Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ionosphere system

Academic literature on the topic 'Ionosphere system'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ionosphere system"

1

Farah, Ashraf. "Single-Frequency Ionospheric-Delay Correction from BeiDou & GPS Systems for Northern Hemisphere." Artificial Satellites 54, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsa-2019-0002.

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Abstract The range delay caused by the ionosphere layer is the major current source of error for GNSS users with single-frequency receivers. GNSS advice users to correct this type of error using ionospheric models whose coefficients are sent in their navigation messages. GPS-users use the Klobuchar model to correct this type of error. GPS navigation message contains the model’s eight coefficients which vary on the basis of seasonal ionospheric variations and average solar flux. The correction accuracy of Klobuchar model is about 50% (rms) of the ionospheric range delay. Beidou system calculates and broadcast 8 parameters of Klobuchar model based on continuous monitoring stations. BeiDou system updates the ionospheric coefficients every two hours. GPS-Klobuchar model uses completely different coefficients than BeiDou-Klobuchar model. This research demonstrates a comparison study between the Klobuchar model using the GPS broadcast coefficients and the same model using BeiDou-coefficients. The correction accuracy offered by the two models has been judged using the most accurate International GNSS Service-Global Ionospheric Maps (IGS-GIMs) for three different-latitude stations along northern hemisphere, one station in low-latitude region, the second station is in mid-latitude region and the third station is in high-latiude region to reflect models’ behaviour in different geographic regions. The study was applied over three different months of the year 2017 that each of them reflects a different activity state for the ionosphere layer. The study proves that BeiDou model is able to show the ionosphere’s day-to-day fluctuations while GPS model can’t. It can be concluded that GPS model offers better behaviour than BeiDou model in correcting range delay in low-latitude and high-latitude geographic regions under any activity state for the ionosphere. BeiDou model offers better correction accuracy than GPS model in mid-latitude under any activity state for the ionosphere.
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Tsunomura, S. "Numerical analysis of global ionospheric current system including the effect of equatorial enhancement." Annales Geophysicae 17, no. 5 (May 31, 1999): 692–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-0692-2.

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Abstract. A modeling method is proposed to derive a two-dimensional ionospheric layer conductivity, which is appropriate to obtain a realistic solution of the polar-originating ionospheric current system including equatorial enhancement. The model can be obtained by modifying the conventional, thin shell conductivity model. It is shown that the modification for one of the non-diagonal terms (Σθφ) in the conductivity tensor near the equatorial region is very important; the term influences the profile of the ionospheric electric field around the equator drastically. The proposed model can reproduce well the results representing the observed electric and magnetic field signatures of geomagnetic sudden commencement. The new model is applied to two factors concerning polar-originating ionospheric current systems. First, the latitudinal profile of the DP2 amplitude in the daytime is examined, changing the canceling rate for the dawn-to-dusk electric field by the region 2 field-aligned current. It is shown that the equatorial enhancement would not appear when the ratio of the total amount of the region 2 field-aligned current to that of region 1 exceeds 0.5. Second, the north-south asymmetry of the magnetic fields in the summer solstice condition of the ionospheric conductivity is examined by calculating the global ionospheric current system covering both hemispheres simultaneously. It is shown that the positive relationship between the magnitudes of high latitude magnetic fields and the conductivity is clearly seen if a voltage generator is given as the source, while the relationship is vague or even reversed for a current generator. The new model, based on the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model, can be applied to further investigations in the quantitative analysis of the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling problems.Key words. Ionosphere (electric fields and currents; equatorial ionosphere; ionosphere-magnetosphere interactions)
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Wang, Chen, Zhang, Meng, and Wang. "Performance of Selected Ionospheric Models in Multi-Global Navigation Satellite System Single-Frequency Positioning over China." Remote Sensing 11, no. 17 (September 3, 2019): 2070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11172070.

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Ionospheric delay as the major error source needs to be properly handled in multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) single-frequency positioning and the different ionospheric models exhibit apparent performance difference. In this study, two single-frequency positioning solutions with different ionospheric corrections are utilized to comprehensively analyze the ionospheric delay effects on multi-frequency and multi-constellation positioning performance, including standard point positioning (SPP) and ionosphere-constrained precise point positioning (PPP). The four ionospheric models studied are the GPS broadcast ionospheric model (GPS-Klo), the BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) broadcast ionospheric model (BDS-Klo), the BDS ionospheric grid model (BDS-Grid) and the Global Ionosphere Maps (GIM) model. Datasets are collected from 10 stations over one month in 2019. The solar remained calm and the ionosphere was stable during the test period. The experimental results show that for single-frequency SPP, the GIM model achieves the best accuracy, and the positioning accuracy of the BDS-Klo and BDS-Grid model is much better than the solution with GPS-Klo model in the N and U components. For the single-frequency PPP performance, the average convergence time of the ionosphere-constrained PPP is much reduced compared with the traditional PPP approach, where the improvements are of 11.2%, 11.9%, 21.3% and 39.6% in the GPS-Klo-, BDS-Klo-, BDS-Grid- and GIM-constrained GPS + GLONASS + BDS single-frequency PPP solutions, respectively. Furthermore, the positioning accuracy of the BDS-Grid- and GIM-constrained PPP is generally the same as the ionosphere-free combined single-frequency PPP. Through the combination of GPS, GLONASS and BDS, the positioning accuracy and convergence performance for all single-system single-frequency SPP/PPP solutions can be effectively improved.
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Chen, Zhou, Bokun An, Wenti Liao, Yungang Wang, Rongxin Tang, Jingsong Wang, and Xiaohua Deng. "Ionospheric Electron Density Model by Electron Density Grid Deep Neural Network (EDG-DNN)." Atmosphere 14, no. 5 (April 29, 2023): 810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050810.

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Electron density (or electron concentration) is a critical metric for characterizing the ionosphere’s mobility. Shortwave technologies, remote sensing systems, and satellite communications—all rely on precise estimations of electron density in the ionosphere. Using electron density profiles from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (Constellation Observation System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate) from 2006 to 2013, a four-dimensional physical grid model of ionospheric electron density was created in this study. The model, known as EDG-DNN, utilizes a DNN (deep neural network), and its output is the electron density displayed as a physical grid. The preprocessed electron density data are used to construct training, validation, and test sets. The International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI) was chosen as the reference model for the validation procedure since it predicts electron density well. This work used the IRI-2016 version. IRI-2016 produced more precise results of electron density when time and location parameters were input. This study compares the electron density provided by IRI-2016 to the EDG-DNN to assess the merits of the latter. The final results reveal that EDG-DNN has low-error and strong stability, can represent the global distribution structure of electron density, has some distinctive features of ionospheric electron density distribution, and predicts electron density well during quiet periods.
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Yasyukevich, Yury V., Artem M. Vesnin, Alexander V. Kiselev, Anna A. Mylnikova, Alexey V. Oinats, Vera A. Ivanova, and Vladislav V. Demyanov. "MITIGATOR: GNSS-Based System for Remote Sensing of Ionospheric Absolute Total Electron Content." Universe 8, no. 2 (February 4, 2022): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8020098.

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Monitoring the Earth’s ionosphere is an important, fundamental and applied problem. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide a way of measuring the ionospheric total electron content (TEC), but real-time single-station absolute TEC measurements are still a problem. This study describes a single-station system to measure the absolute TEC, based on the GNSS–MITIGATOR (MonITorInG the Absolute TOtal electRon content) system. The latter enables real-time measurements for the absolute TEC and its derivatives in time and in space to be obtained. The system is implemented by using JAVAD receivers. The convergence time and the run-mode retention time is ~8 h. We provide potential methods for using the system to estimate the critical frequency of the ionosphere, foF2, at oblique paths in the Siberian region. The developed tool could be useful for supporting real-time multi-instrumental ionosphere monitoring or for compensating for the ionospheric errors of radio equipment.
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Kim, Mingyu, and Jeongrae Kim. "SBAS-Aided GPS Positioning with an Extended Ionosphere Map at the Boundaries of WAAS Service Area." Remote Sensing 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13010151.

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Space-based augmentation system (SBAS) provides correction information for improving the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning accuracy in real-time, which includes satellite orbit/clock and ionospheric delay corrections. At SBAS service area boundaries, the correction is not fully available to GNSS users and only a partial correction is available, mostly satellite orbit/clock information. By using the geospatial correlation property of the ionosphere delay information, the ionosphere correction coverage can be extended by a spatial extrapolation algorithm. This paper proposes extending SBAS ionosphere correction coverage by using a biharmonic spline extrapolation algorithm. The wide area augmentation system (WAAS) ionosphere map is extended and its ionospheric delay error is compared with the GPS Klobuchar model. The mean ionosphere error reduction at low latitude is 52.3%. The positioning accuracy of the extended ionosphere correction method is compared with the accuracy of the conventional SBAS positioning method when only a partial set of SBAS corrections are available. The mean positioning error reduction is 44.8%, and the positioning accuracy improvement is significant at low latitude.
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Le Roux, Y. M., J. Ménard, J. P. Jolivet, and P. J. Davy. "<i>Letter to the Editor:</i> SCIPION, a new flexible ionospheric sounder in Senegal." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 6 (June 30, 1998): 738–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0738-x.

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Abstract. SCIPION is a new state of the art digital sounder that has been devoloped by France Telecom-CNET for ionospheric monitoring and research. Extensive data processing using DSP technology has resulted in a low power, low cost and full featured system for both vertical and oblique soundings. A SCIPION system is in the process of being installed in Dakar, Senegal, to study HF propagation in the sub-equatorial ionosphere. However, preliminary results have still been obtained during experiments wit a prototype system. In this paper, the system is described and some illustrative examples of its capabilities are shown.Keywords. Ionosphere (Equatorial ionosphere, Instruments and Techniques) &amp;#x22C5 Radio science (ionospheric propagation).
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Håkansson, Martin. "Nadir-Dependent GNSS Code Biases and Their Effect on 2D and 3D Ionosphere Modeling." Remote Sensing 12, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12060995.

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Recent publications have shown that group delay variations are present in the code observables of the BeiDou system, as well as to a lesser degree in the code observables of the global positioning system (GPS). These variations could potentially affect precise point positioning, integer ambiguity resolution by the Hatch–Melbourne–Wübbena linear combination, and total electron content estimation for ionosphere modeling from global navigation satellite system (GNSS) observations. The latter is an important characteristic of the ionosphere and a prerequisite in some applications of precise positioning. By analyzing the residuals from total electron content estimation, the existence of group delay variations was confirmed by a method independent of the methods previously used. It also provides knowledge of the effects of group delay variations on ionosphere modeling. These biases were confirmed both for two-dimensional ionosphere modeling by the thin shell model, as well as for three-dimensional ionosphere modeling using tomographic inversion. BeiDou group delay variations were prominent and consistent in the residuals for both the two-dimensional and three-dimensional case of ionosphere modeling, while GPS group delay variations were smaller and could not be confirmed due to the accuracy limitations of the ionospheric models. Group delay variations were, to a larger extent, absorbed by the ionospheric model when three-dimensional ionospheric tomography was performed in comparison with two-dimensional modeling.
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Hayes, Laura A., and Peter T. Gallagher. "A Significant Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance Associated with Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 221009A." Research Notes of the AAS 6, no. 10 (October 26, 2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ac9d2f.

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Abstract We report the detection of a significant sudden ionospheric disturbance in the D-region of Earth’s ionosphere (∼60–100 km), which was associated with the massive γ-ray burst GRB 221009A that occurred on 2022 October 9. We identified the disturbance over northern Europe—a result of the increased ionization by X- and γ-ray emission from the GRB-using very low frequency radio waves as a probe of the D-region. These observations demonstrate that an extra-galactic GRB (z ∼ 0.151) can have a significant impact on the terrestrial atmosphere and illustrates that the Earth’s ionosphere can be used as a giant X- and γ-ray detector. Indeed, these observations may provide an insight into the impacts of GRBs on the ionospheres of planets in our solar system and beyond.
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Peng, YuXiang, and Wayne A. Scales. "Ionospheric Remote Sensing with GNSS." Encyclopedia 1, no. 4 (November 22, 2021): 1246–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1040094.

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The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) plays a pivotal role in our modern positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) technologies. GNSS satellites fly at altitudes of approximately 20,000 km or higher. This altitude is above an ionized layer of the Earth’s upper atmosphere, the so called “ionosphere”. Before reaching a typical GNSS receiver on the ground, GNSS satellite signals penetrate through the Earth’s ionosphere. The ionosphere is a plasma medium consisting of free charged particles that can slow down, attenuate, refract, or scatter the GNSS signals. Ionospheric density structures (also known as irregularities) can cause GNSS signal scintillations (phase and intensity fluctuations). These ionospheric impacts on GNSS signals can be utilized to observe and study physical processes in the ionosphere and is referred to ionospheric remote sensing. This entry introduces some fundamentals of ionospheric remote sensing using GNSS.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ionosphere system"

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Rosenqvist, Lisa. "Energy Transfer and Conversion in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Astronomy and Space Physics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8716.

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Magnetized planets, such as Earth, are strongly influenced by the solar wind. The Sun is very dynamic, releasing varying amounts of energy, resulting in a fluctuating energy and momentum exchange between the solar wind and planetary magnetospheres. The efficiency of this coupling is thought to be controlled by magnetic reconnection occurring at the boundary between solar wind and planetary magnetic fields. One of the main tasks in space physics research is to increase the understanding of this coupling between the Sun and other solar system bodies. Perhaps the most important aspect regards the transfer of energy from the solar wind to the terrestrial magnetosphere as this is the main source for driving plasma processes in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. This may also have a direct practical influence on our life here on Earth as it is responsible for Space Weather effects. In this thesis I investigate both the global scale of the varying solar-terrestrial coupling and local phenomena in more detail. I use mainly the European Space Agency Cluster mission which provide unprecedented three-dimensional observations via its formation of four identical spacecraft. The Cluster data are complimented with observations from a broad range of instruments both onboard spacecraft and from groundbased magnetometers and radars.

A period of very strong solar driving in late October 2003 is investigated. We show that some of the strongest substorms in the history of magnetic recordings were triggered by pressure pulses impacting a quasi-stable magnetosphere. We make for the first time direct estimates of the local energy flow into the magnetotail using Cluster measurements. Observational estimates suggest a good energy balance between the magnetosphere-ionosphere system while empirical proxies seem to suffer from over/under estimations during such extreme conditions.

Another period of extreme interplanetary conditions give rise to accelerated flows along the magnetopause which could account for an enhanced energy coupling between the solar wind and the magnetosphere. We discuss whether such conditions could explain the simultaneous observation of a large auroral spiral across the polar cap.

Contrary to extreme conditions the energy conversion across the dayside magnetopause has been estimated during an extended period of steady interplanetary conditions. A new method to determine the rate at which reconnection occurs is described that utilizes the magnitude of the local energy conversion from Cluster. The observations show a varying reconnection rate which support the previous interpretation that reconnection is continuous but its rate is modulated.

Finally, we compare local energy estimates from Cluster with a global magnetohydrodynamic simulation. The results show that the observations are reliably reproduced by the model and may be used to validate and scale global magnetohydrodynamic models.

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Gane, Stuart Carlos. "Continuous pulsation dynamics in the high-latitude magnetosphere-ionosphere system." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/9695.

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The thesis investigates Ultra Low Frequency waves in the band 0.1 Hz to 5 Hz in the terrestrial magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Utilising mid-high latitude ground-based induction coil magnetometers, continuous (Pc1-2) and irregular (Pi1-c) pulsations are explored through the application of digital spectral analysis. An assessment of two spectral analysis techniques is conducted. From which it is concluded that, for routine ground-based analysis of Pc1-2 pulsations, treating the horizontal components of magnetic field variation as a single complex signal is computationally beneficial with minimal loss of useful information. Polarisation parameters and values of cross spectral phase are derived using a weighted histogram technique and are subsequently used to distinguish discrete pulsations and infer their location through simple triangulation. The results of a statistical study of ~1200 discrete Pc1-2 events over the full year of 2007, during the declining phase of solar cycle 23, are presented. This study, for the first time, reports the ground-based polarisation properties of Pc1-2 waves as a function of latitude. The derived diurnal frequency behaviour supports the suggestion that the Ionospheric Alfvén Resonator may play a part in the filtration of ground-based Pc1 observations. Pc1-2 behaviour over the course of 26 geomagnetic storms is also presented, with support being found for the association of pulsation enhancement with plasmaspheric plume formation in the recovery phase. A case study, combining coherent and incoherent radar, in situ particle measurements and ground based magnetometry, has focused on high latitude Pi-c activity during a period of enhanced dayside reconnection. This study has provided support for the association of Electromagnetic Ion cyclotron waves with the SuperDARN spectral width enhancements observed in the flanks of the ionospheric cusp.
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Nakata, Hiroyuki. "The standing toroidal mode oscillations in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157196.

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要旨pdfファイル:タイトル「磁気圏電離圏結合系における定在トロイダルモード振動」
本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものである
Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(理学)
甲第8164号
理博第2186号
新制||理||1156(附属図書館)
UT51-2000-F68
京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻
(主査)教授 藤田 茂, 教授 荒木 徹, 助教授 町田 忍
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Brown, Neil E. "Sequential phased estimation of ionospheric path delays for improved ambiguity resolution over long GPS baselines /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00003170.

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Moses, Jack. "NAVSTAR Global Positioning System Applications for Worldwide Ionospheric Monitoring." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611941.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California
The ionosphere is a critical link in the earth's environment for space-based navigation, communications and surveillance systems. Signals sent down by the GPS satellites can provide an excellent means of studying the complex physical and chemical processes that take place there. GPS uses two frequencies to ascertain signal delays passing through the ionosphere. These are measured as errors and used to correct position solutions. Since this process is a means of measuring columns of Total Electron Content (TEC), multiple top-soundings from the GPS constellation could provide significant detail of the ionospheric pattern and possibly lead to enhancement of predictions for selectable areas and sites. This paper addresses transforming the GPS propagation delays (errors) into TEC and providing TEC contours on a PC-style workstation in real and integrated time and discusses a worldwide ionospheric network monitoring system.
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Clark, Paul Derrick John. "A robust MFSK transmission system for aeromobile HF radio channels." Thesis, University of Hull, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310321.

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Botai, Ondego Joel. "Ionospheric total electron content variability and its influence in radio astronomy." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005258.

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Ionospheric phase delays of radio signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites have been used to compute ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC). An extended Chapman profle model is used to estimate the electron density profles and TEC. The Chapman profle that can be used to predict TEC over the mid-latitudes only applies during day time. To model night time TEC variability, a polynomial function is fitted to the night time peak electron density profles derived from the online International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) 2001. The observed and predicted TEC and its variability have been used to study ionospheric in°uence on Radio Astronomy in South Africa region. Di®erential phase delays of the radio signals from Radio Astronomy sources have been simulated using TEC. Using the simulated phase delays, the azimuth and declination o®sets of the radio sources have been estimated. Results indicate that, pointing errors of the order of miliarcseconds (mas) are likely if the ionospheric phase delays are not corrected for. These delays are not uniform and vary over a broad spectrum of timescales. This implies that fast frequency (referencing) switching, closure phases and fringe ¯tting schemes for ionospheric correction in astrometry are not the best option as they do not capture the real state of the ionosphere especially if the switching time is greater than the ionospheric TEC variability. However, advantage can be taken of the GPS satellite data available at intervals of a second from the GPS receiver network in South Africa to derive parameters which could be used to correct for the ionospheric delays. Furthermore GPS data can also be used to monitor the occurrence of scintillations, (which might corrupt radio signals) especially for the proposed, Square Kilometer Array (SKA) stations closer to the equatorial belt during magnetic storms and sub-storms. A 10 minute snapshot of GPS data recorded with the Hermanus [34:420 S, 19:220 E ] dual frequency receiver on 2003-04-11 did not show the occurrence of scintillations. This time scale is however too short and cannot be representative. Longer time scales; hours, days, seasons are needed to monitor the occurrence of scintillations.
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Habarulema, John Bosco. "A feasibility study into total electron content prediction using neural networks." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005251.

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Global Positioning System (GPS) networks provide an opportunity to study the dynamics and continuous changes in the ionosphere by supplementing ionospheric measurements which are usually obtained by various techniques such as ionosondes, incoherent scatter radars and satellites. Total electron content (TEC) is one of the physical quantities that can be derived from GPS data, and provides an indication of ionospheric variability. This thesis presents a feasibility study for the development of a Neural Network (NN) based model for the prediction of South African GPS derived TEC. The South African GPS receiver network is operated and maintained by the Chief Directorate Surveys and Mapping (CDSM) in Cape Town, South Africa. Three South African locations were identified and used in the development of an input space and NN architecture for the model. The input space includes the day number (seasonal variation), hour (diurnal variation), sunspot number (measure of the solar activity), and magnetic index(measure of the magnetic activity). An attempt to study the effects of solar wind on TEC variability was carried out using the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) data and it is recommended that more study be done using low altitude satellite data. An analysis was done by comparing predicted NN TEC with TEC values from the IRI2001 version of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI), validating GPS TEC with ionosonde TEC (ITEC) and assessing the performance of the NN model during equinoxes and solstices. Results show that NNs predict GPS TEC more accurately than the IRI at South African GPS locations, but that more good quality GPS data is required before a truly representative empirical GPS TEC model can be released.
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Wyllie, Scott John, and scott wyllie@rmit edu au. "Modelling the Temporal Variation of the Ionosphere in a Network-RTK Environment." RMIT University. Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080617.161323.

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used for precise positioning applications throughout the world. However, there are still some limiting factors that affect the performance of satellite-based positioning techniques, including the ionosphere. The GPS Network-RTK (NRTK) concept has been developed in an attempt to remove the ionospheric bias from user observations within the network. This technique involves the establishment of a series of GNSS reference stations, spread over a wide geographical region. Real time data from each reference station is collected and transferred to a computing facility where the various spatial and temporal errors affecting the GNSS satellite observations are estimated. These corrections are then transmitted to users observations in the field. As part of a Victorian state government initiative to implement a cm-level real time positioning service state-wide, GPSnet is undergoing extensive infrastructure upgrades to meet high user demand. Due to the sparse (+100km) configuration of GPSnet's reference stations, the precise modelling of Victoria's ionosphere will play a key role in providing this service. This thesis aims is to develop a temporal model for the ionospheric bias within a Victorian NRTK scenario. This research has analysed the temporal variability of the ionosphere over Victoria. It is important to quantify the variability of the ionosphere as it is essential that NRTK corrections are delivered sufficiently often with a small enough latency so that they adequately model variations in the ionospheric bias. This will promote the efficient transmission of correctional data to the rover whilst still achieving cm-level accuracy. Temporal analysis of the ionosphere revealed that, during stable ionospheric conditions, Victoria's double differenced ionospheric (DDI) bias remains correlated to within +5cm out to approximately two minutes over baselines of approximately 100km. However, the data revealed that during more disturbed ionospheric conditions this may decrease to one minute. As a preliminary investigation, four global empirical ionospheric models were tested to assess their ability to estimate the DDI bias. Further, three temporal predictive modelling schemes were tested to assess their suitability for providing ionospheric corrections in a NRTK environment. The analysis took place over four seasonal periods during the previous solar maximum in 2001 and 2002. It was found that due to the global nature of their coefficients, the four global empirical models were unable to provide ionospheric corrections to a level sufficient for precise ambiguity resolution within a NRTK environment. Three temporal ionospheric predictive schemes were developed and tested. These included a moving average model, a linear model and an ARIMA (Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average) time series analysis. The moving average and ARIMA approaches gave similar performance and out-performed the linear modelling scheme. Both of these approaches were able to predict the DDI to +5cm within a 99% confidence interval, out to an average of approximately two minutes, on average 90% of the time when compared to the actual decorrelation rates of the ionosphere. These results suggest that the moving average scheme, could enhance the implementation of next generation NRTK systems by predicting the DDI bias to latencies that would enable cm-level positioning.
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Tetewsky, Avram Ross Jeff Soltz Arnold Vaughn Norman Anszperger Jan O'Brien Chris Graham Dave Craig Doug Lozow Jeff. "Making sense of inter-signal corrections : accounting for GPS satellite calibration parameters in legacy and modernized ionosphere correction algorithms /." [Eugene, Ore. : Gibbons Media & Research], 2009. http://www.insidegnss.com/auto/julyaug09-tetewsky-final.pdf.

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"Author biographies are available in the expanded on-line version of this article [http://www.insidegnss.com/auto/julyaug09-tetewsky-final.pdf]"
"July/August 2009." Web site title: Making Sense of GPS Inter-Signal Corrections : Satellite Calibration Parameters in Legacy and Modernized Ionosphere Correction Algorithms.
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Books on the topic "Ionosphere system"

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Huba, Joseph, Robert Schunk, and George Khazanov, eds. Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.

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Modeling the ionosphere-thermosphere system. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 2013.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Semi-annual report on NASA grant NAGW5-1097: MIAMI, modeling of the magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere system, 1 November 1996 to 31 March 1997. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Chappell, Charles R., Robert W. Schunk, Peter M. Banks, James L. Burch, and Richard M. Thorne, eds. Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119066880.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Modeling of the magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere system. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Mapping and predicting the earth's ionosphere using the Global Positioning System. Zürich: Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie, Eidg. Technische Hochschule Zürich, 1999.

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E, Markin Robert, Born George H. 1939-, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Correction of single frequency altimeter measurements for ionosphere delay. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Ionosphere and geodetic satellite systems: Permanent GPS tracking data for modelling and monitoring. Zürich, Switzerland: Schweizerische Geodätische Kommission, 1994.

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Laboratory), Ionospheric Effects Symposium (6th 1990 Naval Research. The effect of the ionosphere on radiowave signals and system performance: Based on Ionospheric Effects Symposium, 1-3 May 1990. [Washington, DC: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Memarzadeh, Y. Ionospheric modeling for precise GNSS applications. Delft: Nederlandse Commissie voor Geodesie = Netherlands Geodetic Commission, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ionosphere system"

1

Schunk, R. W. "Ionosphere-Thermosphere Physics." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 3–12. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch1.

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Stolle, Claudia, and Huixin Liu. "Low-Latitude Ionosphere and Thermosphere." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 259–72. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch21.

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Hysell, D. L., H. C. Aveiro, and J. L. Chau. "Ionospheric Irregularities." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 217–40. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch18.

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Yiğit, Erdal. "Dynamics of the Atmosphere-Ionosphere System." In SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences, 103–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62006-0_5.

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Su, Yi-Jiun, John M. Retterer, Ronald G. Caton, Russell A. Stoneback, Robert F. Pfaff, Patrick A. Roddy, and Keith M. Schunk. "Air Force Low-Latitude Ionospheric Model in Support of the C/NOFS Mission." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 107–17. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch10.

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McDonald, S. E., J. L. Lean, J. D. Huba, G. Joyce, J. T. Emmert, and D. P. Drob. "Long-Term Simulations of the Ionosphere Using SAMI3." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 119–31. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch11.

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Fang, Tzu-Wei, David Anderson, Tim Fuller-Rowell, Rashid Akmaev, Mihail Codrescu, George Millward, Jan Sojka, et al. "Comparative Studies of Theoretical Models in the Equatorial Ionosphere." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 133–44. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch12.

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Shim, J. S., M. Kuznetsova, L. Rastätter, D. Bilitza, M. Butala, M. Codrescu, B. A. Emery, et al. "Systematic Evaluation of Ionosphere/Thermosphere (IT) Models." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 145–60. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch13.

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Heelis, R. A. "Aspects of Coupling Processes in the Ionosphere and Thermosphere." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 161–69. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch14.

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Siskind, David E., and Douglas P. Drob. "Use of NOGAPS-ALPHA as a Bottom Boundary for the NCAR/TIEGCM." In Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System, 171–80. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ionosphere system"

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Timofeev, V. I., and N. A. Ovchinnikova. "METHODS OF ACCOUNTING FOR THE STATE OF THE IONOSPHERE FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE COORDINATE-TIME REFERENCING OF GROUND AND AIR OBJECTS USING SIGNALS FROM SATELLITE RADIO NAVIGATION SYSTEMS GLONASS / GPS." In Aerospace instrumentation and operational technologies. Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/978-5-8088-1554-4-2021-2-248-254.

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The article presents a comparative analysis of the methods of accounting for the actual state of the ionosphere in singlefrequency and dual-frequency ground-based equipment of the consumer in order to promptly generate tropospheric and ionospheric corrections based on radio navigation measurements carried out on the network of control and correcting stations of the Russian system of differential correction and monitoring.
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Petry, Adriano, Everson Mattos, Tháygoro Minuzzi Leopoldino, and Jonas Rodrigues de Souza. "Ionospheric 3D-Grid Interpolation for the Brazilian Ionosphere Dynamics Forecasting System." In 13th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 26-29 August 2013. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Brazilian Geophysical Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/sbgf2013-390.

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Dymond, Kenneth F., Scott A. Budzien, Andrew C. Nicholas, Stefan E. Thonnard, and Clyde B. Fortna. "Volumetric imaging system for the ionosphere (VISION)." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Allen M. Larar and Martin G. Mlynczak. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.454262.

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Saito, Susumu, Mamoru Yamamoto, Chia-Hun Chen, and Akinori Saito. "Ionosphere Monitoring and GNSS Correction by a Real-time Ionospheric Tomography System in Japan." In 30th International Technical Meeting of The Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2017). Institute of Navigation, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2017.15262.

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Li, Zhuo, Jie Chen, and Chunsheng Li. "Spaceborne HF/VHF-radar system for ionosphere sounding." In IGARSS 2013 - 2013 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2013.6723547.

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Petry, Adriano, André G. Pereira, Fabrício Viero, and Jonas R. Souza. "Image Generation and Visualization System for Ionosphere Dynamics." In 12th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 15-18 August 2011. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Brazilian Geophysical Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/sbgf2011-449.

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Xue, Rui, Jun Zhang, and Bing Du. "Ionosphere-isolating method for ground-based augmentation system." In Second International Conference on Spatial Information Technology, edited by Cheng Wang, Shan Zhong, and Jiaolong Wei. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.774544.

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Yu, Yaxin, Jamesina J. Simpson, and Erping Li. "On the development of global plasma-ionosphere FDTD algorithms for electromagnetic calculations in the Earth-ionosphere system." In 2012 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceaa.2012.6328707.

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Anthes, Richard A., Bill Y. Kuo, and Christian Rocken. "Constellation observing system for meterology, ionosphere, and climate (COSMIC)." In Third International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, edited by Christian D. Kummerow, JingShang Jiang, and Seiho Uratuka. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.466301.

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Li Zishen, Huo Xingliang, Yanwei, Li Hui, Yuan Yunbin, Li Zishen, Yan Wei, and Li Hui. "Exemplary monitoring system of space (ionosphere) weather based on GNSS." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering (ICEICE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceice.2011.5778110.

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Reports on the topic "Ionosphere system"

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Forbes, Jejjrey M. Meteorological Influences on the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387095.

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Budzien, S. A., K. F. Dymond, D. Chua, C. Coker, A. C. Nicholas, and S. E. Thonnard. The Volumetric Imaging System for the Ionosphere (VISION). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada552444.

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Forbes, Jeffrey M. Self-Consistent Modeling of the Ionosphere-Thermosphere-Magnetosphere System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada253232.

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Forbes, Jeffrey M. Vertical Coupling and Variability in the Tropical Atmosphere/Ionosphere System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402521.

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Mitchell, C. N., and P. S. Cannon. Multi-Instrument Data Analysis System (MIDAS) Imaging of the Ionosphere. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada445580.

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Dyrud, Lars, and Gary Bust. Global Observing System Simulation Experiments of the Ionosphere, Thermosphere and Plasmasphere. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada592714.

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Palo, Scott E. A Low-Cost, Remotely-Deployable Meteor Radar System for Mesosphere/Ionosphere Coupling Studies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387697.

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Branduardi-Raymont, Graziella, and et al. SMILE Definition Study Report. ESA SCI, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/esa.smile.definition_study_report-2018-12.

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The SMILE definition study report describes a novel self-standing mission dedicated to observing solar wind-magnetosphere coupling via simultaneous in situ solar wind/magnetosheath plasma and magnetic field measurements, X-Ray images of the magnetosheath and magnetic cusps, and UV images of global auroral distributions defining system-level consequences. The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) will complement all solar, solar wind and in situ magnetospheric observations, including both space- and ground-based observatories, to enable the first-ever observations of the full chain of events that drive the Sun-Earth connection.
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BARKHATOV, NIKOLAY, and SERGEY REVUNOV. A software-computational neural network tool for predicting the electromagnetic state of the polar magnetosphere, taking into account the process that simulates its slow loading by the kinetic energy of the solar wind. SIB-Expertise, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0519.07122021.

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The auroral activity indices AU, AL, AE, introduced into geophysics at the beginning of the space era, although they have certain drawbacks, are still widely used to monitor geomagnetic activity at high latitudes. The AU index reflects the intensity of the eastern electric jet, while the AL index is determined by the intensity of the western electric jet. There are many regression relationships linking the indices of magnetic activity with a wide range of phenomena observed in the Earth's magnetosphere and atmosphere. These relationships determine the importance of monitoring and predicting geomagnetic activity for research in various areas of solar-terrestrial physics. The most dramatic phenomena in the magnetosphere and high-latitude ionosphere occur during periods of magnetospheric substorms, a sensitive indicator of which is the time variation and value of the AL index. Currently, AL index forecasting is carried out by various methods using both dynamic systems and artificial intelligence. Forecasting is based on the close relationship between the state of the magnetosphere and the parameters of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). This application proposes an algorithm for describing the process of substorm formation using an instrument in the form of an Elman-type ANN by reconstructing the AL index using the dynamics of the new integral parameter we introduced. The use of an integral parameter at the input of the ANN makes it possible to simulate the structure and intellectual properties of the biological nervous system, since in this way an additional realization of the memory of the prehistory of the modeled process is provided.
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Khattalov, Boris, Michael Murphy, Tim Fuller-Rowell, and Jason Boisvert. Long-Term Ionospheric Forecasting System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada427610.

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