Relevant bibliographies by topics / Iron incorporation

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Iron incorporation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 July 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Iron incorporation"

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Schneider, H., and H. Rager. "Iron incorporation in mullite." Ceramics International 12, no. 3 (January 1986): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-8842(86)90034-9.

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Doherty, Conor P., Sharon E. Cox, Antony J. Fulford, Steven Austin, David C. Hilmers, Steven A. Abrams, and Andrew M. Prentice. "Iron Incorporation and Post-Malaria Anaemia." PLoS ONE 3, no. 5 (May 7, 2008): e2133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002133.

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Borigato, Eliana V. M., and Francisco E. Martinez. "Iron incorporation in Brazilian infant diets cooked in iron utensils." Nutrition Research 12, no. 9 (September 1992): 1065–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(05)80495-6.

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Laulhère, J. P., A. M. Labouré, and J. F. Briat. "Photoreduction and incorporation of iron into ferritins." Biochemical Journal 269, no. 1 (July 1, 1990): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2690079.

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Pea seed ferritin is able to incorporate ferrous iron into the mineral core. Fe2+ may be formed by reduction of exogenous Fe3+ with ascorbate or by photoreduction by ferritin and by ferric citrate. In our experimental conditions the bulk of the photoreduction is carried out by ferritin, which is able to photoreduce its endogenous iron. Citrate does not enhance the photoreduction capacity of ferritin, and exogenous ferric citrate improves the yield of the reaction by about 30%. The mineral core of the ferritin is shown to photoreduce actively, and the protein shell does not participate directly in the photoreduction. Low light intensities and low concentration of reducing agents do not allow a release of iron from ferritins, but induce a ‘redox mill’ of photoreduction and simultaneous ferroxidase-mediated incorporation. High ascorbate concentrations induce the release of ferritin iron. These reactions are accompanied by the correlated occurrence of damage caused by radicals arising from Fenton reactions, leading to specific cleavages in the 28 kDa phytoferritin subunit. This damage caused by radicals occurs during the oxidative incorporation into the mineral core and is prevented by o-phenanthroline or by keeping the samples in the dark.
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Prentice, Andrew M., Conor P. Doherty, Steven A. Abrams, Sharon E. Cox, Sarah H. Atkinson, Hans Verhoef, Andrew E. Armitage, and Hal Drakesmith. "Hepcidin is the major predictor of erythrocyte iron incorporation in anemic African children." Blood 119, no. 8 (February 23, 2012): 1922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-11-391219.

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AbstractIron supplementation strategies in the developing world remain controversial because of fears of exacerbating prevalent infectious diseases. Understanding the conditions in which iron will be absorbed and incorporated into erythrocytes is therefore important. We studied Gambian children with either postmalarial or nonmalarial anemia, who were given oral iron supplements daily for 30 days. Supplements administered on days 1 and 15 contained the stable iron isotopes 57Fe and 58Fe, respectively, and erythrocyte incorporation was measured in blood samples drawn 14 days later. We investigated how the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin and other inflammatory/iron-related indices, all measured on the day of isotope administration, correlated with erythrocyte iron incorporation. In univariate analyses, hepcidin, ferritin, C-reactive protein, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) strongly predicted incorporation of 57Fe given on day 1, while hepcidin, ferritin, and sTfR/log ferritin correlated with 58Fe incorporation. In a final multivariate model, the most consistent predictor of erythrocyte isotope incorporation was hepcidin. We conclude that under conditions of competing signals (anemia, iron deficiency, and infection), hepcidin powerfully controls use of dietary iron. We suggest that low-cost point-of-care hepcidin assays would aid iron supplementation programs in the developing world.
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McBriarty, Martin E., Sebastien Kerisit, Eric J. Bylaska, Samuel Shaw, Katherine Morris, and Eugene S. Ilton. "Iron Vacancies Accommodate Uranyl Incorporation into Hematite." Environmental Science & Technology 52, no. 11 (May 14, 2018): 6282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00297.

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Bauminger, E. R., P. M. Harrison, D. Hechel, I. Nowik, and A. Treffry. "Mössbauer studies of iron incorporation into ferritins." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 190, no. 2 (March 1995): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02039998.

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Davidsson, Lena, Ekhard E. Ziegler, Peter Kastenmayer, and Richard F. Hurrell. "Erythrocyte incorporation of iron by infants: iron bioavailability from a low-iron infant formula and an evaluation of the usefulness of correcting erythrocyte incorporation values, using a reference dose or plasma ferritin concentrations." British Journal of Nutrition 84, no. 6 (December 2000): 847–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114500002464.

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Bioavailability of iron (Fe) from a low-Fe infant formula was determined by erythrocyte incorporation of58Fe 14 d after administration in ten healthy, non-Fe-deficient infants. Two feeding protocols were compared, with each infant acting as his/her own control. At 140 and 154 d of age, infants were fed 1000 g of58Fe-labelled formula (1·44 mg total Fe/1000 g) as six feeds over 24 h (Protocol A) or as two feeds/day on three consecutive days (Protocol B). A water solution with57Fe and ascorbic acid was given separately as a reference dose in both study protocols. Erythrocyte incorporation of58Fe and57Fe was determined by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. Geometric mean58Fe incorporation was 7·6 % (range 3·3–13·5 %) with Protocol A as compared to 10·6 % (range 6·7–18·6 %) with Protocol B (P=0·05); pairedttest. Inter-individual variability of58Fe was not reduced by correcting for the incorporation of57Fe from the reference dose, or by correcting for plasma ferritin concentration. Fractional erythrocyte incorporation of Fe from low-Fe infant formula was in the same range as our earlier published data on erythrocyte incorporation of Fe from human milk extrinsically labelled with58Fe (). The methodological evaluations included in this study clearly indicate the importance of using standardised study protocols when evaluating Fe bioavailability in infants. Corrections of erythrocyte incorporation data based on plasma ferritin or erythrocyte incorporation of Fe from a reference dose were not found to be useful.
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Latta, Drew E., Christopher A. Gorski, and Michelle M. Scherer. "Influence of Fe2+-catalysed iron oxide recrystallization on metal cycling." Biochemical Society Transactions 40, no. 6 (November 21, 2012): 1191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20120161.

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Recent work has indicated that iron (oxyhydr-)oxides are capable of structurally incorporating and releasing metals and nutrients as a result of Fe2+-induced iron oxide recrystallization. In the present paper, we briefly review the current literature examining the mechanisms by which iron oxides recrystallize and summarize how recrystallization affects metal incorporation and release. We also provide new experimental evidence for the Fe2+-induced release of structural manganese from manganese-doped goethite. Currently, the exact mechanism(s) for Fe2+-induced recrystallization remain elusive, although they are likely to be both oxide-and metal-dependent. We conclude by discussing some future research directions for Fe2+-catalysed iron oxide recrystallization.
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Fomon, Samuel J., Morteza Janghorbani, Bill T. G. Ting, Ekhard E. Ziegler, Ronald R. Rogers, Steven E. Nelson, Lynda S. Ostedgaard, and Barbara B. Edwards. "Erythrocyte Incorporation of Ingested 58-Iron by Infants." Pediatric Research 24, no. 1 (July 1988): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198807000-00006.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Iron incorporation"

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Mei, Xiaonan. "HOW A SILENT MUTATION SUPPRESSES THE ACTIVITY AND IRON INCORPORATION IN SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/chemistry_etds/9.

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A mutation (CTG to TTG) of FeSOD gene was found in Escherichia coli. Since they both encode leucine, it is a silent mutation. Site-­‐directed mutagenesis was applied to correct the mutation, and the mutant FeSOD (before gene correction) and wild type FeSOD (after gene correction) were purified. The FeSODs from the two genes were Characterized using different assays and spectroscopic methods including EPR and CD. The requirement for the rare codon TTG may result in slowed translation and heavy demand on a scarce tRNA. Cultures expressing wild type FeSOD are better able to grow for long times after addition of IPTG and more mature to incorporate Fe atoms to the active sites than are cultures expressing the mutant gene. Moreover, the wild type FeSOD has more activity than the mutant. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a silent mutation has been demonstrated to affect metal incorporation into a metalloenzyme.
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Mushonga, Paul. "Fabrication of type-I indium-based near-infrared emitting quantum dots for biological imaging applications." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8271.

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Doctor Scientiae - DSc
Semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) are fluorescent nanometer-sized particles which have physical dimensions that are smaller than the excitonic Bohr radius, large surface area-to-volume ratios, broad absorption spectra and very large molar extinction coefficients. Biomedical applications of QDs are mainly based on II-VI QDs containing cadmium, such as CdSe/ZnS. These cadmium-based systems are associated with high toxicity due to cadmium. As a result, potential replacements of cadmium-based QDs in biological applications are needed. In this study, InP/ZnSe QDs were synthesized for the first time using a one-pot hot injection method. Furthermore, a growth-doping method was used for silver, cobalt and iron incorporation into the InP core. Water compatibility was achieved through ligand exchange with 3- mercaptopropionic acid. In vitro cytotoxicity and imaging/internalization of the as-prepared MP A-InP/ZnSe and MP A-capped CdTe/ZnS QDs were evaluated. InP/ZnSe QDs were successfully synthesized with ZnSe shell causing a 1.4 times reduction in trap-related emission.
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Hmayed, Ali Al Rida. "Radical and catalytic polymerizations of alpha-olefins : towards CO2-incorporation." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1185/document.

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Cette thèse se concentre principalement sur l'activation du CO2 dans les polymérisations radicalaires et catalytiques des oléfines. Le polyéthylène a tout d'abord été synthétisé par un procédé de polymérisation radicalaire dans du CO2 supercritique (scCO2) dans des conditions douces (T? 100 °C, P? 300 bar) sans ajout de solvant organique pour solubiliser l'amorçeur. Nous avons utilisé l'AIBN, le peroxyde de lauryle ou le peroxyde de benzoyle pour étudier différents modes d'amorçage. La décarboxylation de ce dernier peut être supprimée dans le scCO2 et conduit à la formation de polyéthylène fonctionnalisé par des groupements esters. En outre, une interaction entre le triéthylaluminium (AlEt3) et les radicaux a été dévoilée, l'effet d'AlEt3 sur la polymérisation radicalaire de l'éthylène a été étudié, révélant son rôle d'agent de transfert de chaîne irréversible dans ce processus. Cette interaction, en combinaison avec celle d'AlEt3 avec le CO2 ont été exploitées pour permettre l'incorporation de CO2 dans les chaînes de polymère. Ainsi, si le motif CO2 est présent dans les chaînes de polyéthylène en utilisant AlEt3, le CO2 est bien pour la première fois un réactif efficace dans la polymérisation radicalaire de l'éthylène. D'autre part, des copolymérisations aléatoires et séquencées d'éthylène-isoprène par des procédés de transferts de chaînes à l'Aluminium catalysés par des complexes de fer ont été réalisées. Ensuite, chaque monomère a été polymérisé indépendamment dans du CO2 supercritique en utilisant le catalyseur de fer optimal lui correspondant afin d'obtenir des procédés plus écologiques pour la polymérisation de ces monomères dont le but ultime sera l'incorporation de motifs carboxyliques. Les essais visant à fonctionnaliser le polyéthylène et d'autres polyoléfines avec du CO2 à l'aide de diverses stratégies constituent un domaine d'intérêt majeur pour de futurs développements au sein de notre laboratoire
This thesis focuses primarily on the utilization of CO2 in radical and catalytic polymerizations of a-olefins. Polyethylene was synthesized by a free radical polymerization process in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) under mild conditions (T? 100 °C, P? 300 bar) without addition of any initiator diluent, using AIBN, lauroyl peroxide, or benzoyl peroxide to investigate different initiation modes. The decarboxylation of the latter can be suppressed in scCO2 to yield ester-functionalized polyethylene. Furthermore, an interaction between triethylaluminum (AlEt3) and radicals was unveiled, the effect of AlEt3 on ethylene radical polymerization was investigated showing its role as an irreversible chain-transfer agent in this process. This interaction in conjunction with the reactivity of AlEt3 towards CO2 were harnessed to allow for CO2-incorporation within polyethylene chains. Thus, since CO2 was incorporated within the polyethylene chains using AlEt3, CO2 for the first time behaved as an effective reagent in ethylene radical polymerization. On the other hand, ethylene-isoprene random and block copolymerizations via iron-catalyzed chain shuttling processes have been achieved. Subsequently, each monomer was polymerized in supercritical CO2 using its corresponding dedicated iron catalyst in order to achieve sustainable processes to polymerize these monomers with the hope of incorporating some carboxylic moieties. Trials to functionalize polyolefins by CO2 using various strategies is an area of interest in the upcoming work of our laboratory
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Roberts, Hannah. "Fate of uranium and neptunium during Fe(II)/Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxide formation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/fate-of-uranium-and-neptunium-during-feiifeiii-oxyhydroxide-formation(57eaacbb-e358-4cd2-b022-38061cc020e4).html.

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The current proposed method for the long-term management of intermediate and high level radioactive waste in the UK is via geological disposal. It is known that redox sensitive elements such as uranium and neptunium will significantly contribute to the total waste inventory. Recently, studies have indicated that both U and Np can be stabilised by interaction with minerals. Over long periods of time (1000’s -10,000’s years) steel canisters that encase radioactive waste in geodisposal systems will undergo anaerobic corrosion, potentially leading to the release of radionuclides, including U and Np. Anaerobic corrosion will also result in the formation of a number of oxide phases, including iron (oxyhydr)oxides e.g. magnetite and green rust. The interaction of U and Np with such forming iron (oxyhydr)oxides may lead to the sequestering of radionuclides in the environment through a range of processes such as adsorption to a mineral surface and incorporation into a mineral structure. Therefore the interactions between iron (oxyhydr)oxides and radionuclides are important to determine their fate if potentially released within the wider environment. In this study, the fate of U(VI) and Np(V) when in contact with a range of iron (oxyhydr)oxides was considered. These systems were selected to help understand the detailed mechanisms that may occur between radionuclides and iron (oxyhydr)oxides. XRD and TEM were used to characterise mineralogy, whilst acid digestions determined the distribution of U within the mineral phase. Synchrotron based XAS was used to determine oxidation state, site geometry and local bonding environment of the radionuclides associated with the mineral phases. The data suggests that: U(V) is stabilised and incorporated in octahedral coordination into both the magnetite and green rust structure in a uranate-like coordination; with increasing U concentration mineral formation favours uraninite and Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides; the limit of U incorporation into magnetite is 0.45 mol % U ± 0.23; Np(V) is reduced to Np(IV) on the iron (oxyhydr)oxide surface forming a bidentate binuclear complex; and that upon reoxidation, Np(IV) is partially reoxidised back to Np(V) but not released back into solution. These results highlight the significance in understanding the mechanisms when both Np and U are in contact with iron (oxyhydr)oxides which can contribute towards site environmental clean-up and waste management in the nuclear industry.
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Hinrichs, Stephan [Verfasser]. "Synthesis and characterization of anisotropic iron oxides and their incorporation into a thermoresponsive matrix : Synthese und Charakterisierung von anisotropen Eisenoxiden und ihr Einbau in eine thermoresponsive Matrix / Stephan Hinrichs." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1225041988/34.

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Tomita, Satoshi, Takeshi Kato, Shigeru Tsunashima, Satoshi Iwata, Minoru Fujii, and Shinji Hayashi. "Magneto-Optical Kerr Effects of Yttrium-Iron Garnet Thin Films Incorporating Gold Nanoparticles." American Physical Society, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8878.

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Kaminari, Agathi Anthoula. "Copy letters using iron gall inks : an historical and physicochemical study for the development of a forensic analytical methodology incorporating both chemical and non-destructive imaging techniques." Thesis, Kingston University, 2013. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/28227/.

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This research is divided in two sections: The first one focuses on original historic documents, namely the copy letters of Heinrich Schliemann. Schliemann, a tradesman, who traveled frequently, but he was also involved in archaeological excavations in several different sites. Therefore, he maintained a thorough correspondence, but also kept a record of it by means of a copy press. Schliemann's outgoing mail extends to 43 volumes and, after careful examination of the entire archive, a selection of pages was studied and documented using nondestructive and hyperspectral imaging methods in the visible, ultraviolet and infrared region of the spectrum. This led to the classification of inks into groups of similar characteristics that can be linked to several factors, among others the inks' recipes. Ultraviolet Reflectance Photography helped in the distinction of the oxidation limits around ink characters. Infrared Reflectography distinguished between oxidation and diffusion of the ink's halo. Visible reflectograms helped to better distinguish the borders of inks. Ultraviolet Fluorescence Colour Photography detected the ink's oxidation halo clearly and more intense than Ultraviot t Fluorescence black and white Photography. False Colour lnfrared imaging differentiated inks based on their false colour in the infrared. In general, the combination of these methods can lead to differentiation of inks compared to each other into groups with similar optical behaviour. The documentation recorded the state of preservation of the document in a specific and given time. The images act as evidence of the actual existence of such an archive and as reference to future comparisons to verify if and when a change has occurred in the state of preservation of the copy letters. As access may be an issue for researchers in faraway lands, the documentation gave direct contact with the images of the archive. It revealed the different inks used during a 50 year timeline, adding helpful information in each era's preferences and availability of writing media. The second section is based on laboratory prepared samples. I n order to understand the copy letters, one has to go through the whole procedure of reproducing them. lron gall ink and copy ink recipes were sourced and used to manufacture inks. The inks were used to write on papers similar to the ones used in the end of the 19th century, and the copy press procedure was applied in order to produce copies. Non-destructive imaging and documentation was applied to the laboratory copies. The resulting images were compared with those of the originals and were able to locate, verify and resolve to the typical characteristics of inks on copies. This is of great importance to historians that come across documents and classfy them, but also to conservators, who need to know if it is a written or copied document in order lo chose the appropriate conservation treatment. The written and copied samples as well as the inks themselves were also analysed using chemical methods of analysis in order to study and to group inks with similar characteristics or differentiate them from each other. The analyses also proved that copied inks retain the characteristics of the original writing, thus making a comparison of copied and non-copied inks directly possible and also making feasible tracing inks back to their original recipe based on their morphology. Scanning Electron Microsopy at high magnifications proved that no matter what was the paper substrate, the morphology of the ink's surface remained the same even when it underwent the copy press procedure or had been transferred onto another paper. Also that inks from different recipes exhibit morphological characteristics that distinguished them in such an extent that can be classified as different. Fiber Optic Reflectance Spectroscsopy revealed that distinction of a copy from a written document is possible and that differentiation of inks can be achieved. Colour measurement of the tristimulous values of each ink led to their classification into groups. Inductively Coupled Plasma spectroscopy revealed much information regarding the ingredients of the paper substrate as well as the ink itself. Raman Microspectroscopy succeeded in proving that the analysed inks were iron gall inks, independently of the paper substrate or the state the ink e.g. before and after the copy press procedure or copy. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was performed on be samples depending on their physical phase liquid, solid and ink on paper and showed they can be identified as metal-gall inks. Two of the eight inks can be distinguished from the others. Using Attenuated Total Reflectance mode on inks on paper can indicate differentiation in the recipes. The paper substrate did not interfere in reading the spectra. Differentiation into separate categories could only be achieved by comparison of inks with each other. For a conservator it is very important to be able to classify materials found on objects as it helps in selecting the conservation treatment. Furthermore, inks can be grouped or differentiated due to specific characteristics; this will help historians, archivists and researchers in distinguishing the main text of a document from various additions and if so, also classify the additions based on the type of recipe, in different origins or eras.
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MacSween, Ann. "The Neolithic and late Iron Age Pottery from Pool, Sanday, Orkney : an archaeological and technological consideration of coarse pottery manufacture at the Neolithic and late Iron Age site of Pool, Orkney incorporating X-Ray Fluorescence, Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometric and Petrological Analyses." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3375.

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The Neolithic and late Iron Age pottery from the settlement site of Pool, Sanday, Orkney, was studied on two levels. Firstly, a morphological and technological study was carried out to establish a sequence for the site. Secondly an assessment was made of the usefulness of X-ray Fluorescence Analysis, Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry and Petrological analysis to coarse ware studies, using the Pool assemblage as a case study. Recording of technological and typological attributes allowed three phases of Neolithic pottery to be identified. The earliest phase included sherds of Unstan Ware. This phase was followed by an assemblage characterised by pottery with incised decoration, which was stratified below a traditional Grooved Ware assemblage. The change in pottery styles and manufacturing methods with the Grooved Ware indicated that it evolved elsewhere. Grass tempered and burnished pottery characterised the Iron Age assemblage. Pottery samples from all phases of the site were analysed by XRF and ICPS. In addition, pottery from late Iron Age sites in the area was analysed for comparison with the Pool Iron Age pottery. XRF and ICPS analyses did not distinguish between either different phases at Pool or different Orcadian sites. This was attributed to the similarities in geological deposits over much of Orkney and the variations which can occur within a clay source. A clay survey was carried out in the vicinity of the site, and samples taken for comparison with the Pool pottery. Identification of rocks and minerals in thin section, and grain-size analysis, indicated that the Pool pottery was made locally to the site, and that both primary and secondary clays were used. It was concluded that petrological analysis is more suitable than elemental analysis in the study of coarse wares.
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LAGRONE, CRAIG BARTON. "THE SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND REACTIVITY OF IRON CARBONYL CLUSTERS INCORPORATING MAIN GROUP HETEROATOMS." Thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/16080.

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The reaction of Pb(OAc)$\sb2$ or PbCl$\sb2$ with K (HFe(CO)$\sb4$) results in formation of (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Pb$\{$Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8\}\{$Fe(CO)$\sb4\}\sb2$) in high yield based on iron. This complex has been structurally characterized and contains a central Pb$\sp{4+}$ atom bound to two (Fe(CO)$\sb4$) $\sp{2-}$ ligands and one (Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8$) $\sp{2-}$ group (Fe-Fe = 2.617(5)A). (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (M$\{$Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8\}\{$Fe(CO)$\sb4\}\sb2$) reacts with CO and MCl$\sb2$ with excess K (HFe(CO)$\sb4$) to yield products which are formulated as (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (M$\{$Fe(CO)$\sb4\}\sb2$) on the basis of analytical and spectroscopic data. GeI$\sb2$ is unreactive towards K (HFe(CO)$\sb4$), but when mixed with (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8$) formation of the novel complex (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Fe$\sb3$(CO)$\sb9(\mu\sb3$-CO)$\{\mu\sb3$ - GeFe(CO)$\sb4\}$) occurs. When GeCl$\sb4$ is treated with (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8$) formation of (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Fe$\sb3$(CO)$\sb{11}$) is observed with no evidence of a germanium-containing cluster. These mixed metal anions are oxidized by (Cu(CH$\sb3$CN)$\sb4$) (BF$\sb4$) to form the corresponding neutral spirocyclic M (Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8$) $\sb2$ (M = Sn, Ge, Pb) species. A single crystal X-ray diffraction structure was obtained for the complex Pb (Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8\rbrack\sb2$ (Fe-Fe = 2.90(2)A). Reduction of Ge (Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8\rbrack\sb2$ in benzene or CH$\sb2$Cl$\sb2$ led to the recovery of (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Fe$\sb3$(CO)$\sb9(\mu\sb3$-CO)$\{\mu\sb3$-GeFe(CO)$\sb4$). (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Pb$\{$Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8\}\{$Fe(CO)$\sb4\}\sb2$) or (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Pb$\{$Fe(CO)$\sb4\}\sb2$) are recovered from reduction of Pb (Fe$\sb2$(CO)$\sb8$) $\sb2,$ depending on the solvent used. Periodic trends were examined by utilizing bismuth as the main group element. The reaction of NaBiO$\sb3$ with K (HFe(CO)$\sb4$) resulted in isolation of (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb3$ (Bi$\{$Fe(CO)$\sb4\}\sb4$) in which a central Bi$\sp{5+}$ atom is tetrahedrally surrounded by four (Fe(CO)$\sb4$) $\sp{2-}$ ligands. This complex decomposes in the presence of gaseous HCl to produce up to 1 mole of H$\sb2$ per mole of cluster via intermediate formation of H$\sb2$Fe(CO)$\sb4.$ Refluxing NaBiO$\sb3$ with Fe(CO)$\sb5$ led to the isolation of (Et$\sb4$N) (BiFe$\sb3$(CO)$\sb9(\mu\sb3$-CO)) which is isoelectronic with (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Fe$\sb3$(CO)$\sb9(\mu\sb3$-CO)$\{\mu\sb3$-GeFe(CO)$\sb4\}$) and contains a triangle of iron atoms capped by a bismuth atom on one face and a CO group on the other (Fe-Fe = 2.642(7)A). When (Et$\sb4$N) (BiFe$\sb3$(CO)$\sb9(\mu\sb3$-CO)) is treated with CO, an extensive rearrangement occurs leading to formation of (Et$\sb4$N) $\sb2$ (Bi$\sb4$Fe$\sb4$(CO)$\sb{13}$) in which there is a central tetrahedron of bismuth atoms attached to iron carbonyl fragments. This complex is the first "Zintl-metal carbonylate" to be reported. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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Wang, Jia Jie, and 王佳潔. "Polybenzimidazole composite membranes incorporating iron oxide-graphene oxide nano-fillers for alkaline direct alcohol fuel cell applications." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62104816805013803910.

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Books on the topic "Iron incorporation"

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Dominion Iron & Steel Co., Limited. Trust deeds, acts of incorporation and statutes relating to the Dominion Iron & Steel Co., Limited, and Dominion Coal Co., Limited, and by-laws thereunder. Halifax [N.S.]: Chronicle Pub., 1995.

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Seatzu, Francesco. Introductory Note. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923846.003.0024.

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The year 2016 was characterized by three elements: the incorporation of the Civil Service Tribunal within the General Court and transfer of jurisdiction; the implementation of the reform of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) through an increase in the number of judges at the General Court; a rise in judicial decisions of the ECJ concerning intellectual property rights and freedoms. Also, 2016 was the year in which the ECJ and the General Court dealt with cases concerning restrictive measures relating to Afghanistan, Belarus, Côte d’Ivoire, Egypt, Iran, Libya, Russia, Syria, Tunisia, Ukraine and Zimbabwe. Emblematic of this jurisprudential trend are the judgments on the cases of Yanukovych and Others, where the General Court upheld the freezing of funds of several Ukrainians.
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Book chapters on the topic "Iron incorporation"

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Levi, Sonia, Alessandra Luzzago, Paolo Santambrogio, Anna Cozzi, Gianni Cesareni, and Paolo Arosio. "Mechanisms of Ferritin Iron Incorporation: A Study with Recombinant and Mutant Human Ferritins." In Iron Biominerals, 339–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3810-3_24.

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Allen, R. M., R. Chatterjee, P. W. Ludden, and V. K. Shah. "Incorporation of the Iron and Sulfur from NifB-co into the Iron-Molibdenum Cofactor of Dinitrogenase." In Nitrogen Fixation: Fundamentals and Applications, 143–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0379-4_21.

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Mendes, Beatryz Cardoso, Leonardo Gonçalves Pedroti, Rita de Cássia S. S. Alvarenga, Mauricio Paulo Ferreira Fontes, Pedro Cota Drumond, Anderson Almeida Pacheco, Márcia M. S. Lopes, and Afonso R. G. de Azevedo. "Effect of the Incorporation of Iron Ore Tailings on the Properties of Clay Bricks." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 617–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_61.

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Sobrinho, Vicente de Paulo Ferreira Marques, Jose Roberto de Oliveira, Victor Bridi Teiles, Felipe Fardin Grillo, Jorge Alberto Soares Tenorio, and Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa. "Recycling of Electric Arc Furnace Dust: Evaluation of the Iron Metal Incorporation in Hot Metal Bath." In EPD Congress 2012, 331–38. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118359341.ch38.

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Mendes, Beatryz C., Leonardo G. Pedroti, Bianca R. Bonomo, Anna Carolina L. Lucas, Lívia S. Silva, Márcia M. S. Lopes, and Gustavo E. S. Lima. "Effect of the Incorporation of Bauxite and Iron Ore Tailings on the Properties of Clay Bricks." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2021, 361–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65493-1_35.

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Ojo, A. F., J. Dwyer, and R. V. Parish. "Iron Incorporation into Fapo-5 Molecular Sieves." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 227–36. Elsevier, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(08)61721-8.

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"Gallium Incorporation by the Iron-Acquisition Pathway." In Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins, 807. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1533-6_100530.

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Dueck, Colin. "Nationalism, Internationalism, and American Conservatives." In Age of Iron, 8–37. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190079369.003.0002.

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This chapter provides the framework for understanding American nationalism, liberal internationalism, and conservative foreign policy approaches in their various forms. The history, premises, and practices of American nationalism are recounted, from the American founding to the beginning of the twentieth century. Then the key elements of liberal internationalism are discussed, including their incorporation into American foreign policy beginning with Woodrow Wilson. Conservative American reactions to liberal internationalist policies are described and delineated into their own distinct categories as well. The context is thus set for a discussion of conservative American nationalism in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
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Testa, Flaviano, Fortunato Crea, Rosario Aiello, and Janos B.Nagy. "Incorporation of iron into MFI structure in fluoride media." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 165–71. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(99)80210-9.

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Košová, G., S. Ernst, M. Hartmann, and J. Čejka. "Synthesis of MCM-58: Incorporation of aluminum and iron into framework positions." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 863–69. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(04)80896-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Iron incorporation"

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Wang, Guohui, Matthew Olszta, Sarah Saslow, Dong-Sang Kim, Mark Bowden, Wooyong Um, Jing Wang, and Albert Kruger. "Visualizing Technetium Incorporation within Iron Oxides Through Mineral Transformation." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2723.

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Al-Raqom, F., J. F. Klausner, D. Hahn, J. Petrasch, and S. A. Sherif. "High Temperature Fluidized Bed Reactor Kinetics With Sintering Inhibitors for Iron Oxidation." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62808.

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High purity hydrogen is produced through a thermochemical water splitting process that utilizes iron reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions. An iron powder bed is fluidized to improve heat and mass transfer thus improving the reaction kinetics. Inert additives which act as sintering inhibitors, such as silica (SiO2) and zirconia (ZrO2), are added to the iron powder, and their effectiveness in inhibiting sintering in the oxidation step is evaluated. The influence of particle size, composition, mass fraction and bed temperature on reaction kinetics is investigated. Incorporation of zirconia in the powder bed is done by mixing it with iron powder or by coating the iron particles with a mixture of 1–3 μm and 44 μm zirconia particles. Two different batches of silica are used for blending with iron powder. The silica powder batches include particle diameters ranging from 0–45 μm and 200–300 μm. The mixing ratios of silica to iron are 0.33, 0.5, 0.67 and 0.75 by apparent volume. Experimental studies are conducted in a bench scale experimental fluidized bed reactor at bed temperatures of 450, 550, 650, 750 and 850 °C. It is verified that increasing the bed temperature and the steam residence time increases the hydrogen yield. Increasing the iron particle size reduces the specific surface area and reduces the hydrogen yield. It has been found that sintering can be completely inhibited by mixing iron with 0–45 μm silica powder and maintaining the reaction temperature below 650 °C.
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Vryzas, Zisis, Omar Mahmoud, Hisham Nasr-El-Din, Vassilis Zaspalis, and Vassilios C. Kelessidis. "Incorporation of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as Drilling Fluid Additives for Improved Drilling Operations." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54071.

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A successful drilling operation requires an effective drilling fluid system. Due to the variety of downhole conditions across the globe, the fluid system should be designed to meet complex challenges such as High-Pressure/High-Temperature (HPHT) environments, while promoting better productivity with a minimum interference for completion operations. This study aims to improve the rheological and fluid loss properties of water-bentonite suspensions by using both commercial (C-NP) and custom-made (CM-NP) iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NP) as drilling fluid additives. Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 NP were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. Both types of nanoparticles were characterized by a High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Base fluid (BF), made of deionized water and bentonite at 7wt%, was prepared according to American Petroleum Institute (API) procedures and nanoparticles were added at 0.5wt%. A Couette-type viscometer was used to analyze the rheological characteristics of these fluids at different shear rates and various temperatures (up to 158°F). The rheological parameters were obtained from analysis of viscometric data using non-linear regression. The API Low-Pressure/Low-Temperature (LPLT) and HPHT fluid filtrate volumes were measured, using a standard API LPLT static filter press (100 psi, 77°F) and an API HPHT filter press (300 psi, 250°F). Observation of the porous matrix morphology of the produced filter cakes was done with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). TEM showed that the mean diameter of the CM-NP was 7–8 nm, with measured surface areas between 100–250 m2/g. The C-NP had an average diameter of <50 nm, as per manufacturer specifications. The XRD of the CM-NP revealed peaks corresponding to pure crystallites of magnetite (Fe3O4) with no impurities. Rheological analysis showed very good fitting by the Herschel-Bulkley model with coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.99. Rheological properties of all samples were affected by higher temperatures, with increase in yield stress, decrease in flow consistency index (K) and slight increase in flow behavior index (n). Fluid filtration results indicated a decrease in the LPLT fluid loss and an increase in the filter cake thickness compared to the BF upon addition of higher concentrations of C-NP, because of a decrease in filter cake permeability. At HPHT conditions, samples with 0.5wt% C-NP had a smaller fluid loss by 34.3%, compared to 11.9% at LPLT conditions. CM-NP exhibited even higher reduction in the fluid loss at HPHT conditions of 40%. Such drilling fluids can solve difficult drilling problems and aid in achieving the reservoir’s highest potential by eliminating the use of aggressive, potentially damaging chemicals. Exploitation of the synergistic interaction of the utilized components can produce a water-based system with excellent fluid loss characteristics while maintaining optimal rheological properties.
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Gventsadze, D., E. Kutelia, L. Nadaraia, J. Padgurskas, L. Gventsadze, and O. Tsurtsumia. "THE TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PTFE MODIFIED WITH CHALCOPYRITE." In BALTTRIB. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/balttrib.2017.13.

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In present work it has been studied the physical-mechanical and tribological properties of the compositional material which was obtained in the PTFE base with chalcopyrite fine dispersed concentrate as fillers. The PTFE-chalcopyrite composites were prepared by powder metallurgy route containing chalcopyrite particles (2.5, 5 and 10 wt %). The tests have been performed in the friction machine under 0.7 MPa load where as a counterpart the gray cast iron was used. From the beginning, the weight wear was measured after passing some velocity steps (0.25–1.25 m/sec). The worn surfaces of the tested composites and the cast iron samples after working as a tribological pair were analyzed using SEM/EDX methods. The obtained results have shown that the incorporation of optimal quantity (~5 wt %) chalcopyrite particles into PTFE matrix drastically (>102 times) improves the wear resistance comparatively to the unfilled PTFE in the 0.25–1.25 m/sec friction velocity range. In the same testing conditions by the analysis of the obtained results it is determined that at the low velocity friction (&amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;1 m/sec) the newly developed composite material has 10–15 times lower wear intensity than the best existing tribo–technical purpose commercial material “superfluvis”, therefore the obtained composite can be considered as a quite inexpensive and efficient tribological material.
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Mishra, Dipesh Kumar, and Pulak Mohan Pandey. "Experimental Investigation Into the Fabrication of Porous Biodegradable Fe Scaffold by Microwave Sintering of 3D Printed Green Body." In ASME 2021 16th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2021-63402.

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Abstract Iron has appealing biodegradable properties that makes compatible for biodegradable implant tools applications. Although, the slow corrosion rate of Fe made obsolete for biomedical applications. The incorporation of the porous structure may result in an enhanced degradation rate. The main advantage offer by the porous structure is to allow to flow the body transportation fluid through it and ease to proliferate the new tissue. Therefore, the current work focused on the development of a porous Fe structures using micro-extrusion based three-dimensional printing (ME3DP) and pressure less microwave sintering. The metallic-based polymeric ink used to fabricate the intent design structure. Subsequently, samples were heated in the microwave sintering furnace. The experimentations were done to evaluate the outcomes of different Fe concentrations (91–95 wt.%) on density and compressive yield strength of developed porous parts. Experimental observation deduced that fabricated part ≥ 94.wt.% of Fe concentration has strong bonding strength between the printed layers. Moreover, the mechanical property of 94 wt.% has found greater than 95 wt.% of Fe concentration. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) image illustrated the presence of porous morphology into the fabricated body. Additionally, XRD (X-ray diffraction) plots exhibited the purity of sample without any contamination residue.
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Al-Taq, Ali, Abdullah Al-Moajil, Sajjad Aldarweesh, and Hussain Al-Abbas. "Downhole Sludge: Formation, Characterization and Removal." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21321-ms.

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Abstract Sludge formed downhole in the production interval can be classified into crude oil-based or mud-based sludge. Sludge obstruction may result in partial or total loss of well productivity. Oil-based mud is commonly used in drilling of the pay zones in sandstone formations as a less/non damaging fluid. Oil-based mud typically contain emulsifier, viscosifer and other additives including polymer blend and calcium carbonate to serve different functions. Presence of emulsifier may increase emulsion tendency upon interaction with downhole environment. The resulting emulsion might be tight to an extent that a thick sludge is formed which can impair well productivity. Similarly, oil-based sludge may form from oil/water interaction in presence of emulsifiers, asphaltene, wax, solids, shear, etc. Identification of the sludge material will help in development of an effective chemical treatment to remove formation damage and restore well productivity. In this study, an extensive laboratory work was conducted to explore potential interactions of different downhole environment contaminants/factors on formation of oil-based and mud-based sludge. Typical mud-based and crude oil-based sludge samples were characterized using different analytical techniques including solvent extraction, XRD, TGA, ICP and viscosity. The results showed that the mud-based sludge sample contained calcium carbonate, dolomite quartz as the main components in the inorganic phase while the organic phase include polymers and oil. The oil-based sludge sample contained mainly water (82 wt%) with some solid particulates and asphaltene in the organic phase. Analysis of supernatants generated from solubility tests conducted for the mud-based and oil-based sludge samples revealed in addition to the high amount of calcium presence of iron in considerable amount (nearly 1,000 mg/L). Interaction of ferric chloride, quartz with an invert-emulsion mud was investigated. A significant increase in viscosity was observed upon incorporation of these contaminates with the mud sample. Iron ions in the aqueous phase tended to stabilized emulsion. This paper presents in detail mechanisms of mud-based and crude oil-based sludge formation upon interaction with environment. It also examined several chemical formulations for removal of mud-based and oil-based sludge samples.
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Alotaibi, Shuayl. "The impact of strain on Z-contrast imaging of iron oxide nanoparticles." In Microscience Microscopy Congress 2021 incorporating EMAG 2021. Royal Microscopical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.mmc2021.226.

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Tanaka, Hideaki, Kenji Nakamura, and Osamu Ichinokura. "Iron loss calculation by incorporating LLG equation into magnetic circuit model." In 2013 15th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epe.2013.6631860.

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Mehrabi, F., N. Mirzaei, H. Hamzehloo, and A. Moradi. "Empirical Spectral Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Iran." In 74th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating EUROPEC 2012. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20148934.

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Amiri, F., and E. Bayram Nejad. "Relocation of Local Earthquakes in North-Western Iran." In 74th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating EUROPEC 2012. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20148606.

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Reports on the topic "Iron incorporation"

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Balboni, E., M. Zavarin, K. Smith, and C. Booth. M4SF-19LL010302042: Pu Incorporation into Reduced Iron Oxide Phases. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1529833.

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Fendorf, Scott. Subsurface Conditions Controlling Uranium Incorporation in Iron Oxides: A Redox Stable Sink. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1245538.

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Yu, N., H. Kung, M. Nastasi, and D. Li. Incorporation of iron cations into epitaxial sapphire thin films by co-evaporation and subsequent thermal annealing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10150117.

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Author, Not Given. Mechanism of promotion of iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts: Quarterly report for the period ending June 30, 1987: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: Comparison of product selectivity and /sup 14/C labeled ethanol incorporation at one and seven atmosphere conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6347492.

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