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Guzelce, Elifnur, and Ozgul Karacaer. "Esthetic Rehabilitation with Combined All-Ceramic Applications: A Case Report." Journal of Dentists 5, no. 2 (November 19, 2017): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12974/2311-8695.2017.05.02.4.
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The first choice for anterior rehabilitation has been metal-free materials due to their successful esthetic results. Dentists and dental technicians today require materials that offer high strength, outstanding esthetics and efficient productivity. IPS e-max lithium disilicate can now be processed with CAD/CAM technology or traditionally pressed or contemporarily. Thus, its strength and versatility, the material used for the following practice anterior/posterior crowns, anterior three-unit bridgework (press only), inlays/onlays, veneers, thin veneers, implant restorations, telescopic crowns. The case presented in this report illustrates the rehabilitation of maxillary anterior teeth with IPS e-max press ceramic bridge and laminate veneers.
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Ubaed, Sana R., and Omar S. Ali. "Laboratory Evaluation of IPS-lithium Disilicate Orthodontic Brackets." Polytechnic Journal 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v10n1y2020.pp135-139.
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The purpose of the study is to evaluate the microhardness and light transmission through new Emax brackets with two ceramic brackets commercially available in the markets. The brackets were divided into three groups: (1) E max brackets (IPS E-max press, Ivoclar, Germany), (2) Gemini clear brackets (Unitek, 3M, USA), and (3) discovery pearl ceramic brackets (Dentaurum, Germany). The Vickers hardness test was used to evaluate the hardness of the wings in addition the light transmission of three brackets types were tested through using an orthodontic light cure device and light meter. The hardness test of discovery pearl ceramic brackets and Gemini clear brackets gave significantly higher than E.max one while later gave significantly more light transmission through it when compared with another two brackets. In conclusion, the noticeable tested brackets make E max material one of choice for modern esthetic brackets in future although the hardness is less comparing the other tested brackets due to the purity of material compering with other test brackets which are reinforced of their material, the new material requiring improving of mechanical performances.
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Salem, Basma Osama, Dina Magdy Elshehawi, and Gihan Abdelhady Elnaggar. "Fracture resistance of pressed ZLS crowns versus pressed LD crowns under thermo-mechanical cycling." Brazilian Dental Journal 33, no. 6 (December 2022): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202204993.
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Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a resistência à fractura do silicato de lítio reforçado com zircônio todo o material cerâmico "Celtra Press" em comparação com um "IPS e-max Press" em condições orais simuladas. Quatorze coroas cerâmicas foram fabricadas em moldes epóxi que foram duplicados a partir de moldes principais de aço inoxidável e divididos em dois grupos iguais (n=7) de acordo com o material de construção; Grupo A: Coroas fabricadas com material IPS e-max Press e Grupo B: Coroas fabricadas com material Celtra Press. As coroas foram então cimentadas nos seus moldes correspondentes com um cimento de resina auto-adesivo e submetidas a ciclos térmicos e cargas cíclicas. Em seguida, foram carregadas para fraturar numa máquina universal de ensaios. Os resultados foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente utilizando os testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov e Shapiro-Wilk. O teste t de Student usado para comparar os valores médios. O nível de significância foi fixado em P ≤ 0,05 e intervalo de confiança de 95%. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o software Graph Pad Instat (Graph Pad, Inc.) para Windows. Os valores médios ± SD da resistência à fractura foram registados para o grupo Disilicate de lítio (1706,01 ±154,32 N) enquanto que os valores médios ± SD registados com o grupo celtra foram (1550,67±196,71 N). As coroas cerâmicas de silicato de lítio reforçado com zircónio produziram valores de resistência à fractura comparáveis aos das coroas cerâmicas de dissilicato de lítio e ambos os materiais testados estão dentro dos valores clinicamente aceitáveis na área posterior.
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Luo, Aoxiang, Yao Yao, Li Zhang, and Yuejing Chen. "Influence of different but compatible all-ceramic materials and bonding systems on dentin bonding properties." Materials Express 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2021.1885.
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of various compatible all-ceramic materials and bonding systems, on the bonding properties of dentin. Five types of commonly used all-ceramic materials (Cerec Blocs, IPS e. max Press, IPS e. max ZirCAD, Incoris Alumina, In-Ceram Alumina) were bonded with three types of adhesives (Multilink N, Variolink N, Relyx Unicem) for nuclear porcelain tile preparation. We evaluated the polymerization conversion rates, shear bonding strength (SBS), and micro-tensile bond strength (TBS) for each combination. The polymerization conversion rates, SBS and TBS differed significantly for all 3 adhesives with each all-ceramic group (P < 0.05). The Relyx Unicem agent had higher adhesive properties compared with the Variolink N and Multilink N agents (P < 0.05). The polymerization conversion rate, SBS and TBS of the five all-ceramic materials differed significantly with each adhesive (P < 0.05). The Cerec Blocs had the highest adhesive performance (P < 0.05). The polymerization conversion rate of adhesives differed with each all-ceramic material, while the dentin bonding strength differed with each all-ceramic material and adhesive. Clinically, all-ceramic materials with a high transparency and low refraction are recommended. For opaque all-ceramic restorations, the curing light time and polymerization reaction rate should be increased to improve the dentin bonding performance.
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Sasany, Rafat, Duygu Sarac, and Goknil Ergun Kunt. "Effect of Various Veneering Techniques on Bond Strength and Colour Stability of Zirconia / Veneering Ceramic after Hydrothermal Aging." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 39 (September 27, 2021): 3474–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/704.
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BACKGROUND The purpose of this in-vitro study was to compare the colour stability and bond strength of zirconia-based ceramic restorations after hydrothermal aging using conventional layering, heat-pressing, and multilayer veneering techniques. METHODS One hundred twenty specimens’ core (15 x 10 x 0.7) was fabricated from A2-shade zirconia CAD-CAM blocks (IPS e.max ZirCAD). Specimens were divided into 4 groups for veneering (N = 30): [(layering group (L), IPS e.max ceram), (heat – pressing group (P), IPS press), and multilayer group, IPS e max Cad for 2 different types of cement (cemented with RelyX U200 (M1) and PANAVIA SA (M2))]. Aging was performed for (5 - 55°C, 5000). Colour coordinates before and after aging were measured to calculate colour differences (ΔE00). The shear bond strength test was performed with a universal test unit. The data were analysed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference test (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS Significant differences were found between the groups in bond strength (P < 0.001). Group M1 had the highest bond strength while Group L had the lowest bond strength. In terms of ΔE00 values, there were significant variations between the groups (P < 0.001). Group M1 had the highest colour stability, while Group M2 had the lowest colour stability. CONCLUSIONS The method of fabrication had an impact on the power of the bond between veneering ceramic and zirconia, as well as its colour stability. The restoration fabricated by a multilayer technique was cemented by resin cement (Rely X U200 Automix) which was found to be more resistant and colour stable. KEY WORDS Veneers, Heat-Press Technique, Bond Strength, Colour Different, Hydrothermal Aging.
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Chagas, Rômulo Bomfim, Rafaela Alves Castro, Jandenilson Alves Brígido, Lucas Andeilson dos Santos Matos, Maria Lucia Bomfim Chagas, and Fernanda Araújo de Sousa. "REABILITAÇÃO ORAL ATRAVÉS DE PLANEJAMENTO DIGITAL TRIDIMENSIONAL: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA E RELATO DE CASO CLÍNICO." Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1814–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51891/rease.v8i1.4890.
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Objetivo: revisar a literatura e relatar um caso clínico acerca da efetividade da reabilitação oral protética, utilizando material vitrocerâmico dissilicato de lítio IPS E.max Press e IPS E.max CAD, através de planejamento com Digital Design Smile (DSD) e confecção pelo sistema CAD/CAM. Revisão de literatura e Relato de caso: A vitrocerâmica é um material que se assemelha às características do tecido dental e possui as melhores propriedades ópticas entre os materiais protéticos. O DSD possibilita o planejamento para um melhor resultado estético do ponto de vista facial, pois permite um fluxo de trabalho completo, representando um recurso para auxílio no diagnóstico, plano de tratamento e na comunicação com o paciente e técnico laboratorial. Foi selecionado um paciente com extensas restaurações em resina composta com estética insatisfatória nos dentes anteriores. A partir do escaneamento da boca do paciente, realizou-se o protocolo DSD e com auxílio de um sorriso doador, foi possível determinar o formato e textura das novas restaurações em cerâmica confeccionadas com IPS E. max CAD. Considerações finais: A vitrocerâmica dissilicato de lítio apresenta potencial reabilitador minimamente invasivo, além de apresentar excelentes requisitos estéticos. O caso clínico desse estudo demonstrou a previsibilidade que pode ser alcançada com o protocolo DSD, além disso, com a fabricação CAD/CAM, as restaurações impostas como modelo para o paciente seguiram o plano estético inicial.
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Abujalala, Mohammed, and A. Nehir Özden. "Effects of Polishing versus Glazing on Dental Ceramic Wear: A Comparative In Vitro Study." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3271.
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This study analyzed the wear behavior caused by steatite antagonists to four dental ceramic materials, comparing this between two surface treatments: polishing and glazing. Methods: Thirty flat samples (10 × 8 × 2 mm) were prepared from each of four ceramics: IPS e. max CAD (IPS), GC Initial LiSi Press (LP), Vita Enamic (VE), and monolithic zirconia (MZ). Subgroups of samples were finished by polishing or glazing or neither (as controls). The samples were subjected to computer-controlled chewing simulation (240,000 cycles of 49 N at 1.6 Hz, with thermocycling at 5/55 C), with steatite balls as antagonists. The samples and antagonists were visualized before and after the test with a laser abrasion measurement system, a CAD/CAM scanner, and electron microscopy scanning, and the volumes lost from the tested samples and antagonists were analyzed. Results: For the MZ samples, the polished samples showed significantly less volume loss than the glazed samples (0.0200 mm3 vs. 0.0305 mm3; p =0.0001), whereas there was significantly greater antagonist volume loss (0.0365 mm3 vs. 0.0240 mm3; p = 0.011). There were no significant differences between the subgroups for IPS, VE, and LP, although antagonist volume losses were non-significantly greater with the glazed samples than with the polished samples. Conclusions: Polishing MZ had adverse effects on the corresponding antagonist wear. Glazed MZ showed the lowest antagonist wear.
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Ali Y., Dogheim, El Kady Ahmed S., Ghoneim Mona M., and Abdelmotie Maha A. "IN VITRO COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LAVA ULTIMATE CAD/CAM RESTORATIVE SYSTEM IN COMPARISON TO IPS E-MAX PRESS." Alexandria Dental Journal 41, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/adjalexu.2016.59271.
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Neto, CF, GC Santos, and MJMC Santos. "Influence of the Fabrication Technique on the Marginal and Internal Adaptation of Ceramic Onlays." Operative Dentistry 45, no. 2 (March 1, 2020): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/19-014-l.
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SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the marginal and internal adaptation of partial coverage crowns (ceramic onlays) fabricated with Press, CEREC BlueCam, and CEREC OmniCam systems, using two preparation designs and evaluating the internal discrepancies at different locations. Two phantom maxillary premolars (master teeth) received different preparation designs, with (BX) and without (NB) a modified occlusal box with round internal angles. Sixty IPS e-max ceramic restorations were fabricated with three systems: Press (n=20), CEREC BlueCam (n=20), and CEREC OmniCam (n=20). Both marginal and internal discrepancy width were measured by using a stereomicroscope at ×25 magnification. The data were evaluated statistically using analysis of variance followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test (α=0.05). The ceramic restorations fabricated with the Press system presented significantly smaller marginal and internal disadaptations than the BlueCam and OmniCam CEREC systems (p<0.0001). Regarding the preparation designs, preparation BX presented the smallest marginal discrepancies for all fabrication systems and larger internal discrepancies than for restorations fabricated with the Press system. The occlusal location presented a larger internal discrepancy compared with the axial locations. Although the three systems resulted in the fabrication of restorations within a clinically acceptable adaptation with marginal discrepancies below 100 μm, the Press system presented the smallest marginal and internal discrepancies. An improved marginal adaptation was observed in the preparation design with a modified occlusal box with rounded internal angles.
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Ahsan, Henna. "Aminullah Chaudary. Political Administrators: The Story of Civil Service of Pakistan. Oxford University Press, 2011. 371 pages, Rs 895.00." Pakistan Development Review 51, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v51i1pp.97-99.
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A bureaucracy is a group of individuals who are non-elected and serve as government employees to help implement rules and laws of a country. The term bureaucracy was created by combining the words ‘bureau’ which means desk or office and ‘kratos’, meaning rule or political power to govern. Different countries have adopted various ways to induct people to run the government and make new laws. Max Weber, a renowned and notable German administrative scholar is credited to be the pioneer of the use of bureaucracy in public administration. In this book on the Civil Service of Pakistan, the author has described the way bureaucratic culture gained strength and restricted the grooming of political culture in the country. He shows how ‘seniority’ overwhelmed ‘merit’ in the promotion process of the officers in the Civil Service of Pakistan (CSP), an offspring of the Indian Civil Service (ICS). The CSP officers always considered themselves as an élite class and looked down upon the politicians. The author narrates the superior attitude of Iskander Mirza (a notable member of the ICS, then CSP) in these words: “Mirza was proud of his IPS and CSP lineage and never missed an opportunity of proclaiming this fact. His admiration for the colonial system of administration was matched by a corresponding contempt for politicians.” The relationship between the bureaucracy and the military was to ensure that politicians did not make a mess of things. The bureaucracy was able to call on the military in times of crisis and never worried about its overstaying the visit. The basic theme of the Indian Civil Service was that the local Indians were recruited as officers by the British to suppress and control an enslaved people. Unfortunately, even after gaining independence the mindset of the bureaucratic staff didn’t change and they conveniently forgot that an independent nation required a different approach.
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Ergun-Kunt, Goknil, Rafat Sasany, Mehmet Faruk Koca, and Mutlu Özcan. "Comparison of Silane Heat Treatment by Laser and Various Surface Treatments on Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin/Lithium Disilicate." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 16, 2021): 7808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247808.
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In the current study, we evaluated the effects of heat treatment (by Er:YAG or furnace) and various surface treatments on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of silanized lithium disilicate ceramic. Seventy lithium disilicate (IPS e. max Press; Ivoclar Vivadent) and composite resin (Tetric N-Ceram; Ivoclar Vivadent) blocks were made and distributed into seven groups (n = 10) at random: S: silanization alone; ALS: airborne particle abrasion (APA) and silanization; SC: APA modified with silica and silanization; SHT1: silanization and heat treatment by Er:YAG; SHT2: silanization and heat treatment performed in the furnace (100 °C, 1 min); HF: etching with HF; and HFS: etching with HF and silanization. Every ceramic specimen was cemented to a composite resin block after surface treatment. Cemented specimens were embedded into acrylic resin and were tested with the μTBS test. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tamhane T2 tests (α = 0.05). The SHT1 group had the highest bond of strength compared to the other groups (27.46 MPa). The ALS group had the lowest strength of the groups (15.56 MPa). Between SHT2 and HFS (p = 1), the comparison of the mean µTBS values showed no significant differences. It was concluded that silane heat treatment increased the resin composite–ceramic bond strength; however, within the terms of μTBS, the Er:YAG laser treatment was more successful than other surface treatment applications.
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Mergulhão, VA, LS de Mendonça, MS de Albuquerque, and R. Braz. "Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Premolars Restored With Different Methods." Operative Dentistry 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): E1—E11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/17-262-l.
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SUMMARY Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the resistance and patterns of fracture of endodontically treated maxillary premolars (ETPs) restored with different methods. Methods and Materials: Mesio-occluso-distal cavities were prepared in 50 extracted caries-free human maxillary premolars after endodontic treatment. The teeth were divided into five groups (n=10), according to the restorative method. G1: intact teeth (control group); G2: conventional composite resin; G3: conventional composite resin with a horizontal glass fiber post inserted between buccal and palatal walls; G4: bulk-fill flowable and bulk-fill restorative composites; and G5: ceramic inlay. For direct restorations, Filtek Z350 XT, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable Restorative, and Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative were used. Indirect restorations were fabricated from a pressable lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e-max Press) and adhesively cemented (RelyX Ultimate). All specimens were subjected to thermocycling (5°C to 55°C/5000 cycles) and additionally submitted to cyclic loading 50,000 times in an Electro-Mechanical Fatigue Machine. Next, the specimens were subjected to a compressive load at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until fracture. The fractured specimens were analyzed to determine the fracture pattern using a stereomicroscope, and then representative specimens were carbon coated to allow for the studying of the fracture surface under scanning electron microscopy. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare fracture resistance of the groups. The results of fracture patterns were submitted to the Fisher exact test (α=0.05). Results: All specimens survived fatigue. Mean (standard deviation) failure loads (N) for groups were as follows: G1: 949.6 (331.5); G2: 999.6 (352.5); G3: 934.5 (233.6); G4: 771.0 (147.4); and G5: 856.7 (237.5). The lowest fracture resistance was recorded for G4, and the highest ones were recorded for G2, followed by that of G1 and G3. One-way ANOVA did not reveal significant differences between groups (p>0.05). The highest repairable fracture rates were observed in G1 (100%) and G3 (80%). Conclusions: ETPs restored with conventional composite resin with or without horizontal fiber post, bulk-fill composite, and ceramic inlay showed fracture resistance similar to that of sound teeth. Conventional composite resin restorations exhibited the highest prevalence of unrepairable fractures, and the insertion of a horizontal fiber post decreased this prevalence. Intact teeth showed 100% of repairable fractures. It is difficult to extrapolate the results directly to a clinical situation due to the limitations of this study.
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Syahyuri, Syahyuri, Riyanto Riyanto, and Vienna Artina S. "THE EFFECTS OF INSTRUCTIONAL METHOD AND LEARNING RESOURCES TOWARDS STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL." Perspektif Ilmu Pendidikan 32, no. 2 (October 10, 2018): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/pip.322.6.
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Speaking skill is affected by two factors, the internal and external factors. The two external factors are instructional methods and learning resources. The complete and incomplete learning resources will surely affect the instructional process. As well as with instructional methods, it will affect the achievement of learning objectives. This research is aimed to get the empirical data and to find out the effect of instructional method and learning resources towards students’ speaking skill at state senior high schools in Bekasi. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 and SMA Negeri 2 Sukatani-Bekasi. The total sample of this research is 40 students. The experiment was done from 17 Juli – 02 December in 2017. The technique of collecting data of instructional method and learning resources used questionnaires. Otherwise, the speaking skill was acquired from the test. The result of the research identifies there is the significant effect of instructional method and learning resources towards students speaking skill. Thus, the schools and the government should increasingly work hard in fulfillment of the completeness of learning resources and using an appropriate instructional method for the achievement of learning objectives.
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Gkogkas, Evangelos, Panagiota T. Dalla, Theodore E. Matikas, and Simeon Agathopoulos. "Influence of Silane Treatment of All-Ceramic Surfaces (e-Max) on the Cementation with Tooth Dentine." Key Engineering Materials 758 (November 2017): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.758.34.
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The influence of the treatment of the surface of IPS Empress II (e-max) glass-ceramic dental material with different silane agents on the surface roughness of this glass-ceramic was evaluated. IPS Empress II (e-max) cores were treated with five different commercial silane agents used in dentistry nowadays, for several periods of time and were finally air dried. After silanization, the surfaces of the glass-ceramic cores were observed with a light profilometer, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and an atomic force microscope (AFM). The values of surface roughness (Ra) were also measured with the light profilometer. The results showed an important effect of silane treatment applied for different periods of time, especially for prolonged treatment for 24 hours, on the surface roughness of IPS Empress II (e-max). These results can have an important impact on the deep understanding of the cementation protocols applied in modern dentistry.
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Mathias, Amanda Penha, Fernanda Midori Tsuzuki, Bruna Angélica Viana De Souza, Gissela de Souza Biguetti, Juliana Carla Zanin De Carvalho, Silvia Sbeghen Sábio, and Carina Gisele Costa Bispo. "REABILITAÇÃO ESTÉTICO FUNCIONAL COM E-MAX." Revista Uningá 55, no. 1 (March 6, 2018): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46311/2318-0579.55.euj57.
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O aumento da demanda por procedimentos estéticos tem resultado em um aumento do uso das cerâmicas dentais. Neste contexto, houve uma grande evolução dos sistemas cerâmicos, com melhora nas suas propriedades físicas e mecânicas. O sistema IPS e.Max, tem se mostrado altamente promissor, pois possibilita restaurar forma e função dentária com as características estéticas de cor, translucidez e opacidade, bio mimetizando a estrutura dentária. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar o restabelecimento do sorriso com o sistema IPS e.Max, apresentando o tratamento protético mediante a confecção de facetas, coroas totais e próteses fixas nos dentes anteriores e posteriores, juntamente com a integração da ortodontia e da periodontia para reabilitação do sorriso de maneira satisfatória. Como resultado, houve uma excelente resposta estética e funcional. Desta maneira, o e.Max se mostrou um material versátil e uma excelente alternativa restauradora, sendo fundamental na obtenção de bons resultados devido a alta estética aliada às suas excelentes propriedades mecânicas.
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Morcillo Laiz, Álvaro, and Klaus Schlichte. "Rationality and International Domination: Revisiting Max Weber." International Political Sociology 10, no. 2 (May 20, 2016): 168–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ips/olw004.
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Naliani, Silvia, Dahlia Sutanto, Angela Evelyna, and Michael Adi Hizkia. "Compressive strength and Weibull distribution of lithium disilicate dental ceramics." Makassar Dental Journal 10, no. 3 (December 13, 2021): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.35856/mdj.v10i3.447.
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Objective: To compare the compressive strength of three types of commercial lithium disilicate ceramics. Methods: Three groups of lithium disilicate ceramics (IPS e.max Press, Vintage LD Press, and Celtra Press) total of twelve cylindrical specimens (diameter 4 mm x length 6 mm) were produced by laboratory processing. The compressive strength was conducted using Shimad-zu universal testing machine with load cell F 50 kN, cross head speed of 1 mm/s. Micromorphology were observed using scan-ning electron microscope. Anova test and Weibull test were performed and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: There are no significant differences between three groups of lithium disilicate dental ceramics compressive strength (p=0.531). How-ever, IPS e.max Press group show higher compressive strength compared to the other two materials. IPS e.max Press and Vin-tage LD Press groups show significantly higher coefficient corelation than Celtra Press group. Conclusion: IPS e.max Press lithium disilicate dental ceramic have higher compressive strength compared to the other groups, but the reliability of Celtra Press is lower than those of lithium disilicate dental ceramics.
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Le Texier, Emmanuelle. "L’Amérique au miroir de la presse française." Tocqueville Review 22, no. 1 (January 2001): 139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ttr.22.1.139.
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« Chaque fois que les Français se sentent mal dans leur peau (...) ils s'en prennent à nous, et ces jours-ci, ils ont beaucoup de raisons d'être mal dans leur peau »1 avail commenté en aparté un haut fonctionnaire américain. La tencur de ces propos constitue une exception pour le lecteur de la presse quotidienne et hebdomadaire française. Il se trouve en effet beaucoup plus soumis aux représentations que se fait la France de 1’Amérique, ou plus précisément à celles des auteurs qui publient articles, éditoriaux ou tribunes libres sur les États-Unis.
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Kang, Seen-Young, Ji-Min Yu, Jun-Seok Lee, Ki-Sook Park, and Seung-Youl Lee. "Evaluation of the Milling Accuracy of Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Crowns Fabricated Using the Dental Medical Device System: A Three-Dimensional Analysis." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 21, 2020): 4680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204680.
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This study aimed to analyze the milling accuracy of lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced silicate crown fabricated using chairside computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system. Mandibular left first premolar was selected for abutment. A master model was obtained for digital impression using an intraoral scanner, and crowns were designed using a CAD software design program. Amber Mill (AM), IPS e max CAD (IPS), and CELTRA DUO (CEL) were used in the CAD/CAM system, and a total 45 crowns (15 crowns each for AM, IPS, and CEL) was fabricated. Milling accuracy was analyzed with respect to trueness, measured by superimposing CAD design data and scan data through a three-dimensional program to compare the outer and inner surfaces and internal and external parts, thereby acquiring both quantitative and qualitative data. Data were analyzed using the non-parametric test and Kruskal–Wallis H test. In addition, the Mann–Whitney U test was used by applying the level of significance (0.05/3 = 0.016) adjusted by post-analysis Bonferroni correction. All the measured parts of the lithium disilicate and zirconia-reinforced silicate crowns showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The lithium disilicate (AM and IPS) materials showed superior milling accuracy than the zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (CEL) materials.
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Deng, Bin, Juan Xu, Li Min Liang, Yuan Fu Yi, Long Quan Shao, Ning Wen, Bin Gu, Yi Han Liu, Rong Jian Lu, and Ji Hua Chen. "Comparing Study on Transmittance of Four Dental All-Ceramic Core Material." Advanced Materials Research 624 (December 2012): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.624.231.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the transmittance of four dental all-ceramic core materials at clinical recommendation thickness.Specimens with 10mm in diameter and 0.50.01mm in thickness,including IPS e.max Press,Zenostar Zirconia,Lava Zirconia and Upcera Zirconia,were fabricated.The transmittance of specimens were measured with PR2650 spectrophotometer and measurements were analysed statistically with SPSS13.0.Experimental results showed that they had significantly different transmittance.There was a decreasing order,IPS e.max Press Lava Zirconia Zenostar Zirconia Upcera Zirconia,which were 6.1136.750 for IPS e.max,1.6042.135 for Lava Zirconia,1.5782.117 for Zenostar Zirconia and 0.9951.265 for Upcera Zirconia.
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Zaki Awang Chek, Mohd, Isma Liana Ismail, and Nur Faezah Jamal. "Optimising Contribution Rate for SOCSO’s Invalidity Pension Scheme: Actuarial Present Value (APV)." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.33 (December 9, 2018): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.33.23491.
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This study proposes the optimization of the contribution rate for Social Security Organization (SOCSO)’s Invalidity Pension Scheme (IPS). This study aims to statistically analyses the current situation of the contribution fund collection and the claim benefits payment under SOCSO’s IPS. It seeks to develop an actuarial formulation based on the benefits coverage from SOCSO’s IPS. It attempts to determine an optimal contribution rate to support the benefits provided under SOCSO’s IPS using an actuarial approach. It proposes an appropriate contribution rate to be implemented by SOCSO. Currently, the contribution rate for SOCSO’s IPS is 1%, which is shared equally between employer and employee. This contribution rate is directly deducted from the employee’s monthly gross salary. This contribution rate needs to be adjusted upwards by SOCSO soon to ensure that all payments of claims are sufficiently covered. Based on the 9th Actuarial Valuation Report issued by the International Labour Organization (ILO), recent statistics show that immediate revision of contribution rate is necessary to achieve the minimum loss ratio (max 20%) in SOCSO’s IPS funding systems. In this study, the Actuarial Present Value Approach is applied to all benefits under SOCSO’s IPS. SOCSO data from 1985 until 2014 are used in this study. Seven assumptions are made in this study namely mortality rate, salary ceiling, interest rate, retirement age, increment salary rate, age entry, and salary entry. By optimizing the worst-case scenario (single simulation), this study has found that the optimal contribution rate is 2.2% rather than the current 1%. This can be attributed to the fact that since 1969, many changes have occurred in the workplace, working conditions are different and many new jobs have been created. Therefore, an Actuarial Present Value Approach with regards to actuarial modeling was conducted to optimize SOCSO’s IPS contribution rate. In conclusion, an optimal contribution rate of 2.2% should be introduced and implemented in the future as part of the efforts to reduce society’s burden whilst ensuring that adequate protection is provided to the nation’s workforce.
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Mohsen, Cherif. "Corrosion effect on the flexural strength & micro-hardness of ips e-max ceramics." Open Journal of Stomatology 01, no. 02 (2011): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojst.2011.12006.
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D'Arcangelo, C., L. Vanini, GD Rondoni, M. Vadini, and F. De Angelis. "Wear Evaluation of Prosthetic Materials Opposing Themselves." Operative Dentistry 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/16-212-l.
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SUMMARY The purpose of the present in vitro study was to compare the two-body wear resistance of a type 3 gold alloy (Aurocast8), two lithium disilicate glass ceramics (IPS e.max CAD and IPS e.max Press), a heat-pressed feldspathic porcelain (Cerabien ZR Press), an yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramic (Katana Zirconia ML), and three heat-cured composite resins (Ceram.X Universal, Enamel Plus Function, and Enamel Plus HRi) opposing antagonistic cusps made out of the same restorative materials. Ten 6-mm-thick samples and 10 cusp-shaped abraders were manufactured with each test material (n=10) according to standard laboratory procedures. All sample/antagonist pairs made out of the same material were subjected to a two-body wear test in a dual-axis chewing simulator for up to 120,000 loading cycles. The total vertical wear (mm) and the total volumetric loss (mm3) for each sample/antagonist pair were calculated. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance tests. The total vertical wear for the gold alloy was not significantly different compared to Ceram.X Universal, Enamel Plus Function, IPS e.max CAD, and Cerabien ZR Press. Significantly increased wear values were observed for Enamel Plus HRi and IPS e.max Press. The lowest values for total vertical wear and volumetric loss were recorded on the monolithic zirconia.
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Fehmi; ÖZTAŞ, GÖNÜLDAŞ. "Farklı kendinden adeziv yapıştırma simanlarının IPS e-max cam seramik restorasyonların mikrosızıntı değerleri üzerine etkisi." Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 41, no. 2 (2014): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1501/dishek_0000000198.
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Trindade, FZ, CJ Kleverlaan, LH da Silva, AJ Feilzer, PF Cesar, MA Bottino, and LF Valandro. "Ceramic Inlays: Effect of Mechanical Cycling and Ceramic Type on Restoration-dentin Bond Strength." Operative Dentistry 41, no. 4 (July 1, 2016): E102—E117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/14-155-l.
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SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the bond strength between dentin and five different ceramic inlays in permanent maxillary premolars, with and without mechanical cycling. One hundred permanent maxillary premolars were prepared and divided into 10 groups (n=10) according to the ceramic system (IPS e.Max Press; IPS e.Max CAD; Vita PM9; Vita Mark II; and Vita VM7) and the mechanical cycling factor (with and without [100 N, 2 Hz, 1.2×106 cycles]). The inlays were adhesively cemented, and all of the specimens were cut into microbars (1×1 mm, nontrimming method), which were tested under microtensile loading. The failure mode was classified and contact angle, roughness, and microtopographic analyses were performed on each ceramic surface. The mechanical cycling had a significant effect (p=0.0087) on the bond strength between dentin and IPS e.max Press. The Vita Mark II group had the highest bond strength values under both conditions, with mechanical cycling (9.7±1.8 MPa) and without (8.2±1.9 MPa), while IPS e.Max CAD had the lowest values (2.6±1.6 and 2.2±1.4, respectively). The adhesive failure mode at the ceramic/cement interface was the most frequent. Vita Mark II showed the highest value of average roughness. IPS e.max Press and Vita Mark II ceramics presented the lowest contact angles. In conclusion, the composition and manufacturing process of ceramics seem to have an influence on the ceramic surface and resin cement bond strength. Mechanical cycling did not cause significant degradation on the dentin and ceramic bond strength under the configuration used.
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Yu, Zhuo-Li, Xiao-Jie Xu, and Xiang-Dong Li. "A Study on White Dwarf Masses in Cataclysmic Variables Based on XMM-Newton and Suzaku Observations." Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 22, no. 4 (March 17, 2022): 045003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/ac4e01.
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Abstract The distribution of the mass of white dwarfs (WDs) is one of the fundamental questions in the field of cataclysmic variables (CVs). In this work, we make a systematical investigation on the WD masses in two subclass of CVs: intermediate polars (IPs) and non-magnetic CVs in the solar vicinity based on the flux ratios of Fe xxvi–Lyα to Fe xxv–Heα emission lines (I 7.0/I 6.7) from archival XMM-Newton and Suzaku observations. We first verify the (semi-empirical) relations between I 7.0/I 6.7, the maximum emission temperature (T max) and the WD mass (M WD) with the mkcflow model based on the apec description and the latest AtomDB. We then introduce a new spectral model to measure M WD directly based on the above relations. A comparison shows that the derived M WD is consistent with dynamically measured ones. Finally, we obtain the average WD masses of 58 CVs (including 36 IPs and 22 non-magnetic CVs), which is the largest X-ray selected sample. The average WD masses are 〈M WD,IP〉 = 0.81 ± 0.21 M ⊙ and 〈 M WD , DN 〉 = 0.81 ± 0.21 M ⊙ for IPs and non-magnetic CVs, respectively. These results are consistent with previous works.
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Salem, Amna, and Cherif Mohsen. "Atomic Force Microscope Surface Roughness Analysis of Surface Treated Ceramics." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, no. D (August 15, 2020): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4523.
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AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of two types of ceramic after different surface treatments using an atomic force microscope (AFM).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred sixty disks were fabricated of the two types of ceramic eighty disks of lithium disilicate (LD) (IPS e. max computer-aided design [CAD]) and eighty disks of hybrid ceramic (VITA Suprinity pc). Disks were subdivided into four groups according to the surface treatment (n = 20). Eighty disks of (IPS e. max CAD) were subdivided into LD I: control (no treatment), LD II: Sandblasting (Al2O3, 50 μm particle size), LD III: Hydrofluoric acid etching, and LD IV: Tribochemical surface treatment. Eighty disks of (VITA Suprinity pc) were subdivided into HD I: control (no treatment), HD II: Sandblasting (Al2O3, 50 μm particle size), HD III: Hydrofluoric acid etching, and HD IV: Tribochemical surface treatment. Then, surface treated disks surface roughness was analyzed by AFM (ThermoMicroscope, Bruker, Santa Barbara, CA, USA). The results were analyzed using SPSS program software version 25. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test with significance level 0.05.
RESULTS: Tribochemical surface treatment groups of both types of ceramic L.D IV (279 ± 147 nm) and H.D IV (269.8 ± 142.2 nm) had the highest mean Ra values followed by surface abrasion with Al2O3 50 μ; L.D II (265.5 ± 140 nm), H.D II (204.5 ± 107.7 nm), hydrofluoric acid etching then control groups.
CONCLUSION: Different surface treatments increased surface roughness significantly for both types of ceramic.
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Shi, Guang, Juan Xu, Li Min Liang, Yuan Fu Yi, Long Quan Shao, Ning Wen, Bin Gu, Yi Han Liu, Rong Jian Lu, and Bin Deng. "A Comparative Study on Relative Translucency of Four Dental All-Ceramic Core Materials." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 392–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.392.
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The aim of this study were to compare the relative translucency of four dental all-ceramic core materialsIPS e.max Press,Zenostar,Lava Zirconia and Upcera Zirconia.All core materials were fabricated into samples at the diameter of 10mm and the thickness of 0.50.02mm.The relative translucency of samples were determined with color difference meter and analysed with SPSS 13.0 software.It was showed that the relative translucency of 4 all-ceramic core materials were statistically different.There was a decreasing order of their relative translucency,IPS e.max PressLava Zirconia ZenostarUpcera Zirconia.IPS e.max Press has the hightest translucency,and it was advisably used to restore anterior tooth.Upcera Zirconia was the most opaque of 4 all-ceramic core materials,and it was suitable for post tooth.
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Sahraoui, Nina. "Midwives and Humanitarian Bureaucracy: Managing Migration at a Postcolonial Border." International Political Sociology 15, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 272–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ips/olab001.
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Abstract Drawing on Foucauldian biopolitics, Max Weber's and Hannah Arendt's understandings of bureaucracy, and Achille Mbembe's theoretical insights into necropolitical power, I propose the notion of humanitarian bureaucracy to account for the involvement of medical personnel in the summary deportations of pregnant Comorian women in Mayotte, a French overseas department in the Indian Ocean. In addition to their usual consultations, hospital midwives are asked to assess the health of pregnant women arrested at sea in order to state whether they can be lawfully detained, while deportations happen within hours owing to the specificities of this postcolonial migration regime. The notion of humanitarian bureaucracy traces how a series of bureaucratic acts, duly sanctioned by qualified professionals, performs a minimal and fragmented biopolitical surveillance that neutralizes the question of responsibility and rejects the racialized Other into a liminal space between failing to “make live” and avoiding to “let die.” The article argues that humanitarian bureaucracy represents an ambivalent power, stemming from biopolitics yet producing necropolitics through processes of racialization. The article draws on three months of fieldwork conducted in Mayotte in 2017 and analyzes midwives’ discourses and bureaucratic practices as materialized by the medical certificates they deliver in the context of these assessments.
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Lu, Rong Jian, Cheng Long Wang, Juan Xu, Yuan Fu Yi, Long Quan Shao, Ning Wen, Bin Gu, Yi Han Liu, and Bin Deng. "Comparing Study on Translucency of Four Veneered Dental All-Ceramic Core Materials." Advanced Materials Research 624 (December 2012): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.624.235.
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This study aimed to compare the translucency of four veneered dental all-ceramic core materials,including IPS e.max Press,Zenostar,Lava Zirconia and Upcera Zirconia.All specimens were fabricated at 10mm in diameter and 1.00.01mm in thickness.The translucency of specimens were measured with color difference meter and measurements were statistically analysed with SPSS 13.0. Experimental results showed that their translucency had significant difference,the order of relative translucency from high to low was IPS e.max PressLava ZirconiaZenostarUpcera Zirconia.IPS e.max Press which has good optical effect may be preferable for restoring anterior tooth with higher translucent. As for relatively opaque posterior tooth,Upcera Zirconia may be advisable.
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Gallamini, Andrea, Alessandro Rambaldi, Caterina Patti, Alessandra Romano, Simonetta Viviani, Bolis Silvia, Oppi Silvia, et al. "Lesion Dissemination in Baseline PET/CT (D-MAX) and IPS Score Predict ABVD Treatment Outcome in PET-2 Negative Advanced-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Enrolled in the Prospective GITIL/FIL HD0607 Trial." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 2443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-152292.
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Abstract Background: Despite its high overall accuracy in predicting ABVD outcome in advanced stage Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL), interim PET performed after 2 chemotherapy cycles (PET-2) showed a sub-optimal negative predictive value (PV) on treatment response. In fact, PET-2 negative patients (p.) treated with six ABVD cycles in four prospective trials (RATHL, GITIL/FIL HD 0607, SWOG 0816 and Echelon-1), showed a 3-Y PFS ranging between 79% to 87%, even declining to 74% after a 5-year follow-up (Stephens 2019). A high Total Metabolic Tumor Volume (TMTV) calculated in baseline PET (cutoff value 471 ml.) , along with a high IPS (≥2) proved able to identify a small p. subset (7%) of PET-2 neg. p. with a 3-Y PFS of only 56% (Gallamini 16° ICML, 2021). A new TMTV-derived parameter aimed to image tumor spread, the tumor distance (DMAX), proved able to predict ABVD outcome in a retrospective series of HL p. from a single center (Durmo, 16° ICML 2021). We report here the PV on ABVD outcome of DMAX combined with IPS in a large cohort of PET-2 negative p. prospectively enrolled in the HD0607 clinical trial. Methods: Out of 783 p. with advanced HL (IIB-IVB) included in the HD0607 clinical trial (NCT00795613), 630 (81%) of them with both negative PET-2 and end-of therapy PET, were randomly assigned to no further therapy or consolidation radiotherapy over the area of a large nodal mass detected at baseline. A single experienced nuclear medicine physician calculated DMAX and TMTV in 331 out of 630 (52%) PET-2 negative p. in which the baseline PET images were available for review. Three different tumor segmentation methods for TMTV computing were chosen, with (1) a relative threshold of 41% of SUVmax in each lesion, (2) a fixed threshold of SUV=2.5 or (3) of SUV=4. DMAX was calculated as the maximum distance among any pixel of the tumor belonging to any lesions in the body. Results: The demographics of the 331 p. included in the present study and of the overall cohort of 630 PET-2 negative p. were: median age 31 (14-60) Vs. 31 (14-60), M/F ratio 0.86 Vs. 0.89; WHO Performance Status 0-1 91.5% Vs. 91.4%; B-symptoms 81.8 Vs. 81.1%; Stage IIB, III and IV 35.0, 35.0, 29.9, Vs.36.3, 33.0 and 30.0%; IPS 0-1 39.3 Vs. 39.8%, IPS 2-3 48.3 Vs. 49.4%, IPS >3 12.4 Vs. 10.6%, Bulky 18.1 Vs. 17.9%. No difference in 6-y PFS was found for p. randomized to NFT or cRT (p=.48; Gallamini JCO 2020). After a median follow-up of 40.6 (4.8-87.2) months, the 3-Y PFS for the 331 p. included in the present analysis and for all the 630 PET-2 negative p. was 84% (95% CI 81% to 87%) and 87% (95% CI, 84% to 89%), respectively. Treatment failure was recorded in 51/331 (15.4%) and 81/627 (12.9%), respectively. Based on a ROC analysis the three different segmentation methods for MTV computing proved to be equivalent (AUC values 0.620-0.525) and hence the 41% threshold was chosen for consistency with previous works. Median and average DMAX values were 12.5 cm. and 15.3 cm. The most accurate cutoff value for DMAX to predict treatment outcome (3-Y PFS) was 16.2 cm., with an AUC of 0.62 (95% CI 0.53-0.70). With this cutoff value DMAX was able to identify two cohorts of patients with a statistically different 3y-PFS: 90% (CI 85-93%) and 76% (95% CI 69-85%), p < 0.001. In multivariate analysis (Cox regression model) including all the above demographics and clinical parameters, as well as TMTV and DMX, only DMAX turned out significant in predicting relapse, with a HR of 1.46 (95% CI1.06-2.01), p=0.02. Upon combining DMAX (higher or lower than 16.2 cm.) and IPS (0-1 Vs. ≥2) in a two-factor predictive model, three categories of p. with a statistically different treatment outcome (P < 0.0001) have been identified: (1) both low DMAX and low IPS, N =30 (9%), 3-Y PFS 100% (95% CI 96-100); (2) either high DMAX and low IPS or high IPS and low DMAX, N= 198 (60%); 3-Y PFS 88% (95% CI 83-93), and (3) both high DMAX and IPS, N= 103 (31%); 3-Y PFS 72% (95% CI 65-82), p<0.0001. Conclusions: DMAX and IPS combined in a predictive model were able to single out three classes of PET-2 negative p. with a statistically different ABVD outcome. P. with a high MTV and a high DMAX, accounting for nearly one-third of p. included in the study, showed the highest risk of failing ABVD, with only 72% of them sustaining a long-term disease control at three years, thus deserving a more aggressive or innovative treatment. The remaining two-thirds had a very good outcome, with a 3-y PFS of 90%, thus stressing that ABVD could remain the standard of care for most PET-2 negative p. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Lu, Rong Jian, Cheng Long Wang, Jing Cai Zou, Yuan Fu Yi, Long Quan Shao, Ning Wen, Bin Gu, Yi Han Liu, and Bin Deng. "Effect of Post-Core Materials on the Color Value of Four Dental All-Ceramic Cores." Key Engineering Materials 544 (March 2013): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.544.396.
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The aim of this study were to compare the color value of four kinds of dental all-ceramic cores (IPS e.max Press,Zenostar,Lava Zirconia and Upcera Zirconia) on three different post-core materials.All-ceramic core materials were made into samples at the diameter of 10mm and the thickness of 0.50.02mm.Their color value on the post-core material of noble metal,Co-Cr alloy and resin were respectively determined with chromatism instrument.It was showed that the color value of four all-ceramic cores were statistically different.IPS e.max Press was most obviously affected by post-core materials,while Upcera Zirconia the weakest.Lava Zirconia and Zenostar were influenced to a certain degree.In conclusion,non-mental post-core was preferable for IPS e.max Press,Upcera Zirconia was fit for any post-core materials.
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PIETRZYKOWSKI, ADAM. "Między postprawdą a (pseudo)mądrością tłumu – o epistemicznej pułapce cyfrowych mediów i analogowych kompetencjach jako środkach jej uniknięcia." Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, no. 23 (December 15, 2018): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.23.04.
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Adam Pietrzykowski, Między post-prawdą a (pseudo)mądrością tłumu – o epistemicznej pułapce cyfrowych mediów i analogowych kompetencjach jako środkach jej uniknięcia [Between post-truth and (pseudo)wisdom of the crowds – on epistemic trap of digital media and analog competences as means of avoiding it]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 23, Poznań 2018. Pp. 77-91. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.23.04
In the modern world, truth has become an anachronistic value. At the same time, hopes associated with its restitution by the networked crowd have proved futile. The growing dominance of audiovisual media inevitably leads to the formation of a new man, driven more by affection than rationality. Phenomena such as secondary illiteracy, language depletion and the rise of populism are signs of this process. The development of media literacy suggested by theoreticians of education may be an insufficient remedy for the indicated civilization problem. The solution may be returning to basic competences shaped, in particular, by philosophical education, which may become the proper medium for restoring critical reason in society.
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Almoualimy, Ahlam, Yew Hsu Zenn, Jasmina Qamaruz Zaman, Norziha Yahaya, and Andanastuti Muchtar. "Bonding Stability of a Novel Nano-Zirconia and Commercial Veneering Ceramics." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 33, no. 4 (November 30, 2021): 1069–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2021-33(4)-30.
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Nano-zirconia is commonly used in dentistry as a framework material over which feldspathic porcelain is layered to form an aesthetic and strong bi-layered restoration. Sufficient bonding strength between zirconia frameworks and veneering porcelains is crucial for the longevity of zirconia-based dental restorations. This study aims to determine the shear bond strength (SBS) of a colloidal-processed slip-casted novel nano-zirconia (NZ) and veneering ceramics, namely Cercon® Ceram Kiss (CK), VITA VM®9 (VM9), and IPS e.max® Ceram (e. max). Twenty-four cylindrical samples of each NZ and CZ were prepared and veneered with the veneering ceramics. Six groups of core–veneer assemblies, which are denoted as NZ-CK, NZ-VM9, NZ-e. max, CZ-CK, CZ-VM9, and CZ-e. max, were prepared for shear bond testing using the universal testing machine. Results of the shear test showed that NZ-VM9 recorded the highest shear strength value of 149.48 MPa, whereas NZ e. max showed the lowest SBS value of 71.56 MPa. A similar trend was also observed in the CZ groups, with the highest mean bonding strength (123.38 MPa) when bonded to VM9 (CZ-VM9), while the lowest mean value (44.07 MPa) was registered by the CZ-e. max groups. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that groups with high core–veneer bond strength values mostly displayed cohesive failure. By contrast, a mixed-mode of adhesive and cohesive failures was observed in the low SBS groups. The NZ showed similar performance based on the bonding property analysis. Therefore, NZ could potentially be used as an alternative to CZ.
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Brandt, Silvia, Anna Winter, Hans-Christoph Lauer, Fritz Kollmar, Soo-Jeong Portscher-Kim, and Georgios Romanos. "IPS e.max for All-Ceramic Restorations: Clinical Survival and Success Rates of Full-Coverage Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures." Materials 12, no. 3 (February 2, 2019): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030462.
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The IPS e.max system by Ivoclar Vivadent, offering a variety of products and indications, is widely used for all-ceramic restorations. We analyzed the clinical track record of these products in daily clinical practice, associating their restorative survival rate with various parameters to define recommendations for long-term stability. A total of 1058 full-coverage crowns and fixed partial dentures (FPDs) were evaluated retrospectively over up to 66.48 (37.05 ± 18.4) months. All were made of IPS e.max Press, IPS e.max CAD, IPS e.max Ceram or IPS e.max ZirPress and had been delivered by a private dental practice within three years. Uses not recommended by the manufacturer were also deliberately included. The five-year cumulative survival was 94.22% (i.e., 94.69% or 90.58% for glass-ceramic crowns or FDPs and 100% or 90.06% for zirconia-based crowns or FDPs). Significantly superior outcomes emerged for conventional vs. adhesive cementation and for vital vs. non-vital abutment teeth, but not for recommended vs. non-recommended uses. Caution is required in restoring non-vital teeth, but the spectrum of recommended uses should generally be reconsidered and expanded, given our finding of high survival and success rates for IPS e.max ceramics, even for uses not currently recommended by the manufacturer.
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Deng, Bin, Juan Xu, Guang Shi, Li Min Liang, Yuan Fu Yi, Long Quan Shao, Ning Wen, Bin Gu, Yi Han Liu, and Ji Hua Chen. "Comparative Measurement on Transmittance of Four Systems of Dental All-Ceramic Zirconia Materials." Advanced Materials Research 833 (November 2013): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.833.185.
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This study aims to investigate the difference on transmittance of four systems of dental all-ceramic zirconia materials which are at clinical required thickness,IPS e.max Press used as control.All-ceramic zirconia specimens containing Zenostar,Lava,Cercon and Upcera,are fabricated into discs with 10mm in diameter and 0.5±0.01mm in thickness.The transmittance of disc specimens are measured by using PR2650 spectrophotometer and the measurements are conducted statistical analysis with software SPSS13.Experimental results reveal that the transmittances of four systems of zirconia materials are significantly different.Their transmittances decrease in sequence of IPS e.max Press ,Zenostar,Lava,Cercon and Upcera zirconia.Zenostar and Lava Zirconia,which have good optical effects,possess ideal restorative materials for anterior teeth with higher transmittance.
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Rodríguez-Pérez, Manuel Antonio, Manuel Alcaraz-Ibáñez, Daniel Lorente-Camacho, and Amador García-Ramos. "Does the level of effort during resistance training influence arterial stiffness and blood pressure in young healthy adults?" Isokinetics and Exercise Science 28, no. 4 (October 22, 2020): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ies-202154.
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BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular response to resistance training is influenced by different variables such as intensity and volume. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of resistance training sessions differing in level of effort on blood pressure and arterial stiffness. METHODS: Thirty-two men performed 3 sets at 75% of 1-RM during the bench press and squat exercises to failure (n= 16; high-effort group), or performing half of the maximum possible number of repetitions per set (n= 16; low-effort group). Blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], and mean arterial pressure [MAP]) and arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) were measured before training (Pre), immediately after training (Post 1), 5 minutes after training (Post 2), and 24 hours after training (Post 3). RESULTS: A main effect of time (p⩽ 0.012) was observed for all variables due to higher values at Post 1 compared to Post 2 (effect size [ES] range: 0.34–1.37) and Post 3 (ES range: 0.37–0.92). When compared to Pre, increases higher than a ES of 0.20 were observed for the high-effort group compared to the low-effort group at all time points. CONCLUSIONS: Training to failure should be discouraged to avoid acute increases in blood pressure and arterial stiffness.
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Byrne, Angela. "This road of mine. By Seosamh Mac Grianna, transl. Mícheál Ó hAodha. Pp 232. Dublin: Lilliput Press. 2020. €15." Irish Historical Studies 45, no. 168 (November 2021): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ihs.2021.44.
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Drancourt, Noémie, Emmanuel Nicolas, Jean-Luc Veyrune, and Marion Bessadet. "Comprehensive CAD/CAM Prosthetic Rehabilitation Management in a Young Patient with Agenesis: A Case Report." Healthcare 10, no. 2 (February 17, 2022): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020382.
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With the advancement in ceramic restorations bonded to the tooth structure, the treatment has become a practicable and conservative option to restore teeth with shape alteration owing to the high demand for aesthetics, with minimum tooth preparation. This article describes the case of a 25-year-old man who was dissatisfied with his smile. After an assessment of the clinical situation, a decision was made to place a full-mouth prosthodontic rehabilitation (monolithic lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, IPS E-max CAD) with minimal tooth preparation, which figures as a conservative full-coverage approach. The restoration of an aesthetic smile resulted in the patient’s satisfaction. Bonding of all monolithic veenerlay and crowns onto minimally prepared teeth figures as conservative treatment in cases of hypodontia.
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Chhotray, Vasudha. "Book review: Max Liboiron. 2021. Pollution is Colonialism." Contributions to Indian Sociology 55, no. 3 (October 2021): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00699667211068450.
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KAISER, IZABELLA. "The careers of graduates of special schools – different faces of adulthood among people with mild intellectual disabilities." Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, no. 25 (June 15, 2019): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.25.11.
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Izabella Kaiser, The careers of graduates of special schools – different faces of adulthood among people with mild intellectual disabilities. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 25, Poznań 2019. Pp. 255-273. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.25.11
The source literature lacks a precise vision of an adult with an intellectual disability. The dominant view, in which the life of people with intellectual disabilities is perceived, is the indication of health, architectonic, employment, and educational barriers, or of the lowered social competencies required for the proper fulfilment of social roles. Is that right? The fates of the graduates of one of the special schools in Poznań, are an attempt to answer that. The subjects include both professionally active and unemployed graduates, women who have established families, and fulfil the roles mothers and wives, as well as, an adult man receiving pension benefits. The stories of Justyna, Patryk, Ania and Kamil, prove that people with mild intellectual disabilities consider vocational work as one of the basic attributes of adulthood. Simultaneously, they imply the need for urgent changes in special vocational education, aimed at minimising the observed discrepancies between the vocational competencies acquired by people with disabilities, and their fitness regarding the modern labour market. The fates of two adult women, Beata and Magda, confirm thatmarriage and family are values held in high regard, remaining an important aspect in the life plans of people with intellectual disabilities. Szymon’s story is an example of a man who, due to somatic disorders accompanying intellectual disabilities, and the overprotective attitude of his parents, is unable to act as a fully mature person. Therefore, the adulthood of persons with mild intellectual disabilities has manyfaces. It seems important to monitor the situation of special school graduates systematically, as, in the constantly changing reality, it will allow them, to be more rationally prepared for the fulfilment of their social life.
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Syahbandi, M. Riski Syahbandi. "DJOK MENTAYA'S BIOGRAPHIC VALUE (1939-1994) AS A SOURCE OF LEARNING IPS." JURNAL SOCIUS 11, no. 1 (April 15, 2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/js.v11i1.9534.
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Huzai Junus Djok Mentaya is a press figure in South Kalimantan. He started his career as an Editor at the Student's pulpit, the campus newspaper as the mouthpiece for WE at Lambung Mangkurat University in the 1960s. And he was active in the student/Tritura movement in South Kalimantan to overthrow the Old Order and the PKI in 1966 and was a member of 66 activists. Until he founded the largest print media in Banjarmasin, namely the Banjarmasin Post which was founded on August 2, 1971. With his determination and hard work, the press continued to progress and develop. fast. The end result of his struggle, Djok Mentaya, has his name enshrined on a street in Banjarmasin, to commemorate and honor his services. This study explains the biography and describes the value of Djok Mentaya as a press figure in South Kalimantan. And describes efforts to make values as a source of social studies learning.This study uses historical and descriptive qualitative research methods.The results of the study show that the figure of Djok Mentaya has a value ofcourage, unyielding and willing to sacrifice, hard work, so that later it is used as a social studies learning resource and integrated into the social studies learning process.
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Foad, Ahmed Mohsen, Amina Hamdy, Ghada Abd el Fatah, and Ahmad Aboelfadl. "Influence of CAD/CAM Material and Preparation Design on the Long-term Fracture Resistance of Endocrowns Restoring Maxillary Premolars." Brazilian Dental Science 23, no. 4 (September 30, 2020): 9p. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2020.v23i4.2060.
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Objective: To evaluate the effect of different occlusal preparation designs and CAD/CAM materials on the fracture resistance of maxillary premolars endcrowns. Materials and Methods: sixty-four endodontically treated upper first premolars were randomly divided into four groups according to ceramic materials (Vita Enamic and IPS emax CAD) and occlusal preparation designs (Anatomical and horizontal butt joint). After teeth preparation, the restorations were all made by CAD/CAM system (Cerec MCXL). Half of each group had undergone cyclic fatigue testing of 105 cycles with 50N loading force at a frequency of 0.5Hz in a mechatronic chewing simulator machine, and then all samples were loaded to fracture using a universal testing machine with a cross head speed of 0.5mm/min recording the fracture resistance values in N . The specimens were measured and statistically analyzed using using three-way analyses of variance (ANOVA), followed by serial two-way and one-way ANOVAs at each level of the study. P-values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using BENFORRONI correction and the significance level was set at P ? 0.05 for all tests. Results: Vita Enamic endocrowns showed higher fracture resistance values than IPS e max specimens. Conclusions: Vita Enamic endocrowns with anatomical preparations were found to be more favourable restoring endodontically treated maxillary premolars. KEYWORDSEndocrowns; All-Ceramic; Fracture; Cyclic loading; CAD/CAM
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Cinar, Sevki, Bike Altan, and Gokhan Akgungor. "Comparison of Bond Strength of Monolithic CAD-CAM Materials to Resin Cement Using Different Surface Treatment Methods." Journal of Advanced Oral Research 10, no. 2 (August 29, 2019): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2320206819862062.
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Objective: To compare the bond strength of monolithic CAD-CAM materials to resin cement using different surface treatment methods. Materials and Methods: Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e-max CAD), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (Vita Suprinity), resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate), and hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic) were used. Five groups of CAD-CAM blocks were treated as follows: control (C), HF etching (HF), HF etching + silanization (HF + S), sandblasting (SB), and sandblasting + silanization (SB + S). After surface treatments, SEM analyses were conducted. Specimens were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Theracem) and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured, and failure types were categorized. Results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between SBS values obtained for different surface treatments and CAD-CAM block types ( P < .001). Among the CAD-CAM materials, the highest SBS was reported in the HF + S group for Vita Enamic. Although IPS e.max CAD, Vita Suprinity, and Vita Enamic showed higher bond strength when treated with HF + S, Lava Ultimate has the highest bond strength value when treated with SB + S. Conclusions: The bond strength of CAD-CAM materials was influenced by surface treatment. Additionally, silanization significantly improved the bond strength of all materials except Lava Ultimate.
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MCCALL and DANSON. "Max and Mr. McCall Revisited: Halcyon Days at the Ballantyne Press." Princeton University Library Chronicle 49, no. 1 (1987): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26404211.
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Teixeira da Silva, José Manuel. "Liberdade de Imprensa, Censura e Dominação na Crítica de Max Stirner." Philosophica: International Journal for the History of Philosophy 21, no. 41 (2013): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philosophica201321415.
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Freedom of the press is one of the most visible comerstones of a Democratic State, as well as a consensual requisite for it. Nevertheless, for Max Stirner, this gesture of demanding so cherished by political liberalism is the very negation of freedom. Freedom is neither a gift nor a concession or permission granted by the State. Freedom of the press only becomes accessible through conquest and appropriation, becoming the individual ownership as it is claimed by him. Nowadays, everyone in the developed world has at his disposal the force and means to become the owner of the freedom of the press, as Max Stimer stated. More than two centuries after Stimer’s claim, Publishing in the interactive web meets the conditions established by him for a full exercise of the freedom of press.
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De Carvalho, Rodrigo Furtado, Fernando Luiz Goulart Cruz, Debora Pinto Antunes, Evane Gonçalves Toledo Júnior, Luiz Fernando Cappa De Oliveira, Marcos Vinícius Queiroz De Paula, and Karina Lopes Devito. "In vitro analysis of dental ceramics: evaluation of the radiopacity and chemical composition by raman spectroscopy." Brazilian Dental Science 21, no. 2 (April 19, 2018): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2018.v21i2.1504.
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<p><strong>Objective</strong>: This study compared the radiopacity of different ceramic systems by means of digital radiographs and evaluate the chemical composition of the samples by Raman spectroscopy. <strong>Material and Methods</strong>: The hypothesis tested was that there was a difference in radiopacity among the tested materials. Specimens were prepared for each ceramic tested: FLD - VM7 (VITA Zahnfabrik), LD - IPS Empress e.max Press (IPS Empress), AL - In Ceram Alumina (VITA Zahnfabrik), ALYZ - In Ceram Zirconia (VITA Zahnfabrik), YZ - Lava All Ceram (3M/ESPE), and MYZ - Zirconzahn (Talladium Brazil). The specimens were radiographed and submitted to radiographic density readings using a histogram tool. The spectrometer coupled to a petrographic microscope was used for Raman spectroscopy measurements. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey post-hoc test were used to compare radiopacity of the different materials. <strong>Results</strong>: For all tested materials, the radiopacity showed statistically significant differences, except YZ and MYZ. Lava All Ceram and ZirkonZahn had high radiopacity values and VM7 and IPS Empress e.max Press showed lower radiopacity than human dental structures. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: It was possible to conclude that radiopacity is closely linked to ceramic chemical composition.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Dental ceramics; Radiopacity; Raman spectroscopy test; Restorative dentistry.</p>
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Pierson, Michele. "The Aesthetics of Action Film-making." Cultural Studies Review 10, no. 1 (September 13, 2013): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/csr.v10i1.3553.
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Abou-Steit, Sameh, Jylan ElGuindy, and Amina Zaki. "Evaluation of patient satisfaction and shade matching of Vita Suprinity versus lithium disilicate (E-max) ceramic crowns in the esthetic zone: a randomized controlled clinical trial." F1000Research 8 (April 3, 2019): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.18337.1.
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Background: Optical impairments of teeth in the esthetic zone constitute a problem for many dentists and patients as several studies concluded that patients were dissatisfied of their dental appearance because of their restorations' color. The purpose of this study was to assess patient satisfaction combined with shade matching of VITA SUPRINITY versus lithium disilicate (IPS e-max CAD) all-ceramic crowns in esthetic zone. Methods: 26 patients with teeth problems indicated for full coverage restoration on one tooth in the esthetic zone (from upper central incisor to 1st premolar) were randomized into 2 equal groups (n=13) for which different CAD-CAM ceramic materials were used; (VITA SUPRINITY) a zirconia reinforced lithium silicate ceramic and (IPS e.max CAD) lithium disilicate glass ceramic. The crowns were fabricated to match the shade of the contra-lateral/ adjacent tooth and assessed using the modified USPHS criteria. Also patient satisfaction was assessed. The data obtained by evaluating each assessment criteria were statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test that was performed in categorical data. Results: According to the modified USPHS criteria, 100% of the patients were Alpha score with 0% for Bravo, Charlie and Delta scores in both groups. While according to the visual analogue scale (VAS), 100% of the patients were satisfied while 0% were dissatisfied by the restoration in both groups. Conclusions: The results for both materials in terms of patient satisfaction and shade matching were Alpha. This indicated that both materials are clinically accepted to be used as full coverage restorations for excellent esthetic outcome. Registration: NCT0284611.
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Alrabeah, Ghada, Sara Shabib, Rhma Almomen, Nura Alhedeithi, Sarah Alotaibi, and Syed Rashid Habib. "Effect of Home Bleaching on the Optical Properties and Surface Roughness of Novel Aesthetic Dental Ceramics." Coatings 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020330.
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The optical qualities of cutting-edge aesthetic dental ceramics are crucial for great aesthetics and may be impacted by various bleaching methods. The objectives of this study were to evaluate how home bleaching affected the translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), total color difference (ΔE), and surface roughness (Ra) of various aesthetic dental ceramics, including innovative ultra-translucent zirconia. The three varieties of ceramics that were tested—IPS e.max-Press (IPS); classic zirconia with feldspathic layering (LZr); and translucent zirconia (TZr)—were each represented by seven samples. The samples were bleached at home using 15% carbamide peroxide for six hours a day for seven days. Each specimen’s pre- and post-bleaching CIE L*a*b* values were measured using a spectrophotometer, and the TP, CR, and ΔE were determined. Ra values were measured via 3D profilometry. In comparison to the pre-stage results, statistical analysis showed a significant decrease in TP and increase in CR for LZr and TZr in the post-stage (p < 0.05), but not for IPS (p = 0.398). The results also showed substantial variations in ΔE for the three ceramics (p = 0.020). Ra readings during the post-stage were noticeably greater than those at the pre-stage (p = 0.018). Home bleaching had an impact on the optical characteristics and surface texture of the dental ceramics. Additionally, IPS had greater color stability than LZr and TZr.