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Journal articles on the topic 'Iron oxide NPs'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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1

Huseen, Rania Hasan, Ali A. Taha, Ihab Q. Ali, Oday Mahmmod Abdulhusein, and Selma M. H. Al-Jawad. "Biological activity of gum Arabic-coated ferrous oxide nanoparticles." Modern Physics Letters B 35, no. 24 (July 28, 2021): 2150411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798492150411x.

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In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) had been prepared by co-precipitation method. In order to reduce their toxicity and increase stability, prepared iron oxide was coated with gum Arabic. Gum Arabic is preferred over synthetic materials due to their non-toxicity, low cost and availability. Characterization of coated and non-coated iron oxide NPs had been performed by spectrophotometer, Fourier transfer infra-red spectrophotometer (FTIR), Zeta potential, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopic (FE-SEM). The fabricated nanoparticles appeared purity and crystalline nature by XRD, with diameter average of 27.01 nm and 55.12 nm for iron oxide NPs and iron oxide NPs coated with gum Arabic, respectively. On the other hand, four biological activities of coated and non-coated iron oxide had been investigated. High removal of methylene blue pollutant dye (46%) was observed with iron oxide NPs, while removal percentage was 22.6 performed by iron oxide NPs coated with gum Arabic within 72 h. Iron oxide NPs revealed high inhibition zones of 27.5 nm and 30 mm, at 1000 [Formula: see text]g/ml, against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively, while coated iron oxide NPs with gum Arabic revealed low antibacterial activity against both examined bacteria even when used at 1000 [Formula: see text]g/ml. The hemolytic activity of prepared NPs had been determined. The hemolytic percentage was increased whenever concentrations of nanoparticles increased. Lower hemolytic percentages were 69.76 and 50.98 for iron oxide NPs and iron oxide NPs coated with gum Arabic were observed at a concentration of 250 [Formula: see text]g/ml. Finally, cytotoxic activity was estimated against MCF-7 cell line and normal cell line WRL68 by MTT assay. A decrease in MCF-7 viability to 65.1% was observed when 400 [Formula: see text]g/ml of iron oxide NPs was used, while WRL68 viability was 75.03%. Iron oxide NPs coated with gum Arabic revealed significant reduction in MCF-7 and WRL68 viability to 69.90% and 80.05%, respectively, when 400 [Formula: see text]g/ml of nanoparticles was applied.
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2

Batool, Sadaf, and Zakir Hussain. "Diospyros lotus-mediated Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Application as a Catalyst in Fenton Reaction." Current Nanoscience 16, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573413715666191023103729.

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Background: : Iron Oxide nanoparticles have enormous applications in environmental remediation and catalysis. The synthesis of such nanoparticles through a green approach provides a significant advantage due to the non-toxic nature of the ingredients involved. Method: : In the present work, Diospyros lotus fruit extract was used for the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs). The plant biomolecules were extracted employing two different solvents, i.e. water and methanol. The effect of both the extracts on the reduction of metal salt as well as on the shape and size of the produced NPs was investigated. Results:: UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of iron oxide NPs, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum depicted the presence of biomolecules on the surface of NPs as capping agents, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) diffractogram confirmed the crystalline structure of mixed iron oxide NPs and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images showed the spherical shape of NPs. The synthesized NPs were exploited to catalyze the degradation of methylene blue dye in the Fenton type catalytic reaction. The degradation reaction was monitored using UV-Visible spectroscopy, which indicated that the percent degradation increased from 15% (without iron oxide NPs) to 91% in the presence of organic extract prepared iron oxide NPs and to 81% in the presence of aqueous extract prepared iron oxide NPs. The effect of the concentration of methylene blue and iron oxide NPs on the degradation process was also investigated. Conclusion: : The results indicated the potential of synthesized nanoparticles to promote catalytic reactions involved in environmental remediation.
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3

Curcio, Alberto, Aurore Van de Walle, Christine Péchoux, Ali Abou-Hassan, and Claire Wilhelm. "In Vivo Assimilation of CuS, Iron Oxide and Iron Oxide@CuS Nanoparticles in Mice: A 6-Month Follow-Up Study." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14010179.

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Nanoparticles (NPs) are at the leading edge of nanomedicine, and determining their biosafety remains a mandatory precondition for biomedical applications. Herein, we explore the bioassimilation of copper sulfide NPs reported as powerful photo-responsive anticancer therapeutic agents. The nanoparticles investigated present a hollow shell morphology, that can be left empty (CuS NPs) or be filled with an iron oxide flower-like core (iron oxide@CuS NPs), and are compared with the iron oxide nanoparticles only (iron oxide NPs). CuS, iron oxide@CuS and iron oxide NPs were injected in 6-week-old mice, at doses coherent with an antitumoral treatment. Cu and Fe were quantified in the liver, spleen, kidneys, and lungs over 6 months, including the control animals, thus providing endogenous Cu and Fe levels in the first months after animal birth. After intravenous NPs administration, 77.0 ± 3.9% of the mass of Cu injected, and 78.6 ± 3.8% of the mass of Fe, were detected in the liver. In the spleen, we found 3.3 ± 0.6% of the injected Cu and 3.8 ± 0.6% for the Fe. No negative impact was observed on organ weight, nor on Cu or Fe homeostasis in the long term. The mass of the two metals returned to the control values within three months, a result that was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and histology images. This bioassimilation with no negative impact comforts the possible translation of these nanomaterials into clinical practice.
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4

Sabry, Raad S., Muslim A. Abid, and Sarah Q. Hussein. "Effects of Change PH on The Structural and Optical Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 32, no. 3 (June 24, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v32i3.967.

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Iron oxide nanoparticles were made using celery extract by chemical method with change PH. Bio-materials in celery extract synthesized the iron oxide nanoparticles by reducing iron (III) chloride (FeCl3) and then acted as both capping and stabilizing agents. The iron oxide NPs were characterized by XRD, SEM, and UV–vis techniques. The change PH affected the size, shape, and purity of iron oxide NPs. XRD results showed Crystallite size increased from 16.71nm to 21.65nm as pH was increased from 1.6 to 12. SEM images showed that the particle size of (α-Fe2O3) NPs was around 40.06 nm, while increasing PH showed different shapes in the same sample. The particle size became approximately 45.56 and 61.22 nm. UV–vis measurements showed the energy band increased from 3.11eV to 5.11eV. The antimicrobial activity of iron oxide NPs was determined by growth inhibition zones of the negative gram bacteria E. coli, Klebsiella spp, and gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and fungal Candida albicans. The zones for (α-Fe2O3) NPs when PH 1.6 was between (12-13) mm. The zones for (α-Fe2O3) NPs when PH 12 was a little higher between (13-15) mm.
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5

Suryawanshi, Prashant L., Shirish H. Sonawane, Bharat A. Bhanvase, Muthupandian Ashokkumar, Makarand S. Pimplapure, and Parag R. Gogate. "Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles in a continuous flow spiral microreactor and Corning® advanced flow™ reactor." Green Processing and Synthesis 7, no. 1 (February 23, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2016-0138.

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AbstractIn the present work, synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) using continuous flow microreactor (MR) and advanced flow™ reactor (AFR™) has been investigated with evaluation of the efficacy of the two types of MRs. Effect of the different operating parameters on the characteristics of the obtained NPs has also been investigated. The synthesis of iron oxide NPs was based on the co-precipitation and reduction reactions using iron (III) nitrate precursor and sodium hydroxide as reducing agents. The iron oxide NPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The mean particle size of the obtained NPs was less than 10 nm at all flow rates (over the range of 20−60 ml/h) in the case of spiral MR, while, in the case of AFR™, the particle size of NPs was below 20 nm with no specific trend observed with the operating flow rates. The XRD and TEM analyses of iron oxide NPs confirmed the crystalline nature and nanometer size range, respectively. Further, magnetic properties of the synthesized iron oxide NPs were studied using electron spin resonance spectroscopy; the resonance absorption peak shows theg-factor values as 2.055 and 2.034 corresponding to the magnetic fields of 319.28 and 322.59 mT for MR and AFR™, respectively.
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6

Snoderly, Hunter T., Kasey A. Freshwater, Celia Martinez de la Torre, Dhruvi M. Panchal, Jenna N. Vito, and Margaret F. Bennewitz. "PEGylation of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Modulates Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation." Biosensors 12, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12020123.

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Novel metal oxide nanoparticle (NP) contrast agents may offer safety and functionality advantages over conventional gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) for cancer diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging. However, little is known about the behavior of metal oxide NPs, or of their effect, upon coming into contact with the innate immune system. As neutrophils are the body’s first line of defense, we sought to understand how manganese oxide and iron oxide NPs impact leukocyte functionality. Specifically, we evaluated whether contrast agents caused neutrophils to release web-like fibers of DNA known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are known to enhance metastasis and thrombosis in cancer patients. Murine neutrophils were treated with GBCA, bare manganese oxide or iron oxide NPs, or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-coated metal oxide NPs with different incorporated levels of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Manganese oxide NPs elicited the highest NETosis rates and had enhanced neutrophil uptake properties compared to iron oxide NPs. Interestingly, NPs with low levels of PEGylation produced more NETs than those with higher PEGylation. Despite generating a low rate of NETosis, GBCA altered neutrophil cytokine expression more than NP treatments. This study is the first to investigate whether manganese oxide NPs and GBCAs modulate NETosis and reveals that contrast agents may have unintended off-target effects which warrant further investigation.
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7

Hafeez, M., R. Shaheen, S. Ali, H. A. Shakir, M. Irfan, T. A. Mughal, A. Hassan, M. A. Khan, and S. Mumtaz. "Populus ciliata conjugated of iron oxide nanoparticles and their potential antibacterial activities against human bacterial pathogens." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 16, no. 3 (July 2021): 899–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2021.163.899.

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Green synthesis is gaining huge significance because of its environmentally harmonious nature and low cost. This is an important technique to synthesize metal oxide nanoparticles. In the current study, iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-NPs) were formulated by using Populus ciliata leaf extract and ferrous sulphate (FeSO4.7H2O). These NPs were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The synthesized NPs were used against Gram positive and negative bacteria to find their bactericidal potential. These NPs were found active against Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Bacillus (B) lichenifermis and B. subtilis. B. licheniformis showed the highest antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) up to 29.1±0.5 mm at 8 mg/mL concentration. This study concludes that Populus ciliata conjugated Iron oxides NPs could be used a potential antibacterial agent.
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8

Mokhosi, Seipati Rosemary, Wendy Mdlalose, Amos Nhlapo, and Moganavelli Singh. "Advances in the Synthesis and Application of Magnetic Ferrite Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 5 (April 26, 2022): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14050937.

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Cancer is among the leading causes of mortality globally, with nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. The emergence of nanotechnology has revolutionised treatment strategies in medicine, with rigorous research focusing on designing multi-functional nanoparticles (NPs) that are biocompatible, non-toxic, and target-specific. Iron-oxide-based NPs have been successfully employed in theranostics as imaging agents and drug delivery vehicles for anti-cancer treatment. Substituted iron-oxides (MFe2O4) have emerged as potential nanocarriers due to their unique and attractive properties such as size and magnetic tunability, ease of synthesis, and manipulatable properties. Current research explores their potential use in hyperthermia and as drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapy. Significantly, there are considerations in applying iron-oxide-based NPs for enhanced biocompatibility, biodegradability, colloidal stability, lowered toxicity, and more efficient and targeted delivery. This review covers iron-oxide-based NPs in cancer therapy, focusing on recent research advances in the use of ferrites. Methods for the synthesis of cubic spinel ferrites and the requirements for their considerations as potential nanocarriers in cancer therapy are discussed. The review highlights surface modifications, where functionalisation with specific biomolecules can deliver better efficiency. Finally, the challenges and solutions for the use of ferrites in cancer therapy are summarised.
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9

Sutunkova, Marina P. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF TOXIC EFFECTS’ OF METALLIC NANOPARTICLES AT IRON AND NONFERROUS INDUSTRIES AND RISK ASSESSMENT FOR WORKERS` HEALTH." Hygiene and sanitation 96, no. 12 (March 27, 2019): 1182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-12-1182-1187.

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The paper summarizes main results of our toxicological “in vivo“ experiments on white rats exposed to either a) a single intratracheal instillation of silver, gold, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide, zinc oxide and lead oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in stable water suspensions without any chemical additives, b) repeated intraperitoneal injections the same NPs, c) low-level long-term inhalation exposure to the iron oxide nano-aerosol. We found these NPs to be much more noxious on both cellular and systemic levels as compared with their one micrometer or even submicron counterparts. The retention and distribution of metal and metal oxide NPs in the body are controlled by both physiological and physicochemical processes, depended on both cytotoxicity and solubility in biological milieus (inherent in different NPs to varying degrees). The relative contributions of these processes to the toxicokinetics are various for different NPs, and specifically for iron oxide particles of an average diameter not exceeding 20 nm, which were studied in the chronic inhalation experiment, the role of the dissolution predominates. Our data were first to testify to the high activity of the macrophagic and neutrophillic pulmonary phagocytosis of NPs deposited in airways. This fact suggests safe levels of exposure to airborne nanoparticles to be possible in principle but should be much lower if compared with established ones for respective micrometric industrial dust.
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10

Turi, Muhammad Tahir, Ma Wei, Ittehad Hussain, and Javid Hussain. "Arsenic (v) Adsorption by Using Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe2O3-NPs) and Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles (Al2O3-NPs)." Vol 4 Issue 4 4, no. 4 (October 30, 2022): 1023–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33411/ijist/2022040408.

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Arsenic, is one of the most harmful elements to humans, health of chronic diseases, and continuously causing a threat to the world. Arsenic is found in combined form in rocks under the earth's surface and when it dissolves, it contaminates groundwater. In the current research study synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-NPs) and aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3-NPs) for the removal of arsenic (As) (˅) from an aqueous medium and characterized the synthesized material by different analytical techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy and XRD spectroscopy. The results show successful synthesis of Fe2O3-NPs and Al2O3-NPs. Furthermore, the synthesized material was used as an adsorbent for extraction of as (V) from water. The effect of different parameters such as pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption process was investigated. The adsorption efficiency was determined by Fe2O3-NPs at about 20 mg/g and Al2O3-NPs at 19.5 mg/g. The quantitative removal of as (V) from industrial water required a minimum amount (0.2 g) of Fe2O3-NPs and Al2O3-NPs. various kinetic and isotherms were investigated in the current study. The result showed that the obtained data for Fe2O3-NPs was more fitted to Pseudo second order kinetic and Freundlich equation, while for Al2O3-NPs the data was more fitted to Pseudo second order kinetic and Elovich model equation, which confirms the interaction among as (V) and adsorbents. Thermodynamic parameters were also investigated which shows the process is spontaneous and endothermic. This model was used to estimate the site energy distribution for each adsorbent. Thermodynamic parameters were also investigated which shows the non-spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorbent. According to the results of the analysis of the approximate site energy distribution, adding Fe2O3 and Al2O3-NPs to arsenic decreased the area under the frequency distribution curve of the sorption site energies, which in turn decreased the number of sorption sites that were open to arsenic. This might be explained by the hydrophobic interaction between synthesized materials and arsenic being reduced due to the blocking of the Fe2O3 and Al2O3-NPs hydrophobic surface.
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11

Kumar, Hemant, Shwetank Shashi Pandey, Jitender Kumar, Pramod Kumar, and Balaram Pani. "Recent Designed Simple Synthesis Approaches, Surface Modification Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Biologically Inspired Biocompatible Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 26, no. 12 (November 25, 2022): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2612rjce1540163.

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In biomedical applications, iron oxide nanoparticles (IO NPs) offer several excellent advantages. In biological systems, iron oxide nanoparticles have a non-toxic nature. Iron oxide nanoparticles may be employed in a variety of biological applications since they have magnetic and semiconductor characteristics. In order to get over current limitations, recent research has focused on developing next-generation nanoparticle systems with enhanced surface modifications for internalization and targeting. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) have a variety of biological applications, including cell separation, hyperthermia, tissue healing and magnetic resonance imaging contrast enhancement. This review clarifies how IO NPs are used in many biological applications. According to this review, iron oxide plays a positive function in biological activity because of its simplicity of synthesis, various magnetic behaviors, biocompatibility and biodegradability. When iron oxide nanoparticles are used in a biological way, their size, shape, surface modification, aggregation and electrical properties all have a unique effect. Based on this review work, the IO NPs may be specified for biocompatibility, hyperthermia, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, tissue repair and magnetofection.
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12

Omidzahir, Shila, Maliheh Alijantabar Bayi, Fatemeh Kardel, and Mohammad Mazandarani. "Effects of Iron Oxide Nano-Particles on the Intestinal Tissue of Common Carp, Cyprinus Carpio." Iranian Journal of Toxicology 13, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijt.13.3.592.1.

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Background: The application of nano-particles (NPs) in various industries is growing. Since their toxicity is not clearly understood, they can cause adverse effects on the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological effects of iron oxide nano-particles on the small intestine of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Methods: Four experimental treatments were designed (15 fish/treatment). Treatment 1 was the controls while Treatments 2, 3 and 4 were experimental. The experimental groups were exposed to 50, 75 and the 100 mg/L of iron oxide NPs, respectively. On days 14, 21 and 28, the fish were randomly picked from each tank, samples of the small intestine were dissected, and were examined for both the accumulation of the iron NPs and the tissue histopathologies. Results: The highest concentration of iron accumulation was detected for Treatment 3 on day 21, compared to all other treatment groups (p<0.05). However, iron accumulation in the tissue declined unexpectedly after day 21 despite the continued treatments at 100 mg/L of the iron NPs. The histopathological examinations revealed that the treatment beyond 21 days caused damages to the intestinal epithelial cells, including enterocytes, villi and the goblet cells. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the effect of iron oxide NPs on the small intestinal tissue was dependant on the dose and duration of exposure. We conclude that the iron accumulation in the small intestine declined despite increasing the iron oxide NPs concentration and the exposure duration secondary to damages caused to the intestinal epithelial cell layer.
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13

Nguyen-Le, Minh-Tri, Dinh Tien Dung Nguyen, Sophia Rich, Ngoc Tram Nguyen, Cuu Khoa Nguyen, and Dai Hai Nguyen. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILICA COATED MAGNETIC IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLES." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 57, no. 3A (October 28, 2019): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/57/3a/14203.

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Advances in nanotechnology in recent years has led to a number of diverse applications of nanomaterials. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), a representative of magnetic nanomaterials, has gained much attention of many researchers all over the world due to their unique properties such as superparamagnetism, biocompatibility and high magnetic saturation. With such properties, Fe3O4 NPs can be exploited in many fields, particularly biomedicine related fields such as cellular therapy, tissue repair, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, hyperthermia and magnetofection. However, owing to their self-aggregation of Fe3O4 NPs, it is necessary to coat Fe3O4 NPs with a stable and biocompatible silica layer. Therefore, in this report, Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized via a co-precipitation method using iron (II)/ iron (III) chloride, ammonia and trisodium citrate. Then, the silica layer was coated onto Fe3O4 NPs through the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in ethanol. The as-synthesized samples were charaterized with the infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The results proved that silica was successfully coated on Fe3O4 NPs. The particle sizes measured by TEM were found to be about 12 nm in diameter for Fe3O4 NPs and 45 nm in diameter for silica coated Fe3O4 (SiO2@Fe3O4) NPs, while the dynamic diameters measured by DLS for Fe3O4 NPs and SiO2@Fe3O4 NPs were 15.7 and 65.8 nm, respectively. Both Fe3O4 NPs and SiO2@Fe3O4 NPs were superparamagnetic materials in which Fe3O4 NPs have higher magnetic saturation (45.8 emu/g) than the other (13.4 emu/g).This study examines the: ……...Advances in nanotechnology in recent years has led to a number of diverse applications of nanomaterials. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), a representative of magnetic nanomaterials, has gained much attention of many researchers all over the world due to their unique properties such as superparamagnetism, biocompatibility and high magnetic saturation. With such properties, Fe3O4 NPs can be exploited in many fields, particularly biomedicine related fields such as cellular therapy, tissue repair, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, hyperthermia and magnetofection. However, owing to their self-aggregation of Fe3O4 NPs, it is necessary to coat Fe3O4 NPs with a stable and biocompatible silica layer. Therefore, in this report, Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized via a co-precipitation method using iron (II)/ iron (III) chloride, ammonia and trisodium citrate. Then, the silica layer was coated onto Fe3O4 NPs through the hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in ethanol. The as-synthesized samples were charaterized with the infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The results proved that silica was successfully coated on Fe3O4 NPs. The particle sizes measured by TEM were found to be about 12 nm in diameter for Fe3O4 NPs and 45 nm in diameter for silica coated Fe3O4 (SiO2@Fe3O4) NPs, while the dynamic diameters measured by DLS for Fe3O4 NPs and SiO2@Fe3O4 NPs were 15.7 and 65.8 nm, respectively. Both Fe3O4 NPs and SiO2@Fe3O4 NPs were superparamagnetic materials in which Fe3O4 NPs have higher magnetic saturation (45.8 emu/g) than the other (13.4 emu/g).
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14

Canese, Rossella, Federica Vurro, and Pasquina Marzola. "Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Theranostic Agents in Cancer Immunotherapy." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11081950.

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Starting from the mid-1990s, several iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were developed as MRI contrast agents. Since their sizes fall in the tenths of a nanometer range, after i.v. injection these NPs are preferentially captured by the reticuloendothelial system of the liver. They have therefore been proposed as liver-specific contrast agents. Even though their unfavorable cost/benefit ratio has led to their withdrawal from the market, innovative applications have recently prompted a renewal of interest in these NPs. One important and innovative application is as diagnostic agents in cancer immunotherapy, thanks to their ability to track tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in vivo. It is worth noting that iron oxide NPs may also have a therapeutic role, given their ability to alter macrophage polarization. This review is devoted to the most recent advances in applications of iron oxide NPs in tumor diagnosis and therapy. The intrinsic therapeutic effect of these NPs on tumor growth, their capability to alter macrophage polarization and their diagnostic potential are examined. Innovative strategies for NP-based drug delivery in tumors (e.g., magnetic resonance targeting) will also be described. Finally, the review looks at their role as tracers for innovative, and very promising, imaging techniques (magnetic particle imaging-MPI).
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Prodan, Alina Mihaela, Simona Liliana Iconaru, Carmen Mariana Chifiriuc, Coralia Bleotu, Carmen Steluta Ciobanu, Mikael Motelica-Heino, Stanislas Sizaret, and Daniela Predoi. "Magnetic Properties and Biological Activity Evaluation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/893970.

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The aim of this study was to provide information about the biological properties of iron oxide nanoparticles (IO-NPs) obtained in an aqueous suspension. The IO-NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Analysis of hysteresis loops data at room temperature for magnetic IO-NPs sample indicated that the IO-NPs were superparamagnetic at room temperature. The calculated saturation magnetization for magnetic iron oxide wasMs= 18.1 emu/g. The antimicrobial activity of the obtained PMC-NPs was tested against Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa1397,Escherichia coliATCC 25922), Gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalisATCC 29212,Bacillus subtilisIC 12488) bacterial as well as fungal (Candida krusei963) strains. The obtained results suggested that the antimicrobial activity of IO-NPs is dependent on the metallic ions concentrations and on the microbial growth state, either planktonic or adherent. The obtained IO-NPs exhibited no cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells at the active antimicrobial concentrations.
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Macera, Ludovico, Valeria Daniele, Claudia Mondelli, Marie Capron, and Giuliana Taglieri. "New Sustainable, Scalable and One-Step Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Ion Exchange Process." Nanomaterials 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11030798.

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This work introduces an innovative, sustainable, and scalable synthesis of iron oxides nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous suspension. The method, based on ion exchange process, consists of a one-step procedure, time and energy saving, operating in water and at room temperature, by cheap and renewable reagents. The influence of both oxidation state of the initial reagent and reaction atmosphere is considered. Three kinds of iron nanostructured compounds are obtained (2-lines ferrihydrite; layered-structure iron oxyhydroxide δ-FeOOH; and cubic magnetite), in turn used as precursors to obtain hematite and maghemite NPs. All the produced NPs are characterized by a high purity, small particles dimensions (from 2 to 50 nm), and high specific surface area values up to 420 m2/g, with yields of production >90%. In particular, among the most common iron oxide NPs, we obtained cubic magnetite NPs at room temperature, characterized by particle dimensions of about 6 nm and a surface area of 170 m2/g. We also obtained hematite NPs at very low temperature conditions (that is 2 h at 200 °C), characterized by particles dimensions of about 5 nm with a surface area value of 200 m2/g. The obtained results underline the strength of the synthetic method to provide a new, sustainable, tunable, and scalable high-quality production.
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Abdullah, Johar Amin Ahmed, Emre Yemişken, Antonio Guerrero, and Alberto Romero. "Marine Collagen-Based Antibacterial Film Reinforced with Graphene and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010648.

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It has become more widely available to use biopolymer-based films as alternatives to conventional plastic-based films due to their non-toxic properties, flexibility, and affordability. However, they are limited in application due to deficiencies in their properties. The marine collagen was the specimen for the present study. Thus, the main objective was to reinforce marine collagen-based films with 1.0% (w/w of the dry polymer weight) of iron oxide nanoparticles (IO-NPs), graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO-NPs), or a combination of both oxides (GO-NPs/IO-NPs) as antibacterial and antioxidant additives to overcome some of the limitations of the film. In this way, the nanoparticles were incorporated into the film-forming solution (2% w/v in acetic acid, 0.05 M) and processed by casting. Thereafter, the films were dried and analyzed for their physicochemical, mechanical, microstructural, and functional properties. The results show that the effective combination of GO-NPs/IO-NPs enhanced the physicochemical properties by increasing the water contact angle (WCA) of the films from 77.2 to 84.4° and their transparency (T) from 0.5 to 5.2. Furthermore, these nanoparticles added antioxidant and antibacterial value to the films, with free radical inhibition of up to 95.8% and 23.8 mm of bacteria growth inhibition (diameter). As a result, both types of nanoparticles are proposed as suitable additives to be incorporated into films and enhance their different properties.
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Iconaru, Simona Liliana, Alina Mihaela Prodan, Philippe Le Coustumer, and Daniela Predoi. "Synthesis and Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Iron Oxide Glycerol Nanoparticles Obtained by Coprecipitation Method." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/412079.

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The glycerol iron oxide nanoparticles (GIO-NPs) were obtained by an adapted coprecipitation method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies demonstrate that GIO-NPs were indexed into the spinel cubic lattice with a lattice parameter of 0.835 nm. The refinement of XRD spectra indicated that no other phases except maghemite were detected. The adsorption of glycerol on iron oxide nanoparticles was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. On the other hand, this work implicated the use of GIO-NPs in antibacterial studies. The results indicate that, in the case ofP. aeruginosa 1397biofilms, at concentrations from 0.01 mg/mL to 0.625 mg/mL, the glycerol iron oxide inhibits the ability of this strain to develop biofilms on the inert substratum.
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Labbi, A., B. Benhaoua, K. Ahmouda, Y. Meftah, and Kh Benhaoua. "Effect of iron chlorine concentration on type of green synthezed iron oxides nanoparticles using pheonixdactylifera l leaves extract." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 16, no. 4 (December 2021): 1627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2021.164.1627.

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Iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by green synthesis process, using Pheonix Dactylifera. L. leaves ethanolic extractas polyphynols source and FeCl3 aqueous solution as precursor, where the volume ration was 1:2. The concentration of FeCl3 was varied as follow: (0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04M). To charactrizethe obtained iron oxide NPs, XRD, SEM, UV-VIS and FTIR techniques were used. XRD analyses show the existence of three essentials compounds of iron oxide NPs: maghemite phase, hematite phase and beta phase. While the grain size of these compoundswas varied in the ranges of 22.91-37.40nm, 20.41-31.32nm and 17.96-25.25nm respectively. SEM images analysis showed that all samples have spherical shaped particles. UV-VIS analysis showed that the variation of FeCl3 concentration hasdirecteffect on theband gap of the product which rangeedin the range 2.162-2.358eV, whereas FTIR study confirms the abundance of Fe-O bonds in all samples.
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Moacă, Elena-Alina, Claudia Geanina Watz, Daniela Flondor (Ionescu), Cornelia Păcurariu, Lucian Barbu Tudoran, Robert Ianoș, Vlad Socoliuc, et al. "Biosynthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Physico-Chemical Characterization and Their In Vitro Cytotoxicity on Healthy and Tumorigenic Cell Lines." Nanomaterials 12, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12122012.

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Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized starting from two aqueous extracts based on Artemisia absinthium L. leaf and stems, employing a simplest, eco-friendliness and low toxicity method—green synthesis. The nanoparticles were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), thermal analysis (TG/DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Lack of magnetic properties and the reddish-brown color of all the samples confirms the presence of hematite as majority phase. The FTIR bands located at 435 cm−1 and 590 cm−1, are assigned to Fe-O stretching vibration from hematite, confirming the formation of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs). The in vitro screening of the samples revealed that the healthy cell line (HaCaT) presents a good viability (above 80%) after exposure to iron oxide NPs and lack of apoptotic features, while the tumorigenic cell lines manifested a higher sensitivity, especially the melanoma cells (A375) when exposed to concentration of 500 µg/mL iron oxide NPs for 72 h. Moreover, A375 cells elicited significant apoptotic markers under these parameters (concentration of 500 µg/mL iron oxide NPs for a contact time of 72 h).
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Neto, Michel E., David W. Britt, Kyle A. Jackson, João H. V. Almeida Junior, Rodrigo S. Lima, Dimas A. M. Zaia, Tadeu T. Inoue, and Marcelo A. Batista. "Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc, Iron, Copper, and Manganese Oxides Nanoparticles for Possible Application as Plant Fertilizers." Journal of Nanomaterials 2023 (February 23, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1312288.

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This research evaluates the synthesis and characterization of nanometric-sized metallic particles with potential application as support materials for supplying nutrients to plants. Nanoscale Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu oxides particles were synthesized using microwave-assisted synthesis. Nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), specific surface area (SSA), and total chemical analysis. Synthesized NPs were all in oxide forms and characterized for confirmation of size, shape, surface structure, crystalline nature, and study of elemental proportion. The results indicate that synthesized NPs size was ranged between 20 and 50 nm and was all in their respective oxide forms as ZnO, Mn3O4, Fe3O4, and CuO.
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Lu, Chichong, Xue Xu, Tingting Zhang, Zhijie Wang, and Yuyun Chai. "Facile synthesis of superparamagnetic nickel-doped iron oxide nanoparticles as high-performance T1 contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 10, no. 10 (2022): 1623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tb02572d.

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Nickel doping transformed iron oxide from a traditional T2 contrast agent to a T1 contrast agent, and nickel-doped iron oxide nanoparticles (NiIO NPs) exhibited excellent contrast enhancement in both T1 and T2-weighted MRI.
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Skachkova, O., S. Antonuk, V. Orel, N. Khranovska, and M. Inomistova. "The influence of iron oxide nanoparticles on the viability of the generated human dendritic cells." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Problems of Physiological Functions Regulation 23, no. 2 (2017): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2616_6410.2017.23.5-9.

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The aim of the study was to investigate the properties of generated dendritic cells (DC) from monocytes of peripheral blood loaded with nanoparticles (NP) of iron oxide. The results of cytological studies showed that the ability to absorb Fe3O4 iron NP in generated DCs of healthy donors and cancer patients did not differ. It was established that the most optimal concentration of Fe3O4 iron oxide NPs for loading of DCs was 8*10-12 mg/ml. It was shown that Fe3O4 iron oxide NPs practically does not affect viability, apoptosis and distribution of generated DCs along the phases of the cell cycle on the 8th day of cultivation (exposure time with the NP – 24 hours). Increase of the DC cultivation period with the NPs to 9-10 days (exposure time from the NP – 48-72 hours) leads to the increase in the number of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.
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24

Predoi, Gabriel, Carmen Steluta Ciobanu, Simona Liliana Iconaru, Daniela Predoi, Dragana Biliana Dreghici, Andreea Groza, Florica Barbuceanu, et al. "Preparation and Characterization of Dextran Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Thin Layers." Polymers 13, no. 14 (July 18, 2021): 2351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142351.

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In the present study, we report the synthesis of a dextran coated iron oxide nanoparticles (DIO-NPs) thin layer on glass substrate by an adapted method. The surface morphology of the obtained samples was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), optical, and metallographic microscopies. In addition, the distribution of the chemical elements into the DIO-NPs thin layer was analyzed by Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometry (GDOES). Furthermore, the chemical bonds formed between the dextran and iron oxide nanoparticles was investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, the HepG2 viability incubated with the DIO-NPs layers was evaluated at different time intervals using MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The goal of this study was to obtain a DIO-NPs thin layer which could be used as a coating for medical devices such as microfluidic channel, microchips, and catheter. The results of the surface morphology investigations conducted on DIO-NPs thin layer suggests the presence of a continuous and homogeneous layer. In addition, the GDOES results indicate the presence of C, H, Fe, and O signal intensities characteristic to the DIO-NPs layers. The presence in the IR spectra of the Fe-CO metal carbonyl vibration bonds prove that the linkage between iron oxide nanoparticles and dextran take place through carbon–oxygen bonds. The cytotoxicity assays highlighted that HepG2 cells morphology did not show any noticeable modifications after being incubated with DIO-NPs layers. In addition, the MTT assay suggested that the DIO-NPs layers did not present any toxic effects towards HEpG2 cells.
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Al-Harbi, Laila Naif, Ghedier M. Al-Shammari, Pandurangan Subash-Babu, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Roaa Ahmed Alkreadees, and Abu ElGasim Ahmed Yagoub. "Cinchona officinalis Phytochemicals-Loaded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Cytotoxicity and Stimulate Apoptosis in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells." Nanomaterials 12, no. 19 (September 28, 2022): 3393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193393.

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The present study aimed to synthesize iron oxide nanoparticles loaded with quinine and alkaloids-rich Cinchona officinalis (Peruvian bark) stem bark extract, and further evaluate their cytotoxic effect and apoptosis mechanisms in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Nanoparticles were prepared by biological reduction of iron oxide with Cinchona officinalis extract, using the green synthesis method. The nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro cytotoxicity analyses of Cinchona officinalis extract, ferrous oxide, and Cinchona officinalis extract-loaded iron oxide nanoparticles (CO-NPs) were carried out using the MTT test for 24 h and 48 h. We found that CO-NPs reduced the MCF-7 cell viability with IC50 values of 16.2 and 9 µg/mL in 24 h and 48 h, respectively. In addition, CO-NPs were tested with normal hMSCs to determine their toxicity, and we did not find noticeable cytotoxicity. Confocal fluorescent microscopy revealed that CO-NPs efficiently increased the nuclear condensation and chromatin damage in propidium iodide staining; meanwhile, there was decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in CO-NPs-treated MCF-7 cells. In addition, AO-EB staining confirmed the late apoptotic and apoptotic morphology of cancer cells. Further gene expression analysis confirmed that the upregulation of tumor suppressors, Cdkn1A, Prb, and p53 was significantly increased, and inflammatory traits such as TNF-α and Nf-κb were increased in cancer cells treated with CO-NPs. Apoptotic stimulators such as Bax and caspase-3 expression were highly significantly increased, while mdm-2 and Bcl-2 were significantly decreased. Overall, the enhanced cytotoxic potential of the Cinchona officianlis stem bark extract loaded CO-NPs versus free Cinchona officianlis extract might be due to the functional stabilization of bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, quinine, flavonoids, phenolics, etc., into the iron oxide, providing bioavailability and internalization of cinchona metabolites intracellularly.
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26

Alasaly, Hasanaliabbood, and Ibtehal Kareem Shakir. "Enhance the Properties of Lignosulfonate Mud by Adding Nanoparticles of Aluminum Oxide and Iron Oxide." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 23, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2022.4.4.

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Oil well drilling fluid rheology, lubricity, swelling, and fluid loss control are all critical factors to take into account before beginning the hole's construction. Drilling fluids can be made smoother, more cost-effective, and more efficient by investigating and evaluating the effects of various nanoparticles including aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) on their performance. A drilling fluid's performance can be assessed by comparing its baseline characteristics to those of nanoparticle (NPs) enhanced fluids. It was found that the drilling mud contained NPs in concentrations of 0,0.25, 0. 5, 0.75 and 1 g. According to the results, when drilling fluid was used without NPs, the coefficient of fraction (CoF) was 44%, when added Al2O3 NP and Fe2O3 NP at 0.75g reduced CoF by 31% and 33% respectively. When Al2O3 and Fe2O3 NPs were used, particularly at a concentration of 1g, the amount of mud filtration decreased from 13.5ml to 9.3 ml and 8.5 ml respectively. Additional improvements rheological properties as well as swelling when Fe2O3NPs and Al2O3 NPs were added at 1g. Overall, it was found that adding NPs to the Lignosulfonate-WBM at a concentration of 1g can improve rheological, swelling, and filtration properties as well as lubrication at 0.75g.
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Wu, Liheng, Bo Shen, and Shouheng Sun. "Synthesis and assembly of barium-doped iron oxide nanoparticles and nanomagnets." Nanoscale 7, no. 39 (2015): 16165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr05291b.

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A facile organic-phase synthesis of monodisperse barium-doped iron oxide (Ba–Fe–O) nanoparticles (NPs) is reported. The obtained Ba–Fe–O NPs can be easily assembled and converted into ferromagnetic barium ferrite (BaFe) arrays.
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28

Liu, Jian, Isabella Römer, Selina Vi Yu Tang, Eugenia Valsami-Jones, and Richard E. Palmer. "Crystallinity depends on choice of iron salt precursor in the continuous hydrothermal synthesis of Fe–Co oxide nanoparticles." RSC Adv. 7, no. 59 (2017): 37436–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra06647c.

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29

Rajiv, S., J. Jerobin, V. Saranya, M. Nainawat, A. Sharma, P. Makwana, C. Gayathri, et al. "Comparative cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cobalt (II, III) oxide, iron (III) oxide, silicon dioxide, and aluminum oxide nanoparticles on human lymphocytes in vitro." Human & Experimental Toxicology 35, no. 2 (March 31, 2015): 170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327115579208.

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Despite the extensive use of nanoparticles (NPs) in various fields, adequate knowledge of human health risk and potential toxicity is still lacking. The human lymphocytes play a major role in the immune system, and it can alter the antioxidant level when exposed to NPs. Identification of the hazardous NPs was done using in vitro toxicity tests and this study mainly focuses on the comparative in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of four different NPs including cobalt (II, III) oxide (Co3O4), iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3), silicon dioxide (SiO2), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) on human lymphocytes. The Co3O4 NPs showed decrease in cellular viability and increase in cell membrane damage followed by Fe2O3, SiO2, and Al2O3 NPs in a dose-dependent manner after 24 h of exposure to human lymphocytes. The oxidative stress was evidenced in human lymphocytes by the induction of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and depletion of catalase, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase. The Al2O3 NPs showed the least DNA damage when compared with all the other NPs. Chromosomal aberration was observed at 100 µg/ml when exposed to Co3O4 NPs and Fe2O3 NPs. The alteration in the level of antioxidant caused DNA damage and chromosomal aberration in human lymphocytes.
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Milosevic, Irena, Fabienne Warmont, Yoann Lalatonne, and Laurence Motte. "Magnetic metrology for iron oxide nanoparticle scaled-up synthesis." RSC Adv. 4, no. 90 (2014): 49086–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra08944h.

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31

Prodan, Alina Mihaela, Simona Liliana Iconaru, Carmen Steluta Ciobanu, Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc, Mihai Stoicea, and Daniela Predoi. "Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles: Characterization and Toxicity Evaluation byIn VitroandIn VivoAssays." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/587021.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological properties of iron oxide nanoparticles (IO-NPs) obtained in the aqueous suspension. The iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The biocompatibility of the iron oxide was demonstrated by thein vitroquantification of HeLa cells viability using propidium iodide (PI) and fluorescein diacetate (FdA) and the MTT colorimetric assay. The toxicity of small size iron oxide nanoparticles was also evaluated by means of histological examination on male Brown Norway rats after intraperitoneal injection. At the tested concentrations, the nanoparticles proved to be not cytotoxic on HeLa cells. The rat’s behavior, as well as the histopathological aspect of liver, kidney, lung, and spleen tissues at 48 h after intraperitoneal injection did not present any modifications. Thein vivoandin vitroassays suggested that the IO-NPs could be further used for developing newin vivomedical applications.
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32

Sathiyaseelan, Anbazhagan, Kandasamy Saravanakumar, Arokia Vijay Anand Mariadoss, and Myeong-Hyeon Wang. "Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Properties of FeO Fabricated Chitosan/PVA Nanocomposite Sponge." Antibiotics 10, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10050524.

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Diabetic and anemia-associated diabetic wounds increase the considerable morbidity and mortality in people, as reported by clinical studies. However, no anemia-associated diabetic wound dressing materials have been developed until now. Hence, this study aimed to develop a nanocomposite scaffold composed of chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and phytogenic iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs), for accelerated anemia-associated diabetic wound healing. The aqueous leaves extract of Pinus densiflora (PD) was utilized for the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs). TEM and elemental analysis confirmed smaller size PD-FeO NPs (<50 nm) synthesis with the combination of iron and oxide. In addition, in vitro biological studies displayed the moderate antioxidant, antidiabetic activities, and considerable antibacterial activity of PD-FeO NPs. Further, the different concentrations of PD-FeO NPs (0.01, 0.03, and 0.05%) incorporated CS/PVA nanocomposites sponges were developed by the freeze-drying method. The porous structured morphology and the presence of PD-FeO NPs were observed under FE-SEM. Among nanocomposite sponges, PD-FeO NPs (0.01%) incorporated CS/PVA sponges were further chosen for the in vitro wound-healing assay, based on the porous and water sorption nature. Furthermore, the in vitro wound-healing assay revealed that PD-FeO NPs (0.01%) incorporated CS/PVA has significantly increased the cell proliferation in HEK293 cells. In conclusion, the CS/PVA-PD-FeO NPs (0.01%) sponge would be recommended for diabetic wound dressing after a detailed in vivo evaluation.
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Halamoda Kenzaoui, Blanka, Catherine Chapuis Bernasconi, Seher Guney-Ayra, and Lucienne Juillerat-Jeanneret. "Induction of oxidative stress, lysosome activation and autophagy by nanoparticles in human brain-derived endothelial cells." Biochemical Journal 441, no. 3 (January 16, 2012): 813–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20111252.

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Different types of NPs (nanoparticles) are currently under development for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in the biomedical field, yet our knowledge about their possible effects and fate in living cells is still limited. In the present study, we examined the cellular response of human brain-derived endothelial cells to NPs of different size and structure: uncoated and oleic acid-coated iron oxide NPs (8–9 nm core), fluorescent 25 and 50 nm silica NPs, TiO2 NPs (21 nm mean core diameter) and PLGA [poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)]-PEO [poly(ethylene oxide)] polymeric NPs (150 nm). We evaluated their uptake by the cells, and their localization, generation of oxidative stress and DNA-damaging effects in exposed cells. We show that NPs are internalized by human brain-derived endothelial cells; however, the extent of their intracellular uptake is dependent on the characteristics of the NPs. After their uptake by human brain-derived endothelial cells NPs are transported into the lysosomes of these cells, where they enhance the activation of lysosomal proteases. In brain-derived endothelial cells, NPs induce the production of an oxidative stress after exposure to iron oxide and TiO2 NPs, which is correlated with an increase in DNA strand breaks and defensive mechanisms that ultimately induce an autophagy process in the cells.
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Thanh Thuy, Nguyen Thi, Le Duc Anh, Nguyen Huu Tri, Cu Van Hoang, and Nguyen Anh Nhut. "Preparation and Characterization of Polyethylene Glycol Coating Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Curcumin Delivery." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 8 (June 28, 2019): 1719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.21941.

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The PEG-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs-PEG) was synthesized by coprecipitation and ultrasonication method. X-ray diffraction results exhibited that the average size of Fe3O4 NPs-PEG was 19.10 nm, which was further confirmed in TEM imaging. In addition, sonication time and curcumin concentration were studied to evaluate the efficiency of loading curcumin onto Fe3O4 NPs-PEG. Further, statistical optimization using response surface methodology (RSM) has shown curcumin concentration (0,01% w/v) and sonication time (21 min) for maximal curcumin loading (0.37 mg/g). Along with the magnetization studies, the immobilization of curcumin onto the Fe3O4 NPs-PEG was characterized by UV, FTIR and SEM. The results showed that the curcumin loaded PEG coated iron oxide nanoparticles could potentially be used for magnetically target drug delivery.
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Khan, Sehresh, Nazneen Akhtar, Shafiq Ur Rehman, Shaukat Shujah, Eui Shik Rha, and Muhammad Jamil. "Biosynthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) Mitigate Arsenic Toxicity in Rice Seedlings." Toxics 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9010002.

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Arsenic (As) contamination has emerged as a serious public health concern worldwide because of its accumulation and mobility through the food chain. Therefore, the current study was planned to check the effect of Bacillus subtilis-synthesized iron oxide nano particles (Fe3O4 NP) on rice (Oryza Sativa L.) growth against arsenic stress (0, 5, 10 and 15 ppm). Iron oxide nanoparticles were extracellular synthesized from Bacillus subtilis with a desired shape and size. The formations of nanoparticles were differentiated through UV-Visible Spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD and SEM. The UV-Visible spectroscopy of Bacillus subtilis-synthesized nanoparticles showed that the iron oxide surface plasmon band occurs at 268 nm. FTIR results revealed that different functional groups (aldehyde, alkene, alcohol and phenol) were present on the surface of nanoparticles. The SEM image showed that particles were spherical in shape with an average size of 67.28 nm. Arsenic toxicity was observed in seed germination and young seedling stage. The arsenic application significantly reduced seed germination (35%), root and shoots length (1.25 and 2.00 cm), shoot/root ratio (0.289), fresh root and shoots weight (0.205 and 0.260 g), dry root and shoots weight (6.55 and 6.75 g), dry matter percentage of shoot (12.67) and root (14.91) as compared to control. Bacillus subtilis-synthesized Fe3O4 NPs treatments (5 ppm) remarkably increased the germination (65%), root and shoot length (2 and 3.45 cm), shoot/root ratio (1.24) fresh root and shoot weight (0.335 and 0.275 mg), dry root and shoot weight (11.75 and 10.6 mg) and dry matter percentage of shoot (10.40) and root (18.37). Results revealed that the application of Fe3O4 NPs alleviated the arsenic stress and enhanced the plant growth. This study suggests that Bacillus subtilus-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles can be used as nano-adsorbents in reducing arsenic toxicity in rice plants.
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Godymchuk, Anna, Alexey Ilyashenko, Yury Konyukhov, Peter Ogbuna Offor, and Galiya Baisalova. "Agglomeration and dissolution of iron oxide nanoparticles in simplest biological media." AIMS Materials Science 9, no. 4 (2022): 642–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2022039.

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<abstract> <p>Despite high medical and biological potential, the penetration of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) into a human body can cause their dissolution with subsequent accumulation of highly toxic iron compounds. The paper describes the agglomeration and dissolution behavior of differently sized α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs in the simplest biological solutions. The average sizes of the initial NPs according to the BET analysis are 12, 32, and 115 nm. Within 30–60 min exposure, the particle size and concentration of iron released into the solutions increases in the suspensions, accompanied by an intensive change of NPs surface charge. After an hour of exposure, the colloidal properties do not change significantly, although the dissolution degree ambiguously fluctuates. It has been shown that the agglomeration of the particles in the simplest pulmonary fluid is lower than in the simplest sweat fluid, compared to the dissolution degree, which is much higher in the pulmonary fluid than in the sweat. The colloidal stability of suspensions reduces with a decrease of NPs' size, e.g., the average size of particles is 315,289, and 248 nm, while zeta potential is 2, 9, and 17 mV, respectively for 12, 32, and 115 nm NPs in 3-hour suspensions. It has been found that 24 h dissolution degree of α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs reaches 2.3% and 0.4%, respectively, in the simplest pulmonary and sweat fluids. The mechanism of dissolution of hematite NPs in the slightly acidic and acidic mediums is proposed.</p> </abstract>
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Nguyen, Hoang, Eric Tinet, Thierry Chauveau, Frédéric Geinguenaud, Yoann Lalatonne, Aude Michel, Rachida Aid-Launais, et al. "Bimodal Fucoidan-Coated Zinc Oxide/Iron Oxide-Based Nanoparticles for the Imaging of Atherothrombosis." Molecules 24, no. 5 (March 8, 2019): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24050962.

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A polyol method was used to obtain ultrasmall ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) doped with iron ions and coated with a low molecular weight fucoidan in order to perform in vivo MR and ex vivo fluorescence imaging of athrothrombosis. During the synthesis, the early elimination of water by azeotropic distillation with toluene allowed us to produce NPs which size, determined by XRD and TEM, decreased from 7 nm to 4 nm with the increase of iron/zinc ratios from 0.05 to 0.50 respectively. For the highest iron content (NP-0.50) NPs were evidenced as a mixture of nanocrystals made of wurtzite and cubic phase with a molar ratio of 2.57:1, although it was not possible to distinguish one from the other by TEM. NP-0.50 were superparamagnetic and exhibited a large emission spectrum at 470 nm when excited at 370 nm. After surface functionalization of NP-0.50 with fucoidan (fuco-0.50), the hydrodynamic size in the physiological medium was 162.0 ± 0.4 nm, with a corresponding negative zeta potential of −48.7 ± 0.4 mV, respectively. The coating was evidenced by FT-IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Aqueous suspensions of fuco-0.50 revealed high transverse proton relaxivities (T2) with an r2 value of 173.5 mM−1 s−1 (300 K, 7.0 T) and remained stable for more than 3 months in water or in phosphate buffer saline without evolution of the hydrodynamic size and size distribution. No cytotoxic effect was observed on human endothelial cells up to 48 h with these NPs at a dose of 0.1 mg/mL. After injection into a rat model of atherothrombosis, MR imaging allowed the localization of diseased areas and the subsequent fluorescence imaging of thrombus on tissue slices.
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Alvi, Muhammad Awais Ashfaq, Mesfin Belayneh, Sulalit Bandyopadhyay, and Mona Wetrhus Minde. "Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on the Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 19, 2020): 6718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246718.

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In recent years, several studies have indicated the impact of nanoparticles (NPs) on various properties (such as viscosity and fluid loss) of conventional drilling fluids. Our previous study with commercial iron oxide NPs indicated the potential of using NPs to improve the properties of a laboratory bentonite-based drilling fluid without barite. In the present work, iron oxide NPs have been synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The effect of these hydrophilic NPs has been evaluated in bentonite and KCl-based drilling fluids. Rheological properties at different temperatures, viscoelastic properties, lubricity, and filtrate loss were measured to study the effect of NPs on the base fluid. Also, elemental analysis of the filtrate and microscale analysis of the filter cake was performed. Results for bentonite-based fluid showed that 0.019 wt% (0.1 g) of NPs reduced the coefficient of friction by 47%, and 0.0095 wt% (0.05 g) of NPs reduced the fluid loss by 20%. Moreover, for KCl-based fluids, 0.019 wt% (0.1 g) of additive reduced the coefficient of friction by 45%, while higher concentration of 0.038 wt% (0.2 g) of NPs shows 14% reduction in the filtrate loss. Microscale analysis shows that presence of NPs in the cake structure produces a more compact and less porous structure. This study indicates that very small concentration of NPs can provide better performance for the drilling fluids. Additionally, results from this work indicate the ability of NPs to fine-tune the properties of drilling fluids.
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39

Pozo-Torres, Esther, Carlos Caro, Ashish Avasthi, Jose María Páez-Muñoz, María Luisa García-Martín, Inmaculada Fernández, and Manuel Pernia Leal. "Correction: Clickable iron oxide NPs based on catechol derived ligands: synthesis and characterization." Soft Matter 17, no. 46 (2021): 10580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sm90210e.

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40

Stachowska, Joanna D., Monika B. Gamża, Claire Mellor, Ella N. Gibbons, Marta J. Krysmann, Antonios Kelarakis, Elżbieta Gumieniczek-Chłopek, Tomasz Strączek, Czesław Kapusta, and Anna Szwajca. "Carbon Dots/Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Tuneable Composition and Properties." Nanomaterials 12, no. 4 (February 17, 2022): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12040674.

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We present a simple strategy to generate a family of carbon dots/iron oxide nanoparticles (C/Fe-NPs) that relies on the thermal decomposition of iron (III) acetylacetonate in the presence of a highly fluorescent carbon-rich precursor (derived via thermal treatment of ethanolamine and citric acid at 180 °C), while polyethylene glycol serves as the passivation agent. By varying the molar ratio of the reactants, a series of C/Fe-NPs have been synthesized with tuneable elemental composition in terms of C, H, O, N and Fe. The quantum yield is enhanced from 6 to 9% as the carbon content increases from 27 to 36 wt%, while the room temperature saturation magnetization is improved from 4.1 to 17.7 emu/g as the iron content is enriched from 17 to 31 wt%. In addition, the C/Fe-NPs show excellent antimicrobial properties, minimal cytotoxicity and demonstrate promising bioimaging capabilities, thus showing great potential for the development of advanced diagnostic tools.
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41

Girma, Wubshet Mekonnen. "Synthesis of Carbon-Encapsulated Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanocomposites for Bioapplication." International Journal of Biomaterials 2022 (September 20, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3302082.

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Carbon-encapsulated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized from a single precursor using one-step solvothermal methods. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the as-prepared NPs, and UV-visible absorbance spectroscopy was used to check their optical properties. The morphological results revealed that Fe3O4@C, quasi-spherical Fe3O4 particles encapsulated by carbon. In addition, the carbon-encapsulated Fe3O4 NPs were conjugated with folic acid (FA) to be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of tumour cells. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopic techniques were used to confirm the conjugation process.
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42

Shanmugam, Kirubanandan, Tharunya P, Subha V, Sandhaya S, and Renganathan S. "GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SUPERPARAMAGNETIC IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLE FROM FICUS CARICA FRUIT EXTRACT, CHARACTERIZATION STUDIES AND ITS APPLICATION ON DYE DEGRADATION STUDIES." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.15538.

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ABSTRACTObjective: The synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has become a matter of great interest in recent times due to their various advantageous propertiesand applications in a variety of fields. Metal NPs are being increasingly used in many sectors, and there is growing interest in the biological andenvironmental safety of their production.Methods: In this study, iron oxide NPs (Fe3O4-NPs) were synthesized from fruits of Ficus carica using a rapid, single step and completely greenbiosynthetic method by reduction of ferrous sulfate solution with F. carica ethanolic extract. The prepared Fe3O4-NPs were investigated by X-raydiffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.Results: The report emphasizes the effect of superparamagnetic Fe3O4-NPs on the degradation rate of hazardous dyes acid blue.Conclusion: To conclude, Fe3O4-NPs were prepared from fruits of F. carica using a rapid, single step and completely green biosynthetic method byreduction of ferrous sulfate solution with F. carica ethanolic extract.Keywords: Ficus carica, Ethanolic extract, Reduction, Ferrous sulfate, Superparamagnetic iron oxide nano particles, Dye degradation.
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43

Naznin, Arifa, Palash Kumar Dhar, Sagar Kumar Dutta, Sumon Chakrabarty, Utpal Kumar Karmakar, Pritam Kundu, Muhammad Sarwar Hossain, Hasi Rani Barai, and Md Rezaul Haque. "Synthesis of Magnetic Iron Oxide-Incorporated Cellulose Composite Particles: An Investigation on Antioxidant Properties and Drug Delivery Applications." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 3 (February 22, 2023): 732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15030732.

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In recent years, polymer-supported magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIO-NPs) have gained a lot of attention in biomedical and healthcare applications due to their unique magnetic properties, low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. In this study, waste tissue papers (WTP) and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) were utilized to prepare magnetic iron oxide (MIO)-incorporated WTP/MIO and SCB/MIO nanocomposite particles (NCPs) based on in situ co-precipitation methods, and they were characterized using advanced spectroscopic techniques. In addition, their anti-oxidant and drug-delivery properties were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that the shapes of the MIO-NPs, SCB/MIO-NCPs, and WTP/MIO-NCPs were agglomerated and irregularly spherical with a crystallite size of 12.38 nm, 10.85 nm, and 11.47 nm, respectively. Vibrational sample magnetometry (VSM) analysis showed that both the NPs and the NCPs were paramagnetic. The free radical scavenging assay ascertained that the WTP/MIO-NCPs, SCB/MIO-NCPs, and MIO-NPs exhibited almost negligible antioxidant activity in comparison to ascorbic acid. The swelling capacities of the SCB/MIO-NCPs and WTP/MIO-NCPs were 155.0% and 159.5%, respectively, which were much higher than the swelling efficiencies of cellulose-SCB (58.3%) and cellulose-WTP (61.6%). The order of metronidazole drug loading after 3 days was: cellulose-SCB < cellulose-WTP < MIO-NPs < SCB/MIO-NCPs < WTP/MIO-NCPs, whereas the sequence of the drug-releasing rate after 240 min was: WTP/MIO-NCPs < SCB/MIO-NCPs < MIO-NPs < cellulose-WTP < cellulose-SCB. Overall, the results of this study showed that the incorporation of MIO-NPs in the cellulose matrix increased the swelling capacity, drug-loading capacity, and drug-releasing time. Therefore, cellulose/MIO-NCPs obtained from waste materials such as SCB and WTP can be used as a potential vehicle for medical applications, especially in a metronidazole drug delivery system.
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44

Alangari, Abdulaziz, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Ayesha Mateen, Mohd Abul Kalam, Abdullah Alshememry, Raisuddin Ali, Mohsin Kazi, Khalid M. AlGhamdi, and Rabbani Syed. "Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization, and Assessment of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity." Adsorption Science & Technology 2022 (March 11, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1562051.

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Nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) have increasingly been studied as an alternative for antibiotics because of the feasibility to be used in implantable devices both for bacterial detection and infection prevention. The low rate of resistance development against NPs because of its multiple mode of action has contributed to its increased acceptance in clinical setting. Further development of NPs and their anticancer activity against many human cancer cell lines including breast and ovarian have been documented. Fe2O3-NPs could be used for antibacterial and anticancer activity assessment. Iron oxide, apart from being available extensively and cheap, also plays a role in multiple biological processes, making it an interesting metal for NPs. The aim of the present study revolves around generation and characterization of iron oxide Fe2O3-NPs, followed by assessment of its antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Synthesis of Fe2O3-NPs was performed by hydrothermal approach, and its characterization was done by UV-visible, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Antimicrobial activity was checked by agar diffusion assay against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Anticancer activity of the NPs was assessed using the human cancer cell lines including cervical carcinoma cell line (HeLa) and MCF7. The developed Fe2O3-NPs exhibited a characteristic absorption curve in the 500-600 nm wavelength range by UV-visible analysis, the XRD peaks were found to index the rhombohedral shape, and the FTIR analysis ascertained the bonds and functional groups at wavenumber from 400 to 4000 cm-1. Antimicrobial assay detected significant effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with zones of inhibition: 21 and 22 mm, respectively. Likewise, Fe2O3-NPs show good activity towards tested fungal strain Candida albicans with zone of inhibition of 24 mm. The 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay identified significant anticancer activity of the NPs against both cell lines. Our study documents the successful generation and characterization of Fe2O3-NPs having excellent antimicrobial and anticancer activities.
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45

Rahmah, Muntadher I., Noor M. Saadoon, Afrah J. Mohasen, Reham I. Kamel, Tabark A. Fayad, and Noor M. Ibrahim. "Double hydrothermal synthesis of iron oxide/silver oxide nanocomposites with antibacterial activity**." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2021-0021.

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Abstract In this work, iron oxide "gamma phase" (γ-Fe2O3)-silver oxide (Ag2O) nanocomposite is prepared by a double hydrothermal method combined with Punicaceae plant extract as reducing agents. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirmed the presence of γ-Fe2O3 and Ag2O and delafossite silver ferrite (AgFeO2) phases. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEMEDS) results revealed nanoparticles (NPs) with a shape like a cauliflower plant. Furthermore, the anti-bacterial activity results presented high inhibition rates against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The present study exhibits a new approach to the preparation of metal oxides using a facile and inexpensive method.
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46

Zhang, Ziwei, Connor J. R. Wells, Aaron M. King, Joseph C. Bear, Gemma-Louise Davies, and Gareth R. Williams. "pH-Responsive nanocomposite fibres allowing MRI monitoring of drug release." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 32 (2020): 7264–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tb01033b.

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pH-responsive nanofibres containing iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) and a model drug demonstrate on-demand dissolution, triggering release of both drug and NPs and allowing magnetic resonance imaging-guided therapeutic delivery.
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47

Tortella, Gonzalo, Olga Rubilar, Paola Fincheira, Joana C. Pieretti, Paola Duran, Isabella M. Lourenço, and Amedea B. Seabra. "Bactericidal and Virucidal Activities of Biogenic Metal-Based Nanoparticles: Advances and Perspectives." Antibiotics 10, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10070783.

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Much progress has been achieved in the preparation and application of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in the field of medicine, mainly for antibacterial and antiviral applications. In the war against bacteria and viruses, besides traditional antibiotics and antiviral drugs, metal-based nanoparticles, such as silver (AgNPs), copper (CuNPs), copper oxides (CuO-NPs), iron oxide (FeO-NPs), zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), and titanium oxide (TiO2-NPs) have been used as potent antimicrobial agents. These nanoparticles can be synthesized by traditional methods, such as chemical and physical routes, or more recently by biogenic processes. A great variety of macro and microorganisms can be successfully used as reducing agents of metal salt precursors in the biogenic synthesis of metal-based NPs for antimicrobial activity. Depending on the nature of the biological agent, NPs with different sizes, aggregation states, morphology, surface coatings and charges can be obtained, leading to different antimicrobial effects. Considering the drug resistance to traditional therapies, the development of versatile nanomaterials with potent antimicrobial effects is under intensive investigation. In this sense, this review presents and discusses the recent progress in the preparation and application of metal-based nanoparticles biogenically synthesized for antibacterial and antivirus applications. The strength and limitations are critically discussed.
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48

Nosrati, Hamed, Hossein Hamzehei, Saeed Afroogh, Seyedeh Ashabi, Elahe Attari, and Hamidreza Manjili. "Phenyl alanine & Tyrosine Amino acids Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles: Preparation and Toxicity study." Drug Research 69, no. 05 (September 6, 2018): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0664-0431.

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AbstractIn this study we reported the synthesis of L-phenyl alanine (Phe) & L-tyrosine (Tyr) Natural Amino acids coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles under one-pot and in situ reaction. Functionalized iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Cellular toxicity of amino acids coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles was also investigated on HEK-293 cell lines. Additionally, a hemolysis test of as prepared magnetic nanoparticles were performed. It was found that the synthesized Phe and Tyr coated magnetic nanoparticles (F@Phe NPs and F@Tyr NPs) were spherical in shape with an average size less than 25 nm, also the saturation magnetization (Ms) of the F@Phe NPs and F@Tyr NPs were about 30.02 and 58.23 emu/g, respectively, which was lower than those of bare Fe3O4. The TGA results show that apart from this weight loss, the coated sample shows a weight loss of 5.48, and 6.88% respectively corresponding to loss of Tyr, and Phe which is coated on the Fe3O4 nanoparticles. At a high concentration, less than 2.92 and 3.13% hemolytic activity were observed for F@Phe NPs and F@Tyr NPs, respectively. The F@Phe NPs and F@Tyr NPs show the possibility of using this nanoparticles in the development of in vitro and in vivo pharmaceutical and biomedical fields due to do not possess a toxic effect, good ζ-potential and related small and narrow size distribution.
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49

Kim, Minsun, Seung Won Shin, Cheol Won Lim, Jaeyun Kim, Soong Ho Um, and Dukjoon Kim. "Polyaspartamide-based graft copolymers encapsulating iron oxide nanoparticles for imaging and fluorescence labelling of immune cells." Biomaterials Science 5, no. 2 (2017): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6bm00763e.

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50

Alanazi, Reem S., and Ali S. Saad. "Extraction of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from 3 Dimensional MRI Images UsingK-Mean Algorithm." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 15, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2020.2730.

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Nanomedicine targeted drug delivery is one of the emerging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases. Medical image processing of High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (HR-MRI), when combined with iron oxide nanoparticles (IO-NPs), provides a precious tool to monitor diagnosis and treatment processes. The challenge is to detect the nanoparticles inside the HR-MRI images. This is due to the low resolution of the images and the small size of the nanoparticles. In this paper, we study the drug delivery efficiency using a mouse with an inflamed calf, with IO-NPs attached to the therapeutic drug and injected into the mouse's eye. Our aim is to know how much of the drug injected will reach the inflamed region of the calf. A high-resolution MRI system was used to take images of the inflamed calf region. Knowing that iron oxide has a strong magnetic intensity on MRI images, image processing techniques were used to identify the location and quantity of IO-NPs attached to the drug. By knowing the location and quantity of IO-NPs we can estimate the quantity of drug delivered to the region of interest. In our project, K-mean algorithm, an automatic clustering algorithm was used to detect the iron oxide NPs in the MRI images. This then extracts them from the 3D model of the femoral region of interest. Extraction of NPs permits an estimation of the number of NPs clustered in the region and furthermore estimates the quantity of the drug delivered to the region of interest. The results obtained of nanoparticle detection and extraction seem to be a promising way to estimate the amount of delivered drug to a targeted area.
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