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Journal articles on the topic 'Iron'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Caza, Mélissa, François Lépine, Sylvain Milot, and Charles M. Dozois. "Specific Roles of the iroBCDEN Genes in Virulence of an Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli O78 Strain and in Production of Salmochelins." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 8 (June 9, 2008): 3539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00455-08.

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ABSTRACT Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains are a subset of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains associated with respiratory infections and septicemia in poultry. The iroBCDEN genes encode the salmochelin siderophore system present in Salmonella enterica and some ExPEC strains. Roles of the iro genes for virulence in chickens and production of salmochelins were assessed by introducing plasmids carrying different combinations of iro genes into an attenuated salmochelin- and aerobactin-negative mutant of O78 strain χ7122. Complementation with the iroBCDEN genes resulted in a regaining of virulence, whereas the absence of iroC, iroDE, or iroN abrogated restoration of virulence. The iroE gene was not required for virulence, since introduction of iroBCDN restored the capacity to cause lesions and colonize extraintestinal tissues. Prevalence studies indicated that iro sequences were associated with virulent APEC strains. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of supernatants of APEC χ7122 and the complemented mutants indicated that (i) for χ7122, salmochelins comprised 14 to 27% of the siderophores present in iron-limited medium or infected tissues; (ii) complementation of the mutant with the iro locus increased levels of glucosylated dimers (S1 and S5) and monomer (SX) compared to APEC strain χ7122; (iii) the iroDE genes were important for generation of S1, S5, and SX; (iv) iroC was required for export of salmochelin trimers and dimers; and (v) iroB was required for generation of salmochelins. Overall, efficient glucosylation (IroB), transport (IroC and IroN), and processing (IroD and IroE) of salmochelins are required for APEC virulence, although IroE appears to serve an ancillary role.

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2

Zhu, Mingang, Marianne Valdebenito, Günther Winkelmann, and Klaus Hantke. "Functions of the siderophore esterases IroD and IroE in iron-salmochelin utilization." Microbiology 151, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 2363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27888-0.

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The siderophore salmochelin is produced under iron-poor conditions by Salmonella and many uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. The production of salmochelin, a C-glucosylated enterobactin, is dependent on the synthesis of enterobactin and the iroBCDEN gene cluster. An E. coli IroD protein with an N-terminal His-tag cleaved cyclic salmochelin S4 to the linear trimer salmochelin S2, the dimer salmochelin S1, and the monomers dihydroxybenzoylserine and C-glucosylated dihydroxybenzoylserine (salmochelin SX, pacifarinic acid). The periplasmic IroE protein was purified as a MalE–IroE fusion protein. This enzyme degraded salmochelin S4 and ferric-salmochelin S4 to salmochelin S2 and ferric-salmochelin S2, respectively. In E. coli, uptake of ferric-salmochelin S4 was dependent on the cleavage by IroE, and independent of the FepBDGC ABC transporter in the cytoplasmic membrane. IroC, which has similarities to ABC-multidrug-resistance proteins, was necessary for the uptake of salmochelin S2 from the periplasm into the cytoplasm. IroE did not function as a classical binding protein since salmochelin S2 was taken up in the absence of a functional IroE protein. IroC mediated the uptake of iron via enterobactin in a fepB mutant. IroE was also necessary in this case for the uptake of ferric-enterobactin, which indicated that only the linear degradation products of enterobactin were taken up via IroC. PfeE, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa IroE homologue, was cloned, and its enzymic activity was shown to be very similar to that of IroE. It is suggested that homologues in other bacteria are also periplasmic IroE-type esterases of siderophores.

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3

Kasmaee, Sara, Francesco Tinti, and Roberto Bruno. "CHARACTERIZATION OF METAL GRADES IN A STOCKPILE OF AN IRON MINE (CASE STUDY- CHOGHART IRON MINE, IRAN)." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 33, no. 2 (2018): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2018.2.5.

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4

Shohail, Hussain Md, Milan Kumar Taye, Long Teron, Nikhil Ranjan Rajkhowa, Mohsina Ahmed, and Muslima Firdaus Khan. "Oral iron versus intravenous iron therapy in moderate iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy." New Indian Journal of OBGYN 10, no. 1 (August 2023): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/obgyn.2023.10.1.29.

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5

Roganović, Jelena. "PARENTERAL IRON THERAPY IN CHILDREN WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Paediatrics Today 11, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5457/p2005-114.106.

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6

Dongarwar Tejas Kotecha, Akashkumar. "Intravenous Iron Sucrose versus Oral Iron in Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2023): 920–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr23214214820.

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7

Modi, Dr Akshay, Dr Nirmam Dr. Nirmam, and Dr Noopur Dr. Noopur. "Effect of Iron Sucrose Infusion in Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 10 (October 1, 2011): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/oct2013/108.

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8

Naeem, Ayesha, Mazhar Nazir Chattha, and Abdul Matin Qaisar. "IRON DEFICIENT MOTHERS." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 08 (August 9, 2018): 1173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4584.

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9

Djazayery, A. "Iron status and socioeconomic determinants of the quantity and quality of dietary iron in a group of rural Iranian women." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 7, no. 4-5 (September 15, 2001): 652–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2001.7.4-5.652.

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Iron intake and status were investigated in 471 mothers [age range: 16-53 years] from rural areas in Khorramabad, Islamic Republic of Iran. Although average total iron intake was acceptable, only 6.4% of women derived at least 4% of their total intake from animal iron. Average energy and protein intakes were inadequate. Low iron status was seen in 8.2%-28.7%, depending on the parameter used, with 28.3% experiencing iron-deficiency anaemia. Significantly higher animal iron intakes were found in literate or employed women, or those of family size fewer than six people. Increasing employment opportunities, income levels and literacy rates for women will result in better iron intake and status and should receive particular attention in national planning.

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10

Song, Tingting, Zibin Chen, Xiangyuan Cui, Shenglu Lu, Hansheng Chen, Hao Wang, Tony Dong, et al. "Strong and ductile titanium–oxygen–iron alloys by additive manufacturing." Nature 618, no. 7963 (May 31, 2023): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05952-6.

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AbstractTitanium alloys are advanced lightweight materials, indispensable for many critical applications1,2. The mainstay of the titanium industry is the α–β titanium alloys, which are formulated through alloying additions that stabilize the α and β phases3–5. Our work focuses on harnessing two of the most powerful stabilizing elements and strengtheners for α–β titanium alloys, oxygen and iron1–5, which are readily abundant. However, the embrittling effect of oxygen6,7, described colloquially as ‘the kryptonite to titanium’8, and the microsegregation of iron9 have hindered their combination for the development of strong and ductile α–β titanium–oxygen–iron alloys. Here we integrate alloy design with additive manufacturing (AM) process design to demonstrate a series of titanium–oxygen–iron compositions that exhibit outstanding tensile properties. We explain the atomic-scale origins of these properties using various characterization techniques. The abundance of oxygen and iron and the process simplicity for net-shape or near-net-shape manufacturing by AM make these α–β titanium–oxygen–iron alloys attractive for a diverse range of applications. Furthermore, they offer promise for industrial-scale use of off-grade sponge titanium or sponge titanium–oxygen–iron10,11, an industrial waste product at present. The economic and environmental potential to reduce the carbon footprint of the energy-intensive sponge titanium production12 is substantial.

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11

Lemanski, Clara L., Tianna J. Schott, and Young Dal Jang. "PSIV-15 Effect of Secondary Iron Injection Timing to Suckling Pigs on Pre- and Post-Weaning Growth Performance and Hematological Parameters." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_2 (October 28, 2023): 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad341.351.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of secondary iron injection timing to suckling pigs on pre- and post-weaning growth performance and hematological variables. A total of 22 pigs (initial body weight: 1.62 ± 0.12 kg) from 4 litters were allotted into 3 treatments within litter based on body weight and sex at d 1-3 of age (d 0 of experiment) as follows: 1) Control: intramuscular injection of 150 mg iron-dextran at d 0 of experiment only, 2) Iron14: intramuscular injection of 150 mg iron-dextran at d 0 of experiment and 100 mg iron-dextran at d 10 of experiment (14 d before weaning), and 3) Iron7: intramuscular injection of 150 mg iron-dextran at d 0 of experiment and 100 mg iron-dextran at d 17 of experiment (7 d before weaning). The pigs were housed by litter in the suckling and nursery periods with a common corn-soybean meal-based diet during the nursery period. Body weight, hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit were measured at d 0, 10, 17, 24 (weaning), 31 and 38 of experiment. The Iron14 treatment tended to have greater final weight at d 38 of experiment than the control treatment (P = 0.07; 10.97 vs. 9.38 kg) and the Iron7 treatment had intermediate value (10.15 kg). The ADG in d 24-31 postweaning tended to be greater in the Iron14 treatment than the control and Iron7 treatments (P = 0.08; 82.6, 151.8, and 53.5 g/d for the control, Iron14, and Iron7 treatments, respectively). In hemoglobin concentrations, the Iron14 treatment had greater levels than the control treatment at d 17 (P = 0.06; 12.24, 13.51, and 11.66 g/dL, respectively), 24, and 31 (P < 0.05; 10.72, 12.74, and 12.77 g/dL, respectively) of experiment whereas the Iron7 treatment had greater concentrations than the control treatment at d 24, 31, and 38 (P< 0.05; 9.46, 10.60, and 11.21 g/dL, respectively) of experiment and less than Iron14 treatment at d 17 and 24 (P < 0.05; 10.63, 12.95, 11.91 g/dL, respectively) of experiment. Hematocrit showed similar response to hemoglobin concentrations in which the Iron 14 treatment had greater hematocrit than the control treatment at d 17, 24, 31 (P < 0.05) and 38 (P = 0.10) of experiment while the Iron7 treatment had greater hematocrit levels than the control treatment at d 24, 31, and 38 (P < 0.05) of experiment. Hematocrit levels only at d 17 of experiment was greater in the Iron14 treatment than the Iron7 treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the secondary iron injection to suckling piglets could improve early postweaning growth when the pigs were injected with iron at 14 d before weaning and increase hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit regardless of timing, but the differences in hemoglobin and hematocrit values varied depending on the timing of secondary iron injection.

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12

&NA;. "Iron dextran/iron sucrose." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1384 (January 2012): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201213840-00143.

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13

Kühn, Lukas C. "How Iron Controls Iron." Cell Metabolism 10, no. 6 (December 2009): 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2009.11.005.

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14

Shaw, Luci. "As Iron on Iron." Christianity & Literature 55, no. 4 (September 2006): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014833310605500423.

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15

Zhiguts, Y., and B. Hom'ak. "WEARFIRMNESS THERMITE CAST IRON." International scientific journal «Education and Science», no. 24(1) (2018): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31339/2617-0833-2018-24(1)-22-26.

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16

Borovik, A. S., and Lawrence Que. "Models for the iron(II)iron(III) and iron(II)iron(II) forms of iron-oxo proteins." Journal of the American Chemical Society 110, no. 7 (March 1988): 2345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00215a079.

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17

Mohammed, Tawfik Mahmood. "Quantum mechanical investigation of iron nanoparticle and its nanocomposites." University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 23, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/uajnas.2019.n1.a21.

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In this work, the theoretical visual models were constructed for iron nanoparticle and its nanocomposites. These models have been investigated by Hartree-Fock-Roothaan (HFR) method. Molecular orbitals are represented as blend in a linear combination of atomic orbitals of the atoms of the iron nanoparticle and its nanocomposites. It has been used as atomic orbitals whoever ; atomic iron orbitals Fe : 1s-, 2s-, 2px-, 2py-, 2pz-, 3s-, 3px-, 3py-, 3pz-, 3dx2-, 3dy2-, 3dz2-,3dxy-, 3dxz-, 3dyz-, 4s-, 4px-, 4py-, 4pz- and, 1s-, 2s-, 2px-, 2py-, 2pz- are atomic orbitals of Carboon (C) and floure (F), also 1s- atomic orbitals of Hydrogen (H). Besides, Gaussian functions have been used as atomic orbitals. The numerical values of unknown coefficients of the linear combination have been found from the solution of HFR equations. As a result of this calculations, the values of orbital energies, ionization potential, and the total electronic energy of iron nanoparticle and its nanocomposites have been determined . The calculations show that iron nanoparticle and polyvinliden floride + iron8 (PVDF+Fe8) nanocomposite are tough, electrophile, and stable dielectric, and polypropylene + iron8(PP+Fe8 )is tough, nucleophile, and stable semi-conductive material. The effective charge of atoms have been calculated and molecular diagrams of iron nanoparticles and its nanocomposites have been constructed.

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18

R, Sudha, and Ratna Bulusu. "Parenteral iron therapy for anaemia in pregnancy: ferric carboxy maltose versus iron sucrose." New Indian Journal of OBGYN 9, no. 1 (August 2022): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/obgyn.2022.9.1.8.

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19

Chen, Xiaohong, Rong Jin, Quan Du, Hao Feng, Yaoming Xie, and R. Bruce King. "Iron–iron bonding versus iron–phosphorus bonding in binuclear diphosphacyclobutadiene iron carbonyl complexes." Polyhedron 65 (November 2013): 298–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2013.08.025.

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20

Khalid, Jawaria, Muhammed Mehboob Ahmed, Misbah Khalid, Muhammad Asghar Butt, and Khalid Mahmood Akhtar. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA;." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 04 (April 8, 2018): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4623.

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21

Moglad, Ehssan, Nuor Alanazi, and Hisham N. Altayb. "Genomic Study of Chromosomally and Plasmid-Mediated Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Determinants in Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolates Obtained from a Tertiary Hospital in Al-Kharj, KSA." Antibiotics 11, no. 11 (November 6, 2022): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111564.

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Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emergent pathogen causing respiratory tract, bloodstream, and urinary tract infections in humans. This study defines the genomic sequence data, genotypic and phenotypic characterization of K. pneumoniae clinically isolated from Al-Kharj, KSA. Whole-genome analysis of four K. pneumoniae strains was performed, including de novo assembly, functional annotation, whole-genome-phylogenetic analysis, antibiotic-resistant gene identification, prophage regions, virulent factor, and pan-genome analysis. The results showed that K6 and K7 strains were MDR and ESBL producers, K16 was an ESBL producer, and K8 was sensitive to all tested drugs except ampicillin. K6 and K7 were identified with sequence type (ST) 23, while K16 and K8 were identified with STs 353 and 592, respectively. K6 and K7 were identified with the K1 (wzi1 genotype) capsule and O1 serotype, while K8 was identified with the K57 (wzi206 genotype) capsule and O3b. K6 isolates harbored 10 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) associated with four different plasmids; the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (catB3), blaOXA-1 and aac(6′)-Ib-cr genes were detected in plasmid pB-8922_OXA-48. K6 and K7 also carried a similar gene cassette in plasmid pC1K6P0122-2; the gene cassettes were the trimethoprim-resistant gene (dfrA14), integron integrase (IntI1), insertion sequence (IS1), transposase protein, and replication initiation protein (RepE). Two hypervirulent plasmids were reported in isolates K6 and K7 that carried synthesis genes (iucA, iucB, iucC, iucD, and iutA) and iron siderophore genes (iroB, iroC, iroD, and iroN). The presence of these plasmids in high-risk clones suggests their dissemination in our region, which represents a serious health problem.

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22

Nakhaeinejad, Mahdi, and Farzaneh Zarei. "Analysis of the factors affecting the iron ore pellet FEO index using data mining technique." Jurnal Sistem dan Manajemen Industri 4, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/jsmi.v4i2.2572.

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One of the most critical factors affecting iron pellet quality is the reduction in FeO (Iron Oxide) index in the final product. This study aims to predict factors affecting the FeO (Iron Oxide) of iron pellets and find out the contribution of each factor to reduce the pellets FeO (the ideal amount is between 0.4 to 0.6) using data mining techniques. When the FeO index's value is in the optimal range, the quality and price of pellets are higher. The data used in this study was collected from the pelletizing plant of Gol-E-Gohar in Sirjan, Iran, and the decision tree and regression algorithms are used in this analysis. Forty-five factors that can affect the FeO (Iron Oxide) index of the final product were studied, showing that the Magnesium Oxide and Airflow of the inlet fan of the indurating machine had the greatest impact on the FeO (Iron Oxide) of iron pellets.

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23

Eisenstein, Richard S., and Kenneth P. Blemings. "Iron Regulatory Proteins, Iron Responsive Elements and Iron Homeostasis." Journal of Nutrition 128, no. 12 (December 1, 1998): 2295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/128.12.2295.

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24

Kante, Stefan, and Andreas Leineweber. "The iron silicocarbide in cast irons revisited." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 815 (January 2020): 152468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152468.

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25

De Falco, L., M. Sanchez, L. Silvestri, C. Kannengiesser, M. U. Muckenthaler, A. Iolascon, L. Gouya, C. Camaschella, and C. Beaumont. "Iron refractory iron deficiency anemia." Haematologica 98, no. 6 (May 31, 2013): 845–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2012.075515.

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26

Keskin, Ebru Yılmaz, and İdil Yenicesu. "Iron-Refractory Iron Deficiency Anemia." Turkish Journal of Hematology 32, no. 1 (March 5, 2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjh.2014.0288.

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27

Finberg, Karin E. "Iron-Refractory Iron Deficiency Anemia." Seminars in Hematology 46, no. 4 (October 2009): 378–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.06.006.

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28

Garby, Lars. "Iron nutrition and iron deficiency." Acta Medica Scandinavica 179, S445 (April 24, 2009): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1966.tb02369.x.

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29

Brittenham, Gary M. "Iron chelators and iron toxicity." Alcohol 30, no. 2 (June 2003): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0741-8329(03)00101-0.

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30

Jacobs, Allan, and A. V. Hoffbrand. "Iron deficiency and iron overload." Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology 3, no. 2 (January 1985): 143–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1040-8428(85)80023-8.

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31

Jensen, Kasper P. "Iron–sulfur clusters: Why iron?" Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 100, no. 8 (August 2006): 1436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2006.03.016.

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32

Parida, N., B. B. Pani, and B. Ravi Kumar. "Acoustic emission assisted compaction studies on iron, iron-aluminium and iron-cast iron powders." Scripta Materialia 37, no. 11 (December 1997): 1659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6462(97)00325-4.

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33

Slíva, Jiří. "The role and current status of heme iron preparations in people with iron depletion." Česká gynekologie 87, no. 2 (April 26, 2022): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/cccg2022146.

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Iron deficiency is a common but underestimated condition in the population. Its correlate is far from only sideropenic anemia, but is due to the variety of involvement of this element in a number of bio chemical reactions; several other possible clinical manifestations can be expected. Appropriately selected oral supplementation is often necessary. Here, we should carefully consider the possible ratio of expected benefits and potential risks of side effects, or interaction with dietary components or concomitant medications. The available preparations are not equivalent; they diff er not only in atomically different amounts of iron but also, above all, in the form that determines the way in which the iron will be absorbed. This ultimately defines the rate of adjustment for depletion and the tolerability of a particular product. Key words: iron – depletion – supplementation – heme – anemia – adverse effects – tolerance

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34

Griffin, Ian J., and Marta Rogido. "Temporal Trends in Iron Intake, Iron Fortification, and Iron Deficiency." Journal of Nutrition 151, no. 7 (May 12, 2021): 1686–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab141.

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35

Abdulrehman, Jameel, Grace Tang, Rosane Nisenbaum, Jessica Petrucci, Katerina Pavenski, Andrea Lausman, Lisa K. Hicks, and Michelle Sholzberg. "Iron Deficiency Project in Pregnancy: Maternal Iron Optimization (IRON MOM)." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 4893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-115371.

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Abstract Background Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common and widespread nutritional deficiency in the world and is found predominantly in women of reproductive age. The prevalence of ID is even higher in pregnancy, as maternal iron requirements increase to accommodate the expansion of maternal red blood cell (RBC) mass, development of the placenta and fetus, and the loss of blood associated with labor and delivery. When ID leads to anemia (IDA), it is associated with preterm delivery, cesarian delivery, RBC transfusions, low birth weight, five minute Apgar score < 7, neonatal intensive care unit admission and long term effects on mental and psychomotor development in the child. Although ID in pregnancy is simple to diagnose and treat, it often goes undiagnosed and untreated, due to low awareness of its implications and multiple competing priorities. Objectives Our primary objective was to increase awareness of ID in pregnant women, measured by a process metric which compared the monthly rate of ferritin testing pre- versus post-initiative. Our secondary objective was to decrease the incidence of IDA in pregnant women, measured by comparing the proportion of women to ever have an antepartum hemoglobin (HB) ≥ 100g/L pre- versus post- initiative. Methods Using a multidisciplinary and sequential quality improvement approach, we developed the IRON MOM toolkit for use at our institution, St. Michael's Hospital (SMH), Toronto, Canada. The toolkit included educational resources for clinicians and patients, clinical pathways to guide management of ID in pregnancy, adjusted laboratory requisitions and providing standardized iron prescriptions in the prenatal clinic. The initiative was formally reviewed by institutional authorities and was deemed to neither require Research Ethics Board approval nor written informed consent from participants. Data was collected from the electronic patient record to compare pre-intervention data (January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2016) to post-intervention data (January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017). SAS software was used for statistical analysis. The monthly ferritin rates were calculated by dividing the number of ferritin tests by the number of outpatient HB tests, at each month and year and multiplying by 100. For the proportion of women to have ever had an antepartum HB ≥100g/L, as some women may have been in both the pre and post intervention groups, generalized estimating equations were used, with binomial distribution and logit link, to test for differences between pre and post periods. Results IRON MOM was launched at SMH on January 1, 2017. The pre-intervention five year period included 1292 outpatient ferritin tests, and 16,603 antepartum HB values belonging to 15,019 women and the post-intervention one year period included 2400 outpatient ferritin tests and 3282 antepartum HB values belonging to 3280 women. The monthly rate of ferritin testing increased dramatically post-initiative, 81.0 (Standard Deviation [SD] 6.3) compared to 8.4 (SD 4.4) pre-initiative. Please see figure 1 for details. There was a statistically significant increase in the proportion of women to have ever had an antepartum HB ≥ 100g/L, 89.5% (2936/3280) (95% confidence interval (CI) 88.3% to 90.4%) in the post-initiative, compared to 87.8% (13184/15,019)(95%CI 87.2% to 88.3%) in the pre-initiative period (p<0.01). Conclusions The IRON MOM toolkit successfully increased awareness of ID in pregnant women. The implementation of educational materials and simple process changes dramatically increased the rate of ferritin testing by almost 10x. Although there were statistically significant increases in the proportion of women with antepartum HB greater than 100g/L, post-IRON MOM, these changes were clinically insignificant. This was expected as this assessment was limited to one year (52 weeks) post intervention, and a full term pregnancy is 40 weeks. Therefore, only the women giving birth in the last 12 weeks of the year would have participated in the initiative throughout their entire pregnancy. We conclude that the practical changes involved in the IRON MOM tool kit have the potential for clinically meaningful impact. Future directions include simplification and digitization of the tool kit, which aim to maximize adherence to the protocols and further empower the pregnant patient. Disclosures Lausman: Ferring: Other: gave a talk.

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36

LINAKIS, JAMES G., PETER G. LACOUTURE, and ALAN WOOLF. "Iron absorption from chewable vitamins with iron versus iron tablets." Pediatric Emergency Care 8, no. 6 (December 1992): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199212000-00003.

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37

Chen, Shuang, and Xiao Cheng Zeng. "Interaction between Iron and Graphene Nanocavity: Formation of Iron Membranes, Iron Clusters, or Iron Carbides." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 9, no. 13 (March 22, 2017): 12100–12108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b00904.

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Demiya, Mitsutaka, Md Azhar Uddin, and Yoshiei Kato. "Enhancement in trichloroethylene dechlorination by mixed particles of iron–iron disulfide or iron–iron sulfide." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 6, no. 1 (February 2018): 1020–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.12.065.

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39

Shukla, Dr Dev N. "Study for Comparison of Iron Sucrose & Iron Sorbitol Citrate in Fixed Doses in Iron Deficiency Anemia during Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Center." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 05, no. 03 (March 22, 2017): 19242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i3.147.

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40

Amendola, Vincenzo, Pietro Riello, and Moreno Meneghetti. "Magnetic Nanoparticles of Iron Carbide, Iron Oxide, Iron@Iron Oxide, and Metal Iron Synthesized by Laser Ablation in Organic Solvents." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115, no. 12 (November 23, 2010): 5140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp109371m.

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41

Enara, Mohamed. "Case Report (Acute Iron Toxicity)." Advances in Clinical Toxicology 5, no. 2 (2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/act-16000185.

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42

Pfretzschner, Hans-Ulrich. "Iron oxides in fossil bone." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 220, no. 3 (June 11, 2001): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/220/2001/417.

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G, Ajifa Jeya Priya. "Iron India Rusts by Corruption." International Journal of Research in Arts and Science 01, no. 01 (February 25, 2015): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/ijras.8008.

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44

Lachowicz, Joanna I., Giusi Pichiri, Marco Piludu, Sara Fais, Germano Orrù, Terenzio Congiu, Monica Piras, et al. "Thymosin β4 Is an Endogenous Iron Chelator and Molecular Switcher of Ferroptosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010551.

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Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) was extracted forty years agofrom calf thymus. Since then, it has been identified as a G-actin binding protein involved in blood clotting, tissue regeneration, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory processes. Tβ4 has also been implicated in tumor metastasis and neurodegeneration. However, the precise roles and mechanism(s) of action of Tβ4 in these processes remain largely unknown, with the binding of the G-actin protein being insufficient to explain these multi-actions. Here we identify for the first time the important role of Tβ4 mechanism in ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, which leads to neurodegeneration and somehow protects cancer cells against cell death. Specifically, we demonstrate four iron2+ and iron3+ binding regions along the peptide and show that the presence of Tβ4 in cell growing medium inhibits erastin and glutamate-induced ferroptosis in the macrophage cell line. Moreover, Tβ4 increases the expression of oxidative stress-related genes, namely BAX, hem oxygenase-1, heat shock protein 70 and thioredoxin reductase 1, which are downregulated during ferroptosis. We state the hypothesis that Tβ4 is an endogenous iron chelator and take part in iron homeostasis in the ferroptosis process. We discuss the literature data of parallel involvement of Tβ4 and ferroptosis in different human pathologies, mainly cancer and neurodegeneration. Our findings confronted with literature data show that controlled Tβ4 release could command on/off switching of ferroptosis and may provide novel therapeutic opportunities in cancer and tissue degeneration pathologies.

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Sadighi, Jila, Saharnaz Nedjat, and Rahele Rostami. "Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of iron-fortified flour on iron status of populations worldwide." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 18 (September 5, 2019): 3465–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002179.

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AbstractObjective:Assess the effectiveness of iron-fortified flour on iron status.Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Setting:Argentina, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Brazil, Cameroon, Chile, China, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Denmark, India, Iran, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Mongolia, Morocco, Norway, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand, UK, USA, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, and Zambia.Participants:Fifty-two articles (ninety-four trials) were examined. The main target groups were women, children, and infants/toddlers. The effects of different types of iron-fortified flour (wheat, maize, rice, soy, and beans) on iron status were examined.Results:A random effects analysis of before–after studies showed that iron-fortified flour led to significant increases of mean haemoglobin level (3·360 g/l; 95 % CI: 0·980, 5·730) and mean serum ferritin level (4·518 µg/l; 95 % CI: 2·367, 6·669); significant decreases of anaemia (−6·7 %; 95 % CI: −9·8 %, −3·6 %) and iron deficiency (ID) (−10·4 %; 95 % CI: −14·3 %, −6·5 %); but had no significant effect on iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). A random effects analysis of controlled trials indicated that iron-fortified flour led to significant increases of mean haemoglobin level (2·630 g/l; 95 % CI: 1·310, 3·950) and mean ferritin level (8·544 µg/l; 95 % CI: 6·767, 10·320); and significant decreases of anaemia (−8·1 %; 95 % CI: −11·7 %, −4·4 %), ID (−12·0 %; 95 % CI: −18·9 %, −5·1 %), and IDA (−20·9 %; 95 % CI: −38·4 %, −3·4 %).Conclusions:Flour fortification with iron is an effective public health strategy that improves iron status of populations worldwide.

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Salman Zafar, Salman Zafar, Farrukh Sier Farrukh Sier, Samiullah Samiullah, and Gohar Ayub and Rahat Ullah Gohar Ayub and Rahat Ullah. "Spectrophotometric Estimation of Iron (III) in Iron Polysaccharide Complex Capsule Formulation and its Accelerated Stability." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 42, no. 1 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000609.

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Iron plays a pivotal role in human physiology, while its deficiency may prove fatal in severe cases. Analytical methods for the quantitative determination of iron are thus very important. Herein, we report the estimation of iron in iron Polysaccharide complex (IPSC) using raw material and formulations, through a spectrophotometric analytical method. IPSC capsules were formulated and their stability was studied by developing a simple and validated analytical method. The process is based on the acid hydrolysis of IPSC and the development of chromogen by reacting ammonium thiocyanate with IPSC, maximum absorption at 474 nm was observed. Beerand#39;s Lambert law (linearity response) was found in the range of 10-20 μg/ml with excellent correlation coefficient of determination (R = 0.998). The quantification and detection limits were established to be 0.45 mcg/ml and 0.14 mcg/ml correspondingly. The recovery of IPSC analysis was 99.25 to 102.28 %. Percentage assay of IPSC capsules showed results around 102.34 %. The formulated IPSC capsule was stable under accelerated conditions for 6 months (% assay andgt; 91.69). The dissolution profile over 60 minutes showed a better dissolution (94%) compared with the internationally marketed IPSC capsule (92%).

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Salman Zafar, Salman Zafar, Farrukh Sier Farrukh Sier, Samiullah Samiullah, and Gohar Ayub and Rahat Ullah Gohar Ayub and Rahat Ullah. "Spectrophotometric Estimation of Iron (III) in Iron Polysaccharide Complex Capsule Formulation and its Accelerated Stability." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 42, no. 1 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000609/jcsp/42.01.2020.

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Abstract:

Iron plays a pivotal role in human physiology, while its deficiency may prove fatal in severe cases. Analytical methods for the quantitative determination of iron are thus very important. Herein, we report the estimation of iron in iron Polysaccharide complex (IPSC) using raw material and formulations, through a spectrophotometric analytical method. IPSC capsules were formulated and their stability was studied by developing a simple and validated analytical method. The process is based on the acid hydrolysis of IPSC and the development of chromogen by reacting ammonium thiocyanate with IPSC, maximum absorption at 474 nm was observed. Beerand#39;s Lambert law (linearity response) was found in the range of 10-20 μg/ml with excellent correlation coefficient of determination (R = 0.998). The quantification and detection limits were established to be 0.45 mcg/ml and 0.14 mcg/ml correspondingly. The recovery of IPSC analysis was 99.25 to 102.28 %. Percentage assay of IPSC capsules showed results around 102.34 %. The formulated IPSC capsule was stable under accelerated conditions for 6 months (% assay andgt; 91.69). The dissolution profile over 60 minutes showed a better dissolution (94%) compared with the internationally marketed IPSC capsule (92%).

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48

Parida, Amiyaranjan, and Devananda Beura. "Morphology and Mineralogical Characteristics of Detrital Iron Deposit of North Odisha Iron Ore Craton, India." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 16, no. 24 (June 24, 2023): 1823–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v16i24.650.

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49

Moghadam, Ali Malekshahi, Mahboobeh Mehrabani Natanzi, Mahmoud Djalali, Ahmad Saedisomeolia, Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht, Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi, and Mahnaz Zareei. "Relationship between blood donors' iron status and their age, body mass index and donation frequency." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 131, no. 6 (2013): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2013.1316554.

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Regular blood donation may decrease body iron storage and lead to anemia. The aim here was to evaluate the iron status of Iranian male blood donors and the impact of age, body mass index (BMI) and donation frequency over one year, on iron status indices. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study at Tehran Blood Transfusion Center, Tehran, Iran. METHODS: Between July and September 2011, 117 male blood donors were selected and divided into four groups according to their frequency of blood donation. Thirty male non-donors were also recruited as controls after adjusting for age, weight, height, smoking habits and monthly income. Iron status indices and some criteria such as general health and dietary measurements were determined among all subjects. RESULTS: The values of the iron-related parameters were significantly lower among donors than among non-donors. Only total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was found to be significantly higher among different donor groups than in the controls. A significant positive correlation was observed between age and serum ferritin (SF) only among the donors who had donated once within the preceding year. The iron status indices did not show any significant relationship with BMI among donors or non-donors. CONCLUSION: A donation frequency of more than twice a year had a significant influence on iron-related parameters. Therefore, without annual measurement of these parameters, further phlebotomies may lead to iron deficiency and donor rejection in the future.

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&NA;. "Iron." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1182 (December 2007): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200711820-00067.

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