Dissertations / Theses: 'IPAQ'

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Koskelin, Kelly 1980. "EProf : an energy profiler for the iPAQ." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28430.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 37-38).
In this thesis, I designed and built EProf, a system that profiles the energy use of a Compaq iPAQ. Energy profilers help determine what parts of code are most energy-intensive so that programmers can concentrate on software hotspots. EProf uses statistical sampling to measure an iPAQ's energy use under a variety of working conditions. The EProf infrastructure is a foundation for further work on portable, online energy profiling.
by Kelly Koskelin.
M.Eng.

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Procino, Filippo. "Analisi Quantitativa del Dispendio Energetico e delle Caratteristiche della Dieta nel Paziente con Diabete Mellito: Applicazioni Cliniche di Protocolli Innovativi." Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/331790.

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INTRODUZIONE: Gli interventi sullo stile di vita, in particolar modo l’attività fisica e la dieta, rappresentano la prima scelta terapeutica nella gestione dei pazienti diabetici. Tuttavia anche la terapia non farmacologica richiede l’adattamento e la personalizzazione al singolo individuo. Le metodiche di valutazione dell’attività fisica e di indagine nutrizionale più accurate risultano laboriose, costose ed a volte invasive e quindi mal si adattano alle necessità e alle risorse tipiche delle realtà ambulatoriali. Gli obiettivi di questo lavoro sono stati: 1) definire il dispendio da attività fisica di persone affette da vari tipi di diabete (diabete tipo 2, diabete tipo 1, diabete gestazionale) attraverso modalità di indagine validate, semplici e realizzabili su ampia scala in un setting ambulatoriale; 2) correlare i dati sull’attività fisica con i principali parametri antropometrici, metabolici e di rischio cardiovascolare; 3) verificare l’applicabilità di questo sistema di indagine in una popolazione di pazienti anziani; 4) elaborare un metodo di valutazione semplificato per l’aderenza alle indicazioni della terapia nutrizionale. MATERIALI E METODI: Sono stati reclutati 677 pazienti affetti da diabete; dei quali 101 affetti da diabete tipo 1 (DM1) e 576 affetti da diabete tipo 2 (DM2). E’ stato analizzato anche un sottogruppo di pazienti gravide con diabete: 63 pazienti gestanti affette da diabete. Per la sotto-analisi relativa alla popolazione anziana, l’intera coorte è stata suddivisa in base all’età in pazienti “giovani” (< 65anni) e “anziani” (>65 anni). In tutti i pazienti è stato valutato il dispendio energetico da attività fisica mediante l’uso di un questionario di valutazione IPAQ. In un sottogruppo di 200 pazienti, infine, è stato testato un questionario alimentare semplificato, appositamente creato, con l’obiettivo di delineare in maniera rapida le caratteristiche della dieta dei soggetti in studio. Il rischio cardiovascolare è stato stimato mediante l’algoritmo UKPDS. Il confronto tra due gruppi di medie è stato eseguito mediante test t di Student per campioni indipendenti; il confronto tra più gruppi mediante ANOVA One Way ed analisi post hoc di Tukey. Le differenze di frequenze sono state analizzate mediante tabella di contingenza 2 x 2 e test χ-quadro. È stata inoltre effettuata un’analisi di correlazione mediante test di Pearson. RISULTATI: Il 61% dei pazienti DM1 ed il 55,9 % dei DM2 hanno mostrato un livello di dispendio energetico classificato come basso. Suddividendo i pazienti in base ai quartili (q) di spesa energetica (espressa in METs) abbiamo, rilevato nei pazienti diabetici autoimmuni, differenze statisticamente significative nella distribuzione del peso (2°q: 74.86 vs 4°q: 65.16 Kg; p=0.023) e dei Trigliceridi (2°q: 98.21vs 2°q: 58.29mg/dl; p=0.014); nei DM2 abbiamo rilevato una ridotta percentuale di rischio di ictus (1°q: 15.55 vs 4°q: 10.47%; p<0.05) di patologie coronariche (1°q: 20.72 vs 4°q: 16.27%; p<0.05) e di patologie coronariche fatali (1°q: 15.84 vs 4°q: 11.5%; p<0.05) nei quartili di spesa energetica superiore al primo. Il 45% delle pazienti gravide esaminate hanno mostrato un livello di dispendio energetico basso. Suddividendo per livelli di dispendio energetico abbiamo rilevato differenze significative nella distribuzione di col tot (basso: 250.67 vs medio: 157.33mg/dl; p<0.05) e trigliceridi (basso: 194 vs medio: 53.33mg/dl; p<0.05). Tra i pazienti anziani esaminati, il 55,6% hanno mostrato un dispendio energetico basso. Analizzando i pazienti per dispendio energetico abbiamo rilevato una differenza tendenzialmente significativa nella distribuzione dell’età (basso: 73.2 vs medio: 71.7anni; p=0.052) e della durata della malattia (basso: 14.16 vs alto: 8.82anni; p=0.057). Valutando i risultati del sottogruppo di pazienti sottoposti al questionario alimentare (punteggio min: 28 max: 112 punti) abbiamo rilevato che: il 4% dei pazienti ha ottenuto un punteggio basso (50-70 punti), medio il 78,5% (71-91 punti), alto il 17,5% (92-112 punti). Il punteggio totale del questionario correla negativamente con il BMI medio (R2: -0,125; p=0,079), e con i valori di transaminasi-GTP (R2: -0,240; p=0,044). CONCLUSIONI: L’analisi dei dati conferma che la maggior parte dei soggetti in esame hanno un grado di dispendio energetico basso, e questo suggerisce che l’implementazione della modifica dello stile di vita dovrebbe essere affrontata come un problema sociale di primaria importanza. È stata evidenziata per la prima volta una correlazione diretta tra entità del dispendio energetico e riduzione del rischio cardiovascolare: ciò appare particolarmente importante, nell’ottica dell’approccio globale al paziente diabetico. Le metodiche indagate potrebbero risultare utili nell’individuazione rapida di gruppi di pazienti omogenei da indirizzare a determinati interventi terapeutici e preventivi, al fine di personalizzare sempre più le scelte terapeutiche ed ottimizzare le risorse a disposizione dei singoli ambulatori.

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Azevedo, Maria João Cerejeira Macedo. "Padrão de atividade física dos adultos jovens de uma freguesia de Vila do Conde." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/6085.

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Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em Enfermagem
A associação entre a prática de atividade física e um melhor padrão de saúde tem sido relatada na literatura. A prática de exercício físico de forma regular influencia a qualidade de vida da pessoa. Por isso, conhecer o padrão de atividade física constitui o primeiro passo para a definição de qualquer programa de saúde. A importância da atividade física como um recurso para prevenir e controlar as doenças que não são de declaração obrigatória (ex. diabetes, doenças cardiovasculares, etc.) assim como para a definição de programas, politicas e guidelines tem vindo a ser assumido pelas entidades nacionais (DGS) e internacionais (OMS).Todavia, a evidência sobre o padrão de atividade física da população portuguesa é escassa. Por conseguinte, enveredou-se por uma investigação que toma como objeto de estudo a caracterização da atividade física. O estudo desenvolvido teve como objetivos: (1) caracterizar o padrão de atividade física de jovens adultos de uma freguesia de Vila do Conde; (2) caracterizar o padrão de atividade física segundo o género dos jovens adultos de uma freguesia de Vila do Conde; e, (3) analisar a diferença ao nível do padrão de atividade física dos jovens adultos em função do género, estado civil, nível de ensino e idade.Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, correlacional e inserido no paradigma quantitativo. A população em estudo versa adultos jovens, de uma freguesia de Vila do Conde. Participaram no estudo 30 adultos jovens de ambos os sexos, que soubessem ler e escrever e que aceitassem participar no estudo. Para a recolha de dados recorreu-se ao Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) – Versão Curta. O instrumento de recolha de dados foi constituído por duas partes: a primeira parte, elaborada especificamente para o estudo, contemplou cinco questões que visaram a caracterização da amostra; e, a segunda, constituída pelo IPAQ. Os principais resultados indicam que a maior parte dos participantes neste estudo pode ser considerado dentro do padrão de Atividade Física “ativo” definidos pela classificação da OMS. Na análise comparativa entre homens e mulheres, os homens reportaram padrão de atividade física superior aos das mulheres. Na análise da diferençado padrão de atividade física em função das variáveis idade, estado civil, género e nível de ensino, verificou-se não existir diferença significativa. O impacto de intervenções no âmbito de promover a atividade física precisa ser mais explorado através de estudos sistemáticos. Desta forma, poder-se-á definir programas promotoras da atividade física da população.
The association between physical activity practice and a better standard of health has been reported in the literature. The practice of physical activity on a regular basis influences the quality of life of the person. Therefore, knowing the pattern of physical activity is the first step in the definition of any health program. The importance of physical activity as a resource to prevent and control non-mandatory diseases (e.g. diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc.) as well as the definition of programs, policies and guidelines has been assumed by the national entities (DGS) and international (WHO). However, the evidence on the physical activity pattern of the Portuguese population is scarce. Therefore, an investigation was undertaken that assumes as object of study the characterization of physical activity of a young adult population. The study objectives were: (1) to characterize the physical activity pattern of young adults in a village of Vila do Conde; (2) to characterize the pattern of physical activity according to the gender of the young adults of a parish of Vila do Conde; and (3) to analyse the difference in the physical activity pattern of young adults according to gender, marital status, educational level and age.The study is a descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study inserted in the quantitative paradigm. The population under study is young adults, from a village in Vila do Conde. The study involved 30 young adults of both sexes, who could read and write, and who agreed to participate in the study. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) – Short Version – was used to collect data. The data collection instrument consisted of two parts: the first part, elaborated specifically for the study, included five questions that aimed to characterize the sample; and the second part, constituted by IPAQ. The main results of the study indicate that most of the participants in this study can be considered within the "active" physical activity pattern as defined by the WHO. In the comparative analysis between men and women, men reported a higher level of physical activity than women. In the analysis of the difference of the physical activity patternaccording to the variables age, marital status, gender and level of education, there was no significant difference. The impact of interventions to promote physical activity needs to be further explored through systematic studies. In this way, it will be possible to define programs that promote the population's physical activity.
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Mattos, Antonio José Cordeiro. "Padrões de atividade física e dislipidemia entre moradores de áreas urbana e rural no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-05122014-101310/.

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Introdução São escassas as evidências do impacto dos padrões de atividade física (AF) e local de residência (rural e urbano) para a dislipidemia e ao perfil lipídio. Objetivos Avaliar a associação dos padrões de atividade física e local de residência (urbano e rural) com dislipidemia. Associar a correlação do gasto energético estimado em Mets e valores e frações de colesterol e triglicérides. Metodologia Estudo Transversal em coorte prospectiva, com 4551 indivíduos com idade entre 35 e 70 anos de áreas urbana e rural. A AF foi avaliada utilizando o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). Foi realizada regressão múltipla para a associação de AF e local de residência com o tipo de dislipidemia. A regressão linear foi realizada para avaliar o efeito da AF e local de residência nos valores e frações de colesterol e triglicérides. Resultados A prevalência de baixa AF no rural foi de 5,1 por cento (mulheres 4,3 por cento e homens 6,0 por cento ), urbano 11,2 por cento (7,9 por cento mulheres e 5,5 por cento homens), p<0,001. A dislipidemia ocorreu em 75,3 por cento do rural e 68 por cento do urbano (p<0,001). Em mulheres 80,6 por cento do rural e 65,7 por cento do urbano (p<0,001), homens 69,1 por cento do rural e 71 por cento do urbano (p=0,369). O perfil lipídico das mulheres em mediana foi: colesterol total (CT) rural 194,51 mg/dl, e urbano 201,5 mg/dl (p<0,001), HDL rural 44,5 mg/dl e urbano 50,1 mg/dl (p<0,001) LDL rural 120,3 mg/dl e urbano 122,6 mg/dl (p=0,35), triglicérides rural 127,1 mg/dl e urbano 117,8 (p<0,001). Em homens as medianas foram: CT rural 189,5 mg/dl e urbano 196,1 mg/dl (p=0,002), HDL rural 40,2 mg/dl e urbano 41,8 mg/dl (p<0,001), LDL rural 118,3 mg/dl e urbano 121,4 mg/dl (p=0,5), triglicérides rural 131,1 mg/dl l e urbano 147,0 mg/dl (p=0,001). A dislipidemia por HDL baixo foi a mais frequente. AF domiciliar, transporte e trabalho estão associados com a redução do risco de dislipidemia. Em mulheres, o efeito no HDL da AF domiciliar foi no rural 1,001 mg/dl (p=0,021) e no urbano 1,114 mg/dl (p<0,001). Em homens do grupo urbano, o efeito de AF de transporte foi -1,42 mg/dl (p<0,001) no LDL. O efeito da AF de trabalho no HDL foi no rural 1,002 mg/dl (p<0,001) e urbano 0,042 mg/dl (p=0,04) Conclusão Existem fortes indícios da interação da atividade física e local de residência com as dislipidemias e perfil lipídico. As associações encontradas entre as atividades físicas domiciliar, transporte e trabalho e dislipidemias sugerem caminhos complementares nas estratégias de prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares na população brasileira.
Introduction There is scarce evidence about the impact of physical activity (PA) and residence area (rural and urban) on dyslipidemia and lipid profile. Objectives To assess the association between patterns of physical activity, residence area (rural or urban) and dyslipidemia. To assess the correlation between energy expenditure in estimated Mets and total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and l triglycerides levels. Methodology A cross sectional evaluation in a prospective cohort with 4551 individuals aged between 35 and 70 years from rural and urban areas. The PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine the association between PA and residence area and the type of dyslipidemia. Linear regression was used to determine the effect of PA on the cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides levels. Results The prevalence of low PA in rural individuals was 5.1 per cent (4.3 per cent women and 6.0 per cent men), urban 11.2 per cent (7.9 per cent women and 5.5 per cent men), p<0,001. Dyslipidemia was present in 75.3 per cent of rural and 68 per cent of urban individuals (p<0.001). In rural women 80.6 per cent and urban women 65.7 per cent (p <0.001), rural men 69.1 per cent and urban men 71 per cent (p=0.369). The medians of lipid levels among women were: total cholesterol (CT) 164,5 mg/dl rural and 201,5 mg/dl urban (p<0,001), HDL 44,5 mg/dl rural and 50,1mg/dl (p<0,001), LDL 120,3 mg/dl rural e 122,6 mg/dl urban (p=0,35), triglycerides 127,1 mg/dl rural e 117,8 urban (p<0,001). Among men the medians of lipid levels were CT 189,5 mg/dl rural e 196,1 mg/dl urban (p=0,002), HDL 40,2 mg/dl rural e 41,8 mg/dl urban (p<0,001), LDL 118,3 mg/dl rural e 121,4 mg/dl urban (p=0,5), triglycerides 131,1 mg/dl rural e 147,0 mg/dl urban (p=0,001). Low HDL level was the most frequent. Household, transportation and occupational PA are associated with reduced risk of dyslipidemia. The effect of household PA on HDL level was 1,001 mg/dl among rural women (p=0.021) and 1,114 mg/dl (p<0.001) among urban women. In urban men, the effect of transportation PA on LDL level was -1.42 mg/dl (p<0.001). The effects of occupational PA on HDL level was 1.002 mg/dl among rural men (p<0.001) and 0.042 mg/dl among urban men (p=0.04). Conclusion There are strong indications about the interaction of physical activity and residence area with dyslipidemia and lipid profile. The observed associations between household, transportation, occupational physical activities and dyslipidemia suggest complementary ways in strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention in the Brazilian population.

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Jorge, Juliana de Góes. "Nível de atividade física e evolução intra-hospitalar de pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2011. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3753.

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), whose main pathological substrate is atherosclerosis, constitutes a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the modern world. Physical inactivity, present in 85% of the population, is considered a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. This investigation was conducted to determine the degree of physical activity in patients with ACS, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), consorting with the in-hospital prognosis. It is an observational and analytical study, using 215 subjects, consecutively, admitted with a diagnosis of ACS in cardiology reference hospital from July 2009 to February 2011. All volunteers answered a short version of IPAQ and were followed regarding the appearance of cardiovascular events (CVE) during hospitalization from standardized assessment administered by the investigator, corroborated with data from medical records. To evaluate the association between physical activity and presence of in-hospital complication, we chose the logistic regression technique to determine the odds ratio adjusted and unadjusted. The patients were admitted with a diagnosis of unstable angina (34.4%), Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) without ST elevation (41.4%) and AMI with ST elevation (24.2%), and were classified as sedentary (39.5%), insufficiently active (16.7%), assets (35.8%) and very active (7.9%). From the standpoint of baseline, the sedentary group was older (p = 0.001), showed higher frequency of prior episodes of congestive heart failure (0.01) compared to the others and has higher systolic blood pressure, (p = 0, 05) that group is very active. It was verified the presence of ECV in 49.8% of the sample, with a linear trend in increasing frequency of acute pulmonary edema (p = 0.01), recurrent ischemia (p = 0.03) and atrial fibrillation (p ˂ 0.001), as a decrement in the level of physical activity. The occurrence of in-hospital complication was associated with length of hospitalization (OR = 1.14) and sedentary lifestyle (OR = 5.78), regardless of age, systolic blood pressure and history of congestive heart failure. Therefore, it is concluded that physical inactivity predicts ECV during hospitalization of patients with ACS.
A Síndrome Coronariana Aguda (SCA), cujo principal substrato anatomopatológico é a aterosclerose, constitui uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade do mundo moderno. O sedentarismo, presente em 85% da população brasileira, é considerado fator de risco para o surgimento da aterosclerose. A presente investigação foi conduzida visando determinar o grau de atividade física em portadores de SCA, mediante a utilização do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), associando com o prognóstico intra-hospitalar. Trata-se de estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, utilizando-se 215 sujeitos admitidos, consecutivamente, com diagnóstico de SCA em hospital de referência cardiológica no período de julho de 2009 a fevereiro de 2011. Todos os voluntários responderam à versão curta do IPAQ e foram seguidos quanto ao aparecimento de eventos cardiovasculares (ECV) durante o internamento, a partir de avaliação padronizada, administrada pelo pesquisador, corroborada com os dados do prontuário médico. Para avaliar a associação entre nível de atividade física e presença de complicação intra-hospitalar, optou-se pela técnica de regressão logística para determinação da razão de chance ajustada e não ajustada. Os pacientes foram internados com o diagnóstico de: angina instável (34,4%), Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio (IAM) sem supra de ST (41,4%) e IAM com supra de ST (24,2%), sendo classificados como: sedentários (39,5%), insuficientemente ativos (16,7%), ativos (35,8%) e muito ativos (7,9%). Do ponto de vista basal, o grupo de sedentários era mais idoso (p=0,001), exibia maior frequência de episódio anterior de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (0,01) comparada aos demais integrantes e apresentava pressão arterial sistólica mais elevada (p=0,05) que o grupo de muito ativo. Constatou-se a presença de ECV em 49,8% da amostra, com tendência linear crescente na frequência de edema agudo do pulmão (p=0,01), de isquemia recorrente (p=0,03) e de fibrilação atrial (p˂0,001), conforme decremento do nível de atividade física. A ocorrência de complicação intra-hospitalar esteve associada ao tempo de internamento (OR=1,14) e sedentarismo (OR=5,78), independente da idade, pressão arterial sistólica e passado de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. Portanto, conclui-se que o sedentarismo prediz ECV durante o internamento de portadores de SCA.

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Kleinauskienė, Lina. "Tarptautinio fizinio aktyvumo klausimyno trumposios lietuviškos versijos (IPAQ-LT) patikimumo ir pagrįstumo nustatymas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120620_161005-18476.

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Tyrime dalyvavo 18 - 69 metų amžiaus 92 tiriamieji, 63 moterys ir 29 vyrai. Darbe naudoti tiesioginis (akselerometrija) ir netiesioginis (IPAQ-LT trumposios versijos klausimynas) metodai, siekiant įvertinti tiriamųjų bendrą savaitės fizinį aktyvumą ir palyginti gautus duomenis tarpusavyje. Kiekvienas tyrimo dalyvis IPAQ-LT trumposios versijos anketą pildė baigęs fizinio aktyvumo (FA) vertinimą akselerometru (buvo prisimenamas FA praėjusios savaitės – pirmas anketų pildymo atvejis) ir kitą - po savaitės baigus FA vertinimą akselerometru (buvo prašoma ,,prisiminti“ FA vykusį už praėjusią savaitę - antras anketų pildymo atvejis). Pagal IPAQ-LT trumposios versijos pirmo ir antro anketos pildymo atvejų gautus bendrus savaitės fizinio aktyvumo duomenis, tarp pirmo ir antro anketos pildymo atvejų egzistuoja vidutinis koreliacinis ryšys (rho=0,531, p=0,01). Vertinant akselerometro pagalba gautus duomenis ir lyginant juos su anketų duomenimis (bendro savaitės fizinio aktyvumo pirmo ir antro anketos pildymo atvejų) tarp akselerometro nustatyto FA ir IPAQ-LT pirmo anketų pildymo atvejo egzistuoja silpnas koreliacinis ryšys (r=0,270, p=0,009), o tarp antro IPAQ-LT anketų pildymo atvejo – labai silpnas ryšys (r=0,057, p=0,591). Tyrimo metu gauti rezultatai leidžia teigti, kad dauguma tyrime dalyvavusių savanorių savo fizinį aktyvumą buvo linkę pervertinti. Tyrimo objektas - IPAQ-LT trumposios versijos klausimynas ir jo patikimumo bei pagrįstumo nustatymas. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The study involved 92 18 - 69 year old subjects, 63 women and 29 men. In our work we used the direct (accelerometer) and indirect (IPAQ-LT short version of the questionnaire) methods to assess the total weekly physical activity and compare the findings with each other. Each study participant the first International physical activity questionnaire short Lithuanian version filled when completed physical activity estimation with accelerometer (physical activity was remembered of the last week - the first case of the questionnaires filling and another - after a week when physical activity estimation was completed with accelerometer (was asked „to remember“ physical activity that was done for the last week - the second case of the questionnaires filling). According to the IPAQ-LT short version the first and second questionnaire filling cases received the total weekly physical activity data between the first and second questionnaire filling cases exists a moderate correlation (rho=0,531, p=0,01). Evaluating the data of accelerometer and comparing them with the questionnaire data (the first and second guestionnaire filling cases of the total weekly physical activity) between the accelerometer and the the first guestionnaires filling case there is a small correlation (r=0,270, p=0,009), but between the second guestionnaires filling case - a very small (negligible) correliation (r=0,057, p=0,591). The study results suggest that the majority of volunteers in the study of their... [to full text]

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Campos, João Paulo Poças Pires de. "Atividade física, composição corporal e qualidade de vida: estudo comparativo entre as profissões docente, de enfermagem e bancária." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15535.

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Grande parte da literatura existente no âmbito do exercício físico e saúde evidencia que, inatividade física é sedentarismo e vice-versa, sendo consensual que as suas implicações na saúde e na Qualidade de Vida (QV) das pessoas são mais do que evidentes. Elevados custos, diretos e indiretos, para o país associados a baixos índices de Atividade Física (AF) foram identificados por alguns autores. Considerado por alguns como a grande epidemia atual, o sedentarismo constitui-se como um dos fatores de risco de primeira linha, no desenvolvimento das chamadas doenças “de civilização” ou doenças crónico degenerativas. A avaliação da AF complementada com a avaliação da Composição Corporal (CC) e da QV, assumem-se como instrumentos importantes no fomento e promoção de estilos de vida mais ativos por parte da população. É nesta ótica, e comungando integralmente das preocupações e alertas manifestados por diversas organizações e sociedades científicas internacionais, relativamente aos perigos associados à inatividade física, que este estudo teve, em grande parte, a sua génese. Assim, e tendo em atenção a escassez de estudos envolvendo grupos profissionais perfeitamente enraizados na sociedade, assumiram-se como principais objetivos: caracterizar, avaliar e comparar os níveis de AF, a CC e a QV de três profissões, nomeadamente, a bancária, a docente e a de enfermagem e, também, averiguar, em cada um destes grupos profissionais, os efeitos da AF na CC e na QV, assim como, da CC na QV. A amostra foi constituída por vinte enfermeiras (40,8±7,24 anos de idade e IMC médio de 23,6±3,1 kg/m2), vinte bancárias (38,20±6,25 anos de idade e IMC médio de 24,7±4,8 kg/m2) e vinte professoras do Ensino Básico e Secundário (44,45±8,15 anos de idade e IMC médio de 23,1±3,3 kg/m2), perfazendo um N total de sessenta indivíduos do sexo feminino. Todos os sujeitos foram submetidos à avaliação da AF (via IPAQ curto e via acelerometria), da CC (IMC, PC e %MG) e da QV (via WHOQOL-Bref). Para a avaliação da %MG foiutilizada a balança TANITA TBF – 300. Na acelerometria foi utilizado o acelerómetro GT1M durante cinco dias, três de semana e dois de fim de semana. Observou-se que, relativamente à AF, apenas os resultados obtidos via questionário permitiram distinguir os grupos entre si. Porém, nenhum deles cumpre as recomendações mínimas de AF consentâneas com a saúde, segundo os principais organismos nacionais e internacionais. Não foram produzidas evidências que permitissem afirmar que os três grupos diferem entre si tanto a nível da CC como da QV. Na QV, os indícios vão no sentido de que cada grupo está globalmente satisfeito. Já quanto à CC, apesar de não se terem verificado grandes desvios relativamente às referências de saúde, em alguns grupos, determinados resultados obtidos são suscetíveis de alguma preocupação. Por fim, não ficaram totalmente evidenciadas as relações entre AF e CC, AF e QV e entre CC e QV; ABSTRACT:Much of the literature in the context of physical exercise and healthcare shows that physical inactivity is sedentarism and vice versa, and agreed that the implications for health and quality of life (QOL) is more than evident. Some authors have identified high costs, direct and indirect, for the country associated with low levels of physical activity (PA). Considered by some as the great current epidemic, the sedentary lifestyle forms an essential part of a first line risk factor for the development of diseases called "of civilization" or chronic degenerative diseases. The evaluation of PA complemented with the assessment of Body Composition (BC) and QOL, are assumed to be as important tools in fostering and promoting more active lifestyles among the population. It is from this perspective and wholly communing from warnings and concerns expressed by various organizations and international scientific societies, about the dangers associated with physical inactivity, that this study has in large part its genesis. Thus, taking into account the scarcity of studies involving occupational groups perfectly rooted in society, were assumed as main objectives: to characterize, evaluate and compare the levels of PA, BC and QOL of three professions, namely, banking, teaching and nursing, and also, to determine in each of these professional groups, the effects of PA in BC and in QOL, as well as the BC in QOL. The sample consisted of twenty nurses (40.8 ± 7.24 years and mean BMI of 23.6 ± 3.1 kg/m2), twenty bank workers (38.20 ± 6.25 years and mean BMI 24.7 ± 4.8 kg/m2) and twenty teachers of the Elementary and Secondary Education (44.45 ± 8.15 years of age and BMI of 23.1 ± 3.3 kg/m2), making a N total of sixty females subjects. All subjects underwent assessment of the PA (via short IPAQ and via accelerometry), BC (BMI, %FM and WP) and QOL (via WHOQOL-Bref). For the evaluation of %FM was used the TANITA TBF - 300 scale. In the accelerometry was used the GT1M accelerometer for five days, three days during the week and two days during the weekend.It was observed that, for PA, only the results obtained by questionnaire allowed to distinguish between groups. However, none of them meets the minimum recommendations of PA in line with healthcare, according to the main national and international organizations. Has not been produced evidence that would permit state that the three groups differ in both BC and QOL. In QOL, the evidence points in the sense that each group is globally satisfied. As for the BC, although there have been no large deviations from healthcare reference, in some groups, certain results are susceptible of some concern. Finally, were not fully evidenced the relationships between PA and BC, PA and QOL and between BC and Q

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Wäppling, Louise, and Misja Holst. "En korrelationsstudie om stress : Är fysisk aktivitet och sömn effektiva medel för att reducera stress?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80161.

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Stress kan idag ses som ett av det moderna västerländska samhällets största folkhälsoproblem, där risken för att utveckla stressinducerade sjukdomar är hög. Forskning har funnit bevis på att fysisk aktivitet och sömn kan reducera stress, huruvida är det få studier som har kombinerat dessa två variabler för att undersöka högskole-och universitetsstudenters stressnivåer. Målet för studien är att undersöka om det finns en korrelation mellan studenters sömnvanor, grad av fysisk aktivitet och individernas upplevda stress. Studiens syfte besvarades med hjälp av två hypoteser; 1. Graden av fysisk aktivitet reducerar studenters stressnivåer, 2. Hög kvalitativ sömn reducerar studenters stressnivåer. Fortsättningsvis användes Krav-kontrollmodellen av Karasek och Theorell (1990) för att förstå studenternas stressreaktioner. Datainsamlingen skedde via instrumenten Perceived Stress Scale - 10 (PSS-10), Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), och Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire (KSQ) vid ett universitet i södra Småland. Studien fann ingen signifikant korrelation mellan stress, sömnvanor och fysisk aktivitet.
Stress can today be seen as one of the western world’s greatest health concerns, where the risk for developing stress-inducing illness is high. Research have found evidence that physical activity and sleep have a stress reducing effect, however, there are few studies that have combined these two variables to analyse students stress levels. The purpose of this essay is to analyse the correlation between university students sleeping behaviour, levels of physical activity and perceived stress. The study uses two hypothesis; 1. higher levels of physical activity reduces university students stress levels, 2. high quality sleep reduces university students stress levels. The job demand control model by Karasek and Theorell (1990) was used to understand the individuals stress reactions. The data was collected at a university in the south of Sweden using the instruments Perceived Stress Scale - 10 (PSS-10), Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire (KSQ). The study found no significant correlation between the three variables stress, sleep and physical activity.

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Livingston, Nicholas B. "AN EXPLORATION OF BIOLOGICALLY-INSPIRED ROBOT INTELLIGENCE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1189180311.

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Becker, Johan. "Sambandet mellan fysisk aktivitet, socioekonomisk status och studieresultat för elever på gymnasiet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71014.

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Syftet med denna studie var att analysera sambandet mellan fysisk aktivitet och betyg i idrott och hälsa, samt mellan ett viktat betyg i matematik, svenska, engelska och idrott och hälsa och fysisk aktivitet. Studien undersöker vidare om det finns något samband mellan socioekonomisk status och fysisk aktivitet och med ett viktat betyg. Studien utfördes på gymnasieelever från två gymnasieskolor i Örebro och Värmlands län. 158 elever (92 flickor, 66 pojkar) deltog i studien. Det internationella aktivitetsformuläret, IPAQ, användes för skattning av fysisk aktivitet. Eleverna fick uppge sitt senaste betyg i svenska, engelska, matematik och idrott och hälsa samt svara på frågor kopplade till socioekonomiska bakgrundsfaktorer. Resultaten visade att det fanns ett måttligt linjärt samband mellan betyg i idrott och hälsa och fysisk aktivitet (r=0.48); och ett svagt linjärt samband mellan det viktade betyget och fysisk aktivitet (r=0.30). Resultatet visade att de starkaste sambanden återfanns för det socioekonomiska indexet (SEI), både för fysisk aktivitet och (p<0.001, r=0.35) respektive för det viktade betyget (p<0.001, r=0.332). Dock fanns tendenser att sambandet blev starkare vid modelleringen att vid en ökad fysisk aktivitet ökade betygen för att därefter minska när den fysiska aktiviteten ökade ännu mer. Ytterligare forskning bör därmed fokusera på huruvida ett för stort fokus på fysisk aktivitet kan hindra skolarbetet.
The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between physical activity and the grade in physical education, but also the correlation with a weighted grade (Mathematics, Swedish, English and Physical Education) and physical activity (metabolic index). The study further investigates whether there is any correlation between socioeconomic status and physical activity and socioeconomic status with a weighted grade. The study was carried out on high school students from two upper secondary schools in Sweden. 158 students (92 girls, 66 boys) participated in the study. The international activity form, IPAQ, was used to estimate physical activity. The students were asked to give their latest grades in swedish, english, mathematics and physical education, and answer questions related to socioeconomic background factors. The results showed that there was a moderately linear relationship between grades in physical education and physical activity (r = 0.48); and a weak linear relationship between the weighted grade and physical activity (r = 0.30). The result showed that the strongest correlations were found for the socioeconomic index (SEI), both for physical activity and (p <0.001, r = 0.35) and for the weighted grade (p <0.001, r = 0.33). However, there were tendencies that the correlation became stronger when modelling that with increased physical activity the grades would increase, in order to subsequently decrease when the physical activity increased even more. Further research should focus on whether too much focus on physical activity can impede school work.

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Medeiros, Michelly Cristina Barbosa de. "Valida??o do question?rio Internacional de Atividade F?sica (IPAQ) atrav?s da acelerometria em idosas." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16690.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:16:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MichellyCBM_DISSERT.pdf: 583950 bytes, checksum: 4a3facfaef9f9ccddfa1dbebe6a8acc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-05
Physical activity is one of the main components of a healthy lifestyle, responsible for many health benefits. Despite being considered important for both disease prevention and health promotion there is high prevalence of sedentary behavior in the elderly population. Questionnaires are practical and feasible instruments for assessing levels of physical activity. However, they may have limitations in older age ranges. Accelerometers, movement sensors that make physical activity data more objective, emerge as reliable measuring devices. Aim: Determine the validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) adapted for elderly with accelerometry in elderly women. Methods: 57 elderly women, with mean age of 66.05 ? 5.98 years who took part in hypertension control and physical activity incentive programs were assessed in relation to objective and subjective measures of physical activity. The accelerometer was used for 07 consecutive days, 24 hours per day before the IPAQ was applied. Data were analyzed using measures of central tendency and dispersion to characterize the sample according to variables collected. To check the validity of the data we used the Spearman correlation test, considering a significance level of p <0.05. Results: With respect to the categories of physical activity obtained by IPAQ, 46.4% developed moderate physical activity, followed by a high (30.3%) and low level (23.2%). There was a negative correlation only between self-reported time spent sitting and time spent on light activities as measured by accelerometry (r = - 0.408; p = 0.003) and mean activity level (counts/min) with physical activity levels evaluated by IPAQ (r = 0.297; p = 0.036). Conclusion: The IPAQ used in elderly women shows moderate to low validity levels according to accelerometry measures. Assessment of sedentary activities exhibited acceptable levels compared to accelerometry; however, moderate (r = 0.096; p > 0.05) to vigorous (r = 0.098; p > 0.05) activities were not correlated, demonstrating the inability of IPAQ to evaluate this type of activity in elderly women
A atividade f?sica ? um dos principais componentes de um estilo de vida saud?vel, respons?vel por muitos benef?cios ? sa?de. Apesar de ser considerada um importante comportamento tanto para a preven??o de doen?as como para a promo??o da sa?de ? evidente a alta preval?ncia do sedentarismo na popula??o idosa. Os question?rios s?o instrumentos pr?ticos e vi?veis para avalia??o dos n?veis de atividade f?sica. Entretanto, podem apresentar limita??es em faixas et?rias mais avan?adas. Os aceler?metros s?o sensores de movimento que fornecem dados mais objetivos da atividade f?sica e surgem como um padr?o confi?vel de mensura??o. Objetivo: determinar a validade do Question?rio Internacional de Atividade F?sica (IPAQ) adaptado para idosos atrav?s da acelerometria em idosas. M?todos: 57 mulheres idosas com idade m?dia de 66,05 ? 5,98 anos, que participavam de programas de cuidado ? hipertens?o arterial sist?mica e incentivo ? pr?tica de atividade f?sica foram avaliadas quanto ?s medidas objetivas e subjetivas da atividade f?sica. O aceler?metro foi utilizado por um per?odo de 07 dias consecutivos, 24 horas por dia e posteriormente foi aplicado o IPAQ. Os dados foram analisados utilizando medidas de tend?ncia central e dispers?o para caracteriza??o da amostra de acordo com as vari?veis coletadas. Para verificar a validade entre os dados foi utilizado o teste de Correla??o de Spearman, considerando um n?vel de signific?ncia de p<0,05. Resultados: Com rela??o ?s categorias de atividade f?sica obtidas pelo IPAQ, 46,4% desenvolveram atividade f?sica considerada moderada, seguidas de n?vel alto (30,3%) e 23,2% um n?vel baixo. Houve correla??o negativa apenas entre o tempo auto-reportado gasto sentado e o tempo gasto avaliado pela acelerometria em atividades leves (r = -0,408; p = 0,003) e o n?vel de atividade m?dia (counts/min) via acelerometria com os n?veis de atividade f?sica obtidos pelo IPAQ (r = 0,297; p = 0,036). Conclus?o: A partir dos resultados consideramos que o IPAQ utilizado em mulheres idosas apresenta n?veis de validade de moderado a baixo de acordo com as medidas de acelerometria. A avalia??o das atividades sedent?rias apresentou n?veis aceit?veis quando comparado ? acelerometria; no entanto, as atividades de n?veis moderadas (r = 0,096; p > 0,05) a vigorosas (r = - 0,098; p > 0,05) n?o foram correlacionadas o que demonstra a inabilidade da utiliza??o do IPAQ na avalia??o deste tipo de atividade em mulheres idosas

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Lante, Kerrie, and kerries@vegas com au. "Development of a Proxy Response Instrument to Measure the Physical Activity Behaviours of Adults with an Intellectual Disability." RMIT University. Medical Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080227.123100.

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It is well understood that substantial health inequality exists for adults with an intellectual disability (AWID). In comparison to the general population AWID experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality associated with sedentary lifestyles, yet little is known about the role physical activity plays in preventing or mediating this outcome for this segment of society. Without appropriate instrumentation, it is not possible to address the inadequacies that currently exist in the area of physical activity and AWID. The primary aim of the series of studies in this thesis was to develop a psychometrically sound proxy-respondent measurement tool that could be used by researchers, epidemiologists and public health personnel to gather information on the physical activity behaviours of AWID. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) is an internationally published tool with good psychometric properties when used as a self-report tool with adults without a disability (AWOID), but no evidence exists as to the validity or reliability of this tool when used by proxy respondents to report on the physical activity behaviour of AWID. Given little is known about the energy expenditure characteristics of AWID, nor the accuracy of tools developed for AWOID when applied to AWID, two secondary aims of this thesis were to measure the energy expended by AWID and AWOID during seven common activities of daily living (ADL) and to assess the accuracy of an objective physical activity measurement tool (Caltrac® accelerometer) for use with AWID. Evidence gathered through the studies in this thesis found that as the energy demand of ADL increased there was an increase in the difference between energy expended by AWID and AWOID. Results indicated that AWID achieved moderate-intensity physical activity when walking at a pace of 3.0 km/hr or more. The proxy-respondent telephone questionnaire (IPAQ-ID) described in this thesis allows for universal assessment of the physical activity behaviours of AWID. The IPAQ-ID was found to have measurement properties equivalent to measurement tools used among AWOID. The IPAQ-ID was found to be suitable for use as a surveillance tool by researchers to collect comparable data on health-enhancing physical activity behaviours of AWID.

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Bohlmann, Isabelle Marie Therese. "Measurement of physical activity for public health purposes : validity and reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionaire(IPAQ)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26547.

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Physical inactivity is a well-recognized risk factor for chronic diseases of lifestyle and has been associated with an increased incidence of morbidity and mortality. Current recommendations for the "dose" of physical activity that may be regarded as "protective" for these chronic diseases are 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity on most, or preferably all, days of the week. However, when quantifying physical activity, it is not clear which factors influence the reporting of moderate and vigorous activity levels. Even in the literature, there is lack of agreement on the energy expenditure corresponding to so-called 'moderate' and 'vigorous' physical activity. Background (study 1): Self- reported physical activity levels are inversely related to chronic disease risk factors. The strength of this association depends, in part, on quantifying the intensity of activity that may be regarded as 'moderate or vigorous', which may be confounded by individual and cultural perceptions of relative exercise intensity, age, fitness, height, and habitual levels of activity. Aim (study 1): The purpose of this study was to i) examine the individual and group differences in self-selected walking pace corresponding to symptoms used to describe moderate and vigorous intensity and ii) to determine factors that may be associated with these differences. Methods (study 1): A convenience sample of 63 women and 39 men were recruited (N=102). Subjects were asked to walk for six minutes on an indoor track at a pace they regard as 'moderate', rest until heart rate returns to pre-exercise levels, then walk at a pace they consider 'vigorous'. Habitual levels of energy expenditure (EE), maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) and% fat were also determined. Results (study 1): Mean self-selected walking pace for moderate activity levels was 5.54 km-h⁻¹ (95% Confidence Interval (C.I.): 5.40; 5.69), and corresponded to 58% of age-predicted maximum heart rate (%HR.max) (95% C.I.: 56; 60). Mean self-selected vigorous pace was 7.03 km·h⁻¹ (95% C.I.: 6.85; 7.20), at 72 % HR.max (95% C.I.: 69; 74). The %HR.max for both moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity fell within the ACSM recommendations (55- 69%HR.max for moderate intensity activities, and 70 - 89 % HR.max for vigorous intensity activities). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors predicting self-selected walking speed were gender, age, VO₂max, % fat and habitual vigorous EE. The only significant predictor of moderate pace was VO₂max. Education, occupation and habitual moderate EE were not associated with walking speed or intensity. Conclusion (study 1): These results show that subjects could accurately differentiate absolute and relative walking intensities and understood what was meant by the terms 'moderate' and 'vigorous'. However, absolute pace and relative intensity may vary according to differences in gender, fitness, age, height, body fat% and habitual levels of vigorous activity. These factors are important to consider when prescribing exercise using descriptors such as "moderate" and "vigorous". Background (study 2): None of the various methods used to measure habitual physical activity in the general population have proven entirely satisfactory in terms of reliability and accuracy. A major problem is that no "gold standard" exists for the validation of various questionnaires that can be used in large sample population studies. Ongoing efforts to improve the validity and reliability of the measurement of physical activity by self-report will enable cross-cultural and international comparisons to examine secular trends. Aim (study 2): The second part of this study assessed the validity and reliability of a recently developed International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) which was interviewer-administered in both a short and long version, and queried activity performed in a "usual" week. Methods (study 2): Urbanized subjects (N = 82) were selected from a wide range of educational, activity level and socio-economic backgrounds. The long version IPAQ was designed to quantify the average weekly time and energy expenditure spent in occupation, transport-related activities, household chores, and leisure time activities. The short version IPAQ was designed to measure total weekly moderate, vigorous, walking and sitting related activity. Test-retest reliability was reported as the intra-class correlation between calculated time and energy expenditure (METmin·w ⁻¹) in different questionnaire items determined from three IPAQ administrations. Validity was assessed using biometrical and physiological parameters as criterion measures (Computer Science and Applications. Inc. activity monitor counts, body mass index, estimated VO₂max, % fat). Results (study 2): Test-rest reliability coefficients for the long IPAQ ranged from r = 0.38 tor= 0.75, with the highest correlation coefficients obtained in work related activities, and the lowest in household chores. Test-retest reliability in the short IPAQ ranged from r= 0.32 tor= 0.71, with the highest correlations obtained for sitting and the lowest for total moderate activity. Criterion validity for CSA counts and total physical activity in the long IPAQ was r = 0.50 (P < 0.001), for CSA counts and total vigorous activity r = 0.35 (P < 0.01), and for CSA counts and total job activity r = 0.51 (P < 0.001). Measurement of reliability and validity in this South African population compared favourably to physical activity questionnaires used in other population studies. Conclusion (study 2): The IPAQ provides a relatively valid and reliable estimate of physical activity in this population. In evaluating the relationship between physical activity and morbidity, it is important to consider the accuracy and reliability of the tool used to measure self-reported activity. Failure to show an association may represent a real phenomenon, or may simply reflect the inability of the physical activity questionnaire used to detect true physical activity levels.

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Holmquist, Ola, and Daniel J. Lekman. "Fysisk aktivitet som nytta eller nöje? : En kvantitativ studie av gymnasieelevers motivation för fysisk aktivitet." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1957.

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Föreliggande studie undersökte en eventuell skillnad i fysisk aktivitet mellan inre (intrinsic) och yttre (extrinsic) motiverade gymnasieelever med utgångspunkt från SDT-teorin (Self-Determination Theory) samt även eventuella köns- och åldersskillnader. Enkätformulär med items från IMI- (Intrinsic Motivation Inventory) och EMI- (Extrinsic Motivation Inventory) skalan för motivation tillsammans med det korta IPAQ-formuläret för fysisk aktivitet delades ut till 194 friskole-gymnasieelever från yrkesinriktade program. Resultatet visade att elever som var mer inre motiverade också var mer fysiskt aktiva. Ingen könsskillnad fanns för fysisk aktivitet eller för inre motivation. Inom IMI-subskalan för självständighet hade kvinnorna ett signifikant högre medelvärde än männen. Resultatet stöder forskning inom SDT, främst Buckworth (2007). Könsskillnaden kan rimligtvis antas bero på sociokulturella faktorer. Tillämpad metod kan tillämpas i praktiken inom skolidrotten för att underlätta lektionsplaneringen i syfte att skapa ett bestående intresse för fysisk aktivitet.

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Ribic, Ibro, and Daniel Söderberg. "Självskattad fysisk aktivitet bland yrkesverksamma fysioterapeuter i Sverige i relation till WHO:s rekommendationer för fysisk aktivitet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Åsenlöf: Fysioterapi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-443358.

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Bakgrund: Fysisk aktivitet är en av de grundläggande behandlingar som fysioterapeuter använder för att behandla patienter. Men hur fysiskt aktiva är fysioterapeuter själva? Syfte: Undersöka nivån av fysisk aktivitet bland yrkesverksamma fysioterapeuter i Sverige i relation till Världshälsoorganisationens rekommendationer för fysisk aktivitet från 2010, samt huruvida det är någon skillnad mellan män och kvinnor vad gäller fysisk aktivitetsnivå och antalet som uppnår rekommendationerna. Metod: En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie av deskriptiv och komparativ design. Självrapporterad fysisk aktivitet för en vecka med International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form jämfördes med Världshälsoorganisationens rekommendationer för fysisk aktivitet från 2010. Antalet minuter med fysisk aktivitet på måttlig och mycket ansträngande fysisk aktivitetsnivå deltagarna angett omvandlades till MET-minuter. Studiedeltagare var yrkesverksamma fysioterapeuter i Sverige mellan 18–64 års ålder. Resultat: Sju av tio (74%) respondenter var tillräckligt fysiskt aktiva för att uppfylla rekommendationerna antingen genom måttlig eller mycket ansträngande fysisk aktivitet i kombination med minst två muskelstärkande pass för större muskelgrupper. Det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad mellan manliga och kvinnliga deltagare i fysisk aktivitetsnivå eller antalet som uppfyllde rekommendationerna. Konklusion: Yrkesverksamma fysioterapeuter i Sverige verkar var mer fysiskt aktiva än den generella befolkningen. Ingen statistisk skillnad förelåg mellan män och kvinnor i fysisk aktivitet eller antalet som uppfyllde rekommendationerna för fysisk aktivitet. Fler och större studier behövs för att undersöka fysisk aktivitetsnivå bland fysioterapeuter samt för att jämföra självrapporterad fysisk aktivitet med objektiv data insamlad med accelerometrar för att påvisa eventuella skillnader mellan dessa två datainsamlingsmetoder inom populationen.
Background: Physical activity is one of the foundational treatments that physiotherapists use to treat patients. How physically active are physiotherapists themselves? Objective: To determine the self-reported physical activity of working physiotherapists in Sweden in relation to the World Health Organisations recommendations for physical activity from 2010 and determine if physical activity and attainement rate of the recommendations differs between male and female physiotherapists in Sweden. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative descriptive comparative design study. Self-reported physical activity for 1 week using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form compared to the World Health Organisations recommendations for physical activity from 2010. Moderate or vigourous physical activity activity minutes were translated into MET-minutes. Participants were working physiotherapists in Sweden between the ages of 18-64. Results: Seven of ten (74%) respondents were sufficiently active to fulfil the recommendations through moderate or vigorous physical activity in combination with at least two bouts of muscle strengthening exercises for major muscle groups. There were no significant statistical differences between male or female participants in physical activity level or the rate of attainment of the recommendations. Conclusions: Working physiotherapists in Sweden seem to be more physically active than the general population. No statistical differences were observed between men and women in physical activity or attainment rate of the recommendations. More and larger studies are needed to research physical activity levels among physiotherapists and compare self-reported physical activity with objective data collected by using accelerometers to research the discrepancy between these two types of data collections methods within the population.

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Franzén, Johanna, and Ida Lundberg. "Träning på arbetstid : Faktorer till utnyttjande av träning på arbetstid hos sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-90170.

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Bakgrund: Fysisk aktivitet är en viktig faktor för att upprätthålla och återställa en god hälsa. Flera olika faktorer finns som kan försvåra utövandet av fysisk aktivitet. Arbetsplatsen ses ofta som en bra arena för fysisk aktivitet och träning på arbetstid implementeras ofta av arbetsgivare i syfte att förbättra de anställdas hälsa och minska kostnader relaterade till sjukdom. Dock är forskningsresultaten inom området inkonklusiva. Metod: Kvantitativ enkätstudie, enkäten IPAQ. Syfte: Denna uppsats undersöker vilka faktorer som påverkar utnyttjandet av träning på arbetstid, sjuksköterskors och undersköterskors fysiska aktivitetsnivå och hur den fysiska aktivitetsnivån på arbetet påverkar aktivitetsnivån på fritiden. Resultat: Resultatet visar ej statistiskt signifikanta samband mellan ålder, tjänstgöringsgrad, antalet arbetade år på avdelningen och den fysiska aktivitetsnivån på arbetet och på fritiden mot att utnyttja träning på arbetstid. Deltagarna i denna studie är en högaktiv grupp som främst utmärker sig genom en hög aktivitetsnivå på fritiden. Den faktor som deltagarna främst tyckte påverkade utnyttjande av träning på arbetstid var arbetsbördan. Majoriteten utnyttjade inte träning på arbetstid. Diskussion: Utifrån att majoriteten ej utnyttjar träning på arbetstid och att forskningsresultaten är inkonklusiva är det inte självklart att träning på arbetsplatsen ger de resultat som arbetsgivare önskar.
Abstract: Background: Physical activity is an important factor to maintain and restore good health. There is several different factors that may aggravate the utilization of physcal activity. The workplace is often seen as a good arena for physical activity and training at work is often implemented in purpose to improve health and reduce costs related to sickness. The scientific evidence is however inconclusive in the area. Method: Quantitave research using the questionnaire IPAQ. Aim: This study examines wich factors infuence the utilization of training at work, nurses and assistant nurses physical activity and how the physical activity at work influence leisure physical activity. Result: The result show no statistical significant correlation between age, employment level, amount of worked years and physical activity level at work contra utilization of training at work. The participants in this study is a highly active group that distinguish themselv with high leisure time physical activity. The most influencing factor toward the utilization of training at work is the workload. The majority did not utilize training at work. Discussion: Regarding that the majority did not utilize training at work and that the the scientific evidence is inconclusive in the area it is not obvious that training at work give the result that the employer anticipates.

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Pires, Marina Eliete Domingues. "A atividade física dos adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima - relação com o IMC." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/3941.

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Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Enfermagem
A obesidade é um assunto que nos dias de hoje merece especial destaque pela sua crescente prevalência entre a população mundial. É considerada a “Síndrome do Novo Mundo”, a epidemia do século XXI. O excesso de peso (defendido com índice de massa corporal de 25 kg/m2 ou mais) e a obesidade (IMC maior que 30 kg/m2) são a 5ª principal causa de morte a nível mundial e indiscutivelmente a maior causa de mortalidade evitável a seguir ao consumo tabágico, pelo que é fulcral unir esforços no sentido de travar esta tendência. Os seus custos económicos representam 2 a 7% dos custos totais de saúde. Estima-se que em Portugal os custos diretos da obesidade (que compreendem as despesas com a prevenção, diagnóstico, tratamento, reabilitação, investigação, formação e investimento) absorvam 3,5% destas despesas. Para combater este problema, a atividade física é apontada como uma das medidas principais. A adoção de hábitos de vida ativa é fundamental na prevenção de doenças como a obesidade. Assim, o enfermeiro assume um papel fundamental na sua promoção. Portugal é um dos países onde a regularidade de atividade física praticada pelos jovens apresenta piores resultados. Tendo em conta que esta população tem como exemplo a população adulta, intervindo nos Adultos Jovens, reflete-se na população mais jovem, sendo que a preservação desses hábitos de vida ativa se propagam num futuro, enquanto idoso. Pretende-se que este trabalho também possa servir de incentivo à população em geral, assim como a enfermeiros, para adoção de um estilo de vida ativo, e a promoção do mesmo, com prática de atividade física regular, de forma a prevenir e a combater o problema da obesidade. Para a sua elaboração foi realizada uma pesquisa de artigos científicos, e outra bibliográfica com as palavras-chave “Obesidade”, “IMC”, “Atividade Física”, “Exercício Físico”, “Adulto Jovem”, “Saúde”. Foram ainda consultados dados estatísticos disponíveis em várias organizações de referência como é o caso da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e da Direção Geral de Saúde (DGS). O principal objetivo deste trabalho é Conhecer os Níveis de Atividade Física dos Adultos Jovens de Ponte de Lima e o IMC. São também objetivos, conhecer os níveis de atividade dos adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima; identificar os níveis de atividade física por género, dos adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima; conhecer o IMC dos adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima e identificar o IMC por género, relativamente ao nível de atividade física do adulto jovem de Ponte de Lima. Para responder aos objectivos apresentados, optou-se por um estudo de abordagem quantitativa, do tipo descritivo simples, dirigido a uma amostra de 44 adultos jovens de Ponte de Lima. Para reunir esta amostra usou-se o método de amostragem não probabilística ou intencional e acidental. Na recolha de dados foi utilizado um questionário – IPAQ e o tratamento dos dados foi realizado através do programa Microsoft Excel e apresentação dos dados obtidos em gráficos. Os resultados obtidos na realização do presente trabalho de investigação demonstram que os indivíduos praticam um nível de atividade física elevado, sendo que as mulheres apresentam maior percentagem de NAF elevado relativamente aos homens. Quanto aos resultados obtidos em função dos valores de IMC, são as mulheres, numa percentagem de 22,73% que apresentam sobrecarga. Quanto ao nível obesidade ligeira são os homens que apresentam maior percentagem, com 9,09%. Com peso ótimo revelou-se que são as mulheres que apresentam maior percentagem, com 27,27% das mesmas a incluírem-se nesse mesmo nível. Identificou-se também no presente estudo que, as maiores percentagens obtidas na relação NAF e IMC por Género se verificaram nos níveis de atividade física elevado, sendo que, no género feminino a um IMC peso ótimo, numa percentagem de 25%, e no género masculino, igualdade entre peso ótimo e sobrecarga, com 13,64% dos mesmos a praticarem nível de atividade física elevado.
Obesity is an issue these days deserves special mention for its increasing prevalence among the population. I is considered the “New World Syndrome”, the epidemic of the XXI century. The overweight (defined as a body mass index [BMI] of 25 kg/m2 or more) and obesity (BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 are the 5th leading cause of death worldwide and, arguably, the biggest cause of avoidable mortality, following the smoking habits, so it is key to unite efforts to halt this trend. Their economic costs represent 2-7% of total health costs. It is estimated that in Portugal the direct costs of obesity /comprising the costs of prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, research, training and investment) absorb 3.5% of these expenses. To combat this problem, physical activity is considered one of the main measures. Adopting active lifestyle is vital in preventing diseases such as obesity. Thus, the nurse plays a key role in its promotion. Portugal is one of the countries where the regularity of physical activity by young people has worse results. Given that this population has the example of the adult population, intervening in Young Adults, is reflected in the younger population, and the preservation of these habits of active life spread in the future, while elderly. It is intended that this work can also serve as an incentive to the general population, as well as nurses, for adoption of an active lifestyle, and the promotion of the same, with the practice of regular physical activity in order to prevent and combat problem of obesity. For its preparation we conducted a survey of scientific articles and other literature with the keywords “obesity”, BMI”, “Physical Activity”, “Exercise”, “Young Adult”, “Health”. Were consulted statistical data available on several leading organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Directorate General of Health (DGS). The main objective of this work is knowing the physical Activity Levels of Young Adults Ponte de Lima and BMI. Are also goals: meet the physical activity levels of young adults of Ponte de Lima, to identify the physical activity levels by gender, young adults Ponte de Lima ; meet the BMI of young adults from Ponte de Lima and identify by BMI gender in relation to the physical activity level of young adult Ponte de Lima. To meet the objectives presented, we chose a quantitative approach, descriptive simple directed to a sample of 44 young adult from Ponte de Lima. To gather this example we used the non-probability sampling method or intentional and accidental. Data collection questionnaire was used – and the IPAQ data processing was performed using the Microsof Excel program and presentation of data in graphs. The results achieved in the realization of this research work demonstrates that individuals practice a high level of physical activity, and women have a higher percentage of NAF hogh relative to men. As for the results obtained on the basis of BMI, are women, a percentage of 22.73%, which feature overhead the level obesity are slight men with higher percentage, with 9.09%. With great weight has proved that it is women who have the highest percentage, with 27.27% of them to include on this same level. Il was also identified in this study, the highest percentages obtained in relation PAL and BMI by gender is found in high levels of physical activity, and, in females with a BMI great weigh, a percentage of 25%, and gender male equality great weight and burden, with 13,64% of them have practiced physical activity level high.

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Senneryd, Lisa, and Madeleine Sundberg. "Fysioterapeutstudenters självskattade fysiska aktivitetsnivå och upplevda stress : Samband mellan fysisk aktivitetsnivå och stress samt en jämförelse mellan kvinnliga och manliga studenter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Åsenlöf: Fysioterapi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-403451.

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Bakgrund Det finns ett intresse i samhället för både fysisk aktivitet och stress. Fysisk aktivitet och stress har ett komplext samband och de inverkar ömsesidigt på varandra. Fysisk aktivitet innefattar alla rörelser med kroppen som förbrukar energi och stress är en obalans mellan resurser och belastning. Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka sambandet mellan självskattad fysisk aktivitetsnivå och upplevd stress hos fysioterapeutstudenter samt skillnaden mellan kvinnor och män. Metod Denna studie har en kvantitativ design med enkätundersökning som datainsamlingsmetod. Enkäterna som användes var International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) och Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Insamlad data analyserades i IBM SPSS Statistics Version 24. Studien har totalt 71 respondenter, 40 kvinnor och 31 män. Medelåldern bland kvinnor var 26,5 år och 25,6 år bland män. Resultat Resultatet visade ingen signifikant skillnad mellan könen gällande självskattad fysisk aktivitetsnivå. Dock gällande den upplevda stressnivån sågs en signifikant skillnad mellan kvinnliga och manliga fysioterapeutstudenter där kvinnor skattade högre upplevd stress. Ett svagt samband sågs mellan fysisk aktivitet och upplevd stress hos både kvinnor (r=0,13) och män (r=0,23). Konklusion En könsskillnad sågs gällande upplevd stress däremot inte gällande självskattad fysisk aktivitetsnivå. Det sågs ett svagt samband mellan fysisk aktivitet och stress.
Background There’s an interest in society in both physical activity and stress. Physical activity and stress have a complex relationship and interact on each other. Physical activity involves all movement with your body that consume energy and stress is an imbalance between resources and strain. Objective The intention with this study was to examine the relationship between self-assessed physical activity and perceived stress in physiotherapy students and the difference between men and women. Method This is a quantitative study using questionnaires for collecting data. Questionnaires used in this study were International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Collected data was processed in IBM SPSS Statistics Version 24 and then discussed and analyzed based on previous studies. This study has a total of 71 respondents, 40 women and 31 men. Average age of women was 26,5 years and 25,6 years for men. Results No significant difference between genders was found in self-assessed physical activity. A significant difference was found in how male and female physiotherapy students perceive their stress level. There’s a weak relationship between physical activity and perceived stress among both male (r=0,23) and female (r=0,13) physiotherapy students. Conclusion A difference between the genders was observed with perceived stress but not with self-assessed physical activity. A weak relationship was found between physical activity and stress.

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Hultgren, Maria, and Jenni Zetterström. "Friskbeteende eller riskbeteende : en tvärsnittsstudie om rörelsemönster med utgångspunkt i aktivitetsnivå på arbetet." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3377.

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Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka självrapporterad fysisk aktivitet och stillasittande hos personer med olika aktivitetsnivå på arbetet. Skiljer sig den fysiska aktiviteten i olika domäner (transport, hem och fritid) respektive den totala fysiska aktiviteten utöver arbetet beroende på aktivitetsnivå på arbetet? Skiljer sig tiden stillasittande beroende på aktivitetsnivå på arbetet? Metod För att uppfylla syftet valdes en kvantitativ metod med tvärsnittsdesign. Data samlades in med hjälp av enkäten International Physical Activity Questionnaire (lång version), där frågorna om fysisk aktivitet är uppdelade i fyra domäner; arbete, transport, hem och fritid och berör intensitet, frekvens och duration. Frågorna om stillasittande är uppdelade för vardag och helg. Urvalet bestod av personer som arbetade heltid och flera olika yrken inkluderades i studien. Undersökningsdeltagarna delades in i tre grupper efter aktivitetsnivå på arbetet och jämfördes med avseende på fysisk aktivitet utanför arbetet respektive stillasittande. Fysisk aktivitet i varje domän och total fysisk aktivitet utanför arbetet redovisades i MET-minuter/vecka. Stillasittande angavs i minuter och presenterades för fem vardagar respektive en vecka. Resultat Totalt deltog 196 personer i studien. Fritiden var den största källan till den totala fysiska aktiviteten utanför arbetet i alla grupper (minst 63 % av tiden) och aktiviteten vid både transport och i hemmet var relativt låg. En signifikant skillnad mellan grupperna sågs för fysisk aktivitet i arenan hem, där personer med ett högaktivt arbete rörde på sig mer i hemmet (median: 360 MET-minuter/vecka) jämfört med personer med ett lågaktivt arbete (90 MET-minuter/vecka). I domänerna transport och fritid skiljde sig mängden fysisk aktivitet något mellan grupperna, men inte signifikant. För tid stillasittande sågs en signifikant skillnad mellan grupperna, både under fem vardagar och under en vecka. Personer med ett högaktivt arbete satt mindre (900 minuter respektive 1 380 minuter) än de som hade ett lågaktivt arbete (2 100 minuter respektive 2 640 minuter). Slutsats Studien visade att den största delen utförd fysisk aktivitet utanför arbetet inte verkar bero på aktivitetsnivån på arbetet. Det var endast för den fysiska aktiviteten i hemmet som det sågs en signifikant skillnad mellan olika aktivitetsnivåer på arbetet. Vid transport och fritid sågs små skillnader i fysisk aktivitet, men dessa var inte signifikanta. För den totala tiden stillasittande däremot verkar graden av fysisk aktivitet på arbetet ha betydelse. Ett lågaktivt arbete gav längre total tid stillasittande jämfört med ett högaktivt arbete. Fysisk aktivitet och stillasittande bör som enskilda beteenden ses över både på arbetsplatsen och i domänerna utanför arbetet. Vidare bör också undersökas vilka andra faktorer som kan påverka dessa två beteenden.

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Bressan, Ana Weigert. "Efeito da sazonalidade nos níveis de atividade física em adultos." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2008. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2947.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T20:05:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 26
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Não há suficiente consistência na literatura sobre mudanças nos níveis de atividade física (NAF) de acordo com as variações climáticas. Nós realizamos um estudo para avaliar o efeito da sazonalidade nos NAFs em adultos de Porto Alegre e região metropolitana. Foi um estudo longitudinal com uma amostra de conveniência de 120 pessoas de 20 a 69 anos. As pessoas foram avaliadas em dois períodos do ano de 2007: no verão e no inverno. A atividade física foi avaliada usando a seção de atividade física no tempo de lazer e como forma de deslocamento do International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). As variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas foram avaliadas por meio de um questionário padronizado. As análises foram estratificadas por sexo, idade, escolaridade, nível socioeconômico e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Das 120 pessoas, 71% eram mulheres, 59% tinham de 20-40 anos, a média de idade, 61% tinham 12 anos ou mais de escolaridade, 83% pertenciam à classe A e B e a razão de sobrepeso/ peso normal foi 1:2,5.
There are no consistent findings about the effect of weather and season changes on the physical activity levels. We conducted a study to evaluate seasonal effects on physical activity levels among adults living in Porto Alegre and metropolitan region, Southern Brazil. The study design was longitudinal with a convenience sample of 120 adults, aged 20 to 69. Visits were carried out in two periods of the year 2007: summer and winter. Physical activity was evaluated using the leisure-time and transport-related physical activity sections of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were obtained by standardized questionnaires. Analyses were stratified by gender, age, education, socioeconomic and Body Mass Index (BMI). A total of 120 people were interviewed, 71% were women. Most people (59%) were in the 20-40 years age group, 61% had more than 12 years of education and belonged to A and B socioeconomic levels (83%). Overweight / normal weight ratio was 1

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Vasconcelos, CÃcera Maria Arrais Pereira. "Sedentarismo entre profissionais de saÃde da estratÃgia saÃde da famÃlia no municÃpio de Fortaleza." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12398.

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A sedentary lifestyle or physical inactivity is, according to the WHO (World Health Organization), the number one enemy of public health, associated with two million deaths per year worldwide and 75% in the Americas. The overall objective of the present work wasevaluating the prevalence of sedentarism among health professionals, members of the Primary Health Care Unit, in the city of Fortaleza. This transversal study was conducted from August 2012 until April 2014, which included the participation of 368 health professionals.Two questionnaires were used: the first collected information on socioeconomic and demographic aspects and evaluation of physical activity occurred by using the International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ) in short form. As a result, it was observed that the prevalence of sedentarism was 47.3% and affected mainly females (85.0%); in individuals aged below 40 years (64.9%); married / common-law marriage (69.0%); with children (65.5%); with higher education (87.4%); nurses (33.3%); individuals with other occupation (52.9%); with a schedule up to 40 hours (59.8%); that had no physical disability (97.1%) or chronic disease (81.6%); nonsmokers (97.7%) and rarely drank (68.9%); who rated their health as good (54.4%); and with weight excess (53.2%).In a multivariate analysis, only remain as potential factors determining sedentarism: be aged between 40 and 59 years; being separated/widowed and part of the group of health workers (auxiliary/technical). In this way, it is necessary to think about strategies that encourage regular physical activity among sedentary individuals.
O sedentarismo ou inatividade fÃsica Ã, segundo a OMS (OrganizaÃÃo Mundial de SaÃde), o inimigo nÃmero um da saÃde pÃblica, associado a dois milhÃes de mortes ao ano em todo mundo e de 75% nas AmÃricas. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo geral avaliar a prevalÃncia do sedentarismo entre profissionais de saÃde integrantes das Unidades de AtenÃÃo PrimÃria Ã SaÃde do municÃpio de Fortaleza. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado no perÃodo de agosto de 2012 atÃ abril de 2014, que contou com a participaÃÃo de 368 profissionais de saÃde. Utilizaram-se dois questionÃrios: o primeiro reuniu informaÃÃes sobre aspectos socioeconÃmicos, demogrÃficos e a avaliaÃÃo da prÃtica de atividade fÃsica ocorreu pela utilizaÃÃo do instrumento Internacional de Atividade FÃsica (IPAQ), na forma curta. Como resultados, observou-se que a prevalÃncia do sedentarismo foi de 47,3% e afetou, principalmente, pessoas do sexo feminino (85,0%); na faixa etÃria menor que 40 anos (64,9%); casado/uniÃo consensual (69,0%); com filhos (65,5%); com escolaridade superior (87,4%); enfermeiros (33,3%); os indivÃduos com outra ocupaÃÃo (52,9%); com carga horÃria atÃ 40 horas (59,8%); que nÃo apresentavam deficiÃncia fÃsica (97,1%) ou doenÃa crÃnica (81,6%); nÃo fumantes (97,7%) e que raramente bebiam (68,9%); que classificaram seu estado de saÃde como bom (54,4%); e com excesso de peso (53,2%). Na anÃlise multivariada, apenas permaneceram como possÃveis fatores determinantes do sedentarismo estar na faixa etÃria entre 40 e 59 anos, ser separado/viÃvo e ser do grupo de trabalhadores da saÃde (auxiliares/tÃcnico). Desta forma, serÃ necessÃrio pensar em estratÃgias que incentivem a prÃtica da atividade fÃsica regular entre os sedentÃrios.

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Honado, Sedonoude Aristide. "Adaptation et validation du questionnaire international de l'activité physique (IPAQ) chez les personnes saines et les survivants d'un accident vasculaire cérébral au Bénin." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36964.

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La pratique de l’activité physique réduit considérablement le risque de survenue des accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC). Elle est aussi utilisée en tant que stratégie thérapeutique pour maximiser la récupération fonctionnelle pendant la réadaptation des survivants d’un AVC. Dès lors, il est important de suivre le niveau d’activité physique des personnes saines et des survivants d’un AVC. Le suivi du niveau d’activité physique dépend de la disponibilité d’outils valides et fiables pour la mesure et l’évaluation de l’activité physique. Malheureusement, le manque de pareils outils est observé au Bénin, un pays francophone de l’Afrique. Aussi dans les circonstances de pays à ressources financières limitées comme le Bénin, les questionnaires, méthodes subjectives de mesure de l’activité physique, sont les méthodes les plus utilisées en raison de leur faible coût et de leur facilité de mise en place. Le Questionnaire International de l’Activité Physique (IPAQ) est un outil fréquemment utilisé pour mesurer le niveau d’activité physique des sujets sains et de différents groupes de patients. Toutefois, ce questionnaire, à notre connaissance n’est pas validé dans le contexte de pays francophone d’Afrique comme le Bénin. Le but de ce mémoire de maîtrise était d’adapter et de valider IPAQ chez les personnes saines et les survivants d’un AVC au Bénin. En conséquence, nous avons procédé à l’adaptation du questionnaire IPAQ selon la culture et le français parlé au Bénin, en nous basant sur les méthodes reconnues. Ensuite, la validité convergente et la fidélité test-retest de la version expérimentale béninoise du questionnaire ont été examinées à partir d’un échantillon de 60 sujets sains et de 60 sujets post AVC recrutés au Bénin. Les résultats de l’étude démontrent une excellente validité convergente et une excellente fidélité test-retest de la version béninoise de IPAQ pour la mesure de l’activité physique des personnes saines et des survivants d’un AVC.
The practice of physical activity significantly reduces the risk of stroke. It is also used as a therapeutic strategy to maximize functional recovery during the rehabilitation of stroke survivors. Therefore, it is important to monitor the level of physical activity of healthy people and stroke survivors. Tracking the level of physical activity depends on the availability of valid and reliable tools for measuring and assessing physical activity. Unfortunately, the lack of such tools is observed in Benin, a French-speaking country in Africa. Also, in the circumstances of countries with limited financial resources such as Benin, questionnaires, subjective methods of measuring physical activity, are the most used methods because of their low cost and ease of implementation. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) is a frequently tool used for measuring the level of physical activity of healthy subjects and different groups of patients. However, this questionnaire, to our knowledge, is not validated in the context of French-speaking African countries as in the context of Benin. The goal of this Master thesis was to adapt and validate IPAQ in healthy people and stroke survivors in Benin. Consequently, following well-established methods, we adapted the IPAQ according to the culture and specific linguistic aspects of French as spoken in Benin. Then, the convergent validity and test-retest reliability of the Beninese experimental version of the questionnaire were examined from a sample of 60 healthy subjects and 60 post-stroke subjects recruited in Benin. The results of the study show excellent convergent validity and excellent test-retest reliability of the Benin version of IPAQ for measuring the physical activity of healthy people and stroke survivors.

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Bicalho, Paula Goncalves. "Atividade física e fatores associados em populações de área rural de Minas Gerais, uma experiência com o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física - IPAQ." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/GCPA-89KQ4T.

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The objective of this study was to estimate the physical activity levels addressing the four domains and its associated factors in adults living in rural areas. In addition, we tested the reliability and validity of International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ in rural areas. We used the pedometer counts as an objective method for comparison with data from IPAQ. The levels of physical activity were collected from 567 adults in two communities in the Jequitinhonha Valley, situated in the northeast region of the state of Minas Gerais. A cut-off point of 150 minutes per week of physical activity was used. For the validity study, we used one subgroup of 82 individuals. In assessing the reliability of the IPAQ Spearman correlation coefficient ranged from 0.56 to 0.75. Kappa agreement between categorical variables showed values around 0.4 0.5, except at work, where kappa was 0.7. The absolute agreement ranged from 73.2% for household to 86.6% across all areas. The average number of steps was 12.027 ± 5.337. Spearman correlation coefficients between the number of steps measured by pedometer and physical activity for the first interview ranged from - 0.22 to 0.41 on household chores and at work domain. The highest levels of sensitivity and specificity of the IPAQ with respect to the reference method were found in work domain. In relation to levels of physical activity, the prevalence of individuals who reported performing at least 150 minutes per week of activity at work domain was 82.9% (95% CI: 77.8 to 88.0). In the household, 63.5% (95% CI: 59.6 to 67.4) of subjects achieved this level of physical activity; as in leisure transportation this varied between 10.1% (95% CI: 7.6 to 12.6) and 32.0% (95% CI: 28.2 to 35.8). After multivariate regression analysis, these variables remained independently associated with leisure physical activity: sex (PR 0.27, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.46), age (PR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.60 for comparison between people aged 60 and over, and individuals aged 18-30), black people (PR 1.85, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.39) and schooling (PR 5.83, 95% CI 2.21 to 15.4 for the comparison between people with 9 or more years of schooling and those with no schooling). The results of this study indicate that the IPAQ in a Brazilian rural population had moderate to high reliability, which supports its use in rural populations. Regarding physical activity levels, the prevalence of physically active individuals was high, but levels of physical activity during leisure time were low and follow similar patterns to urban areas by age, sex and education.
Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de estimar os niveis de atividade fisica, contemplando os quatro dominios e sua associacao com fatores sociodemograficos e relacionados a saude em moradores de areas rurais. Outro objetivo foi testar a validade e r

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Alp, Azad, and Lena Duong. "Sambandet mellan fysisk aktivitet och depression hos personer med Parkinsons sjukdom." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Åsenlöf: Fysioterapi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-411291.

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Bakgrund: Parkinsons Sjukdom (PS) är en kronisk progressiv neurodegenerativ sjukdom som ger både motoriska och icke-motoriska symtom. Ett vanligt icke-motoriskt symtom vid PS är depression. Depression påverkas, enligt forskning, positivt av fysisk aktivitet (FA) men stark evidens saknas för sambandet mellan dem. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka sambandet mellan FA och depression hos personer med PS. Metod: Femtioåtta deltagare rekryterades till denna tvärsnittsstudie. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire modified for the elderly (IPAQ-E) användes som mätmetod för FA, och var angiven i form av låg, måttlig och hög fysisk aktivitetsnivå samt i MET-minuter/vecka. Montegomery-Åstrand Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S) användes för depression och angavs i totalpoäng. Frågeformulärerna sammanställdes till en webbenkät varifrån datan samlades in. Sambandet beräknades med Spearmans rangkorrelation. Resultat: Av samtliga deltagare hade 15 (26%) låg fysisk aktivitetsnivå, 18 (31%) måttlig och 25 (43%) hade hög fysisk aktivitetsnivå. Bland deltagarna hade 15 (26%) ingen depression, 27 (47%) mild, 14 (24%) måttlig och 2 (3%) svår depression. Sambandet mellan låg, måttlig och hög fysisk aktivitetsnivå enligt IPAQ-E och totalpoäng i MADRS-S visade r = -0.2 och p = 0.14. Sambandet mellan MET-minuter/vecka enligt IPAQ-E och totalpoäng i MADRS-S visade r = -0.15 och p = 0.26. Konklusion: Resultaten visade ett svagt negativt samband men sannolikheten att resultatet beror på slumpen är hög. Det krävs fler studier i framtiden för att säkerställa sambandet mellan FA och depression hos personer med PS.
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease with both motor and non-motor symptoms. Depression is a common non-motor symptom in PD. According to research, physical activity (PA) has a positive effect on depression; however, strong evidence supporting the relation between them is lacking. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between PA and depression in patients with PD. Method: Fifty-eight participants were recruited to this cross-sectional study. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire modified for the elderly was used to measure PA, presented in low, moderate and high physical activity levels and MET-minutes/week. Montegomery-Åstrand Depression Rating Scale was used to assess depression and was presented in total score. The questionnaires were formed into a survey from which the data was collected. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to calculate the relation. Results: Among the participants, 15 (26%) had a low level of PA, 18 (31%) moderate and 25 (43%) high level of PA. Further, 15 (26%) were non-depressed, 27 (47%) had mild depression, 14 (24%) moderate and 2 (3%) severe depression. Evaluating the relation using the two different presentations of PA along with depression scores, results showed r= -0.2 (p= 0.26) and r= -0.15 (p= 0.26), respectively. Conclusion: The result showed a weak negative relation, but the probability of the result being due to coincidence is high. To ensure the relation between PA and depression in patients with PD, further studies are needed in the future.

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Karlsson, Jenny. "Fysiska aktivitetsmönstret hos äldre, mätt med accelerometri före och i slutet av en två månaders träningsperiod." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3398.

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Syfte. Syftet med studien var att med accelerometri kartlägga det fysiska aktivitetsmönstret hos äldre vid två separata förtest och i slutet av en tvåmånadersperiod med ledarledd träning två gånger per vecka. En vidare målsättning var att studera överensstämmelsen mellan enkätfrågorna om fysisk aktivitet och stillasittande gentemot uppmätt accelerometerdata. Metod. En grupp 65-91 år (medel 71 år, BMI 25 kg/m2) studerades. Två förtest (F1 & F2) samt ett eftertest (E) utfördes under sista träningsveckan. Totalt ingick 97 individer vid F1 & F2 samt 78 vid E som jämfördes mot resultat vid F2. Resultat. Vid F1 sågs vid accelerometri för minst måttlig fysisk aktivitet medelvärdet 42,7 min/d (MVPA/d), men endast 22, 2 min/d för tid i perioder à minst 10 min (Freedson bouts/d). Vid analys av separata dagar kom bara 15% av deltagarna upp till rekommenderade 5 dgr/v à minst 30 min av sammanhängande 10-min-perioder fysisk aktivitet (med lägst måttlig intensitet). Median för högintensiv aktivitet (VPA) var mycket låg för denna grupp (0,9 min/d). Medel för stillasittande var 10,2 timmar (SED/d) samt 4,3 timmar total tid i minst 20-min-perioder (Sedentary bouts/d). Mellan F1 & F2 sågs ingen signifikant förändring för MVPA/d eller Freedson bouts/d. Däremot framkom en ytterst liten sänkning som var signifikant för stillasittande tid (20,0 resp. 13,7 min/d i SED/d resp. Sed bouts/d). Förändring av VPA visade en minimal ökning med 0,4 min/d (sign.). Korrelationen mellan F1 & F2 var 0,86 för MVPA/d, 0,81 för Freedson/d, 0,59 för Vig/d, 0,59 för SED/d samt 0,74 för Sed bouts/d, alla signifikanta. Vid E sågs, gentemot F2, en liten men signifikant ökning av medel för MVPA/d (till 50,6 min/d), men inte för Freedson bouts (20,9 min/d) eller för målet minst 5 dgr/v med 30 min i Freedson bouts/d (12%). Stillasittande sjönk signifikant för E till 9,7 tim/d (SED/d) samt 3,6 tim/d (Sed. bouts/d). VPA ökade minimalt med 0,5 min/d (sign.) till medianvärdet 1,7 min/d. De starkaste signifikanta (*) korrelationerna mellan olika frågor och accelerometri noterades för MVPA/d resp. Freedson bouts/d (som mest 0.53- 0,60*), följt av stillasittande 0,40* resp. 0,39* (i SED/d resp. Sed bouts/d). För VPA noterades inga eller ytterst låga samband, som högst r=0,24* mot frågorna. Slutsats. Värdena för högintensiv aktivitet vid accelerometri visade genomgående förvånansvärt låga nivåer. En orsak kan vara att datoranalysprogrammen för aktivitetsmätarna inte är tillräckligt känsliga såsom de idag är inställda för seniorers högsta intensitetsnivåer. Bäst signifikanta samband gentemot accelerometri sågs för frågor om minst måttligt intensiv fysisk aktivitet. Visst signifikant samband sågs även för en fråga om stillasittande, medan aktivitetsmätarens data stämde vanligtvis inte överens med självskattad data för högintensiv fysisk aktivitet för äldre. Så dessa seniordata är inte helt lika jämfört med tidigare studier på yngre vuxna som vanligtvis visat en högre validitet för frågor med högintensiv jämfört med måttligt intensiv fysisk aktivitet.
Aim. The purpose of the study was to identify that with accelerometry the physical activity patterns of elderly, at two separate pre-test and at the end of a two-month period with instructor-led training twice per week. A further aim was to study the correlation between survey questions about physical activity and sedentary against measured accelerometer data. Method. A group of 65-91 years (mean 71 years, BMI 25 kg/m2) were studied. Two pre-test (F1 & F2) and an aftertest (E) was performed during the last training week. A total of 97 individuals at F1 & F2 and 78 at E compared to F2 were investigated. Results. In F1 was seen for accelerometer data (at least moderate physical activity) mean values 42.7 min/d (MVPA/d), but only 22,2 min/d in time periods of at least 10 minutes (Freedson bouts /d). In the analysis of separate days came only 15% of participants came up to the recommended 5 days/week with at least 30 minutes of continuous 10-min periods of physical activity (with at least moderate intensity). Vigorous intensity activity (VPA) was very low for this group (0.9 min/d). The average for sedentary time was 10.2 hours (SED/d) and 4.3 hours total time in 20-min periods (Sedentary bouts/d). Between F1 and F2 no significant changes were seen for MVPA/d or Freedson bouts/d. A tiny reduction, which was significant, was seen for sedentary time (20.0 resp. 13.7 min/d SED/d, resp. Sed bouts/d). Change of VPA showed a minimal increase of 0.4 min/d (s.). The correlation between F1 & F2 was 0.86 for MVPA/d, 0.81 for Freedson/d, 0.59 for Vig/d, 0.59 SED/d and 0.74 for Sed bouts/d, all significant. At E emerged, against F2, a small but significant increase for MVPA/d (to 50.6 min/d), but not for Freedson bouts/d (20.9 min/d) or to target at least 5 days/week with 30 min in Freedson bouts/d (12%). Sedentary fell significantly for E to 9.7 h/d (SED/d) and 3.6 h/d (Sed. bouts/d). VPA increased minimally by 0.5 min/d (s.) to median 1.7 min/d. The strongest significant (*) correlations between different questions and the accelerometers was noted for MVPA/d, resp. Freedson bouts/d (at most 0.53-0.60 *), followed by sedentary time 0.40 * resp. 0.39 * (in SED/d resp. Sed bouts/d). VPA showed no or very low correlation (highest r = 0.24 *) to the questions. Conclusion. The values of vigorous activities in accelerometer data consistently showed surprisingly low levels. One reason may be that the computer analysis programs for the activity counters are not sufficiently sensitive as they currently are set for senior´s highest intensity levels. Best significant correlation against the accelerometers was seen for questions about at least moderately intense physical activity. Some significant correlation was also seen for sedentary time, while accelerometer data was generally not consistent with self-reported data for high-intensity physical activity for older people. So these senior data show somewhat different results as compared to previous studies in younger adults who usually present a higher validity of the questions with high-intensity compared with moderate-intensity physical activity.

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Gustavo, Andréia da Silva. "Epidemiologia da atividade física e sua associação com obesidade em amostra representativa da população adulta de Porto Alegre." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/24614.

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Introdução: Inatividade física é fator de risco para doenças não transmissíveis (DNTs). Dentre essas, destaca-se que a obesidade (central e adiposidade na região da cintura) é fator de risco independente para mortalidade. O International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) tem sido utilizado para investigar a epidemiologia da atividade física, com o objetivo de padronizar a investigação. Objetivos: Verificar a prevalência de atividade física segundo diferentes critérios e a associação com obesidade na população adulta de Porto Alegre/RS. Método: Este é um estudo transversal de base populacional, representativo da população adulta (18 a 90 anos) de Porto Alegre. É parte do estudo de Síndrome de Obesidade e Fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular (SOFT Study). Atividade física foi avaliada utilizando o IPAQ versão curta. Características demográficas e socioeconômicas foram investigadas. Obesidade foi determinada por índice de massa corporal P30 kg/m2 e adiposidade central pela circunferência da cintura. Características demográficas (cor da pele - auto-referida e categorizada em branca ou não-branca; idade - calculada a partir das datas de nascimento e entrevista), socioeconômicas (escolaridade - avaliada pelo número de anos completados na escola; ter trabalhado no mês precedente à entrevista, e status marital – categorizado em solteiro, separado ou viúvo, e casado ou com companheiro) e características de estilo de vida (consumo abusivo de bebidas alcoólicas – definido para mulheres que consumiram P15 gramas/dia ou homens que consumiam P30 gramas/dia 12, tabagismo – categorizado em fumante atual, ex-fumante e não tabagistas. O módulo de amostras complexas foi utilizado para considerar o efeito do desenho, c2 de Pearson para analisar a relação entre exposição de interesse e obesidade. Taxas de prevalência e intervalo de confiança (IC 95%) foram calculados com o modelo de Regressão de Cox com tempo igual a um. Resultados: Entre os critérios de baixo nível de atividade física, dos 1858 adultos 30,5% eram insuficientemente ativos conforme o protocolo do IPAQ, 25,5% realizavam menos do que 150 minutos por semana, 38,6% despendiam menos do que 1000 kcal por semana e 34,5% passavam seis horas ou mais sentados por semana. Diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os sexos, com maior prevalência entre os homens, foram detectadas para atividades vigorosas P150 min/sem (26,9% vs. 14,2%), deslocamento P150 min/sem (51,1% vs. 43,8%), prática por tempo igual ou superior a 1000 minutos por semana (18,9% vs. 14,2%) e permanência sentado por semana maior ou igual a seis horas/dia (37,4% vs. 32,4%). A relação inversa com idade foi confirmada em todos os critérios de atividade física para as mulheres e na maior parte dos critérios para os homens. Exceção constitui comportamento sedentário, associado à idade apenas entre os homens e com maior prevalência entre os mais jovens. Ao analisar a associação de alto nível de atividade física com obesidade, identificou-se na amostra que 25% eram muito ativos, 21% eram obesos e 29% tinham obesidade central. Homens e mulheres, respectivamente, apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto à prevalência de obesidade (17,5 vs. 23,5%, p=0,006), obesidade central (17,5 vs. 37,3%, p<0,001), mas não em relação a alto nível de atividade física (26,3 vs. 24,7%, p=0,5). A relação inversa de alto nível de atividade física com idade foi confirmada para homens (p<0,001) e mulheres (p<0,001), mas associação independente de alto nível de atividade física com menor risco de obesidade só foi caracterizada para mulheres (p=0,01). Conclusão: As prevalências de atividade física variam com a definição, mas os critérios do IPAQ e a duração maior ou igual a 150 minutos/semana se assemelham. As prevalências identificadas pelo IPAQ em Porto Alegre são semelhantes as descritas para o Brasil. A atividade física de alto nível é menos propensa a viés de aferição. E a associação com obesidade deve reproduzir a realidade. Na população de Porto Alegre a associação entre atividade física de alto nível e obesidade não foi confirmada para homens. Entre as mulheres, a associação foi significativa e independente de outros fatores de confusão.
Introduction: Physical inactivity is a risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCD). Among them, central obesity and waist adiposity stand out as an independent risk factor for mortality. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) has been used to assess physical activity epidemiology, aiming to standardize the investigation. Objective: To assess the prevalence of physical activity according to different criteria and its association with obesity in adults in the city of Porto Alegre, south Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional population-based study, representative of the adult population (18-90years old) of Porto Alegre. It is part of the Study of Obesity and Risk Factors (SOFT study). Physical activity was assessed using the short version of IPAQ. Obesity was determined by body-mass index P 30kg/m2, and central adiposity by waist circumference. Demographic (skin color, self referred and categorized in white or non-white; age, calculated from birth and interview dates), socioeconomic (education, defined as number of years in scholl; working during the month prior to the interview; marital status, categorized in single, divorced or widowed, and married), and life style (abusive alcohol consumption, defined as P15g/day for women and P 30g/day for men; smoking, categorized in current smokers, non-smokers, and ex-smokers) characteristics were investigated. The SPSS complex samples module was used to consider the design effect. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to analyze the relation among obesity and the variables of interest. Prevalence rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Cox regression with time set to 1. Results: Using the different criteria for low physical activity, 30.5% of 1858 adults were insufficiently active according to the IPAQ protocol, 25.5% performed less than 150 minutes of physical activity per week, 38.6% spent less than 1000kcal per week, and 34.5% spent six hours or more sitting per week. Statistically significant differences were detected between men and women, with a higher prevalence for men, for P150min/week of vigorous activities (26.9 vs. 14.2%), P 150min/week of walking (51.1 vs. 43.8%), P 1000min/week of practice (18.9 vs. 14.2%), and P 6h/day sitting (37.4 vs. 32.4%). Inverse correlation with age was confirmed in al criteria of physical activity for women, and on most criteria for men. An exception was sedentary behavior, associated to age only among men and with higher prevalence among young individuals. Analyzing the association of high level of physical activity with obesity, we identified that 25% of the sample were very active, 21% were obese and 29% ha central obesity. Men and women had significant differences regarding obesity (17.5 vs. 23.5%, p= 0.006) and central obesity (17.5 vs. 37.3%, p<0.001) prevalence, but not regarding high level of physical activity (26.3 vs. 24.7%, p=0.5). The inverse association of high physical activity level with age was confirmed for men (p<0.001) and women (p<0.001), but association independent of high physical activity level with less risk of obesity was only confirmed for women (p=0.01). Conclusion: Prevalence of physical activity varies according to definition, but IPAQ criteria and duration P 150min/week are similar. The prevalences identified by IPAQ in Porto Alegre are similar to those described in Brazil. High level physical activity is less prone to reporting bias, and its association with obesity should reproduce reality. In the population of Porto Alegre the associations between high level physical activity and obesity was not confirmed for men. Among women, the association was positive and independent of other confusion factors.

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Bernard, Abram R. "Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms of the Shigella Type III Secretion System Tip Complex." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7373.

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Shigella are bacteria that are responsible for millions of infections and hundreds of thousands of deaths every year. The emergence of antibiotic resistant Shigella adds to the potentially devastating effect that these bacteria can have on human health. Shigella flexneri utilize specialized molecular machinery called the Type III secretion system to infect humans and cause disease. Research of this machinery promises to provide the knowledge, tools, and direction for the development of new avenues to combat shigellosis. This dissertation presents studies of two Shigella proteins, invasion plasmid antigens C and D (IpaC and IpaD). These proteins are part of a syringe and needle like protein structure that allows Shigella to secrete proteins directly into the host that hijack host cells to benefit support Shigella infections. IpaC and IpaD are part of a protein tip complex that is directly involved in these Shigella-host (e.g. human) interactions. We have advanced the biochemical tools for the in vitro study of IpaC by utilizing a new way to isolate it. This purification methodology allowed us to look at one of IpaC’s main roles, to interact with the host cell membranes. We examined IpaC’s role and tried to identify the parts of IpaC responsible for some specific interactions. We found that the parts of IpaC we believed were responsible were not but that the composition of the membrane IpaC is interacting with is more important than we previously believed. Finally, we examined a rare part of IpaD structure to determine its role. We determined that this rare feature is required for IpaD to sense Shigella’s host environment and prepare the bacteria to infect, making a promising target for anti-infective treatments against Shigella infections. Our findings advance the understanding of key molecular mechanisms that are required for Shigella virulence. We expect that our findings will aid future researchers as the pursuit for new treatments for shigellosis continues.

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Hailer, Yasmin D. "Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease – Is it just the hip? : Epidemiological, Clinical and Psychosocial Studies with special focus on Etiology." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ortopedi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-219158.

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The overall aim of the thesis was to add some pieces to the etiological puzzle of LCPD with special focus on vascular origin and hyperactivity. Furthermore we wanted to evaluate some consequences of LCPD in adulthood. Swedish registry data were used to identify a cohort of patients with the diagnosis of LCPD. This cohort was compared with a general population– based cohort without LCPD to assess the relative risk of cardiovascular diseases, blood or coagulation defects, injury, ADHD, depression and mortality. In a clinical study we assessed health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), physical activity level (IPAQ) and screened for ADHD (ASRSv1.1) in 116 patients with a history of LCPD who were diagnosed or treated in Uppsala University Hospital between 1978 and 1995. The results confirmed our hypothesis: Patients with a history of LCPD had a 1.7-fold higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, and a 1.4-fold higher risk for blood or coagulation defects compared with gender- and age-matched individuals without LCPD. We found a 1.2-fold higher risk for injuries requiring hospital admission than in gender- and age-matched individuals without LCPD. The risk was more pronounced among females. Furthermore, we found a 1.5-fold higher risk for ADHD. Stratified analysis revealed a 2.1-fold higher risk for ADHD among females with LCPD than among females without LCPD. The risk for depression was 1.3-fold higher, and more pronounced among females with LCPD. Patients with LCPD had a slightly higher mortality risk with higher risk for death from suicide and cardiovascular causes. Patients with a history of LCPD reported a lower health-related quality of life and were more physically active than the Swedish population norm. 28% of 116 patients were likely to have ADHD or had already been diagnosed with ADHD. Both vascular and blood diseases could be present even in childhood and could, in combination with hyperactive behavior pattern and a high physical activity level, contribute to the etiology of LCPD. The lower health-related quality of life and higher risk for depression might reflect the mental burden of LCPD. Patients with LCPD have a higher mortality risk with higher risk for death from suicide and cardiovascular causes.

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Biel, Fabian, and Hanne Malmsten. "Svenska dagstidningar och iPad : Hur påverkar iPad tidningsmarknaden?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för journalistik, medier och kommunikation (JMK), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-58333.

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I takt med medielandskapets föraändring så utvecklas möjligheterna för medier att positionera sig digitalt alltmer. Denna kandidatuppsats har som syfte att undersöka hur denna förändring påverkar de svenska dagstidningarna när det kommer till Apples iPad. Vår frågeställning är således; hur tar svenska dagstidningar sig an iPad som en ny medieplattform?Vi har valt att använda oss utav kvalitativa intervjuer med de ledande aktörerna på den svenska dagstidningsmarknaden. Eftersom det här är ett så pass nytt och outforskat område finns det begränsat med relevant teori att tillgå. Vi har som hjälp använt oss av teorier om nya medier och digitalisering där vi bland annat har tittat på Internets framväxt. Det vi har kommit fram till i vår kandidatuppsats är att det är en ny marknad fylld av experiment och tester för att utveckla den perfekta modellen över hur man som dagstidning ska positionera sig på iPad. De resultat vi har kommit fram till idag komer med största sannolikhet att ändras inom ett par år. Både för att tekniken förbättras och skapar fler möjligheter, samt att konkurrenter ändrar förhållandena på marknaden.

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Tomás, Nuno Miguel Carapito. "Associação entre os hábitos de atividade física e as atitudes de aconselhamento de exercício físico em estudantes finalistas de medicina da Universidade da Beira Interior." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1614.

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Introdução: O médico tem um papel importante na promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis entre os seus doentes. Há evidências de que médicos com maiores níveis de atividade física (AF) têm atitudes mais positivas relativamente ao aconselhamento de exercício físico. Alguns estudos encontraram a mesma associação para estudantes de medicina. O objetivo deste trabalho é averiguar se os níveis de AF dos estudantes de medicina influenciam as atitudes relativamente ao aconselhamento de estilos de vida saudáveis, em particular da AF. Material e métodos: Foi desenhado um estudo observacional transversal, tendo sido aplicado um questionário aos alunos finalistas (N=83) do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina (MIM) da Universidade de Beira Interior (UBI) com uma taxa de resposta de 78% (N=65). O questionário avaliou os níveis de AF com recurso ao International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), o contexto promotor de estilos de vida saudáveis durante a formação médica e as atitudes relativas ao aconselhamento em estilos de vida. Resultados: Mais de metade dos alunos da amostra foram considerados ativos (55%). Não se encontrou uma relação entre os níveis totais de AF e o aconselhamento em AF. No entanto, níveis mais elevados de AF vigorosa associaram-se a uma maior confiança no aconselhamento em AF (p=0,017). A perceção do contexto da formação médica em que se promovam estilos de vida saudáveis relacionou-se com uma maior confiança e frequência do aconselhamento em AF (p=0,001; p=0,029). Conclusões: Níveis mais elevados de AF vigorosa entre os alunos finalistas do MIM da UBI estão relacionados com atitudes mais positivas relativamente ao aconselhamento em exercício físico. A formação médica e o contexto da escola médica parecem ser determinantes no desenvolvimento de atitudes mais positivas relativamente à promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis, em particular a AF.
Introduction: Physicians have an important role in promoting healthy lifestyles among their patients. There is evidence that physicians with higher levels of physical activity (PA) have more positive attitudes regarding exercise counseling. Some studies have found the same association for medical students. The aim of this study is to test if the PA level of medical students influences their attitudes towards counseling healthy lifestyles, particularly physical activity. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was designed and a questionnaire was applied to senior medical students (N = 83) at the University of Beira Interior (UBI) with a response rate of 78% (N = 65). The questionnaire evaluated the levels of PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the healthy lifestyles promotion framework during medical education and attitudes towards healthy lifestyles counseling. Results: More than half of UBI’s senior medical students were considered active (55%). There was no relationship between overall levels of PA and PA counseling. Higher vigorous PA levels were associated with a greater confidence in PA counseling (p = 0.017). The perception of a medical training that promotes healthy lifestyles was related to greater confidence and frequency of PA counseling (p=0,001; p=0,029). Conclusion: Higher vigorous PA levels of UBI’s senior medical students are related to more positive attitudes towards PA counseling. Medical education and the medical school framework seem to be determinant in the development of more positive attitudes towards promotion of healthy lifestyles, particularly PA.

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Barzu, Simona. "Reponse humorale contre les invasines ipab et ipac de shigella flexneri. Utilisation d'ipac pour la presentation d'epitopes heterologues au systeme immunitaire associe aux muqueuses." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066518.

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Le pouvoir pathogene de shigella flexneri, bacterie a gram negatif responsable de la dysenterie bacillaire, se manifeste par l'invasion de la muqueuse colique. La bacterie induit, siute a l'infection, une reponse immunitaire humorale serique et muqueuse, dirigee contre le lipopolysaccharide (lps) et contre des antigenes proteiques secretes et impliques dans le processus infectieux. Parmi ces derniers, les invasines ipab et ipac sont directement responsables de la capacite de s. Flexneri a envahir les cellules epitheliales de l'intestin. Apres caracterisation des domaines immunogenes des invasines, nous avons montre que la reponse humorale serique dirigee contre ces antigenes ne semble pas jouer de role protecteur contre une infection ulterieure. La capacite de shigella a induire une reponse immunitaire humorale au niveau de la muqueuse colo-rectale contre des antigenes proteiques nous a conduit a l'etude de son pouvoir immunogene vis-a-vis d'epitopes heterologues provenant d'autres pathogenes a tropisme muqueux. L'invasine ipac est capable de supporter les modifications necessaires a l'expression d'un epitope heterologue et nous avons defini au sein de celle-ci un site d'insertion permettant l'induction d'une reponse immunitaire humorale dirigee contre cet epitope. Une souche de virulence candidate pour la vaccination contre la shigellose a ete construite au laboratoire et utilisee ici comme vecteur de presentation d'antigenes hybrides ipac-epitope c3 du poliovirus au systeme immunitaire muqueux dans un modele d'infection murine. Des epitopes provenant de la proteine d'enveloppe du virus de l'immunodeficience humaine (vih) sont actuellement exprimes au sein de la proteine porteuse ipac, dans le vecteur attenue, et leur immunogenicite sera testee dans le modele experimental du singe macaque

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Lokareddy, Ravi Kumar [Verfasser]. "Structural and functional characterization of the molecular interaction between the chaperone IpgC and its substrates IpaB and IpaC from Shigella flexneri / Ravi Kumar Lokareddy." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1023704307/34.

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Stenberg, Sanella, and Sjöholm Madeleine Pettersson. "Ipad i förskolan." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för utbildningsvetenskap och språk, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-6129.

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Bakgrund: IKT-tekniken är införd sedan länge i grundskolan och är nu på väg att införas i förskolan. Det är därför intressant att undersöka hur långt införandeprocessen kommit, hur olika pedagoger uppfattar anvisningar från centralt håll, likaså hur de betraktar sin egen roll och sitt arbete med det nya verktyget. Vad anser pedagogerna sig behöva för stöd för att vidareutveckla arbetet med detta verktyg? Hur formuleras användningen av Ipad i relation till strävansmålen? Syftet är att belysa pedagogernas arbete, kunskaper och förhållningssätt till Ipad i några utvalda förskolor, där man har arbetat med detta verktyg i ca ett år. Metod: Undersökningen baseras på en kvalitativ intervjumetod. Frågeställningarna har fokus på när och hur Ipad används, vad som hindrar och underlättar användandet och behovet av utbildning för att använda detta verktyg. Undersökningsgruppen består av åtta pedagoger och två centrala tjänstemän. Intervjuerna är genomförda på sex olika förskolor i en mellanstor kommun i Västra Götaland. Resultat: Studien visar på att införandet av Ipad som pedagogiskt verktyg är en långsamtgående och ojämn process, som dock är i full gång. I studien framkommer tydligt att det finns de pedagoger som använder Ipad, som pedagogiskt verktyg, men det finns också pedagoger, som har ett mer osäkert förhållningssätt och där används iPad mera som en leksak. Pedagogerna har positiv inställning till verktyget samt stor önskan om mer utbildning för att kunna använda det mer pedagogiskt och målinriktat

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Tkachenko, M. S., and D. O. Marchenko. "IPad. Information device." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/22535.

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Nilzon, Tony. "iPad i undervisningen." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34798.

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Barn och unga av idag är digitalt infödda i förhållande till oss vuxna som är invandrade i dagens digitala samhälle. Då skolan speglar samhället är det en högaktuell fråga hur vi tar tillvara elevernas digitala kunskap i skolans lärande. Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur iPad kan användas som ett pedagogiskt verktyg i undervisningen med avseende på multimodalitet, motivation och social interaktion i lärandemiljöer. Utgångspunkten i undersökningen har varit ett aktionsforskande förhållningssätt där jag tillsammans med lärare och elever i särskild undervisningsgrupp har undersökt iPad som pedagogisk verktyg i lärandet. Genom observationer och intervjuer på arbetsplatsen, studiebesök inom förskolan, en tematisk planeringsdag för pedagoger samt ett rikt omfång av aktuell forskning kring iPad i undervisningen kan man konstatera att iPad i sig själv inte är ett pedagogiskt verktyg utan kan ses som ett tomt skal som är multimodalt förberett men som kan fyllas med appar som är helt individuellt anpassade utifrån den enskilde elevens behov. Om två år har vi första generationens digitala elever i grundskolan där många har en förskoletid bakom sig med iPad som ett naturligt inslag. För att vi pedagoger ska fånga upp denna kunskap och låta den fortsätta bli en naturlig del av våra barn och ungas liv behöver vi se iPad som ett multifunktionellt verktyg, överbrygga våra digitala begränsningar och skapa en undervisning, som utgår från våra styrdokument, men som i större utsträckning uppmuntrar eleverna till delaktighet och formande av morgondagens lärande.

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Mendes, Margarida Ramos de Deus. "IPA." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16405.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Design, com a especialização em Produto apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.
Cerca de 80% da informação que o ser humano recebe é através da visão. Para pessoas cegas e com perda de visão severa a mais simples atividade do dia-a-dia pode tornar-se num desafio. A identificação de produtos é um problema comum para estas pessoas, principalmente produtos alimentares, sempre que a pessoa necessita de ir às compras, na despensa em casa ou em cada refeição do dia em que é necessário cozinhar. Para ajudar a população portadora de deficiência visual, a enfrentar este problema, esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo o desenvolvimento de um equipamento/dispositivo que resolva este obstáculo de maneira a dar-lhe mais autonomia. Durante o desenvolvimento deste estudo foi importante salientar temas como o “Design Inclusivo”, o “Interação Produto/ Utilizador”, “Deficiência Visual” e a “Identificação de produtos”. Em termos metodológicos foi realizada, nesta dissertação, uma investigação de natureza mista assente em métodos intervencionistas e não-intervencionistas. Elaborou-se uma revisão da literatura, com o objetivo de reunir as bases teóricas das áreas de estudo; recorreu- se a uma análise de casos de estudo; fez-se um levantamento dos dispositivos existentes no mercado recorrendo a um estudo de casos; foram realizadas conversas informais, mas essenciais ao desenvolvimento do projeto e ainda se concretizou uma entrevista exploratória com um grupo de amostragem. Aplicando ainda uma metodologia não-intervencionista, foram feitos inquéritos por entrevista ao grupo de amostragem, colaborador e especialista, com o intuito de perceber que alterações seriam necessárias para a evolução do projeto. Simultaneamente, e numa vertente mais prática de investigação ativa, foram criados diversos modelos-teste do dispositivo, em que o último modelo, mais próximo daquilo que seria o dispositivo na realidade, foi utilizado para a realização de uma avaliação e simulação da utilização do mesmo, com o grupo de amostragem. Deste modo, espera-se que este processo de investigação permita mostrar a importância de uma melhor maneira de identificar produtos alimentares que facilite a rotina diária das pessoas portadoras de de ciência visual, melhorando consequentemente a sua qualidade de vida.
ABSTRACT: About 80% of the information that the human being receives is through vision. For blind people and with severe vision loss, the simplest day-today activity can become a challenge. Product identification is a common problem for these people, especially food products, whenever they need to go shopping, in the pantry at home or at each meal of the day when it is necessary to cook. To help the population with visual imparment dealing with this problem, this dissertation has as object of study, the development of an equipment/device that can solve this problem in order to give more autonomy. During the development of this study it was important to highlight themes such as “Inclusive Design”, “Product-User Interaction”, “Visual Impairment” and “Product Identification”. In methodological terms it was made, in this dissertation, a mixed nature investigation with interventionist and non-interventionist methods. A review of the literature was made, aiming to gather the theoretical bases of the study areas; It was made an analysis of study cases; a survey of the existing devices on the market was done using case studies; informal conversations were carried out, but they were essential to the development of the Project, it was also done an exploratory interview with a sampling group. Applying a non- interventionist methodology, were elaborated surveys by interview to the sampling group, a collaborator and a specialist, in order to understand what changes would be necessary for the evolution of the project. Simultaneously, and in a more practical eld of active investigation, several test models of the device were created, in which the last one, closer to what the device would actually be, was used to carry out an evaluation and simulation of its use, with the sampling group. Therefore, is expected that this process of investigation shows the importance of a better way to identify food products that facilitates the daily routine of blind or visually impaired people, giving them the desired autonomy.
N/A

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Eriksson, David, and Kristian Ionescu. "En iPad-baserad ritningsbehandlare." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-200146.

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In today’s society, it becomes more common with tablets, that makes us interact with computers in a whole new way. For example these are used to read and write e-mails, surf the web and playing games. Another manner of use of these tablets is to read and edit PDF documents. PDF handling is often meant to be used in books and inregular text documents, but it could also be used in the management of drawings. An industry that would benefit greatly from the use of tablets for this purpose is the con- struction industry. By creating an application that not only serves as a standard PDF reader, but also can handle drawings by making annotations, synchronize them toa cloud service and mail these drawings to others. This would make the management of drawings more effective and this would also revolutionize this industry. This thesis presents the planning, implementation, results and also the challenges that were faced during the development of such a prototype. By using object-oriented analysis and design principles, extensive use of test cases and implementation in Objective-C interesting results have emerged. This report mainly turns to readers with interest or has a background in computer science.
I dagens samhälle blir det allt vanligare med surfplattor som får oss att interagera med datorer på ett helt nytt sätt. Dessa används t.ex. för att läsa och skriva e-postmeddelanden, surfa på webben och spela spel. Ett annat användningssätt av dessa surfplattor är att läsa och editera PDF-dokument. PDF-hantering är ofta tänkt att användas i böcker och i vanliga textdokument men ett användningsområde som det också skulle kunna användas inom är ritningshantering. En bransch som skulle ha stor nytta av att använda surfplattor i just detta syfte är byggbranschen. Genom att skapa en applikation som inte bara fungerar som en vanlig PDF-läsare, utan även kan behandla ritningar genom att i dessa kunna göra annoteringar, synkronisera dessa mot en molntjänst och maila dessa ritningar till andra så skulle ritningshanteringen inom byggbranschen effektiviseras både tidsmässigt och ur ett kostnadsperspektiv. Detta examensarbete presenterar bl.a. planeringen, implementeringen, resultatet men även de utmaningar som framkom vid skapandet av en sådan prototyp. Med användning av objektorienterade analys och design principer, utförlig användning av testfall och implementering i Objective-C så har intressanta resultat framkommit. Denna rapport vänder sig, i huvudsak, till läsare med datavetenskapligt intresse eller bakgrund.

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Ekstrand, Nicklas. "Ipad-hållare för såmaskin." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för industridesign, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-23157.

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Rapporten redogör för ett examensarbete i industridesign på kandidatnivå – Mittuniversitetet.Projektet innefattar att ta fram en hållare för Ipad Air med funktionsknappar för styrning avVäderstads applikation via bluetooth.Designarbetet innefattar research, användaretester, kreativt arbete med idégenerering, visualiseringaroch fysisk modell. Designen är gjord för att vara hållfast och tålig för miljön den utsätts för.Den är även ergonomisk, flexibel och användarvänlig. Den nya designen återspeglar Väderstadsvarumärke och kärnvärden.Övriga aktörer i projektet är Prodelox AB som hjälpt till med konstruktionsfrågor och handledning.Projektet inleds med en research-fas som innefattar insamlande av information och tester. Det följsav en kreativ fas med idéframtagning. I presentationsfasen tas det fram CAID-visualiseringar, enfysisk presentationsmodell samt rapport.

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Lang, Josefin, and Frida Carlberg. "iCan with iPad : en kvalitativ undersökning kring pedagogers användning av iPad i förskoleverksamheten." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-11895.

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Då den digitala tekniken har en betydelsefull roll i samhället anser vi att det är av stor vikt att den integreras i föreskoleverksamheten, något som även läroplanen för förskolan betonar. Vi har valt att undersöka hur och varför pedagoger i förskolan använder sig av iPaden samt om de ser några möjligheter eller hinder med att integrera den i verksamheten. I litteraturdelen behandlas både teoretiska perspektiv och tidigare forskning releventa för det område som har undersökts. För att få tillgång till pedagogernas erfarenheter och tankar kring iPaden genomförde vi en kvalitativ undersökning i form av ett frågeformulär med öppna frågor. Kontakt upprättades via det sociala mediet Facebook där en intresseförfrågan lades ut på ett forum, iPad i skola och förskola. Sex pedagoger deltog i undersökninge. Ett informationsbrev och frågeformulär skickades därefter ut via e-mail tillpedagogerna. Deras svar bearbetades och analyserades utifrån ett konstruktivistiskt och sociokulturellt perspektiv. Utifrån det material som samlades in, både litteratur och erhållna svar från pedagogerna, kunde vi få svar på våra frågeställningar. Undersökningen visade att de tillfrågade pedagogerna främst använder surfplattan som ett kompletterande verktyg i verksamheten med syfte att underlätta dokumentationen av barns lärande och utveckling. Det framgick även, utifrån undersökningen, att det finns både fördelar och nackdelar med att integrerar iPaden i förskolan.

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Berggren, Ingela. "IPad i sfi-klassrummet : Illiteratas tankar och upplevelser av iPad vid läs- och skrivinlärning." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-27554.

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The study aims to investigate what the iPad in SFI education means for the individual when it comes to becoming literate from having been illiterate. The focus of the study is on reading and writing in combination with individual motivation and opinions on iPad as a teaching tool. The study is based on interviews of three illiterate participants of sfi. The interviews give an idea of the individuals´ attitudes to the iPad and whether they think they learn to read and write with the iPad. The study also discusses what the participants think they cannot learn with the iPad. The study also includes two interviews with teachers, which aims to broaden and nuance pictures of how the iPad works in the classroom. Even the teachers' perceptions of the iPad as a teaching tool are examined. In addition, classroom observations are made to further ensure the participants' opinions, thoughts and work with the iPad. The results show that all three participants believe that they learn to read and write more quickly with the iPad than without. All three have great motivation to use the iPad, but have different endurance of how long they can work with it. All three consider, however, iPad as only a tool and highlight communication with the teacher as more important, because then they can ask, be given explanations and know why they make certain errors. The teachers have different approaches and different perceptions of students' use, and also what they themselves use the iPad for. However, they believe the iPad to be a good teaching tool that allows for individualization. The observations confirmed what the participants expressed. The study gives reason to argue for many benefits in term of iPad in the classroom. A good app promotes learning and the special needs of an illiterate, both in terms of letters, words, pictures and symbols. Even good pronunciation is promoted by the use of iPad as critical information can be given repeatedly, an indefinite number of times any time during use.

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Lundell, Gustaf. "Trummor för iPhone & iPad." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-51298.

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This project is about development of virtual drums for iPhone and iPad. The project aims to provide the company Toontrack AB with a good foundation to build drumbased apps. The focus has been on getting a quick response when playing and that user interfaces should be easy to use, intuitive and customizable. The result is impressive and both audio and graphics are of excellent quality thanks to good collaboration with Toontrack, that previously has developed drum-based software. The drum kit offers a variety of articulations and even the ability to play various dynamics, although the screens are not pressure sensitive.

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Jakobsson, Andreas. "Video approval app for iPad." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-95401.

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The goal of this master thesis project was to design a concept for an iPad app that solves the problem of collecting feedback around a video clip in a video production. The concept targeted an end user which used the mobility of the iPad to give feedback on video clips from wherever, collaborating with other people involved in the video production. A background study was performed covering mobile app development, guidelines for designing mobile systems and guidelines for designing collaborative systems. With data gathered from interviews with people working with video, a design process including ideation, sketching, interface mockups and interactive mockups iterated the concept into a proposal for a video commenting tool for iPad. The app lets the user add comments onto the timeline with text, drawings and voice recordings as well as keeping him or her up to date with the discussions around the video clip. The result of the project can be used as a reference document for further development.

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Černý, Tomáš. "Electronic Flight Bag pro IPad." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234882.

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This thesis deals with the EFB systems, its standards, types and modes of operation. It describes the design and implementation of an Apple iPad application, intended to be used as an EFB by the Czech general aviation pilots. The real utilization of such application allows for simplification of the preflight check and safe execution of flight while removing the usual load of paper documents from the cockpit. This is achieved through a SW im- plementation of operationally attractive functions. It could be for example: searching in regulations and pilot's handbooks, acquisition and viewing of meteorological informations and recent changes in air traffic, interactive calculation of important parameters or flight navigation.

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Mims, Pamela J., Angel Lee, Tracie-Lynn Zakas, and Diane M. Browder. "Access Language Arts iPad App." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/321.

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A researched and standards-based program for secondary students learning language arts skills Product Features: Complements Teaching to Standards: English Language Arts Includes eight pieces of adapted literature with read-aloud function Features age-appropriate literature likeHoles and Number the Stars Provides vocabulary, prediction, and reading activity for each story Incorporates progress monitoring, constant time-delay procedure, and least intrusive prompting Also available as the Access Language Arts Software

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Hernmo, Annika. "iPad i matematikundervisning. En undersökning om lärares syn på iPad i årskurs ett till tre." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34818.

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Syftet med uppsatsen har varit att undersöka hur och varför iPaden används inom matematikundervisningen i årskurs ett till årskurs tre. Dessutom har det undersökts vilka applikationer som används och om lärarna kopplar användandet av iPaden till kursplanen. Forskningen kring iPadanvändningen i matematikundervisningen är begränsad, vilket har gjort denna undersökning intressant för att belysa detta område. Undersökningen har en kvalitativ ansats och intervju har använts som metodval. Fyra lärare har intervjuats och en semistrukturerad intervjumall har använts som skapats utifrån syftets tre forskningsfrågor. Undersökning visar att iPaden används i matematikundervisningen i årskurs ett till tre främst med rena matematikappar. Apparna som används tränar främst på de fyra räknesätten och ren färdighetsträning av dessa och tre av fyra lärare styr vilka appar eleverna ska arbeta med på respektive lektion. iPaden används på olika pedagogiska sätt, där en del arbetar fritt med iPaden och andra använder den främst som ett läromedel. Eleverna arbetar främst två och två där de måste samarbeta och diskutera vad de gör och hur de ska lösa uppgiften. Lärarna använder väldigt olika appar och där är bara en app som alla använder, King of Math. Två av lärarna kopplar valet av appar till kursplanen, men bara en av dessa har denna koppling nerskriven. De båda lärarna måste dock motivera varför appen ska användas, då de har en app-ansvarig som avgör om de får använda appen eller inte. De resterande två lärarna väljer appar utifrån vad de tror är bra för det som de just för tillfället arbetar med i matematikundervisningen och ingen kontrollerar deras val av appar. Lärarna har svårt att nämna specifika matematikkunskaper som eleverna har fått sen de började använda iPaden. De ser främst en förbättring i deras färdighetsträning. iPaden används flitigt av de intervjuade lärarna, men alla har inte ett tydligt syfte med användandet. Resultatet från denna studie visar att om iPaden ska bidra till att elevernas kunskaper ökar är det viktigt att det finns ett tydligt syfte med användandet.

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Zadran, Ahmad Shah. "Ipad i klassrummen : En kvalitativ studie om hur elever påverkas av Ipad-användning under lektionstid." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86268.

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Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka åsikter lärare på en skola har om iPad i undervisningen och hur det påverkade eleverna. I denna studie användes en kombination av intervjuer och observationer för att få tillgång till den data som var nödvändig. Semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio lärare utfördes och flertal observationer under lektionstid genomfördes. Studien grundade sig på tre teman: inlärning, distraktion och mående. Resultaten visade att lärarna var överens om att iPaden distraherade eleverna men var oense i frågor om hur iPaden påverkade elevers inlärning och mående. De som tyckte att iPaden bland annat bidrog till kreativitet, hade det svårare att se sambandet mellan psykisk ohälsa och iPaden. Andra lärare ansåg att iPaden bidrog till att fler elever blev isolerade och att inlärningen hämmades eftersom eleverna inte behövde anstränga sig som förr för att söka information. Resultaten diskuteras i ljuset av iPadens vara eller icke-vara som läromedel i klassrummet
The purpose of the study was to investigate what opinions teachers at a school had about the iPad in teaching and how it affected students. This study used a combination of interviews and observations to access the data that was necessary. Semi-structured interviews with ten teachers were conducted and several observations were made during lesson time. The study was based on three themes: learning, distraction, and mood. The results showed that the teachers did agree that the iPad did distract the students but disagreed on questions about how the iPad affected students' learning and mood. Those who were in favor thought that the iPad, among other things, contributed to creativity and found it more difficult to see a connection between mental illness and the iPad. Other teachers considered that the iPad contributed to more students being isolated and that learning was hampered because the students did not have to make an effort as before to seek information. The results are discussed in the light of the iPad's being or non-being as a teaching aid in the classroom.

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Stenström, Lotta. "iPad och appar som motivation : En kvalitativ studie om elever om elever som har iPad som hjälpmedel och deras motivation till att använda iPad och appar." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik (PED), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-68479.

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Syftet med studien är att undersöka vad det är som motiverar elever som har iPad som ett hjälpmedel till att använda den i skolarbetet. Den teori som är vald för studien är inre och yttre motivation. Inre motivation är när elever finner ett studiematerial intressant och arbetet tillfredställande och roligt. Yttre motivation är en aktivitet som utförs för att få en belöning. I skolarbetet är det viktigt att pedagogerna försöker skapa en inre motivation hos eleverna, som är den starkaste drivkraften. Metoden för studien är kvalitativ. Fem kvalitativa intervjuer samt fem passiva observationer har använts som empiriskt redskap. Till studiens empiri har den hermeneutiska ansatsen använts vid bearbetning, tolkning och analys. För att få en förståelse för informanternas utsagor i tolknings- och analysarbetet har en växelverkan förekommit mellan delarna och helheten. Studiens resultat visar att det är viktigt för eleverna att det digitala verktyget skall vara lätt att ta med sig, samt att den startar snabbt. Det är även viktigt att det finns snabb uppkoppling till internet. En annan viktig sak är att eleverna har tillgång till någon som kan hjälpa dem när det uppstår problem med det digitala verktyget av något slag. Både elever och vuxna belyser att elevernas motivation har ökat sedan de börjat arbeta med iPad och olika appar i undervisningen och framför allt när hela klassen gör det samtidigt. Specialpedagogiska implikationer: Utifrån resultatet ser jag att iPaden och apparna kan motivera elever som har fått iPad som hjälpmedel till skolarbete. Jag menar dock att det är betydelsefullt att verktyget anpassas efter elevens behov och förutsättningar. I sitt arbete med iPaden och apparna behöver eleven få vägledning och stöd av en pedagog. Jag finner det därför av stor vikt att alla speciallärare, specialpedagoger, assistenter och lärare får kompetensutveckling inom området.

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Raissi, Raeel. "Musikskapande med iPad : en kvalitativ studie om elevers upplevelser av musikskapande med iPad i årskurs 9." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för musik, pedagogik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-2637.

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Skapande i olika former är något som vi människor hållit på med under en lång tid. Att skapa musik är också något som musikundervisningen i skolan ska syfta till. Så väl skolan som samhället håller på att digitaliseras allt mer vilket lett till att skapandet i musikundervisningen numera ofta sker med iPads. Så är åtminstone fallet på den skolan som jag besökt i Stockholm där jag intervjuat tre elever i årskurs 9 i en fokusgrupp. Målet med intervjun var att få en djupare inblick i elevernas tankar och upplevelser kring musikskapande med iPad. Syftet med denna studie är således att undersöka hur elever i årskurs 9 upplever iPad som musikskapande verktyg. Via en kvalitativ forskningsmetod har datainsamlingen från fokusgruppen analyserats utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv. Resultaten pekar på att eleverna till övervägande del upplever iPad som positivt och att det är ett självklart redskap att skapa musik med. Dock visar resultaten att användandet av iPad minskar möjligheten att samarbeta i musikskapandet och att grupparbeten är svåra.

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Moberg, Camilla. "Små barns möte med ipad : En studie om lärande och kommunikation mellan yngre förskolebarn och ipad." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för kultur-, religions- och utbildningsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-15534.

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Hjort, Lisa, and Eva Lind. "Förskolebarns interaktion och kommunikation med iPad : En kvalitativ observationsstudie om barns användande av iPad på förskolan." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9052.

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Den kvalitativa studiens syfte var att beskriva och förstå barns kommunikation och interaktion vid användning av iPad. Observationer har skett på tre olika förskolor som aktivt använder iPad i sin verksamhet. Studien har utgått ifrån sociokulturella teorin om att barn lär av varandra i interaktion. I studiens resultat har det framkommit att barn interagerar när de satt flera barn runt gemensam iPad. Det framkom också att en interaktion sker barn- iPad då barn vid flera tillfällen verbalt kommunicerade med appen. Kommunikationen runt iPaden gick genom det styrande barnet både verbalt och icke verbalt. De icke styrande barnen gav instruktioner till det styrande barnet som de sedan såg på skärmen om det genomfördes. Då verbala instruktioner inte utfördes gjorde barnet en icke verbal handling i form av eget handlande. I diskussionen jämförde vi studiens resultat med teorier och tidigare forskning. Användandet av iPaden i den pedagogiska verksamheten och en närvarande pedagog är av betydelse för att lärande ska ske. Interaktion och kommunikation uppstod i aktiviteten, men pedagogens roll är att utmana barnen.
The qualitative study was designed to describe and understand the child's communication and interaction when using the iPad. Observations have been made on three different pre-schools that are actively using the iPad in their activity. The study has been based on the socio-cultural theory that children learn from each other in interaction. The results of the study have revealed that children interact as they sat several children around common iPad. It also emerged that an interaction occurs child - iPad when children on several occasions verbally communicated with the app. The communication around the iPad went by the governing child both verbally and nonverbally. The non-steer kids gave instructions to the governing child, which they saw on the screen if it was implemented. When verbal instructions were not carried out did the child a nonverbal action in the form of own actions. In the discussion, we compared the results of the study of theories and previous research. The use of the iPad in the educational activities and having a currently teacher are important for learning to happen. Interaction and communication emerged in the activity, but the educator's role is to challenge kids.

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