Relevant bibliographies by topics / IoT Architecture

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'IoT Architecture'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 September 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "IoT Architecture"

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Aguru, Aswani Devi, Erukala Suresh Babu, Soumya Ranjan Nayak, Abhisek Sethy, and Amit Verma. "Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic Investigation." Algorithms 15, no. 9 (August 29, 2022): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15090309.

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Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the efflorescing technologies of recent years with splendid real-time applications in the fields of healthcare, agriculture, transportation, industry, and environmental monitoring. In addition to the dominant applications and services of IoT, many challenges exist. As there is a lack of standardization for IoT technologies, the architecture emerged as the foremost challenge. The salient issues in designing an IoT architecture encompass connectivity, data handling, heterogeneity, privacy, scalability, and security. The standard IoT architectures are the ETSI IoT Standard, the ITU-T IoT Reference Model, IoT-A Reference Model, Intel’s IoT Architecture, the Three-Layer Architecture, Middle-Based Architecture, Service-Oriented Architecture, Five-Layer Architecture, and IWF Architecture. In this paper, we have reviewed these architectures and concluded that IWF Architecture is most suitable for the effortless development of IoT applications because of its immediacy and depth of insight in dealing with IoT data. We carried out this review concerning smart healthcare as it is among the major industries that have been leaders and forerunners in IoT technologies. Motivated by this, we designed the novel Smart Healthcare Reference Architecture (SHRA) based on IWF Architecture. Finally, present the significance of smart healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have synthesized our findings in a systematic way for addressing the research questions on IoT challenges. To the best of our knowledge, our paper is the first to provide an exhaustive investigation on IoT architectural challenges with a use case in a smart healthcare system.
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Zhang, Yongqiang, Hongchang Yu, Wanzhen Zhou, and Menghua Man. "Application and Research of IoT Architecture for End-Net-Cloud Edge Computing." Electronics 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12010001.

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At the edge of the network close to the source of the data, edge computing deploys computing, storage and other capabilities to provide intelligent services in close proximity and offers low bandwidth consumption, low latency and high security. It satisfies the requirements of transmission bandwidth, real-time and security for Internet of Things (IoT) application scenarios. Based on the IoT architecture, an IoT edge computing (EC-IoT) reference architecture is proposed, which contained three layers: The end edge, the network edge and the cloud edge. Furthermore, the key technologies of the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the EC-IoT reference architecture is analyzed. Platforms for different EC-IoT reference architecture edge locations are classified by comparing IoT edge computing platforms. On the basis of EC-IoT reference architecture, an industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) edge computing solution, an Internet of Vehicles (IoV) edge computing architecture and a reference architecture of the IoT edge gateway-based smart home are proposed. Finally, the trends and challenges of EC-IoT are examined, and the EC-IoT architecture will have very promising applications.
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Vishwakarma, Niraj Kumar, Rohit Kumar Singh, and R. R. K. Sharma. "Internet of things architectures: do organizational strategies matters?" Business Process Management Journal 26, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 102–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-03-2018-0092.

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Purpose The technology used by an organization is significantly influenced by the organization’s preferred competitive capabilities. The Internet of things (IoT) is an important technology, which is implemented by most prominent business organizations. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between an organization’s strategies and the IoT architectures implemented by the organization. Design/methodology/approach This study has been carried out on primary data collected with the help of a structured questionnaire. The data have been analyzed by statistical techniques like cluster analysis and discriminant analysis through SPSS. Findings The empirical investigation of data revealed that there is a relationship between organizational strategy and IoT architectures. The three-layered architecture of the IoT is most suitable for caretakers; the three-, four- or five- layered architectures are suitable for marketeers; whereas innovators find it more suitable to use five- or more-layered architecture of the IoT. This paper draws the conclusion based on maximum likelihood rather than using statistical analyses like ANOVA. The idea behind using the maximum likelihood estimate is that there are many subjective parameters in deciding the architectures of the IoT. These subjective parameters are difficult to quantify, so it is not possible to apply ANOVA on these parameters. Research limitations/implications This study considers three organizational strategies; the relationship between other organizational strategies and IoT architecture will be studied in future. Practical implications This study offers multiple opportunities to practitioners and consulting firms of the IoT to adopt a suitable IoT architecture according to the organizational strategy. This study equips IoT development engineers to select suitable technology for data capturing, data transmission, and data management and access for an IoT architecture. Originality/value Although a lot of work has already been done on the architecture of IoT for different industries and businesses, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that relates organizational strategies to IoT architectures. This study applies to all the major industry types.
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Ejike, Christian Nonyelum, Tebella Mathaba, and Francois Du Rand. "General-Purpose Architectural Model for IoT-Based In-situ Monitoring Systems." MATEC Web of Conferences 370 (2022): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202237005006.

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Over time, the Internet of things (IoT) discussion has come to prominence, and in-situ monitoring systems have been geared up with IoT services and deployed over IoT architectures. The integration of IoT services within system development has enriched many monitoring application studies but the architectural models used in majority of these studies trivializes several key components of a fully functional IoT architecture. This paper proposes a general-purpose architectural model (GPAM) that can be used in the deployment of any in-situ monitoring system. The proposed architectural model is successfully implemented using a single domain use-case (water assessment) as a conceptual proof. The traditional water assessment processes are transformed into IoT processes in an attempt to reach the same result in a more efficient manner. This template can help prospective developers build and engineer robust IoT monitoring systems.
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Aldea, Constantin Lucian, Razvan Bocu, and Anca Vasilescu. "Relevant Cybersecurity Aspects of IoT Microservices Architectures Deployed over Next-Generation Mobile Networks." Sensors 23, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010189.

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The design and implementation of secure IoT platforms and software solutions represent both a required functional feature and a performance acceptance factor nowadays. This paper describes relevant cybersecurity problems considered during the proposed microservices architecture development. Service composition mechanisms and their security are affected by the underlying hardware components and networks. The overall speedup of the platforms, which are implemented using the new 5G networks, and the capabilities of new performant IoT devices may be wasted by an inadequate combination of authentication services and security mechanisms, by the architectural misplacing of the encryption services, or by the inappropriate subsystems scaling. Considering the emerging microservices platforms, the Spring Boot alternative is used to implement data generation services, IoT sensor reading services, IoT actuators control services, and authentication services, and ultimately assemble them into a secure microservices architecture. Furthermore, considering the designed architecture, relevant security aspects related to the medical and energy domains are analyzed and discussed. Based on the proposed architectural concept, it is shown that well-designed and orchestrated architectures that consider the proper security aspects and their functional influence can lead to stable and secure implementations of the end user’s software platforms.
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R, Jithin, and Priya Chandran. "Secure and Dynamic Memory Management Architecture for Virtualization Technologies in IoT Devices." Future Internet 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2018): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi10120119.

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The introduction of the internet in embedded devices led to a new era of technology—the Internet of Things (IoT) era. The IoT technology-enabled device market is growing faster by the day, due to its complete acceptance in diverse areas such as domicile systems, the automobile industry, and beyond. The introduction of internet connectivity in objects that are frequently used in daily life raises the question of security—how secure is the information and the infrastructure handled by these devices when they are connected to the internet? Security enhancements through standard cryptographic techniques are not suitable due to the power and performance constraints of IoT devices. The introduction of virtualization technology into IoT devices is a recent development, meant for fulfilling security and performance needs. However, virtualization augments the vulnerability present in IoT devices, due to the addition of one more software layer—namely, the hypervisor, which enables the sharing of resources among different users. This article proposes the adaptation of ASMI (Architectural Support for Memory Isolation—a general architecture available in the literature for the improvement of the performance and security of virtualization technology) on the popular MIPS (Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages) embedded virtualization platform, which could be adopted in embedded virtualization architectures for IoT devices. The article illustrates the performance enhancement achieved by the proposed architecture with the existing architectures.
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Ungurean, Ioan, and Nicoleta Cristina Gaitan. "A Software Architecture for the Industrial Internet of Things—A Conceptual Model." Sensors 20, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 5603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195603.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging concept that has revolutionized the use of new technologies in everyday life. The economic impact of IoT becoming very important, and it began to be used in the industrial environment under the name of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) concept, which is a sub-domain of IoT. The IIoT changes the way industrial processes are controlled and monitored, increasing operating efficiency. This article proposes a software architecture for IIoT that has a low degree of abstraction compared to the reference architectures presented in the literature. The architecture is organized on four-layer and it integrates the latest concepts related to fog and edge computing. These concepts are activated through the use of fog/edge/gateway nodes, where the processing of data acquired from things is performed and it is the place where things interact with each other in the virtual environment. The main contributions of this paper are the proposal and description of a complete IIoT software architecture, the use of a unified address space, and the use of the computing platform based on SoC (System on Chip) with specialized co-processors in order to be able to execute in real-time certain time-critical operations specific to the industrial environment.
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Zahoor, Saniya, and Shabir A.Sofi. "Internet of Things: A Review of Functionality, Applications, Architectures and Challenges." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 09 (September 25, 2021): 1216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/09676.

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm that embodies the vision of merging smart objects while utilizing the internet as the backbone of the communication system to establish a smart interaction among physical entities in pervasive environments. In IoT, data is generated in realtime and stored in permanent repositories. Additional data in the form of meta-data that describes things adds to the data volume and to manage this data, architecture is required. IoT finds its applicability in a plethora of applications such as transportation, smart city, smart health, smart environment, home entertainment, sports, etc. but there is no universal architecture for all IoT implementations. We have layered architectures and domain-specific architectures for different IoT applications. Besides a large number of architectures for IoT, it faces several potential challenges such as scalability, reliability, heterogeneity, etc. This paper presents an understanding of the Internet of Things in terms of its functionality, layered and domain-specific architectures, and its potential challenges.
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Astier, Jean Y., Igor Y. Zhukov, Oleg N. Murashov, and Alexey P. Bardin. "A NEW OS ARCHITECTURE FOR IOT." Bezopasnost informacionnyh tehnology 25, no. 1 (March 2018): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26583/bit.2018.1.02.

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Marah, Bockarie Daniel, Zilong Jing, Tinghuai Ma, Raeed Alsabri, Raphael Anaadumba, Abdullah Al-Dhelaan, and Mohammed Al-Dhelaan. "Smartphone Architecture for Edge-Centric IoT Analytics." Sensors 20, no. 3 (February 7, 2020): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030892.

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The current baseline architectures in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT) strongly recommends the use of edge computing in the design of the solution applications instead of the traditional approach which solely uses the cloud/core for analysis and data storage. This research, therefore, focuses on formulating an edge-centric IoT architecture for smartphones which are very popular electronic devices that are capable of executing complex computational tasks at the network edge. A novel smartphone IoT architecture (SMIoT) is introduced that supports data capture and preprocessing, model (i.e., machine learning models) deployment, model evaluation and model updating tasks. Moreover, a novel model evaluation and updating scheme is provided which ensures model validation in real-time. This ensures a sustainable and reliable model at the network edge that automatically adjusts to changes in the IoT data subspace. Finally, the proposed architecture is tested and evaluated using an IoT use case.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "IoT Architecture"

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BOTLER, Léo Happ. "An IOT architecture for counting people." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2017. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25234.

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Submitted by Pedro Barros (pedro.silvabarros@ufpe.br) on 2018-07-25T18:14:54Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Léo Happ Botler.pdf: 11089344 bytes, checksum: 86a0a174c2ae1305daee53b383a906db (MD5)
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CNPq
Knowing whether a room is occupied or not is crucial for improving electrical energy efficiency. For instance, if a given room is empty there is usually no need for the lights to be turned on. Usually in small spaces such as elevator halls, a Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor is used together with the lighting, but as it lacks accuracy, people often are left in the dark after a few minutes. Another factor that deteriorates energy efficiency is that these sensors are seldom connected to a network, limiting the application scenarios to simple tasks, such as controlling lamps. The same data could be used to improve other services such as adjusting the temperature of an air conditioner, which usually has a high impact on energy costs in countries with warm weather. In the present dissertation a wireless device capable of counting people in a room is implemented using Infrared (IR) Light Emitting Diode (LED)s. The implemented device is analyzed regarding energy consumption, cost, error count and installation time. It is also compared to other existing solutions. An architecture for interfacing this device with the Internet of Things (IoT) is provided as well as some of its applications in real scenarios. The results show that the architecture provided as well as the device implemented are useful in the presented scenarios, presenting a distance range of up to 30cm, a false negatives percentual error around 4% and an energy consumption of 1.519W.
Saber se um cômodo está ocupado ou não é crucial para melhorar a eficiência de energia elétrica. Por exemplo, se um quarto está desocupado, geralmente, não há necessidade de as lâmpadas estarem ligadas. Geralmente, em ambientes pequenos como em halls de elevador, um sensor Infravermelho Passivo (PIR) é usado em conjunto com as lâmpadas, mas como estes sensores não são precisos, as pessoas são frequentemente deixadas no escuro após alguns minutos. Outro fator que prejudica a eficiência energética é que raramente estes sensores estão conectados a uma rede, limitando os cenários de aplicação a tarefas simples, como controlar lâmpadas, enquanto os dados do sensor poderiam ser utilizados para melhorar outros serviços, como ajustar a temperatura de um aparelho de ar condicionado, que geralmente tem um alto impacto nas contas de energia, em países quentes. Nesta dissertação, um dispositivo sem fio capaz de contar pessoas em um quarto é implementado utilizando Diodos Emissores de Luz (LED)s Infravermelhos (IR). O dispositivo implementado é analisado nos seguintes aspectos: consumo de energia, custo, contagem de erros e tempo de instalação. Este também é comparado a outras soluções existentes. Uma arquitetura para fazer a interface entre este dispositivo e a Internet das Coisas (IoT) é fornecida, assim como alguns cenários em que esta pode ser aplicada. Os resultados mostram que a arquitetura, assim como o dispositivo implementado são úteis nos cenários apresentados, apresentando um alcance de 30cm, um percentual de erros do tipo falso negativo da ordem de 4% e um consumo de energia de 1.519W.
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Islam, J. (Johirul). "Container-based microservice architecture for local IoT services." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201906072492.

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Abstract. Edge services are needed to save networking and computational resources on higher tiers, enable operation during network problems, and to help limiting private data propagation to higher tiers if the function needing it can be handled locally. MEC at access network level provides most of these features but cannot help when access network is down. Local services, in addition, help alleviating the MEC load and limit the data propagation even more, on local level. This thesis focuses on the local IoT service provisioning. Local service provisioning is subject to several requirements, related to resource/energy-efficiency, performance and reliability. This thesis introduces a novel way to design and implement a Docker container-based micro-service system for gadget-free future IoT (Internet of Things) network. It introduces a use case scenario and proposes few possible required micro-services as of solution to the scenario. Some of these services deployed on different virtual platforms along with software components that can process sensor data providing storage capacity to make decisions based on their algorithm and business logic while few other services deployed with gateway components to connect rest of the devices to the system of solution. It also includes a state-of-the-art study for design, implementation, and evaluation as a Proof-of-Concept (PoC) based on container-based microservices with Docker. The used IoT devices are Raspberry Pi embedded computers along with an Ubuntu machine with a rich set of features and interfaces, capable of running virtualized services. This thesis evaluates the solution based on practical implementation. In addition, the thesis also discusses the benefits and drawbacks of the system with respect to the empirical solution. The output of the thesis shows that the virtualized microservices could be efficiently utilized at the local and resource constrained IoT using Dockers. This validates that the approach taken in this thesis is feasible for providing such services and functionalities to the micro
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Montanari, Luca. "A Network Function Virtualization Architecture for Distributed IoT Gateways." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13345/.

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La virtualizzazione permette a diverse applicazioni di condividere lo stesso dispositivo IoT. Tuttavia, in ambienti eterogenei, reti di dispositivi IoT virtualizzati fanno emergere nuove sfide, come la necessità di fornire on-the-fly e in maniera dinamica, elastica e scalabile, gateway. NFV è un paradigma progettato per affrontare queste nuove sfide. Esso sfrutta tecnologie di virtualizzazione standard per consolidare specifici elementi di rete su generico hardware commerciale. Questa tesi presenta un'architettura NFV per gateway IoT distribuiti, nella quale istanze software dei moduli dei gateway sono ospitate su un'infrastruttura NFV distribuita, la quale è operata e gestita da un IoT gateway Provider. Considereremo diversi IoT Provider, ciascuno con le proprie marche, o loro combinazioni, di sensori e attuatori/robot. Ipotizzeremo che gli ambienti dei provider siano geograficamente distribuiti, per un'efficiente copertura di regioni estese. I sensori e gli attuatori possono essere utilizzati da una varietà di applicazioni, ciascuna delle quali può avere diversi requisiti per interfacce e QoS (latenza, throughput, consumi, ecc...). L'infrastruttura NFV consente di effettuare un deployment elastico, dinamico e scalabile dei moduli gateway in questo ambiente eterogeneo e distribuito. Inoltre, l'architettura proposta è in grado di riutilizzare moduli il cui deployment è stato precedentemente compiuto. Ciò è ottenuto attraverso Service Function Chaining e un'orchestrazione dinamica a runtime. Infine, presenteremo un prototipo basato sulla piattaforma OpenStack.
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Sgarbi, Andrea. "Machine Cloud Connectivity: a robust communication architecture for Industrial IoT." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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Industry 4.0 springs from the fourth industrial revolution, which is bringing innovation to fully automated and interconnected industrial production. This movement is composed of macro areas to expand the technological horizon starting from the tools used to date. The use of data, computing power and connectivity are the fundamental concepts on which the study of this thesis is based and are declined in big data, open data, Internet of Things (IoT), machine-to-machine and cloud computing for the centralization of information and its storage. Once the data has been collected, it is necessary to derive value from it in order to obtain advantages from ”machine learning”, i.e. machines that improve their performance by ”learning” from the data collected and analyzed. The advent of the Internet of Things can be seen in all respects as the greatest technological revolution of recent years, which will bring a huge amount of information into the hands of users. The latter can offer countless advantages in daily life and in the diagnostics of the production process. Industrial IoT (IIoT) enables manufacturing organizations to create a communication path through the automation pyramid, obtaining a real data stream in order to improve the machine performances. From an information security point of view, the importance of the information transmitted should not be underestimated and this also concerns an important aspect of industry 4.0. Protocols and authentication systems are constantly updated to ensure the privacy and security the customer needs. Through this thesis project, the implementation requirements will be dealt with in order to study and analyze different vendor technologies and to construct a cloud architecture. The focus is concentrated on the cybersecurity and on the information losses avoidance in order to get a robust transfer.
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Coimbra, Rafael Melo. "Framework based on lambda architecture applied to IoT: case scenario." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21739.

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Mestrado em Sistemas de Informação
Desde o início da primeira década do presente milénio, tem-se testemunhado um aumento exponencial da quantidade de dados produzidos de dia para dia. Numa primeira instância, o aumento foi atribuído aos dados gerados pelos dispositivos GPS; numa segunda fase, à rápida expansão das redes sociais, agora não devido a um fator específico, mas devido ao surgimento de um novo conceito denominado de Internet das Coisas. Este novo conceito, com resultados já mensuráveis, nasceu da premissa de facilitar o dia-a-dia das pessoas fazendo com que os dispositivos eletrónicos comunicassem entre si com o objetivo de sugerir e assistir a pequenas decisões dado os comportamentos observados no passado. Com o objetivo de manter o conceito possível e o estender para além das já existentes aplicações, os dados gerados pelos dispositivos necessitam não apenas de serem armazenados, mas igualmente processados. Adicionando ao volume de dados a sua variedade e velocidade de produção, estes são igualmente fatores que quando não ultrapassados da maneira correta podem apresentar diversas dificuldades, ao ponto de inviabilizarem a criação de novas aplicações baseadas neste novo conceito. Os mecanismos e tecnologias existentes não acompanharam a evolução das novas necessidades, e para que o conceito possa evoluir, novas soluções são obrigatórias. A liderar a lista das novas tecnologias preparadas para este novo tipo de desafios, composto por um sistema de ficheiros distribuído e uma plataforma de processamento distribuída, está o Hadoop. O Hadoop é uma referência para a resolução desta nova gama de problemas, e já comprovou ser capaz de processar enormes quantidades de dados de maneira económica. No entanto, dadas as suas características, tem alguma dificuldade em processar menores quantidades de dados e tem como desvantagem a grande latência necessária para a iniciação do processamento de dados. Num mercado volátil, ser capaz de processar grandes quantidades de dados baseadas em dados passados não é o suficiente. Tecnologias capazes de processar dados em tempo real são igualmente necessárias para complementar as necessidades de processamento de dados anteriores. No panorama atual, as tecnologias existentes não se demonstram à prova de tão distintas necessidades e, quando postas à prova, diferentes produtos tecnológicos necessitam ser combinados. Resultado de um ambiente com as características descritas é o ambiente que servirá de contexto para a execução do trabalho que se segue. Tendo com base as necessidades impostas por um caso de uso pertencente a IoT, através da arquitetura Lambda, diferentes tecnologias serão combinadas com o objetivo de que no final todos os requisitos impostos possam ser ultrapassados. No final, a solução apresentada será avaliada sobre um ambiente real como forma de prova de conceito.
Since the beginning of the first decade of current millennium, it has been witnessed an exponential grow of data being produced every day. First, the increase was given to the amount of data generated by GPS devices, then, the quickly arise of social networks, and now because a new trend as emerged named Internet of Things. This new concept, which is already a reality, was born from the premise of facilitating people's lives by having small electronic devices communicating with each other with the goal to suggest small daily decisions based on the behaviours experienced in the past. With the goal to keep this concept alive and extended further to other applications, the data produced by the target electronic devices is however need to be process and storage. The data volume, velocity and variety are the main variables which when not over planned on the correct way, a wall is created at the point of enviabilize the leverage of the true potential of this new group of applications. Traditional mechanisms and technologies did not follow the actual needs and with the goal to keep the concept alive the address of new technologies are now mandatory. On top of the line, leading the resolution of this new set of challenges, composed by a distributed file system and a parallel processing Framework is Hadoop. Hadoop have proven to fit under the new imposed challenges being capable of process and storage high volumes of data on a cost-effective batch-oriented way. However, given its characteristics on other hand it presents some drawbacks when faced with small amounts of data. In order to gain leverage on market, the companies need not only to be capable of process the data, but process it in a profitable way. Real time processing technologies are needed to complement batch oriented technologies. There is no one size fits all system and with the goal to address the multiples requirements, different technologies are required to be combined. Result of the demanding requirements imposed by the IoT concepts, is the environment which on will be relied the address of the business use case under analyses. Based on the needs imposed by a use case belonging to IoT, through the Lambda architecture, different technologies will be combined with the goal that in the end all the imposed requirements can be accomplished and exceeded. In the end, the solution presented will be evaluated on a real environment as proof of concept.
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Rajakaruna, A. (Archana). "Lightweight edge-based networking architecture for low-power IoT devices." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201906072483.

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Abstract. The involvement of low power Internet of Things (IoT) devices in the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) allow enhanced autonomous monitoring capability in many application areas. Recently, the principles of edge computing paradigm have been used to cater onsite processing and managing actions in WSNs. However, WSNs deployed in remote sites require human involvement in data collection process since internet accessibility is still limited to population dense areas. Nowadays, researchers propose UAVs for monitoring applications where human involvement is required frequently. In this thesis work, we introduce an edge-based architecture which create end-to-end secure communication between IoT sensors in a remote WSN and central cloud via UAV, which assist the data collection, processing and managing procedures of the remote WSN. Since power is a limited resource, we propose Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) as the communication media between UAV and sensors in the WSN, where BLE is considered as an ultra-low power radio access technology. To examine the performance of the system model, we have presented a simulation analysis considering three sensor nodes array types that can realize in the practical environment. The impact of BLE data rate, impact of speed of the UAV, impact of distance between adjacent sensors and impact of data generation rate of the sensor node have been analysed to examine the performance of system. Moreover, to observe the practical functionality of the proposed architecture, prototype implementation is presented using commercially available off-the-shelf devices. The prototype of the system is implemented assuming ideal environment.
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Deserranno, Allen Ronald. "Enhancing the Internet of Things Architecture with Flow Semantics." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7016.

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Internet of Things (‘IoT’) systems are complex, asynchronous solutions often comprised of various software and hardware components developed in isolation of each other. These components function with different degrees of reliability and performance over an inherently unreliable network, the Internet. Many IoT systems are developed within silos that do not provide the ability to communicate or be interoperable with other systems and platforms. Literature exists on how these systems should be designed, how they should interoperate, and how they could be improved, but practice does not always consult literature. The work brings together a proposed reference architecture for the IoT and engineering practices for flow semantics found in existing literature with a commercial implementation of an IoT platform. It demonstrates that the proposed IoT reference architecture and flow-service-quality engineering practices when integrated together can produce a more robust system with increased functionality and interoperability. It shows how such practices can be implemented into a commercial solution, and explores the value provided to the system when implemented. This work contributes to the current understanding of how complex IoT systems can be developed to be more reliable and interoperable using reference architectures and flow semantics. The work highlights the value of integration of academic solutions with commercial implementations of complex systems.
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Aravind, Meera. "Event-Based Messaging Architecture for Vehicular Internet of Things (IoT) Platforms." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35905.

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Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized transportation systems by connecting vehicles consequently enabling their tracking, as well as monitoring of driver activities. The IoT platform for most vehicles typically consists of 1) an on-board system consisting of the communication unit, sensors and a set of ECU’s that are interconnected using a CAN network, 2) an off-board system consisting of the applications deployed on the servers (e.g., cloud) that processes the data send by the communication unit over the internet, and 3) mobile devices like a mobile phone or a computer that communicates with the on-board and off-board systems. Such an IoT platform requires a significant amount of data to be send from the on-board system to the off-board servers, contributing to high network usage. There are two main architectural paradigms for sending data: 1) interval based architecture, in which data is send at regular intervals and 2) event based architecture, in which data is send whenever relevant events occur. Currently, (e.g., at Scania), the data is being send at regular intervals, i.e., using an interval based approach. In this case, data is send even if it is not relevant for reporting leading to a wastage of network resources, e.g., when the data does not change considerably compared to the previously sent value. Sending data in an event-based manner, when the data is relevant for reporting, e.g., changes significantly, reduces the network usage when compared to the interval based approach.  In this thesis, we investigate the possibility of using an event based architecture to send data from the on-board system to the off-board system in order to reduce network usage and improve the accuracy of the data available off-board. We first propose an event based architecture for data transfer in the context of Internet of vehicles. We then implement a simulator to evaluate our proposed architecture for the specific case of position data. Finally, we perform extensive experiments varying different parameters and compare, for example, average message size per minute and average off-board error distance. The results show that our event based architecture improves the accuracy of data available at the off-board system, by a careful selection of events. Moreover, we found that our event based architecture significantly decreases the frequency of sending messages, particularly during highway driving, leading to reduced average data transfer rates. Our results enable a customer to perform trade-offs between accuracy and data transfer rates. Future work will aim at implementing the event based architecture on a real platform as well as investigating the possibility of using the event based architecture for more accurate prediction by incorporating additional details such as the final destination of the vehicle and odometer values.
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Pincheira, Caro Miguel Rodrigo. "A trustless architecture for blockchain-based IoT applications using constrained devices." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/304533.

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Despite the increasing interest in blockchain as a possible solution to replace centralized IoT architectures, previous work failed to provide a direct role for the sensing devices, i.e., direct interaction with the blockchain without additional components. Moreover, few studies focus on permissionless blockchains, even if it is the most secure platform for developing blockchain-based applications. This thesis presents an architecture that considers constrained sensing devices as direct actors on a public blockchain network. A public blockchain network allows the seamless inclusion of several unknown actors, and smart contracts provide a platform to develop complex IoT applications. The research followed an iterative DSR approach; designing, building, and evaluating new IT artifacts using two case studies in the agricultural IoT domain. These cases fostered two exploratory studies that diverged from the main IoT domain; however, they also provide novel contributions to blockchain-based applications. Thus, the novel architecture tackles three problems of current blockchain-based IoT systems i) constrained sensing devices as direct actors on a blockchain system, ii) permissionless blockchain networks and iii) smart contracts as an IoT application platform. Furthermore, the exploratory analyses examine two challenges of blockchain-based applications i) user experience and monetary costs and ii) data sharing and decentralized storage.
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Numair, M., D.-EA Mansour, and Geev Mokryani. "A Proposed IoT Architecture for Effective Energy Management in Smart Microgrids." IEEE, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18491.

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The current electricity grid suffers from numerous challenges due to the lack of an effective energy management strategy that is able to match the generated power to the load demand. This problem becomes more pronounced with microgrids, where the variability of the load is obvious and the generation is mostly coming from renewables, as it depends on the usage of distributed energy sources. Building a smart microgrid would be much more economically feasible than converting the large electricity grid into a smart grid, as it would require huge investments in replacing legacy equipment with smart equipment. In this paper, application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in different parts of the microgrid is carried out to achieve an effective IoT architecture in addition to proposing the Internet-of-Asset (IoA) concept that will be able to convert any legacy asset into a smart IoT-ready one. This will allow the effective connection of all assets to a cloud-based IoT. The role of which is to perform computations and big data analysis on the collected data from across the smart microgrid to send effective energy management and control commands to different controllers. Then the IoT cloud will send control actions to solve microgrid's technical issues such as solving energy mismatch problem by setting prediction models, increasing power quality by the effective commitment of DERs and eliminating load shedding by turning off only unnecessary loads so consumers won't suffer from power outages. The benefits of using IoT on various parts within the microgrid are also addressed.
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Books on the topic "IoT Architecture"

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Hirakawa, Hitoshi, Nobuhiro Takahashi, Ferdinand C. Maquito, and Norio Tokumaru, eds. Innovative ICT Industrial Architecture in East Asia. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55630-5.

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Gupta, Maanak, Smriti Bhatt, Asma Hassan Alshehri, and Ravi Sandhu. Access Control Models and Architectures For IoT and Cyber Physical Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81089-4.

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Vijay, Bollapragada, and Murphy Curtis, eds. Inside Cisco IOS Software Architecture. Indianapolis: Cisco Press, 2008.

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Eccheli, Maria Grazia, and Claudia Cavallo, eds. Il progetto nei borghi abbandonati. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-554-7.

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In these harsh lands inhabited by the silence of humble fragments, architectural design ties both history and life together, revealing the essential features of the place. The book proposes a journey within abandonment between Architecture and ruins: it reinterprets the pioneering research of Aldo Rossi; it explores, together with Gianandrea Gazzola, the labyrinths of meaning between Art and ruin; it investigates the projects of Colletta di Castelbianco by Giancarlo De Carlo and the houses in the Canton of Ticino by Buchner Bründler; and finally, it traces an itinerary of contamination between anonymous architecture and architectural languages in the Mediterranean. It is within these horizons that the Design and Research Laboratory of the Florence School of Architecture reveals the deep soul and redesigns a new life for the abandoned villages of Castiglioncello di Firenzuola (FI) and Campo di Brenzone (VR).
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Sal'kov, Nikolay. Descriptive geometry: tasks for term papers. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1200606.

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The tutorial includes tasks in all sections of the descriptive geometry course for completing coursework. It is intended for students studying in the areas of "architecture" and "design of the architectural environment". It can be useful for students of other areas of higher education.
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Oselko, Ninel'. Introduction to the profession of "architect". ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1247118.

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In the textbook, the author shows the future specialist what opportunities knowledge and skills give for practical activity, how wide is the field of architecture, where each student can find what he will eventually do. It provides theoretical training and is designed to broaden the horizons of a young architect, to show the necessary tools for self-improvement in the profession. For students, postgraduates and teachers of architectural and construction universities, as well as anyone interested in architecture and construction.
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Wang, James. Challenging ICT applications in architecture, engineering, and industrial design education. Hershey, PA: Engineering Science Reference, 2012.

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Stavroulakis, Peter. Third Generation Mobile Telecommunication Systems: UMTS and IMT - 2000. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001.

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Correia, Mariana, Letizia Dipasquale, and Saverio Mecca, eds. VERSUS: Heritage for Tomorrow. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-742-5.

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Vernacular architecture represents a great resource that has considerable potential to define principles for sustainable design and contemporary architecture. This publication is the result of an overall aim to produce a valuable tool for analysis regarding vernacular heritage through different assessments, in order to define principles to consider for sustainable development. This was possible through a comprehensive reflection on the principles established and the strategies to recognise in different world contexts. The present publication was the result of an in-depth approach by 46 authors from 12 countries, concerned with the analysis and critical assessment of vernacular heritage and its sustainable perspective. The book presents 8 chapters addressing operational definitions and synopses advances, regarding the main areas of vernacular heritage contribution to sustainable architecture. It also presents 15 chapters and 53 case studies of vernacular and contemporary approaches in all the 5 continents, regarding urban, architectural, technical and constructive strategies and solutions. VERSUS, HERITAGE FOR TOMORROW: Vernacular Knowledge for Sustainable Architecture is the result of a common effort undertaken by the partners ESG | Escola Superior Gallaecia, Portugal, as Project leader; CRAterre | École Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Grenoble, France; DIDA | Università degli Studi di Firenze, Italy; DICAAR | Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Italy; and UPV | Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain. This is the final outcome of VerSus, an European project developed from 2012 to 2014, in the framework of the Culture 2007-2013 programme.
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Cognitive Sensors and IoT: Architecture, Deployment, and Data Delivery. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "IoT Architecture"

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Nath, Shyam Varan. "IoT ARCHITECTURE." In Internet of Things and Data Analytics Handbook, 239–49. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119173601.ch14.

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Jabraeil Jamali, Mohammad Ali, Bahareh Bahrami, Arash Heidari, Parisa Allahverdizadeh, and Farhad Norouzi. "IoT Architecture." In Towards the Internet of Things, 9–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18468-1_2.

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Chaudhuri, Abhik. "IoT Architecture." In Internet of Things, for Things, and by Things, 17–41. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2019. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: Auerbach Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315200644-2.

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Kalaga, Gunneswara Rao VSSS. "IoT Architecture." In Design of Internet of Things, 33–41. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003303206-7.

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Muccini, Henry, and Mahyar Tourchi Moghaddam. "IoT Architectural Styles." In Software Architecture, 68–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00761-4_5.

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Bauer, Martin, Mathieu Boussard, Nicola Bui, Jourik De Loof, Carsten Magerkurth, Stefan Meissner, Andreas Nettsträter, Julinda Stefa, Matthias Thoma, and Joachim W. Walewski. "IoT Reference Architecture." In Enabling Things to Talk, 163–211. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40403-0_8.

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Wu, Chuan-Kun. "IoT Security Architecture." In Internet of Things Security, 27–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1372-2_3.

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Familiar, Bob. "Microservice Architecture." In Microservices, IoT, and Azure, 21–31. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-1275-2_3.

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Delsing, Jerker, Pal Varga, Luis Ferreira, Michele Albano, Pablo Puñal Pereira, Jens Eliasson, Oscar Carlsson, and Hasan Derhamy. "3 The Arrowhead Framework architecture." In IoT Automation, 43–88. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315367897-4.

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Stackowiak, Robert. "Modern IoT Architecture Patterns." In Azure Internet of Things Revealed, 1–27. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5470-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "IoT Architecture"

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Saade, Sergio Daniel, Maria de los Angeles Gomez Lopez, Luis Eduardo Nieto Penalver, Esteban Daniel Volentini, Carlos Albaca Paravan, Federico Herman Lutz, and Javier Ignacio Bilbao. "IoT Architecture Prototype." In 2018 IEEE Biennial Congress of Argentina (ARGENCON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/argencon.2018.8645983.

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Lomotey, Richard K., Joseph Pry, Sumanth Sriramoju, Emmanuel Kaku, and Ralph Deters. "Wearable IoT Data Architecture." In 2017 IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/services.2017.17.

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Boyanov, Luben, Valentin Kisimov, and Yavor Christov. "Evaluating IoT Reference Architecture." In 2020 International Conference Automatics and Informatics (ICAI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icai50593.2020.9311357.

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Kovacs, Laszlo, and Edit Csizmas. "Lightweight ontology in IoT architecture." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Future IoT Technologies (Future IoT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fiot.2018.8325591.

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Datta, Soumya Kanti, and Christian Bonnet. "Extending DataTweet IoT Architecture for Virtual IoT Devices." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ithings-greencom-cpscom-smartdata.2017.108.

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Sicari, Sabrina, Alessandra Rizzardi, Luigi Alfredo Grieco, and Alberto Coen-Porisini. "A secure ICN-IoT architecture." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2017.7962667.

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Zhang, Jian, Huanran Jin, Liangyi Gong, Jing Cao, and Zhaojun Gu. "Overview of IoT Security Architecture." In 2019 IEEE Fourth International Conference on Data Science in Cyberspace (DSC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dsc.2019.00058.

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Pudlewski, Scott, and Katherine Landers. "DIMA: Distributed IoT Modeling Architecture." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccworkshops50388.2021.9473662.

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Kak, Emmanuel, Rita Orji, Joseph Pry, Kenneth Sofranko, Richard Lomotey, and Ralph Deters. "Privacy Improvement Architecture for IoT." In 2018 IEEE International Congress on Internet of Things (ICIOT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciot.2018.00028.

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Zhong, Tao, Kshitij A. Doshi, Zhongyan Lu, and Gang Deng. "Capability Adaptive Elastic IoT Architecture." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Smart City/SocialCom/SustainCom (SmartCity). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smartcity.2015.138.

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Reports on the topic "IoT Architecture"

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Berkbigler, K. P., B. W. Bush, and J. F. Davis. TRANSIMS software architecture for IOC-1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/572673.

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Burns-Dans, Elizabeth, Alexandra Wallis, and Deborah Gare. A History of the Architects Board of Western Australia, 1921-2021. The Architects Board of Western Australia and The University of Notre Dame Australia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32613/reports/2021.1.

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An economic and population boom in the 1890s created opportunities for architects to find work and fame in Western Australia. Architecture, therefore, became a viable profession for the first time, and the number of practicing architects in the colony (and then state) quickly grew. Associations such as the Western Australian Institute of Architects were established to organise the profession, but as the number of architects grew and Western Australian society matured, it became evident that a role for government was required to ensure practice standards and consumer protection. In 1921, therefore, the Architects Act was passed, and, in the following year, the Architects Board of Western Australia was launched. This report traces the evolution and transformation of professional architectural practice since then, and evaluates the role and impact of the Board in its first century.
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Hay, Benjamin P., David M. Roundhill, Robert Treat Paine, Jr, Kenneth N. Raymond, Robin D. Rogers, James E. Hutchison, David A. Dixon, Gregg J. Lumetta, and Brian M. Rapko. Architectural Design Criteria for F-Block Metal Ion Sequestering Agents. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/827036.

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Michelson, Brenda. Designing a Fluid Enterprise Using an Adaptive, Customer-Centric IT Architecture. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/bda12-9-04cc.

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Tayeb, Shahab. Taming the Data in the Internet of Vehicles. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2014.

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As an emerging field, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has a myriad of security vulnerabilities that must be addressed to protect system integrity. To stay ahead of novel attacks, cybersecurity professionals are developing new software and systems using machine learning techniques. Neural network architectures improve such systems, including Intrusion Detection System (IDSs), by implementing anomaly detection, which differentiates benign data packets from malicious ones. For an IDS to best predict anomalies, the model is trained on data that is typically pre-processed through normalization and feature selection/reduction. These pre-processing techniques play an important role in training a neural network to optimize its performance. This research studies the impact of applying normalization techniques as a pre-processing step to learning, as used by the IDSs. The impacts of pre-processing techniques play an important role in training neural networks to optimize its performance. This report proposes a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model with two hidden layers for IDS architecture and compares two commonly used normalization pre-processing techniques. Our findings are evaluated using accuracy, Area Under Curve (AUC), Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC), F-1 Score, and loss. The experimentations demonstrate that Z-Score outperforms no-normalization and the use of Min-Max normalization.
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Seybold, Patricia. Why IT Architecture Is Important in the Selection of a CRM Solution. Boston, MA: Patricia Seybold Group, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1571/psgp8-29-02cc.

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Hay, Benjamin P., David A. Dixon, Gregg J. Lumetta, Brian M. Rapko, David M. Roundhill, R. D. Rogers, James E. Hutchison, R. T. Paine, and Kenneth N. Raymond. Architectural Design Criteria for f- Block Metal Ion Sequestering Agents--Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15001497.

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BP Hay, DA Dixon, GJ Lumetta, BM Rapko, DM Roundhill, RD Rogers, JE Hutchison, RT Paine, and KN Raymond. Architectural Design Criteria for f-Block Metal Ion Sequestering Agents Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/756591.

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Rush, Benjamin. A Novel Electrode Architecture Enabling Low-Cost, High-Energy Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries- Final Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1469643.

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Seidametova, Zarema S., Zinnur S. Abduramanov, and Girey S. Seydametov. Using augmented reality for architecture artifacts visualizations. [б. в.], July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4626.

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Nowadays one of the most popular trends in software development is Augmented Reality (AR). AR applications offer an interactive user experience and engagement through a real-world environment. AR application areas include archaeology, architecture, business, entertainment, medicine, education and etc. In the paper we compared the main SDKs for the development of a marker-based AR apps and 3D modeling freeware computer programs used for developing 3D-objects. We presented a concept, design and development of AR application “Art-Heritage’’ with historical monuments and buildings of Crimean Tatars architecture (XIII-XX centuries). It uses a smartphone or tablet to alter the existing picture, via an app. Using “Art-Heritage’’ users stand in front of an area where the monuments used to be and hold up mobile device in order to see an altered version of reality.
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