Relevant bibliographies by topics / Investments, Foreign – Russia

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Investments, Foreign – Russia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Investments, Foreign – Russia"

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Shabanova, Lyudmila Borisovna, and Irina Gennadievna Morozova. "Prospects for investment development in Russia and the Muslim world." Национальная безопасность / nota bene, no. 6 (June 2022): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.38433.

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Ensuring investment attractiveness is one of the most important aspects of a country's economic activity in modern international relations. Foreign investments make it possible not only to ensure expanded social reproduction in the country, but also expand the possibilities of technological and economic development of the state.The purpose of the work is to analyze foreign direct investment in the Russian Federation in general and the Republic of Tatarstan in particular. The analysis and evaluation of statistical data revealed a reduction in the number of projects involving foreign direct investment in Russia in 2017-2020. In modern conditions, it is necessary to recognize the decline in the investment attractiveness of Russia from investors in the United States and Europe, which may lead to an even greater compression of foreign investment flows. An alternative to foreign investments from the United States of America and Europe can be foreign investments from the countries of the Muslim world. Already today, Russia has friendly relations with the countries of the Muslim world, in addition, there are entire regions with a high density of Muslim population living on the territory of the Russian Federation. Thus, the Republic of Tatarstan, which is already one of the most investment-attractive regions of the Russian Federation and occupies the 3rd place in the list of regions of the Russian Federation most in demand among foreign investors, could play an important role in increasing the number of foreign direct investment.
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Oveshnikova, L. V., and E. V. Sibirskaya. "Foreign Investments in the National and Regional Economy of Russia." Federalism 27, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2022-1-81-95.

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The problem of attracting foreign investment in the domestic economy has existed for many years and continues to retain its significance to this day. Despite the active work of foreign investors in the Russian economy, it loses competition to many states in terms of the amount of foreign capital attracted. This problem is relevant at the present time, due to the aggravated foreign economic disagreements and contradictions, since investments are extremely important for financing economic growth and ensuring economic security and protection. The need to study the problems of attracting foreign investment is also determined by the fact that Russia, having a huge investment potential for foreign investors, still has some risks that are a barrier to attract capital in the form of foreign investment in the Russian economy. The study focuses on the structural and dynamic component of attracting foreign investment in the national and regional economy of Russia, contributes to the disclosure of the reasons that affect the decline in global investment in the Russian economy and allows you to identify prospects for attracting foreign investment and investment activities in the Russian Federation with the participation of foreign investors.
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Fedorova, Marina Nikolaevna. "Attracting foreign investors to sustainable development projects in Russia." Social'naja politika i social'noe partnerstvo (Social Policy and Social Partnership), no. 12 (November 21, 2021): 928 (953)—935 (958). http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pol-01-2112-05.

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This article analyzes foreign direct investment in the economy of the Russian Federation by direct investment instruments (according to the principle of orientation). Direct investments are investments made by legal entities and individuals who fully own an organization or control at least 10% of the shares or the authorized (pooled) capital of the organization. Foreign investors can bring scientific and technological progress and advanced management experience to the country. The purpose of the study is to identify and demonstrate the factors that hinder the development of direct investment activity of foreign investors in Russia. The author presents possible tools for the transformation of financial resources of economic entities, including foreign investments. The key directions of increasing the investment activity of foreign investors in the Russian market have also been developed and proposed. The research methodology consisted of the use of general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis of information, economic analysis, the method of abstract logical cognition, which allows, through retrospective analysis, to generalize the theoretical aspects of investment behavior and financial literacy. The work uses the scientific results of Russian scientists posted in electronic scientific resources with open access. English version of the article on pp. 953-958 is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/attracting-foreign-investors-to-sustainable-development-projects-in-russia/77432.html
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Chetverikova, A. "Mutual Direct Investments of Russia and EU in Metallurgy." World Economy and International Relations, no. 4 (2015): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-4-49-57.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of mutual direct investments in Russia and the EU in steel industry and nonferrous metal industry after the beginning of the global financial crisis. The author notes a great importance of the EU market for Russian companies in their foreign expansion. In particular in steel industry the EU market plays a key role as the North American market does. In nonferrous metal industry the importance of the EU market is reduced due to lack of developed raw material sources within the EU and due to the diversification of foreign activity of Russian companies. The author notes that a reduction of mutual direct investments began after 2008. Russian companies have focused their activities on their own enterprises in Russia because of high debt leverage. The crisis has also resulted in an appearance of new crisis strategies of Russian metallurgical companies for European assets. These crisis strategies include sale of assets, suspension of production and strategic partner search. Traditional strategies of foreign investing were relevant during the crisis. The modernization of production was the most applied strategy. Buying up of core assets was also applied. European investments in Russia were made mainly by creating new production capacity frequently including joint ventures with Russian companies. European investors along with investments introduced new technologies and equipment into Russian metallurgy. The article notes that because of the crisis the number of capital investment projects including European companies was reduced. The author notes that the EU will remain the key area for Russian metallurgical companies if the situation in global metallurgical markets will improve and sanctions against Russia will be lifted off. Acknowledgments. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project № 14-28-00097 “The optimization of Russian foreign investment ties in the context of deteriorating relations with the EU”).
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Shevchenko, I. V., and M. K. Tretyakova. "Analysis of foreign direct investments: regional aspect." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 5 (July 6, 2021): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2021-5-162-168.

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The article analyses the dynamics of foreign direct investments in Russia and the world. Developed countries act as net lenders. Developing countries are borrowers in the investment capital market. The paper reveals the trend of reducing the balance of foreign direct investments in Russia, especially after the introduction of sanctions in 2014. Assessment of the structure of foreign direct investments by Federal Districts shows the presence of territorial imbalances in the distribution of foreign capital. The largest volume of foreign direct investments is in the Central Federal District. In the Krasnodar Territory, the balance of foreign direct investments is positive, but has an uneven dynamics. The authors make conclusions about the need to stimulate the inflow of foreign direct investments both at the level of Russia and in the Krasnodar Territory.
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Linnik, L. "Regulating Foreign Investments in Russia." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 2 (February 20, 2003): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-2-145-148.

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Westin, Peter. "Foreign Direct Investments in Russia." Russian Economic Trends 8, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9426.00034.

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Kajgorodceva, K. A. "DIRECT INVESTMENT IN RUSSIA." National Association of Scientists 2, no. 28(55) (June 15, 2020): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2020.2.55.219.

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The topic of investment is quite relevant both in Russia and in the modern world, it is an integral part of today's economy. In the article the analysis of direct investments in Russia: which countries are actively investing in the Russian economy, how much investment is present, what are the goals of foreign investors, the most popular investment sectors in the country are considered.
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Wang, Jilu. "Investment Sino-Russian energy cooperation within the framework of the "dual circulation" strategy: State and prospects." Russian Economic Journal, no. 2 (April 13, 2022): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2022-2-114-126.

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The article discusses the state and prospects of investment cooperation between China and Russia in the energy sector within the framework of the “dual circulation” strategy adopted by China in 2020. The analysis of time series showing the share of Russia in China`s foreign investments in the energy sector in comparison with the countries of Central and South Asia, the Middle East and South America, the ratio of Russian and Chinese investments in the energy sector of the Russian Federation, the forms of investment cooperation and volumes of Chinese investments by main investment forms of participation, and the share of Russian energy resources in total imports energy resources in China are carrried out. The investment needs of the Russian energy sector until 2035 in order to determine the prospects for further cooperation are also decribed in the article.
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Izyumova, O. N., and T. A. Krylova. "ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURE OF RUSSIAN DIRECT INVESTMENTS ABROAD." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2017-3-9-15.

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This article analyzes direct investments. Currently, with the development of market relations and the strengthening of international relations, the objective trends in the growing volume of the export of Russian capital, the increase in its scale and the size of foreign assets, the consolidation of Russian companies in the promising segments of the world market, makes the article relevant and important for consideration. For a more precise presentation of the present situation, the structure of capital flows, in the context of economic entities, as well as statistical data on regulatory measures for foreign direct investment, are provided. The analysis revealed an unfavorable situation on the world investment market for the Russian Federation. The outflow of foreign direct investment from countries with economies in transition tends to decline. Carrying out the analysis of investments it is impossible to bypass. It should be noted that the structure of the capital exported from Russia differs from the similar structure of states with a progressive market by the fact that the share of other investments approximates to the share of foreign direct investment, and this trend increases dramatically in the period of instability. A clearer idea allows us to obtain a detailed analysis of the outflow of Russian investments and the inflow of foreign capital, as given in the paper. The article allows to consider the structure and present position of Russian direct investments and foreign capital.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Investments, Foreign – Russia"

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O'Neill, Thomas J. "Business, investment and revolution in Russia : case studies of American companies, 1880's - 1920's." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=76751.

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This study of the American business presence in Russia from the late 19th Century to the early Soviet period, focuses on more than twenty individual firms that operated there or otherwise conducted business with Russia. They are presented as primary and secondary case studies in three distinct groups: financial industries, manufacturing industries, and sales, services and light manufacturing industries.
The primary cases, American Express, Case and Vacuum Oil Company, offer a detailed insight into: motives for opening installations in Russia, daily operations, the effects of war, revolution and nationalization as well as business relations under the early Soviet government. The secondary case studies include, Citibank, Chase Manhattan Bank, Morgan Guaranty and New York Life Insurance Company in the financial group; Western Electric, Westinghouse Airbrake and General Electric in the manufacturing group; and United Shoe, Otis, Moline Plow, Kodak, Parke, Davis & Co., Chesebrough-Pond's and Continental Gin in the sales, services and light manufacturing group.
Collectively these firms present a comprehensive account of the largely neglected and misunderstood role of private American business in Russia. The experiences of these companies help dispel conventional notions of U.S. commercial interests in Russia and place American involvement in proper perspective.
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Atterby, Johanna, and Clas Brilkman. "Determinants of Chinese and Russian outward foreign direct investments : evidence from 2007-2008." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-145094.

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The purpose:  The purpose of this paper is to identify the determinants Chinese and Russian outward foreign direct investments during the years 2007 and 2008. We also intended to compare them and discuss the similarities and differences between the countries. We purposed three hypotheses, that Chinese and Russian OFDI are market-, strategic asset- and natural resource-seeking.   Design/methodology/approach:  We have employed a regression ordinary least squares model to identify the determinants of Chinese and Russian OFDI. We have used each countries official data that provided us with 80 countries receiving Russian OFDI and 149 countries receiving Chinese. The coefficients showed what kind of coherence there is between the hypotheses and the level of investment in different countries.   Findings: The findings reveal that China´s OFDI are market-seeking but not strategic asset-seeking. The variables measuring natural resource-seeking did not attain any significance for China and none of the variables measuring market-, natural resource- and strategic asset-seeking attained any significance for Russia. Which gives us the impression that according to our results, the general theory cannot entirely explain Chinese and especially not Russian OFDI which is why we call for a special theory for these two countries.     Keywords: Outward foreign direct investment, China, Russia, BRIC,
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Belevici, Stanislav. "The legal framework for investment protection in [the] Russian federation /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83946.

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Attempts by the international community to establish a comprehensive global framework for protection of foreign investment have not yet succeeded. The Russian Federation has remained aloof from these efforts. Its attention instead has been focused on the need to redesign its internal legal framework to accommodate the transition to a market economy.
The first aim of this thesis is to identify the major policy issues that inform the multilateral investment protection debate and to identify the motives that have influenced Russia not to participate. The second aim is to provide an analysis of the progress that the Russian Federation has made in reforming its internal legal framework to better accommodate and protect foreign investment and identify the deficiencies that still have to be addressed.
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Hohots, Viktor. "The role of the tax systems of Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan in attracting foreign investments, comparative analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ52995.pdf.

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Mikenberg, Eero. "Pskov region of the Russian Federation as foreign policy actor." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/211/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2006.
Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Central and East European Studies, University of Glasgow, 2006. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Floriánová, Nikola. "Hospodářské vztahy SRN a Ruské federace." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192452.

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German-Russian relations are one of the most important economic topics discussed at present. The relations are strong thanks to a mutual and elaborate co-operation built on the power and importance of both countries. The goal of this thesis is to portray German-Russian mutual relations and find an answer to the question whether Germany is dependent on Russian energy supplies. The thesis has two main parts: the first is focused on a comparison of German and Russian economies, the second addresses trade relations. The comparison is based on macroeconomic indicators and culture in both countries, also showing the difference in business activities. Moreover, international trade in goods and services and foreign direct investment are discussed as well and are considered to be the key part of the thesis. Foreign direct investment is illustrated with particular instances and projects, followed by a chapter on the current anti-Russian sanctions. This chapter is rather extensive and therefore has its own interpretation. Finally, the thesis presents an overview of present bilateral agreements and contracts, including the organizations and institutions supporting the German-Russian co-operation.
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Lander, Christopher David. "Foreign direct investment in the Russian agricultural sector." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8a5e811a-fdcc-4216-80ec-9aa0c140d129.

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This thesis investigates the experiences of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the agricultural sector of the Russian Federation. The focus is on the form of FDI, and how each investor responds, and adapts, to the Russian operational environment. This is achieved through extensive qualitative, and multiple methods research on three manifestations of FDI: corporate, privately-funded investment; corporate, publically-funded investment; and smaller, individual private investment. Of interest are the Russia-specific constraints that may be largely underprepared for by foreign investors, and unexpected events that occur in the Russian space that hamper the efforts of investors. This thesis, thus, informs the reader of the variable nature of the Russian agricultural sphere, and the problems that exist within its boundaries, and presents the stories of some of the foreign investors that have tried to penetrate its market, mostly since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The thesis consists of four papers that have either been published, or submitted for publication, in academic journals, and utilises fieldwork that was conducted between 2013 and 2014. This thesis finds that all of the foreign investors studied have experienced - in certain aspects - failure on the Russian frontier, though there have also been certain successes. It seems that financial success is dictated by the business model of each investor; those who are afforded longer time horizons, more time to adapt on the frontier, and a source of funds that does not place short-term pressure on the business, are more likely to succeed. The Russian operating environment is unique, peculiar, and unpredictable, with a tendency to produce substantial obstacles that, for investors, are difficult to overcome; for agricultural FDI to avoid these struggles, these environmental conditions need to be anticipated and prepared for, with clear strategies painstakingly thought through before any venture physically begins on Russian soil.
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Clark, Brian. "The determinants and impact of foreign direct investment in Russia." Thesis, Brunel University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342842.

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Barz, Michael. "Foreign direct investment and technology transfer : the case of Russia." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262696.

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Nosova, Olga. "The attractiveness of foreign direct investment in Russia and Ukraine : a statistical analysis." Universität Potsdam, 1999. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1207/.

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In this paper a comparative exploration of the potential for foreign investment and real inflow to Russia and Ukraine are examined. The analysis showed that primarily both countries enjoyed significant comparative advantages in attracting foreign capital. Since the foundation of independent states in 1992 attractiveness began to diverge dramatically. This difference is clearly explained by the determination of the Russian government to reform the economy earlier than the Ukrainian government. The transition to a market economy is closely connected with the development of a favorable investment climate in both countries. It includes the foundation of a stable system of property rights and a conducive legal environment.
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Books on the topic "Investments, Foreign – Russia"

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Bradshaw, Michael. Regional patterns of foreign investment in Russia. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1995.

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McDonald, Joel M. Business operations in Russia. [Washington, D.C.]: Tax Management Inc., 2005.

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1951-, Artisien-Maksimenko Patrick, and Adzhubeĭ I͡U︡ V, eds. Foreign investment in Russia and other Soviet successor states. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan Press, 1996.

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Tiusanen, Tauno. The Investment climate in Russia. Lappeenranta: Lappeenranta University of Technology, 2001.

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Broadman, Harry G. Where has all the foreign investment gone in Russia? Washington, D.C: World Bank, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Sector Unit, 2001.

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McMillan, Carl H. Foreign investment in Russia: Soviet legacies and post-Soviet prospects. Ottawa, Canada: Centre for Research on Canadian-Russian Relations, Carleton University, 1994.

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Gateway Seminar (1993 Fall Middlebury, Vt.). Launching, financing, and protecting business ventures in Russia. Middlebury, Vt: Geonomics Institute, 1993.

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Kuznet͡sov, A. I. Foreign investment in contemporary Russia: Managing capital entry. New York: St Martin's Press, 1994.

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Alan, Robinson. Russia and its banking system. London: Euromoney Publications PLC, 1995.

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Geonomics Business Development Forum (1995 New York, N.Y.). Emerging capital markets in Russia: Mid-year update. Middlebury, Vermont: Geonomics Institute, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Investments, Foreign – Russia"

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Ivanova, N. I., and P. A. Ivliev. "Foreign Direct Investments in Russia Under Digital Transformation Accelerated by Covid-19." In Digital Technologies in the New Socio-Economic Reality, 459–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83175-2_57.

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Bannikova, Natalia, Natalia Vorobyova, Yulia Orel, and Daria Gracheva. "The Financial Resources’ Influence on Functioning of Organizations with Foreign Investments in Russia." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 655–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15160-7_66.

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Petuhova, Svetlana, Alexander Vronetz, and Wolfgang Pfaffenberger. "Regulation of the Telecommunication Sector in Russia: Direct Foreign Investments and Options for Competition." In Towards Competition in Network Industries, 189–232. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60189-7_10.

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Kalotay, Kalman. "Foreign Investment." In The Contemporary Russian Economy, 247–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17382-0_13.

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Kuznetsov, Andrei. "Investment Climate and Investment Risk." In Foreign Investment in Contemporary Russia, 78–111. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230379282_4.

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Fischer, Paul. "Russia and its Competitor LEMs." In Foreign Direct Investment in Russia, 356–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977590_12.

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Fischer, Paul. "Framework Conditions for Foreign Investors." In Foreign Direct Investment in Russia, 467–80. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977590_16.

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Fischer, Paul. "Salient Features of FDI in Russia." In Foreign Direct Investment in Russia, 315–38. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977590_10.

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Fischer, Paul. "Introduction: Background and Rationale of the Study." In Foreign Direct Investment in Russia, 1–15. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977590_1.

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Fischer, Paul. "Strategic State Guidance for FDI." In Foreign Direct Investment in Russia, 341–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977590_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Investments, Foreign – Russia"

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Gribauskas, O. E., and E. S. Rychkova. "PROBLEMS OF INVESTMENT SECURITY OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT." In CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF RUSSIA AND CHINA. Amur State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/medprh.57.

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"Analysis of the Dynamics and Structure of Foreign Investments in Russia." In Interexpo GEO-Siberia. Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18303/2618-981x-2018-2-222-227.

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Kuznecova, Elena, Roman Kudinov, and Anguelina Golubova. "STARTUPS IN RUSSIA." In Economy of Russia: problems, trends, forecasts. au: AUS PUBLISHERS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_61cc296c3d87e5.57144088.

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These days, startups are playing an increasing role in the development of the country's national economy and its economic stability. They are based on a risky and innovative nature. The development of startups in Russia serves to support its economy and increase its innovation potential. It is necessary to structurally investigate and develop the domestic venture market, which will open the way to the international market and foreign investments in the future
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Padalka, A. A., and T. V. Sokolenko. "NEW PROJECTS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY OF THE REGION: OPPORTUNITIES FOR ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENTS." In RUSSIA AND CHINA: A VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT. Amur State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/rc.2019.2.99.

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Gazioğlu, Şaziye, and Fatoş Otcuoğlu. "The Central Asian Countries and the Energy Sector: Economics, Politics and Legal Aspects." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00434.

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This paper is written with aim of investigating the importance of the natural resources within the Central Asian energy sector. The geopolitics position of the Central Asian Countries place them in the centre of conflicting powers; that is to say, on the one hand they are providing energy to Europe and USA, and on the other hand they are next to China, which has the highest and growing demand for energy consumption. In political arena, China accordingly seeks to prevent the independence of East Turkistan, which has historical links to Turkistan (West) in Russia. In this regard, we examine the energy policies and trade between states, and we particularly focus on the gas and oil pipelines from said countries to Europe. We also examine the demand from Caucasian and the Central Asian Countries by European, and Pacific Countries and, as well as, the USA. Correspondingly, we discuss the political conflicts upon the energy investments, and mainly concentrate on the investments in Central Asian and Commonwealth of Independent States (“CIS”), and the political risks and legal disputes relating to foreign energy investment and stability implications in this regard.
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Karluk, S. Rıdvan. "Effects of Global Economic Crisis on Kyrgyzstan Economy and Developments in Economic Relations between Turkey and Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00239.

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The global crisis which started in September 2008 adversely affected many global economies and also Kyrgyzstan economy. Kyrgyzstan economy which declined and experienced a severe recession in 2009 due to the crisis started recovering from the adverse effects of the crisis after 2010. What lie beneath this positive development is increased foreign exchange revenues abroad and vigor experienced in construction industry and industrial production. The recovery experienced in economies of Russia and neighbor Kazakhstan resulted in increased exports and thus increased revenues in foreign currencies obtained from foreign countries. The political disturbances experienced in Bishkek in April 2011 and ethnic conflicts experienced in southern Kyrgyzstan in June 2011, created an adverse effect on the economy. The crisis resulted in degradation of investment environment, adversely influenced the foreign investments and increased the current account deficit. These developments adversely influenced the banking sector too. The government attempted to diminish effects of the crisis through financial incentives. The budget deficit emerged as a result of crisis was attempted to be closed through support secured from International Monetary Fund (IMF). IMF, World Bank and Asian Development Bank lent great support to invigorating Kyrgyzstan economy after events of April and July. According to IMF, if political instability goes on in Kyrgyzstan in medium and long term, economic problems shall continue. Uncertainties in banking sector are amongst the main factors which increase the economic risks. Recovery of Kyrgyzstan economy is dependent on medium term financial policy measures to be applied to the economy and balancing the foreign trade.
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7

Kartal, Burak. "Examining the Turkish-Russian Trade Relations after Russia’s World Trade Organization Accession." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00817.

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Turkey and the Russian Federation (RF) have deep historical political and economic relations. The trade between the two countries have been growing since late 1980s when Turkey began to procure natural gas from Russia. The dissolution of USSR and the revival of Russian economy offered new opportunities for Turkish businessmen. During the last decade, Russia became one of the few major markets for Turkish construction and contractor companies whereas Turkey has been a favorable touristic destination for Russians. The agreements regarding Akkuyu nuclear power plant and natural gas pipelines have strengthened the ties between the two countries. In 2012, Russia became the 156th member of the WTO. Russia’s WTO accession, along with the country’s other economic cooperation and integration moves provide foreign companies interested in Russia with a better investment climate and business environment. Having competitive advantage in many goods and services categories needed by Russia, Turkish companies should benefit the new developments in RF and increase their business volumes in that country. This paper examines the current trade relations between RF and Turkey in detail considering the potential effects of RF’s WTO membership.
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Karatalov, Omurbek. "Open Economy and Economic Integration within the Framework of Eurasia." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00633.

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The Kyrgyz Republic economy openness is studied within the framework of the Eurasia. Insufficient level of the financial and economic standing of Kyrgyzstan is clarified. Reasons for Governmental regulating use in the area of monetary, tax and budget policy in USA have been set up. Conditions of the development of industrial countries economy are under consideration. The necessity of financialisation of all capital of country is defined. Kyrgyzstan public budget’s permanent deficiency formation reasons are studied. A necessity of integration economic relations development within the framework of Eurasia is offered. A necessity of sustainable economic relations establishment as well as finding solution for external debt between Kyrgyzstan and Russia have been justified. It is recommended to strengthen effective fight against a scale corruption, «shadow» economy and criminalization of economy and finances. The increase of efficiency and responsibility of top managers of the public administration level have been offered. The necessity of the independent mastering of own gold-mining fields is justified. The need to attract the foreign direct investments to the area of mining and processing industry have been offered. Within the framework of acceleration of economic integration. Needs for the development of exploring and processing of hydrocarbons as well as building of large economic entities especially the hydroelectric power stations, namely Kambar-Ata-1 Hydro-Power Plants have been suggested. By this it is also suggested to Russia to develop this as strategic partner of Kyrgyzstan. Creation of integral customs system and energy cooperation suggested. It should be supported by establishment of unique equivalent among Eurasia states. By this it is to be possible to find acceptable solutions in finance and economy and to form a united economic cooperation considering a sovereignty of each state. It is necessary to develop the identical financial reporting of point-of-sale and payment balances, balance of international investments, compliable national republics and on the whole on Eurasia. To walk away from the calculation and actual use of dollar of the USA in finance and economic operations. Based on econometric prognosis of gross internal product and the public budget of Kyrgyzstan is made calculating on the per to 2025 year.
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Orzhakhovskaya, Irina Yu, Irina V. Koltyreva, Aleksandr V. Ponomarev, and Maria P. Glyzina. "Adaptation of the national tax policy in the context of Russia’s foreign policy activity in the international arena." In Sustainable and Innovative Development in the Global Digital Age. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.mnhy8010.

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The purpose of this study is to identify patterns and processes of adaptation of Russia’s tax policy under the influence of foreign policy factors due to the current geopolitical situation in the international arena. The foreign policy activity of the Russian Federation makes it possible to set its priorities, determine the formats and set the course for the entire foreign policy of the state, which certainly requires proper organizational and legal institutionalization. That is why the adaptation measures of the Russian tax policy are very important based on modern realities, built on the basis of sanctions pressure from unfriendly countries towards Russia. This study examined all the measures of the Government of the Russian Federation aimed at adapting taxation and building the course of the state’s economic policy in the context of market economy implementation. The ongoing tax policy, which takes into account benefits, deferrals and exemptions from part of the taxation, will allow the development of domestic production, bring it to a new level and stop dependence on foreign investment. Based on the study, a reasonable conclusion was made about the need to maintain a balance between the fiscal and regulatory role of taxation in the context of a slowdown in the growth of the domestic economy due to the influence of the international situation because of Russia’s foreign policy activity.
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Beloshitskiy, A. V. "The role of the government in the development of green financing." In General question of world science. Наука России, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-31-07-2021-13.

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The study focuses on the role of the government in financing the green economy and the development of the market of socially responsible investment. The paper considers the Russian and foreign experience of governmental support of green financing, as well as some tools to stimulate green investments. Conclusions are drawn about the effective configuration of the state and the private sector to stimulate green investments.
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Reports on the topic "Investments, Foreign – Russia"

1

Monetary Policy Report - October 2022. Banco de la República Colombia, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr4-2022.

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1.1 Macroeconomic summary In September, headline inflation (11.4% annually) and the average of core inflation indicators (8.6% annually) continued on a rising trend, and higher increases than expected were recorded. Forecasts increased again, and inflation expectations remained above 3%. Inflationary surprises in the third quarter were significant and widespread, and they are the result of several shocks. On the one hand, international cost and price shocks, which have mainly affected goods and foods, continue to exert upwards pressure on national inflation. In addition to these external supply shocks, domestic supply shocks have also affected foods. On the other hand, the strong recovery of aggregate demand, especially for private consumption and for machinery and equipment, as well as a higher accumulated depreciation of the Colombian peso and its pass-through to domestic prices also explain the rise in inflation. Indexation also contributes, both through the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and through the Producer Price Index (PPI), which continues to have a significant impact on electricity prices and, to a lesser degree, on other public utilities and rent. In comparison with July’s report, the new forecast trajectory for headline and core inflation (excluding food and regulated items) is higher in the forecast horizon, mainly due to exchange rate pressures, higher excess demand, and indexation at higher inflation rates, but it maintains a trend of convergence towards the target. In the case of food, a good domestic supply of perishable foods and some moderation in international processed food prices are still expected. However, the technical staff estimates higher pressures on this group’s prices from labor costs, raw material prices, and exchange rates. In terms of the CPI for regulated items, the new forecast supposes reductions in electricity prices at the end of the year, but the effects of indexation at higher inflation rates and the expected rises in fuel prices would continue to push this CPI group. Therefore, the new projection suggests that, in December, inflation would reach 11.3% and would decrease throughout 2023 and 2024, closing the year at 7.1% and 3.5%, respectively. These forecasts have a high level of uncertainty, due especially to the future behavior of international financial conditions, external price and cost shocks, the persistence of depreciation of the Colombian peso, the pace of adjustment of domestic demand, the indexation degree of nominal contracts, and the decisions that would be made regarding domestic fuel and electricity prices. Economic activity continues to surprise on the upside, and the projection of growth for 2022 rose from 6.9% to 7.9% but lowered for 2023 from 1.1% to 0.5%. Thus, excess demand is higher than estimated in the previous report, and it would diminish in 2023. Economic growth in the second quarterwas higher than estimated in July due to stronger domestic demand, mainly because of private consumption. Economic activity indicators for the third quarter suggest that the GDP would stay at a high level, above its potential, with an annual change of 6.4%, and 0.6% higher than observed in the second quarter. Nevertheless, these numbers reflect deceleration in its quarterly and annual growth. Domestic demand would show similar behavior, with a high value, higher than that of output. This can be explained partly by the strong behavior of private consumption and investment in machinery and equipment. In the third quarter, investment in construction would have continued with mediocre performance, which would still place it at levels lower than those observed before the pandemic. The trade deficit would have widened due to high imports with a stronger trend than that for exports. It is expected that, in the forecast horizon, consumption would decrease from its current high levels, partly as a consequence of tighter domestic financial conditions, lower repressed demand, higher exchange rate pressures on imported goods prices, and the deterioration of actual income due to the rise in inflation. Investment would continue to lag behind, without reaching the levels observed before the pandemic, in a context of high financing costs and high uncertainty. A lower projected behavior in domestic demand and the high levels of prices for oil and other basic goods that the country exports would be reflected in a reduction in the trade deficit. Due to all of this, economic growth for all of 2022, 2023, and 2024 would be 7.9%, 0.5%, and 1.3%, respectively. Expected excess demand (measured via the output gap) is estimated to be higher than contemplated in the previous report; it would diminish in 2023 and could turn negative in 2024. These estimates remain subject to a high degree of uncertainty related to global political tension, a rise in international interest rates, and the effects of this rise on demand and financial conditions abroad. In the domestic context, the evolution of fiscal policy as well as future measures regarding economic policy and their possible effects on macroeconomic imbalances in the country, among others, are factors that generate uncertainty and affect risk premia, the exchange rate, investment, and the country’s economic activity. Interest rates at several of the world’s main central banks continue to rise, some at a pace higher than expected by the market. This is in response to the high levels of inflation and their inflation expectations, which continue to exceed the targets. Thus, global growth projections are still being moderated, risk premia have risen, and the dollar continues to gain strength against other main currencies. International pressures on global inflation have heightened. In the United States, core inflation has not receded, pressured by the behavior of the CPI for services and a tight labor market. Consequently, the U.S. Federal Reserve continued to increase the policy interest rate at a strong pace. This rate is expected to now reach higher levels than projected in the previous quarter. Other developed and emerging economies have also increased their policy interest rates. Thus, international financial conditions have tightened significantly, which reflects in a widespread strengthening of the dollar, increases in worldwide risk premia, and the devaluation of risky assets. Recently, these effects have been stronger in Colombia than in the majority of its peers in the region. Considering all of the aforementioned, the technical staff of the bank increased its assumption regarding the U.S. Federal Reserve’s interest rate, reduced the country’s external demand growth forecast, and raised the projected trajectory for the risk premium. The latter remains elevated at higher levels than its historical average, within a context of high local uncertainty and of extensive financing needs from the foreign sector and the public sector. All of this results in higher inflationary pressures associated to the depreciation of the Colombian peso. The uncertainty regarding external forecasts and its impact on the country remain elevated, given the unforeseeable evolution of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, of geopolitical tensions, and of the tightening of external financial conditions, among others. A macroeconomic context of high inflation, inflation expectations and forecasts above 3%, and a positive output gap suggests the need for contractionary monetary policy, compatible with the macroeconomic adjustment necessary to eliminate excess demand, mitigate the risk of unanchoring in inflation expectations, and guarantee convergence of inflation at the target. In comparison with the July report forecasts, domestic demand has been more dynamic, with a higher observed output level that surpasses the economy’s productive capacity. Headline and core inflation have registered surprising rises, associated with the effects of domestic and external price shocks that were more persistent than anticipated, with excess demand and indexation processes in some CPI groups. The country’s risk premium and the observed and expected international interest rates increased. As a consequence of this, inflationary pressures from the exchange rate rose, and in this report, the probability of the neutral real interest rate being higher than estimated increased. In general, inflation expectations for all terms and the bank’s technical staff inflation forecast for 2023 increased again and continue to stray from 3%. All of the aforementioned elevated the risk of unanchoring inflation expectations and could heighten widespread indexation processes that push inflation away from the target for a longer time. In this context, it is necessary to consolidate a contractionary monetary policy that tends towards convergence of inflation at the target in the forecast horizon and towards the reduction of excess demand in order to guarantee a sustainable output level trajectory. 1.2 Monetary policy decision In its September and October of 2022 meetings, Banco de la República’s Board of Directors (BDBR) decided to continue adjusting its monetary policy. In September, the BDBR decided by a majority vote to raise the monetary policy interest rate by 100 basis points (bps), and in its October meeting, unanimously, by 100bps. Therefore, the rate is at 11.0%. Boxes 1 Food inflation: a comparison with other countries
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