die uitheemse bamboes en klapperbome en vervanging daarvan met inheemse woudspesies (P. grandis en Ficus sp.) moet dus deel vorm van die eiland se herstelprogram om sodoende die SGM te bevoordeel. Die SGM-bevolkingsdigtheid was 'n grootte-orde laer in die herstelde gebied in vergelyking met die natuurlike bos, maar hul fisiese toestand het aansienlik verbeter in die herstelde gebied, waarskynlik omdat die plantegroei as geheel verbeter het. Verder het die SGM se gedrag gedurende die studietydperk in die herstelde area oorgegaan vanaf ‘n oorwegend loopgedrag om na kos te soek, na ‘n oorwegend voedende gedrag. Die vervanging van uitheemse- met inheemse boomspesies op Cousine Island het dus die voedingsarea van SGM met tot 43% verhoog. Die ruimtelike SGM populasiedigtheid is nie beduidend beïnvloed deur blaardetritus nie, maar is wel positief beïnvloed deur die topografie (hoogte en granietbedekking). Bebosde graniet rotsskeure bied belangrike toevlugsoorde vir SGM gedurende die dag, terwyl die mikroklimaat wat deur onbebosde rotsskeure veroorsaak word, totaal ongeskik is vir SGM. Die fisiese toestand van SGM was ook aansienlik swakker in die nie bebosde rotsskeure teenoor dié van die bebosde areas. In herstelde bos met min granietskuiling was die herkolonisering van SGM ook getalsgewys laer alhoewel die bosbedekking vergelykbaar was met dié van die inheemse bos. Dit bewys dus dat herstellingspraktyke wat hoofsaaklik plantegroei teiken, nie altyd die teikenspesie bevoordeel nie, maar dat ‘n meer holistiese benadering wat alle habitatvoorkeure in ag neem, toegepas moet word. Om SGM te bevoordeel moet herstel areas vir herbebossing dus gekies word waar daar reeds genoegsame granietskuiling is. Deur die habitatvereistes van ongewerwelde teikenspesies in ag te neem kan die herstellingspraktyke meer oordeelkundig ingestel word en sodoende kan die bewaringswaarde van sulke praktyke verbeter word.
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Ntshotsho, Phumza. "Towards evidence-based ecological restoration in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71969.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Widespread, human-induced ecosystem degradation and the associated biodiversity loss pose a direct threat to human wellbeing. While there is no substitute for healthy, self-sustaining ecosystems, ecological restoration offers an attractive, and indeed inevitable, supplement where conservation alone is not sufficient to support ecosystem integrity. Restoration is undergoing a revolution, where evidence-based (EB) practice is emerging as a new approach to increase the chances of successfully achieving restoration goals. EB practice is based on the notion that implementation decisions need to be based on the appraisal and use of evidence of effectiveness of alternative options. The point of departure of this thesis is the contention that EB practice need not be dependent only on research evidence. The work presented herein thus addresses the production and use of evidence of effectiveness in restoration practice. Using ten restoration programs in South Africa, the quality of evidence produced in practice was assessed. Three components of evidence production that were evaluated were (i) baseline condition measurement; (ii) goal setting and (iii) monitoring. Results showed poor definition of goals; a bias towards the use of socio-economic goals and indicators; more monitoring of inputs than impact; and inconsistent and short-term monitoring of biophysical indicators. Practitioners regarded the evidence base as adequate, but cited a few challenges associated with planning and resource availability as attributing factors to the gaps observed. I propose that practitioners’ perception of the current evidence base poses an additional threat to the generation of a strong evidence base. In addition to the production of evidence, access to said evidence is a vital component of EB practice. In an exploration of how evidence is made available by practitioners, it became evident in that a considerable amount of the information that was not easily accessible in documented form was known by the practitioners. This highlights the need for a shift in practice culture towards the valuing and rewarding of the dissemination of information. An assessment of EB restoration would have been incomplete without a deliberate consideration of social factors. I thus conducted a case study of an invasive alien plant clearing program, to determine what drives the use of scientific evidence in decision making. I observed that organizational structure, policies, priorities and capacity influence, and even limit, the use of scientific evidence to inform decisions. The challenges to making restoration evidence-based are diverse in nature, ranging from poor planning of restoration work, which points to limited appreciation of the need to produce a strong evidence base, to a lack of instruments and incentives to drive the generation, dissemination and use of evidence that spans both the biophysical and social aspects of restoration. These challenges are largely rooted in the conventional way of approaching restoration from individual disciplinary perspectives, thus artificially simplifying and compartmentalizing a naturally complex problem like degradation. I end by proposing transdisciplinarity, which focuses on a holistic world view and the production of knowledge that embraces complexity, as a possible vehicle to help move the practice of restoration towards being evidence-based.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wydverspreide, mens-veroorsaakte agteruitgang van ekostelsels en die gepaardgaande verlies aan biodiversiteit hou 'n direkte bedreiging vir menslike welsyn in. Alhoewel daar geen plaasvervanger is vir 'n gesonde, selfonderhoudende ekostelsel is nie, bied ekologiese restourasie 'n aantreklike en inderdaad onvermydelik, vul waar bewaring alleen nie voldoende ekosisteem integriteit kan ondersteun nie. Restourasie ondergaan tans ‘n revolusie, waar bewys gebaseerde (BG) praktyk 'n opkomende nuwe benadering om die kanse van die suksesvolle bereiking van herstel doelwitte te verhoog. BG praktyk is gebaseer op die idee dat die uitvoering van besluite gebaseer moet word op die evaluering en die gebruik van bewyse van die effektiwiteit van alternatiewe opsies. Die punt van vertrek van hierdie proefskrif is die bewering dat BG praktyk nie noodwendig afhanklik van navorsings bewys hoef te wees nie. Die werk wat hier aangebied word spreek tot die produksie en gebruik van bewyse van effektiwiteit in die restourasie praktyk. Deur die gebruik van tien restourasie programme in Suid-Afrika is die kwaliteit van die bewyse in die praktyk geassesseer. Die drie komponente van bewyse produksie wat geëvalueer is sluit in (i) basislyn toestand meting, (ii) doelwitstelling en (iii) monitering. Resultate toon 'n swak definisie van doelwitte; 'n vooroordeel ten gunste van die gebruik van sosio-ekonomiese doelwitte en aanwysers; meer monitering van insette as die impak; en teenstrydige en kort-termyn monitering van biofisiese aanwysers. Beofenaars het die gebruik van bewys gebaseerde inligting as voldoende beskou, maar 'n paar uitdagings wat verband hou met die beplanning en die beskikbaarheid van bronne is aangehaal as kenmerkende faktore in die gapings wat tans waargeneem word. Ek stel voor dat beoefenaars se persepsie van die huidige bewysbasis praktyk 'n bykomende bedreiging vir die generasie van 'n sterk bewybasis praktyk inhou. Benewens die produksie van bewyse, is die toegang tot bewyse 'n belangrike komponent van die BG praktyk. In die verkenning van hoe bewyse beskikbaar gestel word deur beoefenaars, is dit duidelik dat 'n aansienlike aantal inligting wel bekend is aan beofenaars maar nie maklik toeganklik in gedokumenteerde vorm is nie. Dit beklemtoon die behoefte vir 'n verskuiwing in die praktyk kultuur tot die waardering en beloning van die verspreiding van inligting. 'n Beoordeling van die BG herstel sou onvolledig wees sonder 'n doelbewuste oorweging van sosiale faktore. Ek het dus 'n gevallestudie van 'n indringerplant verwyderings program uitgevoer om vas te stel wat die gebruik van wetenskaplike bewyse in besluitneming aandryf. Ek het opgemerk dat die organisatoriese struktuur, beleid, prioriteite en kapasiteit die gebruik van wetenskaplike bewyse kan beinvloed, en selfs beperk. Die uitdagings om herstelwerk bewys-gebaseerd te maak is uiteenlopend van aard, dit wissel van swak beplanning van herstel werk, wat dui op beperkte waardering van die behoefte om 'n sterk bewyse basis te produseer, 'n gebrek aan instrumente en aansporings vir die generasie van besyse, verspreiding en gebruik van bewyse wat strek oor beide die biofisiese en maatskaplike aspekte van die restaurasie. Hierdie uitdagings is grootliks gegrond op die konvensionele manier van restaurasie wat gebaseer is op individuele dissiplinêre perspektiewe,wat lei tot die kunsmatige simplifiseering van ‘n uiteraand komplekse problem soos agteruitgang. Ek eindig af deur die gebruik van transdissiplinariteit, wat fokus op 'n holistiese wêreldbeskouing en die produksie en kennis van kompleksiteit insluit voor te stel, as 'n moontlike voertuig om die skuif in praktyk van restourasie na n bewys-basis te vergemaklik.
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Cheng, Yuchen, and 程語忱. "Does heritage conservation generate social benefits?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207653.
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The aim of this research is to investigate the social benefits generated by heritage conservation in the Eastern country – China. With economic booming in the urban area, the cultural built heritage is hardly got properly conservation resulting from primarily considering economic benefits other than environmental or social benefits. Nowadays, the social benefits have been recognized by experts and governments; however few studies were conducted in developing or Eastern countries. Thus, this research is appealing a completed picture of heritage conservation in China. This research was based on a review of relevant literature, in which heritage conservation, social benefits of heritage conservation and conservation in China are discussed. Case study is adopted in this research and Gulou area, since it is one of representative heritage conservation in China whose renew project draws much focus. Questionnaires are delivered to local residents in the site of case study –Gulou area in Beijing, China, together with several interviews. The findings underline that the social benefits mentioned in the contemporary literature are partly achieve in practice. Education about the heritage and public participation are particularly lacking. The main conclusion to be drawn from this work is that heritage-related celebrations and completed exhibition should get more consideration in heritage conservation, while there are constrains to conduct.published_or_final_version
Housing Management
Master
Master of Housing Management
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Griffiths, Christine Jane. "Conservation and restoration of Mauritian plant communities using taxon substitutes." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544321.
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Hammond, Bonny Marguerite. "The Indiana State Hospital project : the research and documentation of twenty-eight Indiana State Hospital structures." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/460294.
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The retention of historic structures and the information which they contain, the basic goals of historic preservation, has occurred with increasing frequency in the twenty-year period following the passage of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. Admittedly, the ideal scenario involves the retention and reuse of architecturally or historically important structures. However, occasionally notable buildings are found which are located upon sites earmarked for new construction or which have deteriorated to a condition which makes restoration or adaptive reuse not economically feasible. Adequate documentation prior to the destruction of such buildings not only preserves the information therein contained, but also may encourage reuse of some structures by making the owner aware of their contribution to the streetscape, to local history or to the architectural history of a community or region.Although parameters for adequate documentation exist at the national level for national landmarks, state and local standards are vague at best, leaving both the professional and the non-professional preservationist to determine the level of documentation and the amount of research required. Difficult at best for the professional, documentation in the absence of guidelines frequently proves disastrous for the non-professional.This thesis is the product of a documentation project conducted between September 1984 and October 1985 to provide "adequate documentation" for a client of the College of Architecture and Planning at Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana. Having no established guidelines or precedent to follow, and instructed to produce "adequate documentation" for 28 structures at six Indiana State Hospitals, the documentation team learned much during the fourteen-month process of producing both written and graphic documentation.The author presents this descriptive analysis of one component of the documentation process - the preparation of the 331-page written text which accompanied photographs and H.A.B.S. drawings. While each project differs, the Indiana State Hospital Project established a precedent which may be referred to By the C.A.P. when faced with similar projects in the future.
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Gause, George L. "The university district : a handbook for the conservation and propagation of the college campus as a historic district." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/902488.
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This creative project explains the process of creating and administering a university historic resource district. Objectives of this district are protection, planning, and promotion of important campus elements, both manmade and natural. The aim of the university historic resource district is the preservation of historic structures, stimulation of pride, and the possibility of the resolution of preservation - based conflicts.The campus is first inventoried to identify the resources available. Once completed, the inventoried information is evaluated. Findings are then mapped and areas of prime concentration identified.Guidelines are then established, providing a basis to improve and protect the campus character. Preservation of the dominant characteristics and unifying elements of the campus is the main focus of the guidelines.The district would be administered by an advisory committee with broad representation. The committee would review projects that the university proposes and make recommendations based on guidelines or relevant criteria.The university district is predicated on the theory that by allowing outside involvement and arriving at decisions through consensus, university users will not feel powerless toward campus decisions. The resulting cooperative effort would be beneficial to the university users, the community at large, and the university administrators.Department of Architecture
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Krug, Rainer Michael. "Modelling seed dispersal in restoration and invasions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1155.
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Thesis (PhD (Conservation Ecology and Entomology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.Dispersal plays an essential role in determining the distribution of populations of species, especially species expanding their ranges. Two disciplines are concerned with gaining understanding of spread of species, namely restoration ecology and invasion biology. Con- ceptual understanding of dispersal, its mechanisms and its management is essential to both disciplines. Nevertheless, the disciplines have quite opposite objectives: in restoration ecol- ogy, spread of indigenous species into transformed landscapes is promoted, while invasion biology aims to prevent the (further) spread of alien species into pristine or restored habi- tats. Despite these two opposite objectives of facilitating spread and preventing spread of their respective target species, these disciplines have essentially the same requirements in terms of information needed for restoration. In this thesis, I will present two modelling studies—one looking at the impact of two different seed-feeding alien control agents on the spread of Hakea sericea, the other investigating the recolonisation by Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis of an old field dominated by Cynodon dactylon. Based on these studies, I will draw conclusions for the management in each case. In a second step, I will compare these two seemingly-different studies and draw conclusions on how these two disciplines can learn from each other, and how conclusions drawn and management recommendations developed for the one discipline can be translated for the other. The invasion biology study concluded that seed-feeding biocontrol agents do have a considerable impact on the velocity of the spread of the target species. In addition, management recommendations included the possibility of substituting seed-feeding biocontrol agents with an increased fire frequency where the negative impact on natural vegetation, on the site invaded by the target species, is acceptable. The restoration study concluded that the main impact on the velocity of spread, and the speed of the return of the shrub species onto the old fields, is the availability of micro-sites. A sensitivity analysis showed the even a slight change from 1% to 2% increases the velocity and pattern of spread dramatically. The other parameters playing an important role are the mean rate of establishment and the time span between
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Chen, Xi, and 陈希. "Xi Shui Dong Factory conservation project at Wuxi: a case of property developer-led conservation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47092130.
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As a city that has played an important part in the industrialization process of the country, Wuxi owns many abandoned and dilapidated industrial plants in the inner city. The successful conservation cases of Shanghai’s industrial heritages really enlightened the Wuxi Municipal Government, which was also searching for ways to push forward economic restructuring while facing a land shortage in the city.
Founded in 1919 by the well-known Chinese entrepreneurs the Rong brothers, the original No.3 Shenxin Factory used to be the biggest spinnery manufacturer in Wuxi. Then, in 2005, as the factory was transferred to industrial estate in suburban area, the original site became abandoned. Two years later, the original factory site was listed as industrial heritage of Wuxi and leased to the Hong Kong developer SPGland at the same time.
The urban redevelopment project of Xi Shui Dong Factory (former No.3 Shenxin Factory) started in 2008. Kokaistudios was appointed by SPGland to lead the architectural conservation part.
As a typical property developer-led conservation project in the heart of a redevelopment area including a number of high density residential towers and commercial centres, the Xi Shui Dong Factory project offers a challenge to the designers. The problem is which approach of conservation they should take and how they should deal with the relationship between the old buildings and the newly built ones.
The dissertation focuses on the detailed study of a factory complex in the site and tries to analyze issues concerning the conservation of the factory complex in the context of the urban regeneration. At the same time it also brings to light the relative merits between property developer-led and culture-led conservation efforts.published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
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Arts, Koen. "Wilderness restoration and animal reintroduction : ideas, discourses and policies." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186197.
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This thesis aims to achieve a better understanding of: (1) theoretical aspects of humannature relationships; and (2) socio-political dimensions of nature conservation practices. It is the result of social scientific research, and employs, on the basis of a ‘moderate’ social constructivist frame, a multi- (and partly inter-) disciplinary approach. Within the central theme of nature conservation, the concept of wilderness is used as a lens for study, with a specific research focus on ‘rewilding’ and ‘animal reintroduction’ in Scotland and the Netherlands. In the overarching context of the two central research aims, the four main chapters in this work have been developed, and are presented, as stand-alone parts. With respect to research aim 1, the relationship between rewilding and animal reintroduction is examined (Chapter 2). The main finding is that if animal reintroduction, as part of rewilding, is understood and implemented in a tentative manner, it can be an inspiring example of an essentially non-controlling human interaction with nature. Chapter 5 is a cultural-historical exploration of the concept of wilderness and of a Dutch national park. It establishes that paradoxes are an important element in the Western fascination with wilderness, and they are therefore an essential focus if contemporary societies want to restore their relationship with the wild. With regard to research aim 2, a discourse analysis is conducted of documents supporting animal reintroductions (Chapter 3). A crucial finding is that rhetoric and argumentation, in expert documents that inform environmental decision-making, become increasingly ‘reflexive’. In Chapter 4, political decision-making on Scottish animal reintroductions is researched in the light of late-modern governance shifts. It is found that these new modes of governance can actually undermine the very democratic principles that they seek to implement in the first place.
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Burkinshaw, Stephanie Jane. "The restoration of fluorspar tailings lagoons to amenity grassland." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366999.
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Small, Stacy L. "Conservation and ecology of breeding landbirds in a riparian restoration context." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4427.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 6, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Lepola, Lenny Crain. "The Indiana State Hospital Document Project : developing a graphic package for an architectural thematic study." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/454591.
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This proposed thesis is essentially a methodology for producing and assembling the graphic photo/documentation package of a large group of structures distributed over a broad geographic area. During the 1984/85 Indiana State Hospital Documentation Project, Department of Architecture, College of Architecture and Planning, it became evident that neither standards nor precedent existed within the State of Indiana for establishing appropriate levels of documentation for individuals, firms and/or agencies applying to the State Review Board/Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology for Certificates of Approval for demolition of historic structures.This thesis will begin with brief discussions of: 1) various levels of documentation, including identifying one (or several) levels appropriate for this project; 2) preliminary field survey of the sites and structures, including photography, field notes and the acquisition of historic architectural drawings; and, 3) planning and contract development stages.Following this introduction the thesis will treat, in detail, the development of graphic materials (photo and line) utilized i n both the printed text and its accompanying photo/data package. Of note will be sections pertaining to: 1) the development of a sequential format, treating the project as both a written document and a graphic product; 2) field photographic techniques; 3) acquiring/developing/utilizing maps/site plans; 4) obtaining historic architectural drawings; 5) producing H.A.B.S. drawings; 6) reducing for reproduction and subsequent archiving of historic and H.A.B.S. drawings; 7) completing approved survey cards; and, 8) developing a comprehensive indexing system for all graphic materials.A summary will include, but not be limited to: 1) an assessment of the project's immediate ability to satisfy contractual requirements; 2) the project's long term value as both a written and graphic thematic study; 3) suggestions for the establishment of a hierarchy of levels of documentation for structures of recognized or potential historic significance facing certain demolition; and, 4) recommendations for the establishment of minimum state standards of graphic documentation for each specific level identified in 3).Department of Architecture
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White, John. "Modernity, significance and conservation practice : thesis on the relationship between cultural theory and conservation and practice." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1991. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26429.
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At first sight, modernity and conservation practice may seem to be an unlikely conjunction. Conservation is concerned with the
practical details of preserving objects of the past, while modernity, as a climate of thought, relates to the present and to aspirations and concerns for the future. However, conservation, as a concern of the present, is directed to preserving objects of the past as a bequest to the future. Modernity, in turn, is a way of thought, whose origins are deeply imbedded in the past and in a history of thinking which conditions how we look at the world and our culture today.
The key element, unifying theory and practice, is the question of what should be conserved and what may be accepted as being of no value to the future. The conservation of structures, buildings and places is based on a critical appraisal of significance. The importance of cultural significance is recognised in the ‘Burra Charter which is an agreement on the code of ethics, objectives and methods of practice for professionals engaged in conservation in Australia. The recognition of sigmificance is fundamental to conservation practice. The way we determine significance by objectifying the environment is' a problem, which modernity not only poses, but also conditions by developing culture in the act of naming, coding and classifying the past.
Much has been written about the dileumas of culture in recent years. The critique of modernity has taken many fronts. For example, current consciousness challenges thoughts on the consequences of the consumption of. natural resources on a world—wide ecological basis .‘ This thesis attempts to explore relevant aspects of the critique; and to ask how it relates to theory and practice in the conservation of the historic environment. The area of cultural theory which is discussed, offers visions of culture which are different to those which bind the, often narrow and over-objectified, approach to planning and regulating environmental change. Six different perspectives are constructed to relate the concerns of sigrificance in modernity and the concerns of conservation practice. These are concerned with; the historic parallels between conservation and modernity; the classification of significance; visibility and authority; associations and image; narratives and rationalities; and the problem of authenticity in practice.
The thesis taps the underlying critiques which offer alternative perspectives on cultural significance and conservation practice. Several perspectives are explored including phenomenolog', hermeneutics, semiotics, post-structuralism and other critical theories which draw on the works of Hegel, Heidegger, Benjamin, Merleau—Ponty, Barthes, Foucault, de Certeau, Bourdieu and Habermas among others. Conclusions are drawn with reference to case studies from Qaeensland.
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Strahm, Wendy Ann. "The conservation and restoration of the flora of Mauritius and Rodrigues." Thesis, University of Reading, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259914.
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Chavez, Lozano Marco Valente <1990>. "RICORDACI: Research on the Conservation, Restoration and Diagnosis of Cinematographic Films." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10282/1/PhD%20Thesis_Marco%20Valente%20Chavez%20Lozano_RICORDACI.pdf.
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This thesis is the result of the RICORDACI project, a three-year European-funded initiative involving the collaboration between the University of Bologna and the restoration laboratory of the Cineteca di Bologna, L'immagine Ritrovata, which aimed to develop innovative solutions and technologies for the preservation of cinematographic film heritage.
In particular, this thesis presents new analytical methodologies to exploit two types of portable miniaturized Near Infrared spectrometers working in Diffuse Reflectance over the Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) range, to study the near infrared (NIR) spectral behavior of film base materials for an accurate, non-invasive and fast characterization of the polymer type; and for films with cellulose acetate supports, they can be employed as a diagnostic tool for monitoring the Degree of substitution (DS) affected by the loss of acetyl groups. The proposed methods offer non-invasive, fast, inexpensive and simple alternatives for the characterization and diagnosis of film bases to help the strategic planning and decision-making regarding storage, digitalization and intervention of film collections.
Secondly, the thesis includes the evaluation of new green cleaning systems and solvents for the effective, fast and innocuous removal of undesired substances from degraded cinematographic films bases; these tests compared the efficiency of traditional systems and solvents against the new proposals. Firstly, the use of Deep Eutectic Solvent formulations for removing softened gelatin residues from cellulose nitrate bases; and secondly, the employment of green volatile solvents with different application methods, including the use of new electrospun nylon mats, for avoiding the dangerous use of friction for the removal of Triphenyl Phosphate blooms from the surface of cellulose acetate bases.
The results obtained will help improving the efficiency of the interventions needed before the digitalization of historical cinematographic films and will pave the way for further investigation on the use of green solvents for cleaning polymeric heritage objects.Esta tesis es el resultado del proyecto RICORDACI, una iniciativa de tres años de duración financiada con fondos europeos en colaboración entre la Universidad de Bolonia y el laboratorio de restauración de la Cineteca di Bologna, L'immagine Ritrovata, cuyo objetivo fue desarrollar soluciones y tecnologías innovadoras para la conservación del patrimonio cinematográfico. En particular, esta tesis presenta el uso de dos tipos de espectrómetros portátiles miniaturizados que trabajan en reflectancia difusa en el infrarrojo de onda corta (SWIR-NIR), para estudiar los soporte de las películas, logrando así una caracterización precisa, no invasiva y rápida del tipo de polímero; y en el caso de películas en acetato de celulosa, también el diagnóstico del grado de sustitución (DS). Los métodos propuestos ofrecen alternativas no invasivas, rápidas, económicas y sencillas para la caracterización y el diagnóstico de soportes fílmicos, con el fin de ayudar a la planificación estratégica del almacenamiento, la digitalización y la intervención de las colecciones fílmicas. En segundo lugar, la tesis incluye la evaluación de nuevos sistemas de limpieza y solventes ecológicos para la eliminación eficaz, rápida e inocua de películas cinematográficas degradadas; estos tests comparan la eficacia de sistemas y disolventes tradicionales frente a las nuevas propuestas. En primer lugar, presenta el uso de formulaciones de disolventes eutécticos profundos para eliminar residuos de gelatina reblandecida de bases de nitrato de celulosa; y en segundo lugar, el empleo de disolventes volátiles verdes con diferentes métodos de aplicación, incluido el uso de nuevos tapetes de fibra de nylon electrohilado, para evitar la fricción durante la eliminación de concreciones de fosfato de trifenilo sobre soportes de acetato de celulosa. Los resultados obtenidos ayudarán a mejorar las intervenciones de las películas cinematográficas históricas y abrirán el camino a nuevas investigaciones sobre el uso de disolventes verdes para la limpieza de objetos patrimoniales poliméricos
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GHENO, GIULIA. "Advanced polymeric and nanostructured coatings for Cultural Heritage conservation and restoration." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2927592.
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La ricerca e lo sviluppo di nuove tecnologie riguardanti materiali plastici e nanostrutturati hanno fornito un'ampia varietà di formulazioni a Restauratori e Conservatori, le quali possono essere utilizzate in modo versatile come leganti pittorici e da ritocco, adesivi, consolidanti, materiali di rivestimento, vernici o riempitivi per parti mancanti. Tuttavia, le prestazioni e la durata dei trattamenti a lungo termine, nonché la compatibilità tra l'opera d'arte e il prodotto applicato, vengono testate solo in casi molto limitati prima che il prodotto sia utilizzato nell’intervento conservativo. Negli ultimi anni, invece, la consapevolezza che trattamenti conservativi effettuati senza test preliminari possono causare danni o accelerare processi di degradazione, ha portato a un crescente interesse verso lo studio della stabilità e della durata dei materiali.
In questo lavoro sono stati studiati e confrontati i meccanismi di degrado di diversi prodotti commerciali polimerici e nanostrutturati, in particolare due copolimeri acrilici (Acril33 e Acril ME), due resine sintetiche (Aquazol 500 e Laropal A81), un consolidante a base di silice (Estel 1000) e due dispersioni di nanoparticelle (NanoEstel e NanoRestore), scelti per il loro diffuso utilizzo e per le loro diverse caratteristiche fisico-chimiche e applicazioni. Le potenzialità come consolidanti o materiali da ritocco sono state determinate in seguito alla caratterizzazione dei prodotti commerciali mediante Analisi Termogravimetrica (TGA), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Analisi in Campo Centrifugale (CSA), Viscosimetria, Cromatografia ad Esclusione Dimensionale (SEC) e Spettroscopia Infrarossa in Trasformata di Fourier (FT-IR). Successivamente, gli invecchiamenti accelerati di tipo termo-ossidativo, effettuati alle temperature di 80, 100, 120 e 140 ° C per un massimo di 15000 ore e gli invecchiamenti di tipo foto-ossidativo UVA λ=254 nm e UVC λ=366 nm, effettuati per un massimo di 2000 ore, hanno permesso, mediante analisi SEC, FT-IR, misure colorimetriche e di gloss, di definire i comportamenti prestazionali a lungo termine, i parametri cinetici di degradazione e i meccanismi di degradazione di ciascun prodotto commerciale studiato.
Infine, sono stati sintetizzati e testati materiali luminescenti con lo scopo di ottenere una facile discriminazione tra aree originali e ritoccate o consolidate del manufatto. A tale fine, i complessi luminescenti Eu(NO3)3(phen)2 e Tb(NO3)3(phen)2 sono stati preparati e dispersi nei prodotti commerciali polimerici e nanostrutturati qui studiati. Apprezzabile fotoluminescenza è stata osservata per entrambi i complessi dispersi nelle singole matrici e in seguito a loro invecchiamento foto-ossidativo UVA (λ=254 nm) per un massimo di 2000 ore.Development of techniques and research on plastic and nanostructured materials have provided a wide variety of formulations with versatile uses, such as binding and retouching media, adhesives, consolidants, coating materials, varnishes, or fillers for missing parts. However, the compatibility between artwork and applied products and their durability are tested only in very limited cases before application. In recent years, the awareness of the fact that conservative treatments applied without preliminary tests can cause damages or promote degradations processes, had leads to a growing interest towards the stability and durability of the materials used in conservation practices. In this work were studied and compared the degrading mechanisms occurring in different polymeric and nanostructured commercial products, in particular two acrylic co-polymers (Acril33 and Acril ME), two synthetic resins (Aquazol 500 and Laropal A81), a silicate consolidant (Estel 1000) and two nanoparticles dispersions (NanoEstel and NanoRestore), chosen for their widespread use and different physical-chemical characteristics and applications. The potentiality as consolidants or retouching materials was determined by means of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Centrifugal Separation Analysis (CSA), Viscometry, Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Afterwards, thermal (80, 100, 120 and 140°C up to 15000 hours) and photo-oxidative (UVA λ=254 nm, UVC λ=366 nm up to 2000 hours) accelerated aging tests allowed to define behaviours, long-lasting performances, degradation kinetic parameters as well as degradation mechanisms of each commercial product by means of SEC, FT-IR, colorimetric and gloss measurements. Finally, luminescent materials were synthesized and tested with the aim to discriminate between original and retouched or consolidated areas. The visible emitting lanthanide complexes Eu(NO3)3(phen)2 and Tb(NO3)3(phen)2 were prepared and embedded in the commercial polymeric and nanostructured products herein tested. Appreciable photoluminescence was observed for the complexes once dispersed in the different matrices and after photo-oxidative aging (UVA λ=254 nm up to 2000 hours) tests.
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譚士偉 and Si-wai Kenneth Tam. "Conservation planss for Kom Tong Hall." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31464075.
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Shum, Yuen-wah Ferna, and 岑苑樺. "Towards integrated heritage conservation in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258384.
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黃麗珠 and Lai-chu Phoebe Wong. "Conservation by contract: land lease as a mechanism for carrying out built-heritage conservation in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42189172.
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Pasaribu, Nursahara. "Restoration of vegetation along a channelized stream." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/941378.
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The disturbed soil from a stream channelization project at Cooper Woods was used to evaluate the feasibility of establishing native grasses and forbs and their effectiveness in preventing soil erosion. Treatments included; 1- plots seeded, no application of herbicide, 2-plots seeded, herbicide applied, 3-unseeded and untreated control plots. The effect of variation in slope was assessed for each treatment. Cover and density were significantly different (Ps0.05) during the first and second year of sampling. No significant differences in mean total cover or mean density were attributed to slope variation. There was not a significant interaction between treatment variables in 1994 and 1995. Mean erosion was insignificant (Pz0.05) in 1994. Mean erosion was significantly different (Ps0.001) between slope categories in 1995. Bulk density was insignificant within vegetative treatments in 994, however in 1995, bulk density was significantly different(P=0.002). Plant cover and density were generally negatively associated with soil erosion and bulk density. However, there were a number of anomalies in the results. Four of the native species seeded in treatment plots became well established during the study period. Additional time is necessary to determine the establishment success of the remaining species and their effects on soil erosion.Department of Biology
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Schulte, David M. "Unprecedented Restoration of a Native Oyster Metapopulation." W&M ScholarWorks, 2012. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617928.
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Büttgens, Peter J. "Restoration and re/creation of lacunae : the attitudes and principles of Gabriël Fagan Architects as expressed in the restoration of the Castle of Good Hoop [i.e. Hope]." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11750.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-113).A lacuna is a disruption in a figurative image and impedes comprehension of the unity of the whole. It is something missing, a void, in material form and, in some cases memory. The urge to eradicate or minimize a disruption to an aesthetic whole has long been a dilemma in conservation, particularly in painting and sculpture, but also in the repair of historical buildings. Any solution must address the issue of authenticity, as repair will be an insertion into an ancient, perhaps layered artefact. The solution requires a theoretically based methodology if the aim of the conservation intervention is to conserve the value and meaning of the building or artefact. The repair of lacunae at the Castle of Good Hope in Cape Town has had a distinct aesthetic impact on the complex and has changed the perception of the complex. The extensive three-decade-long intervention undertaken by Gabriël Fagan Architects is a re-establishment of the Castle complex as a VOC/Dutch fortified citadel as envisioned by the Architects and reveals the issues that must be confronted in order to conserve authenticity.
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Hassard, Frank. "Heritage, hermeneutics and hegemony : a study of ideological division in the field of conservation-restoration." Thesis, Bucks New University, 2006. http://bucks.collections.crest.ac.uk/9921/.
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In recent times, the concept of ‘intangible heritage’ has gained credence within the international heritage community, reflecting wider concerns relating to the cultural impact of global economic, technological and political forces. For many, intangible heritage represents a vital living mediation of the material past (i.e. tangible heritage) which deepens its significance and meaning-conferring qualities. This thesis explores how in recent times, the intangible heritage became ‘separated’ from the tangible heritage in such a way as to bring about ideological division within the field of heritage preservation and a sense of discontinuity with the past – particularly relating to the practice of restoration and its patrimony of expertise. The thesis argues that this has been attributable to an ‘institutionalised’ conception of heritage based essentially on a historiography of materials located in the ideological site of the museum – the repository where tangible heritage is housed, organised, interpreted, conserved, restored and displayed in such ways as to confer meaning upon the material world. By drawing extensively upon evidence from the literature and engaging the conservation-restoration field, the thesis develops discussion around the emergence (and subsequent institutionalisation) of a relatively recent scientific paradigm of practice – ‘scientific restoration’ – largely shaped by this ‘museological’ vision of heritage. It also considers how the work of Cesare Brandi came to be instrumental in the formulation of this vision but argues that such conceptions have been predicated upon a misappropriation of his ideas and a misreading of historical heritage preservation ideologies that has done much to contribute to tensions evident within the heritage community. To this end, the thesis aims to redress this historical impasse by reconsidering the function of restoration – especially in terms of what is added to the historical document – and reconciling the competing claims of the tangible and intangible by developing the concept of ‘authentic process’.
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Fritz, Gisela B. "The floral and faunal recovery of a restored coastal wetland : Kunz Marsh, South Slough, Coos Bay, Or. /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/5381.
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Chung, Kam-choi Antony, and 鍾錦財. "Conservation plan for Bowen Aqueduct." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31474147.
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Wiltberger, Christine N. "Conservation and fabrication techniques for restoring marezzo scagliola." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1214385.
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Marezzo scagliola is a type of artificial marble made by pulling pigmented skeins of raw silk through a wet mixture of pigmented plaster. This material was a popular architectural material used in prominent public building throughout the United States at the turn of the nineteenth century. Most of the marezzo scagliola found in American buildings today is near or more than 100 years old. While it is by nature a very durable material, the negative effects of temperature, moisture and building evolution have all but destroyed some examples of marezzo scagliola. Unfortunately, the original craft techniques used to fabricate marezzo scagliola were never well documented. Recipes and techniques were usually passed down from father to son or were closely coveted by artisans seeking to hold a monopoly in the market. In the last 20 years, a very small number of conservators working to restore all types of scagliola have begun to document the history of scagliola as well as the techniques used in repair and replication. This thesis will expand upon the small amount of information available by documenting in detail the process used to both fabricate and repair marezzo scagliola.Department of Architecture
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Reid, Bronwyn. "Cast architectural ornament : plaster and compo." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1214384.
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Plaster and compo are both materials used for cast architectural ornamentation. Preserving, repairing, and in-kind replacing cast architectural ornamentation is necessary to maintain the integrity of a space. Plaster and compo are visually and texturally very similar materials. Compo was invented to be a less costly substitute for plaster. Whereas the two materials are easily mistaken for one another, they are chemically quite different. The ingredients and methods used to create the two separate materials exemplify this difference. Understanding the differences is key to successfully preserving the ornaments and, thus, the spaces in which they are located. Repairing plaster with compo or compo with plaster can lead to the destruction of cast architectural ornaments. Furthermore, chemical paint removers that are safe to use on plaster can deteriorate compo. It is necessary to thoroughly understand the nature of the materials so that informed decisions can be made about their treatments. The study addresses the similarities and differences, the maintenance, deterioration, repair, and replacement of the two materials.Department of Architecture
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Hammond, David Scott. "The restoration of tropical dry forest after agriculture in Chiapas, Mexico." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278138.
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Augustyn-Clark, Jayson. "Between memory and history: the restoration of Tulbagh as cultural signifier." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25261.
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This dissertation examines heritage as a social construct by way of critically accessing the precursors, proponents and processes of the Tulbagh restoration. This research is focused on understanding the reasons why and how, after the earthquake of 1969, Church Street was reinstated to its 'historic' 18/19th century appearance. This reconstructive restoration is unpacked within its South African socio-political, 20th-century situation to examine the motivations of the proponents behind the restoration as well as their conservation philosophies that underpinned the stylistic reconstruction of Tulbagh back to what was regarded as its Cape Dutch 'best'. The study comprises of an examination of both the theoretical development and practical application of reconstructions. Research traces the development of conservation in South Africa, first under the Union government and then under the Afrikaner Nationalist government to understand how Afrikaner Nationalism was superseded by the creation of a white South African identity. Pierre Nora's theories around memory and identity are explored and applied in order to contextualise the Tulbagh case study in a theoretical framework to highlight similarities and differences. The proponents of the Tulbagh restoration consisted of a wide and varied selection of the South African conservation fraternity and included the National Society, the Cape Institute of Architects, historian Dr Mary Cook, the Simon van der Stel Foundation, Anton Rupert and his Historic Homes Company, Gawie and Gwen Fagan and Dr Hans Fransen, as well as the National Monuments Commission/Council. These same role players came together in the decade before the earthquake to formalise their association, conservation resolve and philosophies. The findings of the study suggest that although united with a common vision, philosophy and determination, these conservation advocates all had their own agenda and differing motivations for their involvement in Tulbagh's restoration. Motivations ranged from straightforward conservation concern and a response to the threat of cultural devastation on one hand to ideological nation-building ideals and Afrikaner nationalism on the other. Although politics impacted early on and all three levels of government funded the bulk of the restoration costs, the diversity of the proponents suggests that this project was more complex than being motivated primarily by nationalism.
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Kes, Aysu. "Local Dynamics In The Process Of Conservation And Restoration Projects In Kastamonu." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606943/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
LOCAL DYNAMICS IN THE PROCESS OF CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION PROJECTS IN KASTAMONU
Aysu Kes
M.Sc., Urban Policy Planning and Local Governments
Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sibel Kalaycioglu
January 2006, 102 pages
The aim of this thesis is to understand the local participation dynamics in Turkey, especially in the cities with small populations. The conservation and restoration projects in Kastamonu were chosen as the case in order to achieve this aim. These projects include the restoration and reuse of historical/traditional houses in Turkey. The research was focused on the stakeholders in relation to these projects in order to be able to examine the social processes with regard to the local participation in Kastamonu.
The major data collection method of this research was interviews with three groups of stakeholders. These stakeholders were the decision- makers, the owners of the houses, and the local people. For the research, 41 interviews were conducted in November 2004 in Kastamonu. The interviews included questions with regard to perceptions of the respondents about the issues of participation and decision- making dynamics, as well as the conception of sense of place, through the conservation and restoration processes. All these interviews were recorded and transcribed for discourse analysis.
There are three major findings of this thesis. Firstly, the stakeholders do not have a consistent perception of what participation is. This leads to the second finding that the level of interaction and the level of participation are low among the stakeholders. Thirdly, the conservation and restoration projects in Kastamonu are perceived as economic investments by the vast majority of people. The heritage and cultural value of the houses are less frequently referred to.
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Colvin, Wesley I. "Linking invasive plant management, conservation, and restoration on Santa Cruz Island, California /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Redpath, Nicola. "Restoration and management of wildflower-rich machair for the conservation of bumblebees." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3287.
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Over the last half century, the widespread decline of bumblebees across the agricultural landscapes of Western Europe and North America has been well documented. This decline has undoubtedly been driven to a large extent by the intensification of agriculture, which has fragmented landscapes and removed large areas of suitable foraging habitat, nesting and hibernation sites. Consequently, some of the rarest Bombus species now persist only in isolated pockets of semi-natural habitat, which have been subjected to little agricultural intensification. Of the 25 Bombus species native to the UK, three species have gone extinct in recent decades and several others are severely threatened. Remaining populations of the UK’s rarest bumblebee, Bombus distinguendus, have become strongly associated with florally-rich machair grassland habitats found only in the North and West of Scotland and Western Ireland. Machair, a unique habitat that forms on soils rich in shell sand, has been maintained by rotational agricultural practices implemented by crofters. However, recent changes in crofting practices, which include the intensive grazing of machair in some areas, or conversely the abandonment of machair management all together in others, have resulted in sections of machair that have become degraded and consequently exhibit low floral abundance and species diversity. This has significant implications for species such as B. distinguendus, which have for the most part come to rely of the florally-rich swards of machair grassland. This thesis aimed to develop a greater understanding of how machair grassland habitats are utilised by foraging bumblebees, including B. distinguendus, and in turn examined the potential for restoring degraded areas of machair via a variety of methods. The research presented here examines the influence of current crofting practices on the abundance of bumblebees and their forage plant species and combines this information with a detailed exploration of the machair seed bank and potential machair restoration treatments. The specific foraging requirements of B. distinguendus were found to be similar to those of other long-tongued bumblebee species and the provision of plants from the Fabaceae family was found to be of particular importance. Current crofting practices implemented in the North and West of Scotland were, on the whole, found support low numbers of foraging bumblebees. Similarly, existing habitat management schemes, designed to provide early cover for corncrakes and foraging resources for bumblebees, were found to be largely ineffective in attracting B. distinguendus, when compared with florally-rich machair habitat. In addition, this research suggests that the existing machair seed bank is unlikely to provide a sufficient resource for reinstating florally-rich habitat to degraded areas of machair. However, this thesis has demonstrated that it is possible to implement seed mixes on machair which can reinstate species typical of machair plant communities and which also attract high numbers of foraging bumblebees. The findings of these habitat assessments and restoration trials are examined in full in the following chapters and implications for the future management of wildflower-rich machair are discussed throughout.
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Carrillo-Guerrero, Yamilett Karina. "Water Conservation, Wetland Restoration and Agriculture in the Colorado River Delta, Mexico." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195396.
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In arid lands, wetland loss is the result not only of the scarcity of water itself, but of the management of water to maximize off-stream uses. Declaring a wetland as a protected natural area is not enough when its water supply is not protected as well. In a fully-diverted, over-allocated, drought-prone Colorado River ecosystem, its delta has no instream flows allocated. Water use efficiency (WUE) is touted as the panacea for water shortages and lack of instream flows. I evaluated the relationships between water use in the Mexicali Irrigation District and the water supply for the Colorado River delta wetlands. The survey applied to 521 farmers complemented the GIS analysis to create a spatial distribution of agronomic and socio-economic factors influencing farmers’ options to improve WUE in irrigation. Mexicali farmers apply 10,496 m³/ha/yr; 4% higher than the legal allotment. Still, 28% of the district’s soils are salt-affected (ECe > 8dS/m), 19% are sodic (ESP > 50%), and 39% of the salt load in irrigation water accumulates in the soils. Thus, Mexicali farmers apply more water than plants need in order to maintain the sustainability of their soils. From an agronomic perspective, increasing WUE is feasible in 80% of the valley. However, high costs and lack of technical knowledge limit farmers’ options to either continue using as much water as they do now or rent/sell their water rights to larger farming operations or urban developments. Mexicali’s agriculture provides 87 Mm³ of water to the delta marshes, and seepage from unlined canals and subsurface flows generated by irrigation contribute to sustain riparian areas. Agricultural “inefficiencies” become the main source of water for wetlands when flows are fully diverted. The Irrigation District 014 is an integral part of the delta ecosystem; this is a required change in the agriculture-wetland paradigm. The restoration of arid and over-allocated rivers requires the integration of irrigation practices and WUE with the allocation of water for instream flows. The restoration of wetlands of international watersheds like the Colorado River requires the bi-national collaboration beyond memorandums of understanding between the countries; treaties where environmental flows are actually allocated will better serve shared ecosystems.
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Rapley, Robert. "The transfer and restoration of old recordings /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69590.
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The process of remastering old recordings comprises two basic stages: the transfer of the material from the source to a modern format, and the subsequent restoration of the transferred material through various forms of signal processing. The transfer stage in particular requires an understanding of issues which are becoming increasingly less familiar to engineers as the science of recording progresses further into the digital era. To a lesser extent, the restoration stage involves the use of certain techniques and forms of processing which are specific to this application.This thesis is intended as a reference for those recording engineers who occasionally undertake remastering projects, but who are not thoroughly acquainted with the many different situations and problems which can be involved. Emphasis is given to those areas which are likely to be least familiar to most engineers.
In order to enable the engineer to properly assess a given source, the evolution and characteristics of each type of source--cylinder, disc and tape--is surveyed. This is followed in each case by an examination of the preparation, equipment and method used in transferring the source. Finally, the various types of processing which can be applied to the transferred material are presented, focusing on the techniques and forms of signal processing which are specific to audio restoration.
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Zhang, Yi, and 張怡. "Xi'an Muslim Quarter: opportunities and challenges for public participation in historic conservation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42188908.
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Comeau, Paula Jean. "Prairie Conservation and Reconstruction Studies in Communication, Application, and Education." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28232.
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Natural Resources Management is a combination of disciplines all working together to improve management practices, environmental education, and cross-discipline communication. Land managers and conservationist have become a group of people thrust into the public eye and to help the world make sense of the ecological and climatic changes that are taking place. For this reason, Natural Resources Management PhD?s have become a community needed to interface with the public in order to balance environmental and societal needs. This dissertation project took a renaissance approach by examining a wide range of fields. It is said that a Renaissance man is knowledgeable and proficient in a wide range of fields or they are interdisciplinary. The world is in need of a conservation renaissance to reconnect the environment back to societal values, and it is going to need an interdisciplinary approach to do so. To do this each of the three areas: communication, education, and application were explored. Communication was addressed in two parts, first through the completion of a partnered publication with United States Fish and Wildlife Services, which used a framework from education (backward design) to communicate best practices for tallgrass prairie reconstruction in North Dakota. A second document was then completed describing how the backward design model was used to optimize communication. To further connect the importance of education to Natural Resource Management, I partnered with the Minnesota State University Moorhead Regional Science Center and their curriculum based field trips; drawing artifacts were collected and examined using the coding scheme from Human Figure Drawing and cross-racial facial recognition to determine what cues are utilized in novice plant observers. The Natural Resource Management application research was conducted on conservation lands in eastern North and South Dakota comparing the spike seeding method with more traditional seeding methods.
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SAVONITTO, GILDA. "BASE KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLEMENTATIONS IN THE RESTORATION OF MEDITERRANEAN MARINE FORESTS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/3030496.
Full textAbstract:
Brown macroalgae of the genus Cystoseira sensu lato (Fucales, Phaeophyta, henceforth Cystoseira) form dense canopy forests along the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, sustaining biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles. In the last 4 decades, these habitats have undergone substantial and widespread regression, because of local natural and anthropogenic pressures and, more recently, global climatic stressors.
Despite conservation policies have been adopted to passively counteract the deterioration of these habitats, the natural recovery is infrequent. For this reason, active restoration efforts are required and strongly recommended. In particular, restoration by ex situ recruitment enhancement is to be favoured. This is a sustainable and non-destructive methodology, which foresees the collection of fertile apices in a donor site, the reproduction and cultivation of propagules in mesocosm and the further outplanting of the cultivated germlings in a receiving site to be restored.
In this thesis, the theme of restoration of Cystoseira forests by ex situ recruitment enhancement is addressed. The I part of the work provides base-knowledge on three Cystoseira species, useful to underpin further restoration efforts. In the first chapter, the early development of Ericaria barbatula (= C. barbatula) is described. This threatened species, particularly requiring in terms of water quality, could be a possible candidate for restoration efforts, thus the acquired knowledge could be exploited for the development of culturing protocols for ex situ recruitment enhancement. The second chapter represents the first description of the detrimental effects of a marine heatwave on the reproductive phenology of a macroalga, providing some considerations on the possible role of thermal anomalies and climate change in explaining the decline of Gongolaria barbata (= C. barbata) observed in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea) in the last thirty years, and of Cystoseira species in general. The third chapter focuses on the thermotolerance of early-life stages and adults of Ericaria giacconei (= C. hyblaea), a dotted endemism of the south-central Mediterranean Sea, discussing its conservation under ocean warming. Also the first description of the species’ embryology is provided.
The II part of this work focuses on some of the first restoration efforts of Cystoseira species by ex situ recruitment enhancement in the Mediterranean Sea and the application of novel methods towards its upscaling. The first chapter reports the first restoration of G. barbata in the Adriatic Sea by ex situ recruitment enhancement, addressing the effects of the abovementioned marine heatwave and fish grazing on the restoration performance. Also in this case, the description of the species’ embryology is published for the first time. The second chapter investigates the effect of the donor population and the receiving site on the restoration performance and the feasibility of decreasing the restoration costs by reducing the cultivation time in mesocosm.
This thesis contributes to the science behind the restoration of Cystoseira forests in the Mediterranean, which is still at the outset. The results obtained in the I part provide new knowledge on the biology of Cystoseira species from different parts of the Mediterranean Sea, useful to underpin future restoration efforts. In the II part, the implementation of restoration efforts shows how, despite biological and logistic challenges can be overcome, complex environmental dynamics and unpredictable climatic events represent the major threat to the success of restoration of Cystoseira s.l. forests, strongly limiting the possibilities of upscaling and the predictability of outcomes. In a context of ever increasing anomalous climatic events and environmental pressures on coastal habitats, the implementation of mitigation actions results as a crucial strategy to manage the stochasticity of restoration results.Brown macroalgae of the genus Cystoseira sensu lato (Fucales, Phaeophyta, henceforth Cystoseira) form dense canopy forests along the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, sustaining biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles. In the last 4 decades, these habitats have undergone substantial and widespread regression, because of local natural and anthropogenic pressures and, more recently, global climatic stressors. Despite conservation policies have been adopted to passively counteract the deterioration of these habitats, the natural recovery is infrequent. For this reason, active restoration efforts are required and strongly recommended. In particular, restoration by ex situ recruitment enhancement is to be favoured. This is a sustainable and non-destructive methodology, which foresees the collection of fertile apices in a donor site, the reproduction and cultivation of propagules in mesocosm and the further outplanting of the cultivated germlings in a receiving site to be restored. In this thesis, the theme of restoration of Cystoseira forests by ex situ recruitment enhancement is addressed. The I part of the work provides base-knowledge on three Cystoseira species, useful to underpin further restoration efforts. In the first chapter, the early development of Ericaria barbatula (= C. barbatula) is described. This threatened species, particularly requiring in terms of water quality, could be a possible candidate for restoration efforts, thus the acquired knowledge could be exploited for the development of culturing protocols for ex situ recruitment enhancement. The second chapter represents the first description of the detrimental effects of a marine heatwave on the reproductive phenology of a macroalga, providing some considerations on the possible role of thermal anomalies and climate change in explaining the decline of Gongolaria barbata (= C. barbata) observed in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea) in the last thirty years, and of Cystoseira species in general. The third chapter focuses on the thermotolerance of early-life stages and adults of Ericaria giacconei (= C. hyblaea), a dotted endemism of the south-central Mediterranean Sea, discussing its conservation under ocean warming. Also the first description of the species’ embryology is provided. The II part of this work focuses on some of the first restoration efforts of Cystoseira species by ex situ recruitment enhancement in the Mediterranean Sea and the application of novel methods towards its upscaling. The first chapter reports the first restoration of G. barbata in the Adriatic Sea by ex situ recruitment enhancement, addressing the effects of the abovementioned marine heatwave and fish grazing on the restoration performance. Also in this case, the description of the species’ embryology is published for the first time. The second chapter investigates the effect of the donor population and the receiving site on the restoration performance and the feasibility of decreasing the restoration costs by reducing the cultivation time in mesocosm. This thesis contributes to the science behind the restoration of Cystoseira forests in the Mediterranean, which is still at the outset. The results obtained in the I part provide new knowledge on the biology of Cystoseira species from different parts of the Mediterranean Sea, useful to underpin future restoration efforts. In the II part, the implementation of restoration efforts shows how, despite biological and logistic challenges can be overcome, complex environmental dynamics and unpredictable climatic events represent the major threat to the success of restoration of Cystoseira s.l. forests, strongly limiting the possibilities of upscaling and the predictability of outcomes. In a context of ever increasing anomalous climatic events and environmental pressures on coastal habitats, the implementation of mitigation actions results as a crucial strategy to manage the stochasticity of restoration results.
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Mullins, Anne Kreger. "How to revitalize a historic downtown after the tax reform." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22986.
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胡可璣 and Ho-kei Maggie Wu. "Partnership in heritage conservation: what can Hong Kong learn from London?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41680522.
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Tang, Yik-ting Edwin, and 鄧亦庭. "Agenda setting in urban regeneration and heritage conservation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46737650.
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Marx, Dane Lee. "An assessment of ecological impacts of community-based restoration on communal grasslands in the Drakensberg foothills." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11136.
Full textAbstract:
Okhombe is a ward in the Northern Drakensberg where community based restoration of degraded lands has been conducted for over a decade. In this important water supply region, payment for ecosystem services has been suggested as a means through which to conserve biodiversity, improve veld condition, provide income to local communities, and ensure water security. However, before such alternative market mechanisms can be considered, the effects of community based restoration must be properly quantified. The primary aim of this study was to determine some of the ecological impacts of community based restoration in these communal grasslands.
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Antonio, Senen Melchor Ampil. "Urban conservation and development : sustaining the spirit of place /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?
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Nicolay, John. "Historic preservation: a study in local public administration." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27843.
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Do citizen volunteers, sitting on legislatively created local historic architectural review boards, represent a part of the American governance tradition? This study examines the relationships between public board members, citizen interests, career public administrators and the elected appointing authorities. This research involved a national survey of over 1200 members of boards of historic architectural review. In addition, four town or county case studies are presented in detail. These case studies are Jonesborough, Tennessee; Lynchburg, Virginia; Cobb County, Georgia; and Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. These case studies are examined through an ecological perspective.
Within the context of this study, boards of historic architectural review are very much a part of the urban/town/county governance model. They are highly professional in their composition, highly egalitarian, and deeply committed to furthering highly individualistic notions of community. Although some national community studies suggest a malaise in communitarian ideals, this research suggests just the contrary. The failure of citizenship falls more upon the legitimacy accorded to citizens as public administrators rather than an apathy toward manifesting that citizenship.
Historic preservation itself is in a national state of disarray. Its ethos is poorly defined, and the national wellspring for preservation impetus to the local community is strained. Most communities find themselves struggling to fit a nostalgic, sentimental vision of the preserved environment into a well articulated economic model.
This research suggests that local historic architectural review boards need to draw upon themselves to create better opportunities through self-study and formal certification programs. By enhancing their natural reserves of professionalism and commitment, they will advertise what they already do very well: administer in the public interest. By joining with like-minded community-based public boards this new coalition promises a energy and direction for municipal governments. The key is to foster an open environment of dialogue and debate centered on furthering good, responsive government.Ph. D.
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Kong, Siu-nga, and 江兆雅. "When value management meets conservation management: a possible progress for conservation practice in HongKong?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50716025.
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Lau, Wing-chung, and 劉永聰. "Saving face: a new approach in conserving heritage brickwork by understanding the issue of salination." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4709249X.
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Fair face lime-based brickwork is one of the most popular types of fa?ade in early colonial buildings in Hong Kong. A good proportion of such buildings are slowly but inexorably disappearing. Since the sixties, the awareness of the general public in heritage preservation of Hong Kong started in its embryonic form, gradually evolved through the seventies and eighties, gaining momentum to active involvement in the nineties, and finally to the organized and pragmatic approach of today.
In 1976, the Hong Kong Government enacted the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance to ensure that the best examples of Hong Kong’s heritage are protected. With the establishment of the Antiquities and Monuments Office in at the same year, a number of buildings with historical and architectural values have been declared as monument or included in the list of graded heritage buildings since then and their conditions are being concerned. However, conservation principles have not been highlighted in our local heritage building maintenance practices. Perhaps, due to client’s intention, funding constrains, and/or lacking of skillful craftsmen and expert supervision, incompatible building materials and inappropriate methods have been applied on those fair face brickwork fa?ade. More and more evidence shows that such maintenance practices worsen the condition of the historic fa?ade and causing damages to the heritage. No doubt, fa?ades of those deteriorating heritage buildings are deserved proper maintenance and repair under appropriate conservation approaches.
The focus of this dissertation is upon the understanding the issue of brickwork failure particularly owning to the saturation of soluble salt in brickwork attributed to various inappropriate maintenance approaches. To establish a guideline for lime-based brickwork fa?ade maintenance to ensure longevity, reduce costs and improve value.published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation