Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'IPC device'
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Louison, Charles Davidson. "A biomedical device business plan for Medicraften Devices Inc. to develop a fluid medication dispenser." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36730.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 32).
This thesis surrounds an analysis to understand what it would take for a company to successfully launch a prescription fluid dispensing device. This device would in theory be able to dispense medication at any time daily in correspondence to a patient's prescription. This thesis does not surround the actual development of a prototype, but gives a clear background into its technology. Other areas of research in this report include potential alliances and acquisitions of this company. This report gives a background into the target market, how the market will benefit from this device, and who the potential competitors of this device could be. Also explored are a potential advisory board for this company and how staff will be organized. Although the people on the advisory board and company's staff do exist, they are not actually involved in the conception of the thesis' device. This thesis uses techniques learned in management, engineering, and biomedical enterprise courses at MIT to give a real world case of how an effective biomedical device company can be formed and effectively managed.
by Charles Davidson Louison.
S.B.
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Alley, Krista I. "Defining the Industrial Designer's Role in the ISO/IEC 62366 Standard." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397235614.
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Mohdzaini, Jefri 1976. "The characterization of the Analog Devices Inc. (ADI) magnetometer." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86535.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-46).
by Jefri Mohdzaini.
M.Eng.
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Alemayehu, Andargachew Desta. "Microwave Frequency Thin BST Film Based Tunable Shunt and Series Interdigital Capacitor Device Design." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1304558851.
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Burchell, Stephen Michael. "Investigations of mixed-gas plasmas using a sheathing device for ICP-MS." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0020/MQ52880.pdf.
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Li, Heli. "RF LOW PASS FILTER DESIGN AND FABRICATION USING INTEGRATED PASSIVE DEVICE TECHNOLOGY." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4340.
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In this thesis, the whole process of design a low pass filter (LPF) for the wireless communication application has been presented. Integrated passive device technology based on GaAs substrate has been utilized to make the LPF. Schematic simulation and electromagnetic simulations are extensively used in the design process. EM simulation is used in the selection of layout design and processing parameters for design optimization of both the inductors and IPD harmonic filters. The effective use of EM simulation enables us to realize the successful development of high performance harmonic filters. To make the optimization be more flexible and also for a deeper understanding of the optimization theory, optimization using genetic algorithm is also implemented. The weight of each targets are adjustable, and a non-uniformly distributed goal for the harmonic rejection range is introduced to achieve better optimization results. The embedded LPF is built and measurement results show good agreement with the simulation data. This kind of very compact, high performance harmonic filters can be used in radio transceiver front-end modules. The realized harmonic filters have insertion loss less than 0.6 dB and harmonic rejections greater than 25 dB with a compact die size of 0.8 mm2.M.S.E.E.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
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Mazur, David Christopher. "An Electrical Mine Monitoring System Utilizing the IEC 61850 Standard." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52239.
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Motor control assets are foundational elements in many industrial operations. In the mining industry, these assets primarily consist of motor control centers and drives, which are available with a comprehensive assortment of control and monitoring devices. Various intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) are now used to prevent machine damage and downtime. As motor control devices have advanced in technology, so too have the IEDs that protect them. These advances have resulted in new standards, such as IEC 61850, that have embedded intelligence and a standard set of communication schemes by which IEDs can share information in a peer-to-peer or one-to-many fashion.
This dissertation investigated the steps involved in interfacing IEDs to a mining process control network via the use of the IEC 61850 standard. As a result of this study, several key technological advancements were made including the development of (i) vendor independent system to communicate with IEDs in a mining environment over IEC 61850, (ii) command and control methods for communication based assisted automation of IEDs for mining firms, (iii) effective solutions to incorporate electrical distribution data in the process control system, (iv) enhanced safety platforms through remote operation of IEDs, (v) standard visualization faceplate graphics for HMI operators with enhanced security, and (vi) new methods for time stamped dataflow to be correctly inserted into a process historian for 'true' Sequence of Events Records.Ph. D.
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Teran-Escobar, Gerardo, David M. Tanenbaum, Eszter Voroshazi, Martin Hermenau, Kion Norrman, Matthew T. Lloyd, Yulia Galagan, et al. "On the stability of a variety of organic photovoltaic devices by IPCE and in situ IPCE analyses – the ISOS-3 inter-laboratory collaboration." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-139279.
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This work is part of the inter-laboratory collaboration to study the stability of seven distinct sets of state-of-the-art organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices prepared by leading research laboratories. All devices have been shipped to and degraded at RISØ-DTU up to 1830 hours in accordance with established ISOS-3 protocols under defined illumination conditions. In this work, we apply the Incident Photon-to-Electron Conversion Efficiency (IPCE) and the in situ IPCE techniques to determine the relation between solar cell performance and solar cell stability. Different ageing conditions were considered: accelerated full sun simulation, low level indoor fluorescent lighting and dark storage. The devices were also monitored under conditions of ambient and inert (N2) atmospheres, which allows for the identification of the solar cell materials more susceptible to degradation by ambient air (oxygen and moisture). The different OPVs configurations permitted the study of the intrinsic stability of the devices depending on: two different ITO-replacement alternatives, two different hole extraction layers (PEDOT:PSS and MoO3), and two different P3HT-based polymers. The response of un-encapsulated devices to ambient atmosphere offered insight into the importance of moisture in solar cell performance. Our results demonstrate that the IPCE and the in situ IPCE techniques are valuable analytical methods to understand device degradation and solar cell lifetimeDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Teran-Escobar, Gerardo, David M. Tanenbaum, Eszter Voroshazi, Martin Hermenau, Kion Norrman, Matthew T. Lloyd, Yulia Galagan, et al. "On the stability of a variety of organic photovoltaic devices by IPCE and in situ IPCE analyses – the ISOS-3 inter-laboratory collaboration." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27818.
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This work is part of the inter-laboratory collaboration to study the stability of seven distinct sets of state-of-the-art organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices prepared by leading research laboratories. All devices have been shipped to and degraded at RISØ-DTU up to 1830 hours in accordance with established ISOS-3 protocols under defined illumination conditions. In this work, we apply the Incident Photon-to-Electron Conversion Efficiency (IPCE) and the in situ IPCE techniques to determine the relation between solar cell performance and solar cell stability. Different ageing conditions were considered: accelerated full sun simulation, low level indoor fluorescent lighting and dark storage. The devices were also monitored under conditions of ambient and inert (N2) atmospheres, which allows for the identification of the solar cell materials more susceptible to degradation by ambient air (oxygen and moisture). The different OPVs configurations permitted the study of the intrinsic stability of the devices depending on: two different ITO-replacement alternatives, two different hole extraction layers (PEDOT:PSS and MoO3), and two different P3HT-based polymers. The response of un-encapsulated devices to ambient atmosphere offered insight into the importance of moisture in solar cell performance. Our results demonstrate that the IPCE and the in situ IPCE techniques are valuable analytical methods to understand device degradation and solar cell lifetime.Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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Cayron, Audrey. "Intégration de dispositifs passifs 3D compacts et performants.Application à la réalisation d’une matrice de Butler 4×4 en bande Ka." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ISAT0006.
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La complexité des systèmes RF intégrés pour les applications sans fil grand public s’accroit, et exige de revisiter l’intégration des circuits passifs RF et microondes. De nouvelles solutions offrant plus de compacité et de performance doivent être recherchées, avec un coût de fabrication qui doit rester faible. Parmi celles-ci, une filière technologique 3D de type « Integrated Passive Devices » (IPD) est développée au LAAS CNRS et par la société 3DiS Technologies depuis plusieurs années. Après avoir démontré les capacités de la technologie pour l’intégration de solénoïdes extrêmement compacts et performants, le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit ajoute l’intégration des condensateurs pour faire évoluer la technologie vers la fabrication de fonctions passives RF complexes.Le manuscrit s’articule en trois chapitres. Une première partie dresse une revue des procédés technologiques existants pour la fabrication de systèmes RF et met en évidence l’importance de disposer de composants passifs compacts et performants pour pouvoir intégrer les circuits MMIC. Dans ce contexte, nous présentons les avantages apportés par une solution d’intégration 3D bas coût telle que celle proposée. Dans une deuxième partie, nous présentons le développement de condensateurs Métal Isolant Métal (MIM). Les caractérisations montrent que les condensateurs présentent des performances équivalentes à celles recensées dans la littérature avec de très bons coefficients de qualités. Nous appliquons ensuite la technologie 3D complète à la réalisation de deux transformateurs adaptés en impédance 50 ohms en utilisant des condensateurs. Le procédé technologique de fabrication des deux circuits est décrit. Dans la bande d’adaptation, les circuits fabriqués et caractérisés affichent des pertes en transmission équivalentes aux pertes théoriques minimales estimées à partir du gain disponible maximum des transformateurs. Ces résultats confirment les bonnes performances des condensateurs MIM développés qui introduisent des pertes minimes pour les circuits fabriqués. Aucun problème de fabrication n’est relevé pour les transformateurs adaptés, ce qui permet de valider le procédé technologique complet pour l’intégration de condensateurs et de solénoïdes.Sur la base de ces résultats, le dernier chapitre est consacré au développement d’une matrice de Butler 4×4 destinée à piloter un faisceau de quatre éléments rayonnants en visant la 5G comme contexte applicatif. Des pertes en transmissions inférieures à 3,5 dB et un écart sur les déphasages en sorties de 16° sont relevés pour une large bande passante de 24 GHz à 29 GHz. Ces résultats de mesure sont à l’état de l’art et surpassent les solutions existantes, en particulier au niveau de la surface occupée de seulement 0,84 mm2. Ces résultats démontrent le potentiel de la technologie 3D à réaliser un compromis innovant entre densité d’intégration et performancesThe complexity of embedded RF systems in consumer wireless applications is increasing, and requires to improve the integration of RF and microwave passive circuits. New solutions that offer more compactness and performance have to be developed, while maintaining a low manufacturing cost. Among Integrated Passive Devices (IPD) technologies, a 3-D technology has been developed at the LAAS CNRS and by 3DiS Technologies for several years. Results demonstrate that the manufactured solenoids exhibit high compactness and high-performance. This PhD thesis aims to develop the integration process of capacitors in order to evolve the technology towards the fabrication of complex passive RF functions.The manuscript is divided into three chapters. The first chapter reviews the technological processes that enable the manufacture of RF systems and highlights the challenges for integrating high-performance passive components. It also presents the advantages of a low-cost 3-D integration solution such as the one proposed. In the second chapter, we present the development of Metal Insulator Metal (MIM) capacitors. The characterization result show that capacitors present performances equivalent to those identified in the literature with high quality factors. We then manufacture two transformers matched to 50 ohms using capacitors. The technological process is described. The manufactured and measured circuits show that transmission losses are close to those obtained at the maximum available gain of the transformers. These results confirm the good performance of the developed capacitors since they introduce minimal losses for the manufactured circuits. No technological problems are encountered during the manufacturing of the two transformers, which validates the complete technological process for the integration of capacitors and solenoid.Based on these results, we present in the last chapter the development of a 4×4 Butler matrix dedicated to 5G beamforming applications. In a large bandwidth ranging from 24 GHz to 29 GHz, insertion losses for the four outputs of the matrix are under 3.5 dB and the phase difference between the outputs are reached with a deviation of less than 16°. The measured results are at the state of the art and overcome those of the existing IPD solutions, in particular for the occupied aera that does not exceed 0.84 mm2. These performances allow us to conclude on the potential of 3-D IPD technology to achieve an excellent compromise between integration density and performance
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Doyle, Marc. "Comprehending the Safety Paradox and Privacy Concerns with Medical Device Remote Patient Monitoring." Diss., NSUWorks, 2019. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/1090.
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Medical literature identifies a number of technology-driven improvements in disease management such as implantable medical devices (IMDs) that are a standard treatment for candidates with specific diseases. Among patients using implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD), for example, problems and issues are being discovered faster compared to patients without monitoring, improving safety. What is not known is why patients report not feeling safer, creating a safety paradox, and why patients identify privacy concerns in ICD monitoring.
There is a major gap in the literature regarding the factors that contribute to perceived safety and privacy in remote patient monitoring (RPM). To address this gap, the research goal of this study was to provide an interpretive account of the experience of RPM patients. This study investigated two research questions: 1) How did RPM recipients perceive safety concerns?, and 2) How did RPM recipients perceive privacy concerns? To address the research questions, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants to explore individual perceptions in rich detail using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Four themes were identified and described based on the analysis of the interviews that include — comfort with perceived risk, control over information, education, and security — emerged from the iterative review and data analysis.
Participants expressed comfort with perceived risk, however being scared and anxious were recurrent subordinate themes. The majority of participants expressed negative feelings as a result of an initial traumatic event related to their devices and lived in fear of being shocked in inopportune moments. Most of these concerns stem from lack of information and inadequate education. Uncertainties concerning treatment tends to be common, due to lack of feedback from ICD RPM status. Those who knew others with ICD RPM became worrisome after hearing about incidences of sudden cardiac death (SCD) when the device either failed or did not work adequately to save their friend’s life.
Participants also expressed cybersecurity concerns that their ICD might be hacked, maladjusted, manipulated with magnets, or turned off. They believed ICD RPM security was in place but inadequate as well as reported feeling a lack of control over information. Participants expressed wanting the right to be left alone and in most cases wanted to limit others’ access to their information, which in turn, created conflict within families and loved ones. Geolocation was a contentious node in this study, with most of participants reporting they did not want to be tracked under any circumstances.
This research was needed because few researchers have explored how people live and interact with these newer and more advanced devices. These findings have implications for practice relating to RPM safety and privacy such as identifying a gap between device companies, practitioners, and participants and provided directions for future research to discover better ways to live with ICD RPM and ICD shock.
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Jung, Hyun Chul. "Design And Fabrication Of Microfluidic Devices For Electrokinetic Studies." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1213978561.
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Andersson, Dorothea. "Simulation of industrial control system field devices for cyber security." Thesis, KTH, Elkraftteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202405.
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Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are an integral part of modernsociety, not least when it comes to controlling and protecting criticalinfrastructure such as power grids and water supply. There is a need to testthese systems for vulnerabilities, but it is often difficult if not impossible to doso in operational real time systems since they have been shown to be sensitiveeven to disturbances caused by benign diagnostic tools. This thesis exploreshow ICS field devices can be simulated in order to fool potential antagonists,and how they can be used in virtualized ICS for cyber security research. 8different field devices were simulated using the honeypot daemon Honeyd,and a generally applicable simulation methodology was developed. It was alsoexplored how these simulations can be further developed in order to functionlike real field devices in virtualized environments.Industriella informations- och styrsystem utgör en viktig delav vårt moderna samhälle, inte minst när det gäller kontroll och skydd avkritisk infrastruktur som elnät och vattenförsörjning. Det finns stora behov avatt säkerhetstesta dessa typer av system, vilket ofta är omöjligt iproduktionsmiljöer med realtidskrav som är erkänt känsliga för störningar, tilloch med från vanligt förekommande analysverktyg. Denna rapport presenterarhur vanliga komponenter i industriella informations- och styrsystem kansimuleras för att lura potentiella antagonister, och hur de kan användas ivirtualiserade styrsystem för cybersäkerhetsforskning. 8 olika komponentersimulerades med hjälp av Honeyd, och en generellt applicerbarsimuleringsmetodik utvecklades. Hur dessa simuleringar kan vidareutvecklasför att fungera som riktiga styrsystemskomponenter i virtualiserade miljöer harockså undersökts.
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Rajan, Parthiban. "Novel Capacitive Sensors for Chemical and Physical Monitoring in Microfluidic Devices." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1549449776383119.
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Fields, Robert Eugene 1958. "Application of a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer to ICP-MS and the direct detection of x-rays using a charge-injection device." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282314.
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This work describes the construction of an inductively-coupled plasma tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer where a quadrupole ion storage trap acts as a second sector and collision cell to achieve neutralization or collisional dissociation of interfering species before mass analysis. Because most elements exist as singly-charged ions in an inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) plume, the ICP can be used as an ionization source for mass analysis (ICP/MS). By reducing the sample to elemental ions before mass analysis, ICP/MS spectra tend to be simple compared with those obtained by ICP-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) where elements may have hundreds to thousands of emission lines and spectral overlaps can be severe. This is especially troublesome in the analysis of rare earth elements which have the largest numbers of active emission lines when excited in an ICP. In addition, detection limits by ICP/MS are often up to 3 orders of magnitude lower than by ICP-OES. ICP/MS analysis is not immune from isobaric and isotopic interferences or matrix effects. For most analyses, an acid digestion precedes aspiration as an aqueous solution into an argon plasma gas. This can lead to large amounts of Ar+ etc., which may interfere to varying degrees with analytes of interest. Oxides, argides and hydrides of matrix ions or other analytes may also form and interfere. These same processes can also split peak areas between the atomic form of an analyte and the molecular. In isotope ratio studies where precise measurements on more than one isotope per analyte are needed, these effects may be compounded. Isobaric interferences normally require high resolution mass analysis to resolve if they cannot be separated prior to sample introduction. However, the interface between a high vacuum, high resolution sector or ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer and an atmospheric pressure plasma is non-trivial and such instruments are expensive. The focus of this work is new approach which uses a collision cell where weakly-bound molecular species can be dissociated and ions with relatively high electron affinities, such as Ar+, can be neutralized through charge exchange reactions.
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White, Brad D. "Cathodoluminescence spectroscopy studies of aluminum gallium nitride and silicon device structures as a function of irradiation and processing." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1141325302.
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Yang, Kai. "Fabrication and characterization of silicon nanowires for devices applications compatible with low temperature (≤300 ˚C) flexible substrates." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S123.
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La fabrication et la caractérisation de nanofils de silicium à basse température (≤300 °C) a été menée suivant deux approches: par la méthode des espaceurs et par la méthode de croissance Solide Liquide Solide (SLS). La synthèse des nanofils de silicium a été étudiée à l'aide de deux technologies de dépôts: le dépôt CVD assisté par plasma (PECVD) et le dépôt à couplage inductif (ICP CVD). Les études ont démontré la faisabilité des nanofils de silicium par le procédé ICP-CVD. De plus, les propriétés d'isolation électrique des couches de SiO2 et la fabrication de transistors à effet de champ à couche mince ont été démontrées à l'aide de la technologie de dépôt plasma ICP. Par ailleurs, des nanofils de silicium ont été synthétisés par le procédé SLS à 250 ° C utilisant l'indium comme catalyseur. La croissance 3D de ces nanofils à partir de substrats de silicium (film mince de silicium monocristallin ou amorphe) a été démontrée. Les nanofils sont obtenus sous plasma d'hydrogène. Des études ont été menées en fonction de l'épaisseur de l'indium déposé, de la durée et de la température du plasma d'hydrogène. Les résultats originaux obtenus permettent d'envisager la possibilité de fabriquer des dispositifs électroniques à base de ces nanofils de silicium sur des substrats flexibles basse températureThe fabrication and characterization of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) at low temperature (≤300° C) has been focused for two mainstream approaches: spacer method and Solid Liquid Solid method. The feasibility of such silicon nanowires has been explored using two deposition technologies: conventional plasma enhanced deposition (PECVD) and inductively coupled plasma deposition (ICP CVD). The studies demonstrated the feasibility of silicon nanowires using the ICP CVD process. In addition, the electrical insulation properties of SiO2 layers and the fabrication of thin-film field effect transistors were demonstrated using ICP plasma deposition technology. Furthermore, indium catalyzed SLS SiNWs were fabricated for the first time at 250 °C. Synthesis of 3D SiNWs by SLS process from silicon substrates (monocrystalline or amorphous silicon thin film) has been demonstrated. The growth of nanowires is obtained under hydrogen plasma. Studies were conducted based on the thickness of indium deposited, duration and temperature of the hydrogen plasma. All these results were concluded originally and they enable the possibility of fabrication of SiNWs based electronic devices onto low temperature flexible substrates
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Nick, Shawn. "An investigation approach to test protection intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) in IEC 61850 based substation automation systems (SAS) at station level." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/74751/1/Shawn_Nick_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis has developed a new approach to trace virtual protection signals in Electrical substation networks. The main goal of the research was to analyse the contents of the virtual signals transferred, using third party software. In doing so, a comprehensive test was done on a distance protection relay, using non-conventional test equipment.
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Wistedt, Johan. "Digital secondary substations with auto-configuration of station monitoring through IEC 61850 and CIM." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-360513.
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This thesis explore the possibility to automate a process for configuration of secondary substations monitoring and control. By using a network information system (NIS), information of secondary substations can be extracted, such as feeder naming, primary equipment type, rating and model. From this information an automated process of configuring the secondary substation is possible, which open up the possibility to cost-efficiently digitalise the distribution grid. In the project, the standard IEC 61850 for configuration of communications of intelligent electrical devices was used to automate and standardize the process. The process starts with a extracted IEC 61970 CIM file from the NIS. The IEC 61970 CIM file is converted into a IEC 61850 SCL file through an system engineering tool. The configuration is based of information from the NIS, where the models and types of the equipments decides what type of functionality that is needed for the secondary substation. With help of the created SCL file hardware and human-machine interface (HMI) was configured, creating a full functional system for the secondary substation monitoring and control equipment. The usage of 400V capable input module together with bus couplers, configured in IEC 61850, lowers the configuration needed for the hardware. The usage of SCL files also helps automate the creation of HMI for the secondary substation through IEC 61850 based tools in SCADA software. Creating views of both single-line diagrams as well as digital representation of the secondary substation outgoing feeders with measured values on display. The result of the project helps show NIS information is sufficient and standards mature enough to allow an almost fully automated system. Lowering the total time spent on each stations configuration to around two hours. Leading the way for future development of automating software for configurations of the secondary substations.
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Yalda, Riad, and Miroslav Urosevic. "Automatic post-fault analysis based on disturbance data stored in substation devices : Approach towards the preventive maintenance." Thesis, KTH, Hälsoinformatik och logistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-252823.
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This report studies the possibilities of minimizing unplanned maintenance work and improving the availability of power supply by enabling preventive maintenance in power systems, without having to make additional investments in the existing systems. This was done using information from COMTRADE files (disturbance recording files) that are created in the event of a fault in the power system. The IEC 61850 standard facilitates the process of retrieving and analyzing the disturbance files by standardizing their format and the way they are stored. By creating a software solution that automatically reads and analyses the COMTRADE files, deteriorating performance of the power system equipment can be detected and preventive maintenance suggested. The result of the project is a software solution that reads and analyses COMTRADE files in an automated way. The software identifies fault events (fault start, trip signal sent, circuit breaker open, auto-reclose command, circuit breaker closed) from the recorded signals using wavelet transform as the main method. It then calculates the times of relay and circuit breaker operations. The calculated times are compared to threshold values and warnings are generated if they exceed the thresholds.Denna rapport studerar möjligheten att minimera oönskade underhållsarbeten och öka tillgången på strömförsörjning genom att möjliggöra förebyggande underhåll i kraftsystemet, utan att behöva göra ytterligare investeringar för sina befintliga system. Detta gjordes med hjälp av information från COMTRADE-filer (filer för inspelning av störningar) som skapades vid ett fel i elnätet. IEC 61850-standarden underlättar processen för att hämta och analysera störningsfilerna genom att standardisera sitt format och hur de lagras. Genom att skapa en programvarulösning som automatiskt läser och analyserar COMTRADE-filerna, kan försämrad prestanda hos strömsystemets utrustning detekteras och förebyggande underhåll föreslås. Resultatet av projektet är en mjukvarulösning som läser och analyserar COMTRADE-filer på ett automatiserat sätt. Programvaran identifierar felhändelser (fel start, sänd bryt-signal, brytare öppen, automatisk återstängnings kommando, strömbrytare stängd) från de inspelade signalerna med wavelettransformen som huvudmetod. Därefter beräknas driftstiderna för relä och brytare. De beräknade tiderna jämförs med tröskelvärden och varningar genereras om de överskrider tröskelvärdena.
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Luwaca, Emmanuel. "Virtualization of a sensor node to enable the simulation of IEC 61850-based sampled value messages." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1179.
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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Master of Technology: Electrical Engineering
in the Faculty of Engineering
at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology
2014The IEC 61850 standard, “Communication networks and systems in substations” was promulgated to accommodate the need for a common communication platform within substations for devices from different vendors. The IEC 61850 standard proposes a substation automation architecture that is Ethernet-based, with a “station-bus” for protection devices within the substation and a “process bus” where raw data from the voltage and current transformers are published onto the data network using a device known as a Merging Unit. To date, most of the standardization efforts were focused at the station bus level where event-triggered messages are exchanged between the substation automation devices, commonly referred to as Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). These messages are known as Generic Object Oriented Substation Event messages. Equipment from vendors to accommodate the “process bus” paradigm, however is still limited at present. The Centre for Substation Automation and Energy Management Systems was established within the Electrical Engineering Department at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology with one of its objectives being the development of equipment either for simulation or real-time purposes in compliance with the IEC 61850 standard. In order to fulfil this long-term objective of the Centre, an in-depth understanding of the IEC 61850 standard is required. This document details the efforts at acquiring the requisite knowledge base in support of the educational objectives of the Centre and the research project implements a simulation of a merging unit which is compliant with the functional behavior as stipulated by the standard. This limited functional implementation (i.e. non-real-time) of the merging unit, is achieved through the development of a virtualized data acquisition node capable of synthetic generation of waveforms, encoding of the data and publishing the data in a format compliant with the IEC 61850-9-2 sampled value message structure. This functional behavior of the virtual sensor node which was implemented has been validated against the behavior of a commercial device and the sampled value message structure is validated against the standard. The temporal behavior of the proposed device is commented upon. This research project forms the basis for future real-time implementation of a merging unit.
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Netto, Ulisses Chemin. "Determinação de um parâmetro para monitoramento do desempenho de mensagens GOOSE do padrão IEC 61850 utilizadas em subestações de energia elétrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18154/tde-16102012-083711/.
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O desenvolvimento e utilização do padrão IEC 61850 alterou a concepção e operação das subestações de energia elétrica. O desempenho e confiabilidade do sistema de proteção depende da rede de comunicação de dados. Esta pesquisa propõe um parâmetro de dimensionamento e comparação de desempenho para o tempo de transferência das mensagens Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) entre Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). Esse parâmetro foi obtido através do levantamento experimental da curva do tempo de transferência das mensagens GOOSE versus a ocupação percentual da largura de banda dos IEDs. Para a realização dos experimentos foram utilizados três IEDs, um switch Ethernet gerenciável, três microcomputadores do tipo PC, um relógio sincronizador Global Positioning System (GPS), cordões de fibra óptica, cabos do tipo par trançado sem blindagem e aplicativos de software. Os resultados mostraram que a partir de um limiar característico, o qual é distinto para cada IED ensaiado, o tempo de transferência excede o limite máximo permitido pelo padrão IEC 61850. A partir da análise destes dados, foi desenvolvido um sistema preditivo de monitoramento de banda para supervisionar a interface de rede dos IEDs. O sistema preditivo apresentou para a medição de banda um erro relativo médio igual a 0,55% em relação ao aplicativo comercial utilizado na comparação, já a predição feita pela rede neural artificial apresentou um erro de estimativa menor do que 3% para 91,30% das amostras utilizadas, além de modelar adequadamente o comportamento da série temporal que representa a ocupação de banda do IED monitorado.The development and utilization of IEC 61850 standard changed the design and operation of electric power substations. The performance and reliability of the protection system depends on the data communication network. This research proposes a parameter for dimensioning and comparising the transfer time of Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messages between different Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). This parameter was obtained from experimental data related to the transfer time of GOOSE messages curve versus IEDs bandwidth percentage occupation. In this context, a laboratory structure was set up in order to carry out these experiments. This structure mainly consists of three IEDs, an Ethernet switch, three personal computers, a GPS Clock, fiber optic cables, unshielded twisted pair cables, as well as support software. The results show the existence of a characteristic threshold, different for each IED tested, after which the transfer time exceeded the total transmission time allowed for the IEC 61850 standard. Based on these results, a predictive bandwidth monitoring system was developed to supervise the IEDs bandwidth interface. The bandwidth measurement has a mean relative error of 0.55% regarding to the commercial software used for comparison. Finally, the forecasting made by the artificial neural network has a relative error of 3% for 91,30% of the samples used in test phase. In addition, that it was able to model the behaviour of the time series that represent the bandwidth occupation.
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Kishimoto, Edilson Tsutomu. "Modelo de sistema de medição para melhoria contínua em sistema de gestão para laboratório de ensaios de equipamentos médicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-08072011-163022/.
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O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a verificação de como a utilização de um Sistema de Medição de Gestão contribui para o aprimoramento do Sistema de Gestão de um Laboratório de Ensaios de equipamentos médicos através da determinação, implementação e avaliação de um modelo otimizado de Sistema de Medição. O modelo proposto foi elaborado a partir do levantamento de todos os indicadores possíveis contidos nas prescrições da Norma ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 17025:2005, determinando-se também diretrizes para interpretação dos requisitos visando a melhoria contínua do Sistema de Gestão e selecionando-se os indicadores mais importantes a partir da voz do cliente, obtida através da análise de incidentes críticos relatados por eles. O modelo foi validado em um Laboratório de Ensaios de equipamentos médicos acreditado pelo INMETRO e é composto por indicadores que atendem os requisitos da Norma ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 17025:2005, selecionados de acordo com o estudo dos processos do Laboratório e alinhados com as necessidades dos clientes. Os elementos do Sistema de Medição devem auxiliar a alta administração de um Laboratório de Ensaios de equipamentos médicos a tomar decisões estratégicas de administração e de organização visando a melhoria de desempenho em todas as atividades realizadas, adotando e atendendo as prescrições da Norma ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 17025:2005, sendo esta uma importante contribuição desta proposta de trabalho, pois apenas o texto desta Norma não permite uma definição clara de como obter a melhoria contínua dos seus processos, e a determinação de diretrizes adicionais, a exemplo do que a Norma ABNT ISO 9004 faz com as prescrições da Norma ABNT ISO 9001, facilitará a implementação de um Sistema de Medição em Sistema de Gestão. Os resultados da validação do modelo de Sistema de Medição permitem concluir que sua implementação contribui para o aprimoramento do Sistema de Gestão de Laboratórios de Ensaios de equipamentos médicos. A adoção de um Sistema de Medição de Gestão pode permitir que os Laboratórios obtenham maior controle e aprimoramento de seus processos, assim como ocorreu no Laboratório em que o modelo foi validado.The main purpose of this work was the determination, implementation and evaluation of an optimized model of Measurement System for continuous improvement of a Management System for Testing Laboratory of medical equipment. The proposed model was developed from a survey of all possible indicators contained in the requirements of Standard ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 17025, also determining guidelines for interpretation of the requirements for continuous improvement of the management system and selecting the most important indicators from the customer\'s choice obtained from the analysis of critical incidents given by them. The model was validated in a Testing Laboratory of medical equipment accredited by INMETRO and is composed of indicators that meet the requirements of Standard ABNT NBR ISO / IEC 17025, selected according to the analysis of processes of the Testing Laboratory and aligned with the customers needs. These elements should help the managers of a Testing Laboratory of medical equipment to make strategic planning to improve performance in all activities, adopting and meeting the requirements of Standard ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 17025 which is one of the main contribution of this proposed work, as all Testing Laboratories are only concerned to meet the requirements of Standard ISO/IEC 17025 and only the text of this standard does not allow a clear definition of how to improve continuous process and the determination of additional guidelines, similar to what the standard ISO 9004 makes with the requirements of standard ISO 9001, will help the implementation of a Measurement System. The adoption of a Measurement System can allow Laboratories to gain greater control of their processes.
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Lauer, Peter. "Advanced Proportional Servo Valve Control with Customized Control Code using White Space." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-199441.
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An industrial control valve has been designed by Eaton (AxisPro® valve). The servo performance valve has onboard electronics that features external and internal sensor interfaces, advanced control modes and network capability. Advanced control modes are implement in the valves firmware. With the help of the white space it is possilbe to execute custom code directly on the valve that interact with these controls. Small OEM applications, like rubber moulding machines, benefit from the comination of build in controls and custom code, to provide adaptations for their special machines.
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Retonda-Modiya, John-Charly. "Development of an embedded system actuator node for intergration into an IEC 61850 based substation automation application." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1162.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Master of Technology: Electrical Engineering
in the Faculty of Engineering
at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012The introduction of the IEC 61850 standard in substations for communication networks and systems by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 2003 provided the possibility for communication between devices of different manufacturers. However, the advent of this standard also brought about many challenges associated with it. The challenges introduced by this fairly recent standard of communications in Substation Automation Systems (SAS), and the need for the development of cost effective IEC 61850- compliant devices, motivated the decision of the Centre for Substation and Energy Management Systems within the Electrical Engineering Department of the Cape Peninsula University of Technology to focus on the implementation of the IEC 61850 standard using an embedded hardware platform. The development of an IEC 61850 embedded application requires substantial knowledge in multiple domains such as data networking, software modelling and development of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), protection of the electrical system, system simulation and testing methods, etc. Currently knowledge about the implementation of the IEC 61850 standard usually resides with vendors and is not in the public domain. The IEC 61850 standard allows for two groups of communication services between entities within the substation automation system. One group utilizes a client-server model accommodating services such as Reporting and Remote Switching. The second group utilizes a peer-to-peer model for Generic Substation Event (GSE) services associated with time-critical activities such as fast and reliable communication between Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) used for protection of the power network. The messages associated with the GSE services are the Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messages. The use of GOOSE messages for protection of the electrical system is very important in modern substations. Detailed knowledge of the structure of these messages is important in instances requiring fault diagnosis to determine the cause of mal– operation or to address interoperability concerns or when developing custom IEC 61850- compliant devices with limited functionality. A practical protection application (overcurrent) case study is presented where GOOSE messages are exchanged between a commercial IED and an IEC 61850-compliant controller based on an embedded platform. The basic data model and software development of an actuator node for a circuit breaker is proposed using an IEC 61850 communication stack on an embedded platform. The performance of the GOOSE messages is confirmed to be as per the functional behaviour specified, and per the IEC 68150 standard in terms of the temporal behaviour required. This thesis document tables the methods, software programs, hardware interfacing and system integration techniques that allow for the development and implementation of a low cost IEC 61850-compliant controller unit on an embedded systems platform for the substation automation system. The overcurrent case study distributed between a commercial IED (SIEMENS Siprotec device) and the actuator application developed on an embedded platform for this project (DK60 board) is in compliance with the IEC 61850 standard and utilizing GOOSE messaging is successfully completed both in terms of functional and temporal behaviour. This novel research work contributes not only to the academic community, but to the international Power Systems community as a whole. Keywords: IEC 61850 standard, IEDs, GOOSE message, software modelling, software development, substation automation systems, communication stack, embedded systems, actuator.
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Rosario, Jeferson Cardoso do. "Desenvolvimento de cateter implantável de monitorização de pressão intracraniana." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2019. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/7702.
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O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) é atualmente a terceira maior causa de óbitos no âmbito mundial. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado que a monitorização de pressão intracraniana (PIC), como forma de cálculo da pressão de perfusão cerebral (PPC) é uma ferramenta importante para avaliação do fluxo sanguíneo cerebral (FSC), provocando sensível redução nas taxas de mortalidade. Além do TCE, outras patologias ou situações neurocirúrgicas tem utilizado a técnica de monitorização de PIC. A monitorização desse parâmetro foi proposta já na década de 50, onde um tubo com fluido em contato com o líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) era introduzido no espaço intracraniano e conectado a um transdutor de pressão externo. Com a evolução da indústria microeletrônica e dos sistemas microeletromecânicos, foi possível colocar os transdutores na ponta do cateter, permitindo uma monitorização menos invasiva, com menos riscos de infecções. Os cateteres atuais com micro transdutor na ponta podem ser divididos em três grupo: straingauge, fibra óptica e pneumático. Cada grupo possui suas características, entretanto o primeiro tem se demonstrado como solução mais robusta e confiável, com boa relação custo benefício. No presente trabalho foi proposto o desenvolvimento de um cateter implantável de monitorização de pressão intracraniana do tipo micro transdutor strain-gauge. Foram construídos protótipos funcionais e submetidos a ensaios de desempenho, especificados em norma técnica para monitorização de pressão sanguínea, a influência da temperatura na medição de pressão, bem como a exatidão das medições. Os processos empregados no trabalho são utilizados comumente na indústria de encapsulamento de semicondutores, porém foram levadas em consideração as especificidades da aplicação, adequando as técnicas disponíveis às geometrias e materiais empregados, considerando a necessidade de utilização de materiais biocompatíveis.
The traumatic brain injury (TBI) is nowadays the third cause of death in the world. Recent studies have shown the intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring as an important tool for cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) calculation and cerebral blood flow (CBF) assestment, reducing significantly the mortality statistics. Besides TBI, several others pathologies and neurosurgery conditions have been using the ICP monitoring technique. The proposal of ICP monitoring first appeared on the 50’s, where a tube fulfilled with fluid in contact with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was introduced into the intracranial space and connected to an external pressure transducer. With the waves of the microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) industry evolution, it was possible to put the transducer and all the electronics inside the catheter tip, allowing a less invasive monitoring, decreasing the risk of infection. The state of art catheters with micro transducer on the tip can be divided into three groups: strain-gauge, optical fiber and pneumatic. Each group has it’s own characteristics, however the first has been demonstrated as the rugged solution, being reliable, cost effective and with good accuracy. In the present work, it was proposed the development of an strain-gauge micro transducer implantable catheter for intracranial pressure monitoring. Functional prototypes were built and submitted to performance tests, according to the technical standards in the medical equipment area, the temperature influence over the pressure measurements was evaluated, as well as the accuracy. The adopted processes are commonly used in the semiconductor packaging industry, however it was considered the application special requirements, adapting the processes to the geometry and materials used, considering the needs of biocompatible materials.
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Mikulášek, Michal. "Zařízení pro zaznamenávání proudové spotřeby LPWA senzorů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413004.
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This Master thesis deals with the design and construction of a measuring device for measuring and the current consumption logging of sensors using LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology. The theoretical part of the thesis firstly summarizes selected LPWAN technologies. Selected technologies, namely: LoRaWAN, Sigfox and Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), are described more in detail. Further, the current measurement techniques are briefly discussed. The main focus is given to the current shunt measuring methods. The second half of thesis describes procedures conducted during the design and construction of a measuring device. The current measuring is based on the current shunt circuit complemented by the voltage amplification circuit, whose output is subsquently converted into digital form using an AD converter. The thesis describes in great detail the procedures for selecting individual components and important processes used in design of printed circuit boards. An integral part of the measuring device implementation is the design and implementation of control software, which is described in detail and supplemented by workflow charts underlining the entire description. The implementation of the entire measuring device is completed by the design and implementation of the cover box using 3D printing technology. Finally, the specifications of designed device are briefly discussed based on the limits of the used components.
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TU, MING-KAI, and 涂名凱. "Implement Novel Low Voltage Transfer Device Using Intelligent Electronic Devices and IEC 61850." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q44dkg.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系
107
This thesis proposes an implementative novel Low Voltage Transfer Device (LVTD) using Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) and IEC 61850.The analysis is done with IEC 61850 GOOSE communication statements that extractd from IED disturbance records and GOOSE monitoring tool after power failure simulation by IED test equipment, it was verified that LVTD functions can be implemented and meet interoperability requirement of IEC 61850 standard by configured architecture with IEDs. There are advantages as following: • The configured architecture is suitable for IEC 61850 substation application. • Investment cost lower than LVTD. • Easy for troubleshooting and maintenance, MTTR less than 15 minutes. • Integrated bus transfer and power system protection functions. • Issue alarm indications automatically during system operation.
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Henry, Michael David. "ICP Etching of Silicon for Micro and Nanoscale Devices." Thesis, 2010. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/5846/2/MDH-Thesis-Rev1.pdf.
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The physical structuring of silicon is one of the cornerstones of modern microelectronics and integrated circuits. Typical structuring of silicon requires generating a plasma to chemically or physically etch silicon. Although many tools have been created to do this, the most finely honed tool is the Inductively Couple Plasma Reactive Ion Etcher. This tool has the ability to finesse structures from silicon unachievable on other machines. Extracting structures such as high aspect ratio silicon nanowires requires more than just this tool, however. It requires etch masks which can adequately protect the silicon without interacting with the etching plasma and highly tuned etch chemistry able to protect the silicon structures during the etching process.
In the work presented here, three highly tuned etches for silicon, and its oxide, will be described in detail. The etches presented utilize a type of etch chemistry which provides passivation while simultaneously etching, thus permitting silicon structures previously unattainable. To cover the range of applications, one etch is tuned for deep reactive ion etching of high aspect ratio micro-structures in silicon, while another is tuned for high aspect ratio nanoscale structures. The third etch described is tuned for creating structures in silicon dioxide. Following the description of these etches, two etch masks for silicon will be described. The first mask will detail a highly selective etch mask uniquely capable of protecting silicon for both etches described while being compatible with mainstream semiconductor fabrication facilities. This mask is aluminum oxide. The second mask detailed permits for a completely dry lithography on the micro and nanoscale, FIB implanted Ga etch masks. The third chapter will describe the fabrication and in situ electrical testing of silicon nanowires and nanopillars created using the methods previously described. A unique method for contacting these nanowires is also described which has enabled investigation into the world of nanoelectronics. The fourth and final chapter will detail the design and construction of high magnetic fields and integrated planar microcoils, work which was enabled by the etching detailed here. This research was directed towards creation of a portable NMR machine.
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Tseng, Ying-Cheng, and 曾英誠. "A Study of Synthesized Coplanar Waveguides using Integrated Passive Device (IPD) Technology and Circuit Applications." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73931360828356020324.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
100
In this thesis, novel synthesized coplanar waveguides (CPWs) are developed using the glass substrate integrated passive device technology (GIPD). The proposed high-slow-wave-factor structures are capable of realizing synthesized transmission lines with a wide range of characteristic impedances and electrical lengths. The design concepts, equivalent circuit models, and experimental results are carefully investigated and discussed. By utilizing the synthesized CPWs, a miniaturized branch-line coupler is developed with a substantial size miniaturization of 91.5%. By incorporated with a novel 180?a phase inverter, a compact wideband rat-race coupler is also designed, showing improved bandwidths of 61% and 30%, respectively, as the sum and difference ports are excited. The size reduction ratio is remarkable, as well. Miniaturized stepped impedance resonators (SIRs), composed by three sections of synthesized CPWs, are realized and integrated to develop a novel miniaturized third-order bandpass filter with extended stopband rejection. The proposed bandpass filter has a very compact size, which is only 5% the size of a parallel-coupled SIR filter design. The first spurious passband is 4.3 times away from the fundamental one. The design concept, filter synthesis, and experimental results are discussed in detail. Finally, a compact 3-dB backward-wave coupled-line directional coupler is investigated. The even/odd-mode analysis and simulated and measured results are discussed. The coupling coefficients can be controlled by adjusting the parameters of the spiral inductors and MIM capacitors in the synthesized CPWs. The proposed coupler has an extremely compact size but comparable performances as well.
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Liu, Yang. "Generic substation event monitoring based on IEC 61850 and IEEE 1588 standards." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/97878.
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Electricity has become not only an essential element to people’s everyday life but also the most important power source to most industries and businesses. The continuously increasing demand of electricity consumption has resulted in a consistent expansion of power grid as it was seen in the past few decades. This in turn has dramatically increased the cost of electricity during the same period in Australia. In contrast, the recently recorded low economic activities and significant growth of rooftop photovoltaic has led to a reduction in the forecasted electricity demand in Australia. This has resulted a reduced number of network augmentation projects for most electric utilities across the country. Instead, the substation refurbishment work has become the focus for most electric utilities in the foreseeable future. Such sharp turning point of trend has placed an enormous challenge in front of electric utilities on how to make the power system operation more cost effective and preserve a high level of reliability and security. In response to the challenge, the integration of advanced technologies with the existing power system has been recognised as a viable solution. The international standard IEC 61850 for substation communication system has gained momentum globally to be implemented in power utility automation systems. The flexibility and vendor independent feature of the standard inspired a range of innovative approaches for power grid projects including substation refurbishment work.
This research aims to develop and verify a vendor independent device, which is named as substation event monitor, with the capability of interfacing the legacy and existing substation automation system equipment to the modern intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) over Ethernet network in a non-intrusive and cost effective manner. The substation event monitor is also equipped with the ability of providing synchronised time information at the accuracy level of ±1 microsecond over the same communication infrastructure via IEEE 1588 standard, also called the Precision Time Protocol (PTP). The created device is suitable for substation refurbishment work and has the potential in many other utility applications, such as network state estimation and substation commissioning. This thesis takes a bottom-up approach to the form of information on the construction and verification of substation event monitor. It begins with the provision of the critical review on the detailed knowledge of both international standards of IEC 61850 and IEEE 1588. This work was needed because there is lack of concise, publicly available and informative material on these complex standards for power utility engineers. The thesis is then expanded with the in-depth design information on the developed prototype of substation event monitor. Finally, the verification results of the prototype device were produced at both component level and system level in this thesis. The provision of the comprehensive knowledge of the prototype device will deliver confidence to utility engineers in considering the adoption of substation event monitor as a low cost, non-intrusive, IEC 61850 compatible and synchronised IED that meets the needs of substation refurbishment work and other potential power utility applications.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2015
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Jiang, Shan. "Investigation of small signal dynamic performance of IPFC and UPFC devices embedded in AC networks." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4388.
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This thesis proposes the small signal model for the Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC). Using this model, the damping performance of the IPFC with different power system configuration is investigated and also compared with the AC Transmission System (FACTS) based controllers such as the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC).
The IPFC and the UPFC in constant power control mode can be viewed as effectively cutting the connected transmission line. This change on the structure of the network results in a significant change on the small signal stability.
This thesis also addresses issues regarding the different levels of models that are required for the investigation of the behavior of FACTS. An effective validation approach that uses a minimum sized demonstration platform is proposed. This platform is small enough for detailed EMTP validation, yet large enough to exhibit the range of transient electrical and electromechanical behavior which is the focus for FACTS devices. To demonstrate the approach, the small signal models of the system embedded with the IPFC and the UPFC are developed respectively. The results obtained from small signal analysis are validated with EMTP-type simulation and show a close agreement.
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Kapuge, Kariyawasam Mudalige Sachintha Kariyawasam. "Implementation of an IEC 61850 Sampled Values Based Line Protection IED with a New Transients-Based Hybrid Protection Algorithm." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31306.
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Over the course of the last decade, IEC 61850 has become the leading standard for electrical substation automation the world over. This thesis presents the work done towards implementing an IEC 61850 sampled values based line protection Intelligent Electronics Device (IED) on a desktop computer. This IED is capable of subscribing, decoding and processing the sampled values published by a source to be used in line protection algorithms.
The novel hybrid line protection algorithm implemented in the IED combines a distance protection scheme with a transients-based unit protection method that uses sampled values complying with IEC 61850-9-2-LE. Application of the line protection relay for protecting a series compensated transmission line was examined using hardware-in-the-loop simulations. Results indicate that (i) the implemented algorithms are robust and reliable, and (ii) the class of transients based protection algorithms examined in this thesis can be successfully implemented with IEC 61850 sampled values.October 2016
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Tsai, ShuiYi, and 蔡淑儀. "Study of SiO2 thin films in MIS devices at extremely low temperature by ICP-CVD process." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42349509207766922759.
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碩士國立成功大學
微機電系統工程研究所
94
Scaling down the electric device dimension is an inevitable tendency with each new generation in semiconductor industry. While the dimensions of devices continue to shrink, the thickness of the insulator layer is also reduced. The shrinkage of the oxide thickness increase direct tunneling through the gate dielectric and degrades the gate oxide reliability. For minimizing the gate leakage current, many new technologies are recommended to grow a high quality thin oxide film. The future trend has also turned it into focusing on the mobility and new applications, such as the substitutions of the glass substrates by flexible plastic substrates. Low temperature fabrication of high-quality gate oxide film is one of the key issues for further development of device. In this work, we report the formation of high-quality SiO2 thin films for the gate dielectric layer by using inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition (ICP-CVD) technique from silane and oxygen gas mixtures at low temperatures. The influences of deposition parameters, including SiH4/O2 ratio、deposition pressure and ICP r.f power were studied. The electrical properties including leakage current density and breakdown voltage of the silicon dioxide are determined from current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of metal- insulator- semiconductor (MIS) devices. In this study, only the (111) diffraction peak is observed in 34.3 degree, while r.f power is above 1250 Watt. Analysis of the transmission electron microscopic (TEM) diffraction patterns indicates that the SiO2 films are single crystal with high quality. Analysis of the surface of SiO2 films by atomic force microscopy reveals a smooth surface with roughness in the 2.1~6.6 nm range. From the I-V curve it can be seen that the SiO2 thin film has a good electric property as prepared at 1750 Watt. The lowest leakage current of silicon dioxide films at the gate voltage of 1 V is about 8.2×10-8 A/cm2 and the breakdown field can be obtained is 15.8 MV/cm in this study. For improving its electrical characteristics, the post-annealing was proceeding in a conventional furnace tube at high temperatures varied from 300 ℃ to 700 ℃.High temperature annealing is known to increase the film crystallize atom, which can also decrease the defects in the SiO2 thin films. After annealing at 700 ℃, it can be found that the leakage current density is about 4.6×10-9 A/cm2 at the gate voltage of 1 V and the breakdown field is about 16.2 MV/cm
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Chang, Kuo-Chin, and 張國欽. "Study of Effects of Cu Stud Design and IMC Growth on the Reliability of Micro-Electronic Devices." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26869483800426382279.
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博士國立清華大學
動力機械工程學系
91
A wafer level package (WLP) without the underfill layer was introduced in recent years to address the demand of the electronic packaging industry for increased density and performance, as well as lightness, thinness, small size and cost-effectiveness. However, the solder joint reliability under thermal cycling conditions becomes a critical problem when mounting the WLP onto a PCB when the underfill layer has been eliminated. Consequently, enhancing the board level reliability is of primary concern in current WLP design. At the same time, the solder ball shear test has been widely adopted in the electronics industry to estimate the strength of solder ball attachment of advanced electronic packages. A solder ball with low shear strength is usually considered a weak solder joint in package reliability testing. Consequently, demands for increasing the solder ball shear strength have risen in recent years. In order to solve these problems, this research proposed a new WLP design, based on forming a Cu stud on the center of the surface of the solder pad. The solder pad with a round Cu stud was made using a semiconductor manufacturing process. Therefore, this novel Cu stud design technology is workable. To investigate the impact of a Cu stud on the solder ball shear strength and solder joint reliability, 3-D non-linear finite element models were used for the Cu stud design. In shear analysis, this investigation explored the effects of various parameters including the Cu stud’s dimension, shape, and material properties on the solder ball shear strength. Furthermore, the shear force-displacement curves, obtained by computational analysis, were compared with the experimental results to demonstrate the accuracy of the finite element models. In thermal cycling analysis, this research investigated the effects of various parameters, including the Cu stud’s dimension, shape, material properties and the die and PCB thicknesses on the solder joint’s reliability. To demonstrate the accuracy of the finite element models, the analytical results were compared with the experimental results and the experimental data reported in the literature. Comparing the experimental data with the results from the finite element analysis revealed that the finite element analysis was reliable. The analytical results established that a suitable size of Cu stud in a solder ball could effectively enhance the ball’s shear strength. Moreover, the solder joint reliability could be significantly improved by forming large Cu studs on the surfaces of the solder pads of WLP and PCB substrate, and could be further enhanced by combining large Cu studs with thin die. In addition, this research also explored the growth of intermetallic compounds (IMC) under aging for eutectic Sn-Pb solder reflowed on a Cu pad with an Au/Ni surface finish. The effects of the intermetallic layer on the solder ball shear strength were examined for various solder ball sizes, Cu pad sizes and Au layer thicknesses. The IMC growth is dominated by the diffusion-controlled mechanism, in which the vacancy diffusion is the main diffusion mode. The vacancies and atoms can interchange locations continuously. Experimental results indicated that the degradation of the solder ball shear strength was found to be mainly caused by brittle interfacial fracture, due to the formation and growth of the Au0.5Ni0.5Sn4 intermetallic layer. Decreasing the Au layer thickness can reduce the Au weight in the solder and the Au0.5Ni0.5Sn4 thickness, and so avoid the degradation of the solder ball shear strength. The findings of this research can offer designers and manufacturers an index to adjust the design for advanced ball grid array package to enhance their package reliability.
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曾文玉. "Development of On-Line Photocatalyst-Assisted Digestion Device and PMMA Packed Column Coupled with ICP-MS for the Determination of Trace Metals in Freshwater." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03574998729090987686.
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吳俊甫. "Development of online HPLC-PMMA Chip-based Photo-Catalyst Reduction Device (PC2RD)-ICP-MS hyphenated system for determination of selenium species in nature water." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49617898272767421161.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
生醫工程與環境科學系
96
Recently, speciation of selenium has attracted wide attention not only because the narrow threshold concentration range between deficiency and toxicity, but also its complexity in phisco-chemical form presenting in various environment and biological media. In general, the major soluble forms of selenium in nature waters have been proven to be selenite and selenate. The concentrations of selenium species in nature waters are extremely low; therefore, it is of great important to develop a sensitive and selective method for the study of the fate of selenium species in aqueous environment. According to literatures, undoubtedly, HPLC-ICP-MS hyphenated technique is one of the most sensitive method for the determination of trace selenium species. However, the analytical sensitivity of ICP-MS for selenium is highly limited by the high ionization energy (9.75 eV) of selenium and the inferior transport efficiency (mostly 2–3%) provided by traditional sample introduction systems. To compensate for the inferiority of HPLC-ICP-MS system, hydride generation (HG) technique has been successfully used to interface chromatography and spectrometers by enhancing analyte transportation efficiency and sensitivity. Recently, a novel photo-catalyst reduction device (PCRD) was developed, which has been verified as an efficient and high-performing technique for selenite and selenate detection. Because the PCRD was constructed by a PTFE tube, in this study, we intended to develop a PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) Chip-base photo-catalyst reduction device (PC2RD) to improve the light transmission and sensitivity of detection. After the fabrication of meso-fluidic chip by CO2-Laser engraver, a UV lamp with 365 nm wavelength was used for the irradiation. Based on the experimental results, PC2RD system could improve the transport efficiency of analyte selenium species by 20%, comparing to PCRD system. Moreover, it merely needed 29s to transform inorganic selenium into gaseous selenide. The limit of detection of Se(Ⅳ) and Se(Ⅵ) were 4.9 and 3.9 ng/L, respectively. Based on the achieved analytical results, it indicated that our developed HPLC-PC2RD-ICP-MS system is a fast, simple and high sample transportation efficiency method, and has the ability to determine different selenium species in natural waters.
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Wickremasuriya, Boosabaduge Achintha Hiruwan. "Development of a laboratory facility and experiments to support learning IEC 61850 based substation automation." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30992.
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IEC 61850 is rapidly becoming the internationally recognized standard for substation automation systems making it an indispensable element in power system protection and automation education. In order to facilitate teaching this very practical subject, a laboratory setup was developed to demonstrate IEC 61850 station bus inter Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) communication. In this setup, an electrical substation was implemented in a real time digital simulator (RTDS) and protection schemes were implemented in IEC 61850 station bus compliant IEDs from different vendors. Trip signals and breaker statuses were exchanged between RTDS and IEDs using GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) messages. Several protection applications including a novel backup bus protection scheme were developed based on the setup to demonstrate the use of GOOSE messages in time critical applications. The developed test setup along with the designed laboratory exercises will undoubtedly enhance teaching, training and research in this important field.February 2016
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Lin, Cheng-Hsing, and 林政興. "Development of Online HPLC-Chip-Based Immobilized Nano-TiO2 Photocatalytic Reduction Device-ICP-MS System for the Determination of Inorganic Selenium Species in Nature Water." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32186561502055038478.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
生醫工程與環境科學系
98
Since it has been widely recognized that the toxicological behaviors and the biochemical functions of trace elements are highly dependent on chemical forms, to date, the information on selenium speciation has been considered indispensable for the risk assessment and better understanding of its biological behavior. Nowadays, the coupling of HPLC with different on-line detection systems by chemical hydride generation device has been proven very useful for the speciation of trace elements. However, in view of converting Se(VI) into gaseous hydride by traditional methods is limited by its high oxidation potential, a new on-line vapor generation technique permitting rapid and effective formation of hydride species from Se(VI) is still necessary for the construction of an adequate hyphenated system for the speciation of selenium species. Recently, an on-line HPLC-UV/nano-TiO2-ICP-MS system for the determination of inorganic selenium species was reported. Toward the goals of improvement of photocatalytical efficiency and reduction in sample consumption, we intended to develop a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) chip-based photo-reactor as an interfacing device resulting from the specific properties of microspace, and to combine HPLC and ICP-MS for the determination of Se(IV) and Se(VI) in aqueous samples. Meanwhile, to attain low per-unit manufacturing cost and rapid prototyping, a simple CO2 laser engraving technique was employed to fabricate the photo-reactor. Furthermore, to reduce the consumption of nano-TiO2 photocatalyst, we utilized a polyelectrolyte－poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) to assist the immobilization of nano-TiO2 particles onto the channel surface. Based on our experimental results, the device presented a greater stability in vaporization efficiency and lower baseline noise. Under the optimized condition, it merely needed 15s to transform inorganic selenium into gaseous selenide. The limit of detection of Se(IV) and Se(VI) were 0.043 and 0.042 μg L-1, respectively. For the analysis of irrigation water, the concentration of Se(IV) and Se(VI) were 0.109±0.019 and 0.090±0.013 μg L-1. Through a series of validation by analyzing 1643e Standard Reference Material and natural waters, it indicated that the proposed methods can be applied satisfactorily to the determination of inorganic selenium species in water samples. Based on the achieved analytical results, it also indicated that our developed on-line system is a fast, simple, low cost, low reagent consumption and high sample transportation efficiency method.
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Wu, Chun-Wei, and 吳俊緯. "From Disruptive Innovation and Hi-Tech Marketing Perspectives to Explore Personal Computers Innovation Model-Case Study of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.(AMD)." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77275678468439535772.
Full textAbstract:
碩士世新大學
國際經營管理碩士學位學程碩士班
98
Advanced Micro Devices has been competing with Intel in the over than thirty years through disruptive innovation technology. Currently, AMD is the onlyfirm who can provide complete solution of computer in this market through disruptive innovation, the “consumer-centric”,including microprocessor, chipset, and graphic in different computer platform. This research adopts“Qualitative Research”and“Case Study”to understand how AMD devotes its attention to develop its products through disruptive innovation in order to satisfy customer's demand by its low-cost, high stability, and high performance. AMD has presented their abilities of lead technology in different computer development periods. We could to perspective innovation model by “Disruptive Innovation”, “Open Innovation” and “Open Platform”of AMD in PC market. Therefore, we can duplicate this innovation model to create unique successful strategy. The Innovation comes from imitation. AMD once produced Intel-compatible product in early stage, and most products were reflection Intel’s specification in Epoch I/II. But “Imitation is more valuable than innovation”.Imitation is underappreciated. It can be more important to business growth than innovation could be. Imitation is not mindless repetition; it is an intelligent search for cause and effect. Therefore, AMD created successful produce,business model, and market strategy from their unique disruptive innovation technology in each Epoch.
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Patchett, AL. "Toll-like receptors in the endangered Tasmanian devil and devil facial tumour disease." Thesis, 2018. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/28370/1/Patchett_whole_thesis_ex_pub_mat.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Devil facial tumour disease (DFTD) describes two genetically distinct transmissible cancers threatening the survival of the world’s largest carnivorous marsupial, the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii). Denoted DFT1 and DFT2, these aggressive cancers successfully evade immune detection to be transferred as clonal allografts via biting behaviours of the devil. A prophylactic DFTD vaccine will protect Tasmanian devils from transmission of DFT1 and DFT2. As with other vaccines, its success will depend upon the activation of effective immune responses. In human cancer studies, ligands of toll-like receptors (TLRs) are incorporated into immunotherapies and vaccines to provide potent immune stimulation. Conserved TLR genes have been identified in the genome of the Tasmanian devil, and as such TLR ligands could be effective vaccine adjuvants in DFTD. Analysis of TLR signalling in the Tasmanian devil is required to determine whether this is the case, as TLR function has not previously been investigated in any marsupial species.
In this thesis, the role of TLRs in immune activation in the Tasmanian devil has been assessed using gene expression assays, in vitro mononuclear cell (MNC) stimulations and in vivo immunisation trials. Furthermore, the response of DFTD tumour cells to TLR ligands in vitro has also been investigated, as tumour cells frequently express TLRs with a range of anti- and pro-tumoural functions. These analyses revealed that Tasmanian devil MNCs express genes encoding homologues of human TLRs 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 13. Stimulation of these cells with ligands of TLRs increased expression of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1α and interleukin-6, indicating that TLR signalling is functional in the immune system of the Tasmanian devil. In particular, a combination of the TLR ligands poly-ICLC (TLR3) and imiquimod (TLR7) significantly increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines and production of interferon-γ from devil MNCs, suggesting that these ligands may be effective adjuvants in a DFTD vaccine. To confirm this finding, immunisation trials were performed in Tasmanian devils using both model and DFTD antigens. These immunisations revealed that the combination of poly-ICLC and imiquimod activates potent antigen-specific immune responses in Tasmanian devils that are both more rapid and long-lived than responses activated by previously used DFTD vaccine adjuvants. Importantly, this finding reduces the current DFTD immunisation protocol in Tasmanian devils from four to two immunisations. This shorter immunisation protocol will allow for more feasible delivery of DFTD vaccines to affected wild Tasmanian devil populations.
Analysis of the response of DFTD cells to in vitro stimulation with TLR ligands revealed a variety of anti- and pro-tumoural functions. In particular, stimulation of the gram-positive bacterial sensor TLR2/6 increased the expression of both angiogenic and immunosuppressive cytokines from DFT1 cells in culture, highlighting a novel mechanism of immune evasion in DFTD. In comparison, other TLR ligands including poly-IC (TLR3) suppressed DFTD cell proliferation, while imiquimod (TLR7) was demonstrated to be a potent inducer of apoptosis in DFTD cell lines. RNA sequencing and proteomic mass spectrometry analysis of the mechanisms by which imiquimod deregulated DFTD survival demonstrated activation and subsequent overload of oxidative and ER stress responses via TLR7-independent pathways. These findings highlight the potential of stress responses as therapeutic targets in DFTD, and provide the first whole transcriptome and proteome analysis of imiquimod action in any mammalian tumour cell line.
This thesis has expanded the current knowledge of the Tasmanian devil’s immune system by verifying that devils have functional TLRs that respond to a range of prototypic TLR ligands. This is the first description of functional TLRs in any marsupial species, contributing to our understanding of marsupial immunology and the evolution of TLR signalling. This thesis has also identified the TLR ligands poly-ICLC and imiquimod as potent immunostimulatory agents in the Tasmanian devil, and demonstrated that in combination these ligands induce rapid and long-lived antigen-specific responses to DFTD immunisation. These ligands also exhibit antitumour effects in DFTD, suggesting that they may have additional uses as immunomodulatory agents for therapeutic application. This study provides the first analysis of candidate DFTD vaccine adjuvants in Tasmanian devils. Future DFTD vaccines will be formulated with poly-ICLC and imiquimod as adjuvants for improved vaccine efficacy and DFTD protection.
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Chen, Yu, and 陳煜. "Development of On-line HPLC-Chip-based Immobilized AuNPs/TiO2 Photo-catalytic Reduction Device-ICP-MS System for the Determination of Inorganic Arsenic Species in Natural Water." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72537267445270011867.
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Hayes, DA. "Further immunohistochemical (IHC) characterisation of devil facial tumour disease 1 (DFT1) in the Tasmanian Devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)." Thesis, 2019. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31712/1/Hayes_whole_thesis_ex_pub_mat.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
As a veterinary histologist at Tasmania’s Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment (DPIPWE), I am positioned to respond to any emerging biosecurity risk. It was incomprehensible in 2002 to foresee how sectioning and staining the first of an extraordinary number of Tasmanian devil tumours would influence my professional life as a medical scientist. Tasmanian devil numbers plummeted and the likelihood of losing Tasmania’s iconic marsupial to ‘Devil Facial Tumour Disease’ (DFTD) became clearly evident. Research into the aetiology of the transmissible cancer became paramount. I was a co-author on two initial papers by Richmond Loh et al. describing the immunohistochemistry and pathology of DFTD followed by a broader paper by Stephen Pyecroft et al. integrating the histopathology, cytogenetics and epidemiology of this unusual transmissible tumour. Our immunohistochemical research continued to investigate tissue specific markers that define DFTD and its transmissible nature. I dovetailed my research at the Animal Health Laboratory through graduate research at the University of Tasmania where I secured two research grants offered by ‘Save the Tasmanian Devil Program’ (STDP), funding crucial to advancing our research findings. During my candidature, I have tested and validated over 150 commercially available anti-human antibodies on Tasmanian devil (marsupial) tissues, unfortunately sequence homology was not always one hundred percent with approximately half failing to recognise marsupial protein sequences.
DFTD is a clonally evolved tumour of Schwann cell origin affecting Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) and is transferred by biting. This thesis presents my research as two major chapters. Firstly, a very comprehensive immunohistochemical approach investigating neural crest derived Schwann cell and melanocyte associated markers. These findings are novel and will contribute significantly to the understanding of the pathobiology of this unusual tumour. I have prepared the following manuscript pending submission, presented in chapter 1.
Devil Facial Tumour 1 (DFT1) Immunophenotype Reveals a Progenitor-Like Cell with Schwann cell, Melanocyte and Self-Renewal Characteristics.
In addition to gene and protein expression by DFTD, I wanted my immunohistochemical research findings to be applied in a practical way. I identified ERBB3 as a biomarker that can be utilised in both the early detection of DFTD and the identification of potential therapeutic regimes that could be applied therapeutically to wild Tasmanian devils to eradicate this disfiguring and terminal disease. This article was published in 2017 (chapter 2) ahead of the main body of my research (chapter 1) to expedite modes of DFT1 treatment, prevention and eradication which is a high priority of the STDP.
ERBB3: A potential serum biomarker for early detection and therapeutic target for devil facial tumour 1 (DFT1).
In summary, my research has comprehensively redefined the immunophenotype of DFTD, expressing novel proteins not available in the current literature. I show divergent origins of DFTD, a progenitor like cell with Schwann cell and melanocyte lineages, self-renewal characteristics that contributes to MHC down regulation and therefore enhanced transmissibility. I describe for the first time the histomorphology of the 5 strains of DFTD and extensively immunohistochemically stain these strains to determine any variation present. My findings are drafted for imminent manuscript submission. From my research, I published the first description of the expression of ERBB3 by DFTD and its possible early detection and possible therapeutic approach. I also first reported the expression of ERBB3 in cutaneous lymphoma in Tasmanian devils. It is reassuring that two subsequent publications, like ourselves, found ERBB3 to be important in DFTD tumourigenesis.
As unbelievable as it seems researching a transmissible tumour in Tasmanian devils, it would be inconceivable to think I would be involved in a second transmissible tumour however, this is exactly what has happened. At DPIPWE I was involved in the Histology and immunohistochemistry of this newly described Tasmanian devil tumour. During my candidature I collaborated with fellow Tasmanian devil researchers Ruth Pye et al. and Max Stammnitz et al. through STDP by providing histological and immunohistochemical components of the research defining this second devil facial tumour. Our research findings have therefore renamed the original DFTD as DFT1, with the newly described tumour named DFT2, its intention to avoid confusion in the literature. My contribution to DFT2 is outlined in chapter 3 of my thesis. My future directions are to publish unfinished immunohistochemical work completed during my candidature and continue researching DFT1 and DFT2 by collaboration with Tasmanian devil researchers as well as continue histological and immunohistochemical support at the Animal Health Laboratory, DPIPWE.
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Luo, Yu-Ting, and 羅鈺婷. "Development of a TiO2-coated microfluidic-based photocatalyst-assisted reduction device to couple HPLC with ICP-MS for the determination of mercury species in urine and water samples." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2mfr8y.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
生醫工程與環境科學系
105
Mercury (Hg) is one of the most toxic elements impacting on human and ecosystem health. Each form of Hg possesses different physicochemical properties and toxicity profiles. In aquatic environments, the transformation of Hg species makes Hg more prone to biomagnification and bioaccumulation in food chains. In humans, food chain is the predominant route of exposure to Hg while urine is the excretory route. Thus, the concentration of Hg species in water and urine samples is conductive to assessing long-term body exposure. Nevertheless, the determination of Hg is still a challenge for analytical scientists due to the low-level of Hg and complex matrix in samples. To overcome these challenges, we developed a ultrasensitive and highly matrix tolerant microfluidic-based vapor generation (VG) system to couple with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection for the determination of Hg species. The VG system exploited poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates of high optical quality to fabricate a microfluidic-based photocatalyst-assisted reduction device (microfluidic-based PCARD). Under the optimized conditions, the HPLC/TiO2-coated microfluidic-based PCARD/ICP-MS system enabled us to achieve detection limits of 1.39 and 2.95 ng L −1 for mercuric mercury (Hg2+) and methylmercury (MeHg+), respectively. Both Hg2+ and MeHg+ could be efficiently vaporized within 15 s, while a series of validation experiments indicated that our proposed method could be satisfactorily applied to the determination of Hg species in both human urine and environmental water samples.
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Rajabi, Mina. "Flexible and Stretchable Biointerfacing for Healthcare Diagnostics." Licentiate thesis, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-245075.
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Flexible and stretchable wearable biomedical devices provide a platform for continues long-term monitoring of biological signals during neutral body movements thus enabling early intervention and diagnostics of various diseases. This thesis evaluates novel flexible and stretchable bio interfacing medical devices based on microneedle patches and split ring resonator for healthcare diagnostics. Flexible and stretchable microneedle patches were realized by integrating a soft polymer substrate with sharp stainless steel microneedles. This was realized using a magnetic assembly technique. Investigations have shown that the flexible microneedle patch can provide conformal and reliable contact with wrinkles and deformations of the skin. In addition, transdermal monitoring of potassium ions using the proposed flexible microneedle patch have been demonstrated by coating the microneedles with a potassium sensing membrane. Ex-vivo test on the microneedle potassium sensor performed on chicken and porcine skin was able to detect change in potassium concentration in the skin. Furthermore, a novel flexible bio-interface spilt ring resonator (SRR) for the monitoring of intera cranial pressure (ICP) is demonstrated. The sensor was fabricated by depositing a 500 nm gold film on a thermoset thiolene epoxy polymer substrate. The flexible sensor was able to clearly detect the pressure variation that might be an indication of increased ICP in the skull. The proposed methodology of heterogeneous integration of hard materials on a soft and flexible substrate demonstrates a first proof of concept of flexible wearable bio-interfacing devices with vastly different material properties with the potential for continuous and real-time health monitoring.QC 20190306
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Njova, Dion. "Evaluating of DNP3 protocol over serial eastern operating unit substations and improving SCADA performance." Diss., 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27683.
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A thesis which models the DNP3 and IEC 61850 protocol in OPNETSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) is a critical part of monitoring and controlling of the electrical substation. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the performance of the Distributed Network Protocol Version 3.3 (DNP3) protocol and to compare its performance to that of International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) 61850 protocol in an electrical substation communication network environment. Building an electrical substation control room and installing the network equipment was going to be expensive and take a lot of time. The better option was to build a model of the electrical substation communication network and run simulations. Riverbend modeller academic edition known as Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET) was chosen as a software package to model substation communication network, DNP3 protocol and IEC 61850 Protocol stack. Modelling the IEC 61850 protocol stack on OPNET involved building the used Open System Interconnection (OSI) layers of the IEC 61850 protocol stack onto the application definitions of OPNET. The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) configuration settings of DNP3 protocol were also modelled on the OPNET application definitions. The aim is to compare the two protocols and determine which protocol is the best performing one in terms of throughput, data delay and latency. The substation communication model consists of 10 ethernet nodes which simulate protection Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), 13 ethernet switches, a server which simulates the substation Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) and the DNP3 Protocol over TCP/IP simulated on the model. DNP3 is a protocol that can be used in a power utility computer network to provide communication service for the grid components. DNP3 protocol is currently used at Eskom as the communication protocol because it is widely used by equipment vendors in the energy sector. DNP3 protocol will be modelled before being compared to the new recent robust protocol IEC 61850 in the same model and determine which protocol is the best for Eskom on the network of the power grid. The network load and packet delay parameters were sampled when 10%, 50%, 90% and 100% of devices are online. The IEC 61850 protocol model has three scenarios and they are normal operation of a Substation, maintenance in a Substation and Buszone operation at a Substation. In these scenarios packet end to end delay of Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE), vi © University of South Africa 2020 Generic Substation Status Event (GSSE), Sampled Values (SV) and Manufacturing Messaging Specification (MMS) messages are monitored. The throughput from the IED under maintenance and the throughput at the Substation RTU end is monitored in the model. Analysis of the results of the DNP3 protocol simulation showed that with an increase in number of nodes there was an increase in packet delay as well as the network load. The load on the network should be taken into consideration when designing a substation communication network that requires a quick response such as a smart gird. GOOSE, GSSE, SV results on the IEC 61850 model met all the requirements of the IEC 61850 standard and the MMS did not meet all the requirements of the IEC standard. The design of the substation communication network using IEC 61850 will assist when trying to predict the behavior of the network with regards to this specific protocol during maintenance and when there are faults in the communication network or IED’s. After the simulation of the DNP3 protocol and the IEC 61850 the throughput of DNP3 protocol was determined to be in the range (20 – 450) kbps and the throughput of IEC61850 protocol was determined to be in the range (1.6 – 16) Mbps.
College of Engineering, Science and Technology
M. Tech. (Electrical Engineering)
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Murenin, Constantine Aleksandrovich. "OpenBSD Hardware Sensors — Environmental Monitoring and Fan Control." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5234.
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This thesis discusses the motivation, origin, history, design guidelines, API, the device drivers and userland utilities of the hardware sensors framework available in OpenBSD. The framework spans multiple utilities in the base system and the ports tree, is utilised by over 75 drivers, and is considered to be a distinctive and ready-to-use feature that sets OpenBSD apart from many other operating systems, and in its root is inseparable from the OpenBSD experience.
The present framework, however, is missing the functionality that would allow the user to interface with the fan-controlling part of the hardware monitors. We therefore discuss the topic of fan control and introduce sysctl-based interfacing with the fan-controlling capabilities of microprocessor system hardware monitors. The discussed prototype implementation reduces the noise and power-consumption characteristics in fans of personal computers, especially of those PCs that are designed from off-the-shelf components. We further argue that our prototype is easier, more intuitive and robust compared to solutions available elsewhere.
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Seyedi, Mirhojjat. "A Novel Intrabody Communication Transceiver for Biomedical Applications." Thesis, 2014. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/25847/.
Full textAbstract:
Intrabody communication (IBC) is a new physical layer defined in the recently ratified
wireless body area network (WBAN) IEEE 802.15.6 standard. The cable-free
IBC technology uses body tissue as a propagation medium instead of air. While recent
studies have shown a degradation of transmission signal for IBC between limb
segments, these degradations have yet to be quantified with respect to relative limb
positions. The current thesis investigates the influence of human movement on signal
attenuation during IBC considering limb joint effects within the transmission
frequency range 0.3-200 MHz. In-vivo experiments are conducted to determine the
effects of size, situations (flexed or extended), and locations (lower or upper limb) of
joints on the IBC. Results show that the presence of joints along the transmission
path causes high signal attenuation (up to 6.0 dB), the flexed limb exhibits 4.0 dB
less attenuation compared with extended one, and the lower limb joints (knee) shows
higher attenuation (2.0 dB) than upper limb joints, below 60 MHz. We propose a
new IBC circuit model explaining elbow joint effects. The presented model not only
takes the limb joint effects of the body into account but also considers the influence of
measurement equipment in higher frequency band thus predicting signal attenuation
behavior over wider frequency ranges. Results from the model simulation reveal that
the presence of limb joint within the signal transmission path causes an additional 1.0 to 5.2 dB loss at frequencies below 60 MHz for on-body channel length of 20 cm.
The simulation results suggest that the measurement equipment effects are negligible,
below 60 MHz. Finally, this work proposes transmitter and receiver architectures for
intrabody communication. A carrier-free scheme based on impulse radio (IR) for the
IBC (IR-IBC) is implemented on a FPGA. Results demonstrate data rates of up to
1.56 Mbps achievable for the galvanic coupling IBC method.
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Štípek, Radek. "Prvková analýza plochých zobrazovacích zařízení pro urban mining." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-351394.
Full textAbstract:
aaaaaRare earth elements (Sc, Y and group 15 lanthanides) and their compounds currently have significant practical use in metallurgy, glass industry, as highly active catalysts for the production of so-called. NiMH batteries, alloys for the manufacture of permanent magnets and e.g. moderators rods in the nuclear energy, but above all they have an irreplaceable role in modern electronics for phosphors TV screens, CRT earlier today, PDP and LCD monitors and displays, tablets, mobile phones etc., which give them a high-quality picture and sound. Unlike most base and precious metals are concentrated in the conquerable ore deposits, occur in the form of compounds as part of mixed minerals in the rarely economically exploitable concentrations, a mining and processing is costly and negative impacts on the environment, paradoxically towards the title but their overall content in the crust is relatively high, the average concentration in the range of about 150 to 220 ppm. The main world producer of REE, China, in 2010, significantly reduced exports by 40 %, making prices of some REE increased up to 1500 % during the month. Demand for REE is growing, so often talks about the recycling of valuable materials back into production, as called. "Urban mining", ie "urban mining", thereby reducing the amount of...
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Meehan, Crystal Lea. "The role of early versus late gestational maternal immune activation in the aetiology of schizophrenia: establishing a rat model with a focus on cognitive symptomology and neuroinflammation." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1385728.
Full textAbstract:
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Schizophrenia is a debilitating disorder of neurodevelopmental origins that likely stems from the cumulative action of a range of genetic and environmental factors. Epidemiological evidence has identified maternal infection during gestation as one significant environmental risk factor for the development of the disorder. Evidence from animal models has further validated the link between maternal immune activation (MIA) in the absence of an active infection and the later life development of schizophrenia-like pathology in the offspring. In particular, work in mouse models has suggested that the gestational time at which MIA occurs can alter the behavioural and neurobiological phenotype displayed. Specifically, that MIA in late gestation is involved in schizophrenia-relevant cognitive dysfunction and altered NMDA receptor expression, whereas MIA in early gestation is more closely associated with behavioural deficits reminiscent of positive symptomology and dopaminergic neurotransmission. The aim of the current thesis was to extend the mouse findings to another species, the rat, and further explore the effects of MIA. In addition to producing a reliable rat model of schizophrenia where distinct behavioural and neurological phenotypes associated with schizophrenia are produced following MIA at either early or late gestational time-points (gestational day 10 or 19, respectively), the current thesis extends on previous work by examining the schizophrenia biomarker of mismatch negativity and assessing the neuroinflammatory state of offspring. Behavioural assessments revealed that MIA in either early or late gestation produced transient impairments in working memory and reductions in PPI. In these behavioural studies, there was no clear distinction between a dopamine and glutamate-related behavioural phenotype based on the gestational timing of exposure. However, early but not late gestation MIA did produce alterations in the dopaminergic system of males, as indicated by increased dopamine 1 receptor mRNA in the nucleus accumbens. EEG experiments demonstrated that although the male rat brain is able to generate human-like (adaptation-independent) mismatch responses (MMRs), and although MIA (regardless of gestational timing) does alter MMRs, it does not do so in a manner comparable with schizophrenia. Immunohistochemical techniques revealed that MIA does result in subtle neuro-immune changes in adult offspring, with an increase in microglial immunoreactivity identified in the frontal white matter of late, but not early, gestation MIA animals. Furthermore, a strong trend towards increased astrocyte immunoreactivity that approached significance was identified in the prefrontal cortex of late, but not early MIA offspring. The combined results have demonstrated that MIA during the chosen gestational time-points are sufficient to disrupt neurodevelopmental processes producing long-term alterations in behavioural and neuropathological measures relevant to schizophrenia. However, the phenotype characterised here deviates slightly from previous findings from mouse models indicating potential differences in the critical periods of neurodevelopmental susceptibility to MIA exposure between the rat and mouse. Importantly this research has provided insights into the underlying neuro-immune changes which may contribute to the behavioural abnormalities seen in adult MIA offspring and has provided evidence that MIA in rats can alter the prominent schizophrenia relevant electrophysiological biomarker of adaptation-independent MMRs, providing a basis to further investigate these measures and their underlying mechanisms.