Journal articles on the topic 'IR content'
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Zhang, Ziqiong, Yi Xia, Mao Ye, Dongfang Wen, Wenting Zhang, Wendi Peng, Lihong Tian, and Wei Hu. "Low Ir-content Ir/Fe@NCNT bifunctional catalyst for efficient water splitting." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 47, no. 27 (March 2022): 13371–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.02.078.
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Miglio, Roberta, Stefano Palmery, Mario Salvalaggio, Lino Carnelli, Federico Capuano, and Raffaella Borrelli. "Microalgae triacylglycerols content by FT-IR spectroscopy." Journal of Applied Phycology 25, no. 6 (March 20, 2013): 1621–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-013-0007-6.
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Asai, Miguel, Agustina Cano, Esther Talavera, and Manuel Zubieta. "IR-MET and IR-LEU enkephalin content in the axolotl brain (Ambystoma mexicanum)." Neuropeptides 12, no. 1 (July 1988): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-4179(98)90008-7.
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Zhu, Lin, Geng-Shen Hu, Ji-Qing Lu, Guan-Qun Xie, Ping Chen, and Meng-Fei Luo. "Effects of Ir content on selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde over Ir/ZrO2 catalysts." Catalysis Communications 21 (May 2012): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catcom.2012.01.019.
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Sibrian, Ineta. "Atminties komunikacija archyvuose, bibliotekose ir muziejuose: tarptautinës konferencijos turinys ir rezultatai." Informacijos mokslai 44 (January 1, 2008): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2008.0.3396.
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Safiuddin, Md, Jeffrey S. West, and Khaled A. Soudki. "AIR CONTENT OF SELF-CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE AND ITS MORTAR PHASE INCLUDING RICE HUSK ASH / ORO KIEKIS SAVITANKIAME BETONE IR JO SKIEDINIO DALYJE SU RYŽIŲ LUKŠTŲ PELENAIS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 17, no. 3 (September 20, 2011): 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2011.589225.
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This paper presents the air content results of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) and its mortar phase including rice husk ash (RHA) as a supplementary cementing material. Moreover, this paper demonstrates a simple technique to determine the dosage of air-entraining admixture (AEA) required for the target air content in SCC. Different SCC mixtures were designed based on the water/binder (W/B) ratios of 0.30–0.50 and design air content of 4–8%. RHA was incorporated in the concretes substituting 0–30% of cement by weight. The mortars were formulated from the mixture proportions of the corresponding parent concretes and tested to determine the air content at various AEA dosages. The effects of W/B ratio and RHA content on the air content of both mortar and concrete were observed. The effect of mortar volume on the air content of concrete was also noticed. Besides, the AEA dosages required for the target air contents of concrete were estimated based on the equivalent mortar air contents. Later the air-entrained SCC mixtures were produced using AEA and tested for the air content. Test results exhibit that the air contents of both mortar and concrete were significantly influenced by the W/B ratio and RHA content. The concrete air content was also greatly influenced by its mortar volume. The AEA dosage increased with lower W/B ratio, higher RHA content, and greater mortar volume for the target air contents. In addition, the actual AEA dosages were consistent with the estimated AEA dosages of the concretes. An excellent correlation was observed between the actual and estimated AEA dosages. The strong correlation suggests that the AEA dosage needed for a target air content in concrete can be determined based on the equivalent air content of its mortar phase. Santrauka Straipsnyje pateikiami oro kiekio nustatymo savitankiame betone (SCC) ir jo skiedinio dalyje su ryžių lukštų pelenais (RHA), naudojamais kaip papildoma cementavimo medžiaga, rezultatai. Be to, pateikiamas paprastas būdas parinkti orą įsiurbiančio priedo (AEA) dozę, siekiant gauti reikalingą oro kiekį SCC. Suprojektuoti skirtingi SCC mišiniai su skirtingu vandens ir rišiklio (W/B) 0,30–0,50 santykiu ir numatytu 4–8 proc. oro kiekiu, RHA buvo dedamas į betoną pakeičiant 0–30 proc. cemento pagal masę. Skiediniai buvo formuojami pagal jiems artimo betono sudėtis ir oro kiekis juose bandomas su skirtingomis AEA dozėmis. Nustatyta W/B santykio ir RHA kiekio įtaka oro kiekiui tiek skiedinyje, tiek betone bei skiedinio tūrio įtaka oro kiekiui betone. Be to, AEA dozės, reikalingos numatytam oro kiekiui betone pasiekti, nustatytos pagal ekvivalentinį oro kiekį skiedinyje. Vėliau SCC mišiniai su orą įsiurbiančiu priedu buvo pagaminti naudojant AEA ir išbandytas juose esantis oro kiekis. Tyrimų rezultatai rodo, kad tiek skiedinį, tiek betono oro kiekį labai veikia W/B santykis ir RHA kiekis. Oro kiekį betone taip pat smarkiai veikia skiedinio tūris. Mažėjant W/B santykiui, didėjant RHA kiekiui ir skiedinio tūriui AEA dozė turi būti didinama norimam oro kiekiui pasiekti. Taip pat faktinės AEA dozės atitiko suskaičiuotas betonų AEA dozes. Tarp faktinių ir suskaičiuotų AEA dozių gauta labai gera koreliacija. Ji rodo, kad AEA dozę, reikalingą numatytam oro kiekiui betone pasiekti, galima skaičiuoti pagal ekvivalentinį oro kiekį šio betono skiedinio dalyje.
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Lamhamedi, Mohammed, Gil Lambany, Hank Margolis, Mario Renaud, Linda Veilleux, and Pierre Y. Bernier. "Growth, physiology, and leachate losses in Picea glauca seedlings (1+0) grown in air-slit containers under different irrigation regimes." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 1968–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-134.
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In production tunnels, time domain reflectometry (TDR) was used to manage irrigation and leaching by controlling water content in the rhizosphere of air-slit containerized white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings (1+0). Seedlings were exposed to four irrigation regimes (v/v: IR-60%, IR-45%, IR-30%, and IR-15%) during the first growing season to assess IR effects on growth, gas exchange, nutrient uptake, carbohydrates, root architecture, and leaching. In the province of Quebec, seedling producers generally maintain a high substrate water content (>50%, v/v) during all growth phases. The accuracy and feasibility of using TDR to decrease irrigation without affecting the material attributes of the seedlings at the end of the first growing season was confirmed. However, seedlings grown under IR-15% had significantly lower height, root collar diameter, shoot and root dry masses, root surface, root length, net photosynthesis, and nutrient contents than seedlings grown under IR-30%, IR-45%, and IR-60%. In comparison with IR-30% and IR-45%, the application of IR-60% produced no increase in shoot or root growth, mineral nutrition, and carbohydrates. Seedlings grown under IR-15%, IR-30%, and IR-45% used approximately 28, 37, and 46%, respectively, of the amount of water applied under IR-60%. Nutrient losses including anions and cations under IR-60% were higher in comparison with the other IRs. Maintaining a water content in the rhizosphere that changes with the stage of seedling development is suggested to optimize growth and to avoid excess irrigation and leaching.
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Ho, Lap, Shrishailam Yemul, Lindsay Knable, Pavel Katsel, Rudy Zhao, Vahram Haroutunian, and Giulio Maria Pasinetti. "Insulin Receptor Expression and Activity in the Brains of Nondiabetic Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease Cases." International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/321280.
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We investigated the contents of the insulin receptor-beta subunit (IRβ) and [Tyr1162/1163]-phosphorylated IRβas surrogate indices of total IR content and IR activation in postmortem hippocampal formation brain specimens from nondiabetic sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases. We found no significant changes in the brain contents of total IRβor [Tyr1162/1163]-phosphorylated IRβ, suggesting normal IR content and activation in the brains of nondiabetic sporadic AD cases. Moreover, total IRβand [Tyr1162/1163]-phosphorylated IRβlevels in the hippocampal formation are not correlated with the severity of amyloid or tau-neuropathology. Exploring the regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) α/β, key IR-signaling components, we observed significantly lower levels of total GSK3 α/βin brain specimens from nondiabetic AD cases, suggesting that impaired IR signaling mechanisms might contribute to the onset and/or progression of AD dementia. Outcomes from our study support the development of insulin-sensitizing therapeutic strategies to stimulate downstream IR signaling in nondiabetic AD cases.
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Evans-Pughe, C. "Movies on the move [mobile phone video content reception]." IEE Review 51, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ir:20051004.
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Friese, Michael A., and Sujit Banerjee. "Lignin Determination by FT-IR." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 2 (February 1992): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924125456.
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The lignin content of pulp is determined from its diffuse reflectance infrared spectrum by an algorithm that calculates the degree of overlap between two spectra. The lignin:cellulose fraction correlates with kappa number, a titrimetric measure of lignin. Essentially no sample preparation is required, and the procedure is insensitive to variations in moisture content. The algorithm is able to detect changes induced by exposure of pulp to NO2.
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Mažylė, Jolanta. "Teisės ir etikos normų taikymas Lietuvos žurnalistų ir leidėjų etikos kodekse." Informacijos mokslai 51 (January 1, 2009): 102–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2009.0.3203.
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Straipsnyje apžvelgiama Lietuvos žiniasklaidos sistemos savitvarkos institucinė sąranga ir institucijų kompetencijos, mėginama nustatyti jų funkcinius aspektus. Taip pat aptariami bendrieji profesinių etikos kodeksų tikslai, reikalavimai tokių dokumentų turiniui ir formai. Šio straipsnio tikslas – atlikti Lietuvos žurnalistų ir leidėjų etikos kodekso kokybės turinio analizę, palyginti Visuomenės informavimo įstatyme ir Žurnalistų ir leidėjų etikos kodekse naudojamas normas ir nuostatas, užtikrinančias visuomenės informavimo rengėjų ir žurnalistų atsakingą ir skaidrią veiklą. Tyrimo metodas – apžvalginis, lyginamasis, apibendrinamasis.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: etika, teisė, funkcija, norma, įstatymas, profesinė etika, viešosios informacijos rengėjas, žiniasklaida, žurnalistas.Application of law and ethics rules in the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishersJolanta Mažylė SummaryThis article presents a survery of the competence of the institutional system that regulates the provision of public information in Lithuania as well as ascertains the functional aspects of self-regulation institutions in the area of the provision of public information. Those factors are regulated by the Law on the Provision of Public Information. Three aspects of functional competencies of institutions – political, juridical and ethical are abstracted. The basic principles of professional ethical codes and requirements for the contents and form of such documents are also considered being important. The aim of the article is to analyse the quality of the content of Law on the Provision of Public Information and to compare its rules with the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishers. A detailed analysis of the content of the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishers leads to a conclusion that the content and form of this document setting down regulations on which journalists’ ethics in the area of public information is based, only partially covers the common principles of codes of professional ethics. A significant factor for making such conclusion is that the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishers is not a code intended for one professional group only.Although journalists, as well as organisers of public information, participate in the same field of the provision of information, there are differences in their juridical status. Investigation has revealed that a document regulating the professional ethics of two different groups in the area of the provision of public information does not involve the whole cohesive purposes as is recommended for such documents. This is caused by a factor that articles in the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishers often use the rules of law, and their basic content elements repeat the rules of laws in the same way as they are defined by the Law on the Provision of Public Information, Law on the Protection of Minors Against Detrimental Effect of Public Information, Law on Protection of Personal Information, Law of Authors’ rights, Law on Copyright and Related Rights.In this research paper, a comparative analysis of the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishers and the Law on the Provision of Public that 47 articles in the Law on the Provision of Public Information (out of 75) have the same essence as in the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishers. Three articles of the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishers have the duplicate formulation like the Law on the Provision of Public Information. However, transfer of legal rules from the Law on the Provision of Public Information into the code of professional ethics in such clichéd manner demonstrates low standards of juridical behaviour and juridical ignorance of the participants in the field of public communication, both organisers of public information and journalists. Evaluating the proportion of the rules of law, which are being used by the Code of Ethics of Lithuanian journalists and publishers, it is possible to propose that this Code is a set of legal rules, but not a document intended for a professional society to declare their principles and moral values.
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Dzekunskaitė, Salomėja, and Kazimieras Meilius. "Reproductive Rights: the Content of Concept and Genesis." SOTER: Journal of Religious Science 58 (2016): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7220/2335-8785.58(86).4.
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He, Jing, and David E. Kelley. "Muscle glycogen content in type 2 diabetes mellitus." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 287, no. 5 (November 2004): E1002—E1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00015.2004.
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Muscle contains the largest reservoir of glycogen (Glyc), a depot that is closely regulated and with influence on insulin sensitivity. The current study examines muscle Glyc in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity and with respect to muscle fiber type, intramyocellular lipid content (IMCL), and mitochondrial function (oxidative enzyme activity; OX-Enz). There is increasing interest in the relation of IMCL and mitochondrial dysfunction with insulin resistance (IR), yet the association with muscle Glyc has not been examined with regard to these parameters. Using a quantitative histological approach specific to muscle fiber types, we assessed muscle Glyc, IMCL, and OX-Enz in vastus lateralis obtained by percutaneous biopsy in lean nondiabetic (L; n = 16), obese nondiabetic (Ob; n = 15), and T2DM volunteers ( n = 14). Insulin sensitivity was estimated using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR. Muscle Glyc was reduced in T2DM, a deficit evident for type IIa fibers, yet minor in types I and IIb fibers. Low Glyc in T2DM correlated with fasting hyperglycemia. Also, in T2DM and Ob, there was significantly higher IMCL and lower OX-Enz in all fiber types. The IMCL-to-OX-Enz ratio, especially for type I fibers, correlated strongly with IR. Similarly, a Glyc-to-OX-Enz ratio correlated with IR, particularly for type IIb fibers. This ratio tended to be higher in Ob and T2DM. In summary, there is decreased muscle Glyc in T2DM yet a disproportional Glyc-to-OX-Enz relationship that is related to IR, although not as robustly as the IMCL-to-OX-Enz ratio.
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He, Qing, Ellen S. Engelson, Gabriel Ionescu, Marshall J. Glesby, Jeanine B. Albu, and Donald P. Kotler. "Insulin Resistance, Hepatic Lipid and Adipose Tissue Distribution in HIV-Infected Men." Antiviral Therapy 13, no. 3 (April 2008): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135965350801300309.
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Background A large proportion of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral medication develop insulin resistance, especially in the context of fat redistribution. This study investigates the interrelationships among fat distribution, hepatic lipid content, and insulin resistance in HIV-infected men. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 23 HIV-infected participants in three prospective clinical studies. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to quantify hepatic lipid concentrations. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to quantify whole-body adipose tissue compartments: that is, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volumes, as well as the intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) subcompartment and the omental-mesenteric adipose tissue (OMAT) and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT) subcompartments of VAT. The homeostasis model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated from fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. Results Hepatic lipid content correlated significantly with total VAT (r=0.62, P=0.0014), but not with SAT (r=0.053, P=0.81). In univariate analysis, hepatic lipid content was associated with the OMAT (r=0.67, P=0.0004) and RPAT (r=0.53, P=0.009) subcompartments; HOMA-IR correlated with both VAT and hepatic lipid contents (r=0.61, P=0.057 and r=0.68, P=0.0012, respectively). In stepwise linear regression models, hepatic lipid had the strongest associations with OMAT and with HOMA-IR. Conclusion Hepatic lipid content is associated with VAT volume, especially the OMAT subcompartment, in HIV-infected men. Hepatic lipid content is associated with insulin resistance in HIV-infected men. Hepatic lipid content might mediate the relationship between VAT and insulin resistance among treated, HIV-infected men.
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Lopes, Ana Isabel, and Ana Margarida Coelho. "Engaged in integrated reporting? Evidence across multiple organizations." European Business Review 30, no. 4 (June 11, 2018): 398–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebr-12-2016-0161.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: to provide evidence on geographic and firm-level characteristics within organizations using integrated reporting (<IR>) methodology to communicate their business model to stakeholders; and to shed light on the contend of integrated reports of organizations that have been recognized as leading practice by a reputable award process or through benchmarking. Design/methodology/approach Secondary analysis of data (descriptive and inferential statistics) is used for a sample of 224 organizations (79 classified as <IR> Reference Reporters and 145 as <IR> Regular Reporters) across 26 countries (2011 to mid-2015). Content analysis is used for <IR> Reference Reporters. Findings Evidence for the first objective suggests that compared with <IR> Regular Reporters, the majority of the <IR> Reference Reporters are from Europe, are larger, have a higher market value, are more profitable and are less leveraged. Evidence for the second objective reveals that the guiding principles, fundamental concepts and content elements of the most recent integrated report published by each <IR> Reference Reporter (leading practice) seem less than expected. Research limitations/implications <IR> Examples Database does not cover all of the organizations reporting according to the <IR> framework. Content analysis can be biased by authors’ interpretations. Practical implications Potential benefit both to researchers and to those involved in the reporting of financial and non-financial information using the <IR> tool. Originality/value The originality of the paper is as follows: it contributes to the international debate on the evolution from sustainability to <IR>, provides evidence on geographies and firm-level characteristics of organizations using <IR> to better communicate and provides the most prominent information disclosed by Reference Reporters.
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Mesonis, Gediminas. "Vėliava – Flag – Drapeau, arba Ir vėl apie žmogaus teises." Teisė 83 (January 1, 2012): 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2012.0.98.
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Straipsnyje analizuojama, kokią reikšmę turi skirtingos koncepcijos atskleidžiant konkrečios žmogaus teisės turinį. Konstatuojama, kad net „Vakarų“ demokratinėse valstybėse sprendžiant dėl žmogaus teisių turinio nuolat konkuruoja individualistinis ir traibalistinis požiūris į žmogaus teises. Esama koncepcijų dichotomija šiame straipsnyje iliustruojama žodžio laisvės turinio raidos kontekste. Straipsnyje į šios teisės turinio raidą žvelgiama per valstybės vėliavos teisinį statusą, analizuojant Jungtinių Amerikos Valstijų Aukščiausiojo Teismo jurisprudencijos ir kitų šalių teisinio reguliavimo patirtį. Konstatuojama, kad anglų–amerikiečių (liberalioji) žmogaus teisių ir laisvių koncepcija, spręsdama žmogaus teisės turinio problemą, prioritetą linkusi atiduoti konkretaus asmens, o ne grupės interesui.The article analyses the significance of different conceptions in disclosing the content of a concrete human right. It is stated that even in “western” democratic states, when one decides regarding the content of human rights, there is continuous competition between the individualistic and tribalistic approach to human rights. The existing dichotomy of these conceptions is illustrated in the context of the development of the content of freedom of speech. In the article the development of the content of this right is considered through the legal status of the flag, while analysing the experience of the jurisprudence of the US Supreme Court and that of legal regulation of other countries. It is stated that the Anglo-American (liberal) conception of human rights, while deciding the issue of the content of a human right, tends to give priority to the interest of a concrete person, but not that of a group.
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Saral, Gozde, Marc Audard, and Yuan Wang. "MALT90 molecular content on high-mass IR-dark clumps." Astronomy & Astrophysics 620 (December 2018): A158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832978.
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Context. High mass stars form in groups or clusters in dense molecular clumps with sizes of 1 pc and masses of 200 M⊙. Infrared-dark clumps and the individual cores within them with sizes < 0.1 pc and masses < 100 M⊙ are important laboratories for high-mass star formation in order to study the initial conditions. Aims. We investigate the physical and chemical properties of high-mass clumps in order to better understand the early evolutionary stages and find targets that show star formation signs such as infall motions or outflows. Methods. We selected the high-mass clumps from ATLASGAL survey that were identified as dark at 8/24 μm wavelengths. We used MALT90 Survey data which provides a molecular line set (HCO+, HNC, HCN, N2H+, H13CO+, HN13C, SiO) to investigate the physical and chemical conditions in early stages of star formation. Results. Eleven sources have significant SiO detection (over 3σ) which usually indicates outflow activity. Thirteen sources are found with blue profiles in both or either HCO+ and/or HNC lines and clump mass infall rates are estimated to be in the range of 0.2 × 10−3 M⊙ yr−1 − 1.8 × 10−2 M⊙ yr−1. The excitation temperature is obtained as < 24 K for all sources. The column densities for optically thin lines of H13CO+ and HN13C are in the range of 0.4–8.8 (×1012) cm−2, and 0.9–11.9 (×1012) cm−2, respectively, while it is in the range of 0.1–7.5 (×1014) cm−2 for HCO+ and HNC lines. The column densities for N2H+ were ranging between 4.4–275.7 (×1012) cm−2 as expected from cold dense regions. Large line widths of N2H+ might indicate turbulence and large line widths of HCO+, HNC, and SiO indicate outflow activities. Mean optical depths are 20.32, and 23.19 for optically thick HCO+ and HCN lines, and 0.39 and 0.45 for their optically thin isotopologues H13CO+ and HN13C, respectively. Conclusions. This study reveals the physical and chemical properties of 30 high-mass IR-dark clumps and the interesting targets among them based on their emission line morphology and kinematics.
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Afanas'ev, A. E., G. A. Arkhipov, and I. I. Tsvetkov. "Physical principles of an IR peat water-content meter." Measurement Techniques 29, no. 2 (February 1986): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00868846.
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STARK, E. "ChemInform Abstract: Information Content in Near IR Hydrocarbon Spectra." ChemInform 24, no. 29 (August 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199329316.
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Hassan, Abeer, Mahalaximi Adhikariparajuli, Mary Fletcher, and Ahmed Elamer. "Integrated reporting in UK higher education institutions." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 10, no. 5 (November 4, 2019): 844–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-03-2018-0093.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine trends in the content of reporting within 135 UK higher education institutions (HEIs). It explores the extent to which integrated reporting (IR) content elements, reflecting integrated thinking, are disclosed voluntarily and whether HEI-specific features influence the resulting disclosures. Design/methodology/approach Existing IR guidelines given by the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) and the adoption of content analysis have provided the opportunity to examine the trend and extent of IR content elements associated in HEI corporate reports. The evidence was obtained from 405 UK HEI annual reports covering the period 2014-2016. Findings The results indicate a significant increase in the number of IR content elements embedded in HEI annual reports. The HEI-specific characteristics examined, such as the establishment of HEI (before or after 1992), adoption of IR framework and size of HEI, are all significantly and positively associated with IR content elements disclosure. This paper argues that institutional theory, isomorphism and isopraxism are relevant for explaining the changes in the contents of HEI annual reports. The findings also suggest that universities are beginning to adopt an integrated thinking approach to the reporting of their activities. Research limitations/implications The study is based on IR content elements only and could be extended to include the fundamental concepts and basic principles of the IR framework. There are other factors that have a potentially crucial influence on HEI core activities (such as teaching and learning research and internationalisation) which have been omitted from this study. Practical implications The findings will allow policymakers to evaluate the extent to which integrated thinking is taking place and influencing the UK HEI sector in the selection and presentation of information. A further implication of the findings is that an appropriate a sector-wide enforcement and compliance body, for instance, the British Universities Finance Directors Group (BUFDG), may consider developing voluntary IR guidance in a clear, consistent, concise and comparable format. Also, it may pursue regulatory support for this guidance. In doing so, it may monitor the compliance and disclosure levels of appropriate IR requirements. Within such a framework, IR could be used to assist HEIs to make more sustainable choices and allow stakeholders to better understand aspects of HEI performance. Social implications The research has implications for society within and beyond the unique UK HEI sector. Universities are places of advanced thinking and can lead the way for other sectors by demonstrating the potential of integrated thinking to create a cohesive wide-ranging discourse and create engagement among stakeholder groups. Specifically, IR builds on the strong points of accounting, for instance, robust quantitative evidence collecting, relevance, reliability, materiality, comparability and assurability, to explain the sustainability discourse into a “language” logical to HEIs organisational decision makers. Consequently, IR may generate better visibility and knowledge of the financial values of exploiting capitals (financial, intellectual, human, manufactured, social and natural) and offer a multifaceted approach to reassess HEIs organizational performance in various sectors that support the growth of integrated thinking. Originality/value This is the first known study to explore HEI characteristics and link them with the level of voluntary IR content elements disclosed in UK HEIs.
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Li, Yang Ping, Zheng Tang Liu, Feng Yan, and Wen Ting Liu. "The Effects of Substrate Temperature on the Composition and IR Transmission Properties of Germanium Carbon Films Deposited by Reactive RF Magnetron Sputtering." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1748–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1748.
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Germanium carbon films were prepared on ZnS substrates by reactive RF magnetron sput- tering of a Ge target in Ar and CH4 mixtures for IR antireflective and protective purposes. IR transmit- ttance spectra of the specimens were measured, with which H content in the films was investigated. The C and Ge contents and the atomic binding state were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that H involved in the films combine mainly with C at low substrate temperatures. IR absorption peaks caused by the C-H bonds decrease with increasing temperature, indicating the drop of the C-H bonds content in the film. At relatively low temperature the film is high in C content and low in refractive index; at high temperature the film is low in C content and high in refractive index. Both C-Ge and C-C bonds exist in the film and O impurity combines mainly with Ge.
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Yasmin, Lailufar. "Development of International Relations at the Periphery: The Case of Bangladesh." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 19, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2019-19-2-247-255.
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International Relations (IR) is no longer considered as an academic discipline that analyzes the major powers or great powers’ activities only. From its Cold War content of emphasizing on traditional state-centric security, it has traversed a long way to expand its subject matter. Similarly, smaller nations and their imprints on international politics are also emerging as a significant area of inquiry in IR. This article seeks to contribute to this inquiry by discussing Bangladesh’s rising significance and how academic IR addresses this issue. It traces the history of IR in Bangladesh as well as its gradual expansion. It discusses the growth of IR as an academic discipline at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, that gradually led to the development of IR studies in other parts of the country. The article documents this growth, which is the first of its kind to trace the rise and development of IR in Bangladesh. It therefore fulfils the lacuna in understanding how and where the growth of IR took place in a non-western country. One might contend what is the relevance of studying IR in Bangladesh. The article argues that despite being physically small , academic IR has generated interest in Bangladesh due to the changing geostrategic significance of the country. The article outlines the rising geopolitical significance of Bangladesh where great powers are interested to come and be a part of Bangladesh’s development. It is in this context, the study of IR becomes more pertinent in Bangladesh.
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Ratnayake, Wakisundera M. N. "Determination of trans Unsaturation by Infrared spectrophotometry and Determination of Fatty Acid Composition of Partially Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils and Animal Fats by Gas Chromatography/Infrared Spectrophotometry: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 78, no. 3 (May 1, 1995): 783–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.3.783.
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Abstract An infrared spectrophotometric (IR) method for the determination of total trans unsaturated fatty acid (trans) content and a combined gas–liquid chromatographic/infrared spectrophotometric (GC/IR) method for determination of fatty acid composition of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO) were studied collaboratively in 12 laboratories using 7 PHVO samples, including 1 pair of blind duplicates. The test samples were methylated and analyzed for total trans content by IR and for fatty acid composition by GC/IR using a capillary column coated with SP-2560 or another suitable cyanoalkylsiloxane stationary phase. From the measured IR absorption, the isolated trans content was calculated using a calibration curve of absorption versus trans content developed with 2-component calibration standard mixtures of methyl elaidate and oleate. The GC provided the levels of mono-trans-octadecadienoates (18:2t), di-trans-octadecadienoates (18:2tt) and mono-trans-octadecatrienoates (18:3t). The trans-octadecenoate (18:1t) content was calculated with the formula: 18:1t = IR trans−0.84 × (18:2t + 18:3t − 1.74 × 18:2tt. The cisoctadecenoate (18:1c) content was obtained as the difference between total octadecenoates (18:1) and 18:1t. Reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSDR) for 15 to 35% trans content determined by IR were in the range of 8.8–11.7%, whereas RSDR for the test sample with 5% trans content was 34.6%. RSDR values for 18:1t by the GC/IR followed the same pattern as that of IR trans values: 36.4% for the test sample with 4.9% 18:1t versus 7.8–12.5% for test samples with 14.9 to 32.6% 18:1t. The content of 18:1 c in the test samples varied from 24.7 to 34.5% and their RSDR values ranged from 3.8 to 10.5%. The mean values for 18:1t and 18:1c compared favorably with the absolute levels determined by a silver nitrate-thin layer chromatography/GC procedure. The IR and GC/IR methods are recommended for determination of trans content and fatty acid composition, respectively, of partially hydrogenated fats derived from vegetable oils, terrestrial animal fats or such oils and fats isolated from food products containing >5% trans fatty acids. For samples containing ≤5% trans fatty acids, a direct GC method (American Oil Chemists' Society Official Method Ce 1c-89) is available for determination of both trans content and fatty acid composition, because at lower trans levels, overlap of 18:1 cis and trans isomers on GC with very polar capillary columns is negligible. The IR method for determination of isolated trans unsaturated fatty acid content in partially hydrogenated fats and the capillary GC/IR method for determination of total cis- and trans-octadecenoic isomers and general fatty acid composition in hydrogenated vegetable oils and animal fats have been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Tanykova, Natalya, Yuliya Petrova, Julia Kostina, Elena Kozlova, Evgenia Leushina, and Mikhail Spasennykh. "Study of Organic Matter of Unconventional Reservoirs by IR Spectroscopy and IR Microscopy." Geosciences 11, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11070277.
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The study of organic matter content and composition in source rocks using the methods of organic geochemistry is an important part of unconventional reservoir characterization. The aim of this work was the structural group analysis of organic matter directly in the source rock in combination with a quantitative assessment and surface distribution analysis of the rock sample by FTIR spectroscopy and FTIR microscopy. We have developed new experimental procedures for semi-quantitative assessment of the organic matter content, composition and distribution in the source rocks and applied these procedures for the study of the samples from the Bazhenov shale formation (West Siberia, Russia). The results have been verified using the data from the study of organic matter obtained by Rock-Eval pyrolysis and differential thermal analysis. The obtained results demonstrate the prospects of FTIR spectroscopy and FTIR microscopy application for non-destructive and express analysis of the chemical structure and distribution of organic matter in rocks.
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D’Ippolito, Silvana A., Laura B. Gutierrez, Carlos R. Vera, and Carlos L. Pieck. "Pt-Mg-Ir/Al2O3 and Pt-Ir/HY zeolite catalysts for SRO of decalin. Influence of Ir content and support acidity." Applied Catalysis A: General 452 (February 2013): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2012.12.002.
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Ravichandran, Sabarinathan, Narayanamoorthy Bhuvanendran, Qian Xu, Thandavarayan Maiyalagan, and Huaneng Su. "Improved methanol electrooxidation catalyzed by ordered mesoporous Pt-Ru-Ir alloy nanostructures with trace Ir content." Electrochimica Acta 394 (October 2021): 139148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139148.
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Gutiérrez, R., and M. Asai. "IR-Met and IR-Leu-enkephalin content in the perioesophageal ganglia of Helix aspersa seasonal variations." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology 100, no. 3 (January 1991): 609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(91)90048-x.
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Liao, Fan, Binbin Jiang, Wen Shen, Ying Chen, Yanqing Li, Yuwei Shen, Kui Yin, and Mingwang Shao. "Ir‐Au Bimetallic Nanoparticle Modified Silicon Nanowires with Ultralow Content of Ir for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction." ChemCatChem 11, no. 8 (March 26, 2019): 2126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201900241.
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Daukilas, Sigitas, and Irma Kačinienė. "Mokymasis konstruktyvizmo ir konektyvizmo sandūroje." Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 37, no. 2 (June 17, 2015): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2015.18.
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Planning of study process and research of quality standards in learning organisations is based on the theory of knowledge (epistemology). Modern studies in higher education systems are generally based on the learning theory principles of connectivism and constructivism. However, these teaching/ learning principles are not adequately applied in learning organisations. The aim of the research is to reveal the problems related with inadequate application of connectivism and constructivism pedagogy principles in education and business organisations. The results of the research show that application of connectivism principles in education organisations impersonalises study content, diminishes pedagogic conditions of value system education, increases study costs. Connectivism ppedagogy is more effective in business organisations, because it guarantees interactive, reflection and learnerexperience based cognition. The theory is effective in business organisations because of its flexible content and the system oriented towards learner needs and individualised learning strategy.
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Wang, Shuozhi, Jianqiang Mei, Lichao Yang, and Yifan Zhao. "Infer Thermal Information from Visual Information: A Cross Imaging Modality Edge Learning (CIMEL) Framework." Sensors 21, no. 22 (November 10, 2021): 7471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227471.
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The measurement accuracy and reliability of thermography is largely limited by a relatively low spatial-resolution of infrared (IR) cameras in comparison to digital cameras. Using a high-end IR camera to achieve high spatial-resolution can be costly or sometimes infeasible due to the high sample rate required. Therefore, there is a strong demand to improve the quality of IR images, particularly on edges, without upgrading the hardware in the context of surveillance and industrial inspection systems. This paper proposes a novel Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGAN)-based framework to enhance IR edges by learning high-frequency features from corresponding visual images. A dual-discriminator, focusing on edge and content/background, is introduced to guide the cross imaging modality learning procedure of the U-Net generator in high and low frequencies respectively. Results demonstrate that the proposed framework can effectively enhance barely visible edges in IR images without introducing artefacts, meanwhile the content information is well preserved. Different from most similar studies, this method only requires IR images for testing, which will increase the applicability of some scenarios where only one imaging modality is available, such as active thermography.
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Bischoff, Sophie, and Jule Fuchs. "Creating Content and Use Cases for Testing Semantic Correlation Rules in Content Delivery." SHS Web of Conferences 102 (2021): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110202003.
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Information retrieval (IR) systems like content delivery portals (CDP) help users to complete processes like searching tasks. However, these systems are facing difficulties like a lack of context or an abundance of content within the required information. An approach to solve this problem is the creation of microDocs with semantic correlation rules (SCR). The objective of this paper is to examine the realization of SCR in CDP according to use cases by focusing on the impact SCR have on the effectiveness of CDP for IR. SCR can be implemented in various creation systems. Furthermore, the paper focuses on the exemplary development of SCR in a component content management system (CCMS). Therefore, a system-based evaluation was conducted. In addition a test collection, following an ontology and a corresponding metadata architecture was created to evaluate the impact of SCR on CDP. The evaluation includes three systems, representing the different types of CDP. It uses methodology precision and recall, as well-fitting methods for the intended purpose. To conclude and finalize, testing results will be summed up, interpreted and the findings will be provided with an outlook.
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Isrowiyanti, Isrowiyanti. "Strategi Akuisisi Konten Institusional Repository Perpustakaan UIN Sunan Kalijaga." Pustakaloka 9, no. 2 (November 13, 2017): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/pustakaloka.v9i2.1106.
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Institusional repository (IR) is an information resource getting spread in some university libraries in Indonesia in the last ten years, including UIN Sunan Kalijaga library. IR as to be an important information resource alternative to the user on acessing information are produced by UIN Sunan Kalijaga academicians. The study aim to know some aspects on IR content aquisition was generated by UIN Sunan Kalijaga library, and how the strategy on encreasing the academicians angagement in IR content acquisition. The study find that the self upload policy of the academician works, and the rector’s decision that all of academician must submit their works to the library as the important things on increasing the academician engagement in the IR content acquisition.
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Hidas, Marton G., Michael G. Burton, Matthew A. Chamberlain, and John W. V. Storey. "Infrared and Submillimetre Observing Conditions on the Antarctic Plateau." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 17, no. 3 (2000): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as00033.
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AbstractThe Antarctic Plateau provides the best terrestrial sites for infrared (IR) and submillimetre (sub-mm) astronomy. In this paper we examine the relative importance of temperature, aerosol content and precipitable water vapour to determine which parameters have the greatest influence on atmospheric transmission and sky brightness. We use the atmospheric modelling program MODTRAN to model the observed sky spectrum at the South Pole from the near-IR to the sub-mm. We find that temperature and aerosol content determine the quality of near-IR observing conditions, aerosol content is the determining factor in the mid-IR up to 20 μm, while at longer wavelengths, including the sub-mm, it is the water vapour content that matters. Finding a location where aerosol levels are minimised is a key constraint in determining the optimum site on the Antarctic Plateau for an IR observatory.
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Orr, Ryan, Anna V. McBeath, Wouter I. J. Dieleman, Michael I. Bird, and Paul N. Nelson. "Estimating organic carbon content of soil in Papua New Guinea using infrared spectroscopy." Soil Research 55, no. 8 (2017): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr16227.
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Quantification of soil organic carbon (SOC) content is important for sustainable agricultural management and accurate carbon accounting. Infrared (IR) absorbance can be used to estimate SOC content, but the relationship differs between regions due to matrix effects. We developed an IR-based model specific for SOC in Papua New Guinean soils. A total of 437 samples from 0.0–0.3m depth were analysed for SOC using Dumas combustion. IR absorption spectra were collected from the same samples, and a predictive regression model was developed using the 6000–1030cm–1 spectral range. Using a validation set, predicted SOC values resulting from the IR-based model compared well with values from Dumas combustion (R2=0.905; ratio of performance-to-deviation=5.64). Constraining wavelengths to positively correlated regions of the spectra was also explored and showed improved model performance (R2=0.932). Overall, IR analysis provides a robust method for estimating SOC content for a range of Papua New Guinean soils.
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Huan, Junrong. "Research on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Image and Text Database Retrieval." Frontiers in Computing and Intelligent Systems 2, no. 1 (November 23, 2022): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fcis.v2i1.2708.
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In the graphic database, the difficulty of query processing lies in how to query the contents of various data, that is, content-based retrieval, which is an effective means and an important technology to realize multimedia data retrieval. In graphic database, the difficulty of query processing lies in how to query the content based on unformatted data, that is, content-based retrieval, which is an effective means and an important technology to realize multimedia data retrieval. Intelligent information retrieval (IR) system is an intelligent computer IR system, which simulates the thinking process and intelligent activities of human beings about information processing, realizes the storage, retrieval and reasoning of information knowledge, and provides intelligent assistance to users. This paper analyzes the problems of image and text database retrieval driven by big data, explores the application effect of artificial intelligence (AI) in IR driven by big data, promotes the innovation and transformation of modern science and technology, and realizes the sustainable development of our society.
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Petit, S., and A. Decarreau. "Hydrothermal (200°C) synthesis and crystal chemistry of iron-rich kaolinites." Clay Minerals 25, no. 2 (June 1990): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1990.025.2.04.
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Abstract:In order to study Al-Fe substitution, Fe-kaolinites were synthesized at 200°C from glasses (Si/(Al + Fe) = 1) with varying Fe content. XRD and IR spectroscopy showed that kaolinites with increasing Fe contents could be synthesized, and Mössbauer spectroscopy indicated that the iron is strictly ferric. Chemical analyses (STEM) of kaolinite particles determined up to almost 7% Fe2O3, which probably does not represent a structural limit. The effect of Fe3+ content is evident on growth kinetics and particle size of kaolinites, both decreasing with % Fe2O3. However, it is not possible to establish a general correlation between Fe content and percentage of structural defects. Acccording to IR spectroscopy, some synthesized Fe-rich kaolinites can have relatively good crystallinity.
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Tiron-Tudor, Adriana, Octavian Jula, Diana Lavinia Martin, and Gianluca Zanellato. "Integrated Reporting Framework Application: A European Case Study in the Financial Sector." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 13, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2019-0021.
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Abstract The ongoing academic debate about Integrated Reporting (IR) outlines that a particular interest shall be accorded to the financial sector organizations. Furthermore, previous researches in the field of an IR demonstrates the need of further research in the developing the actual knowledge of the advancement and implementation of IR and how are companies applying the guiding principles given by the framework. Therefore, this research aims to analyze to what extent European Union financial sector organization are following the IIRF guidance. Using a sample of 140 annual reports, a manual content analysis has been employed to identify the compliance evolution of financial sector organizations towards the IIRF contents elements, for the period 2013-2017. Results reveals the attention given by financial organisations, toward the “Organisational Overview”, “Risks & Opportunities” and “Business Model” content elements of IR. While the categories that remain unforeseen are “Performance & Outcomes”, “Other Elements” but the problematical category is “Future Outlook” with the lowest disclosure degree.
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Grigaitytė, Ugnė, and Miglė Mackevičiūtė. "Nusikaltimai virtualioje erdvėje – šiuolaikiniai Iššūkiai ir prevencijos galimybės." Vilnius University Open Series, no. 4 (November 16, 2020): 274–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/os.tmp.2020.13.
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The article presents an analysis of the virtual crimes, its problematic aspects, inter alia, prevention opportunities. Discussing types of virtual crimes, content aspects in the context of nowadays challenges, illegal acts’ measures. Regulatory reviews at national, European Union and international level, considered by the competent intitutions, as well as case law. Convention on cybercrime, adopted in 2001, extensively covering and legally regulating crimes, commited through virtual space, a comparison with Lithuanian legislation, including criminal code. The work emphasizes latency of cybercrimes likewise the damages comparing with ordinary crimes.
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Mohd Ali, Siti Aishah, and Jalifah Latip. "RAPID INVESTIGATION OF THE METABOLITE CONTENT IN HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA var. UKMR-2 CULTIVATED UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ELEVATED CO2 USING TRI-STEP FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY." Jurnal Teknologi 83, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.14825.
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Rapid methods based on untargeted analysis technique such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy can provide much faster and easier solution for food authentication. However, studies on the metabolite content in UKMR-2 calyces using FT-IR spectroscopy has not been reported yet in any previous studies. Thus, the present study was performed to analyze the differences in metabolite content in UKMR-2 calyces under the influences of different [CO2] treatment by applying tri-step infrared based fingerprinting. The UKMR-2 plant cultivation was exposed to ambient [CO2] (400 µmol/mol) and elevated [CO2] (800 µmol/mol) treatment. The UKMR-2 calyx extracts were analysed by conventional infrared (1D-IR), second derivative infrared (SD-IR) and two-dimensional correlation infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy. The 1D-IR spectrum results revealed a similar absorption spectrum in the range of 1900 - 650 cm-1, which suggest similar major metabolites content present in both extracts. For SD-IR spectrum, both treatments clearly showed have more peaks with different shape, position and intensity in the range of 1650 - 1450 cm-1 and 1200 - 950 cm-1, which is likely to have different flavonoid and carbohydrate content in UKMR-2 calyces. The 2D-IR synchronous correlation spectrum in the range of 1000 – 650 cm-1 clearly distinguished the metabolite content in the UKMR-2 calyx extract from different [CO2] treatment. Therefore, this tri-step infrared based fingerprinting has the potential as one of the effective methods to discriminate extract samples with similar infrared fingerprint features and indicate that the metabolite content in UKMR-2 calyces were influenced by different [CO2] treatments.
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Mattos, Elizabeth C., Milton Faria Diniz, Nanci M. Nakamura, and Rita de Cássia L. Dutra. "Determination of polymer content in energetic materials by FT-IR." Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management 1, no. 2 (2009): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5028/jatm.2009.0102167175.
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Derkacheva, O. Yu, and D. O. Tsypkin. "Lignin Content in Paper Fibers Assessed Using IR Reflectance Spectroscopy." Journal of Applied Spectroscopy 84, no. 6 (January 2018): 1066–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10812-018-0588-6.
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Santos, Diana I., M. Joana Neiva Correia, Maria Margarida Mateus, Jorge A. Saraiva, António A. Vicente, and Margarida Moldão. "Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy as a Possible Rapid Tool to Evaluate Abiotic Stress Effects on Pineapple By-Products." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (October 3, 2019): 4141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9194141.
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Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a physicochemical technique based on the vibrations of a molecule energized by infrared radiation at a specific wavelength range. Abiotic stresses can induce the production of secondary metabolites, increasing bioactivity. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of heat treatments on the bioactivity of pineapple by-products, and whether FT-IR analysis allows understanding of the changes imparted by abiotic stress. The by-products were treated at 30, 40, and 50 °C for 15 min, followed by storage at 5 ± 1 °C for 8 and 24 h. Lyophilized samples were characterized for total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity and analyzed by FT-IR. Thermal treatments at 50 °C reduced the content of phenolic compounds (21–24%) and antioxidant capacity (20–55%). Longer storage time (24 h) was advantageous for the shell samples, although this effect was not demonstrated for the core samples. The principal components analysis (PCA) model developed with the spectra of the pineapple shell samples showed that the samples were grouped according to their total phenolic compounds content. These results allow the conclusion to be drawn that FT-IR spectroscopy is a promising alternative to the conventional chemical analytical methodologies for phenolic and antioxidant contents if there are significant differences among samples.
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Sansak, Sahachart, and Jiraporn Sripinyowanich Jongyingcharoen. "Effect of hot air assisted infrared drying on drying characteristics and quality of rice bran pellets." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 03040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819203040.
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The objective of this study was to determine drying characteristics and quality of rice bran pellet subjected to hot air assisted infrared (HA-IR) drying at different levels of infrared (IR) intensity (750 – 3750 W/m2) and air temperature (40 – 80°C). The rice bran pellets were dried from 0.18 to 0.08 g water/g dry matter. The maximum drying rate (DR) and drying time were in the ranges of 0.0030 – 0.0165 g water/g dry matter·min and 8 – 54 min, respectively. Higher IR intensity and air temperature resulted in greater maximum DR and shorter drying time. The same trend was also observed for the effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) values which were between 0.3103×10-7 and 2.7603×10-7 m2/s. As compared to the commercial reference sample of dried rice bran pellets, the products of this study had higher oil content and lower FFA content. The oil content was affected by IR intensity only while the FFA content was affected both by IR intensity and air temperature. HA-IR drying could improve drying characteristics of the rice bran pellets and produce better quality of the dried products.
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Jin, Rong. "Integrated Reporting: Its Benefits, International Framework and Quality Evaluation." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 7, no. 2 (March 2, 2021): p47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v7n2p47.
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This article gives an explanation of the major objectives and crucial benefits of integrated reporting (IR). In addition, it describes the Guiding Principle “Stakeholder Relationships” and Content Element “Risks and Opportunities” of The International <IR> Framework, which is followed by the demonstration on how each of them supports the attainment of those benefits. Finally, this article critically chooses the 2016 annual report of Hyundai Motor Company as an example, evaluates the quality of report and examines its IR practice by assessing whether this company applies the selected Guiding Principle and Content Element effectively to help achieve major benefits of IR. The research method comprises the establishment of evaluation criteria and content analysis of annual reports.
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Turner, David D., and Ulrich Löhnert. "Ground-based temperature and humidity profiling: combining active and passive remote sensors." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 4 (April 26, 2021): 3033–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-3033-2021.
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Abstract. Thermodynamic profiles in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) are important observations for a range of atmospheric research and operational needs. These profiles can be retrieved from passively sensed spectral infrared (IR) or microwave (MW) radiance observations or can be more directly measured by active remote sensors such as water vapor differential absorption lidars (DIALs). This paper explores the synergy of combining ground-based IR, MW, and DIAL observations using an optimal-estimation retrieval framework, quantifying the reduction in the uncertainty in the retrieved profiles and the increase in information content as additional observations are added to IR-only and MW-only retrievals. This study uses ground-based observations collected during the Perdigão field campaign in central Portugal in 2017 and during the DIAL demonstration campaign at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains site in 2017. The results show that the information content in both temperature and water vapor is higher for the IR instrument relative to the MW instrument (thereby resulting in smaller uncertainties) and that the combined IR + MW retrieval is very similar to the IR-only retrieval below 1.5 km. However, including the partial profile of water vapor observed by the DIAL increases the information content in the combined IR + DIAL and MW + DIAL water vapor retrievals substantially, with the exact impact vertically depending on the characteristics of the DIAL instrument itself. Furthermore, there is a slight increase in the information content in the retrieved temperature profile using the IR + DIAL relative to the IR-only; this was not observed in the MW + DIAL retrieval.
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Wang, Bao Qing. "Study on Analysis and Assessment of Acanthopanax senticosus from China and Korea with FT-IR." Advanced Materials Research 531 (June 2012): 520–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.531.520.
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To get the IR spectrums of Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) from china and korea areas, and to find out the characters of IR spectrums through the content of different chemical constituents, provide a fast and effective analysis method monitor the inherent qualities of traditional Chinese medicine-AS. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was applied to detect sample of AS from china and korea areas. This study showed that the IR spectra of AS from china and korea areas have their unique IR fingerprint features. The content of syringin and calcium oxalate in AS from china is significantly higher AS from korea. So FT-IR is a very quick, effective and well repetitive method for monitoring and distinguishing the traditional Chinese medicine.
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Kazemian, Sina, Arun Prasad, Bujang B. K. Huat, Jafar Bolouri Bazaz, Farah N. A. Abdul Aziz, and Thamer A. Mohammad Ali. "INFLUENCE OF CEMENT – SODIUM SILICATE GROUT ADMIXED WITH CALCIUM CHLORIDE AND KAOLINITE ON SAPRIC PEAT / SAPROGENINIŲ DURPIŲ POVEIKIS CEMENTO IR NATRIO SILIKATO SKIEDINIO SU KALCIO CHLORIDU BEI KAOLINITU SAVYBĖMS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 17, no. 3 (September 20, 2011): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2011.589209.
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Sapric peat is extremely soft, unconsolidated and has high organic content. It is most decomposed peat with less fiber content among all peats. This paper investigates the effectiveness of using different ratios of cement–sodium silicate system grout compounds with kaolinite in mechanical property (shear strength) and micro–structural properties (SEM and EDX) of sapric peat samples after 3 and 30 days of curing. The study showed that the kaolinite was effective in increasing the shear strength and reducing the moisture content of the treated peat. Calcium chloride seemed to have different effects on the grouts strength. It caused to increased shear strength of samples until the net charge of the sample changed to zero and then it decreased with further increase in calcium chloride. By increasing sodium silicate (within 3%), cement and soaking time on treated peat, it was observed that they are able to increase the shear strength and density with a corresponding decrease in moisture content, porous microstructure, and the multitude of voids of confection. Santrauka Durpės, susidarančios pūvant, yra ypač minkštos, nevienalytės struktūros, turi daug organikos. Durpių struktūra yra chaotiška, jose mažai fibrų. Šiame darbe nagrinėjamos skirtingų skiedinių (cemento ir natrio silikato su pūvant susidarančiomis durpėmis ir kaolinitu) mechaninės (šlyties stipris) ir mikrostruktūrinės savybės (SEM ir EDX) po 3, 30 ir 90 dienų. Nustatytas tokių durpių ir kitų priedų naudojimo veiksmingumas skiediniuose. Tyrimai parodė, kad kaolinito priedas padidina šlyties stiprį ir sumažina durpių vandens poreikį. Taip pat nustatyta, kad kalcio chloridas gali skirtingai veikti skiedinių stiprį. Įvertinta, kad bandinių šlyties stipris didėja, kai kalcio chlorido kiekis mišinyje artimas nuliui, didinant kalcio chlorido kiekį, stipris mažeja. Atlikus tyrimus pastebėta, kad didinant natrio silikato, cemento kiekį ir ilginant apdorotų durpių įmirkymo laiką, bandinių šlyties stipris ir tankis didėja, mažėja vandens poreikis ir tuštumų skaičius, kinta mikrostruktūros parametrai.
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OBrien, Patrick, Kenning Arlitsch, Jeff Mixter, Jonathan Wheeler, and Leila Belle Sterman. "RAMP – the Repository Analytics and Metrics Portal." Library Hi Tech 35, no. 1 (March 20, 2017): 144–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lht-11-2016-0122.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present data that begin to detail the deficiencies of log file analytics reporting methods that are commonly built into institutional repository (IR) platforms. The authors propose a new method for collecting and reporting IR item download metrics. This paper introduces a web service prototype that captures activity that current analytics methods are likely to either miss or over-report. Design/methodology/approach Data were extracted from DSpace Solr logs of an IR and were cross-referenced with Google Analytics and Google Search Console data to directly compare Citable Content Downloads recorded by each method. Findings This study provides evidence that log file analytics data appear to grossly over-report due to traffic from robots that are difficult to identify and screen. The study also introduces a proof-of-concept prototype that makes the research method easily accessible to IR managers who seek accurate counts of Citable Content Downloads. Research limitations/implications The method described in this paper does not account for direct access to Citable Content Downloads that originate outside Google Search properties. Originality/value This paper proposes that IR managers adopt a new reporting framework that classifies IR page views and download activity into three categories that communicate metrics about user activity related to the research process. It also proposes that IR managers rely on a hybrid of existing Google Services to improve reporting of Citable Content Downloads and offers a prototype web service where IR managers can test results for their repositories.
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Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė, Rita. "INSECT TOPIC IN PRIMARY SCHOOL: CONTENT AND IDEAS FOR ACTIVITY." Natural Science Education in a Comprehensive School (NSECS) 24, no. 1 (April 15, 2018): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu/18.24.38.
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Currently more attention is paid to natural science education in Lithuania. It is being encouraged to learn in green environment, diverse learning environments are established, however, it is also necessary to enhance teacher natural science literacy, to orientate education process into deeper learning. This article discusses, how to realise insect topic in primary school. French experience is also used for this. Use of insects for teaching purposes can be very beneficial, because students can perform long term observations and experience a lot. They: 1) observe insect development and analyse different stages (egg, larva, pupa, adult; stage length; death and what were the causes of it; environmental conditions: humidity, light, temperature, food, behaviour and so on); 2) develop critical thinking: look for the answers to emerging questions, compare and collate, find similarities and differences, solve emerging problems; 3) develop positive attitudes regarding nature, overcome fear and prejudice (an insect cannot be another animal, isn’t it, therefore it is more important to understand what makes insect so interesting and significant). Insect topic, as any other, can be interesting, useful for students getting to know animate nature, if it is directed towards students’ knowledge and understanding, ability, critical thinking and value attitude education. Teacher, undertaking educational or project activity about insects has to seriously prepare, think out in advance, what part of activity is going to take place in natural environment and what in the classroom, what educational spaces are going to be created or exploited, to read a lot on that topic, to prepare students’ activity sheets. Keywords: animate nature, project activity, primary school, science education.
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Stauskas, Vladas. "KAI KURIE ŠIUOLAIKINĖS ARCHITEKTŪROLOGIJOS ASPEKTAI." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 33, Supplement (December 31, 2009): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1392-1630.2009.33.270-278.
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The paper presents and analyses in detail the content and significance of the new definition of architecture “as the art and science of designing the environment (space)” for contemporary architecturology and architectural practice. It discusses in greater detail the social and ecological tasks of architecture in contemporary society as well as the responsibility of the architect and new research trends in architecturology. The paper also focuses on the importance of regionality trend in the context of modern globalization and touches upon the questions of architects’ professional training specialization. Santrauka Straipsnyje plačiau pristatomas ir detalizuojamas naujojo architektūros apibrėžimo „Architektūra – tai menas ir mokslas formuoti aplinką (erdvę)“ – turinys ir reikšmė šiuolaikinei architektūrologijai ir architektūros praktikai. Detaliau aptariami socialiniai ir ekologiniai architektūros uždaviniai dabartinėje visuomenėje, architekto atsakomybė, naujos tyrimų kryptys architektūrologijoje. Atskirai aptarta regionalumo krypties svarba dabartinės globalizacijos fone. Paliesti architektų profesinio rengimo specializacijos klausimai.