Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ionospheric waves

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Ionospheric waves'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ionospheric waves"

1

Liu, Moran, Chen Zhou, Xiang Wang, Bin Bin Ni, and Zhengyu Zhao. "Numerical simulation of oblique ionospheric heating by powerful radio waves." Annales Geophysicae 36, no. 3 (June 13, 2018): 855–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-855-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In this paper, we investigate the ionospheric heating by oblique incidence of powerful high-frequency (HF) radio waves using three-dimensional numerical simulations. The ionospheric electron density and temperature perturbations are examined by incorporating the ionospheric electron transport equations and ray-tracing algorithm. The energy distribution of oblique incidence heating waves in the ionosphere is calculated by the three-dimensional ray-tracing algorithm. The calculation takes into consideration the electric field of heating waves in the caustic region by the plane wave spectral integral method. The simulation results show that the ionospheric electron density and temperature can be disturbed by oblique incidence of powerful radio waves, especially in the caustic region of heating waves. The oblique ionospheric heating with wave incidence parallel and perpendicular to the geomagnetic field in the mid-latitude ionosphere is explored by simulations, results of which indicate that the ionospheric modulation is more effective when the heating wave propagates along the magnetic field line. Ionospheric density and temperature striations in the caustic region due to thermal self-focusing instability are demonstrated, as well as the time evolution of the corresponding fluctuation spectra.</p>
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Aburjania, G. D., K. Z. Chargazia, G. V. Jandieri, A. G. Khantadze, and O. A. Kharshiladze. "On the new modes of planetary-scale electromagnetic waves in the ionosphere." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 4 (April 2, 2004): 1203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-1203-2004.

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Abstract. Using an analogy method the frequencies of new modes of the electromagnetic planetary-scale waves (with a wavelength of 103 km or more), having a weather forming nature, are found at different ionospheric altitudes. This method gives the possibility to determine spectra of ionospheric electromagnetic perturbations directly from the dynamic equations without solving the general dispersion equation. It is shown that the permanently acting factor-latitude variation of the geomagnetic field generates fast and slow weakly damping planetary electromagnetic waves in both the E- and F-layers of the ionosphere. The waves propagate eastward and westward along the parallels. The fast waves have phase velocities (1–5)km s–1 and frequencies (10–1–10–4), and the slow waves propagate with velocities of the local winds with frequencies (10–4–10–6)s–1 and are generated in the E-region of the ionosphere. Fast waves having phase velocities (10-1500)km s–1 and frequencies (1–10–3)s–1 are generated in the F-region of the ionosphere. The waves generate the geomagnetic pulsations of the order of one hundred nanoTesla by magnitude. The properties and parameters of the theoretically studied electromagnetic waves agree with those of large-scale ultra-low frequency perturbations observed experimentally in the ionosphere. Key words. Ionosphere (ionospheric disturbances; waves propagation; ionosphere atmosphere interactions)
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Onohara, A. N., I. S. Batista, and H. Takahashi. "The ultra-fast Kelvin waves in the equatorial ionosphere: observations and modeling." Annales Geophysicae 31, no. 2 (February 7, 2013): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-209-2013.

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Abstract. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the vertical coupling between the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region and the ionosphere through ultra-fast Kelvin (UFK) waves in the equatorial atmosphere. The effect of UFK waves on the ionospheric parameters was estimated using an ionospheric model which calculates electrostatic potential in the E-region and solves coupled electrodynamics of the equatorial ionosphere in the E- and F-regions. The UFK wave was observed in the South American equatorial region during February–March 2005. The MLT wind data obtained by meteor radar at São João do Cariri (7.5° S, 37.5° W) and ionospheric F-layer bottom height (h'F) observed by ionosonde at Fortaleza (3.9° S; 38.4° W) were used in order to calculate the wave characteristics and amplitude of oscillation. The simulation results showed that the combined electrodynamical effect of tides and UFK waves in the MLT region could explain the oscillations observed in the ionospheric parameters.
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Husin, Asnawi, and Buldan Muslim. "EFEK GELOMBANG TSUNAMI ACEH 2004 PADA GANGGUAN IONOSFER BERGERAK SKALA MENENGAH DARI PENGAMATAN JARINGAN GPS SUMATRA." Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia 16, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jkfi.16.2.130-137.

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Medium Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbance (MSTID), thought to be manifestation of atmospheric gravity wave (AGW) in the ionospheric altitude that propagates horizontally and effects on in the electron density structure of ionosphere. These atmospheric gravity waves sourced from lower atmospheric activities such as typhoons, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis. Wave energy by its coupling induction process can travel to the ionosphere region. It has been understood that the TID's wave structure have an impact on the propagation of radio waves in the ionosphere so that it will affect the performance of navigation satellite-based positioning measurements. Based on Aceh tsunami in December 2004, this study aimed to investigation of the induction of atmospheric gravity waves in the ionosphere using total electron content (TEC) data from the Sumatra GPS network (Sumatra GPS Array, SUGAR). The detection technique of TEC changes due to AGW induction with a filter to separate medium scale disturbance at the ionospheric pierce point at an altitude of 350 km (IPP, Ionospheric Pierce Point). The results show the horizontal wavelength of a medium-scale TID around 180 ± 12 Km with a velocities of around 376 ± 9 ms-1. Based on two-dimensional map, the TID moves to the southeast.
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Rothkaehl, H., A. Krakowski, I. Stanislawska, J. Błęcki, M. Parrot, J. J. Berthelier, and J. P. Lebreton. "Wave and plasma measurements and GPS diagnostics of the main ionospheric trough as a hybrid method used for Space Weather purposes." Annales Geophysicae 26, no. 2 (February 26, 2008): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-295-2008.

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Abstract. The region of the main ionospheric trough is a unique region of the ionosphere, where different types of waves and instabilities can be generated. This region of the ionosphere acts like a lens, focusing a variety of indicators from the equator of plasmapause and local ionospheric plasma. This paper reports the results of monitoring the mid-latitude trough structure, dynamics and wave activity. For these purposes, the data gathered by the currently-operating DEMETER satellite and past diagnostics located on IK-19, Apex, and MAGION-3 spacecraft, as well as TEC measurements were used. A global-time varying picture of the ionospheric trough was reconstructed using the sequence of wave spectra registered and plasma measurements in the top-side ionosphere. The authors present the wave activity from ULF frequency band to the HF frequency detected inside the trough region and discuss its properties during geomagnetic disturbances. It is thought that broadband emissions are correlated with low frequency radiation, which is excited by the wave-particle interaction in the equatorial plasmapause and moves to the ionosphere along the geomagnetic field line. In the ionosphere, the suprathermal electrons can interact with these electrostatic waves and excite electron acoustic waves or HF longitudinal plasma waves. Furthermore, the electron density trough can provide useful data on the magnetosphere ionosphere dynamics and morphology and, in consequence, can be used for Space Weather purposes.
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He, L. M., L. X. Wu, S. J. Liu, and S. N. Liu. "Superimposed disturbance in the ionosphere triggered by spacecraft launches in China." Annales Geophysicae 33, no. 11 (November 9, 2015): 1361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-1361-2015.

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Abstract. Using GPS dual-frequency observations collected by continuously operating GPS tracking stations in China, superimposed disturbances caused by the integrated action of spacecraft's physical effect and chemical effect on ionosphere during the launches of the spacecrafts Tiangong-1 and Shenzhou-8 in China were firstly determined. The results show that the superimposed disturbance was composed of remarkable ionospheric waves and significant ionospheric depletion emerged after both launches. Meanwhile, we found for the first time that the ionospheric waves were made up of two periods of wave by wavelet analysis. The first period of ∼ 4 min shows one event in the near stations and two sub-events in the few far stations. The second period of ∼ 9 min shows only one event in all the observed stations. Finally, the time characteristics for ionospheric waves and depletions were examined.
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Zhang, X., and L. Tang. "Traveling ionospheric disturbances triggered by the 2009 North Korean underground nuclear explosion." Annales Geophysicae 33, no. 1 (January 30, 2015): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-137-2015.

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Abstract. Underground nuclear explosions (UNEs) can induce acoustic-gravity waves, which disturb the ionosphere and initiate traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). In this paper, we employ a multi-step and multi-order numerical difference method with dual-frequency GPS data to detect ionospheric disturbances triggered by the North Korean UNE on 25 May 2009. Several International GNSS Service (IGS) stations with different distances (400 to 1200 km) from the epicenter were chosen for the experiment. The results show that there are two types of disturbances in the ionospheric disturbance series: high-frequency TIDs with periods of approximately 1 to 2 min and low-frequency waves with period spectrums of 2 to 5 min. The observed TIDs are situated around the epicenter of the UNE, and show similar features, indicating the origin of the observed disturbances is the UNE event. According to the amplitudes, periods and average propagation velocities, the high-frequency and low-frequency TIDs can be attributed to the acoustic waves in the lower ionosphere and higher ionosphere, respectively.
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Pavelyev, A. G., K. Zhang, J. Wickert, T. Schmidt, Y. A. Liou, V. N. Gubenko, A. A. Pavelyev, R. R. Salimzjanov, and Y. Kuleshov. "Identification and localization of layers in the ionosphere using the eikonal and amplitude of radio occultation signals." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2011): 1465–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-4-1465-2011.

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Abstract. Conditions for communication, navigation, and remote sensing in the ionosphere and atmosphere depend strongly on the ionospheric impact on the radio waves propagation. By use of the CHAllenge Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) radio occultation (RO) data a description of different types of the ionospheric contributions to the RO signals at the altitudes 30–90 km of the RO ray perigee is introduced and compared with results of measurements obtained earlier in the communication link satellite-to-Earth at frequency 1.5415 GHz. An analytical model is introduced for description of the radio waves propagation in a stratified medium consisting of sectors having the spherically symmetric distributions of refractivity. Model presents analytical expressions for the phase path and refractive attenuation of radio waves. Model is applied for analysis of the radio waves propagation effects along a prolonged path including the atmosphere and two parts of the ionosphere. Model explains significant amplitude and phase variations at the altitudes 30–90 km of the RO ray perigee as connected with influence of the inclined ionospheric layers. An innovative eikonal acceleration technique is described and applied for the identification of the inclined ionospheric layers contributions and their location. Possibility to separate the influence of layered structures from contributions of irregularities and turbulence is analyzed.
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Pokhotelov, D., W. Lotko, and A. V. Streltsov. "Simulations of resonant Alfvén waves generated by artificial HF heating of the auroral ionosphere." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 8 (September 7, 2004): 2943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-2943-2004.

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Abstract. Numerical two-dimensional two-fluid MHD simulations of dynamic magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) coupling have been performed to model the effects imposed on the auroral ionosphere by a powerful HF radio wave transmitter. The simulations demonstrate that modifications of the ionospheric plasma temperature and recombination due to artificial heating may trigger the ionospheric feedback instability when the coupled MI system is close to the state of marginal stability. The linear dispersion analysis of MI coupling has been performed to find the favorable conditions for marginal stability of the system. The development of the ionospheric feedback instability leads to the generation of shear waves which resonate in the magnetosphere between the heated ionospheric E-region and the strong gradient in the speed at altitudes of 1-2 RE. The application of the numerical results for the explanation of observations performed by low-orbiting satellites above the high-latitude ionosphere heated with a high power ground-based HF transmitter is discussed.
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Rapoport, Yuriy G., Oleg K. Cheremnykh, Volodymyr V. Koshovy, Mykola O. Melnik, Oleh L. Ivantyshyn, Roman T. Nogach, Yuriy A. Selivanov, et al. "Ground-based acoustic parametric generator impact on the atmosphere and ionosphere in an active experiment." Annales Geophysicae 35, no. 1 (January 5, 2017): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-53-2017.

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Abstract. We develop theoretical basics of active experiments with two beams of acoustic waves, radiated by a ground-based sound generator. These beams are transformed into atmospheric acoustic gravity waves (AGWs), which have parameters that enable them to penetrate to the altitudes of the ionospheric E and F regions where they influence the electron concentration of the ionosphere. Acoustic waves are generated by the ground-based parametric sound generator (PSG) at the two close frequencies. The main idea of the experiment is to design the output parameters of the PSG to build a cascade scheme of nonlinear wave frequency downshift transformations to provide the necessary conditions for their vertical propagation and to enable penetration to ionospheric altitudes. The PSG generates sound waves (SWs) with frequencies f1 = 600 and f2 = 625 Hz and large amplitudes (100–420 m s−1). Each of these waves is modulated with the frequency of 0.016 Hz. The novelty of the proposed analytical–numerical model is due to simultaneous accounting for nonlinearity, diffraction, losses, and dispersion and inclusion of the two-stage transformation (1) of the initial acoustic waves to the acoustic wave with the difference frequency Δf = f2 − f1 in the altitude ranges 0–0.1 km, in the strongly nonlinear regime, and (2) of the acoustic wave with the difference frequency to atmospheric acoustic gravity waves with the modulational frequency in the altitude ranges 0.1–20 km, which then reach the altitudes of the ionospheric E and F regions, in a practically linear regime. AGWs, nonlinearly transformed from the sound waves, launched by the two-frequency ground-based sound generator can increase the transparency of the ionosphere for the electromagnetic waves in HF (MHz) and VLF (kHz) ranges. The developed theoretical model can be used for interpreting an active experiment that includes the PSG impact on the atmosphere–ionosphere system, measurements of electromagnetic and acoustic fields, study of the variations in ionospheric transparency for the radio emissions from galactic radio sources, optical measurements, and the impact on atmospheric aerosols. The proposed approach can be useful for better understanding the mechanism of the acoustic channel of seismo-ionospheric coupling.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ionospheric waves"

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Borderick, James David. "Ionospheric signatures of ultra low frequency waves." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/9170.

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Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves have been studied for many years and the observation and modelling of such phenomena reveals important information about the solar-terrestrial interaction. Being ubiquitous in the collisionless terrestrial space plasma environment, ULF waves represent important physical processes in the transfer of energy and momentum. This thesis comprises three distinct studies to observe, model and analyse ULF phenomena. The first two studies focus on ULF wave observations at high-latitudes in the terrestrial ionosphere using a collection of both space- and ground-based instruments. The first study provides a detailed analysis of the time evolution of a ULF wave using the characteristics of the observed ULF wave as input-parameters to a 1-D numerical model. As the wave signature evolves towards a Field Line Resonance (FLR) a change in the incident wave mode from a partially Alfvénic wave to a purely shear Alfvénic wave is observed. The second study presents statistics of 25 large spatial-scale ULF waves with observations from a high-latitude Doppler sounder and ground-based magnetometers, complemented by model results. The third and final study describes the implementation of a well established radar technique ("double-pulse"), which is new for the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN), which aims to provide an unprecedented temporal resolution for ULF wave studies. The new pulse sequence increases the temporal resolution of SuperDARN by a factor of three. Preliminary findings suggest this technique yields impressive results for ionospheric scatter with steady phase values but that the method cannot be used for data when the phase is rapidly changing or if the data originates from slowly decorrelating plasma irregularities. The running of two independent pulse sequences on the stereo channels of the Hankasalmi radar has also enabled, for the first time, the observation of cross-contamination between the radar channels.
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Norton, Andrew David. "Analysis of Ionospheric Data Sets to Identify Periodic Signatures Matching Atmospheric Planetary Waves." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101791.

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Atmospheric planetary waves play a role in introducing variability to the low-latitude ionosphere. To better understand this coupling, this study investigates times when oscillations seen in both atmospheric planetary waves and ionospheric data-sets have similar periodicity. The planetary wave data-set used are temperature observations made by Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER). These highlight periods during which 2-Day westward propagating wave-number 3 waves are evident in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The ionospheric data-set is Total Electron Content (TEC), which is used to identify periods during which the ionosphere appears to respond to the planetary waves. Data from KP and F10.7 indices are used to determine events that may be of external origin. A 17-year time-span from 2002 to 2018 is used for this analysis so that both times of solar minimum and maximum can be studied. To extract the periods of this collection of data a Morlet Wavelet analysis is used, along with thresholding to indicate events when similar periods are seen in each data-set. Trends are then determined, which can lead to verification of previous assumptions and new discoveries.
Master of Science
The thermosphere and ionosphere are impacted by many sources. The sun and the magnetosphere externally impact this system. Planetary waves, which originate in the lower atmosphere, internally impact this system. This interaction leads to periodic signatures in the ionosphere that reflect periodic signatures seen in the lower atmosphere, the sun and the magnetosphere. This study identifies these times of similar oscillations in the neutral atmosphere, the ionosphere, and the sun, in order to characterize these interactions. Events are cataloged through wavelet analysis and thresholding techniques. Using a time-span of 17 years, trends are identified using histograms and percentages. From these trends, the characteristics of this coupling can be concluded. This study is meant to confirm the theory and provide new insights that will hopefully lead to further investigation through modeling. The goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of the role that planetary waves have on the interaction of the atmosphere and the ionosphere.
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Thomas, Edwin Christopher. "Phase and amplitude variations in the wave fields of ionospherically reflected radio waves." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35807.

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The wavefronts of high frequency (HF) radio waves received after reflection from the ionosphere exhibit both spatial non-linearities and temporal variations which limit the performance of large aperture receiving arrays. The objective of this investigation was to measure the phase and amplitude of ionospherically propagated signals in order to relate these parameters to the reflection process. This thesis describes the design and construction of a large aperture multi-element array and its implementation for wavefrot investigations. The hardware and software developed to control the equipment and to record the measurements are described. The procedures required to verify the performance of the experimental system are discussed and results are presented which demonstrate the accuracy of the measurements. The array was utilised for studies of signals received from several transmitters situated throughout Western Europe. The results obtained demonstrate the widely different behaviour of signals received over the various propagation paths and these have been related to the modal content of the received signals. Limited periods existed during which a single ionospheric mode was received and data corresponding to this condition have been compared with those which would be expected if the signal consisted of both a specular component and a cone of diffracted rays. This model is unable to explain the experimental results. Numerical models of the received signal were therefore developed. Results of these and comparisons with experimental results suggest that the measured parameters can be explained by the existence of a specular component with a varying direction of arrival (DOA), plus some contribution from random components. The experimental results indicate that the random or diffracted components normally contribute less than 10% of the received power in a single moded signal.
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Takiguchi, Yu. "Emission of whistler waves from an ionospheric tether." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54621.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-122).
In this thesis, we analyze how electromagnetic waves propagate in ionosphere around the earth which is magnetized plasma. We calculate the electromagnetic wave field made by a dipole antenna at an arbitrary observation point far from the antenna using the Stationary Phase Method. With this wave field, wave energy flux is calculated, and by integrating this wave energy flux on the sphere around the antenna, the radiation resistance of this antenna is computed. We compare the results with some past analytical and experimental works. We also analyze the wave propagation characteristics. The wave propagation ways are different for different wave frequencies. We precisely analyze this different wave propagation ways by analyzing the group velocity and k surface of the wave. There are intense radiation directions. We discuss the nature of these intense radiation directions and compare the characteristics with the past works. There are spatial oscillations of wave fields and wave energy flux. We also discuss the reason of this oscillation and compare with the past works.
by Yu Takiguchi.
S.M.
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Löfås, Henrik. "Ionospheric modification by powerful HF-waves : Underdense F-region heating by X-Mode." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-121898.

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Observations of modifications of the electron temperature in the F-region produced by powerful high-frequency waves transmitted in X-mode are presented. The experiments were performed during quiet nighttime conditions with low ionospheric densities so no reflections occurred. Nevertheless temperature enhancements of the order of 300-400K were obtained. The modifications found can be well described by the theory of Ohmic heating by the pump wave and both temporal and spatial changes are reproduced.  A brief overview of several different experimental campaigns at EISCAT facilities in the period from October 2006 to February 2008 are also given pointing out some interesting features from the different experiments. The main focus is then on the campaign during October 2006 and modifications of the electron temperature in the F-region.
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Frissell, Nathaniel A. "Ionospheric Disturbances: Midlatitude Pi2 Magnetospheric ULF Pulsations and Medium Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74976.

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The ionosphere is an electrically charged atmospheric region which is coupled to the sun, the magnetosphere, and the neutral atmosphere. The ionospheric state can significantly impact technological systems, especially those which utilize radio frequency energy. By studying ionospheric disturbances, it is possible to gain a deeper understanding of not only the ionosphere itself, but also the natural and technological systems it is coupled to. This dissertation research utilizes high frequency (HF) radio remote sensing techniques to study three distinct types of ionospheric disturbances. First, ground magnetometers and a new mid latitude SuperDARN HF radar at Blackstone, Virginia are used to observe magnetospheric Pi2 ultra low frequency (ULF) pulsations in the vicinity of the plasmapause. Prior to these pulsations, two Earthward moving fast plasma flows were detected by spacecraft in the magnetotail. Signatures of inner magnetospheric compression observed by the Blackstone radar provide conclusive evidence that the plasma flow bursts directly generated the ground Pi2 signature via a compressional wave. This mechanism had previously been hypothesized, but never confirmed. Next, ten SuperDARN radars in the North American Sector are used to investigate the sources and characteristics of atmospheric gravity waves (AGW) associated medium scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) at both midlatitudes and high latitudes. Consistent with prior studies, the climatological MSTID population in both latitudinal regions was found to peak in the fall and winter and have a dominant equatorward propagation direction. Prior studies suggested these MSTIDs were caused by mechanisms associated with auroral and space weather activity; however, it is shown here that the AE and Sym-H indices are poorly correlated with MSTID observations. A new, multi-week timescale of MSTID activity is reported. This leads to the finding that MSTID occurrence is highly correlated with an index representative of polar vortex activity, possibly controlled by a filtering mechanism that is a function of stratospheric neutral wind direction. Finally, a case study of a radio blackout of transionospheric HF communications caused by an X2.9 class solar flare is presented. This study demonstrates the potential of a novel technique employing signals of opportunity and automated receiving networks voluntarily created by an international community of amateur radio operators.
Ph. D.
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Kalkavage, Jean Hogan. "Nonlinear wave-wave interactions in ionospheric plasmas caused by injected VLF and HF waves." Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21184.

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Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
The study of wave-wave interactions in the ionosphere is important for designing communication systems, satellite systems, and spacecraft. Ionospheric research also informs laser and magnetic fusion plasma physics. This thesis focuses on two nonlinear wave-wave interactions in the ionosphere. The first interaction is a nonlinear mode conversion. Very Low Frequency (VLF) waves transmitted from the ground travel through the ionosphere as injected whistler waves. The whistler waves interact with naturally-occurring density fluctuations in the ionosphere and are mode converted into lower hybrid waves. The lower hybrid waves accelerate electrons along the geomagnetic field and the resulting beam mode Langmuir waves are detectable by radar. This type of mode conversion may combine additively with a four wave interaction with the same VLF wave as its source. Data collected at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico during the occurrence of spread F and sporadic E was analyzed. Plasma line enhancements may indicate the nonlinear mode conversion both separately from and in conjunction with the four wave interaction. The second nonlinear wave-wave interaction is the parametric decay instability (PDI) excited by High Frequency (HF) heater waves at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program facility in Gakona, Alaska. Resonant PDI cascades downwards, resulting in up-shifted ion line enhancements as detected by radar. This process has been detected in the presence of down-shifted ion line enhancements which may be caused by beating between PDI-produced Langmuir waves, or by naturally occurring ionospheric currents.
2031-01-01
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Negale, Michael. "Investigating the Climatology of Mesospheric and Thermospheric Gravity Waves at High Northern Latitudes." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6937.

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An important property of the Earth's atmosphere is its ability to support wave motions, and indeed, waves exist throughout the Earth's atmosphere at all times and all locations. What is the importance of these waves? Imagine standing on the beach as water waves come crashing into you. In this case, the waves transport energy and momentum to you, knocking you off balance. Similarly, waves in the atmosphere crash, known as breaking, but what do they crash into? They crash into the atmosphere knocking the atmosphere off balance in terms of the winds and temperatures. Although the Earth's atmosphere is full of waves, they cannot be observed directly; however, their effects on the atmosphere can be observed. Waves can be detected in the winds and temperatures, as mentioned above, but also in pressure and density. In this dissertation, three different studies of waves, known as gravity waves, were performed at three different locations. For these studies, we investigate the size of the waves and in which direction they move. Using specialized cameras, gravity waves were observed in the middle atmosphere (50-70 miles up) over Alaska (for three winter times) and Norway (for one winter time). A third study investigated gravity waves at a much higher altitude (70 miles on up) using radar data from Alaska (for three years). These studies have provided important new information on these waves and how they move through the atmosphere. This in turn helps to understand in which direction these waves are crashing into the atmosphere and therefore, which direction the energy and momentum are going. Studies such as these help to better forecast weather and climate.
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Yang, Heng 1985. "On the detection of ionospheric waves, relationship with earthquakes and tsunamis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667175.

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The research of this thesis addresses the detection and characterization of ionospheric waves and its application to traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) induced by the natural events, such as earthquakes and tsunamis. The characterization is done from regional detrended Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) maps which are obtained from a set of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites. Note that from the mathematical and signal-processing point of view, the problem presents two key difficulties that are (a) the fact that ionospheric sampling is nonuniform, with different density of samples that somehow reflect the distribution of stations over the earth surface, and (b), that the estimation method can not introduce any constraints in the number of disturbances and their propagation parameters. In the first contribution of the thesis, we propose a method for detecting the number of simultaneous TIDs from a time series of high-pass-filtered VTEC maps and their parameters. The method, which we refer to as the Atomic Decomposition Detector of TIDs (ADDTID), is tested on the detrended VTEC map corresponding to a simulated realistic scenario from the dense GNSS network, Global Positioning System Earth Observation Network (GEONET) in Japan. The contribution consists of the detection of the exact number of independent TIDs from a nonuniform sampling of the ionospheric pierce points. The solution to the problem is set as the estimation of the representative perturbations from a dictionary of atoms that span a linear space of possible TIDs by means of a variation of the LASSO algorithm. These atoms consist of plane waves characterized by a wavelength, direction, and phase on a surface defined, the part of the ionosphere sounded by the GNSS observation. As the second contribution, we apply ADDTID on actual VTEC data to the GEONET network. We have studied the Medium Scale TIDs (MSTIDs) during the Spring Equinox day of 21 March 2011. The geophysical contribution is: (a) detection of circular MSTID waves compatible by time and center with a specific earthquake; (b) simultaneous superposition of two distinct MSTIDs, with almost the same azimuth; and (c) the presence of nighttime MSTIDs with velocities in the range 400-600 m/s. In the third contribution we provide a detailed characterization of the TIDs originated from the total solar eclipse of 21 August 2017, the shadow of which crossed the United States from the Pacific to the Atlantic ocean. This can be modeled in part as if the umbra and penumbra were moving cylinders that intersects with variable elevation angle a curved surface. The result of this is reflected in the time evolution of the TID wavelengths produced by the eclipse, which depend on the vertical angle of the sun with the surface of the earth, and also a double bow wave phenomenon, where the bow waves are generated in advance to the umbra. Finally, we detected a clear pattern of MSTIDs, which appeared in advance of the penumbra, which we could hypothesize as soliton waves associated with the bow wave. In the fourth contribution we characterized the MSTIDs generated during the Japan Tohoku earthquake of 11 March 2011. We found: (a) a confirmation of the performance of the algorithm in face of simultaneous multi-TID, the robustness to the curvature of the wave fronts of the perturbations and the accuracy of the estimated parameters. The results were double checked by the additional visual inspection from VTEC maps and keogram plots; (b) The detection of different wave fronts between the west and east MSTIDs around the epicenter, consistent in time and space with the post-earthquake tsunami; (c) The complete evolution of the circular MSTIDs driven by the tsunami during the GNSS observable area; (d) The detection of the fast and short circular TIDs related to the acoustic waves of earthquake.
Esta tesis aborda la detección y caracterización de las ondas ionosféricas y su aplicación a las perturbaciones ionosféricas itinerantes (TID traveling ionospheric disturbances) inducidas por eventos naturales. La caracterización se realiza a partir de mapas regionales de Contenido Total Vertical de Electrones (VTEC) que se obtienen a partir de medidas de un conjunto de satélites del Sistema Navegación GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). Obsérvese que, desde el punto de vista matemático y de procesamiento de señales, el problema presenta dos dificultades: a) el hecho de que el muestreo ionosférico no es uniforme, con una densidad de muestras diferente que refleja de alguna manera la distribución de las estaciones sobre la superficie terrestre, y b) el hecho de que el método de estimación no puede introducir ninguna limitación en el número de perturbaciones y sus parámetros de propagación a detectar. En la primera contribución de la tesis, proponemos un método para detectar el número de TIDs simultáneas de una serie temporal de mapas VTEC filtrados por paso alto y sus parámetros. El método, al que denominamos como el Detector de Descomposición Atómica de TIDs (ADDTID), lo probamos con mapas VTEC, que corresponden a un escenario realista simulado en la red GEONET en Japón. La contribución consiste en la detección del número exacto de TIDs independientes a partir de un muestreo no uniforme de los IPPs de la ionosférica. La solución al problema se establece como la estimación de las perturbaciones representativas a partir de un diccionario de átomos que abarcan un espacio lineal de posibles TIDs mediante una variación del algoritmo LASSO. Estos átomos consisten en ondas planas caracterizadas por una longitud de onda, dirección y fase en una superficie definida. Como segunda contribución, aplicamos ADDTID a los datos VTEC a la red GEONET. Para probar el método, hemos estudiado los MSTIDs durante el día del Equinoccio de Primavera del 21 de marzo de 2011. La contribución geofísica es: (a) la detección de ondas circulares MSTID compatibles por tiempo y centro con un terremoto específico; (b) la superposición simultánea de dos MSTID distintos, con casi el mismo acimut; y (c) la presencia durante la noche de MSTID con velocidades en el rango de 400-600 m/s. En la tercera contribución presentamos una caracterización detallada de los TIDs originados por el eclipse solar total del 21 de agosto de 2017, cuya sombra atravesó los Estados Unidos desde el Pacífico hasta el Océano Atlántico. La evolución temporal de las TID producidas por el eclipse, que dependen del ángulo vertical del sol con la superficie de la tierra, y también aparece en un fenómeno de doble onda de choque. Finalmente, detectamos un patrón claro de MSTIDs, que aparecieron antes de la llegada de la penumbra, lo que podríamos hipotetizar como ondas de solitón asociadas con la onda de choque. En la cuarta contribución caracterizamos los MSTIDs generados durante el terremoto de Tohoku en Japón el 11 de marzo de 2011. Lo encontramos: a) una confirmación de la prestación del algoritmo frente al multi-TID simultáneas, la robustez frente a la curvatura de los frentes de onda de las perturbaciones y la precisión en la estimación de los parámetros. Los resultados se verificaron por duplicado mediante la inspección visual adicional de los mapas de VTEC y de los diagramas de keogramas; b) la detección de diferentes frentes de onda entre los MSTID del oeste y del este en torno al epicentro, coherentes en el tiempo y en el espacio con el maremoto posterior al terremoto; c) la evolución completa de las MSTID circulares que impulsó el maremoto durante el período observable en la zona de observación de los GNSS; y d) la detección de las MSTID circulares cortas y rápidas en el espacio en relación con las ondas acústicas asociadas con el terremoto.
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Hoffmann, Peter, and Christoph Jacobi. "Analysis of planetary waves seen in ionospheric total electron content (TEC) perturbations." Universität Leipzig, 2006. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15490.

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Am DLR Neustrelitz wird kontinuierlich die totale Ionosation der Atmosphäre bestimmt und globale Karten der vertikal integrierten Elektronendichte erstellt. Es werden dazu die Signale der Navigationssatelliten-Systeme GPS und GLONASS verwendet. In dieser Arbeit wird die Verteilung des totalen Elektronengehalt (TEC) oberhalb der mittleren Breiten während der Übergangssaison September bis November 2004 auf langperiodische Variationen im Bereich von mehreren Tagen sowie zonalen Wellenzahlen bis zu 5 untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden mit einer Analyse von planetaren Wellen aus assimilierten Stratosphärendaten, Radardaten für Temperatur vom Collm Observatorium (51.3◦N, 13.0◦O) und Beobachtungen der kritischen Plasmafrequenz der F2-Schicht (f0F2) mit der Ionosonde in Juliusruh (54.6◦N, 13.4◦O) verglichen, um den meteorologischen Einfluss auf die Variation der Ionosphäre zu studieren.
The DLR Neustrelitz regularly produces maps of the total total electron content (TEC) on a global scale using the navigation satellite systems GPS and GLONASS to forecast space weather. In this study we turn our attention to the higher middle latitudes TEC variations during September to November 2004 in a long-period range of several days with a zonal wavenumber up to 5. The results are compared with a planetary wave analysis using assimilated stratospheric data, mesosphere/lower thermosphere radar temperature data at Collm observatory (51.3◦N, 13.0◦E) and the ionosonde observed critical plasma frequency of the F2-layer (f0F2) at Juliusruh (54.6◦N, 13.4◦E) to investigate the meteorological influences on ionospheric variability.
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Books on the topic "Ionospheric waves"

1

Wait, James R. Electromagnetic waves in stratified media. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1996.

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IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society., ed. Electromagnetic waves in stratified media. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1995.

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Laboratory), Ionospheric Effects Symposium (6th 1990 Naval Research. The effect of the ionosphere on radiowave signals and system performance: Based on Ionospheric Effects Symposium, 1-3 May 1990. [Washington, DC: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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D, Borisov N., Moiseev B. S, and Institut zemnogo magnetizma, ionosfery i rasprostranenii͡a︡ radiovoln (Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR), eds. Issledovanie struktury i volnovykh svoĭstv prizemnoĭ plazmy. Moskva: In-t zemnogo magnetizma, ionosfery i rasprostranenii͡a︡ radiovoln AN SSSR, 1989.

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M, Goodman John, and Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. The effect of the ionosphere on communication, navigation, and surveillance systems: Based on Ionospheric Effects Symposium, 5-7 May 1987. [Washington, DC: Naval Research Laboratory], 1988.

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Karlovich, Sloka Viktor, and Radiotekhnicheskiĭ institut (Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR), eds. Radiotekhnicheskie voprosy issledovanii͡a︡ ionosfery: Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. Moskva: Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR, Radiotekhn. in-t, 1985.

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M, Goodman John, Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.), United States. Defense Communications Agency., and United States. Defense Nuclear Agency., eds. Effect of the ionosphere on C³I systems: Based on Ionospheric Effects Symposium held in Old Town, Alexandria, Va., 1-3 May 1984. [Washington, D.C.?]: Naval Research Laboratory, 1985.

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S, I͡A︡mpolʹskiĭ V., and Omskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ pedagogicheskiĭ institut imeni A.M. Gorʹkogo., eds. Radiofizika i issledovanie svoĭstv veshchestva. Omsk: Omskiĭ gos. pedagog. in-t im. A.M. Gorʹkogo, 1990.

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Gurevich, Aleksandr Viktorovich. Long distance propagation of HF radio waves. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.

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Evgenʹevna, T͡s︡edilina Elena, ed. Long distance propagation of HF radio waves. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ionospheric waves"

1

Cander, Ljiljana R. "Ionospheric Irregularities and Waves." In Ionospheric Space Weather, 179–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99331-7_7.

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Jin, Shuanggen, R. Jin, and X. Liu. "Seismo-ionospheric Rayleigh Waves." In GNSS Atmospheric Seismology, 167–94. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3178-6_10.

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Leble, S. B. "Theory of Thermospheric Waves and their Ionospheric Effects." In Ionospheric Modelling, 491–527. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6532-6_14.

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Temerin, M., and P. M. Kintner. "Review of Ionospheric Turbulence." In Plasma Waves and Instabilities at Comets and in Magnetospheres, 65–80. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm053p0065.

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Hunsucker, Robert D. "Ionospheric Modification by High Power Radio Waves." In Radio Techniques for Probing the Terrestrial Ionosphere, 142–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76257-4_6.

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Fenrich, F. R., C. L. Waters, M. Connors, and C. Bredeson. "Ionospheric signatures of ULF waves: Passive radar techniques." In Magnetospheric ULF Waves: Synthesis and New Directions, 259–71. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/169gm17.

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Yeoman, T. K., D. M. Wright, and L. J. Baddeley. "Ionospheric signatures of ULF waves: Active radar techniques." In Magnetospheric ULF Waves: Synthesis and New Directions, 273–88. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/169gm18.

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Komjathy, Attila. "Ionospheric Effects on the Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves." In Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing, 286–91. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_72.

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Lognonné, P. "Seismic Waves from Atmospheric Sources and Atmospheric/Ionospheric Signatures of Seismic Waves." In Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies, 281–304. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9508-5_10.

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Arata, H., and S. Yamazaki. "A Rejection Method for Interference Waves Caused by Sporadic-E Ionospheric Propagation." In Environmental and Space Electromagnetics, 410–16. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68162-5_41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ionospheric waves"

1

Ivanov, I. I., V. A. Garbatsevich, and A. V. Tertyshnikov. "Shortwave Antenna for Ionospheric Satellites." In 2019 Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves (RSEMW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsemw.2019.8792737.

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Belakhovsky, Vladimir, Yaqi Jin, and Wojciech Miloch. "Impact of the substorms and polar cap patches on GPS radio waves at polar latitudes." In Physics of Auroral Phenomena. FRC KSC RAS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2588-0039.2020.43.020.

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The comparative research of the influence of substrorm precipitation and polar cap patches (PCP) on the GPS signals disturbances in the polar ionosphere was done. For this aim we use the GPS scintillation receivers at Ny-Ålesund, operated by the University of Oslo. The presence of the auroral particle precipitation and polar cap patches was determined by using data from the EISCAT 42m radar on Svalbard. We consider tens of events when the simultaneous EISCAT 42m and GPS data were available. We demonstrate that substorm-associated precipitations can lead to a strong GPS phase (σΦ) scintillations up to ~2 radians which is much stronger than those usually produced by PCPs. At the same PCPs can lead to strong ROT (rate of total electron content) variations. So our observations suggest that the substorms and PCPs, being different types of the high-latitude disturbances, lead to the development of different types and scales of ionospheric irregularities.
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Belov, Sergej, Sergej Belov, Ija Belova, Ija Belova, Stepan Falomeev, and Stepan Falomeev. "MONITORING OF COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS BY METHOD OF REMOTE SENSING IN THE SHORT-WAVE RANGE OF RADIO WAVES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b93d0b9e123.60003193.

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A new method for estimating the parameter noncoherent signal/noise K of ionospheric signal is offered. A comparative analysis is carrying out. This new method exceeds an order of magnitude widely used standard one by analytical (relative) accuracy of determining a parameter K. It has the same order as the well-known coherent methodology.
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Belov, Sergej, Sergej Belov, Ija Belova, Ija Belova, Stepan Falomeev, and Stepan Falomeev. "MONITORING OF COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS BY METHOD OF REMOTE SENSING IN THE SHORT-WAVE RANGE OF RADIO WAVES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4316d2a67c.

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A new method for estimating the parameter noncoherent signal/noise K of ionospheric signal is offered. A comparative analysis is carrying out. This new method exceeds an order of magnitude widely used standard one by analytical (relative) accuracy of determining a parameter K. It has the same order as the well-known coherent methodology.
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Ivanov, I. I. "Ionospheric monitoring in the arctic at reverse transionospheric sounding." In 2017 Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves (RSEMW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsemw.2017.8103582.

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Maltseva, Olga, and Tatyana Nikitenko. "Validation of Different Ionospheric Models by Norilsk Station Data." In 2019 Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves (RSEMW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsemw.2019.8792766.

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Chayka, E. G., and G. G. Vertogradov. "Travelling ionospheric disturbances effect on the single station location accuracy." In 2017 Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves (RSEMW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsemw.2017.8103586.

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Dighe, Kalpak A., Craig A. Tepley, Raul Garcia, and Jonathan Friedman. "The Arecibo Observatory Daytime Lidar : Preliminary Results." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1993.tud.15.

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The vertical propagation of atmospheric tides and acoustic gravity waves and their corresponding travelling ionospheric disturbances play a crucial role in the transportation and balance of momentum and energy in the earth's atmosphere. The unique availability of both radar and lidar instrumentation at Arecibo can provide simultaneous access to the neutral density, temperature and wind perturbations induced by such wave activity at mesospheric and stratospheric altitudes.
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Ho, A. Y., S. P. Kuo, and M. C. Lee. "Propagation and scattering of electromagnetic waves by the ionospheric irregularities." In International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1993.593523.

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Laryunin, Oleg A. "Ray paths for radio waves traveling through cosine ionospheric layer." In XXIII International Symposium, Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics, edited by Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2287318.

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Reports on the topic "Ionospheric waves"

1

Kuo, S. P. Basis of Ionospheric Modification by High-Frequency Waves. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada470291.

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Sales, Gary S., Bodo W. Reinisch, and Claude G. Dozois. Preliminary Investigation of Ionospheric Modification Using Oblique Incidence High Power HF Radio Waves. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada179174.

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Kintner, Paul M. Studies of Electrostatic Waves and VLF-Wave Particle Interaction in the Ionosphere. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada266013.

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Forbes, J. M. Planetary Waves in the Ionosphere. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada340358.

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Kintner, Paul M. Studies of Electrostatic Waves, VLF-wave Particle Interactions, and Propagations in the Ionosphere. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628007.

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Murphy, T. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in a structured ionosphere. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/285449.

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Kersley, L., S. E. Pryse, and N. S. Wheadon. Radio-Wave Scintillations and Ionospheric Irregularities at High Latitudes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada192140.

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Lay, Erin Hoffmann. Ionospheric acoustic and gravity wave activity above low-latitude thunderstorms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1341848.

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Fox, Matthew W., Xiaoqing Pi, and Jeffrey M. Forbes. First Principles and Applications-Oriented Ionospheric Modeling Studies, and Wave Signatures in Upper Atmosphere Density,. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada325072.

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Baker, Zachary Kent. Constrained Shortest Path Estimation on the D-Wave 2X: Accelerating Ionospheric Parameter Estimation Through Quantum Annealing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1331299.

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