Journal articles on the topic 'Irish mushroom production industry'
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1
Muhammad, Farhana, Isfi Sholihah, Agus Riswanto, and Widiawati Prima Wardani. "Peran Home Industry Jamur Tiram Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Para Pengusaha Jamur Tiram Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19." JPEK (Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Kewirausahaan) 5, no. 2 (December 26, 2021): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/jpek.v5i2.4660.
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This research aims to; 1) Knowing the production process of the oyster mushroom home industry in increasing the income of entrepreneurs during the covid-19 pandemic, 2) Knowing marketing strategies in increasing the income of entrepreneurs during the covid-19 pandemic, 3) Knowing the home industry's obstacles in increasing the income of the entrepreneurs. entrepreneurs during the covid 19 pandemic, 4) Knowing the role of the oyster mushroom home industry in increasing the income of oyster mushroom entrepreneurs in the village of Beririjarak, Wanasaba sub-district in 2021. This research is a type of qualitative research using a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Interviews were conducted directly to all respondents with a total of 9 oyster mushroom entrepreneurs. Based on the results of this study, the role of entrepreneurs in the production process starts from the mixing of raw materials and even marketing. And also the oyster mushroom industry plays an important role in improving the economy of oyster mushroom entrepreneurs meeting their daily needs. Because the increase in income between before and after this business reached 57%. However, the income of these oyster mushroom home industry entrepreneurs has had an impact due to the COVID-19 pandemic so that their income has decreased to 27%
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Norliana Munir, Tan Chun Xiang, Prakash Bhuyar, and Aizi Nor Mazila Ramli. "Effective microbes (EM) and their potential on mushroom commercialization in Malaysia." Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication 3, no. 3 (December 10, 2021): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v3i3.246955.
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The mushroom cultivation industry in Malaysia is one of the fastest growing agricultural sectors due to its high return value and low production cost. With the Malaysian government forecasting an RM300 million worth of mushroom exporting by 2020, demand for high-quality mushrooms would rise. Commercially grown mushrooms in Malaysia include Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus djamor, Pleurotus eryngii, and Schizophyllum commune. The mushroom cultivating technique is critical to achieving large yields. More mushrooms can be harvested in less time by employing Effective Microbes (EM) as a yield performance booster. However, EM is not yet commercially accessible, despite the fact that numerous potential EM exist, including dominant bacteria from mushroom production, bacteria bioinoculant, and anti-listerial agent. Furthermore, the EM activator found inside the substrate represents another yet-to-be-commercialized yield performance booster. Several possible EM activators, including as dairy wastewater, rice husk biochar, and tea compost, can be transformed from industrial waste with a steady increase in industrial waste. This paper reviewed the potential of EM in the mushroom cultivation industry. Additionally, the potential EM activator and how it enhances the mushroom yield performance is as well summarized.
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Akbar, Ronald. "Perancangan Boiler untuk Proses Sterilisasi pada Baglog Jamur Tiram." Jurnal Teknik Mesin ITI 3, no. 1 (February 26, 2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31543/jtm.v3i1.245.
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The production process is the core of an industry that certainly relies on a variety of equipment to help the process run. Oyster mushroom baglog industry is one of the agricultural industries that needs to be developed in its production equipment because of its good market prospects and high economic potential with a clear market segment. But there is a problem that often faced by the baglog farmers, the problem is the sterilization process from baglog itself is not good, so the quality of the oyster mushroom will decrease or worse is the crop failure. Therefore an appropriate boiler is needed that it can increase the yield and quality of a baglog oyster mushroom industry. Boilers that are designed will follow the existing standards, which are in accordance with the ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) standards and coupled with simulations in the form of adding loads to the boiler model using Pro Engineer Wildfire 4.0 software.
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Cardoso, Rossana V. C., Ângela Fernandes, João C. M. Barreira, Rui M. V. Abreu, Filipa Mandim, Ana M. Gonzaléz-Paramás, Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira, and Lillian Barros. "A Case Study on Surplus Mushrooms Production: Extraction and Recovery of Vitamin D2." Agriculture 11, no. 7 (June 24, 2021): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11070579.
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The presented case study illustrates the possibility of adding value to the biological surplus remaining from the mushroom cultivation industry. In essence, the unused mushroom parts were submitted to UV-C irradiation, with the purpose of increasing the vitamin D2 content and validating its extraction. Vitamin D2 concentration in three different mushroom species (Agaricus bisporus, A. bisporus Portobello, and Pleurotus ostreatus) was obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), by means of an ultraviolet (UV) detector. The method was validated using an A. bisporus Portobello sample, and its reproducibility and accuracy were confirmed. Independently of the UV-C irradiation dose, the effect on vitamin D2 concentration was significant, allowing it to increase from less than 4 µg/g dry weight (dw) to more than 100 µg/g dw in all mushroom species. These results are good indicators of the feasibility of industrial surplus mushrooms as sustainable vitamin D2 food sources, besides contributing to strengthen the circularity principals associated to the mushroom production chain.
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Horváth, Gábor. "A gombatermesztés szerepe az átalakuló magyar mezőgazdaságban." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (March 27, 2002): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/3514.
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The structure of Hungarian agriculture should be changed before the EU accession. The new structure should fulfill EU requirements and also produce competitive products. Unconventional products (mushroom, fish, honey etc.) have a lot of advantages: they can be produced on small farms, their trade is mainly free of regulation and their markets are almost unlimited. This paper deals with one of these alternative agricultural enterprises, namely mushroom production. Hungarian mushroom production – in spite of difficulties – has witnessed remarkable expansion: it has increased its production by fourfold and its export by fivefold in less than ten years. The low level of wages gives Hungary significant advantage over its competitors. If we could ensure the appropriate infrastructure (technical advice, bank loans, etc.) the mushroom industry would become one of the most profitable sectors of Hungarian agriculture.
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Moxley, Alexandria, Roland Ebel, Cathy L. Cripps, Caroline Graham Austin, Mary Stein, and Meaghan Winder. "Barriers and Opportunities: Specialty Cultivated Mushroom Production in the United States." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (October 3, 2022): 12591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912591.
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Producing and consuming specialty cultivated mushrooms (SCMs), cultivated mushrooms outside of the Agaricus genus, has the potential to positively impact sustainable food systems. Few studies have examined consumer perceptions of SCMs and industry-wide trends of SCM production in the United States (US), despite the USD 66.1 million in SCM sales in the US during 2020. This study looked at the barriers to and opportunities for cultivating, marketing, and consuming SCMs in the US by conducting a producer survey with SCM facilities in the US (n = 63). Survey results found diversification across products and practices within the SCM industry and on an individual business level. The most common place SCM growers sold their products was farmers’ markets (n = 63). The majority (53%) of growers (n = 60) used diverse (four or more) approaches to advertise their products. The majority of SCM growers (57%) indicated they had participated in a community outreach event in the past five years to help promote their SCM products (n = 63). Findings indicate there are opportunities for greater SCM business owner diversity. Our results indicate that production of SCMs may support economic, environmentally, and socio-culturally sustainable food systems and that there is further room for increased sustainability across the industry.
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Fazaeli, H., and A. R. Talebian Masoodi. "Nutritive value of Agaricus bisporus mushroom spent wheat straw as ruminant feed." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2002 (2002): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200008097.
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Since last decades, much interest has been evidenced for bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials such as production of edible mushroom. In Iran, the mushroom industry has been expanded during the last 20 years and currently more than 50000 tons of mushroom compost is produced annually by aerobic fermentation system. The compost remained after cropping of mushroom constitutes a potential pollutant and its disposal increases the production cost. This waste material is usually rich of microorganisms and extra cellular enzymes (Ball and Jacksa, 1995) and contains a high level of nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus and trace elements and more degradable than the original straw in the rumen (Zadrazil, 1997). However, there are limited information regarding the nutritive value and utilisation of the mushroom spent straw in animal nutrition. This experiment was conducted to study the nutritive value and acceptability of the Agaricus bisporus mushroom spent wheat straw, obtained from bag system mushroom growing in sheep nutrition.
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Gold, Michael A., Mihaela M. Cernusca, and Larry D. Godsey. "A Competitive Market Analysis of the United States Shiitake Mushroom Marketplace." HortTechnology 18, no. 3 (January 2008): 489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.18.3.489.
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Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes) have many nutritional and medicinal benefits. The cultivation of log-grown shiitake mushrooms encourages forest farming and can be an opportunity for farmers interested in developing an additional enterprise. In 2006, the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry conducted a nationwide survey of shiitake mushroom producers to analyze the U.S. shiitake mushroom industry by taking into consideration the forces that influence competition based on Porter's five forces model. Shiitake mushrooms are grown primarily as a side business, especially those produced exclusively outdoors. Indoor production on sawdust generates higher income than outdoor production on logs, but log production is more suitable for a small-scale operation in an agroforestry setting. Barriers to entry are created by relationships in the market, economies of scale, and the learning curve effect. Although there are a limited number of spawn suppliers in the market, they produce quality inoculum and maintain good relationships with shiitake mushroom producers. The majority of respondents sell their shiitake mushrooms locally. Gourmet restaurants, farmers markets, and on-farm outlets are the main markets for shiitake mushrooms. Trends in demand are increasing and prices are high. Shiitake mushrooms can be replaced with other common or gourmet mushroom types, but also have their own identity for numerous nutritional and medicinal properties. Competition for log-grown shiitake mushrooms arises from shiitake mushrooms produced on sawdust and from imports. To successfully survive in the market, firms create competitive advantages through quality, customer service, and consistent supply. Barriers to success in the shiitake mushroom business include demanding work requirements, the need for a serious commitment to produce and market shiitake mushrooms, a 1-year time lag between investment and a return on investment, and insufficient production and marketing information. Grower associations, universities, and state and federal agencies must join their efforts to fund and support shiitake mushroom research and industry development.
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Utami, Herti. "The TEKNOLOGI OLAHAN MAKANAN BERBASIS JAMUR DALAM RANGKA MENGEMBANGKAN HOME INDUSTRY AGROBISNIS DI DESA LINGSUH, KECAMATAN RAJA BASA, BANDAR LAMPUNG." Sakai Sambayan Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 3, no. 1 (March 19, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jss.v3i1.106.
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Mushroom cultivation especially a kind of paddy straw mushroom and oyster mushroom done by the farmers in Lingsuh, Raja Basa, Bandar Lampung. In post harvest handling of crops one of obstacles is fast rot the mushrooms if the production were abundant. This activity Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) provide an alternative handling after harvest mushrooms to be a processed products mushroom economy value higher and acceptable consumers, if comparared by selling fresh mushrooms. By processing mushrooms to be food products will provide alternatives to consumer of a new mushrooms based product. This product have a long storage time and open opportunities to develop home industry agribusiness based in this process mushrooms.
A common purpose of PKM is empower potentials by farmers groups mushrooms in Lingsuh. Food products that would be produced are crackers and crispy mushrooms. The method of PKM activity involved the partners (the farmers) in the overall of activities. The outer of this main activity are crackers and crispy mushrooms, crisp and tasteful with various variant of this products. From this activity, giving production equipment would be very helpful for both of the groups farmer in doing production process. In this activity was expected to increase the income economically through food products based mushrooms.
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Kearney, Daithí, and Adèle Commins. "Studio Trad: Facilitating traditional music experiences for music production students." Journal of Music, Technology & Education 11, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 301–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jmte.11.3.301_1.
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Many music production programmes in higher education institutions are heavily invested in popular music genres and production values in contrast to the diversity of musics often included in other music programmes and encountered in everyday life. Commenting on his 2017 album, Ed Sheeran highlights the potential for incorporating Irish traditional music into popular music. Over the past number of years, creative practice research projects at Dundalk Institute of Technology have provided opportunities for music production students to engage in the recording and production of Irish traditional music, broadening their experience beyond popular music genres and facilitating time for them to work collaboratively with Irish traditional musicians. Thus, an authentic and action-oriented mode of engagement in higher education is utilized to enhance the learning experience continuously aware of changes and attitudes in the music industry. This article focuses on three Summer Undergraduate Research Projects that provided students with the opportunity to research and record Irish traditional music during the summer months. The project not only provided the students with credible industry-like experience, it also provided the staff involved with an insight into the potential of collaborative project work to address multiple learning aims and objectives. In this article, a critical review of the projects is informed by feedback from the students involved, which can inform future development and structures of existing programmes in music production education.
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Shiekh Mahmud, Siti Hamidah Radiyah, Suat Hian Tan, Wan Nurul Hidayah Wan Anuar, and Nyuk Ling Ma. "Preliminary Study of <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i> (Jacq.) P. Kumm. Spent Mushroom Compost as Nutrient Supplement on the Shoot Induction of Fig Tissue Culture." Materials Science Forum 1069 (August 31, 2022): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-k6x4uw.
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Spent mushroom compost is identified as waste substrate. As the mushroom agriculture industry is growing rapidly, the production also increases and contributes to large amounts of spent mushroom compost annually. The conversion of spent mushroom compost as waste to wealth is a great concept that can give value to agricultural industry and solid waste management of mushroom cultivation. The use of SMC as nurient supplement may reduce the production cost for in vitro culture of fig plant. This research is to study the use of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. spent mushroom compost (SMC) as a nutrient supplement of the media in shoot induction of fig plant. Nodal segment of fig’s stem was cultured in MS media supplemented with different concentrations of SMC. With presence of SMC, 10% SMC have the highest shoot proliferation (2.167 ± 1.169) and length of shoot (0.154 ± 0.060 cm). The study revealed that in presence of 10% of SMC could produce new shoots at a frequency which was comparable to the control (p<0.05; n=3; Tukey’s multiple range test). Among the different media combinations of plant growth regulators with SMC, 15 μM Kinetin with 10% SMC is the most effective treatment which gave maximum number of shoot proliferation (3.00 ± 1.27). 30 μM IAA with 10% SMC media have the highest leaves regenerated which were 1.33 ± 0.84. In conclusion, the SMC added in media for plant tissue culture had positive effect on shoot induction thus highlighted the potential of waste substrate of SMC to act as nutrient supplement for plant tissue culture.
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Díaz, R., and G. Díaz-Godínez. "Substrates for mushroom, enzyme and metabolites production: A review." Journal of Environmental Biology 43, no. 03 (May 2, 2022): 350–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/43/3/mrn-3017.
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The agri-food industry produces a large quantity and variety of foods that are the basis of diet for humans in the world, generating waste with a high content of compounds such as lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose that are difficult to degrade. There are chemical methodologies for the partial degradation of agro-industrial waste, but it carries a possibly greater risk of environmental contamination by the chemicals used for such purposes, so natural alternatives are sought for its degradation and obtain an economic and sustainable benefit for its use through mushroom cultivation. Mushroom production can be carried out using macrofungi that are edible, have medicine value also enzyme or metabolite-producing. Waste such as sunflower seed husk, peanut husk, corn husks, potato husk, coffee husk, cocoa husk, bean shell, pea shell, sawdust from different woods, cob and stubble of corn, oat stubble, tomato stubble, sorghum stubble, straw from various cereals, wheat bran, rice bran, cotton stalks, sugarcane bagasse, tequila agave waste, quinoa waste, coconut and banana wastes, dehydrated jicama, almond leaves, among others, are used as a substrate for the cultivation of mushrooms, which have been used alone or in mixtures, seeking to increase the production of carpophores or their metabolites and enzymes.
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Hlerema, Igenicious N., Bahlebi K. Eiasu, and Susan H. Koch. "Pineapple (Ananas comusus) Plant Material as Supplement for Maize Residue-based Oyster Mushroom Substrate and Reduction of Cadmium Soil Contamination." HortScience 52, no. 4 (April 2017): 667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci10880-16.
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Pineapple (Ananas comusus) production generates hard currency and, as a labor-intensive industry, it creates jobs. The profitability of pineapple farming in South Africa faces several challenges, including low yield potential and cadmium (Cd) contamination of soils, which damaged the reputation of the industry. To increase the income of pineapple farmers, research was conducted to evaluate the utilization of pineapple crop residue for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) production and to establish the Cd levels in the mushrooms produced on Cd-contaminated pineapple crop residue. Treatments were maize residue (M), pineapple residue (P), and a mixture of maize and pineapple residues [at 1:1 ratio (on a dry weight basis), M + P]. Biological efficiencies of 90%, 77.6%, and 29% were recorded for the M + P, P, and M treatments, respectively. The P and M + P substrates significantly increased mushroom yield. Mushroom protein contents were 23.3%, 18.86%, and 18.81% (on a dry weight basis) in the M + P, P, and M treatments, respectively. Mushrooms in the P substrate had the highest Cd level (3.3 mg/kg). In the M + P substrate, Cd reduced to a safe level (0.15 mg/kg). This indicates that mushrooms have biosorption capacity, and could be used to solve the problem of Cd pollution and increase the income of pineapple production.
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DZINGIRAYI, GARIKAYI, and LISE KORSTEN. "Assessment of Primary Production of Horticultural Safety Management Systems of Mushroom Farms in South Africa." Journal of Food Protection 79, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 1188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-356.
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ABSTRACT Growing global consumer concern over food safety in the fresh produce industry requires producers to implement necessary quality assurance systems. Varying effectiveness has been noted in how countries and food companies interpret and implement food safety standards. A diagnostic instrument (DI) for global fresh produce industries was developed to measure the compliancy of companies with implemented food safety standards. The DI is made up of indicators and descriptive grids for context factors and control and assurance activities to measure food safety output. The instrument can be used in primary production to assess food safety performance. This study applied the DI to measure food safety standard compliancy of mushroom farming in South Africa. Ten farms representing almost half of the industry farms and more than 80% of production were independently assessed for their horticultural safety management system (HSMS) compliance via in-depth interviews with each farm's quality assurance personnel. The data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and are represented in frequency tables. The diagnosis revealed that the mushroom farming industry had an average food safety output. The farms were implementing an average-to-advanced HSMS and operating in a medium-risk context. Insufficient performance areas in HSMSs included inadequate hazard analysis and analysis of control points, low specificity of pesticide assessment, and inadequate control of suppliers and incoming materials. Recommendations to the industry and current shortcomings are suggested for realization of an improved industry-wide food safety assurance system.
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Andriyanto, Andriyanto, Retni S. Budiarti, and Agus Subagyo. "Pengaruh Penggunaan Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) Pada Budidaya Jamur Merang (Volvariella volvaceae) Menggunakan Media Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit." Jurnal Biologi UNAND 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jbioua.7.1.59-68.2019.
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Indonesia is the biggest producer of palm oil in the world. Palm oil empty fruit bunches is the biggest waste generated by the palm oil processing industry. However, utilization of the palm oil empty bunches has been not optimal. The palm oil empty fruit bunches have potential to be developed into a medium for growing mushroom because it has a high cellulose content. However, the high content of cellulose and lignin in palm oil empty fruit bunches is difficult to decompose into organic material that need for mushroom growth. The composting processes of empty fruit bunches can be increased by using Effective Microorganism (EM4). This study aims to understanding the role of Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) on Volvariella volvaceae cultivation processes that used Empty Fruit Bunches compost. This research was conducted by composted the empty fruit bunch with different concentration of EM-4 there are 0%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Parameters observed were number of mushrooms, weight of mushrooms and C / N ratio of compost. The results showed that EM-4 had reduce C/N ratio of empty bunch palm oil compost, C/N ratio was not affected mushroom production and EM4 was affected mushroom production, the highest production reached by concentration of 15% that had not significant with concentration of 5%, 10% and 20%. At concentration of 25% mushroom production was decreased. It is probably there are several mechanisms by EM4 microorganisms containing that affected mushrooms production.
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O’Brien, B., and D. Hennessy. "Scientific appraisal of the Irish grass-based milk production system as a sustainable source of premium quality milk and dairy products." Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research 56, no. 1 (December 29, 2017): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2017-0011.
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AbstractThe Irish dairy industry is critically important to the economy and general well-being of a large section of the Irish population. Its quality, sustainability and maintenance are the key for a vibrant rural society in the future. Two important elements for the future of this industry include (a) the quality, marketing and sale of dairy products on the export market and (b) sustainability from the perspectives of people, planet and profit. This paper provides a short review of current scientific evidence in relation to a number of topics, each of which is important in maintaining and developing dairy product quality and the sustainability of the Irish dairy industry. The topics addressed in the paper are as follows: the parameters of milk composition; milk processing; hygiene quality and safety; farm management practices and the regulations that govern such practices; animal health and welfare; environmental impacts; economic implications for farm families and rural communities; and the overall future sustainability of the family-based dairy farm structure.
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Beghi, Roberto, Valentina Giovenzana, Alessio Tugnolo, Domenico Pessina, and Riccardo Guidetti. "Evaluation of energy requirements of an industrial scale plant for the cultivation of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 51, no. 2 (June 18, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2020.1000.
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The white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) industry is paying attention to innovation for a more sustainable production and it is getting sophisticated to reach high grade of energetic efficiency coupled with high quality product. For mushroom cultivation the environmental conditions must be controlled therefore in some phases the heat needs to be provided and in other ones it needs to be removed. The objective of this study was to investigate the current growing methodology used at an industrial mushroom farm site for a quantification of energy consumption. Mushroom growing parameters such as temperature and relative humidity were monitored during the production process placing sensors for a continuous data recording of these parameters in different and crucial positions throughout the entire production cycle. Heat is massively produced by the compost/mycelium system and the goal was to quantify the amount of energy needed to remove it through a cooling system and a forced air system that pulls cold air in the cultivation room and picks up the warmer and more humid air. Often, the heat produced by the cultivation room is not enough to reach the optimal growth conditions. In this case the application of an air heating system is necessary. The study was focused on evaluating the energy exchanges during a 41-day period corresponding to a growth cycle of three flushes to quantify the energy requirements of the conditioning system. A total energy of 5483 kWh/cycle was quantified for a mushroom production of 25,000 kg, corresponding to a specific energy requirement of 0.22 kWh/kg, 0.18 for cooling and 0.04 for heating. Results showed that the electric power consumption represents a crucial cost for the mushroom production, therefore an optimization of the energy requirements of the production plant is desirable and it can lead to relevant economic savings. A scenario considering a more efficient air conditioning system was proposed for a more sustainable mushroom production.
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Riain, Seán Ó. "An Offshore Silicon Valley? The Emerging Irish Software Industry." Competition & Change 2, no. 2 (June 1997): 175–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102452949700200202.
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This paper assesses the development potential of local inter-firm networks in Newly Industrializing Countries. This is done through an analysis of the role of such networks in the growth of the software industry in the Republic of Ireland. Transnational software companies located in Ireland developed extensive local supply networks. Local social networks and a local culture of innovation contributed to the growth of an indigenous software development sector. While local networks can generate significant competitive advantage for a region they are inevitably internationalized as successful firms organize globally or as the region attracts further foreign investment. Corporations utilize local networks to solve problems of cost, control and innovation management in the globalization of production and corporate organization. While fostering local networks can be an effective public policy, it is not sufficient for development. The role of the state in supporting, guiding and bargaining with local firms in these networks remains a crucial aspect of development strategy.
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Aubrey, Mei Li Lee, Clament Fui Seung Chin, Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan, Fook Yee Chye, Huei Hong Lee, and Mohd Rashid Mohd Rakib. "Conversion of Oil Palm By-Products into Value-Added Products through Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Cultivation." Horticulturae 8, no. 11 (November 6, 2022): 1040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8111040.
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The oyster mushroom (Pleurotus species) is a popular and widely cultivated edible mushroom that can be found worldwide, including in Malaysia. However, its local production is unable to fulfil the market demand, partly due to the limited availability of rubber wood sawdust (RWS) as the conventional cultivation substrate. Furthermore, the palm oil industry in Malaysia generates large volumes of organic by-products that have caused environmental concerns. Therefore, the potential utilisation of oil palm waste-based substrates in order to develop a substitute RWS for Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom production is evaluated in this study, based on their agronomic performance and nutritional properties. Empty fruit bunches (EFBs), oil palm fronds (OPFs), and oil palm trunks (OPTs) were used to formulate the substrates. The control used was 100% RWS. Generally, 100% EFB showed a better agronomic performance, and mushroom growth was 1.9 times faster compared to the control, with a comparable mushroom yield. The crude protein and beta glucan content of mushrooms grown on oil palm by-product-formulated substrates were significantly higher than those grown using the control. Additionally, the number of fruiting bodies, crude protein, and beta glucan content of the mushrooms were positively correlated with potassium in the substrate. Therefore, 100% EFB could be used as a potential substitute for RWS for the cultivation and production of P. ostreatus.
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Sarono and Eddy Irsan Siregar. "Analysis of Business Development Strategy Straw Mushroom Raw Material Empty Fruit Bunch in Lampung Province." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 9 (July 1, 2020): 4710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9365.
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In Lampung, many businesses produce mushrooms made from empty fruit bunch (EFB) palm oil, this has a positive impact on companies and communities around the company. The objective of the research is to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the EFB standard mushroom business and the analysis of its development strategy in Lampung Province. The result of the research shows that (1) the development of mushroom industry made from EFB in Lampung Province has the strength of raw material available in large quantities and easily obtained, while the weakness is mushroom is a product that is easily damaged and untreated mushroom waste; (2) the odds are that the need for food mushrooms is still high and tends to increase, while the threat is increasing production and transportation costs and uncontrolled extreme weather; and (3) the main priority strategy for the large business unit is the development of new mushroom processing business and the modernization of mushroom making technology, while for the small and beginner business unit is to encourage business development to reach economies of scale.
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Hutton-Williams, Francis. "Against Irish Modernism: Towards an Analysis of Experimental Irish Poetry." Irish University Review 46, no. 1 (May 2016): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/iur.2016.0198.
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This essay rewrites the history of Irish poetic experiment away from modernism, or at least from contemporary industry-driven senses of the term which have multiplied to the point of overuse as a catch-all category. It is divided into two parts. The first part of the essay focuses on questions of literary history, defining some of the key trends of literary production and reception in Ireland during the 1920s and 30s. By surveying the negative impact of religion and censorship on literary development within the Irish Free State (1922–1937), the essay challenges the concept of Ireland as a place of widespread modernist assertion. The second part of the essay steers the discussion towards an ‘avant-garde’ trio of Irish writers, offering an extended and detailed characterisation of their poetry. It traces the emergence of an experimental Irish poetry with a selection of examples taken from Denis Devlin's Intercessions (1937), Thomas McGreevy's Poems (1934) and Samuel Beckett's Echo's Bones and Other Precipitates (1935), showing how poetic experiments of the 1930s challenge the lyric as a versifying form after Irish independence.
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Asminar, Asminar, Ayu Alda Vera, and Asnawati Is. "STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KERIPIK JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH DI KECAMATAN RIMBO BUJANG KABUPATEN TEBO (Studi Kasus Home Industry Fiisa Group)." JAS (Jurnal Agri Sains) 4, no. 2 (December 26, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36355/jas.v4i2.420.
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ABSTRAK Jamur tiram putih merupakan salah satu jenis jamur yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 10 Desember 2018 sampai 10 Januari 2019 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor internal dan eksternal dalam mengembangkan usaha keripik jamur tiram putih serta mengetahui strategi pengembangan keripik jamur tiram putih di Desa Rimbo Mulyo Kecamatan Rimbo Bujang Kabupaten Tebo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey, yaitu pada Home Industry Keripik Jamur Tiram Putih Fiisa Group di Desa Rimbo Mulyo Kecamatan Rimbo Bujang Kabupaten Tebo. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis SWOT.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Faktor internal (kekuatan dan kelemahan) yang dimiliki oleh Home Industry Keripik Jamur Tiram Putih Fiisa Group di Desa Rimbo Mulyo Kecamatan Rimbo Bujang Kabupaten Tebo adalah kekuatan berupa sumber modal sendiri, tenaga kerja sangat mudah ditemukan dan modal awal terjangkau dan kelemahannya berupa tidak adanya investasi dari pihak lain, produksi tidak menentu, dan oembukuan dilakukan setiap tahun. Sedangkan faktor eksternal adalah peluang berupa bahan baku yang tersedia, belum adanya pesaing dari produk yang sama, keiutsertaan dalam pameran dan ancamannya berupa pesaing dari produk lain, kurangnya kegiatan promosi/iklan, kurangnya mesin/alat yang digunakan, dan image jamur tiram putih yang masih asing. Strategi pengembangan pada Home Industry Keripik Jamur Tiram Putih Fiisa Group adalah Peningkatan modal dengan cara penambahan investasi atau pinjaman dari pihak lain, memperluas daerah pemasaran, pelatihan manajemen kepada pemilik usaha yang dilakukan secara berkelanjutan agar usaha berkembang, memanfaatkan modal yang ada untuk menambah produksi untuk menguasai pasar ketika belum adanya pesaing dari produk yang sama, menciptakan varian rasa baru keripik jamur tiram putih, memperluas pangsa pasar, mempertahankan kualitas produk, meningkatkan iklan/promosi, mengadakan kerjasama dengan pedagang lain dalam hingga luar wilayah, pengoptimalan penggunaan mesin/alat teknologi.Kata Kunci : Analisis SWOT, Home Industry, Keripik Jamur Tiram Putih. ABSTRACT White oyster mushroom is a type of mushroom that is widely consumed by the public. This research was conducted on December 10, 2018 to January 10, 2019 with the aim of knowing internal and external factors in developing white oyster mushroom chips business and knowing the development strategy of white oyster mushroom chips in Rimbo Mulyo Village, Rimbo Bujang District, Tebo Regency. The research method used is a survey method, namely the Home Industry Fiisa Group White Oyster Mushroom Chips in Rimbo Mulyo Village, Rimbo Bujang District, Tebo Regency. This study uses a SWOT analysis. The results showed that the internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) possessed by the Fiisa Group's White Oyster Mushroom Chips Home Industry in Rimbo Mulyo Village, Rimbo Bujang District, Tebo Regency are strengths in the form of their own source of capital, labor is very easy to find and affordable initial capital and weaknesses are there is no investment from other parties, production is uncertain, and bookkeeping is carried out annually. While external factors are opportunities in the form of available raw materials, the absence of competitors from the same product, participation in exhibitions and threats in the form of competitors from other products, lack of promotional / advertising activities, lack of machines / tools used, and the image of white oyster mushrooms that are still foreign. The development strategy for the Fiisa Group's White Oyster Mushroom Chips Home Industry is increasing capital by increasing investment or loans from other parties, expanding the marketing area, training management for business owners that are carried out in a sustainable manner so that businesses develop, utilizing existing capital to increase production to control market when there are no competitors of the same product, creating new flavors of white oyster mushroom chips, expanding market share, maintaining product quality, increasing advertising / promotion, establishing cooperation with other traders within and outside the region, optimizing the use of technology machines / tools. Keywords: SWOT analysis, Home Industry, White Oyster Mushroom Chips
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Chen, Wen-Shing, Wen-Tien Tsai, Yu-Quan Lin, Chi-Hung Tsai, and Yao-Tsung Chang. "Production of Highly Porous Biochar Materials from Spent Mushroom Composts." Horticulturae 8, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8010046.
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The edible mushroom industry has grown significantly in recent years due to the dietary change and the demand for heathy food. However, the spent mushroom compost (SMC) will be produced in large quantities after the harvest, thus forming an agricultural waste requiring proper management other than dumping or burning. In this work, two types of SMCs with the cultivation of shiitake fungus (SF) and black fungus (BF) were converted into porous biochar products (a series of SMC-SF-BC and SMC-BF-BC) at higher pyrolysis temperatures (i.e., 400, 600 and 800 °C) based on their thermochemical characteristics, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The pore and chemical properties of the resulting products, including surface area, pore volume, average pore size, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were studied to correlate them with the most important process parameter. The results showed that the pore properties of the biochar products indicated a significant increase with the increase in the pyrolysis temperature from 400 to 600 °C. The data on the maximal Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area for the biochar products produced at 800 °C (i.e., SMC-SF-BC-800 and SMC-BF-BC-800) were found to be 312.5 and 280.9 m2/g, respectively. Based on the EDS and FTIR, plenty of oxygen-containing functional groups were found on the surface of the resulting biochar products.
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Ahenkora, Kwaku, Arthur Dissou Yarhands, and Stephen Banahene. "Agribusiness Strategy: Adding Value to the Mushroom Value Chain." International Journal of Technology and Management Research 1, no. 2 (March 12, 2020): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47127/ijtmr.v1i2.26.
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Strategy should begin with the understanding of customer needs which can be determined through perceptions of channel partners or direct research. In line with this, the study conducts a qualitative value chain audit of the mushroom industry with a view to understanding priorities. Structured and semi-structured interviews were conducted with value chain players of the 'mushroom growers and export association'. Value chain participants prioritised changing customerperceptions to improve demand, and to grow the market through penetration and the management of factors that influence the marketing mix, and the provision of quality inputs to improve production and influence the need to address the problem of access to finance and a strong association that advocates for matters of the industry. The study concludes that qualitative value chain analysis of participants' perspectives provides the means for understanding of priority activities for value creation. The study recommends further quantitative value chain analysis that measures the actual value that prioritised value chain activities could generate.
Keywords: Agribusiness; mushroom; value chain, strategy, qualitative.
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Ahlborn, Jenny, Alexander Stephan, Theresa Meckel, Garima Maheshwari, Martin Rühl, and Holger Zorn. "Upcycling of food industry side streams by basidiomycetes for production of a vegan protein source." International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture 8, S1 (December 2019): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40093-019-00317-4.
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Abstract Purpose Novel protein sources are urgently needed to meet the increasing protein demand of a continuously growing world population. This study is focused on the production of protein rich mushroom mycelia on industrial side streams. Methods Submerged propagation of mushrooms was carried out in shake flasks which contained agro-industrial side streams as the sole carbon source. The biomass obtained was analyzed for its crude protein, ash and fat content as well as for its fatty acid and amino acid profiles. Vitamin D2 production from ergosterol in the biomass was induced by UV-B irradiation and determined by HPLC–DAD. The share of fungal mycelium in the total biomass was determined by extraction and quantitation of ergosterol. Additionally, water and oil binding capacity (WBC and OBC) were evaluated. Results A screening of basidiomycetes grown on agro-industrial side streams indicated a fast growth of Pleurotus sapidus on apple pomace. After 4 days of cultivation, the biomass obtained from this mushroom–substrate combination contained 21% true protein in dry matter. In addition to proteins, the amounts of lipids (4%), ash (2%) and carbohydrates (74%) were quantitated. The dominating fatty and amino acids of Pleurotus sapidus grown on apple pomace were linoleic acid and glutamic acid/glutamine, respectively. Concentrations of up to 115 µg (g dry matter)−1 vitamin D2 were formed from ergosterol by UV-B irradiation. Ergosterol was used as a biomarker to monitor the amount of fungal content. Conclusion The nutritional value of agro-industrial side streams such as apple pomace can be upcycled by biotransformation with basidiomycetes.
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Blafková, P., A. Synytsya, and J. Čopíková. "Chitin-glucan complex from Agaricus blazei, a potential raw material for production of food additives." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 22, SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V (January 1, 2004): S231—S234. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10668-cjfs.
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Agaricus blazei, a mushroom native to Brazil, is a perspective source for food industry. This mushroom has been widely used in folk medicine due to its possible medicinal value. The most important components of fruiting bodies of A. blazei are specific β-glucans with β-(1→3), β-(1→4) andβ-(1→6) glycosidic linkages. These polysaccharides are supposed to be responsible for some healthy properties of mushrooms (anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic ones). β-Glucans are associated with chitin forming water-insoluble chitin-glucan complex. This complex was isolated from fresh and dried mushrooms (separately from caps and stems) by alkali treatment using NaOH solution at 9°C for 2 h. The structure of chitin-glucan complex was analysed by diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy. β-Glucans were also analysed by Megazyme enzymatic method based on exo-1,3-β-glucanase and β-glucosidase catalysed hydrolysis and photometric determination of the released glucose.
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R, Madhanraj, Ravikumar K, Maya MR, Ramanaiah Illuri, Venkatakrishna K, Rameshkumar K, Veeramanikandan V, Eyini M, and Balaji Paulraj. "Evaluation of anti-microbial and anti-haemolytic activity of edible basidiomycetes mushroom fungi." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1.2277.
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Mushrooms are used for a variety of biotechnological applications, particularly for the production of food, enzymes, dietary supplements, pharmaceutical compounds, feed supplements. Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi have been known for their nutritional values they can be considered as functional foods which can provide health benefits beyond the traditional nutrients. Mushroom represents a major and untapped source of potent new pharmaceutical products. A wide range of activities including antitumour, cardiovascular and antimicrobial are reported in mushrooms. In developing countries like India mushroom progress is a boon in the field of food, medicine, and in generating employment. The alternative systems of medicine utilize the curative properties of mushrooms. They are also known to possess promising antioxidative, cardiovascular, hypercholesterolemia, antimicrobial, hepato-protective and anticancer effects. The present study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial and antihaemolytic activities of various extracts of Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi. Different Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi extracts (Hot water, Acetone and Hexane) were tested for antimicrobial and antihaemolytic activities. Among these different extracts of Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi the hexane extract of Pleurotus pulmonarius showed potential antimicrobial and antihaemolytic activity. The results of this study suggest the possibility of using Basidiomycetes mushroom fungi as natural sources for the pharmaceutical industry and could act as safe and cost-effective with potential biological activities. These findings encourage studying these fungal strains further for their potential biological applications.
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Finnegan, William, Eoghan Clifford, Jamie Goggins, Niall O'Leary, Alan Dobson, Neil Rowan, Liwen Xiao, et al. "DairyWater: striving for sustainability within the dairy processing industry in the Republic of Ireland." Journal of Dairy Research 85, no. 3 (August 2018): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029918000614.
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This Review describes the objectives and methodology of the DairyWater project as it aims to aid the Irish dairy processing industry in achieving sustainability as it expands. With the abolition of European milk quotas in March 2015, the Republic of Ireland saw a surge in milk production. The DairyWater project was established in anticipation of this expansion of the Irish dairy sector in order to develop innovative solutions for the efficient management of water consumption, wastewater treatment and the resulting energy use within the country's dairy processing industry. Therefore, the project can be divided into three main thematic areas: dairy wastewater treatment technologies and microbial analysis, water re-use and rainwater harvesting and environmental assessment. In order to ensure the project remains as relevant as possible to the industry, a project advisory board containing key industry stakeholders has been established. To date, a number of large scale studies, using data obtained directly from the Irish dairy industry, have been performed. Additionally, pilot-scale wastewater treatment (intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactor) and tertiary treatment (flow-through pulsed ultraviolet system) technologies have been demonstrated within the project. Further details on selected aspects of the project are discussed in greater detail in the subsequent cluster of research communications.
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Skočaj, Matej, Andrej Gregori, Maja Grundner, Kristina Sepčić, and Mija Sežun. "Hydrolytic and oxidative enzyme production through cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus on pulp and paper industry wastes." Holzforschung 72, no. 9 (September 25, 2018): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2017-0179.
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AbstractThe growth of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on pulp and paper industry wastes was studied. Specifically, the question was investigated whether solid-state fermentation ofP. ostreatuson paper-mill deinking sludge and primary sludge substrates is appropriate for production of enzymes, relevant to the pulp and paper industry. Following fermentation, extracellular protein was extracted and the specific activities of four enzymes were determined, namely, the cellulase, xylanase, lipase and peroxidase. Furthermore, the effects of the pH of the extraction buffer on these enzyme activities were determined, along with the effects of the incubation time. The data show thatP. ostreatuscan grow on solid wastes from the pulp and paper industry, which could help to minimize the waste volume and to decrease the ecological impact. Furthermore, the solid wastes in focus are good substrates for the production of commercially interesting enzymes.
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Wu, Yanqiang, Yongbo Sun, Shuoqin Zhang, Xia Liu, Kai Zhou, and Jialin Hou. "A Size-Grading Method of Antler Mushrooms Using YOLOv5 and PSPNet." Agronomy 12, no. 11 (October 23, 2022): 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112601.
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Quality grading in antler mushroom industrial production is a labor-intensive operation. For a long time, manual grading has been used for grading, which produces various problems such as insufficient reliability, low production efficiency, and high mushroom body damage. Automatic grading is a problem to be solved urgently for antler mushroom industrial development with increasing labor costs. To solve the problem, this paper deeply integrates the single-stage object detection of YOLOv5 and the semantic segmentation of PSPNet, and proposes a Y-PNet model for real-time object detection and an image segmentation network. This article also proposes an evaluation model for antler mushroom’s size, which eliminates subjective judgment and achieves quality grading. Moreover, to meet the needs of efficient and accurate hierarchical detection in the factory, this study uses the lightweight network model to construct a lightweight YOLOv5 single-stage object detection model. The MobileNetV3 network model embedded with a CBAM module is used as the backbone extractor in PSPNet to reduce the model’s size and improve the model’s efficiency and accuracy for segmentation. Experiments show that the proposed system can perform real-time grading successfully, which can provide instructive and practical references in industry.
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O’Brien, Anne, and Páraic Kerrigan. "Gay the right way? Roles and routines of Irish media production among gay and lesbian workers." European Journal of Communication 35, no. 4 (February 18, 2020): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323120903684.
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This article explores how gay and lesbian identities are incorporated, or not, into the roles and routines of Irish film and television production. Data were gathered in 2018–2019 through semi-structured interviews with a purposive, snowball sample of 10 people who work in the Irish industries. The key findings are that for gay and lesbian workers their minority sexual identity impacts on the roles that they are likely to be included and excluded from. Sexuality also affects their promotion prospects and their career progression. Similarly, in terms of routines of production, gay and lesbian workers are associated with certain genres, based on stereotypical assumptions about their sexual identities by their hetero-managers and colleagues. In short, Irish gay and lesbian media workers articulated an overarching tension between the heteronormativity of the industry and the queerness of the gay and lesbian media worker. Some workers respond to that tension by adopting a homonormative approach to work while others attempt to forge a queer way of producing.
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Barros, L., I. C. F. R. Ferreira, and P. Baptista. "Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Mushroom Leucopaxillus giganteus Mycelium at Different Carbon Sources." Food Science and Technology International 14, no. 1 (February 2008): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013208090094.
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This article reports the first approach to the antioxidant potential evaluation of the edible mushroom Leucopaxillus giganteus mycelium obtained in the presence of four different carbon sources: glucose, sucrose, fructose and mannitol. Despite the use of Leucopaxillus mushroom species in chemical industry for extraction of clitocybin antibiotic, the production of its mycelium for pharmacological applications has not been explored. The concentration of antioxidant compounds increased along the growth time as a response to the oxidative stress and therefore free radicals production. The aldohexose glucose proved to be the most appropriate carbon source to increase antioxidant activity, leading to the highest phenols content and lowest EC50 values. Significant negative linear regressions were established between phenols and flavonoids contents, and antioxidant activity, which support that the extracts mechanism of action for the different antioxidant activity assays may be identical, being related with the content in those compounds and their free radical scavenging activity.
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Wijeratne, Mahinda, and Nilantha De Silva. "Mobile phone intervention for Sri Lankan mushroom producers." Asian Association of Open Universities Journal 9, no. 1 (September 1, 2014): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaouj-09-01-2014-b006.
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It is well-known that traditional methods of technology dissemination are not cost-effective; and that extension agencies are limited very much by personnel resources in approaching the clientele they need to contact. Therefore, at present, many sectors of the world economies are attracted to the use of ICT for technology dissemination. However, such interventions are not common in the agricultural sector, especially in developing countries. Realizing this, the Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension at the University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka, implemented a programme ‘Lifelong Learning for Farmers’ (L3F), employing ICT as one of its components. For this programme, the University of Ruhuna collaborated with the mobile phone company Mobitel(PLC) Ltd and developed an IVR (interactive voice response) system to approach clients. Mushroom production is essentially small-scale and remains a cottage industry. In order to raise the living standards, it is necessary to provide scientific information to scattered production units. Such efforts will turn them into commercial producers and provide an opportunity to compete in the local and foreign markets. This investigation focuses on the use ofmobile phones for technology dissemination to small-scale mushroom producers. The IVR system embedded different two-minute messages employing ODL techniques over six months. The entire series of lessons included the establishment of a mushroom shed; the preparation of the growing medium; filling bags and sterilization; inoculation and incubation of mushroom spawns; harvesting; pests and disease control; processing and preservation; seed production; and business planningand financial management. The results showed that 5,583 clients listen to the lessons; and, according to the spatial distribution, the majority of them were from wet zone districts as the climatic conditions are favourable for the enterprise. However, feedback is still limited.
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Egeraat, Chris, and David Jacobson. "Geography of Production Linkages in the Irish and Scottish Microcomputer Industry: The Role of Logistics." Economic Geography 81, no. 3 (February 16, 2009): 283–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00271.x.
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Pursito, Didik J., Eko H. Purnomo, Dedi Fardiaz, and Purwiyatno Hariyadi. "Optimizing Steam Consumption of Mushroom Canning Process by Selecting Higher Temperatures and Shorter Time of Retorting." International Journal of Food Science 2020 (March 28, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6097343.
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Increasing energy cost has driven the food canning industries to optimize their energy consumption in order to produce safe and shelf-stable foods efficiently. In the mushroom canning industry, energy efficiency is very critical to improve product (price) competitiveness. This research aimed at demonstrating total steam consumption to achieve the same sterility level (F0-value) of canned mushroom by using different combinations of times and temperatures of retorting. Agaricus bisporus in brine contained in 300×407 cans was heat processed in a horizontal static retort. Three different retort temperatures (115, 121, and 130°C) and different operator processing times ranging from 2 to 97 minutes were employed to achieve different levels of F0-values. Our results showed that at the same level of sterility, steam consumption inversely decreased with the increase of retort temperature. At the same F0-value of 10 minutes, energy efficiency for up to 72.9% and 58.1% per batch of retorting was achieved by increasing the temperature from 115 to 130°C and 115 to 121°C, respectively. Since steam consumption is a major element of production costs in the canning industry, the selection of higher temperatures and shorter time of retorting will have a positive commercial impact due to the reduction of production costs.
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Yurnaliza, Yurnaliza, Liana Dwi Sri Hastuti, Riyanto Sinaga, Adrian Hartanto, and Wita E. Tarigan. "Peningkatan produksi petani Jamur Tiram dengan teknik kultur di Kota Medan." Unri Conference Series: Community Engagement 2 (December 30, 2020): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/unricsce.2.335-343.
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Oyster mushrooms are one of the commodities that people are interested in to meet the needs of healthy and nutritious foods, where the demand of this fungus increases every year. In the city of Medan, oyster mushroom cultivation has begun to develop in the home industry, small to medium scale industries, but in fact it has not yet fulfilled the market demand. The low production of oyster mushrooms caused by the low knowledge of the farmer in preparation of the seed, either F-0, F-1, F-2 or F-3 and ultimately fail in baglog preparation as the final media stage for oyster mushroom production. In the seedlings and backlogs manufacturer should follow the technical culture standard preparation of seedling. Socialization has been carried out by Tim ABDIMAS with the demonstration and introducing culture and sterilization technique using saving energy autoclave, efficient in use for the mushroom farmers and expected after the program the farmers can be confident and become independent in spawn or seedling producing by themselves. The use of autoclave is very effective and significant in reducing the number of contaminated seedlings, as seen in the graph which is also presented in this paper. Knowledge of making mushroom flour with a simple method with low cost in contemporary and hygienic packaging ready to be marketed as a basic ingredient in food processed products or as an ingredient in traditional medicine is also provided.
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Rusadi, Ni Wayan Purnami. "Strategi Pengembangan Budidaya Jamur Tiram sebagai Komoditas Pertanian di Perkotaan." Jurnal Ilmiah Membangun Desa dan Pertanian 5, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.37149/jimdp.v5i4.12722.
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This study aims to determine the most effective priority strategy to be applied in developing oyster mushrooms as an Agricultural Commodity in Urban City (Case Study of Oyster Mushroom Farmers in Denpasar City). The location selection method in this study was purposive. Stages of the study include the identification of internal factors, namely strengths and weaknesses, and external factors, namely the opportunities and threats faced by oyster mushroom farmers in Denpasar. The input stage is carried out by creating an IFAS matrix and an EFAS matrix. The matching stage uses the SWOT matrix and the decision stage uses QSPM. The results showed an alternative strategy obtained, namely improving the quality of products ranging from seedlings (F1), baglog (growing media), and oyster mushrooms; Form partnerships with baglog makers so they can reach price agreements; Form partnerships between fellow mushroom farmers so they can work together in the distribution of crops; Form partnerships with the oyster mushroom processing industry so that farmers get stable selling prices; Government programs to increase the capacity of mushroom cultivation for the community in a sustainable manner; Organizing a production and marketing management training program; Conducting oyster mushroom cultivation workshops for the general public; Improving environmental sanitation for making baglog or mushroom cultivation; Conduct training on post-harvest handling and waste generated after cultivation. The priority strategy obtained in the development of oyster mushrooms in the city of Denpasar is to conduct training on handling post-harvest and post-cultivation waste produced with a value of 11,590.
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Zhou, Fa, Mikkel Hansen, Timothy John Hobley, and Peter Ruhdal Jensen. "Valorization of Green Biomass: Alfalfa Pulp as a Substrate for Oyster Mushroom Cultivation." Foods 11, no. 16 (August 20, 2022): 2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11162519.
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In this study, the potential of alfalfa pulp as an alternative substrate to wheat straw for the cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was investigated. The major components associated with different mushroom stages were evaluated, as well as changes in lignocellulolytic enzyme activities in substrates composed of alfalfa pulp, wheat straw or a combination of both. Based on the results, alfalfa pulp was demonstrated to be a better substrate than wheat straw for the production of oyster mushrooms, with a high biological efficiency of 166.3 ± 25.4%. Compared to the cultivation period on commercial straw (31 days), a shorter lifecycle for oyster mushroom was found on alfalfa pulp (24 days), which could help to reduce the risk of contamination during industrial production. Study of the spent substrate as well as the harvested mushrooms revealed that the biological efficiency was related to the higher protein content (17.42%) in the alfalfa pulp compared to wheat straw, as well as greater degradation of cellulose (57.58%) and hemicellulose (56.60%). This was, by and large, due to greater extracellular hydrolytic and oxidative enzyme activity from the mushroom growth in the alfalfa pulp. The quality and safety of the fruiting bodies produced on alfalfa pulp was evaluated, which showed that the protein content was 20.4%, of which 46.3% was essential amino acids, and levels of trace elements and heavy metals were below acceptable limits. Hence, oyster mushroom cultivation using alfalfa pulp provides an alternative method to produce a value-added product, while reducing the biomass wastes in the green protein bio-refinery, and may contribute to sustainable growth in the agricultural industry.
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Fadly, Dzul, Rosa Dhayan, Brigita Ratna Harsanti, Dea Malyana Putri, and Nur Endah Saputri. "Phytochemicals, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity of Palm Mushrooms (Volvariella sp)." Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36590/jika.v3i3.195.
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Palm mushroom (Volvariella sp) is an edible mushroom that grows on the empty palm oil bunches, where this waste is very abundant along with the increasing production of CPO (Crude Palm Oil) of the palm oil industry. This study aimed to determine phytochemicals, flavonoids, also their antioxidant activity. The investigation was conducted on aqueous water extract and ethanolic extract of palm mushrooms. It was revealed that palm mushrooms positively contained secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenols. The ethanolic extract confirmed the highest total flavonoid content of 25,9 mg QE/g dw with an IC50 value of 19,14 ppm, then declared a powerful antioxidant among aqueous extract and BHT. It confirmed that this food could be an alternative as an antioxidant source.
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Lofgren, Hans. "Medicines policy and drug company investments: the Irish experience." Australian Health Review 33, no. 2 (2009): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah090295.
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THIS BOOK IS ABOUT MANIFESTATIONS of power in medicines and pharmaceutical industry policy. The main focus is on the Republic of Ireland but there are chapters also on drug regulation in Canada, Britain and Australia. The multinational pharma companies loom larger in Ireland than in most other countries; several chapters detail the implications for this small country of the presence of a major cluster of global drug companies. Globalisation is the hallmark of the drug sector; innovation and production occur within international networks which are mirrored by interaction between regulatory agencies which operate similar systems of control and monitoring. Since the 1990s, many aspects of product safety regulation have been standardised across the developed countries through the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) process, sponsored by the regulatory agencies and industry associations of the USA, the European Union and Japan. While orchestrating vast scientific, economic and technological resources, the big pharma companies participate as insiders in national policy processes, such as those described in this book. Firms typically affirm a commitment to the health and economic concerns of the local jurisdiction ? however governments cannot help but be sensitive to their global reach and power to choose where to invest.
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Hermosa, M. R., I. Grondona, and E. Monte. "Isolation of Trichoderma harzianum Th2 from Commercial Mushroom Compost in Spain." Plant Disease 83, no. 6 (June 1999): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.6.591b.
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Trichoderma spp. are associated with green mold of mushrooms. This fungal disease has caused severe losses in mushroom production in countries such as Ireland, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. This disease is caused by two biotypes of T. harzianum (Th2, Europe; Th4, North America) (1,2). Both biotypes have not been detected in mushrooms or other material in Spain previously. However, during 1998, green mold was detected at facilities dedicated to produce compost, as well as in facilities used to produce Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach. Three compost samples were isolated from commercial bags with mushroom substrate and three more samples were taken from mushroom yards. Several spores were isolated by the dilution plate method. Initial identification of the pathogenic fungi was made by examining cultures grown on potato dextrose agar. Morphological characteristics of all isolates coincided with the description of T. harzianum (3). The following amounts of CFU per g were found in commercial compost samples: 1.2 × 108, 5.5 × 107, and 1.4 × 107 per g; whereas 3 × 108, 12.4 × 107, and 2.2 × 106 were obtained from mushroom yards. The fragment containing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) was amplified and sequenced for each of the six samples obtained. The ITS1 sequence (201 bp) was identical in all samples, and the sequence was aligned, with Clustal W, with Th2 and Th4 biotype sequences of the EMBL data base. The ITS1 sequence showed 0.55% divergence from Th2 isolates and more distance, 3.3%, with Th4 isolates. The ITS1 sequence obtained with all Spanish samples studied, EMBL accession number AJ1321550, was identical to that described for the Irish isolate Th2I (#63), with accession number U78880 in the EMBL data base (1). This is the first description of the Th2 biotype in Spain. References: (1) M. D. Ospina-Giraldo et al. Mycologia 90:76, 1998. (2) D. L. Rinker et al. Mushroom World 8:71, 1997. (3) D. A. Seaby. Plant Pathol. 45:905, 1996.
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Naher, Laila, Nur Aizzah Mazlan, Nurul Adibah Binti Hamzah, Sainul Islam, and Siti Maryam Salamah Ab Rhaman. "Palm Press Fibre and Rice Straw for Cultivation Grey Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju)." Sains Malaysiana 51, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 1305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5105-03.
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Sawdust (SD) usually sourced from rubber plant is commonly used as substrate to cultivate the grey oyster mushroom Pleurotus sajor-caju in Malaysia. However, the market price of SD is increasing because of its declining availability. Thus, this study aimed to discover an alternative substrate to cultivate grey oyster mushroom. The raw materials used in the substrate were oil palm pressed fiber (PPF), rice straw (RS) and SD, either alone or in combination with different ratios including T1: 90% SD + 10% rice bran (commercial substrate as control); T2: 30% RS + 20% SD + 50% PPF; T3: 50% RS + 50% PPF; T4: 100% RS; and T5: 100% PPF. The suitability of the substrates was determined based on growth, yield, nutrition and mineral content in the mushrooms. The growth and yield of the mushroom fruiting body on the different substrates showed significant differences. The shortest harvesting day was obtained in T4 (100% RS) after 29 days, whereas the longest harvesting day was obtained in T1 (90% SD + 10% rice bran) after 51 days. The highest yield was obtained in T4. Nutrition analysis showed significant difference among the treatments. The highest amounts of protein (26%) and ash (1.29%) were found in T5. Overall, the results showed that mushroom yield performance was good in RS but nutritional content was the highest in PPF. Therefore, RS and PPF have good impact for mushroom growers either in commercial production or in functional food industry to reduce SD dependency.
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FOX, EDWARD, TOM O'MAHONY, MARIE CLANCY, RITA DEMPSEY, MARTINA O'BRIEN, and KIERAN JORDAN. "Listeria monocytogenes in the Irish Dairy Farm Environment." Journal of Food Protection 72, no. 7 (July 1, 2009): 1450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-72.7.1450.
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Listeria monocytogenes is a potentially lethal foodborne pathogen commonly found in the environment. European Union hygiene legislation places responsibility for safety on primary production facilities, including farms, as part of a policy to introduce traceability throughout the food chain. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in the Irish dairy farm environment and in particular the milking facility. Two hundred ninety-eight environmental samples were collected from 16 farms in the southern region of Ireland. A number of farms within the group supply raw milk to the unpasteurized milk cheese industry. The samples taken included cow feces, milk, silage, soil, water, etc. Samples were enriched in Listeria enrichment broth and incubated for 48 h, followed by plating on chromogenic agar Listeria Ottavani & Agosti and further incubation of the plates for 24 to 48 h. Presumptive L. monocytogenes isolates were purified and confirmed by PCR targeting the hly gene. Overall, 19% of the samples (57 of 298) were positive for L. monocytogenes. These were serotyped using conventional and PCR methods; serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b made up 78% of the typeable isolates. A correlation was found between the level of hygiene standards on the farm and the occurrence of L. monocytogenes. There was little difference in the occurrence of L. monocytogenes between farms supplying milk to the unpasteurized milk cheese industry and those supplying milk for processing. This study demonstrates the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in the dairy farm environment and the need for good hygiene practices to prevent its entry into the food chain.
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Putra, Dian Pramana, Rera Aga Salihat, and Yulfi Desi. "PKM USAHA PRODUKSI JAMUR TIRAM DANOLAHANNYA DI NAGARI BISATI SUNGAI SARIAK KECAMATAN VII KOTO KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN." LOGISTA - Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/logista.5.1.153-160.2021.
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Nagari Bisati Sungai Sariak merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan VII Koto Kabupaten Padang Pariaman yang sebagian besar penduduknya merupakan petani.Salah satu usaha pertanian yang mulai berkembang di Nagari Bisati yaitu usaha budidaya jamur tiram yang tergolong kedalam industri ekonomi produktif. Salah satu usaha budidaya jamur tiram terdapat di Nagari Bisati yang dikelola oleh ibu Delvia.Usaha produksi jamur tiram ini belum mampu memproduksi jamur tiram dengan jumlah yang banyak.Hasil produksi jamur tiram hanya cukup untuk dipasarkan di daerah sekitar dan di beberapa pasar tradisional saja. Hal ini disebabkan beberapa hal seperti, keterbatasan alat dalam penyediaan media baglog jamur tiram; Terbatasanya pengetahuan dalam pengembangan budidaya jamur tiram; Terbatasnya pengetahuan dalam pengolahan hasil panen jamur tiram; Terbatasnya pengetahuan tentang sanitasi proses budidaya jamur tiram; serta Permasalahan permodalan dalam menunjang kegiatan budidaya jamur tiram; Keterbatasan alat sterilisasi baglog dan alat inokulasi bibit jamur. Metode pemecahan masalah yang digunakan berupa pelatihan penggunaan alat sterilisasi baglog dan inokulasi bibit jamur, pengenalan sanitasi pada proses budidaya jamur tiram, pengenalan dan pelatihan pembuatan produk olahan jamur tiram dan pengemasan produk olahan jamur tiram. Dari kegiatan pendampingan dan pembinaan pada mitra diharapkan dapat meningkatkan jiwa kewirausahaan sehingga nantinya dapat meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan mitra.Dengan adanya usaha pengolahan jamur tiram menjadi produk pangan maka produk-produk olahan tersebut dapat dipasarkan didaerah sekitar dan ke pasar modern.
Kata kunci : Jamur Tiram, Budidaya, Produk Olahan, Inovasi Teknologi
ABSTRACT
Nagari Bisati Sungai Sariak is one of the villages in VII Koto Subdistrict, Padang Pariaman Regency where most of the population are farmers. One of the agricultural businesses that have begun to develop in Nagari Bisati is the cultivation of oyster mushrooms which is classified as a productive economy industry. One of the oyster mushroom cultivation businesses is in Nagari Bisati which is managed by Mrs. Delvia. This oyster mushroom production business has not been able to produce oyster mushrooms in large quantities. The production of oyster mushrooms is only sufficient to be marketed in the surrounding area and in several traditional markets. This is due to several things such as limited tools in the supply of oyster mushroom baglog media; Limited knowledge in the development of oyster mushroom cultivation; Limited knowledge in processing oyster mushroom harvest; Limited knowledge about the sanitation of oyster mushroom cultivation process; as well as capital problems in supporting oyster mushroom cultivation activities; Limited baglog sterilizer and mushroom seed inoculation tools. The problem-solving method used is in the form of training in the use of baglog sterilizers and inoculation of mushroom seeds, introduction to sanitation in the oyster mushroom cultivation process, introduction and training in making oyster mushroom products and packaging of processed oyster mushroom products. From mentoring and coaching activities to partners, it is hoped that it can increase the spirit of entrepreneurship so that later it can increase partner income and welfare. With the business of processing oyster mushrooms into food products, these processed products can be marketed in surrounding areas and to modern markets.
Keywords: Oyster Mushrooms, Cultivation, Processed Products, Technological Innovation
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Rodhouse, P. G., C. M. Roden, M. P. Hensey, and T. H. Ryan. "Production of Mussels, Mytilus Edulis, in Suspended Culture and Estimates of Carbon and Nitrogen Flow: Killary Harbour, Ireland." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 65, no. 1 (February 1985): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400060793.
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Culture of mussels, Mytilus edulis L. is a developing industry in Irish coastal waters. Settling larvae are collected on 10 m long ropes which are suspended from g.r.p. rafts at a density of five ropes per square metre or from paired long lines, buoyed by plastic floats, at a density of some four hundred ropes per hundred metres. Mussels are harvested after eighteen months when the ropes yield up to 5 kg live weight per metre or approximately 250 kg m−2. Commercial culture at this density clearly exerts a considerable effect on energy and nutrient flow in the coastal ecosystem. In order to quantify the role of cultured mussels we investigated the carbon and nitrogen budget for production rafts and long lines in Killary Harbour, a fjordic inlet on the Irish west coast (Rodhouse et al. 1984) and compared these with estimates for the wild population on the shore.
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Liddy, Susan. "“Where are we now?” Assessing the gender equality and diversity journey in Irish screen industries (2016–21)." Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media, no. 24 (December 20, 2022): 12–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/alpha.24.01.
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After a period of unprecedented change, this article provides a snapshot of the Irish screen production sector in 2021 from the perspective of female practitioners, defined here as those who work in production roles, above and below the line, in the screen industries. Between 2016 and 2021 there has been a shift from an industry that was gender blind and unquestioningly male dominated to one in which industry discourse is imbued with the importance of achieving gender equality, diversity and inclusion. A range of targeted initiatives have been implemented to achieve that goal. The key question in this article is whether and to what extent, in 2021, practitioners are now experiencing concrete change on the ground, in their day-to-day working lives. This was explored by means of a series of interviews and questionnaires in which three themes emerged: “continuity and change”, “resistance and lip service”, and “the road ahead”. Ultimately, practitioners do not identify any seismic shifts in the industry, but most acknowledge that there is greater awareness of gender and diversity, and some limited but welcome change has occurred. There is agreement, too, that change is not fully embedded but is fledging and still finding its way.
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VAN EGERAAT, CHRIS, and DAVID JACOBSON. "THE GEOGRAPHY OF PRODUCTION LINKAGES IN THE IRISH AND SCOTTISH MICROCOMPUTER INDUSTRY: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION EXCHANGE." Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 97, no. 4 (September 2006): 405–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.2006.00351.x.
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Fennelly, Dermot, and Kathryn Cormican. "Value chain migration from production to product centred operations: an analysis of the Irish medical device industry." Technovation 26, no. 1 (January 2006): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.07.005.
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VISWANATH, PREMA, LATHA MURUGESAN, STEPHEN J. KNABEL, BINDHU VERGHESE, NAVEEN CHIKTHIMMAH, and LUKE F. LaBORDE. "Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp. in a Small-Scale Mushroom Production Facility." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 4 (April 1, 2013): 608–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-292.
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Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of significant concern to the agricultural and food processing industry because of its ability to grow and persist in cool and moist environments and its association with listeriosis, a disease with a very high mortality rate. Although there have been no listeriosis outbreaks attributed to fresh mushrooms in the United States, retail surveys and recalls are evidence that L. monocytogenes contamination of mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) can occur. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Listeria spp., including L. monocytogenes, in a small-scale mushroom production facility on the campus of the Pennsylvania State University in the United States. Of 184 samples taken from five production zones within the facility, 29 (15.8%) samples were positive for Listeria spp. Among the Listeria spp. isolates, L. innocua was most prevalent (10.3%) followed by L. welshimeri (3.3%), L. monocytogenes (1.6%), and L. grayi (0.5%). L. monocytogenes was recovered only from the phase I raw material composting area. Isolates of L. monocytogenes were confirmed and serotyped by multiplex PCR. The epidemiological relatedness of the three L. monocytogenes isolates to those serotypes or lineages frequently encountered in listeriosis infections was determined by multi-virulence-locus sequence typing using six virulence genes, namely, prfA, inlB, inlC, dal, clpP, and lisR. The phylogenetic positions of the three isolates in the dendrogram prepared with data from other isolates of L. monocytogenes showed that all isolates were grouped with serotype 4a, lineage IIIA. To date, this serotype has rarely been reported in foodborne disease outbreaks.
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Carnevale, Monica, Enrico Paris, Beatrice Vincenti, Adriano Palma, Mariangela Salerno, Ettore Guerriero, Raffaele Mancini, Marco Calcopietro, and Francesco Gallucci. "Combustion and Emission Analysis of Spent Mushroom Compost and Forestry Woodchip for Management and Energy Production." Fire 6, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6010009.
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Forestry woodchip and spent mushroom compost have commercial potential as sustainable residues in biological and chemical processes for energy production. This study focuses on the evaluation of agri-food industry waste energy valorization, with the aim to reduce the valuable biomass utilization for energy production without decreasing the process quality, thereby pursuing economic and environmental advantages. Burning trials were conducted in a fluidized bed biomass plant provided with emission abatement systems. The biomass mixture used for combustion was composed of pine and oak woodchip and spent mushroom compost. The biomass used was first characterized through compositional and energetic analysis, and subsequently, during the burning tests, a monitoring sampling campaign was carried out to analyze the gas and particles emission. Optimal combustion conditions were observed during combustion, with good oxidation of the organic material, relatively high CO2 production, and low CO concentration in flue gas. Nevertheless, SO2 concentrations in the combustion flue gas are greater than those found in the combustion of the most commonly used biomasses. In fact, the mixture compositional characterization revealed a non-negligible concentration of sulfur, which explains the high values of SO2 detected in emission. The obtained results confirm that controlled combustion, together with suitable biomasses utilization, preliminary characterization, and emission monitoring, are essential practices for the realization of a sustainable process, both from an energy and environmental point of view.