To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Iron deficiency diseases in children.
Journal articles on the topic 'Iron deficiency diseases in children'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Iron deficiency diseases in children.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
de Vizia, Basilio, Vincenzo Poggi, Rodolfo Conenna, Amedeo Fiorillo, and Luigi Scippa. "Iron Absorption and Iron Deficiency in Infants and Children with Gastrointestinal Diseases." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 14, no. 1 (January 1992): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005176-199201000-00005.
Full text
2
Shaw, Julia G., and Jennifer F. Friedman. "Iron Deficiency Anemia: Focus on Infectious Diseases in Lesser Developed Countries." Anemia 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/260380.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency anemia is thought to affect the health of more than one billion people worldwide, with the greatest burden of disease experienced in lesser developed countries, particularly women of reproductive age and children. This greater disease burden is due to both nutritional and infectious etiologies. Individuals in lesser developed countries have diets that are much lower in iron, less access to multivitamins for young children and pregnant women, and increased rates of fertility which increase demands for iron through the life course. Infectious diseases, particularly parasitic diseases, also lead to both extracorporeal iron loss and anemia of inflammation, which decreases bioavailability of iron to host tissues. This paper will address the unique etiologies and consequences of both iron deficiency anemia and the alterations in iron absorption and distribution seen in the context of anemia of inflammation. Implications for diagnosis and treatment in this unique context will also be discussed.
3
Mohammad, Faisal, M. Sridhar, Madhusudan Samprathi, and Prakash Vemgal. "Thrombocytopenia in severe iron deficiency anaemia: A report of two cases." Tropical Doctor 51, no. 3 (January 10, 2021): 448–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049475520983658.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency, the commonest cause of anaemia in children, is a global public health problem. Worldwide, almost 50% of children <5 years of age are anaemic. Platelet count in iron deficiency anaemia is mostly normal or high; thrombocytopenia is rare. We describe two children with iron deficiency anaemia and severe thrombocytopenia who recovered with iron supplementation alone.
4
Abeuova, B. "PO-0351 Iron-deficiency Anaemia And Dental Diseases Among Children." Archives of Disease in Childhood 99, Suppl 2 (October 2014): A360.2—A360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-307384.999.
Full text
5
Najafova, V. A. "CHANGES IN SOME FRACTIONS OF CYTOKINES IN CHILDREN WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 21, no. 3 (November 16, 2021): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.21.3.82.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of iron deficiency anaemia on certain cytokine fractions (IL-2, INF-γ, TNF-α) in children aged 6 months to 5 years in Azerbaijan. Methods. The study involved 123 children. According to the hematological and biochemical blood parameters of children aged 6 months to 5 years, 95 children (58 boys, 37 girls) were diagnosed as having anaemia of varying degrees: 32 children had mild iron deficiency anaemia, 37 children had moderate iron deficiency anaemia, and 26 children had severe iron deficiency anaemia. Results. The study demonstrates the level of INF-γ is lower in the general group of children with iron deficiency anaemia compared to the control group (2.5±1.2 pg/ml and 3.9±1.6 pg/ml, respectively). In the general group of children with iron deficiency anaemia, the average correlation coefficient (r=+0.7) between INF-γ with haemoglobin and with serum ferritin (r=+0.6) has been shown. Taking into account the weakening of INF-γ in children with iron deficiency anaemia during the study period, we investigated the annual incidence of acute respiratory viral infections among the general group of children with iron deficiency anaemia and the control group (63.2% and 25%, respectively). There were no significant changes in TNF-α value in children of the general group with iron deficiency anaemia compared to the control group (2.7±1.5 pg / ml, 2.7±1.1 pg / ml, respectively). The IL-2 index in the general group was lower than in the control group (1.6±1.0 pg / ml, 2.9±1.6 pg / ml, respectively). Children in the general group with iron deficiency anaemia had an average correlation coefficient (r=+0.65) IL-2 with haemoglobin and a high correlation coefficient with serum ferritin (r=+0.8). The incidence of pneumonia in the group of children with iron deficiency anaemia was 17.9%. Conclusion. The obtained lowered results of İNF-γ and İL-2 in comparison with the control group and an increased incidence of respiratory diseases indicate a possible reduction in cellular immunity.
6
Kabakus, N. "Reversal of Iron Deficiency Anemia-induced Peripheral Neuropathy by Iron Treatment in Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 48, no. 4 (August 1, 2002): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/48.4.204.
Full text
7
Samorodnova, Elena A. "Iron deficiency in children: modern aspects of the problem, possibilities of primary prevention: A review." Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum, no. 4 (January 18, 2023): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/26586630.2022.4.201960.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency (ID) is common in the pediatric population, primarily due to inadequate iron intake from food and a high requirement due to rapid growth. The most significant for pediatric practice are latent iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Hyposiderosis significantly impacts a child's physical and cognitive development and immunological reactivity. It can be an independent condition and complicate the course of several other diseases. The article presents data on the most significant factors contributing to the ID, risk groups, clinical presentation features (sideropenic and anemic syndromes), criteria of laboratory diagnostics of iron deficiency anemia according to the clinical guidelines "Iron deficiency anemia" approved by the Russian Ministry of Health in 2021, and the latent iron deficiency developed by the World Health Organization experts. Also, the algorithm of ID primary prevention, diet therapy approaches, and the use of functional products and dietary supplements to meet the iron requirement of a child's organism are discussed.
8
MANTADAKIS, ELPIS. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDREN RESIDING IN HIGH AND LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES: RISK FACTORS, PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 12, no. 1 (June 28, 2020): e2020041. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2020.041.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) affect approximately two billion people worldwide and most of them reside in low- and middle-income countries. In these countries, additional causes of anemia include parasitic infections like malaria, other nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, hemoglobinopathies and lead poisoning. Maternal anemia in resource-poor nations is associated with low birth weight, increased perinatal mortality and decreased work productivity. Maintaining a normal iron balance in these settings is challenging, as iron-rich foods with good bioavailability are of animal origin that are expensive and/or available in short supply. Apart from infrequent consumption of meat, inadequate vitamin C intake and diets rich in inhibitors of iron absorption are additional important risk factors for IDA in low-income countries. In-home iron fortification of complementary foods with micronutrient powders has been shown to effectively reduce the risk of iron deficiency and IDA in infants and young children in developing countries but is associated with unfavorable changes in gut flora and induction of intestinal inflammation that may lead to diarrhea and hospitalization. In developed countries, iron deficiency is the only frequent micronutrient deficiency. In the industrialized world, IDA is more common in infants beyond the sixth month of life, in adolescent females with heavy menstrual bleeding, in women of childbearing age and elderly people. Other special at-risk populations for IDA in developed countries are regular blood donors, endurance athletes and vegetarians. Several medicinal ferrous or ferric oral iron products exist, and their use is not apparently associated with harmful effects on the overall incidence of infectious illnesses in sideropenic and/or anemic subjects. Further research is needed to clarify the risks and benefits of supplemental iron for children exposed to parasitic infections in the third world, and for children genetically predisposed to iron overload.
9
Stelle, Isabella, Anastasia Z. Kalea, and Dora I. A. Pereira. "Iron deficiency anaemia: experiences and challenges." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 78, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665118000460.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency remains the largest nutritional deficiency worldwide and the main cause of anaemia. Severe iron deficiency leads to anaemia known as iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), which affects a total of 1·24 billion people, the majority of whom are children and women from resource-poor countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, iron deficiency is frequently exacerbated by concomitant parasitic and bacterial infections and contributes to over 120 000 maternal deaths a year, while it irreparably limits the cognitive development of children and leads to poor outcomes in pregnancy.Currently available iron compounds are cheap and readily available, but constitute a non-physiological approach to providing iron that leads to significant side effects. Consequently, iron deficiency and IDA remain without an effective treatment, particularly in populations with high burden of infectious diseases. So far, despite considerable investment in the past 25 years in nutrition interventions with iron supplementation and fortification, we have been unable to significantly decrease the burden of this disease in resource-poor countries.If we are to eliminate this condition in the future, it is imperative to look beyond the strategies used until now and we should make an effort to combine community engagement and social science approaches to optimise supplementation and fortification programmes.
10
Roth-Walter, Franziska. "Compensating functional iron deficiency in patients with allergies with targeted micronutrition." Allergo Journal International 30, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40629-021-00171-9.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryIron deficiency is associated with atopy. Iron deficiency during pregnancy increases the risk of atopic diseases in children, while both allergic children and adults are more likely to have iron deficiency anemia. Immunologically, iron deficiency leads to activation of antigen-presenting cells, promotion of Th2 cells and enables antibody class switch in B cells. In addition, iron deficiency primes mast cells for degranulation, while an increase in their iron content inhibits their degranulation. Many allergens, especially those with lipocalin and lipocalin-like protein structures, are able to bind iron and either deprive or supply this trace element to immune cells. Thus, a local induced iron deficiency will result in immune activation and allergic sensitization. However, lipocalin proteins such as the whey protein β‑lactoglobulin (BLG) can also transport micronutrients into the defense cells (holo-BLG: BLG with micronutrients) and hinder their activation, thereby promoting tolerance and protecting against allergy. Since 2019, several clinical trials have also been conducted in allergic subjects using holo-BLG as a supplementary balanced diet, leading to a reduction in symptom burden. Supplementation with holo-BLG specifically supplied defense cells with micronutrients such as iron and therefore represents a new dietary approach to compensate for functional iron deficiency in allergy sufferers.
11
Bhan, Maharaj K., Halvor Sommerfelt, and Tor Strand. "Micronutrient deficiency in children." British Journal of Nutrition 85, S2 (May 2001): S199—S203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2001315.
Full textAbstract:
Malnutrition increases morbidity and mortality and affects physical growth and development, some of these effects resulting from specific micronutrient deficiencies. While public health efforts must be targeted to improve dietary intakes in children through breast feeding and appropriate complementary feeding, there is a need for additional measures to increase the intake of certain micronutrients. Food-based approaches are regarded as the long-term strategy for improving nutrition, but for certain micronutrients, supplementation, be it to the general population or to high risk groups or as an adjunct to treatment must also be considered. Our understanding of the prevalence and consequences of iron, vitamin A and iodine deficiency in children and pregnant women has advanced considerably while there is still a need to generate more knowledge pertaining to many other micronutrients, including zinc, selenium and many of the B-vitamins. For iron and vitamin A, the challenge is to improve the delivery to target populations. For disease prevention and growth promotion, the need to deliver safe but effective amounts of micronutrients such as zinc to children and women of fertile age can be determined only after data on deficiency prevalence becomes available and the studies on mortality reduction following supplementation are completed. Individual or multiple micronutrients must be used as an adjunct to treatment of common infectious diseases and malnutrition only if the gains are substantial and the safety window sufficiently wide. The available data for zinc are promising with regard to the prevention of diarrhea and pneumonia. It should be emphasized that there must be no displacement of important treatment such as ORS in acute diarrhea by adjunct therapy such as zinc. Credible policy making requires description of not only the clinical effects but also the underlying biological mechanisms. As findings of experimental studies are not always feasible to extrapolate to humans, the biology of deficiency as well as excess of micronutrients in humans must continue to be investigated with vigour.
12
Imran, Imran Khan, Sardar Azhar Mehmood, Wali Khan, Shabir Ahmed, Ikram Khan, and Ahmed Zia. "Incidence of Anemia in the Population of Dir (Lower) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa." RADS Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/jpps.v9i1.419.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major global public health issue causes many serious diseases mostly found in the women and children of developing world.
Objective: To evaluate and assess the occurrence and disorder related to iron deficiency in the population of district Dir (Lower).
Materials and Methods: From all volunteers blood samples were collected from Vein through syringe and kept it in the EDTA tubes. Hemoglobin concentration was determined by the help of Hematology Analyzer. Following the guidelines of WHO, the value of a hemoglobin (Hb) was <11.5 gm/dl the cut-off for anemia. Data were analyzed by using SPSS.
Results: Overall 200 participants were examined of whom n=80 (40%) were anemic which was found higher in age 1-20 years n= 31 (15.5%), farmers n=28 (14%) and house wives n=20 (10%) and malaria patients n=7 (3.5%). While in gender wise study males n=57 (28.5%) were found more anemic than females n=23 (11.5%) P-value (0.95).
Conclusions: Awareness and education in public about iron deficiency anemia, its causes and related disorder can prevent anemia of iron deficiency. Knowledge about nutritional requirements and iron deficiency anemia in women can save children and whole family from many diseases like anemia. So knowledge, education and awareness in population especially in women are very necessary.
13
Tanzer, Fatos, Selda H_zel, Öge Çetinkaya, and Ersin Sekreter. "Serum Free Carnitine and Total Triglycerid Levels in Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 71, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.71.1.66.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency anemia and hyperlipidemia are common public health problems in Turkey. The connection between iron and lipid metabolisms has not been clarified yet. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of iron deficiency on carnitine and lipid metabolism. Study group was consisted of 70 children (mean age 14.7 ± 1.3 months) suffering from iron deficiency anemia and 20 healthy children (mean age 13.7 ± 1.2 months) attended to outpatient clinics of Cumhuriyet University, Sivas were enrolled the study as the control group. Assessments of serum free carnitine concentrations, total triglyceride, total cholesterol and VLDL levels were made in both groups. The mean serum free carnitine concentration was significantly lower than the control group (18.9 ± 0.43 nmol/ ml and 45.9 ± 1.47 nmol/ml respectively, t = 17.5 p <0.01). Results of our study also indicated higher serum total triglyceride, total cholesterol and VLDL levels in iron deficient patients than the healthy controls. Regression analyses indicated a negative correlation between serum free carnitine and total triglyceride levels in iron deficient patients. This study confirms that iron deficiency anemia may be linked to the endogenous carnitine synthesis in pediatric age group, and thus hyperlipidemia appears to be a risk factor for premature cardiovascular diseases.
14
Mohamed, Ghada, Samir Aboelhassan, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, and Yahya Wahba. "Iron Deficiency Anemia and Serum Hepcidin Level in Children with Typhoid Fever: A Case–Control Study." Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 15, no. 06 (September 4, 2020): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715856.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective Typhoid fever is a common systemic bacterial infection in children with a complex interplay between serum hepcidin and iron. We investigated the relationship between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and serum hepcidin level in children with acute typhoid fever. Methods We conducted a preliminary case–control study in Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Egypt from April 2017 to May 2019 including 30 children aged 5 to 15 years with confirmed acute typhoid fever. We recruited 15 healthy nonanemic children, of comparable ages and sex as controls from the same hospital while attending for nonfebrile complaints. Typhoid fever cases were subdivided according to IDA existence into 16 cases with IDA and 14 non-IDA cases. We excluded all children having diseases which may affect serum iron and hepcidin levels, for example, liver, blood, gastrointestinal, and kidney diseases, and patients receiving drugs interfering with iron metabolism. All participants were subjected to complete blood count, serum ferritin, iron, hepcidin levels, and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC). Results In non-IDA typhoid fever group, serum iron level was significantly low, while serum hepcidin level was significantly high when compared with controls (p < 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). In IDA typhoid fever group, no statistically significant difference existed as regards serum hepcidin level when compared with controls (p = 0.53). No significant correlations were detected between serum hepcidin levels and hemoglobin, serum iron, ferritin, and TIBC values in each group. Conclusion Preexisting iron status could affect serum hepcidin level in patients with acute typhoid fever. Coexistence of IDA might oppose the up-regulatory effect of acute typhoid fever on serum hepcidin level.
15
Pshenichnaya, K. I., T. M. Ivashikina, and M. V. Zaydina. "The measurement of reticulocyte hemoglobin content: a modern approach to the diagnosis of iron deficiency in children." Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology 19, no. 3 (October 9, 2020): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-3-32-35.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency is one of the most widely spread types of microelementosis, especially in a growing organism. It is essential to diagnose iron deficiency at an early stage in order to start treatment timely. Diagnostics of iron deficiency can be complicated by concomitant diseases that distort biochemical parameters of iron metabolism, thus making them not informative enough. In this connection, hemoglobin count in reticulocytes (Ret-Hb) and delta-hemoglobin (Delta-He) may be useful indicators as they help to diagnose true iron deficiency at earliest stages and do not depend on concomitant conditions, which is described in reference sources. In this work, Ret-Hb and Delta-He were detected in the structure of blood hematology test performed on hematology analyzers Sysmex XT-4000 and Sysmex XN-9000 (Japan) in 24 children aged 1–18 with absolute iron deficiency; three of these children had absolute iron deficiency manifested as latent deficiency, and 19 children had hypochromic microcytic anemia of mild or medium severity. The parameter was below the normal limit (the average count was 24.2 ± 3.5 pg), while the normal limit is 28 pg, according to the reference sources. After two weeks of treatment, Ret-Hb increased up to 26.0 ± 2.9 pg. Delta-He, being initially as low as 2.9 ± 0.9 pg (with the lower threshold of 4.0 pg) rose up to 6.3 ± 3.4 pg. The results of our research have demonstrated that Ret-Hb and Delta-He may be regarded as informative, economical and affordable diagnostic parameters that do not require collection of additional blood samples. Their dynamics during treatment should be investigated further. This study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Scientific Council of Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation.
16
Zikidou, Panagiota, Christina Tsigalou, Gregorios Trypsianis, Alexandros Karvelas, Aggelos Tsalkidis, and Elpis Mantadakis. "PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA, IRON DEFICIENCY, AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AND DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF HEMATOLOGIC AND BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF SIDEROPENIA IN 1- TO 5-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN IN THRACE GREECE." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 14, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): e2022054. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2022.054.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives: Iron deficiency (ID) is a major public health problem with high prevalence in early childhood. We assessed the prevalence of anemia, ID, and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in healthy children of Thrace, Greece, its correlation with dietary factors, and evaluated the diagnostic performance of hematologic and biochemical markers of sideropenia.
Patients and Methods: For 202 healthy children 1-5 years old, a questionnaire was filled out describing their nutritional habits during infancy and early childhood. Venous hemograms along with serum ferritin, TIBC, %TS, and CRP were obtained from all studied children. In a subset of 156 children, the concentration of sTfR was also determined.
Results: Children with ID and IDA had significantly lower beef consumption than children without sideropenia (p=0.044). Using the WHO cut-off values of Hb <11g/dl and ferritin <12μg/l, the prevalence of anemia, ID, and IDA was 9.41%, 6.44%. and 3.47%, respectively. If Hb <12g/dl and ferritin<18μg/l were used as cut-offs, the prevalence of anemia, ID, and IDA was 26.73%, 16.33%, and 5.94%, respectively. ROC analysis revealed that at ferritin <12μg/l, sTfR had the highest specificity and PPV but the lowest sensitivity for ID (93%, 47.4%, and 69.2%, respectively), while sTfR/Fer index had the highest sensitivity and NPV (100%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of ID and IDA in children 1-5 years old in Thrace is like in other developed countries. sTfR and sTfR/Fer index have the highest accuracy to diagnose ID, with the sTfR/Fer index being superior irrespective of the ferritin cut-off value used to define ID.
17
Piskur, Zoriana I., and Lidiia I. Mykolyshyn. "COMORBIDITIES AT THE TUBERCULOSIS AMONG CHILDREN." Wiadomości Lekarskie 74, no. 10 (2021): 2433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202110113.
Full textAbstract:
The aim: To study the structure of clinical forms of tuberculosis (TB) which are combined with the comorbidities, to prevent the development, and to improve the diagnostics of TB among children with nonspecific diseases. Materials and methods: A retrospective, selective research of 330 cards of children for the age group from 0 to 15 years old who were treated on local forms of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB in a specialized pediatric department for the last 30 years was conducted. Results: Among 92.9 % children with comorbidities, the specific process of respiratory system was detected. Every seventh child has developed generalized forms of pulmonary TB. 43.8 % of children had extrapulmonary TB. In the structure of comorbidities among children with extrapulmonary TB were observed iron deficiency anemia, the diseases of digestive and endocrine systems, malnutrition, cachexia and rickets. The iron deficiency anemia was accompanied by TB of the peripheral LN and TB of the CNS. TB of the rare localization and TB of the CNS were combined with diseases of the digestive system. At pulmonary TB were detected infectious and parasitic diseases. The concomitant pathology of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems was often detected with the TB of intrathoracic LN, and concomitant pathology of the eyes, ears and CNS – with primary tuberculosis complex. The variety of comorbidities and extrapulmonary TB has led to the diagnostic errors and prolonged stay of children in several somatic hospitals. Conclusions: To prevent the development of TB among children with non-specific diseases, it is necessary to strengthen anti-TB measures among them.
18
Kumar Yadav, Narendra, B. T. Munnoli, and Nabisab Kamatnur. "EFFICACY OF NYAGRODHA TWAK CHOORNA, ELA CHOORNA WITH MADHU IN MUKHAPAKA IN CHILDREN." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 10 (October 31, 2020): 1080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11936.
Full textAbstract:
Mukhapaka is one of the common diseases in day today practice which disturbs childrens ability to eat, drink, talk and lack of sleep. This disease is relentlessly increasing among the children in India, with an overall incidence of 25%.Vitamins deficiency, nutrition deficiency, iron deficiency, is very common in children and one of the causative factors of Mukhapaka, so patients of Mukhapaka are in need of a cost effective, palatable and easily available medicine. Therefore, NyagrodhaTwakchoorna, Elachoorna with Madhu, has been selected.These drugs have an action of anti-inflammatory, haemostatic, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, improves wound healing and provides cooling effect by their Pitta samaka property. These can be administered both internally and externally.Currently the treatment for the Mukhapka being very limited, the present clinical study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of Nyagrodhatwakchoorna and Elachoorna with Madhu for Pralepa in Mukhapaka.
19
Gokcay, G. "Strategies for the Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Children." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 52, no. 2 (November 16, 2005): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fml010.
Full text
20
Inoyatova, F. I., N. A. Ikramova, G. Z. Inogamova, Kh M. Kadyrkhodzhayeva, F. G. Abdullayeva, N. K. Valiyeva, and A. Kh Akhmedova. "The informativity of the markers of iron metabolism in the differential diagnosis of anemia of inflammation in children with chronic HBV infection." Journal Infectology 12, no. 5 (January 21, 2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2020-12-5-40-47.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To assess diagnostic importance of iron metabolism markers in the progression of anemia of inflammation (AI) in children with chronic HBV infection.Materials and methods: Among 148 examined children with chronic HBV infection 140 had AI, 60.7% of them with refractory (RA) and 39.3% with non-refractory (nRA) progression variant. Complete blood count was performed using hematologic automatic analyzer. Virologic verification of HBV was done by ELISA and PCR. ELISA was used to determine 25-hepcidin, serum iron, ferritin, trasferrin, sTfR, IL-1, IL-6. The index sTfR/log10Ft was calculated.Results: Performing the examination of children with chronic HBV infection we determined high prevalence of AI, equal to 94.6%, which was characterized by normocyte normochromic progression, thrombocytopenia, thrombocrit decrease in case of RA, and microcyte hypochromic progression with erythrocyte anisocytosis in case of nRA. Despite the high inflammatory index induced by HBV viral replication, children with RA had characteristic decrease in 25-hepcidin and transferrin parameters with background high values of ferritin, while nRA was characterized by rise of 25-hepcidin and transferrin spectrum with low values of serum iron and ferritin.Conclusions. In the genesis of AI in chronic HBV cases two pathogenic variants were determined: true iron deficiency with ferromarkers in the type of IDA characteristic for nRA and redistribution iron deficiency compliant to hemosiderosis characteristic for RA. Priority in the differential diagnosis of AI variants is given to the comparison of sTfR/log10Ft index parameters (RA<1.0; nRA>2.0) with reference level of 25-hepcidin<28,68ng/ml in case of RA, and >56,37ng/ml in case of nRA.
21
Gualdrón Moncada, Juan Pablo, Ana María Caballero Mieles, Alexandra Paola Arrieta González, Valeria Olarte Manjarres, Natalia Andrea Cuevas Florez, Laura Vanessa Molina Torres, Diana Lisseth Rodriguez Paredes, Erika Paola Ramirez Escobar, and Mayra Alejandra Santander Maury. "Development of Febrile Seizures in Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia." Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports 5, no. 1 (February 15, 2022): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36502/2022/asjbccr.6258.
Full textAbstract:
A febrile seizure is a seizure that occurs in children with a temperature of 38 ºC or more, common in pediatric patients between the ages of 6 to 60 months without intracranial infections, metabolic disorder, or a history of seizures without fever. In 50% of children the first febrile seizure occurs at 2 years and in 90% before 3 years, anemia is also a frequent pathology in pediatric patients, in fact, the figures of the World Health Organization (WHO), point out that iron deficiency anemia attacks children under five years of age, occurring worldwide around 799 million, an average, in the last 10 years, of 42%. And in Latin America, the figure is 23%. Iron deficiency anemia can predispose to the development of febrile seizures because iron plays a crucial role in the transport of oxygen to all tissues, its deficiency also produces a dysfunction of myelination, tyrosine, and tryptophan synthesis hydroxylase, which are necessary for the release of neurotransmitters, therefore, if said neurotransmitters are not released, the brain synapse can be altered and lead to a seizure. Therefore, it is important and relevant to recognize these concepts and the intimate relationship between them, in addition to the risk factors that can trigger them, in order to promote the reduction of the risk of presenting these diseases in vulnerable groups such as pediatric patients.
22
Wronecka, Milena, Elżbieta Pac-Kożuchowska, Agnieszka Mroczkowska-Juchkiewicz, and Jakub Wronecki. "Chronic anaemia in children as a manifestation of gastrointestinal disorders." Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna 18, no. 2 (September 16, 2022): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2022.0015.
Full textAbstract:
Anaemia is a common problem encountered by paediatricians and general practitioners in the paediatric population. If left untreated, it can lead to serious health consequences, slower development and cognitive impairment. Therefore, it is extremely important to identify its cause and implement appropriate treatment. Since iron deficiency is the most common cause of anaemia, oral iron supplementation at appropriate doses should be used as a first step. However, anaemia may be secondary and often the only symptom of pathological processes in the body. It very often accompanies gastrointestinal diseases, which cause impaired absorption of hematopoietic elements, blood loss through the gastrointestinal tract and dysregulation of iron metabolism accompanying chronic diseases. Therefore, anaemia unresponsive to oral iron treatment should prompt diagnosis for gastrointestinal diseases most common in the paediatric population. Specialised investigations should target the suspected clinical entity, enabling its diagnosis. A correct diagnosis allows for optimal treatment of the underlying disease and, as a result, resolution of the pathology triggering anaemia. However, it takes a long time to regain normal intestinal mucosal function, therefore it is often necessary to additionally include intravenous iron infusions and, in selected cases, packed red blood cell transfusions to rapidly normalise red cell system parameters.
23
Radlovic, Nedeljko, Zoran Lekovic, Jelena Radlovic, and Marija Mladenovic. "The basis of prevention of iron deficiency anemia during childhood and adolescence." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, no. 00 (2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh220908099r.
Full textAbstract:
Anemia is a common and etiologically heterogeneous health problem both during the period of growth and development and in other phases of life. It is most often caused by a deficiency of iron, primarily due to inadequate nutrition, and less often as a consequence of various diseases. Particularly risk groups for the occurrence of anemia due to iron deficiency are children in the stages of rapid growth and development, i.e., in the first years after birth and during puberty. In accordance with the fact that it is better to prevent than to treat, in this article are given basic guidelines related to the prevention of this type of anemia in children and adolescents.
24
Balashova, E. A., L. I. Mazur, Yu V. Tezikov, and I. S. Lipatov. "The impact of iron deficiency correction in pregnant women on the perinatal period and children’s health status." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 65, no. 1 (March 6, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-1-51-58.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. To identify the effects of gestational iron deficiency anemia after treatment with iron-containing drugs during the perinatal period on the health status of full-term children during their 1st year of life.Patients and methods.The authors carried out a prospective observational cohort study of full-term infants of I & II health group from their birth to twelve months. The course of pregnancy and labor was analyzed retrospectively. Hemoglobin, serum ferritin and C-reactive protein were measured in the six and twelve months old children and their mothers in 6 months after giving birth. We examined 140 couples of mother-child with gestational anemia (Group 1) and 166 couples without anemia during pregnancy (Group 2) in 6 months after giving birth, and in 12 months – 103 and 131 couples respectively. All women with iron deficiency anemia (Group 1) received therapy during pregnancy. Results. Gestational anemia is associated with threatened miscarriage (Odds Ratio (OR) 3.496; 95% CI 2.013–6.072), chronic placental insufficiency (OR 1.907; 95% CI 1.025–3.548), delivery by cesarean section (OR 2.729; 95% CI 1.651–4.502), increased infectious morbidity in pregnant women (OR 1.079; 95% CI 1.025–3.548) and insufficient lactation (OR 1.990; 95% CI 1.209– 3.277). Treated anemia during pregnancy is not associated with low birth weight and low weight of 6 and 12 months old children. 8.6% of 6 months old children suffered from iron deficiency anemia, which is two times lower than in the group without anemia (p=0.007). The frequency of iron deficiency anemia did not differ in 12 months old children (р=0.543). Conclusion: Iron supplementation reduces the negative impact of anemia on child’s health, including anthropometric indicators, iron stores, and risk of infectious diseases. The indirect effect is maintained through the adverse course of the perinatal period and the low duration of lactation.
25
Raiten, Daniel J., Sorrel Namasté, and Bernard Brabin. "Considerations for the Safe and Effective Use of Iron Interventions in Areas of Malaria Burden - Executive Summary." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 81, no. 1 (October 1, 2011): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000051.
Full textAbstract:
In 2006, the World Health Organization and the United Nations Childrens Fund released a joint statement advising that, in regions where the prevalence of malaria and other infectious diseases is high, iron and folic acid supplementation should be limited to those who are identified as iron-deficient. Although precipitated, in large part, by a recent report of adverse events associated with iron supplementation in children, questions about the risk/benefit of iron deficiency and mechanisms underlying potential adverse effects of iron in the context of infection are long-standing. Moreover, the implementation of this revised policy is compromised in most settings by the lack of consensus on the best methods to screen for iron deficiency. In response to these concerns a comprehensive review was conducted by a Technical Working Group (TWG), constituted by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, in partnership with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The review included an evaluation of the putative mechanisms associated with adverse effects of iron in the context of malaria; applicability of available biomarkers for assessing iron status in the context of infections; and evaluation of evidence with regard to the safety and effectiveness of available interventions to prevent iron deficiency, particularly in areas of endemic malaria. The aim of this paper is to summarize the technical details of the larger TWG review conclusion that the occurrence and mechanism(s) of adverse effects associated with providing iron supplements (i. e., pills/liquid) under conditions of malaria and high infection exposure remain a concern, especially in settings where care and treatment are not readily available or accessible. Iron deficiency remains a problem that demands appropriate clinical care. When target groups have already been identified as being iron-deficient, iron supplementation is the intervention of choice for the treatment of anemia and other manifestations of iron deficiency. Of available intervention options to prevent iron deficiency, supplements are probably least desirable, particularly for infants and children. This paper also provides a synopsis of the TWG responses to the recently published Cochrane Review on the safety of iron supplementation for children in the context of malaria, and a research agenda outlined by the TWG that can best address outstanding questions.
26
Akodu, Olufemi Samuel, Omolara Adeolu Kehinde, Ijeoma Nnena Diaku-Akinwumi, and Olisamedua Fidelis Njokanma. "IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA AMONG PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA: STILL A RARE DIAGNOSIS?" Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 5, no. 1 (November 7, 2013): e2013069. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2013.069.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The frequent need for blood transfusion in children with SCA creates the impression that IDA is rare in this class of children. Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of IDA in a population of under-five children with SCA in Lagos, Nigeria. Methodology: Serum iron, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation and serum ferritin were assayed in 97 under-five children with SCA and 97 age/sex matched controls. The diagnosis of IDA was established based on the following criteria: haemoglobin <11.0 g/dl plus two or more of the following: MCV <70fl, transferrin saturation (Ts) <16% or serum ferritin (SF) <25ng/dL Results: Overall prevalence of IDA was significantly higher among AA controls. In the younger age group, the prevalence of IDA was significantly higher among HbAA controls while in the older age group the odds of having IDA was three times higher among HbSS subjects but the difference was not statistically significant. Two of the three SCA children with IDA have history of previous blood transfusion. Conclusion: IDA is uncommon in pre-school aged children with SCA. A multi-centre study is necessary to yield large number of transfused subjects to examine the effects of blood transfusion on prevalence of IDA.
27
Danquah, Ina, Jean-Bosco Gahutu, Irene Zeile, Andre Musemakweri, and Frank P. Mockenhaupt. "Anaemia, iron deficiency and a common polymorphism of iron-regulation,TMPRSS6rs855791, in Rwandan children." Tropical Medicine & International Health 19, no. 1 (October 31, 2013): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12216.
Full text
28
Solomon, P. John, Margaret Chellaraj, and A. Priya Margaret. "Anemia in Indian Children and Management." Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 9, no. 7 (July 17, 2021): 1185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i07.012.
Full textAbstract:
Anemia is defined as hemoglobin level of less than the 5th percentile for age [1]. It is a common condition in children seen in everyday practice. It has to be detected early to prevent complications. Anemia is more common in children below 2 years of age. Most children with mild anemia are asymptomatic. Hence, in many countries where the prevalence of anemia is very high it is common practice to screen for anemia at 1 year of age. Most cases of anemia in our country are caused by nutritional deficiency of iron, and or vitamins. Simple investigations and treatment are adequate to diagnose and manage most of the cases of anemia. Medical practitioners should have a thorough knowledge about the common causes of anemia and their management. Referral to a Pediatric Hematologist is required only in some cases. Before arriving at a conclusion we should compare the blood results with normal values for that age. Anemia in the newborn may be due to blood loss, hemolysis caused by blood group incompatibilities or abnormalities of the cell membranes of the RBCs or its enzymes. During infancy and childhood the commonest cause of Anemia is nutritional, of which iron deficiency is more common. Folic acid and B12 deficiency can also cause anemia. Thalassemia major and severe forms of hereditary spherocytosis cause anemia and jaundice requiring blood transfusion and iron chelation and folic acid therapy. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is not common in children. In some inherited diseases like Thalassemia Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation offers the best hope for cure.
29
Kazancı, Elif Güler, Muhammet Furkan Korkmaz, and Betül Orhaner. "Efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose treatment in children with iron deficiency anemia." Medical Science and Discovery 6, no. 10 (October 27, 2019): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v6i10.317.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose treatment in children with iron deficiency anemia who were unresponsive to or could not tolerate oral iron therapy.
Material and Methods: Among patients determined to have iron deficiency anemia, and were intolerant or noncompliant with oral iron therapy, 92 patients who have received parenteral iron therapy between the ages of 6 months and 18 years have been investigated retrospectively. Age, gender, patient complaints at application, dietary characteristics, accompanying diseases and treatment complications, and safety, tolerability, and adverse events have been assessed from the information obtained from patient files. Treatment efficiency was evaluated with hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and ferritin results from the blood samples taken before treatment, at the second week of treatment and after two months.
Results: Mean age of patients was 12.5 ± 4.7 (age interval 1-17 years), and 21% was male while 79% was female. 72% of our patients were adolescents. From an etiological aspect, 56% of our patients was determined to have an iron-poor diet, 29% had functional menorrhagia, and 15% had chronic gastrointestinal system pathologies. Mean Hb, MCV and ferritin levels before and after treatment were found as: 7.72 ± 1.21 g/dl and 11.44 g/dl ± 0.68 g/dl; 63.2 ± 7.12 fL and 76.6 ± 3.81 fL; 3.87 ± 2.52 nmol/L and 57.94 ± 17.19 nmol/L, respectively (p< 0.001). 94% of patients were determined to have at least 2 g/dL (mean value 3.71 [range 1.6-6.3]) increase in their Hb levels. Anaphylaxis was observed in a patient who had a history of allergy despite applying premedication.
Conclusion: Parenteral iron therapy is an efficient and safe treatment among indicated patients.
30
Rondó, Patricia Helen Carvalho, Andréia Conde, Miriam Coelho Souza, and Alice Sakuma. "Iron deficiency anaemia and blood lead concentrations in Brazilian children." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 105, no. 9 (September 2011): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.05.012.
Full text
31
Canatan, Duran, and Sevgi Kosaci Akdeniz. "SALIVA IRON AND FERRITIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH THALASSEMIA AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 4, no. 1 (August 9, 2012): e2012051. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2012.051.
Full textAbstract:
Most of the techniques for measuring iron accumulation such as serum iron concentration, iron binding capacity, serum ferritin level, liver biopsy are invasive and hard methods for patients. The changes in trace element concentrations in saliva at different systemic diseases shows the quantity of the element at the body. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of iron and ferritin in saliva and serum in patients with thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia. For this purpose, 35 healthy children as control group and 71 thalassemia major, 10 thalassemia intermedia and 15 thalassemia trait patients were involved. Their saliva and serum iron and ferritin levels were measured. There was no statistically difference between age and gender in all groups and control group (p>0.05). In all groups saliva iron levels are higher than serum iron levels(p<0.05). Furthermore there was a positive correlation betwen serum and saliva iron levels in thalassemia major, intermedia and trait groups ( p=0.000, r=0.972, r=0.720, r=0.955) and also there was a positive correlation between serum and saliva iron levels in control and iron deficiency group (p= 0.000, r= 0.885, r= 0.368). In conclusion, Saliva iron and ferritin levels increase as well as serum in patients with thalassemia and decrease in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Saliva can be used for diagnosis routinely to shows the iron overload and deficiency of the body and its easy applicability and also a non-invasive procedure is important advantage.
32
Febrianti, Zul, Fadil Oenzil, Firman Arbi, and Gustina Lubis. "Soluble transferrin receptor levels in obese and non obese adolescents." Paediatrica Indonesiana 54, no. 2 (April 30, 2014): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi54.2.2014.77-81.
Full textAbstract:
Background Iron deficiency in children and adolescents maybe dueto an inadequate supply of iron as well as increased iron requirementsfor growth and developmental processes. The incr easing prevalence ofobesity puts children at risk of iron deficiency. Studies on the effectsof obesity on iron deficiency have focused on low grade systemicinflammation as well as examining soluble transferrin receptor levels(sTfR) as an indicator ofiron deficiency.Objective To compare sT fR levels in obese and non-obeseadolescents, assess for correlations between BMI, sTfR and obesity,and determine the risk of iron deficiency in obese adolescents .Method T his cross sectional study was conducted on 20 obeseand 20 non-obese adolescents aged 15-17 in East Aceh District,from September to December 20 11. Subject were chosen throughcluster sampling. The obese subjects had BMI > 95th percentileand the non-obese subjects had BMI s:851h percentile based onthe 2000 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Exclusioncriteria were blood disorders, chronic diseases, and a history ofbleeding. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and T test witha significance level of P < 0.05, and Pearson's correlation.Results The mean s TfR levels in obese adolescents was higher thanin non-obese adolescents, [2.59 (SD 0.76) vs 2.14 (SD 0.45) μg/mL(P = 0.030)]. Iron deficiency (sTfR> 2.5 μgimL) was more commonin obese than in non-obese adolescents [ (55% vs . 15%, respectively,(P = 0.019) ]. Analysis of the relationship between obesity accordingto BMI andsTfRrevealedan OR of 6.93; 95% CI 1.53 to3 1.38. Ther elationship between the BMI and sTfR levels indicated a positive,moderate strength of association (r = 0.392) .Conclusion The mean sT fR levels in obese adolescents is significantlyhigher than in non-obese individuals. Obese adolescentshave a 6.93 times higher risk of iron deficiency than non-obeseadolescents. Body mass index has a positive and moderate associationwith sTfR.
33
Bhadauria, Arti, Albha Tiwari, Beenu Singh Chauhan, and Poornima Shah. "Correlation between nutritional status parameters and hemoglobin level of teenage girls and hemoglobin level." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 18, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 827–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/18.2/827-831.
Full textAbstract:
Malnutrition is caused by the absence of any essential nutritional factor in the diet, including defects in the formation of hemoglobin or low absorption of essential nutrients. Some malnutrition due to lack of iron in the diet or high quality protein, vitamin B6 deficiency which affects the heme protein in the synthesis of hemoglobin, vitamin E deficiency which affects the stability of the membranes of red blood cells it happens. Copper is not part of the hemoglobin molecule but it affects the absorption of iron in the liver. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder in the world. Worldwide, anemia is estimated to affect 2 billion people, or 30 per cent of the world’s population and is more severe in developing countries due to frequent malaria and insect infestation. It particularly affects women in the reproductive age group and young children in tropical and sub-tropical regions. The World Bank estimates that malnutrition is a direct contributor to global diseases. Malnutrition occurs at all stages of life, but is most common in pregnant women, young children and teenage girls. Iron deficiency and malnutrition are a major public health problem among teenagers. Studies indicate that anemia in teenagers increases with age and the rate of growth is highest during teenage.
34
Pasricha, Sant-Rayn, Hal Drakesmith, James Black, David Hipgrave, and Beverley-Ann Biggs. "Control of iron deficiency anemia in low- and middle-income countries." Blood 121, no. 14 (April 4, 2013): 2607–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-09-453522.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Despite worldwide economic and scientific development, more than a quarter of the world’s population remains anemic, and about half of this burden is a result of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). IDA is most prevalent among preschool children and women. Among women, iron supplementation improves physical and cognitive performance, work productivity, and well-being, and iron during pregnancy improves maternal, neonatal, infant, and even long-term child outcomes. Among children, iron may improve cognitive, psychomotor, and physical development, but the evidence for this is more limited. Strategies to control IDA include daily and intermittent iron supplementation, home fortification with micronutrient powders, fortification of staple foods and condiments, and activities to improve food security and dietary diversity. The safety of routine iron supplementation in settings where infectious diseases, particularly malaria, are endemic remains uncertain. The World Health Organization is revising global guidelines for controlling IDA. Implementation of anemia control programs in developing countries requires careful baseline epidemiologic evaluation, selection of appropriate interventions that suit the population, and ongoing monitoring to ensure safety and effectiveness. This review provides an overview and an approach for the implementation of public health interventions for controlling IDA in low- and middle-income countries, with an emphasis on current evidence-based recommendations.
35
DE MORAIS, MAURO BATISTA, and HELENA UETA SUZUKI. "Weight Gain in Children with Asymptomatic Giardiasis and Iron-Deficiency Anaemia During Oral Iron Therapy." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 43, no. 2 (1997): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/43.2.121.
Full text
36
Nyakeriga, Alice M., Marita Troye‐Blomberg, Jeffrey R. Dorfman, Neal D. Alexander, Rune Bäck, Moses Kortok, Alex K. Chemtai, Kevin Marsh, and Thomas N. Williams. "Iron Deficiency and Malaria among Children Living on the Coast of Kenya." Journal of Infectious Diseases 190, no. 3 (August 2004): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/422331.
Full text
37
Mamun, Md Abdullah Al, and Ruhina Binta A. Ghani. "The role of iron and zinc in cognitive development of children." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 3, no. 2 (August 29, 2017): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v3i2.33561.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of iron and zinc on cognitive, motor and behavioral development are on children is scientifically accepted and concentrates on the more recent work, some previous work and areas of controversy. There are well established associations with poor development and iron and zinc deficiency in food source but the deficiencies usually occur in disadvantaged circumstances and establishing causal relationships is not easy. The health and well being of children depend upon the interaction between their genetic potential and exogenous factors like adequacy of nutrition, safety of the environment, social interaction and other childhood activity. Both proteins-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies increase the risk of death from common diseases such as acute gastroenteritis, pneumonia and measles. Iron deficiency anemia, for example, is estimated to affect almost 25% of the worlds population resulting in high economic cost by adding to the burden on health care services, affecting learning in school. Dietary practices frequently seen in children from both developed and developing countries, leading to frequent consumption of nutrient poor foods, may also put them at risk of micronutrient deficiencies.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 145-151
38
Gwamaka, M., J. D. Kurtis, B. E. Sorensen, S. Holte, R. Morrison, T. K. Mutabingwa, M. Fried, and P. E. Duffy. "Iron Deficiency Protects Against Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria and Death in Young Children." Clinical Infectious Diseases 54, no. 8 (February 21, 2012): 1137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cis010.
Full text
39
Ossei, Inna, Kwame Ohene Buabeng, Paul Poku Sampene Ossei, Samuel Blay Nguah, William Gilbert Ayibor, Berko Panyin Anto, Agyemang-Duah Eric, and Mahama Duwiejua. "Iron-deficiency anaemia in children with congenital heart diseases at a teaching hospital in Ghana." Heliyon 6, no. 2 (February 2020): e03408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03408.
Full text
40
Soliman, A. T., M. M. Al Dabbagh, A. H. Habboub, A. Adel, N. A. Humaidy, and A. Abushahin. "Linear Growth in Children with Iron Deficiency Anemia Before and After Treatment." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 55, no. 5 (March 4, 2009): 324–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmp011.
Full text
41
Dhankar, Nimisha, Richa Gupta, Shyam Lata Jain, Shramana Mandal, and Beauty Sarkar. "Perturbation of monocyte subsets in iron-deficient children – a shift to a pro-inflammatory state?" Allergologia et Immunopathologia 49, no. 6 (November 1, 2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v49i6.91.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency in preschool children in developing countries including India. IDA is associated with immune perturbation, which is reflected in greater frequency of infections in these children. Recent research has shown three distinct monocyte subsets with distinct functions linked to infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. These subsets have not been studied in chil-dren with IDA. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the percentage of monocyte population and the three subset populations in children with IDA and to compare the data with age-matched healthy controls. Methods: Venous blood samples (5 mL) from 40 IDA children and 20 controls were collected after taking informed consent. Monocyte subpopulations were compared across the two groups. The outcome variables were calculated using Students Independent t-test or Mann– Whitney U test. P value of <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: No significant difference was found in the absolute numbers as well as percentages of total monocytes between the control and case (study) group. Children in the IDA group showed a significant (p = 0.03) decrease in the nonclassical subset population when compared to the control group. Conclusion: This is the first study done on monocyte subsets in iron-deficient children. Decrease in nonclassical monocytes observed may be associated with a pro-inflammatory state and increased risk of inflammatory and auto immune diseases. Follow-up studies are needed to confirm these findings.
42
DeSouza, Sherwin, Anita Shet, Prasanna Kumar Kapavarapu, and Arun S. Shet. "Evaluating Biomarkers Of Iron Deficiency Anemia In Anemia Of Inflammation." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.948.948.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Low middle income countries like India have a high prevalence of childhood anemia (74% in children <5years of age) (NFHS-3 survey 2006) and the predominant cause is iron deficiency anemia (IDA) (Pasricha et al, Pediatrics 2010). Additionally, in this setting there is a large burden of infectious diseases in children. Thus, several community dwelling Indian children have anemia and infection, where the use of standard markers such as ferritin to diagnose IDA is challenging. Using HIV infected children as a model for anemia of inflammation (AI), we explored the utility of zinc protoporphyrin/heme (ZPP/H) as a biomarker for the diagnosis of IDA superimposed on AI. Methods We prospectively enrolled 241 HIV-infected children in a multicentric study to assess anemia in HIV infected children. Of these, 221 children (aged 2-12 years, mean 7.86 years) had evaluable blood samples that were used to measure hematological and biochemical parameters. Stored samples of washed erythrocytes were used to measure Zinc protoporphyrin/Heme ratio (ZPP/H) with a hematofluorometer (AVIV Biomedical). Using standard biochemical assays, we measured serum ferritin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and serum transferrin receptor levels. Anemia was defined using WHO age specific hemoglobin-based criteria (2011). The soluble transferrin receptor log ferritin index (sTfR-F index ≥1.5) was used to identify those having pure IDA (index ≥ 1.5) and non-iron deficient AI (sTfR-F index < 1.5). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 21.0 for Mac). The performance of ZPP/H ratio was compared to sTfR-F index as a gold standard using Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC). Results Among 221 evaluable patients, the mean age was 7.9 ± 2.5 years with a range of 2-12 years. Based on an age-stratified hemoglobin criteria (WHO, 2011), 65 children (29.4%) were classified as anemic, of whom 56% were males. Comparisons between anemic and non-anemic children are presented in tables 1 and 2. Using previously published biochemical criteria (sTfR index > 1.5; Punnonen et al, Blood 1997); we found that the sTfR index detected pure IDA in 43% cases. Using an alternative algorithm based on the serum ferritin value (Goodnough et al, NEJM 2005), the patients were reclassified into pure IDA (46.2%, <30mg/l), pure AI (20.0%, >100mg/l) and mixed IDA and AI (33.8%, 30-100mg/l). High sensitivity CRP (>1.0mg/dl indicating inflammation) biochemically defined AI, in 35.4% patients. An ROC for ZPP/H levels was plotted using the sTfR index as a gold standard (n=65), with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.80 and a standard error of 0.05. The ZPP/H cutoff value of 59.5μmol/mol heme, on the efficiency curve, identified IDA with 96.4% sensitivity and 78.4% specificity. Conclusion Our studies suggest that a ZPP/H cutoff value of 59.5 μmol/mol heme can diagnose IDA in anemic HIV infected children with acceptable sensitivity and specificity. In low middle-income countries, ZPP/H is a relatively cost efficient point of care test that can guide the use of iron supplements. However, further studies in a healthy pediatric population are needed to assess the validity of these cut off values. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
43
Saha, Aloke Kumar, Md Kamrul Hassan, Lakshman Chandra Kundu, Shyamal Kumar Saha, Poly Begum, and Asrafunnahar Lucky. "Low Serum Ferritin is a Risk for Febrile Convulsion in Children." Faridpur Medical College Journal 11, no. 2 (June 9, 2017): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v11i2.32882.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency anaemia and febrile seizures are two common diseases in children worldwide as well as in developing country. A prospective case-control study was carried out in the Department of Paediatrics, Faridpur Medical College Hospital. The study was done during the period from January'2015 to September'2015 with 50 children with first simple febrile seizure as cases and other 50 controls. There were no significant differences in terms of ESR, WBC, platelets, RBC, MCHC, and TIBC levels between the cases and the control group. HB, HCT, MCH, mean serum ferritin and serum iron, were significantly low in the febrile convulsion group as compared to control group.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jul 2016;11(2): 44-46
44
Donma, Mustafa Metin, Zeynep Ersöz Güngör, Ahsen Yılmaz, Savas Guzel, and Orkide Donma. "Assessment of Iron Metabolism-Related Parameters in Obese Children." Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry 7, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ajmb.2019.08.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the possible associations among biochemical parameters that may be correlated with the possible mechanisms of iron metabolism in healthy children with normal body mass index (BMI), along with morbid obese (MO) children with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: To this end, children aged 6-18 years with no history of any acute or chronic diseases were selected as the population of this prospective case-control study. Thirty MO children (with BMI higher than 99th percentile and without MetS findings), 28 MO children (with BMI higher than 99th percentile and with MetS), and 30 healthy children (with BMI values between 15th and 85th percentiles) participated in the study. Then, anthropometric measurements were recorded, followed by performing the complete blood count and serum iron profile. In addition, ferritin, transferrin, hepcidin, irisin, ferroportin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), WISP1, and PTP1/fortilin levels were measured using ELISA. Finally, statistical analyses were performed and P<0.05 was considered as the level of statistical significance. Results: Significant differences were obtained among the groups regarding anthropometric measurements, blood pressures, triacylglycerols, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Further, there was a tendency toward an iron deficiency in both MO groups while an increase in ferritin levels was significant in the MetS group. However, BDNF, hepcidin, and ferroportin demonstrated no significant difference among the groups. Eventually, although the above-mentioned parameters were statistically insignificant, fortilin levels indicated a gradual decrease whereas irisin levels represented an increase from control group toward morbid obesity and MetS. Conclusion: In our study, obesity severity and the tendency toward iron deficiency were in accordance with each other. Particularly, different WISP-1 levels in the groups may help predict future complications, along with its use in diagnosing obesity.
45
Jukes, Matthew. "The Long-Term Impact of Preschool Health and Nutrition on Education." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26, no. 2_suppl2 (June 2005): S193—S201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15648265050262s210.
Full textAbstract:
Malnutrition and infectious diseases in infancy and early childhood have an impact on the cognitive development of children in developing countries. The long-term effects of these diseases are less well understood. A number of studies relate early malnutrition, iron deficiency, and malaria infection to poor cognitive abilities in the school-age years. The long-term effect of randomized interventions in early childhood has been evaluated for nutrition supplementation and psychosocial stimulation of malnourished children and for malaria prevention in a community cohort. The evidence suggests that improving the health and nutrition of young children can improve their subsequent chances of attending school, the gender equity of education access, and performance of children once at school.
46
Kumar, Shashi Bhushan, Shanvanth R. Arnipalli, Priyanka Mehta, Silvia Carrau, and Ouliana Ziouzenkova. "Iron Deficiency Anemia: Efficacy and Limitations of Nutritional and Comprehensive Mitigation Strategies." Nutrients 14, no. 14 (July 20, 2022): 2976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14142976.
Full textAbstract:
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has reached epidemic proportions in developing countries and has become a major global public health problem, affecting mainly 0–5-year-old children and young women of childbearing age, especially during pregnancy. Iron deficiency can lead to life-threatening loss of red blood cells, muscle function, and energy production. Therefore, the pathogenic features associated with IDA are weakness and impaired growth, motor, and cognitive performance. IDA affects the well-being of the young generation and the economic advancement of developing countries, such as India. The imbalance between iron intake/absorption/storage and iron utilization/loss culminates into IDA. However, numerous strategic programs aimed to increase iron intake have shown that improvement of iron intake alone has not been sufficient to mitigate IDA. Emerging critical risk factors for IDA include a composition of cultural diets, infections, genetics, inflammatory conditions, metabolic diseases, dysbiosis, and socioeconomic parameters. In this review, we discuss numerous IDA mitigation programs in India and their limitations. The new multifactorial mechanism of IDA pathogenesis opens perspectives for the improvement of mitigation programs and relief of IDA in India and worldwide.
47
Prentice, Andrew M., Conor P. Doherty, Steven A. Abrams, Sharon E. Cox, Sarah H. Atkinson, Hans Verhoef, Andrew E. Armitage, and Hal Drakesmith. "Hepcidin is the major predictor of erythrocyte iron incorporation in anemic African children." Blood 119, no. 8 (February 23, 2012): 1922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-11-391219.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIron supplementation strategies in the developing world remain controversial because of fears of exacerbating prevalent infectious diseases. Understanding the conditions in which iron will be absorbed and incorporated into erythrocytes is therefore important. We studied Gambian children with either postmalarial or nonmalarial anemia, who were given oral iron supplements daily for 30 days. Supplements administered on days 1 and 15 contained the stable iron isotopes 57Fe and 58Fe, respectively, and erythrocyte incorporation was measured in blood samples drawn 14 days later. We investigated how the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin and other inflammatory/iron-related indices, all measured on the day of isotope administration, correlated with erythrocyte iron incorporation. In univariate analyses, hepcidin, ferritin, C-reactive protein, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) strongly predicted incorporation of 57Fe given on day 1, while hepcidin, ferritin, and sTfR/log ferritin correlated with 58Fe incorporation. In a final multivariate model, the most consistent predictor of erythrocyte isotope incorporation was hepcidin. We conclude that under conditions of competing signals (anemia, iron deficiency, and infection), hepcidin powerfully controls use of dietary iron. We suggest that low-cost point-of-care hepcidin assays would aid iron supplementation programs in the developing world.
48
Levchuk, Larisa, Natalia Sannikova, Tatiana Borodulina, Marina Kolyasnikova, and Gulnara Mukhametshina. "Monitoring of the trophological status of children for early detection of alimentary dependent diseases." BIO Web of Conferences 22 (2020): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202202009.
Full textAbstract:
Food deficits are now a serious problem because they often lead to the development of health disorders and the formation of chronic pathology. The article presents the results of nutritional status assessment including the study of actual nutrition, health, physical development and availability of a number of macro and micronutrients in 493 children aged 3 to 11 years. Early formation of excess body weight and obesity and their relationship with the development of chronic diseases, decrease of physical performance has been proved. Biochemical markers for cardiovascular disease risk in these age groups have been found. The combination of micronutrients deficiency such as calcium, iron, zinc adversely affects the level of health and development of children, which determines the need to introduce a set of preventive measures.
49
Sun, Dou Lin (Rose), Allan Puran, Mohammed Al Nuaimi, Layla AlRiyami, Laura Kinlin, Cory Borkhoff, Melanie-Ann Kirby, and Patricia Parkin. "80 To Transfuse or Not to Transfuse: Choosing blood transfusions wisely in young children hospitalized with iron deficiency anemia." Paediatrics & Child Health 27, Supplement_3 (October 1, 2022): e38-e38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxac100.079.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Nutritional iron deficiency anemia (IDA) peaks in prevalence at 6to 36 months of age. Children with severe IDA often present to emergency departments and may be hospitalized. Currently, little is known about the management and use of packed red blood cell transfusion in hospitalized children with severe IDA. The current Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) Practice Point on iron requirements in the first 2 years of life (February 2021) provides guidance on prevention of iron deficiency and iron therapy; however, there is no guidance on the use of blood transfusion in children with severe IDA. Choosing Wisely Canada provides guidance on blood transfusions for adults; however, there are no recommendations on transfusion in children. In contrast, the joint American Society of Hematology and American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Choosing Wisely Task Force recently published (January 2022) recommendations, including avoiding packed red blood cell transfusion for asymptomatic children with IDA and no active bleeding. Objectives To describe the rate of blood transfusion and characteristics of young children hospitalized with IDA. Design/Methods Data from children, 6 to 36 months, hospitalized with IDA (2001-2020) was abstracted from health records using a standardized data collection form. Eligibility criteria were discharge diagnosis of IDA according to International Classification of Diseases codes, and laboratory evidence of IDA (hemoglobin < 110 g/L and at least two abnormal markers such as MCV, ferritin, transferrin, iron). Descriptive statistics were used. Results Of 79 children hospitalized with nutritional IDA (mean age 18.5 months), 34 (43%) received a blood transfusion. Of those receiving a transfusion, the initial mean hemoglobin was 32g/L (range 17-56g/L). Volume of blood given was: 5mL/kg (n=23, 68%), 10mL/kg (n=8, 23%), and >10mL/kg (n=3, 9%). Two children experienced adverse reactions: allergic reaction; non-hemolytic transfusion reaction. Characteristics of the entire cohort (n=79) were: female (n=51, 65%); previously healthy (n=69, 87%); received iron therapy prior to hospitalization (n=6, 8%); tachycardia on presentation (n=47, 59%); daily milk intake (mean 1638mL, range 236-9000mL). Initial laboratory results (mean) were: hemoglobin 40g/L (range 15-85g/L); MCV 51fL; platelet count 574x109/L; ferritin 3ug/L. Management included dietitian consultation with recommendation to reduce milk intake (n=69, 87%) and all patients received oral iron therapy on discharge (n=79, 100%). No child received intravenous iron therapy during their admission. Conclusion Our findings suggest high rates of blood transfusion among young children hospitalized with iron deficiency anemia. Future research includes examining factors associated with transfusion and practices at other Canadian centres. Our overall aim is to help inform future CPS and Choosing Wisely Canada recommendations.
50
Singh, Swatantar, and Sangeeta Parihar. "Prevalence of anemia in under five-year-old children: a hospital-based study." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 2 (February 23, 2019): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190740.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Anemia affects individuals of both gender and all ages, there is a need for localized and age- and context-specific studies to improve our knowledge of prevalence patterns and associated risk factors of Indian population. The present study was done to determine the prevalence of and associated risk factors for anemia in under five-year-old children in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out among under five-year-old children suffering from anemia. For the diagnosis of anemia, WHO criteria for haemoglobin (Hb) threshold in different age group were used. The growth and development statuses of children were evaluated by WHO's Child Growth Standards 2006.Results: Total 240 anaemic children were enrolled into the study. Children of age group of between 2-5 years was more affected. A majority of the mother of anaemic children had primary level of school education. More than half of the children belong to lower socioeconomic classes (Class IV + Class V). Nutritional deficiency was the single most important causative factor in the development of anemia. Infectious diseases found to be more prevalent.Conclusions: Nutritional deficiency, particularly, iron deficiency is the leading cause of anemia in the present study. In addition to nutritional deficiency, socioeconomic factors like, gender, maternal education and SE class also play an important role in development of anemia.