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Academic literature on the topic 'Investor types'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Investor types"

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Kim, Kyung Soon, Jinwoo Park, and Yun W. Park. "Differential informativeness of analyst reports by investor types." Managerial Finance 43, no. 5 (May 8, 2017): 567–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-06-2016-0166.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether there is any difference across individual investors, domestic and foreign institutional investors in trading volume responses to analyst reports. The authors also examine the determinants of trading volume responses using firm as well as forecast characteristics. Design/methodology/approach The authors use trading data from the Korean equity market. The authors divide investors into three classes of investors; namely, individual investors, domestic institutional investors, and foreign institutional investors. The authors then examine whether the trading responses to analyst reports vary across investor types, and how firm characteristics and characteristics of analyst reports influence the trading activities on the release dates across investor types. Findings Individual investors are the most responsive investor group, being responsive to analyst reports on small, neglected firms with large inside ownership as well as to analyst reports with optimistic forecasts. Domestic institutional investors are responsive to reports on neglected firms with high return volatility while foreign institutional investors show least responses. Originality/value There are few studies that investigate whether the trading responses to analyst reports vary across investor types and how firm characteristics and characteristics of analyst reports influence the trading activities on the release dates across investor types. Taking advantage of the trading volume data for the three main investor types in the Korean stock market, the authors study the trading volume responses for each investor type and make comparisons across investor types.
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Chakma, Justin. "Educate physicians about investor types." Nature 494, no. 7437 (February 2013): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/494314d.

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Kiyak, Deimena. "Individual investor investment alternatives assessment criteria modelling." Buhalterinės apskaitos teorija ir praktika, no. 16 (July 5, 2019): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/batp.2014.no16.11.

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Private investment is one of the most important people financial components. Basically, it is an investment activity undertaken by individuals. In most cases investment efforts are intended to ensure the financial security later in life. The choice of them is relatively wide. However, for individual investors information about this receipt flow frequent is limited or poorly accessible. Therefore individual investors potential types of investment choices, their benefits and disadvantages of summation research in this area is valuable, relevant and new, both in theoretical and practical terms. Objective of the study - conclude individual investors potential investment alternatives selection model under the most relevant criteria. For an individual investor to understand the possible role of investment and management capabilities article summarizes the works of scientists presented the concept of investment. Individual investor's investment - is the active use of money, during which the money earns money and work for people and the partially guarantees additional revenue, provide permanent capital increase to satisfy the personal needs, implementing personal financial goals. For individual investor is most relevant investment funds classify according to investment properties, investor type and by period of investment and risk levels. In order to evaluate the investment options preferred by an individual investor was identified seven individual investors potential investment alternatives evaluation criteria: low risk of losing money; a high return; the initial amount of capital; lack of knowledge; access to information; short payback period; lack of need for continuous investment. In Article individual investor's investment options structured, provided essential types of investments advantages and disadvantages, also investments divided into two main groups. 1. Investment alternatives that do not require a large initial capital or nor the additional knowledge, and with little risk of losing money, the long payback period, adequate information dissemination about them, but with little return (deposits, government saving measures, gold). 2. Investment options on which information is available in difficult, often require additional knowledge, a bigger risk of losing money, but a short payback period (stocks, real estate, art values).
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Tuttle, Jonathan R., Matthew E. Kaplan, and Benjamin R. Pedersen. "Who is the “reasonable investor”?" Journal of Investment Compliance 17, no. 4 (November 7, 2016): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-09-2016-0044.

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Purpose To discuss how two recent court decisions applied the materiality standard concerning information disclosed to investors and the definition of a “reasonable investor”. Design/methodology/approach Explains the origins and evolution of the materiality standard and the “reasonable investor” paradigm, discusses the difficulty in applying the materiality standard in the absence of a clear definition of the “reasonable investor”, and addresses potential implications of two 2016 cases, Flannery v. SEC and United States v. Litvak, on whether materiality should be applied on a subjective, rather than objective, basis and evidentiary burdens in proving materiality. Findings Flannery and Litvak suggest that, in assessing what information is material to a “reasonable investor”, courts may place increasing weight on the relative sophistication of investors, the types of securities and the nature of the markets in which they are investing, and types of information investors in those securities and markets typically consider to be material. Originality/value Informed analysis by experienced practitioners in capital markets, financial services and securities litigation.
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Che, Limei. "Investor types and stock return volatility." Journal of Empirical Finance 47 (June 2018): 139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2018.03.005.

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Özogul, Sara, and Tuna Tasan-Kok. "One and the Same? A Systematic Literature Review of Residential Property Investor Types." Journal of Planning Literature 35, no. 4 (August 18, 2020): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885412220944919.

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This article presents a systematic literature review on residential property investor types in selected social science disciplines and critically evaluates the status quo of academic engagement within this diverse group of property market actors. A recurring critique in recent years has been the minimal acknowledgment of investor heterogeneity particularly in relation to urban development and the financialization of housing. Yet, to date, there is no systematic evidence supporting these contentions. Therefore, we conducted an exhaustive literature review of residential investment landscapes through the Web of Science citation database in the following fields: Urban and regional planning, geography, sociology, urban studies, public administration, and economics. Subsequently, we methodically searched for the types of investors addressed, and investor categories employed, in journal articles published between 2000 and 2019. Following a meta-categorization of the results, we demonstrate how existing literature differentiates investors in terms of their spatial scale of operation, size and social composition, investment object and finance, or investment and social behavior. Additionally, we highlight the key topics and issues addressed in the reviewed literature within each meta-category. We propose to turn the four meta-categories into a multidimensional analytical framework as a point of departure for a more nuanced and in-depth understanding of investor differentiations, a tool that is urgently needed in Planning Studies and related disciplines. Furthermore, we argue that mixed method approaches combining hard and quantifiable with soft behavioral investor characteristics, as well as institutional analyses combining structural considerations with actors’ agency, are indispensable to disentangle contemporary residential property market dynamics.
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Annuar, Hairul Azlan. "Changes in ownership forms and role of institutional investors in governing public companies in Malaysia." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 11, no. 4 (November 2, 2015): 455–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-08-2012-0068.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether different types of institutional investor in Malaysia are involved in the corporate governance of their investee companies, and, if yes, to what extent is the level of the involvement. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach, consisting of a series of interviews with 18 senior investment managers of different types of institutional investor, was chosen. Findings – The findings suggest that lessons learnt from the fallout of the Asian crisis has made Malaysian institutional investors not only to be more prudent in managing their total funds and in making equities investment decisions, but has resulted in a more active participation in their “core” investee companies apart from merely discharging their voting rights. Interview analysis revealed that government-linked investment companies are championing the cause and could possibly affect the overall level of institutional investors’ involvement, which bode well for the future of the corporate governance system of the country. Research limitations/implications – Generalisations may be an issue when interviews are used as the method of inquiry. Also, the sample is not random, as access to many managers depended on recommendations. In addition, respondents were consciously selected to obtain different types of institutional investors that included government and non-government linked. Originality/value – There is a lack of work on studying the involvement of institutional investors in developing countries, whereby previous work and literature review were predominantly based upon the experience of Western economies.
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Mourao, Paulo, Marco António Pinheiro Silveira, and Rodrigo Santos de Melo. "Many Are Never Too Many: An Analysis of Crowdfunding Projects in Brazil." International Journal of Financial Studies 6, no. 4 (November 23, 2018): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs6040095.

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This paper analyzed the most important aspects for the success of crowdfunding projects observing the Kickante platform, an important crowdfunding Brazilian platform. We found that the total value per project increased with the number of investors. The value per investor raised with the minimum value invested with rewards and with certain types of promoters (like informal groups or new companies) or with startups.
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Fieberg, Christian, Armin Varmaz, and Thorsten Poddig. "Risk models vs characteristic models from an investor’s perspective." Journal of Risk Finance 20, no. 2 (March 18, 2019): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-10-2018-0163.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the implications of the risk versus characteristic debate from the perspective of a mean-variance investor. Design/methodology/approach Expected returns and the variance-covariance matrix are estimated based on various characteristic and risk models and evaluated for the purpose of mean-variance portfolios. Findings Return estimates from characteristic models are most informative to investors. Risk-factor models provide the most informative estimates of the risk. A mean-variance investor should rely on combinations of the two model types. Originality/value Although the risk vs characteristic debate is a binary academic debate, our findings from an investor's perspective suggest to make use of the best of both worlds.
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Park, Hyejin, Kee H. Chung, and In Joon Kim. "Is Informed Trading Different Across Investor Types?*." Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies 49, no. 6 (December 2020): 839–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajfs.12317.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Investor types"

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Reancharoen, Tipprapa. "Trading strategy and behavior of various investor types between spot and futures market : evidence from Thailand." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2016. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/18772/.

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In rational, efficient market, returns on derivative and underlying securities should be perfectly contemporaneously correlated. Due to market imperfections, one of these two markets may reflect information faster. The thesis analyzes the lead-lag relationship between the spot market and futures market, SET50 index and its futures contract, for the Thailand market. Various econometric tools like unit root tests and the Error-Correction Model (ECM) were employed in the study. The Augmented Dickey Fuller tests employed in the study proved that both the selected markets were stationary series after first difference and the Granger Causality test proved unidirectional relationships between these markets. On the daily observations basis, the results show that there is a price discovery for the futures index. In other words, the lagged of changes in spot price has a leading effect to the changes in the futures price. Alternatively, the TDEX is used instead of the SET50 index to see any changes in the lead-lag relationship. The result proves that there is a leading effect between TDEX and SET50 index futures. The ECM, which utilizes the traditional linear model, is considered to be the best forecasting model. The trading strategy based on this model can outperform the market even after allowing for transaction costs. Moreover, this thesis studies the trading patterns of each investor type, which are foreign investors, institutional investors, and individual investors by using detailed records of trading activity, trading volume, and trading value by employing a unique data set of daily aggregated purchases and sales on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) and the Thailand’s derivative market. The results show that the buying and selling investment flows of these three investor groups are ranked as follows; the majority trader in the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) is the individual investor, followed by the foreign investor, and the institutional investor. The corresponding ranking in the Thailand’s Derivative Market is the individual investor, then the institutional investor, and the foreign investor is the minority trader. The results provide empirical evidence that foreign investors were net buyers whereas institutional investors and individual investors were net sellers of equities in both the spot and the futures market of Thailand. For the feedback-trading pattern, the results show that in both the spot and the futures market; foreign investors are positive feedback or momentum traders. While, individual investors tend to be contrarian investors, or negative feedback traders. Institutional investors’ trading pattern in both spot and futures market is rather mixed results. Furthermore, the results show that foreign investors’ herding is positively correlated with institutional traders in spot market, while negatively correlated with institutional investors in futures market. Foreign investors’ herding is negatively correlated with individual investors in both spot and futures market. Institutional investors’ trade flow is positively correlated with individual investor in futures market whereas it is negatively correlated with individual investors in spot market. In addition, this thesis studies trading performance of various investor types, which are foreign investors, institutional investors, and individual investors on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) and Thailand’s derivative market. The results reveal that different investor types can have different performance. Foreign investors who are more likely to have information advantage over other type make minor overall net trading gains in the futures market, their gains arise from the good market timing but likely to incur large losses in the spot market from negative price spreads between sell and buy prices. Individual investors in the spot market experience positive return, they have success in performance from price spread whereas they experience poor market timing return. Moreover, the results exhibit that individuals make losses on their trade in the futures market. Specifically, the results show that institutional investors make overall net trading gains from positive price spreads between sell and buy prices in both spot and futures market. The different performance might be due to mixed effect of the trading gains and losses arise from trades between investor types that have different backgrounds.
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OH, Natalie Yoon-na Banking &amp Finance Australian School of Business UNSW. "Essays on the dynamic relationship between different types of investment flow and prices." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Banking and Finance, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22041.

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This thesis presents three related essays on the dynamic relationship between different types of investment flow and prices in the equity market. These studies attempt to provide greater insight into the evolution of prices by investigating not ???what moves prices??? but ???who moves prices??? by utilising a unique database from the Korean Stock Exchange. The first essay investigates the trading behaviour and performance of online equity investors in comparison to other investors on the Korean stock market. Whilst the usage of online resources for trading is becoming more and more prevalent in financial markets, the literature on the role of online investors and their impact on prices is limited. The main finding arising from this essay supports the claim that online investors are noise traders at an aggregate level. Whereas foreigners show distinct trading patterns as a group in terms of consensus on the direction of market movements, online investors do not show such distinct trading patterns. The essay concludes that online investors do not trade on clear information signals and introduce noise into the market. Direct performance and market timing ability measures further show that online investors are the worst performers and market timers whereas foreign investors consistently show outstanding performance and market timing ability. Domestic mutual funds in Korea have not been extensively researched. The second essay analyses mutual fund activity and relations between stock market returns and mutual fund flows in Korea. Although regulatory authorities have been cautious about introducing competing funds, contractual-type mutual funds have not been cannibalized by the US-style corporate mutual funds that started trading in 1998. Negative feedback trading activity is observed between stock market returns and mutual fund flows, measured as net trading volumes using stock purchases and sales volume. It is predominantly returns that drive flows, although stock purchases contain information about returns, partially supporting the price pressure hypothesis. After controlling for declining markets, the results suggest Korean equity fund managers tend to swing indiscriminately between increasing purchases and increasing sales in times of rising market volatility, possibly viewing volatility as an opportunity to profit and defying the mean-variance framework that predicts investors should retract from the market as volatility increases. Mutual funds respond indifferently to wide dispersions in investor beliefs. The third essay focuses on the conflicting issue of home bias by looking at the impact on domestic prices of foreign trades relative to locals using high frequency data from the Korean Stock Exchange (KSE). This essay extends the work of Choe, Kho and Stulz (2004) (CKS) in three ways. First, it analyses the post-Asian financial crisis period, whereas CKS (2004) analyse the crisis (1996-98) period. Second, this essay adopts a modified version of the CKS method to better capture the aggregate behaviour of each investor-type by utilising the participation ratio in comparison to the CKS method. Third, this essay does not limit investigation to intra-day analysis but extends to daily analysis up to 50 days to observe the effect of intensive trading activity in a longer horizon than the CKS study. In contrast to the CKS findings, this paper finds that foreigners have a short-lived private information advantage over locals and trades by foreigners have a larger impact on prices using intra-day data. However, assuming investors buy-hold for up to 50 days, the local individuals provide a greater impact and more profitable returns than foreigners. Superior performance is documented for buys rather than sells.
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Morrison, John Harris III. "An analysis of investor types in real estate capital markets : their behavior and performance from 2000 to 2006." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37442.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2006.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-59).
This thesis explores the timing and returns of eight types of real estate investors between 2000 and 2006. The investor types considered are 1) private local, 2) private national, 3) institutional, 4) public REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust), 5) foreign, 6) user/other, 7) syndicator and 8) condo converter. Observing over 41,000 transactions and using the repeat sale method to calculate investor capital appreciation returns, this thesis finds that private local investors are the largest investor type-both in absolute number and transaction volume-suggesting that real estate is still a very local business. In addition, this thesis observes that REIT, foreign and private investors each exhibited leading behavior over other investors, especially institutions, in capital flows: they each tended to start trends in buying and selling at various times from 2000 to 2006. Moreover, it finds that REIT, foreign and private investors took turns in earning the highest cumulative capital appreciation returns from 2000 to 2006, and that private local investors tended to lead all other investors, especially institutional, in return trends. These findings are significant as they increase the understanding of investor behavior and performance in capital markets and may ultimately help increase market information and efficiency.
by John Harris Morrison, III.
S.M.
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Yi, Bingsheng. "Two Essays on Security Offerings: Information Production, Investor Perception and The Types of External Financing, and A Unified Analysis on Financing Choices and Offering Costs." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001173.

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Vasey, Kyle Austin. "Do Accounting Quality Characteristics Attract Different Types of Institutional Investors?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/322079.

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Ozlanski, Michael Edward. "Effects of Principles vs. Rules Based Accounting Standards and Increased Audit Reporting on Investors' Perceptions of Management's Reporting Credibility." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50564.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate how the effects of principles vs. rules based accounting standards and a potential change in the audit reporting model will affect investors' perceptions of management's reporting credibility.  The Securities and Exchange Commission is currently considering the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, which is considered to be a set of principles based accounting standards.  Whereas, U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles are considered rules based.  Additionally, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board is considering a possible change to the existing audit reporting model.  The audit reporting change currently under consideration would require the use of additional emphasis of matter paragraphs within the audit report to discuss areas of higher risk in the financial statements.  A sample of 196 nonprofessional investors completed an on-line 2 X 2 between subjects experiment that manipulated accounting standard type and level of auditor reporting.  Participants assessed direct and indirect measures of reporting credibility, obtained the experimental manipulations, and provided revised credibility assessments.  Changes in credibility served as the dependent variable.  The results suggest that expanded auditor reporting resulted in lower perceptions of management\'s reporting credibility. Additionally, the effects of expanded auditor reporting appear stronger under rules based accounting standards.  No main effects, however, of accounting standard type were observed.  These results contribute to the existing literature on accounting standard type, the information content of audit reports, and reporting credibility.
Ph. D.
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Nye, Katrina R. "Retirement Savings and Types of Investment Assets Among Near-Retirees Aged 51-64: How do Women Invest Differently Than Men?" DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the financial portfolios of near-retiree women and compare their assets to near-retiree men. This study also investigated how economic and demographic factors were associated with the probability of holding aggressive assets and the level of savings. Socioeconomic variables were used to create a profile of the investment behaviors and to examine the level of savings among near-retiree women and men. Specific variables key to the study included household income, age, marital status, education, race, and self-reported health of near-retiree women and men. The descriptive statistics indicated that overall, average levels of all asset categories for the female group were much lower than they were for the male group among near-retirees. According to the findings of this study, women tended to invest in safer assets such as CDs, savings bonds, and T-bills rather than in more aggressive assets such as stocks, business assets, and real estate assets. The results from both the logistic regression and Ordinary least squares regression analyses indicated that gender had no statistically significant impact on the investment and savings behavior among near-retirees aged 51 - 64. However, household income, age, marital status, education, race, and the self-reported health status of near-retirees were all significant determinants of the investment and saving behavior among near-retirees aged 51 - 64. For example, near-retirees, with higher income, older, married, higher education, Whites, and in good health, were more likely to own aggressive assets and reported higher level of savings as compared to other near-retirees. This study also explored socioeconomic factors associated with the level of savings among near-retiree women aged 51 - 64. The findings of this study indicated that household income, age, education, and race were significant determinants of the level of savings among near-retiree women aged 51 - 64. The results of the OLS regression analysis showed that women with lower income, younger, less education, and non-Whites reported lower levels of savings than did other women. Implications of the findings, limitations of the current study, and suggestions for future study were presented in the final section. (88 pages)
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Sener, Tournus Pinar. "Family involvement in firm and its implications for firm performance : dividend behavior and foreign holdings." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010069.

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Cette thèse, en portant une attention particulière sur les entreprises familiales turques et par l'utilisation d'une approche fondée sur la théorie de l'agence, a pour objectif de mettre en lumière les implications du capital familial sur la performance, la distribution de dividendes et les avoirs étrangers. Elle étudie premièrement en s'appuyant sur une méta-analyse, la relation entre l'impact net du capital familial sur la performance de l'entreprise et l'effet de modérateurs sur cette relation. Ensuite, elle examine si, en Turquie, le capital familial comble ou profite des lacunes institutionnelles et étudie comment les entreprises familiales diminuent les préoccupations relatives à l'expropriation des actionnaires minoritaires. Enfin, elle explore comment dans le cas turc, les investisseurs étrangers perçoivent le capital familial et les pratiques de gouvernance appliquées par les entreprises familiales pour éliminer les préoccupations de ces investisseurs concernant l'expropriation de leurs droits. Les principaux résultats de cette thèse démontrent que l'impact du capital familial sur la performance des entreprises est positif mais faible. Le niveau de développement des institutions formelles du pays dans lequel les entreprises familiales opèrent, modère la relation entre le capital familial et la performance des entreprises. En Turquie, un niveau modéré de détention du capital par la famille est bénéfique car la performance comptable atteint un pic à ce niveau de détention et les investisseurs valorisent un tel niveau de détention du capital par la famille. En outre, lorsque les familles détiennent un niveau substantiel de droits de vote et participent activement au management de l'entreprise, le versement de dividendes se réduit et la gouvernance familiale profite des lacunes institutionnelles pour exproprier les autres actionnaires de leurs droits. Enfin, en Turquie, le recours effectif par les entreprises familiales à des pratiques de gouvernance diminue les inquiétudes des investisseurs étrangers concernant l'opportunisme de la famille
Using insights mainly from agency theory, this dissertation intends to shed light on performance, dividend payout and foreign holdings' implications of family involvement in firm with an emphasis on Turkish family firms. The dissertation first investigates the net effect of family involvement on firm performance and the effect of moderators on that relationship by conducting a meta-analysis. It then shifts the focus on Turkey to examine whether family governance fills or abuses institutional gaps and look into how family firms alleviate concerns of expropriation of minority shareholders. Finally, it investigates how foreign investors perceive family involvement in firm and firm-level governance practices of family firms to mitigate investors' expropriation concerns in Turkey. The main findings of this dissertation show that the impact of family participation on firm performance is positive but modest. The development level of formal institutions in countries in which family firms operate moderates the relationship between family involvement and firm performance. In Turkey, moderate levels of family involvement in ownership are beneficial since accounting profitability reaches a peak at these levels and foreign investors value these levels of family participation in firm. On the other hand, when families have substantial voting rights and actively participate in management, dividend payouts reduce and family governance abuses institutional voids by expropriating other shareholders. Additionally, the effective use of firm-level governance practices by family firms mitigates foreign investors' concerns about family opportunism in Turkey
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Lee, Samuel. "Information and control in financial markets." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2009. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/799.htm.

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Chang, Yu-han, and 張玉函. "INVESTOR TYPES AND INFORMATION." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/aghmme.

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碩士
大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
102
Insider investors allegedly sold shares of Top Pot before news was released in 2013, which avoiding losses of 60 million. Because of this event, I have some questions about the individual investors. For the individual investors, whether Top Pot Bakery's insider investors utilize the private information to prevent losses? Do insider individual investors gain from the private information trading? 　　The purpose of this study is to investigate the transactions of individual investors around earnings announcement, and compare the results with the trading behavior of foreign investor, investment trust and corporation. This study analyzes the relationships among rate of return, earnings surprises and net trading of types of investors, and try to find the evidence that whether the individual investors gain from private information trading. 　　We do not find significant evidence that foreign investor, investment trust and corporation are informed traders. But we find two opposite trading phenomena for individual investors. One is the individual investors are informed traders that they have right trading direction before the event and therefore forecast the future market direction. In other word, it means that following the individual investor's trading is profitable. Another evidence shows the individual investors are non-informed traders. They buy stocks following good news and sell stocks following bad news. The trading behavior let individual become a loser. 　　For the evidence I find, I guess there are two different types of individual investors, one is informed large traders and the other is non-informed small traders. For future study, more rich database is needed.
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Books on the topic "Investor types"

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Pompian, Michael M., ed. Behavioral Finance and Investor Types. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202417.

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Behavioral finance and investor types: Managing behavior to make better investment decisions. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2012.

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Bowers, Q. David. A guide book of United States type coins: A complete history and price guide for the collector and investor : copper, nickel, silver, gold. Edited by Stack Lawrence R. 2nd ed. Atlanta, GA: Whitman Publishing, 2008.

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Whelan, Gerard. An indepth study of the mutual fund industry with particular emphasis in the United States and the implications for the individual investor when considering this type of financial instrument. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1993.

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Panischev, Aleksey. Foreign policy of Ancient Rome during the period of the kings and the early Republic. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1083292.

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The monograph is devoted to the foreign policy of Ancient Rome during the period of the kings and the early Republic. The paper draws attention to the fact that at these stages of its development, Rome did not create a state in the modern sense, but rather a Federation, and with a developed self-government of its participants. Thanks to a system of mutually beneficial treaties, Rome became a political center among the peoples of Ancient Italy. At the same time, remnants of tribal relations were preserved in Ancient Rome for a long time. Attention is also paid to the development of military Affairs in Rome. It is noted that in Ancient Rome for a long time there were no defensive walls, which predisposed the Romans to an offensive type of warfare. The Romans created battle tactics that would be consistent with the characteristics of the soldiers ' weapons and would allow for rapid military training among recruits, which provided the Romans with high mobilization capabilities. However, classically represent the soldier in the Lorica of segmentata in the tsarist period was not. An important role in the development of Rome as the center of international politics of Ancient Italy, the center of the Federation was played by the high moral standards postulated by the ancient Roman society and invested in the concept of the Republic. All these diplomatic, ethical, and military features of Ancient Rome combined to determine the success of Roman civilization. However, it is worth noting that the disorganization of these principles caused the fall of Rome. For anyone interested in the historical processes of Ancient Italy and Ancient Rome.
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Project, Carbon Disclosure, ed. Climate disclosure: Measuring financial risks and opportunities : hearing before the Subcommittee on Securities and Insurance and Investment of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, on examining the types of economic risks and opportunities posed and the connection between climate change and the health of financial markets, risks and opportunities discussed in corporate financial disclosure statements and whether requirements are adequate, and listen to investors and other stakeholders on their request for consistent climate risk disclosure in order to better manage financial risks, Wednesday, October 31, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2010.

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Norah, Gallagher, and Shan Wenhua. 8 Settlement Of Investor–State Disputes. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law:iic/9780199230259.003.008.

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The dispute-resolution provisions in bilateral investment treaties (BITs) have become the “ultimate” investor protection in modern investment treaties. This chapter reviews the different types of dispute-resolution provisions of the Chinese BITs. It first looks at the choice of arbitrations made in its treaties, ICSID, ad hoc, or other arbitration rules. It then continues to review the two main types of investor-state dispute-resolution clauses in China's BITs: restrictive—where the BIT permits international arbitration of disputes on the amount of compensation for expropriation only; and more liberal or expansive—which allows access to international arbitration for all disputes between the investor and host state. It then considers a topic of particular interest right now for investors and potential investors in China: the application of the MFN clause to dispute resolution. Finally, it looks at the applicable law to dispute settlement and the requirement to exhaust domestic remedies.
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Pompian, Michael M. Behavioral Finance and Investor Types: Managing Behavior to Make Better Investment Decisions. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2012.

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Pompian, Michael M. Behavioral Finance and Investor Types: Managing Behavior to Make Better Investment Decisions. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2012.

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Pompian, Michael M. Behavioral Finance and Investor Types: Managing Behavior to Make Better Investment Decisions. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Investor types"

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Boardman, Marty. "Types of Investors." In Fixing and Flipping Real Estate, 171–75. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4645-9_20.

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Ozenbas, Deniz, Michael S. Pagano, Robert A. Schwartz, and Bruce W. Weber. "Liquidity and the Impact of Information Shocks: A Macroeconomics Course Application." In Classroom Companion: Business, 51–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74817-3_3.

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AbstractThis chapter explains how “information shocks” can affect the liquidity of financial markets and stock prices. The focus is on unexpected macroeconomic news as a key type of information shock. The final portion of the chapter discusses some realworld events that demonstrate the effects of these shocks on financial markets and how investors react to unexpected macroeconomic news items.
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"Behavioral Investor Types." In Behavioral Finance and Wealth Management, 301–15. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202400.ch27.

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"Behavioral Investor Types." In Behavioral Finance and Wealth Management, 287–88. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202400.part6.

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"The Behavioral Investor Type Framework." In Behavioral Finance and Investor Types, 79–89. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202417.ch6.

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"Behavioral Investor Type Diagnostic Testing." In Behavioral Finance and Investor Types, 91–100. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202417.ch7.

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"Explanation of the Behavioral Investor Types." In Behavioral Finance and Investor Types, 101–2. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202417.part3.

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"Why Reaching Financial Goals is Difficult." In Behavioral Finance and Investor Types, 3–12. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202417.ch1.

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"The Independent." In Behavioral Finance and Investor Types, 121–33. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202417.ch10.

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"The Accumulator." In Behavioral Finance and Investor Types, 135–45. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119202417.ch11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Investor types"

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Agar, Amritpal S., Andy J. Fry, Martin J. Goodfellow, Yee M. Goh, and Linda B. Newnes. "Expected Accuracy Range of Cost Estimates for Small Modular Reactors at the Early Concept Design Stage." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81799.

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Life cycle cost is an important consideration for the development and selection of new power generation technology. Large nuclear power plants (NPPs) have been subject to capital cost escalation, stemming from delays related to late design changes, procurement issues for major components, and regulatory enforced changes. These factors have contributed to the significant risk premium associated with gigawatt scale “Gen III+” designs, which have incurred significant financing costs. Large NPPs have become prohibitively expensive for many utility investors in liberalized markets and smaller economies. The challenge of reducing upfront capital costs is one of the requirements that have driven the development of innovative Small Modular Reactors (SMRs). These designs are said to offer reduced unit cost and reduced risk due to certainty of delivery, which could lead to a lower cost of capital for a utility customer. By offering a product with more cost certainty the SMR could restore investor confidence in nuclear power. The life cycle cost estimates associated with the different SMR designs are uncertain at the early stage of development. However, designers need to understand, with some confidence, the impact of technical decisions at the early development phase on the life cycle cost. This study presents an overview of cost uncertainty associated with the early design stage of the SMR. The types of cost estimating approaches available at the concept design phase are identified and categorized in terms of their expected accuracy ranges. The Overnight Cost of Construction (OCC) is an important driver of the life cycle cost of a power generation project. The expected accuracy ranges from each estimating method are used to illustrate the sensitivity of cost uncertainty to the level of design maturity. By understanding the sources and impact of cost uncertainty decision making during product development can be optimized to meet both technical and commercial requirements.
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Liu, Guang, Yuzhao Mao, Qi Sun, Hailong Huang, Weiguo Gao, Xuan Li, Jianping Shen, Ruifan Li, and Xiaojie Wang. "Multi-scale Two-way Deep Neural Network for Stock Trend Prediction." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/628.

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Stock Trend Prediction(STP) has drawn wide attention from various fields, especially Artificial Intelligence. Most previous studies are single-scale oriented which results in information loss from a multi-scale perspective. In fact, multi-scale behavior is vital for making intelligent investment decisions. A mature investor will thoroughly investigate the state of a stock market at various time scales. To automatically learn the multi-scale information in stock data, we propose a Multi-scale Two-way Deep Neural Network. It learns multi-scale patterns from two types of scale-information, wavelet-based and downsampling-based, by eXtreme Gradient Boosting and Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network, respectively. After combining the learned patterns from the two-way, our model achieves state-of-the-art performance on FI-2010 and CSI-2016, where the latter is our published long-range stock dataset to help future studies for STP task. Extensive experimental results on the two datasets indicate that multi-scale information can significantly improve the STP performance and our model is superior in capturing such information.
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Gaspars-Wieloch, Helena. "On Securities Portfolio Optimization, Preferences, Payoff Matrix Estimation and Uncertain Mixed Decision Making." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education. VGTU Technika, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibme.2015.04.

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Securities portfolio optimization has been analysed so far on the assumption that the estimation of the probability distribution concerning future rates of return is possible thanks to historical data. However, sometimes it is desirable to forecast profits by considering factors which are not included in past and present results. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the stocks portfolio optimization in the context of decision making under complete uncertainty, i.e. uncertainty with unknown probabilities, which allows the investor to refer to scenario planning. In the contribution, we propose the use of a decision rule for portfolio optimization under complete uncertainty. The procedure takes into account the decision maker’s nature and enables one to select the optimal mixed strategy, which is characteristic of portfolio optimization where variables denoting the share of particular securities are continuous (not binary). The decision process is discussed for two types of decision makers: an active one (who estimates the profit matrix on his own) and a passive one (who uses a profit matrix generated by experts). Additionally, we analyse the impact of the profit matrix estimation (subjectively or objectively) on the decision making process.
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Sitnikov, Alexander, Sergei Doktor, and Andrei Margarit. "Asset of the Future - Comprehensive Business Transformation Program." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206367-ms.

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Abstract In the recent years the oil and gas industry has started facing an unprecedented number of challenges. The average return on capital in the industry has deteriorated which results in investor mistrust and costs being higher than ever. Debt capital became two times costlier than for alterative types of energy. More conventional oilfields become depleted and new reserves are usually quite complex to develop. These and other challenges such as intense competition between oil and gas companies, the energy transition agenda as well as the volatility of oil prices in the aftermath of the pandemic are pushing the O&G companies to transform themselves. Gazprom Neft introduced the "Asset of the Future" program in late 2018 as a timely response which was aimed at completely transforming the Upstream business model. The main issue with the transformation was the scale of it, which included 10 subsidiaries (or subs) and more than 200 different processes. In this case traditional approaches such as improving each operation one by one would not suffice as the company sought a rapid and highly efficient implementation of changes. As such the program had to develop a new approach that focused on the integration of all business parts and continuous improvement. Integration of people, technology and processes will lead to better collaboration and as a result - to smarter decisions and better execution.
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Jureviciene, Daiva, and Olga Ivanova. "Behavioral Finances Of Financially Savvy Households: The Types Of Investors." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education ‘2012. Vilnius, Lithuania: Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Publishing House Technika, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibme.2012.18.

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Castro-Santos, Laura, Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso, Isabel Lamas-Galdo, Carlos Álvarez-Feal, and Luis Carral-Couce. "Influence of the Discount Rate in the Economic Analysis of a Floating Offshore Wind Farm in the Galician Region of the European Atlantic Area." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78727.

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the discount rate in some economic parameters which are relevant to study a floating offshore wind farm: the Net Present Value (NPV), the Levelized Cost Of Energy (LCOE) and the Discounted PayBack Period (DPBP). For this purpose, several maps have been created considering a particular location of the Atlantic Area: the Galician coast (North-West of Spain); and four alternatives, depending on the type of electric tariff or the type of discount rate. Results indicate the importance that the discount rate has in the economic feasibility of a floating offshore wind farm. In this context, the NPV is reduced when the discount rate is increased, the LCOE is reduced when the discount rate is increased, the IRR does not vary depending on the discount rate and the DPBP is increased with the discount rate. The discount rate can vary depending on the sector, the investor or the country where the floating offshore wind farm is installed. The motivation of this paper is to analyze the influence of one of the most important economic parameters in a floating offshore wind farm: the discount rate. Therefore, this type of analysis is very interesting in order to study its influence on the economic results, which are very important to take decisions for investors of the offshore renewable energy industry.
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Asemi, Asefeh, and Andrea Ko. "A Novel Combined Business Recommender System model Using Customer Investment Service Feedback." In Digital Support from Crisis to Progressive Change. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-485-9.17.

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t The aim of the study was to present a new business model of an investment recommender system using customer investment service feedback based on fuzzy neural inference solutions and customized investment services. The model designed to support the system’s process in investment companies. The type of research was qualitative and used of exploratory study and extensive library research. The model divided into two main parts using customer investment service feedback: data analysis and decision making. In this model, seven group factors proposed to implement the model of the proposed system of investment jobs through the potential investors. Machine learning use in this process and next ANFIS, which is an implementation of the neural art community uses the establishment of fuzzy logic judgment directly forward. The system act like a system consultant, studies the investor's past behavior and recommends relevant and accurate recommendations to the user for most appropriate investment.
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Sieracki, Karen, and Qiulin Ke. "Exploring sentiment-driven trading behavior of different types of investors in London office market." In 25th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. European Real Estate Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2018_112.

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Neri, Filippo. "How to Identify Investor's types in real financial markets by means of agent based simulation." In ICMLT 2021: 2021 6th International Conference on Machine Learning Technologies. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3468891.3468913.

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Tian, Wei, and Yixiang Tian. "Study on investment timing of EMD decomposition of volatility cycle of stock market based on investors’ type." In ICAIIS 2021: 2021 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3469213.3470279.

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Reports on the topic "Investor types"

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Putriastuti, Massita Ayu Cindy, Vivi Fitriyanti, and Muhammad Razin Abdullah. Leveraging the Potential of Crowdfunding for Financing Renewable Energy. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/br.002.

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• Renewable energy (RE) projects in Indonesia usually have IRR between 10% and 15% and PP around 6 to 30 years • Attractive return usually could be found in large scale RE projects, although there are numerous other factors involved including technology developments, capacity scale, power purchasing price agreements, project locations, as well as interest rates and applied incentives. • Crowdfunding (CF) has big potential to contribute to the financing of RE projects especially financing small scale RE projects. • P2P lending usually targeted short-term loans with high interest rates. Therefore, it cannot be employed as an alternative financing for RE projects in Indonesia. • Three types of CF that can be employed as an alternative for RE project funding in Indonesia. Namely, securities, reward, and donation-based CF. In addition, hybrid models such as securities-reward and reward-donation could also be explored according to the project profitability. • Several benefits offer by securities crowdfunding (SCF) compared to conventional banking and P2P lending, as follows: (1) issuer do not need to pledge assets as collateral; (2) do not require to pay instalment each month; (3) issuer share risks with investors with no obligation to cover the investor’s loss; (4) applicable for micro, small, medium, enterprises (MSMEs) with no complex requirements; and (5) there is possibility to attract investors with bring specific value. • Several challenges that need to be tackled such as the uncertainty of RE regulations; (1) issuer’s inability in managing the system and business; (2) the absence of third parties in bridging between CF platform and potential issuer from RE project owner; (3) the lack of financial literacy of the potential funders; and (4) lastly the inadequacy of study regarding potential funders in escalating the RE utilisation in Indonesia.
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Hassan, Tarek A., Jesse Schreger, Markus Schwedeler, and Ahmed Tahoun. Country Risk. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp157.

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We construct new measures of country risk and sentiment as perceived by global investors and executives using textual analysis of the quarterly earnings calls of publicly listed firms around the world. Our quarterly measures cover 45 countries from 2002-2020. We use our measures to provide a novel characterization of country risk and to provide a harmonized definition of crises. We demonstrate that elevated perceptions of a country's riskiness are associated with significant falls in local asset prices and capital outflows, even after global financial conditions are controlled for. Increases in country risk are associated with reductions in firm-level investment and employment. We also show direct evidence of a novel type of contagion, where foreign risk is transmitted across borders through firm-level exposures. Exposed firms suffer falling market valuations and significantly retrench their hiring and investment in response to crises abroad. Finally, we provide direct evidence that heterogeneous currency loadings on global risk help explain the cross-country pattern of interest rates and currency risk premia.
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Iyer, Ananth V., Samuel Labi, Steven Dunlop, Thomas Brady Jr., and Eki Amijaya. Cost and Benefit Analysis of Installing Fiber Optics on INDOT Projects. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317131.

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The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) is tasked with the stewardship of billions of dollars’ worth of public invested highway infrastructure. Not only does INDOT continually seek design and operational policies that foster cost effective project delivery and procurement, they also seek opportunities for revenue generation. Due to population growth and the increased demand for online connectivity and global information transmission, the fiber-optic cable industry has experienced rapid growth over the past few years. Information and communication technology (ICT) companies have long sought to achieve higher economic productivity by installing fiber-optic cables in the right of way (ROW) of access-controlled highways. Based on these developments, an experiment was conducted to measure the economic impact in Indiana. To determine this impact, a database was developed by compartmentalizing the analysis into (1) GDP per county per industry type, (2) the natural growth of GDP as a factor, and (3) the extent of contribution of broadband in the growth of GDP. A general formula was developed to incorporate the adjusted median income on both the industry and county levels, along with a broadband contribution factor. This formula was employed to determine policies that can produce optimum economic outcome by leveraging the Pareto method.
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