Academic literature on the topic 'Iron Age; South Africa'
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Journal articles on the topic "Iron Age; South Africa"
Huffman, Tom, and J. O. Vogel. "Great Zimbabwe: The Iron Age in South Central Africa." South African Archaeological Bulletin 51, no. 164 (December 1996): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3888852.
Full textHuffman, Thomas N., Gavin Whitelaw, John A. Tarduno, Michael K. Watkeys, and Stephan Woodborne. "The Rhino Early Iron Age site, Thabazimbi, South Africa." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 55, no. 3 (July 2, 2020): 360–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2020.1792196.
Full textBradfield, Justin, and Annie R. Antonites. "Bone hoes from the Middle Iron Age, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Quaternary International 472 (April 2018): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.10.028.
Full textEvers, T. M., and N. J. Van Der Merwe. "Iron Age Ceramics from Phalaborwa North Eastern Transvaal Lowveld, South Africa." South African Archaeological Bulletin 42, no. 146 (December 1987): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3888735.
Full textle Roux, Andreas, and Shaw Badenhorst. "Iron Age fauna from Sibudu Cave in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 51, no. 3 (July 2, 2016): 307–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2016.1213576.
Full textHuffman, Thomas N. "Intensive El Niño and the Iron Age of South-eastern Africa." Journal of Archaeological Science 37, no. 10 (October 2010): 2572–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2010.05.017.
Full textHuffman, T. N., and S. Woodborne. "Cultural proxies for drought in the Iron Age of South-eastern Africa." Quaternary International 404 (June 2016): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.08.148.
Full textMaggs, Tim. "Three Decades of Iron Age Research in South Africa: Some Personal Reflections." South African Archaeological Bulletin 48, no. 158 (December 1993): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3888944.
Full textMorris, Alan. "A McMaster retrospective: how publishing in a student journal shaped my career." NEXUS: The Canadian Student Journal of Anthropology 22 (November 11, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15173/nexus.v22i1.898.
Full textZink, Antoine J. C., George J. Susino, Elisa Porto, and Thomas N. Huffman. "Direct OSL dating of Iron Age pottery from South Africa – Preliminary dosimetry investigations." Quaternary Geochronology 8 (April 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2011.11.008.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Iron Age; South Africa"
Karating, Robin-lea. "Exhumations, reburials and history making in post-apartheid South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6651.
Full textThis mini-thesis, ‘Exhumation, Reburial and History Making in South Africa’, is concerned with an analysis of the practices of exhumation and reburial through discussing the case studies of the Iron-Age archaeological site of Mapungubwe, the Vergelegen Wine Estate in Somerset West and the reburials carried out by the Missing Persons Task Team (MPPT) from the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA), particularly its unsuccessful attempt at exhumations at the Stikland Cemetery, in an attempt to understand how they form part of the production of history. These case studies conceive of the times of the precolonial, slavery and apartheid, and are all linked temporally to an envisaged future through ideas of nation building and nationalism. As narratives produced through these exhumations and reburials, they contribute to the notion of making the post-apartheid by remaking history and reconstituting nation. Each of these case studies are significant as they in some way have been utilized in a manner that is relevant to us in the new democratic South Africa. This mini-thesis aims at rethinking the role of archaeologists, the exhumation and reburial processes, the construction of ethnicity, how the dead are used to construct narratives of struggle against apartheid and in general the implications each of these have on the re-making of history. It also thinks about what the practices of exhumation and reburial mean conceptually and how they relate to the concept of missingness, which I refer to as the process of making absence or invisibility. Thinking about exhumations and reburial in this way has allowed reflection on the purpose of the practices, in terms of who it’s for and how it’s perceived by the stakeholders involved in each case. Through dissecting each of these issues one may be able to trace how the remains to be reburied become missing. Therefore, the question of exhumation and reburial is essential in thinking about what it does for the human remains and how their identity is either shaped or lost. This thesis mainly argues that the remains in each of the case studies go through various phases of missingness and that their reburials and memorialization, or in the case of Stikland the spiritual repatriation, inscribes them further into narratives of the times that they emerged from.
Fumiko, Ohinata. "Archaeology of iron-using farming communities in Swaziland : pots, people and life during the first and second millennia AD." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391069.
Full textAntonites, Alexander. "The salt of Baleni : an archaeological investigation into the organization of production during the early iron age of South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312006-123257/.
Full textMathoho, Ndivhuho Eric. "Archaeology and archaeometallurgy in Limpopo province of South Africa: case studies of early iron age sites of Mutoti and Thomo." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33794.
Full textBandama, Foreman. "The archaeology and technology of metal production in the Late Iron Age of the Southern Waterberg, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10000.
Full textThe inception of metallurgy in southern Africa was relatively late, compared to other regions in Africa, and as a result, this part of the sub-continent was mistakenly thought to have been less innovative during the Iron Age. On the contrary, dedicated materials analyses are showing that starting from the terminal first millennium AD, southern Africa is replete with innovations that include the growth of state systems, specialised long-distance trading, the re-melting of glass beads, the working of ivory, and the weaving of cotton using ceramic spindle whorls. Additionally, the appearance of gold and tin production, against a background of on-going iron and copper metallurgy, has been interpreted by some as intimating innovation in metal technology. While some research energy has been invested into these novelties, there has only been incidental concern with the innovation in tin and bronze production. This study investigates the context of this novelty in the metallurgy of the Southern Waterberg, an area that hosts one of the unequivocal cases of pre-colonial tin mining in southern Africa. Recent trace element studies have indicated that bronzes from several elite sites in the region, were produced using tin that was sourced from the Southern Waterberg. The current chronology from the Southern Waterberg does not capture the full tin sequence that is implicated by the trace-element analyses of tin and bronze from dated contexts elsewhere and falls short by at two centuries. To bridge this gap, the present study sought, to explore the visibility of tin production in the Southern Waterberg at sites that are contemporary with the appearance of tin and bronze in southern Africa, and to investigate how this innovation was integrated into on-going iron and copper production. Rigorous methodological and theoretical approaches that include ethno-historical, archaeological and archaeometallurgical studies were employed in order to glean relevant information required to address these issues. Ceramic typological and settlement pattern studies were used to establish the culture-historical context, while Optical Microscopy, X-ray Fluorescence Analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy of metallurgical remains were used to identify the metals and techniques that were employed. Ceramic technological studies were used to establish relationships between the metallurgy and the ceramic typological identities. The results suggest that the Southern Waterberg may have participated in the innovation of tin production in southern Africa. More research may strengthen this observation but it is entirely appropriate, in view of several metallurgical and non-metallurgical innovations that were on-going in societies throughout the region at large. Researchers now need to engage more with innovations and actively explore the various novelties that southern Africa exhibited during the Iron Age.
Pretorius, Antoinette E. "‘To eke out the vocabulary of old age’ : literary representations of ageing in transitional and post-transitional South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45906.
Full textThesis (DLitt)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
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Tshitaudzi, Gilbert Tshimangadzo. "Nutritional status of pregnant women (under 20 years of age) with special emphasis on iron and folic acid status." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53529.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Pregnancy and growth have been found to have a detrimental effect on the micronutrient status of adolescent girls. Dietary studies in adolescents have shown serious shortfalls in their dietary iron and folate intake. The competition for nutrients between the fetus and a pregnant adolescent may carry the risk of complications such as intrauterine growth retardation, pre-eclampsia, both maternal and fetal intrapartum mortality, the increased risk of birth injuries and low birth weight. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status of rural black, pregnant teenagers attending the antenatal clinic at Siloam Hospital in the Limpopo Province, with special emphasis on iron and folic acid intake, and evaluation of the newborn babies in terms of weight status and neural tube defects. The nutritional status was determined in 40 pregnant and 40 non-pregnant adolescent girls. The pregnant girls were selected during their first visit to the antenatal clinic, and the non-pregnant girls were selected from nearby schools. The demographic and dietary history questionnaires were used to collect information from the subjects. The dietary intake of the subjects was collected by the completion of a pre-tested quantified food frequency questionnaire. The anthropometric questionnaire was used to get information from the pregnant adolescents and the control group. The infant anthropometric measurements questionnaire provided information on the infant and the outcome of birth. Blood was collected from the pregnant adolescent girls and the control subjects. Anaemia was observed in 57.5% of the pregnant and 27.5% of the non-pregnant adolescents (haemoglobin
Gilbert, Cheryl Lee. "Diet and subsistence patterns in the later iron age of South Africa : an analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and the incidence of dental caries." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21403.
Full textCurrent archaeological perspectives on the change in Later Iron Age diet and subsistence patterns and the subsequent affect on the economy, are re-examined using isotopic and caries analyses. Existing perspectives have focused mainly on material archaeological evidence and are not reflective of diet at the individual level. Consequently, the focus of archaeological research has been biased towards the importance of cattle in subsistence patterns and the economy, and the role of agriculture has not been as thoroughly investigated. In order to address this problem the isotopic signatures of 72skeletal remains, and the pattern of carious lesions of 44 of those individuals, were examined. The samples were drawn from different ethnic groups and geographical/climatic regions. Skeletons were analysed for both ᵟ¹³C and ᵟ¹⁵ N values in order to better reflect both the level of cultigen consumption and the relative importance of animal protein in the diet. The results were initially examined at an individual level, within the biomes from which they were drawn, to determine subsistence type. The diets of persons and ethnic groups was then compared to archaeological and ethnographical research. Combination of results demonstrates a trend towards more enriched ᵟ¹³C values over time. Although there were differences between individuals diets, there is an overall increasing consumption (and therefore reliance) on domesticated grains, whilst the consumptive levels of animal protein remain relatively constant over the last 1000 years. Consequently, the context of previously undated skeletal material was founded on the trend towards increasing ᵟ¹³C values during the second millennium. The creation of a set of criteria based on pattern, type and extent on carious lesions, has provided a further means of assessing the carbohydrate intake level of individuals. An increase in both ᵟ¹³C values and the incidence of caries during the 18th century, may reflect the introduction of maize in the interior of South Africa, via Delagoa Bay. It is suggested that population growth and increased demand resulted in maize replacing indigenous African cultigens to become a staple food source after this period. In conclusion it is postulated that further re-examination of the current outlook should be undertaken as it is clear from this study that the Later Iron Age is heterogenous with comparable but distinct dietary levels.
Machemedze, Takwanisa. "Old age mortality in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8980.
Full textThis study estimates the mortality of the South African oldest old age population (in five year age groups from age 75 up to the open age interval 100 and above) and in the process re-estimates the numbers of people in the population at these ages at the time of the 1996 and 2001 censuses, and the 2007 Community Survey. In countries where the data on the old age population have been verified, it has been observed that the data are marred by errors in the form of age exaggeration, age digit preference, relative under/over count of the population and under-registration of deaths. These errors have been observed to have the net effect of underestimating mortality of the oldest old age groups. The current research applies the method of extinct generations to estimate indirectly the population numbers at the oldest old age groups (75 up to 100 and above) using data on reported deaths alone. Age heaping and year of birth preference in the reported deaths are assessed using ratios of the probability of death estimated from the data. Age exaggeration in the data on reported deaths is assessed using ratios of deaths compared with same ratios from a standard population. Age heaping and year of birth preference in the census/survey population is assessed using the modified Whipple's Index of age accuracy. The Generalized Growth Balance (GGB) and Synthetic Extinct Generations (SEG+delta) methods are applied to adjust for under reporting of deaths and to assess patterns of age exaggeration in the census/survey population. The difference between the estimates of the completeness of reporting of deaths from the two methods is small (less than 1 per cent) and has been observed to have little impact on the mortality estimates. Final estimates of the completeness of reporting of deaths used are those derived using the SEG+delta method. After re-estimating the population numbers and adjusting for completeness of reporting of deaths, mortality rates were then estimated. Results obtained from the method of extinct generations suggest that there is no systematic difference between the census/ survey population and the population numbers estimated from deaths except at ages 95 and above. Measures of age accuracy show that there are patterns of preferring 1910, 1914, 1918, 1920 and 1930 as the years of birth in the census/survey population and these patterns are also found in the registered deaths. The impact of these errors was investigated and the results show that preference of certain years of birth cause fluctuations in the mortality rates. Patterns observed after applying the SEG+delta method suggest that the completeness of reporting of deaths falls with age at the advanced ages (from age 90 and above) and as a result, the estimated mortality rates above this age are lower than those estimated from the United Nations Population Division (UNPD) and US Census Bureau (USCB) population projections, and Dorrington, Moultrie and Timaeus (2004). Conclusions reached are that the mortality rates for the age groups 75 to 89 derived after re-estimating the population numbers and after allowing for the fall in the completeness of reporting of deaths are lower but not significantly different from those inferred from the UNPD and USCB population projections, and estimates derived by Dorrington, Moultrie and Timaeus (2004). The research recommends mortality estimates from the UNPD since they are the closest to the estimates derived using the published census population numbers for the whole period between the nights of 9-10 October 1996 and 9-10 October 2001. However, the research produced better estimates of the oldest old age population numbers relative to the census/survey numbers.
Walker, Ellen Jeanine. "Iron age decorative metalwork in southern Africa: an archival study." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20643.
Full textBooks on the topic "Iron Age; South Africa"
Great Zimbabwe: The Iron Age in South Central Africa. New York: Garland, 1994.
Find full textCoetzee, J. M. Age of iron. New York: Vintage Books, 1992.
Find full textCoetzee, J. M. Age of Iron. New York: Random House, 1990.
Find full textCoetzee, J. M. Age of Iron. London: Secker & Warburg, 1990.
Find full textCoetzee, J. M. Age of Iron. New York: Random House, 1990.
Find full textCoetzee, J. M. Age of Iron. New York: Random House, 1990.
Find full textCoetzee, J. M. Age of iron. London: Penguin Books, 1991.
Find full textA history of the African people of South Africa: From the early Iron Age to the 1970s. London: Croom Helm, 1986.
Find full textMaylam, Paul. A history of the African people of South Africa: From the early Iron Age to 1970's. London: Croom Helm, 1986.
Find full textA history of the African people of South Africa: From the early Iron Age to the 1970s. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Iron Age; South Africa"
Robertson, John H. "South African Early Iron Age in Zambia." In Encyclopedia of Prehistory Volume 1: Africa, 260–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1193-9_20.
Full textSinopoli, Carla. "South Indian Iron Age." In Encyclopedia of Prehistory, 361–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0023-0_35.
Full textDavenport, T. R. H. "The Age of the Social Engineers, 1948–60." In South Africa, 327–45. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21422-8_14.
Full textDeCorse, Christopher, and Sam Spiers. "West African Iron Age." In Encyclopedia of Prehistory Volume 1: Africa, 313–18. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1193-9_26.
Full textWotzka, Hans-Peter. "Central African Iron Age." In Encyclopedia of Prehistory Volume 1: Africa, 59–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1193-9_4.
Full textBirmingham, David. "Colonisers and the African Iron Age." In Portugal and Africa, 12–24. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27490-1_2.
Full textRajan, K. "Situating Iron Age Monuments in South India." In A Companion to South Asia in the Past, 310–18. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119055280.ch19.
Full textShillington, Kevin. "The Early Iron Age in central, eastern and southern Africa." In History of Africa, 67–77. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52481-2_5.
Full textShillington, Kevin. "The Early Iron Age in central, eastern and southern Africa." In History of Africa, 57–68. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-00333-1_5.
Full textJoshi, P. S. "Early Iron Age Megalith Builders of Vidarbha." In A Companion to South Asia in the Past, 295–309. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119055280.ch18.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Iron Age; South Africa"
"Enhanced Biogas Production from Winery Solid Waste through Application of Iron oxide Nanoparticles." In Nov. 18-19, 2019 Johannesburg (South Africa). Eminent Association of Pioneers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eares8.eap1119303.
Full textWatkeys, Michael, John A. Tarduno, Thomas Huffman, Rory D. Cottrell, Julia Voronov, and Levi Neukirch. "Geomagnetic Field Strength Recorded in Iron Age Ceramics from Southern Africa." In 11th SAGA Biennial Technical Meeting and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.241.watkeys_paper.
Full textChristopher Tshilongamulenzhe, Maelekanyo. "Enunciating the skills development challenge facing South Africa." In Annual International Conference on Human Resource Management and Professional Development in the Digital Age. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2349_hrmpd41.
Full textBorodovskiy, Andrew. "THE BURIED TREASURES OF THE EARLY IRON AGE OF SOUTH SIBERIA." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s9.052.
Full textAngulu, Raphael, Jules-Raymond Tapamo, and Aderemi O. Adewumi. "Frontal face landmark displacement across age." In 2017 Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa and Robotics and Mechatronics (PRASA-RobMech). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robomech.2017.8261119.
Full textSoroceanu, Tudor, and Eugen Sava. "Metal and ceramic vessels of the Middle and Late bronze age — Early Iron age in Eurasia:possible interrelations." In Antiquities of East Europe, South Asia and South Siberia in the context of connections and interactions within the Eurasian cultural space (new data and concepts). Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-35-9-200-201.
Full textVasil‘yeva, Ekaterina, and Sergey Khavrin. "Zoomorphic objects of the Middle bronze age and Early Iron age from the Central Caucasus: metal and chronology." In Antiquities of East Europe, South Asia and South Siberia in the context of connections and interactions within the Eurasian cultural space (new data and concepts). Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-35-9-165-168.
Full textLhuillier, Johanna, Shapulat Shajdullaev, Julio Bendezu Sarmiento, Odiljon Khamidov, and Julie Bessenay. "New insights on the Early Iron age in bactria: the Kayrit Oasis." In Antiquities of East Europe, South Asia and South Siberia in the context of connections and interactions within the Eurasian cultural space (new data and concepts). Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-34-2-96-97.
Full textSunday Ewemooje, Olusegun, Elizabeth Biney, and Acheampong Yaw Amoateng. "Determinants of Sexual Risk Behaviour Among Men and Women of Reproductive Age in South Africa." In 2nd International Conference on Modern Research in Social Sciences. Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icmrss.2019.09.609.
Full textKumar, Akshay. "New Age Model of Smart Grid Transformation and Opportunity for Energy Challenges in South Africa." In 2020 7th International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsss49621.2020.9202332.
Full textReports on the topic "Iron Age; South Africa"
Duflo, Esther. Grandmothers and Granddaughters: Old Age Pension and Intra-household Allocation in South Africa. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8061.
Full textCachalia, Firoz, and Jonathan Klaaren. Digitalisation, the ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution’ and the Constitutional Law of Privacy in South Africa: Towards a public law perspective on constitutional privacy in the era of digitalisation. Digital Pathways at Oxford, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2021/04.
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