Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ionosphere

Academic literature on the topic 'Ionosphere'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Ionosphere"

1

Kliore, A. J. "Satellite Atmospheres and Magnetospheres." Highlights of Astronomy 11, no. 2 (1998): 1065–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600019602.

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AbstractGalileo radio-occultation measurements show that all four of the Galilean satellites possess ionospheres. Peak ionospheric densities for the icy satellites are several thousand electrons per cubic centimeter, and the distributions are not spherically symmetric. Io’s ionosphere is much denser and remarkably similar to that measured by Voyager.
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2

Rao, N. D. Parameswara, E. Sneha Priya, Sk Haneef, K. Sowmya, U. Abhishek Chowdary, and U. Sushmita. "ThingSpeak an IOT Application and Analytics System for GNSS with MATLAB Analysis." International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering and Management 10, no. 3 (June 27, 2023): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijirem.2023.10.3.28.

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The ionosphere is an essential component of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) that can affect the accuracy and dependability of GNSS location. MATLAB provides comprehensive tools for the analysis of ionospheric data and its impact on GNSS positioning. To examine the ionospheric data utilized in GNSS positioning, we advise utilizing MATLAB in this application. The analysis is based on a determination of the Total Electron Content (TEC) of the ionosphere in order to account for the ionospheric delay in the GNSS signals. The system consists of a GNSS receiver module connected to a microcontroller with Wi-Fi capabilities, which transmits data to Matlab. The data is processed in Matlab before being used there. Then, in order to account for the ionospheric delay in the GNSS signals, the TEC of the ionosphere is calculated using Matlab. The recommended system provides a scalable and flexible environment for GNSS-based ionospheric data analysis. The system is practical for a range of applications, including surveying, geodesy, and navigation, and it may be readily adapted to fulfill specific customer requirements.For Matlab analysis, the approach has a number of advantages. In order to measure the TEC of the ionosphere precisely, it first provides cutting-edge signal processing technologies. Additionally, it makes it possible to display ionospheric data in a number of different ways, such as maps, graphs, and time-series plots. This can be applied to the data to identify patterns and trends. The proposed MATLAB-based system offers a scalable, flexible, and cutting-edge platform for the estimation of the ionosphere's TEC and the correction of the ionospheric delay in the GNSS signals.
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Prajapati, Parinda, and Nimisha Patel. "Ionospheric Model Development for Indian Region: A Survey Paper." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 11075–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.11075ecst.

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Ionosphere’s role is most important in vigorous satellite communication for the navigation positional correctness purpose. Ionosphere contains diverse layers reliant on its electron density with altitude in the layer. There are various ionospheric models to forecast electron density with temporal resolutions cited by literatures. GPS data is frequently used by these models. So, the necessity is a prerequisite of evolving ionospheric models with different time duration for low latitudes of India. Also, an ionosphere tomography is considered as an ill-posed problem. Ionospheric TEC found simultaneously at numerous locations can be preserved with several algorithms to conquer electron density. This research is proposed for evolving a model to forecast 3D tomography of total electron density for the whole Indian region. Mainly used satellite data can be collected by various means. The management of vast statistics are planned by using data mining techniques and artificial neural network techniques for estimation. This paper is an outcome of detailed research on ionospheric model development.
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Saka, Osuke. "Ionospheric control of space weather." Annales Geophysicae 39, no. 3 (May 17, 2021): 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-455-2021.

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Abstract. As proposed by Saka (2019), plasma injections arising out of the auroral ionosphere (ionospheric injection) are a characteristic process of the polar ionosphere at substorm onset. The ionospheric injection is triggered by westward electric fields transmitted from the convection surge in the magnetosphere at field line dipolarization. Localized westward electric fields result in local accumulation of ionospheric electrons and ions, which produce local electrostatic potentials in the auroral ionosphere. Field-aligned electric fields are developed to extract excess charges from the ionosphere. This process is essential to the equipotential equilibrium of the auroral ionosphere. Cold electrons and ions that evaporate from the auroral ionosphere by ionospheric injection tend to generate electrostatic parallel potential below an altitude of 10 000 km. This is a result of charge separation along the mirror fields introduced by the evaporated electrons and ions moving earthward in phase space.
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Farah, Ashraf. "Single-Frequency Ionospheric-Delay Correction from BeiDou & GPS Systems for Northern Hemisphere." Artificial Satellites 54, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsa-2019-0002.

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Abstract The range delay caused by the ionosphere layer is the major current source of error for GNSS users with single-frequency receivers. GNSS advice users to correct this type of error using ionospheric models whose coefficients are sent in their navigation messages. GPS-users use the Klobuchar model to correct this type of error. GPS navigation message contains the model’s eight coefficients which vary on the basis of seasonal ionospheric variations and average solar flux. The correction accuracy of Klobuchar model is about 50% (rms) of the ionospheric range delay. Beidou system calculates and broadcast 8 parameters of Klobuchar model based on continuous monitoring stations. BeiDou system updates the ionospheric coefficients every two hours. GPS-Klobuchar model uses completely different coefficients than BeiDou-Klobuchar model. This research demonstrates a comparison study between the Klobuchar model using the GPS broadcast coefficients and the same model using BeiDou-coefficients. The correction accuracy offered by the two models has been judged using the most accurate International GNSS Service-Global Ionospheric Maps (IGS-GIMs) for three different-latitude stations along northern hemisphere, one station in low-latitude region, the second station is in mid-latitude region and the third station is in high-latiude region to reflect models’ behaviour in different geographic regions. The study was applied over three different months of the year 2017 that each of them reflects a different activity state for the ionosphere layer. The study proves that BeiDou model is able to show the ionosphere’s day-to-day fluctuations while GPS model can’t. It can be concluded that GPS model offers better behaviour than BeiDou model in correcting range delay in low-latitude and high-latitude geographic regions under any activity state for the ionosphere. BeiDou model offers better correction accuracy than GPS model in mid-latitude under any activity state for the ionosphere.
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Karpachev, Alexander. "Advanced Classification of Ionospheric Troughs in the Morning and Evening Conditions." Remote Sensing 14, no. 16 (August 20, 2022): 4072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14164072.

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The separation and classification of ionospheric troughs in the winter evening and morning ionospheres of the southern hemisphere were performed using CHAMP satellite data for high solar activity (2000–2002). In the high-latitude ionosphere, the main ionospheric trough (MIT) was separated from the high-latitude trough (HLT). The separation was carried out using a thorough analysis of all the characteristic structures of the ionosphere in the framework of the auroral diffuse particle precipitation model. Two types of high-latitude troughs were identified: (1) a wide trough associated with zone II of diffuse precipitation on the poleward edge of the auroral oval and (2) a narrow trough of ionization, which is presumably associated with an electric field action. The poleward wall of MIT is as ever formed by diffuse precipitation in zone I on the equatorward edge of the auroral oval. The HLT and MIT separation is most difficult at the longitudes of the eastern hemisphere, where all structures are located at the highest latitudes and partially overlap. In the mid-latitude ionosphere, all the characteristic structures of the ionosphere were also identified and considered. MIT was separated from the ring ionospheric trough (RIT), which is formed by the decay processes of the magnetospheric ring current. The separation of MIT and RIT was performed based on an analysis of the prehistory of all geomagnetic disturbances during the period under study. In addition to the RIT, a decrease in the electron density equatorward of the MIT was found to be often formed at the America–Atlantic longitudes, which masks the MIT minimum. For completeness, all cases of a clearly defined polar cavity are also presented.
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Elsayed, Ahmed, Ahmed Sedeek, Mohamed Doma, and Mostafa Rabah. "Vertical ionospheric delay estimation for single-receiver operation." Journal of Applied Geodesy 13, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jag-2018-0041.

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Abstract An apparent delay is occurred in GPS signal due to both refraction and diffraction caused by the atmosphere. The second region of the atmosphere is the ionosphere. The ionosphere is significantly related to GPS and the refraction it causes in GPS signal is considered one of the main source of errors which must be eliminated to determine accurate positions. GPS receiver networks have been used for monitoring the ionosphere for a long time. The ionospheric delay is the most predominant of all the error sources. This delay is a function of the total electron content (TEC). Because of the dispersive nature of the ionosphere, one can estimate the ionospheric delay using the dual frequency GPS. In the current research our primary goal is applying Precise Point Positioning (PPP) observation for accurate ionosphere error modeling, by estimating Ionosphere delay using carrier phase observations from dual frequency GPS receiver. The proposed algorithm was written using MATLAB and was named VIDE program. The proposed Algorithm depends on the geometry-free carrier-phase observations after detecting cycle slip to estimates the ionospheric delay using a spherical ionospheric shell model, in which the vertical delays are described by means of a zenith delay at the station position and latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. Geometry-free carrier-phase observations were applied to avoid unwanted effects of pseudorange measurements, such as code multipath. The ionospheric estimation in this algorithm is performed by means of sequential least-squares adjustment. Finally, an adaptable user interface MATLAB software are capable of estimating ionosphere delay, ambiguity term and ionosphere gradient accurately.
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Danzer, J., S. B. Healy, and I. D. Culverwell. "A simulation study with a new residual ionospheric error model for GPS radio occultation climatologies." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 8 (August 21, 2015): 3395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-3395-2015.

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Abstract. In this study, a new model was explored which corrects for higher order ionospheric residuals in Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) data. Recently, the theoretical basis of this new "residual ionospheric error model" has been outlined (Healy and Culverwell, 2015). The method was tested in simulations with a one-dimensional model ionosphere. The proposed new model for computing the residual ionospheric error is the product of two factors, one of which expresses its variation from profile to profile and from time to time in terms of measurable quantities (the L1 and L2 bending angles), while the other describes the weak variation with altitude. A simple integral expression for the residual error (Vorob’ev and Krasil’nikova, 1994) has been shown to be in excellent numerical agreement with the exact value, for a simple Chapman layer ionosphere. In this case, the "altitudinal" element of the residual error varies (decreases) by no more than about 25 % between ~10 and ~100 km for physically reasonable Chapman layer parameters. For other simple model ionospheres the integral can be evaluated exactly, and results are in reasonable agreement with those of an equivalent Chapman layer. In this follow-up study the overall objective was to explore the validity of the new residual ionospheric error model for more detailed simulations, based on modeling through a complex three-dimensional ionosphere. The simulation study was set up, simulating day and night GPS RO profiles for the period of a solar cycle with and without an ionosphere. The residual ionospheric error was studied, the new error model was tested, and temporal and spatial variations of the model were investigated. The model performed well in the simulation study, capturing the temporal variability of the ionospheric residual. Although it was not possible, due to high noise of the simulated bending-angle profiles at mid- to high latitudes, to perform a thorough latitudinal investigation of the performance of the model, first positive and encouraging results were found at low latitudes. Furthermore, first application tests of the model on the data showed a reduction in temperature level of the ionospheric residual at 40 km from about −2.2 to −0.2 K.
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Danzer, J., S. B. Healy, and I. D. Culverwell. "A simulation study with a new residual ionospheric error model for GPS radio occultation climatologies." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 8, no. 1 (January 27, 2015): 1151–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-1151-2015.

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Abstract. In this study, a new model was explored, which corrects for higher order ionospheric residuals in global positioning system (GPS) radio occultation (RO) data. Recently, the theoretical basis of this new "residual ionospheric error model" has been outlined (Healy and Culverwell, 2015). The method was tested in simulations with a one-dimensional model ionosphere. The proposed new model for computing the residual ionospheric error is the product of two factors, one of which expresses its variation from profile-to-profile and from time-to-time in terms of measurable quantities (the L1 and L2 bending angles), the other of which describes the weak variation with altitude. A simple integral expression for the residual error (Vorob’ev and Krasil’nikova, 1994) has been shown to be in excellent numerical agreement with the exact value, for a simple Chapman layer ionosphere. In this case, the "altitudinal" element of the residual error varies (decreases) by no more than about 25% between ~10 and ~100 km for physically reasonable Chapman layer parameters. For other simple model ionospheres the integral can be evaluated exactly, and results are in reasonable agreement with those of an equivalent Chapman layer. In this follow-up study the overall objective was to explore the validity of the new residual ionospheric error model for more detailed simulations, based on modelling through a complex three-dimensional ionosphere. The simulation study was set up, simulating day and night GPS RO profiles for the period of a solar cycle with and without an ionosphere. The residual ionospheric error was studied, the new error model was tested, and temporal and spatial variations of the model were investigated. The model performed well in the simulation study, capturing the temporal variability of the ionospheric residual. Although, it was not possible, due to high noise of the simulated bending angle profiles at mid to high latitudes, to perform a thorough latitudinal investigation of the performance of the model, first positive and encouraging results were found at low latitudes. Furthermore, first application tests of the model on the data showed a reduction on temperature level of the ionospheric residual at 40 km from about −2.2 to −0.2 K.
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Janhunen, P. "On the possibility of using an electromagnetic ionosphere in global MHD simulations." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 4 (April 30, 1998): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0397-y.

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Abstract. Global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the Earth's magnetosphere must be coupled with a dynamical ionospheric module in order to give realistic results. The usual approach is to compute the field-aligned current (FAC) from the magnetospheric MHD variables at the ionospheric boundary. The ionospheric potential is solved from an elliptic equation using the FAC as a source term. The plasma velocity at the boundary is the E × B velocity associated with the ionospheric potential. Contemporary global MHD simulations which include a serious ionospheric model use this method, which we call the electrostatic approach in this paper. We study the possibility of reversing the flow of information through the ionosphere: the magnetosphere gives the electric field to the ionosphere. The field is not necessarily electrostatic, thus we will call this scheme electromagnetic. The electric field determines the horizontal ionospheric current. The divergence of the horizontal current gives the FAC, which is used as a boundary condition for MHD equations. We derive the necessary formulas and discuss the validity of the approximations necessarily involved. It is concluded that the electromagnetic ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling scheme is a serious candidate for future global MHD simulators, although a few problem areas still remain. At minimum, it should be investigated further to discover whether there are any differences in the simulation using the electrostatic or the electromagnetic ionospheric coupling.Key words. Ionosphere · Ionosphere-magnetosphere interaction · Magnetospheric physics · Magnetosphere-ionosphere interaction · Space plasma physics · Numerical simulation studies
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ionosphere"

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Ssessanga, Nicholas. "Development of an ionospheric map for Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011498.

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This thesis presents research pertaining to the development of an African Ionospheric Map (AIM). An ionospheric map is a computer program that is able to display spatial and temporal representations of ionospheric parameters such as, electron density and critical plasma frequencies, for every geographical location on the map. The purpose of this development was to make the most optimum use of all available data sources, namely ionosondes, satellites and models, and to implement error minimisation techniques in order to obtain the best result at any given location on the African continent. The focus was placed on the accurate estimation of three upper atmosphere parameters which are important for radio communications: critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2), Total Electron Content (TEC) and the maximum usable frequency over a distance of 3000 km (M3000F2). The results show that AIM provided a more accurate estimation of the three parameters than the internationally recognised and recommended ionosphere model (IRI-2012) when used on its own. Therefore, the AIM is a more accurate solution than single independent data sources for applications requiring ionospheric mapping over the African continent.
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Oyeyemi, Elijah Oyedola. "A global ionospheric F2 region peak electron density model using neural networks and extended geophysically relevant inputs." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005255.

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This thesis presents my research on the development of a neural network (NN) based global empirical model of the ionospheric F2 region peak electron density using extended geophysically relevant inputs. The main principle behind this approach has been to utilize parameters other than simple geographic co-ordinates, on which the F2 peak electron density is known to depend, and to exploit the technique of NNs, thereby establishing and modeling the non-linear dynamic processes (both in space and time)associated with the F2 region electron density on a global scale. Four different models have been developed in this work. These are the foF2 NN model, M(3000)F2 NN model, short-term forecasting foF2 NN, and a near-real time foF2 NN model. Data used in the training of the NNs were obtained from the worldwide ionosonde stations spanning the period 1964 to 1986 based on availability, which included all periods of calm and disturbed magnetic activity. Common input parameters used in the training of all 4 models are day number (day of the year, DN), Universal Time (UT), a 2 month running mean of the sunspot number (R2), a 2 day running mean of the 3-hour planetary magnetic index ap (A16), solar zenith angle (CHI), geographic latitude (q), magnetic dip angle (I), angle of magnetic declination (D), angle of meridian relative to subsolar point (M). For the short-term and near-real time foF2 models, additional input parameters related to recent past observations of foF2 itself were included in the training of the NNs. The results of the foF2 NN model and M(3000)F2 NN model presented in this work, which compare favourably with the IRI (International Reference Ionosphere) model successfully demonstrate the potential of NNs for spatial and temporal modeling of the ionospheric parameters foF2 and M(3000)F2 globally. The results obtained from the short-term foF2 NN model and nearreal time foF2 NN model reveal that, in addition to the temporal and spatial input variables, short-term forecasting of foF2 is much improved by including past observations of foF2 itself. Results obtained from the near-real time foF2 NN model also reveal that there exists a correlation between measured foF2 values at different locations across the globe. Again, comparisons of the foF2 NN model and M(3000)F2 NN model predictions with that of the IRI model predictions and observed values at some selected high latitude stations, suggest that the NN technique can successfully be employed to model the complex irregularities associated with the high latitude regions. Based on the results obtained in this research and the comparison made with the IRI model (URSI and CCIR coefficients), these results justify consideration of the NN technique for the prediction of global ionospheric parameters. I believe that, after consideration by the IRI community, these models will prove to be valuable to both the high frequency (HF) communication and worldwide ionospheric communities.
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Stolle, Claudia, Stefan Schlüter, Christoph Jacobi, Norbert Jakowski, and Armin Raabe. "Monitoring of a polar plasma convection event with GPS." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-217497.

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When L-band radio waves of space based systems such as Global Positioning System (GPS) travel trough the ionosphere and plasmasphere their ray paths are perturbed due to the free electrons. Since the last decade these integrated measurements are used to map the ionosphere for navigational and scientific investigations. In November 2001 a polar plasma convection like ionospheric event has been recognised in vertical TEC maps produced with GPS data. This event on the one hand is shortly compared with the behaviour of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) to which it may be related according to former publications. On the other hand the 3-dimensional tomography applying also GPS data is tested on its capability to reconstruct this ionospheric event in the European sector. The different mappings of the two monitoring methods are compared
Wenn L-Band-Radiowellen raumgestützter Navigationssysteme wie das Global Positioning System (GPS) die Ionosphäre oder Plasmasphäre durchlaufen, werden Ihre Strahlwege durch die freien Elektronen verändert. Seit dem letzten Jahrzehnt verwendet man diese integrierten Messungen, um die Ionosphäre im Interesse der Navigation und der Wissenschaft abzubilden. Am Beispiel eines Ereignisses vom November 2001 wurde eine polare Plasmakonvektion in der Ionosphäre durch vertikale TEC –Karten (Total Electron Content), die ebenfalls mit Hilfe von GPS Daten erstellt werden, abgebildet. Einerseits wurde das Ereignis der Plasmakonvektion mit dem Verhalten des Interplanetaren Magnetischen Feldes (IMF) kurz verglichen und auf ihren Zusammenhang hin untersucht. Auf der anderen Seite wurde anhand dieses Ereignisses die Methode einer über den europäischen Raum aufgespannten auf GPS–Daten basierenden 3-dimensionale Tomographie auf ihre Reproduzierbarkeit hin geprüft. Die zwei verschiedenen Methoden des Ionosphärenmonitorings werden verglichen
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Norton, Andrew David. "Analysis of Ionospheric Data Sets to Identify Periodic Signatures Matching Atmospheric Planetary Waves." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101791.

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Atmospheric planetary waves play a role in introducing variability to the low-latitude ionosphere. To better understand this coupling, this study investigates times when oscillations seen in both atmospheric planetary waves and ionospheric data-sets have similar periodicity. The planetary wave data-set used are temperature observations made by Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER). These highlight periods during which 2-Day westward propagating wave-number 3 waves are evident in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The ionospheric data-set is Total Electron Content (TEC), which is used to identify periods during which the ionosphere appears to respond to the planetary waves. Data from KP and F10.7 indices are used to determine events that may be of external origin. A 17-year time-span from 2002 to 2018 is used for this analysis so that both times of solar minimum and maximum can be studied. To extract the periods of this collection of data a Morlet Wavelet analysis is used, along with thresholding to indicate events when similar periods are seen in each data-set. Trends are then determined, which can lead to verification of previous assumptions and new discoveries.
Master of Science
The thermosphere and ionosphere are impacted by many sources. The sun and the magnetosphere externally impact this system. Planetary waves, which originate in the lower atmosphere, internally impact this system. This interaction leads to periodic signatures in the ionosphere that reflect periodic signatures seen in the lower atmosphere, the sun and the magnetosphere. This study identifies these times of similar oscillations in the neutral atmosphere, the ionosphere, and the sun, in order to characterize these interactions. Events are cataloged through wavelet analysis and thresholding techniques. Using a time-span of 17 years, trends are identified using histograms and percentages. From these trends, the characteristics of this coupling can be concluded. This study is meant to confirm the theory and provide new insights that will hopefully lead to further investigation through modeling. The goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of the role that planetary waves have on the interaction of the atmosphere and the ionosphere.
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Haggard, Raymond. "The effects of particle precipitation on the ionosphere in the South Atlantic Anomaly Region." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005248.

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The first ground based observations of aeronomic phenomena in the South Atlantic Anomaly Region are presented. These data show that enhancements in foF2 and foE can be directly attributed to precipitated electron energy fluxes in the Anomaly Region. The regular occurrence of particle induced sporadic-E ionization is also presented together with the first measurable 391.4 nm airglow radiation of about 16 R. The first comprehensive survey of energy fluxes carried by energetic particles using satellites is also presented for both daytime and nighttime as well as the seasonal fluctuations. We found that the nocturnally precipitated electron energy fluxes varied between 1 x 10⁻⁴ and 38 x 10⁻⁴ erg cm²s⁻¹, depending upon magnetic activity and season, whereas the daytime precipitated electron energy fluxes tended to vary between 1 x 10⁻³ and 8 x 10⁻³ erg cm⁻²s⁻¹, with a tendency to decrease during magnetically active periods. Electron density and temperature contours as well as NO⁺ and 0⁺ ions contours for nighttime are also presented. The main conclusion of the study is that precipitating electrons provide a significant and sometimes dominant source of ionization in the ionosphere over the South Atlantic Anomaly Region.
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Banola, S. "Some characteristics of ionospheric irregularities at low latitudes deduced from VHF scintillation measurements." Thesis, IIG, 2001. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1574.

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Gavrilov, Nikolaj M., Christoph Jacobi, and Dierk Kürschner. "Drifts and their short-period perturbations in the lower ionosphere observed at Collm during 1983 - 1999." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-215386.

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Estimations of the intensity of short-period perturbations of the horizontal drift velocity at 80 - 110 km altitude are made using data from the regular low-frequency D1 ionospheric reflection observations at Collm, Germany (52° N, 15° E) for the period 1983 - 1999. A simple half-hourly-difference numerical filter is used to extract perturbations with time scales between 0.7 and 3 hours. The results are compared with the mean drift analyses in order to study the interaction between short-period perturbations and the mean circulation. The average monthly variances of short-period perturbations of the zonal velocity near 80 km altitude show a main maximum in summer, a smaller maximum in winter, and minimum values at the equinoxes. At higher altitudes the summer maximum is shifted towards spring, and another maximum of perturbation variances in autumn appears at altitudes near and above 100 km. The seasonal changes of variances of the meridional velocity show maximum values in spring and summer, also some indications for an increase of the summer maximum at altitudes larger than 100 km are found. The observed altitude changes of the seasonal variations of drift perturbation variances are consistent with some numerical calculations of the height structure of a spectrum of internal gravity waves in the middle and upper atmosphere
Die Intensität kurzperiodischer Störungen der horizontalen Driftgeschwindigkeit im Höhenbereich zwischen 80 und 110 km wurde anhand der regulären D1 Langwellenreflexionsmessungen in Collm (52° N, 15° E), bestimmt. Verwendet wurden Daten der Jahre 1983 - 1999. Ein einfache numerische Filter basierend auf den Unterschieden aufeinanderfolgender halbstündiger Windmittelwerte wurde verwendet, um Störungen im Zeitbereich von 0.7 - 3 Stunden zu ermitteln. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit Analysen der mittleren Drift verglichen, um die Wechselwirkungen zwischen kurzperiodischen Störungen und der mittleren Zirkulation zu untersuchen. Die mittlere monatliche Varianz der kurzperiodischen Störungen der Zonalgeschwindigkeit bei etwa 80 km zeigt ein Hauptmaximum im Sommer und ein schwächeres Maximum im Winter, wobei die Minima während der Aquinoktien auftreten. In grösseren Höhen verschiebt sich das Sommermaximum zum Frühjahr hin, und in Höhen über 100 km erscheint im Herbst ein weiteres Maximum. Der Jahresgang der meridionalen Windstörungen zeigt maximale Werte in Frühjahr/Sommer, und es sind auch Hinweise auf eine Verstärkung des Sommermaximums oberhalb von 100 km zu finden. Die gemessenen Höhenänderungen im Jahresgang der kurzperiodischen Driftschwankungen entsprechen numerischen Ergebnissen der Höhenabhängigkeit interner Schwerewellen in der mittleren und oberen Atmosphäre
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Koparkar, P. V. "Studies in ionospheric physics with special reference to the ionospheric irregularities and VHF scintillations." Thesis, IIG, 1985. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/1560.

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Johnson, Rosie Eleanor. "Infrared observations of Jupiter's ionosphere." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/42409.

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In this thesis I have used infrared observations of Jupiter to investigate the flows of ions in the ionosphere and how they are coupled to the ionospheric heating in the auroral regions, determining the drivers of the heating and how they are related to the thermosphere and the magnetosphere. I investigated the H3+ line-of-sight velocity in the mid-to-low latitude region, derived from the Doppler shift of the Q(1,0-) emission line taken by IRTF-CSHELL. No evidence of flows in the region of the H Ly-α bulge predicted by a global circulation model were measured, and the H3+ ions in the mid-to-low latitude region were found to be corotating. Using observations taken by VLT-CRIRES, polar projections of the intensity and line-of-sight velocity of the H3+ ions in Jupiter’s northern auroral region were created. This revealed the ionospheric flows and how they relate to different morphological regions of the northern aurora. These flows vary from extremely sub-rotational to super-rotational, and the drivers of the flows range from the solar wind and magnetospheric interaction to a potential thermospheric driver. The same set of VLT-CRIRES observations are then used to derive the rotational temperature, column density, and total emission of the H3+ ions in the northern auroral regions. These properties were mapped onto polar projections, which revealed changes in temperature during the observations (over a short period of ~80 minutes). The changes in temperature could be caused by local time changes in particle precipitation energy, or they could be caused by the thermospheric response to a transient enhancement of solar wind dynamic pressure, as predicted by models. By comparing all of the H3+ properties, the complex interplay between heating by impact from particle precipitation and Joule heating, as well as cooling by the H3+ thermostat effect was revealed.
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Panicciari, Tommaso. "Multiresolution tomography for the ionosphere." Thesis, University of Bath, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698998.

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The ionosphere is a dynamic and ionized medium. Specification of the ionospheric electron density is important for radio systems operating up to a few GHz. Such systems include communication, navigation and surveillance operations. Computerized Ionospheric Tomography (CIT) is a technique that allows specification of the electron density in the ionosphere. CIT, unlike medical tomography, has geometric limitations such as uneven and sparse distribution of ground-based receivers and limited-angle observations. The inversion is therefore underdetermined and to overcome the geometric limitations of the problem, regularization techniques need to be used. In this thesis the horizontal variation of the ionosphere is represented using wavelet basis functions. Wavelets are chosen because the ground based ionospheric instrumentation is unevenly distributed and hence there is an expectation that the resolution of the tomographic image will change across a large region of interest. Wavelets are able to represent structures with different scale and position efficiently, which is known as Multi Resolution Analysis (MRA). The theory of sparse regularization allows the usage of a small number of basis functions with minimum loss of information. Furthermore, sparsity through wavelets can better differentiate between noise and actual information. This is advantageous because it increases the efficacy to resolve the structures of the ionosphere at different spatial horizontal scale sizes. The basis set is also extended to incorporate time dependence in the tomographic images by means of three-dimensional wavelets. The methods have been tested using both simulated and real observations from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The simulation was necessary in order to have a controllable environment where the ability to resolve different scale structures would be tested. The further analysis of the methods required also the use of real observations. They tested the technique under conditions of temporal dynamics that would be more difficult to reproduce with simulations, which often tend to be valid in quiet ionospheric behaviors. Improvements in the detection and reconstruction of ionospheric structures were illustrated with sparse regularization. The comparison was performed against two standard methods. The first one was based on spherical harmonics in space, whilst the second relied on a time-dependent smoothing regularization. In simulation, wavelets showed the possibility to resolve small-scale structures better than spherical harmonics and illustrated the potential of creating ionospheric maps at high resolution. In reality, GNSS satellite orbits allow satellite to receiver datasets that traverse the ionosphere at a few hundred km per second and hence a long time window of typically half an hour may be required to provide observations. The assumption of an unchanging ionosphere is only valid at some locations under very quiet geomagnetic conditions and at certain times of day. For this reason the theory was extended to include time dependence in the wavelet method. This was obtained by considering two approaches: a time-smooth regularization and three-dimensional wavelets. The wavelet method was illustrated on a European dataset and demonstrated some improvements in the reconstructions of the main trough. In conclusion wavelets and sparse regularization were demonstrated to be a valid alternative to more standard methods.
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Books on the topic "Ionosphere"

1

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Semi-annual report on NASA grant NAGW5-1097: MIAMI, modeling of the magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere system, 1 November 1996 to 31 March 1997. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Anderson, Dave. The ionosphere. Boulder, CO (325 Broadway, Boulder 80303-3326): Space Environment Center, 1999.

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G, Dëminov M., and Sergeenko N. P, eds. Fizika i prognozirovanie ionosfery. Moskva: Mezhduvedomstvennyĭ geofizicheskiĭ kom-t pri Prezidiume Akademii nauk SSSR, 1989.

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McNamara, L. F. The ionosphere: Communications, surveillance, and direction finding. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 1991.

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I, Drobzhev V., and Institut ionosfery (Qazaq SSR Ghylym akademii͡a︡sy), eds. Ionosfernye volnovye vozmushchenii͡a︡. Alma-Ata: Izd-vo "Nauka" Kazakhskoĭ SSR, 1989.

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Kamide, Yohsuke, and Wolfgang Baumjohann. Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50062-6.

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Y, Kamide. Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Schunk, R. W. Ionospheres: Physics, plasma physics, and chemistry. 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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M, Kintner Paul, ed. Midlatitude ionospheric dynamics and disturbances. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 2008.

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A, Zherebt͡s︡ov G., and Sibirskiĭ institut zemnogo magnetizma, ionosfery i rasprostranenii͡a︡ radiovoln., eds. Fizika ionosfery i rasprostranenii͡a︡ radiovoln: Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. Moskva: "Nauka", 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ionosphere"

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Atreya, Sushil K. "Ionosphere." In Atmospheres and Ionospheres of the Outer Planets and Their Satellites, 107–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71394-1_6.

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Weik, Martin H. "ionosphere." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 836. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_9603.

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Chadney, Joshua. "Ionosphere." In Modelling the Upper Atmosphere of Gas-Giant Exoplanets Irradiated by Low-Mass Stars, 93–151. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63351-0_4.

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Prölss, Gerd W. "Ionosphere." In Physics of the Earth’s Space Environment, 159–208. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97123-5_4.

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Elmunim, N. A., and M. Abdullah. "Ionosphere." In Ionospheric Delay Investigation and Forecasting, 19–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5045-1_3.

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Stubbs, Timothy J. "Lunar Ionosphere." In Encyclopedia of Lunar Science, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05546-6_94-1.

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Jakowski, Norbert. "Ionosphere Monitoring." In Springer Handbook of Global Navigation Satellite Systems, 1139–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42928-1_39.

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Richmond, Arthur D. "The Ionosphere." In The Solar Wind and the Earth, 123–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3849-6_7.

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Dieminger, Walter, Gerd K. Hartmann, and Reinhart Leitinger. "The Ionosphere." In The Upper Atmosphere, 644–781. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78717-1_17.

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Hernández-Pajares, Manuel. "GNSS Ionosphere." In Encyclopedia of Geodesy, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02370-0_172-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ionosphere"

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Timofeev, V. I., and N. A. Ovchinnikova. "METHODS OF ACCOUNTING FOR THE STATE OF THE IONOSPHERE FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE COORDINATE-TIME REFERENCING OF GROUND AND AIR OBJECTS USING SIGNALS FROM SATELLITE RADIO NAVIGATION SYSTEMS GLONASS / GPS." In Aerospace instrumentation and operational technologies. Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/978-5-8088-1554-4-2021-2-248-254.

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The article presents a comparative analysis of the methods of accounting for the actual state of the ionosphere in singlefrequency and dual-frequency ground-based equipment of the consumer in order to promptly generate tropospheric and ionospheric corrections based on radio navigation measurements carried out on the network of control and correcting stations of the Russian system of differential correction and monitoring.
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Timofeev, V. I., and N. A. Ovchinnikova. "ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF FLUCTUATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS ON THE PROPAGATION OF SIGNALS FROM GLONASS / GPS SATELLITE RADIO NAVIGATION SYSTEMS." In Aerospace instrumentation and operational technologies. Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/978-5-8088-1554-4-2021-2-244-247.

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The article presents a brief analysis of the influence of variations in the state of the atmosphere (troposphere and ionosphere) on the passage of signals from the GLONASS / GPS satellite radio navigation systems, as well as the conditions for the formation of tropospheric and ionospheric delays in the process of radio signal propagation through the Earth’s atmosphere from navigation satellites to the consumer’s ground equipment.
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Kumar Pant, Tarun, and Mridula N. "Inferences regarding ionosphere-thermosphere coupling - Indian ionospheric tomography experiment." In 2019 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (AP-RASC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursiap-rasc.2019.8738772.

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Habarulema, John Bosco, Lee-Anne McKinnell, and Ben Opperman. "Regional ionospheric TEC modelling; working towards mapping Africa's ionosphere." In 2011 XXXth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ursigass.2011.6050970.

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Simon, Niña Zambale, and Nathaniel Hermosa. "Out-of-plane beam displacements of radio waves due to ionosphere." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.2022.jtu6a.18.

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We calculate the out-of-plane Imbert-Fedorov (IF) shifts of radio waves reflected from the ionosphere. From our calculations, we present the use of IF shifts as potential tool to probe the properties of the ionosphere.
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Ridley, Aaron, Jie Zhu, Xianjing Liu, Ankit Goel, and Dennis Bernstein. "Improving the ionospheric specification in the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model." In 2015 1st URSI Atlantic Radio Science Conference (URSI AT-RASC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ursi-at-rasc.2015.7303095.

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Bakhmetieva, N. V., V. L. Frolov, and Y. Y. Kulikov. "Mesospheric ozone in artificial modification of lower ionosphere." In Physics of Auroral Phenomena. FRC KSC RAS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2588-0039.2020.43.036.

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We present some results of microwave observations of the middle atmosphere ozone under perturbation of the ionosphere by a power HF radio emission by the mid-latitude SURA heating facility (56N, 46E). New experiment was a continuation of studies to clarify the physical nature of the new phenomenon a decrease of the intensity of the microwave emission of the mesosphere in the ozone line when artificially impact on the lower ionosphere [1].
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Fateev, Yuriy L., and Anton S. Kurnosov. "Ionosphere parameters definition." In 2013 International Siberian Conference on Control and Communications (SIBCON 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sibcon.2013.6693622.

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Petry, Adriano, Everson Mattos, Tháygoro Minuzzi Leopoldino, and Jonas Rodrigues de Souza. "Ionospheric 3D-Grid Interpolation for the Brazilian Ionosphere Dynamics Forecasting System." In 13th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 26-29 August 2013. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Brazilian Geophysical Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/sbgf2013-390.

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Mokhtar, M. H., N. A. Rahim, M. Y. Ismail, and S. M. Buhari. "Ionospheric Perturbation: A Review of Equatorial Plasma Bubble in the Ionosphere." In 2019 6th International Conference on Space Science and Communication (IconSpace). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconspace.2019.8905970.

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Reports on the topic "Ionosphere"

1

Eather, Robert H., Peter Y. Ning, and Cyril Lance. Optical Ionosphere Research. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada400139.

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Schunk, Robert W. Assimilation Ionosphere Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626262.

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ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA ROME (ITALY). Electromagnetic Measurements of the Ionosphere at the Ionospheric Station of Rome. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada304155.

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Forbes, J. M. Planetary Waves in the Ionosphere. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada340358.

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Huang, C. W. Solar Wind-Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387921.

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OBSERVATORIO DEL EBRO ROQUETAS (SPAIN). Electromagnetic Measurements of the Ionosphere at the Ionospheric Station of Rome. EUROCAP Program. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada293383.

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Dyson, Peter L. Inversion of Ionospheric Backscatter Radar Data in Order to Map and Model the Ionosphere. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada466333.

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Heelis, R. A. Electrodynamics of the High Latitude Ionosphere. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada206819.

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Larmat, Carene. Tsunamis warning from space :Ionosphere seismology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1050486.

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Larmat, Carene. Time Reversal applied to Ionosphere seismology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1060904.

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