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1
Tripathi, Swastika, Manjula Jain, and Viksit Tripathi. "Greenfield Investments: An Economic and Financial Key Driver for India’s Growth." Management and Economics Research Journal 5 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2019.739951.
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Since ages, India has held the flagship of being prosperous, economically viable, financially sound, rich in resources, and diverse in traditional and cultural aspects, yet has never failed to cater to the needs of crores of citizens. The economic factors and flow of financial wherewithal have pushed Indian economy to the brighter side of development. However, the growth aspects led to a significant decrease in the climatic and weather conditions and therefore an urgent need to mend up the environmental issues. Greenfield investments were sought as remedial measure to sustain the issues of environment as well as economic and financial feasibility in the form of investments. Investment is a gizmo for creating wealth by employing funds with an intention of achieving additional income or growth in the value and gets rewarded by return. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is such an investment wherein foreign investors make their funds employable in the foreign-based company either through greenfield investments, brownfield investments, or through portfolio investment. In Indian context, overseas investments can be made either through automatic route or through Reserve Bank of India and Government of India. The highlight of this paper is the significance of greenfield investments in the developmental aspects of Indian economy.
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Ergashovich, Ochilov Bekhzod. "Increasing Foreign Investments in the Extractive Industry of Uzbekistan’s Economy: Economic and Legal Aspects of Improving Efficiency." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, SP7 (July 25, 2020): 2346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp7/20202363.
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BELLAQA, Bashkim, and Halil Bajrami. "Foreign Direct Investment, Management and Their Role in Economic Development - Kosovo Case." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 8, no. 3 (August 21, 2019): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/jfbs.v8i3.833.
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One of the important aspects of a country's economic development is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), these investments impact on economic development and improve social aspects. At the international level as well as at the country level, FDI has a relevant significance which as an issue is related to the sustainable management policy that makes the country more attractive in absorbing FDI. The purpose of this paper is to present the trends of FDI in the Western Balkan countries with an open look in Kosovo and their comparison, investment policy management, GDP FDI correlation and comparison of the trends of the remittances .Firstly in the introduction of this paper there is a theoretical review of the literature on the definitions of FDI in the economic aspect. Secondly, FDI has been presented and compared over the years in the Western Balkans countries with a vacant look in Kosovo. Third, it analyzes the FDI trends in Kosovo based on the country of origin of these investments, etc. Fourth, in the framework of this research paper, country-level management policies were analyzed in terms of creating an incentive environment for FDI. Fifth, as part of this paperwork, there are also empirical analysis of the correlations between FDI and GDP in the case of Kosovo, etc.
Keywords:
One of the important aspects of a country's economic development is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), these investments impact on economic development and improve social aspects. At the international level as well as at the country level, FDI has a relevant significance which as an issue is related to the sustainable management policy that makes the country more attractive in absorbing FDI. The purpose of this paper is to present the trends of FDI in the Western Balkan countries with an open look in Kosovo and their comparison, investment policy management, GDP FDI correlation and comparison of the trends of the remittances .Firstly in the introduction of this paper there is a theoretical review of the literature on the definitions of FDI in the economic aspect. Secondly, FDI has been presented and compared over the years in the Western Balkans countries with a vacant look in Kosovo. Third, it analyzes the FDI trends in Kosovo based on the country of origin of these investments, etc. Fourth, in the framework of this research paper, country-level management policies were analyzed in terms of creating an incentive environment for FDI. Fifth, as part of this paperwork, there are also empirical analysis of the correlations between FDI and GDP in the case of Kosovo, etc.
Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Investment Policy Management, Correlations, Remittances
JEL classification: F21, M12, C33, F24
JEL classification: F21, M12, C33, F24
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Belikova, Ksenia Mikhailovna. "To the question on the role of foreign investments within the system of international economic relations: legal perspective." Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations, no. 3 (March 2019): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0633.2019.3.30654.
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This article examines the question on the role of foreign investments within the system of international economic relations from the perspective of law. The author analyzes the main and auxiliary goals of an investor and the country-recipient of foreign investments and the country of origin of the investments. The legal-economic concept of “investment/foreign investment” is viewed considering the author’s opinion that investments as such are multifunctional. Different understanding in this regard underline the various aspects of the phenomenon; thereat, the legislators of different countries are guided by their teleological reasons, while representatives of the doctrine – by affiliation to one or another scientific specialty (or school). The scientific novelty lies in articulation of the problem, as well as the approaches towards its studying. The new data regarding the records and information on the role of foreign investments within the system of international economic relations are introduced into the Russian-language discourse. The conclusion is made that the foreign investments are characterizes by versatile functionality, expansion of which is substantiated by the needs of the country-recipient of investments along with the country of their origin.
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Ramaz Otinashvili, Ramaz Otinashvili, Tamar Otinashvili Tamar Otinashvili, and Khvicha Sharashidze Khvicha Sharashidze. "Important Aspects of Region’s Investment Processes Stimulation." Economics 105, no. 4-5 (May 8, 2022): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/4-5/2022-130.
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Investments are considered the most effective means of business recovery. A favorable investment climate is formed by the normative-legal and economic activity of the state. Accordingly, the article discusses the main directions of state regulation of investment activity. Limited investment resources are a major challenge for the effective development of the region, implementation of strategic goals and objectives. Its solution largely determines the modernization of business, which determines the development of the region and its investment attractiveness. Investments should be attracted in such areas of business, the realization of which will contribute to the development of the regions. In this regard, the most promising fields in Georgia are: tourism, energy, construction, agriculture, transport and communications. Taking into account national-state interests, the volume of investments in the structure of foreign investments should be increased, which will be directed to the revival and development of production. Integrated territorial investment measures must meet the different and diverse needs of different territories. Keywords: Business, Region, Investments, Competitiveness, Infrastructure, inflation.
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Shaqiri, Mentor, Orhan Çeku, and Ismajl Mehmeti. "The Legal Aspect and the Economic Perspective of the Foreign Direct Investment." Mednarodno inovativno poslovanje = Journal of Innovative Business and Management 12, no. 2 (November 3, 2020): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32015/jibm.2020.12.2.4.38-48.
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Foreign Direct Investment (hereinafter referred to as FDI) are an important segment of economic-financial activity in the national economy. Being so important they deserve special attention from the politicians as well as an analytical review in scientific terms. Foreign Direct Investment are one of the key factors for promoting the country's sustainable economic development. They have economic and financial impact but their legal aspect is also very important. This paper elaborates the concept of foreign direct investment, their impact on the national economy and the legal basis of foreign direct investment. As an analytical case is used the Republic of Kosovo, whose institutions are creating policies and are adopting laws for an appropriate environment that affects the attraction of foreign investors and investments. The focus of this paper is the analysis of the concept of FDI, the legal infrastructure, the factors that impact the attraction of investments, and their role in the economic development of the country. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the role and importance of foreign direct investment for national economic development as well as the legal security of investments in the Republic of Kosovo. In the elaboration of the paper was used the literature of foreign authors, statistical reports of local and international institutions as well as local legislation dealing with the regulation of this issue. The main methods used are: descriptive methods, methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical methods, legal methods and comparative methods.
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Galistcheva, Natalia V., and Yulia A. Ilicheva. "Special aspects of investment cooperation between India and ASEAN countries in the modern period." RUDN Journal of Economics 28, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 288–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2020-28-2-288-299.
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India examines relations with ASEAN countries as one of the priority vectors of the modern foreign economic strategy South - South. The purpose of the article is to analyze one of the most important aspects of Indian economic relations with the countries of Southeast Asia - investment cooperation. The article covers a wide range of analytical methods: statistical analysis, forecasting, comparison, theoretical generalization, statistical data processing, and also abstract-logical analysis (for systematization and generalization of the main areas of investment interaction). The indicators of Indian foreign direct investment to ASEAN, including country-wise distribution, and the associations foreign direct investment to the republic are analyzed in detail. The authors consider in detail various aspects of intercountry investment interaction. The association is the main focus for Indian investments abroad and a significant investor to the republic, as demonstrated by stable bilateral economic relations. In general, investment cooperation seriously contributes to the development of relations between India and ASEAN.
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Vukajlović, Milica, Tamara Milenković Kerković, and Dragana Radenković Jocić. "The Influence of Foreign Direct Investment Treatment in Domestic Legislation on the Economic Development of the Republic of Serbia." Economic Themes 58, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 501–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ethemes-2020-0028.
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Abstract Serbia has been following a policy of subsidizing foreign direct investments since 2006 and it pays great attention to this type of investment capital in the field of development of our economy. Whether this can be considered as justified is a question to which this paper aims to provide an answer. Do the positive aspects of foreign direct investment necessarily come to the leading position in the country importing capital? The analysis of the positive effects of foreign direct investments on the economy of the host country shows that the multiple benefits of such attracted capital certainly exist, but that their manifestation is not unconditional and will depend on numerous factors. Due to the fact that the subsidy policy is current, the criteria for granting state incentives defined by the current regulation should be set so as to contribute to the manifestation of positive effects of foreign direct investments on the Serbian economy. However, their analysis shows that this is not the case. In addition, the impact that foreign direct investment has had on the Serbian economy indicates that the subsidy policy has not given the expected results. Having this in mind, the impact that the treatment of foreign direct investments in domestic legislation has on the economic development of the Republic of Serbia cannot be assessed as satisfactory.
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Blagoev, D. "INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES AND THEIR IMPORTANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONS IN THE COUNTRY (FOLLOWING THE EXAMPLE OF SPECIFIC REGIONS)." Trakia Journal of Sciences 18, Suppl.1 (2020): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2020.s.01.057.
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The purpose of this article is to identify the investment activity of industrial companies and the dynamics of foreign direct investment in a particular region of the country, to trace their dynamics in comparison with the general economic development of the region and to identify as a result the stimulating and/or limiting factors influencing on domestic and foreign investment. Methods such as literature review, observation, comparison, expert review, etc. are used to accomplish the set tasks and to achieve the set main goal. To achieve this goal, the following specific tasks are solved: (1) Defining theoretical and methodological aspects of investments; (2) A parallel between growth and development at both firm and regional levels has been drawn; (3) Identification of foreign investments in the region for a specified period of time; (4) Comparative analysis between the investment activity and the rate of change of the economic development of the region; Conclusions are presented about the main advantages and the respective limitations of the type of investments and differences in regional development.
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Shabanova, Lyudmila Borisovna, and Irina Gennadievna Morozova. "Prospects for investment development in Russia and the Muslim world." Национальная безопасность / nota bene, no. 6 (June 2022): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0668.2022.6.38433.
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Ensuring investment attractiveness is one of the most important aspects of a country's economic activity in modern international relations. Foreign investments make it possible not only to ensure expanded social reproduction in the country, but also expand the possibilities of technological and economic development of the state.The purpose of the work is to analyze foreign direct investment in the Russian Federation in general and the Republic of Tatarstan in particular. The analysis and evaluation of statistical data revealed a reduction in the number of projects involving foreign direct investment in Russia in 2017-2020. In modern conditions, it is necessary to recognize the decline in the investment attractiveness of Russia from investors in the United States and Europe, which may lead to an even greater compression of foreign investment flows. An alternative to foreign investments from the United States of America and Europe can be foreign investments from the countries of the Muslim world. Already today, Russia has friendly relations with the countries of the Muslim world, in addition, there are entire regions with a high density of Muslim population living on the territory of the Russian Federation. Thus, the Republic of Tatarstan, which is already one of the most investment-attractive regions of the Russian Federation and occupies the 3rd place in the list of regions of the Russian Federation most in demand among foreign investors, could play an important role in increasing the number of foreign direct investment.
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Dimitrijević, Duško. "Chinese Investments in Serbia—A Joint Pledge for the Future of the New Silk Road." Baltic Journal of European Studies 7, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 64–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2017-0005.
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Abstract Following the political changes in 2000, Serbia has rapidly started to catch up with the countries of Central and Eastern Europe in various aspects of the transition process. One of these very important aspects were foreign investments, both ‘direct’ and ‘portfolio’ ones, that had a significant impact on the development of Serbian economy by recovering economic structure and raising competitiveness in world markets, followed by improving the balance of payments and technological, scientific and managerial base. Foreign investments as an “economic engine” enable accelerated realization of national economic goals which include re-industrialization and renewal of industrial capacity. The openness of the Serbian market and the lack of financial resources allow China and other states concerned under favourable conditions invest in the development of Serbian economy. In this way, Chinese investments have become a driving force for the promotion of economic and other relations between the two countries. On the other hand, however, Chinese investments have proven to be an ideal test for the realization of the objectives of the development strategy of the ‘New Silk Road’ which among other things include the improvement of China’s position on world markets, including the EU market. For the proper understanding of Sino-Serbian relations, this study first gives a short explanation of the Chinese strategy of the New Silk Road. Then, it includes an analysis of Serbia’s position towards China. Analysis of the development of Serbian-Chinese economic relations, especially in the field of foreign investment and within the framework of multilateral cooperation mechanism ‘16+1’, occupies the central part of the study. The study concludes with an evaluation of comparative advantages and certain disadvantages for the Chinese foreign investment in Serbian economy, which in itself has certain significance for the realization of the New Silk Road strategy.
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Cao, Xun. "Domestic Economic Policies, Political Institutions, and Transnational Portfolio Investments." Business and Politics 11, no. 1 (April 2009): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1469-3569.1232.
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For many, transnational capital is one of the most important driving forces of economic globalization; yet, we know little about what determines cross-border portfolio investments. In addition to recent economic literature's focus on information asymmetries as one key determinant of cross-border investment, this study brings in a political aspect to the field of international trade in assets. The –race to the bottom’ thesis connects domestic economic policies to investment decisions and argues that capital is more likely to move towards economies characterized by economic liberalism; political institutions are also relevant for portfolio investments, because democratic institutions often provide more credible protection against predatory practices. In this study, I model bilateral portfolio investments as a function of economic policies, political institutions, and levels of transparency of sending and receiving countries as well as important international connections. Empirical findings indicate the importance of transparency to attract portfolio investments. Moreover, transnational portfolio investments are only sensitive to some fiscal policy indictors and only within the OECD countries. Therefore, for non-OECD countries, there is still ‘room to move’ in maneuvering different aspects of fiscal policies. Finally, I find that investors care about the nature of political institutions as democratic institutions tend to be associated with higher levels of portfolio investment inflows. This is good news for developing countries that have undergone or are in the process of democratization. In addition to democratizing for peace, increased foreign capital further incentivizes a progression towards democratization.
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Fedorova, Marina Nikolaevna. "Attracting foreign investors to sustainable development projects in Russia." Social'naja politika i social'noe partnerstvo (Social Policy and Social Partnership), no. 12 (November 21, 2021): 928 (953)—935 (958). http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pol-01-2112-05.
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This article analyzes foreign direct investment in the economy of the Russian Federation by direct investment instruments (according to the principle of orientation). Direct investments are investments made by legal entities and individuals who fully own an organization or control at least 10% of the shares or the authorized (pooled) capital of the organization. Foreign investors can bring scientific and technological progress and advanced management experience to the country. The purpose of the study is to identify and demonstrate the factors that hinder the development of direct investment activity of foreign investors in Russia. The author presents possible tools for the transformation of financial resources of economic entities, including foreign investments. The key directions of increasing the investment activity of foreign investors in the Russian market have also been developed and proposed. The research methodology consisted of the use of general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis of information, economic analysis, the method of abstract logical cognition, which allows, through retrospective analysis, to generalize the theoretical aspects of investment behavior and financial literacy. The work uses the scientific results of Russian scientists posted in electronic scientific resources with open access. English version of the article on pp. 953-958 is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/attracting-foreign-investors-to-sustainable-development-projects-in-russia/77432.html
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Jang, Jae Young, and Erdal Atukeren. "Sustainable Local Currency Debt: An Analysis of Foreigners’ Korea Treasury Bonds Investments Using a LA-VARX Model." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (June 30, 2019): 3603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133603.
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Foreign investors’ interest in Korean local currency bonds, and especially in Korea Treasury Bonds (KTBs) has increased significantly since the mid-2000s. This paper examines the determinants of foreign investors’ KTB investments by means of a lag-augmented vector autoregressive model with exogenous variables (LA-VARX). The model specification includes variables capturing the domestic, international, and risk factors. The risk factors are especially important in the context of South Korea since geopolitical tensions and economic policy uncertainty might adversely affect all investment decisions by foreigners. We find that expected return rates, country default risks, and global economic conditions have a significant impact on foreign investors’ KTB investment, but geopolitical risks have only a short-term negative impact. Our findings not for only provide a better understanding of the determinants of financial investments in South Korean financial markets, but they have broader implications in terms of the economic and social aspects of sustainability in South Korea. This is because KTBs provide a source of funding for the South Korean government for social projects and that KTBs are also held largely by long-term investors such as pension funds and insurers which require sTable Snd sustainable investments.
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Navoi, A. "Foreign Direct Investments: The Indirect Way to Economy." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 11 (November 20, 2007): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2007-11-63-75.
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The article analyzes the situation with attraction of foreign direct investments (FDI) into the Russian Federation. Sharply increased inflow of international financial resources into national economy has highlighted the problem of definitions, the reasons of this phenomenon and its economic contents. The article considers methodological aspects and economic essence of modern FDI. Special accent is made on the estimation of the situation with their attraction into Russia, FDI structure and effectiveness. The conclusions about basic directions of the increase of their effectiveness in the Russian economy are formulated.
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Petrov, Alexander, Maria Baynova, and Jialihasi Jiaerheng. "Features of Russian and Chinese Direct Investments in Kazakhstan." Spatial Economics 18, no. 1 (2022): 148–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2022.1.148-167.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of current theoretical and empirical studies of the socio-institutional environment of Russian and Chinese direct investments in Kazakhstan. One of the features of foreign direct investment is the fact that foreign investor companies are always forced to adapt as effectively as possible to the socio-institutional environment of the country where they invest funds. Foreign direct investment is an important factor in the modernization of production and economic development, can contribute to the growth of employment and income of the population. In fact, they show how much foreign investors trust the economy of a particular country, and for Kazakhstan it is also an important indicator of the role of Russia and China in its modern economic development. The results of modern investment research allow us to conclude that there is increasing competition between Russia and China in the promotion and implementation of investment projects in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. However, the success of these projects depends not only on the effectiveness of the efforts of governments and corporations aimed at promoting them in the region as a whole, but also on how these investments are perceived by the Kazakh society. The article analyzes the different points of view of modern Kazakh, Russian, Chinese and Western researchers analyzing the specifics of the relationship between society and business with the state in the globalizing economy of Kazakhstan, economic and historical factors, socio-institutional aspects of reducing compliance risks and features of labor organization that determine the stability and sustainability of economic development
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Potapov, D. A. "International Aspects of Investment Liberalization in the PRC: A Case of EU-China Cooperation." Moscow University Bulletin of World Politics 13, no. 3 (October 28, 2021): 190–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.48015/2076-7404-2021-13-3-190-224.
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The paper examines the role of investment cooperation and national foreign investment regime as a means to promote China’s economic and political interests and to respond to new global challenges that the country faces nowadays. To this end, the author examines the main stages of China’s liberalization of the legal regime for foreign investment from the end of the 1970s with a special focus on a new foreign investment law. In doing so the author attempts to link the evolution of investment regulation in the PRC with the dynamics of international relations development and the changing role of China as a regional and global actor. The author emphasizes that a trend towards the emergence of a polycentric world order not only provokes the rise of international tensions but also provides new incentives to promote dialogue and enhance cooperation between states and non-governmental actors, particularly by encouraging foreign investments. At the same time, there is a growing need to improve regulatory mechanisms for direct foreign investments. All these contradictory trends have directly affected China’s foreign investment regime reform. In this context the investment cooperation between the PRC and the European Union is of particular importance. The EU possesses a set of innovative technological solutions and competencies that are of particular interest to the Chinese leaders in the context of their efforts to modernize the country’s economy. The paper examines the volume, dynamics and key directions of investment flows between China and the EU member-states. The fact that after seven years of difficult negotiations, the EU and China managed to develop a special bilateral regulatory mechanism — EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment — underscores again the importance of this cooperation for both parties. Even though the EU has suspended the ratification of this deal on the pretext of human right violations in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the author concludes, that in the future this agreement will come into force, since the very logic of the emerging polycentric world order urges for deeper cooperation between the EU and China. In this context, the investment regulation appears not only as a means to protect the Chinese economic interests, but also as an instrument to strengthen China’s international positions in the changing global context.
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Ribeiro, Marilda Rosado de Sá, and Carolina Araújo de Azevedo. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORRUPTION AND FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN BRAZIL: SOME RESPONSES AGAINST CORRUPTION." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 1, no. 1 (May 30, 2018): 39–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.v1i1.34358.
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Mobilizing investment and ensuring that it contributes to sustainable development should be one of the priority targets for all countries. The financial-economic market growth is one of the key features of contemporary society, where social, political, and economic activities easily acquire worldwide dimension. Investment Law focuses various aspects of such drives, among other rule of law in different jurisdictions which faces recent developments, as well as multilateral agreements and the soft law that serves as a background for legal transplants and innovation. The analysis made by investors includes risk evaluation. Among other jurisdictions, Latin America and specially Brazil may be included among the hot spots for investments. Between other topics, corruption rating and scandals are scrutinized by investors, showing a widespread example of the dynamic and speed of worldwide negative impact of such events. As a result, fighting corruption has become a policy priority for countries over the past two decades and extensive reform efforts have been launched. Corruption undermines policies and programs that aim to reduce poverty; therefore attacking corruption is critical to achieving poverty reduction, and attracting investments. This article aims to discuss the characteristics of a foreign and international investment and underlines some aspects of corruption; worldwide responses against corruption are also reported, taking into account the fact that the world is globalized and interdependent; An overview of anti-corruption efforts in Brazil is provided.
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Ribeiro, Marilda Rosado de Sá, and Carolina Araújo de Azevedo. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORRUPTION AND FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN BRAZIL: SOME RESPONSES AGAINST CORRUPTION." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 1, no. 1 (May 30, 2018): 39–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.v1i1.p39-72.
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Mobilizing investment and ensuring that it contributes to sustainable development should be one of the priority targets for all countries. The financial-economic market growth is one of the key features of contemporary society, where social, political, and economic activities easily acquire worldwide dimension. Investment Law focuses various aspects of such drives, among other rule of law in different jurisdictions which faces recent developments, as well as multilateral agreements and the soft law that serves as a background for legal transplants and innovation. The analysis made by investors includes risk evaluation. Among other jurisdictions, Latin America and specially Brazil may be included among the hot spots for investments. Between other topics, corruption rating and scandals are scrutinized by investors, showing a widespread example of the dynamic and speed of worldwide negative impact of such events. As a result, fighting corruption has become a policy priority for countries over the past two decades and extensive reform efforts have been launched. Corruption undermines policies and programs that aim to reduce poverty; therefore attacking corruption is critical to achieving poverty reduction, and attracting investments. This article aims to discuss the characteristics of a foreign and international investment and underlines some aspects of corruption; worldwide responses against corruption are also reported, taking into account the fact that the world is globalized and interdependent; An overview of anti-corruption efforts in Brazil is provided.
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Ribeiro, Marilda Rosado de Sá, and Carolina Araújo de Azevedo. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORRUPTION AND FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN BRAZIL: SOME RESPONSES AGAINST CORRUPTION." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 1, no. 1 (May 30, 2018): 39–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.y1n1.p39-72.
Full textAbstract:
Mobilizing investment and ensuring that it contributes to sustainable development should be one of the priority targets for all countries. The financial-economic market growth is one of the key features of contemporary society, where social, political, and economic activities easily acquire worldwide dimension. Investment Law focuses various aspects of such drives, among other rule of law in different jurisdictions which faces recent developments, as well as multilateral agreements and the soft law that serves as a background for legal transplants and innovation. The analysis made by investors includes risk evaluation. Among other jurisdictions, Latin America and specially Brazil may be included among the hot spots for investments. Between other topics, corruption rating and scandals are scrutinized by investors, showing a widespread example of the dynamic and speed of worldwide negative impact of such events. As a result, fighting corruption has become a policy priority for countries over the past two decades and extensive reform efforts have been launched. Corruption undermines policies and programs that aim to reduce poverty; therefore attacking corruption is critical to achieving poverty reduction, and attracting investments. This article aims to discuss the characteristics of a foreign and international investment and underlines some aspects of corruption; worldwide responses against corruption are also reported, taking into account the fact that the world is globalized and interdependent; An overview of anti-corruption efforts in Brazil is provided.
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Bielikova, Alzbeta, and Martina Paliderova. "Impact of foreign direct investments on the economy." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 4 (March 22, 2017): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v3i4.1576.
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The paper evaluates the influence of foreign direct investments on the economy of the Slovak Republic which forms the necessary part of the international capital movement. More often, governments of individual countries consider them to be a tool for increasing competitiveness. Direct foreign investments influence not only the economic, political and social aspects in the host country but in the mother country as well and they play a key role in the economy performance growth.Keywords: foreign direct investments; sector structure of FDI; regional structure of FDI; FDI effects; structure of the economy;
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Petrov, A. M., L. M. Sembieva, N. I. Golysheva, R. A. Ivanov, and N. K. Muravitskaya. "EVALUATION OF CRITERIA FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF REPRESENTATIVE OFFICES OF JAPANESE COMPANIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE NEED TO IMPROVE THEIR EFFICIENCY." BULLETIN 2, no. 390 (April 15, 2021): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1467.53.
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Being one of the most important tools of the national economy, foreign direct investment provides means for production expansion, creating employment opportunities and jobs, accelerating structural changes, improving the country’s financial standing in foreign relations, increasing its foreign exchange reserves, reducing budget holdbacks, and improving its credit rating. In Russia, foreign investments are primarily made through capital contributions by registered foreign residents. According to official reports, in the total annual capital inflows into the Russian Federation, 10 to 12% are attributable to foreign direct investment, 1 to 2% - to indirect investment, and up to 80% - to other investments. The current state of the world economy is characterized by many challenges: from increased competition and a new round of trade wars between major economic powers to a shift in emphasis in approaches to assessing the effectiveness of economic entities from exclusively financial to mainly non-financial, including environmental and social aspects. The corresponding economic conditions, coupled with significant political and economic pressure from a number of countries, sharply raise the issue of developing new approaches to determining the effectiveness of their own activities. Determining the effectiveness of business entities is necessary in order to ensure timely and adequate assessment of their business model from the perspective of key stakeholders and to develop an effective strategy for long-term sustainable functioning in the new business environment. This issue is particularly relevant for those economic entities that implement their activities, including through foreign representative offices. Determining the effectiveness of business entities ' representative offices abroad and evaluating their strategic performance, in addition to differences in approaches to accounting and public reporting, is also complicated by the specifics of the legal status of representative offices of economic entities, as well as the processes of legal regulation of their activities in different countries.
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Bacevac, Srecko, and Nebojsa Pusara. "FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA WITH A SPECIAL FOUNDATION ON BROWNFIELD INVESTMENTS." KNOWLEDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 31, no. 5 (June 5, 2019): 1373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij31051373b.
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Foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries is a significant development factor. The Republic of Serbia, as a country in the transition phase, considers FDI as one of the most important factors for economic development. FDIs from the aspect of investors are also of great importance, especially in the sphere of building confidence of other countries and a favorable economic climate in our country, and in connection with future profitable investments. The benefits of increasing foreign direct investment in Serbia include: initiating technological transfers and spilling into the domestic economy, helping human resources development and management capabilities, contributing to inclusion in international trade and increasing exports, helping to create a more competitive environment, developing a culture of entrepreneurship, for the purpose of economic progress.
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TRUSOVA, Natalia V., Tetiana A. CHERNIAVSKA, Yurii Y. KYRYLOV, Viktoriia H. HRANOVSKA, Svitlana V. SKRYPNYK, and Liubov V. BOROVIK. "Investment Attractiveness of the Economy of the World Countries in the Polystructural Space of Foreign Direct Investments." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 11, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jarle.v11.2(48).35.
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The article deals with the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of ensuring a safety level the investment attractiveness of the world countries economy in the polystructural space of foreign direct investments. In the context of the implementation of investment policy and factors in the field of international investment, an optimization model of the investment attractiveness of the national economy has been developed. The aggregate factors of the investment attractiveness index, which characterize the investment climate, investment activity and the state of economic development of the country, are highlighted. A methodical approach is presented to determine the synergistic impact of foreign direct investment on the country's investment attractiveness indicator. The criteria of normalization of investment attractiveness of the economy of the country by indicators of macroeconomic, monetary and currency status, which are formalized by indicators-stimulators, destimulators and interaction of bilateral boundary constraints are proposed. The criteria of identification of risks and threats of safe and dangerous state of development of the economy of the countries by the methods of prognostic extrapolation of foreign direct investment are taken into account. A comparative assessment of global foreign direct investment flows and global GDP, the value of net sales of cross-border mergers and acquisitions was made. The structure of foreign direct investment by regions of the countries of the world is considered, taking into account their external reserves of investment potential. The indicators of investment attractiveness of the Ukrainian economy and its cooperation with EU countries in terms of the volume of inflow and direct investments are presented. The scenarios for the growth of foreign direct investments in the polystructural space of the world and developing countries are proposed.
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Eteria, Emir. "GLOBALIZATION AND MAIN TRENDS OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE: TRADE AND INVESTMENTS." Globalization and Business 4, no. 8 (December 27, 2019): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.08.010.
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Globalization and its impact on developing and transition economies are among most debated issues in social sciences. Globalization is multidimensional, multipart and multispeed phenomena affecting all countries and nations in the world. However, economic dimension of globalization could be considered as foundation as well as determinant of development of other forms of globalization, including political and social globalization. It is obvious, that economic globalization intensifies cooperation as well as competition on regional and global level and therefore, enhances economic and political interdependence among countries. There are many conflicting approaches towards globalization. However, a leading form of globalization still is neoliberal globalization, while other perspectives are opposing ideas to neoliberal globalization. A fundamental idea of neoliberal economic globalization is socalled “small government” and openness for trade and investment, which has been considered as a necessary precondition for economic development of any nation in the world since 1980s. Noteworthy, that major negative aspects of neoliberal globalization, underlined by “skeptics” are negative effects of neoliberal globalization on trade and investment performance of developing and transition economies. Conducted analysis of trade and investment performance of developing and transition economies demonstrates their growing involvement in globalizing world economy. Ac- cording to data of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), during 1990-2018, exports an- nual average growth rates of developing and transition countries were 9,5% and 8,8% respectively, while exports annual average growth rate of developed countries was 5,7%. More - over, in 1990-2018, imports annual average growth rates of developing and transition countries were 9,3% and 7,7% respectively, while imports average growth rate of developed countries was 5, 9%. It is clear, that besides trade, Foreign Direct Investment is the major indicator to evaluate countries/ country groups’ involvement in globalization. Noteworthy, that between 1990 and 2000 average share of developing countries in world Foreign Direct Investments (inward) was 29,3%, in 2001-2010 was 34, 4%, while in 2011-2018 aver- age share was 44, 2%. In 2018, developing countries share in inward world Foreign Direct Investments was 54, 4%, while developed countries share was 42, 9%. It is clear, that countries/country groups’ involvement in the international capital movement and in globalization processes in general, depends not only on inward Foreign Direct Investments, but also on outward FDIs. In 1990-2000, average share of developing countries in outward FDIs was 10,4%, in 2001-2010 was 14,1%, while in 2011-2018 average share of developing countries in outward world FDIs significantly increased and reached 30,1%. The data underlines an intensification of trade relations of transition and developing countries as well as their increased openness for Foreign Direct Investments and rising share in outward world FDIs. As a result, during 1990-2018, developing and transition countries involvement in globalizing world economy significantly increased via increased trade relations and growing participation in movement of Foreign Direct Invest- ments. Consequently, despite some setbacks, economic globalization remains as the leading characteristic of the world economic development and process of deglobalization is not evident.
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Матросов, Александр, and Alexander Matrosov. "CONTRADICTIONS, PROBLEMS AND SPECIAL ASPECTS OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF THE BANK OF RUSSIA." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2017, no. 3 (September 25, 2017): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2017-3-55-62.
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<p><span>Subject. The paper is devoted to the features of investment activities of the Bank of Russia. Purpose and tasks. The research features the content and the investment activity analysis of the Bank of Russia. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is made by general scientific method and comparative analysis. Results. The carried-out comparative analysis has allowed the author to reveal contradictions and features of investment activities of the Bank of Russia as well as to designate its problems. The author has analyzed the structure of investments of the Bank of Russia and the central foreign banks, the dynamics of investments of the Bank of Russia in securities of foreign issuers and means of the Government of the Russian Federation and specific weight of assets of the central bank in the national banking system. Conclusions and Significance. The research conducted in this article allows one to claim that the Bank of Russia, as a subject of investment activities, displays a number of general and specific contradictions. The fundamental contradiction of investment activities proves to be that between profitability, liquidity and risk. The paper offers some approaches to rationalization of investment activities </span><span>of the Bank of Russia and increase in its efficiency within preservation of a priority of the </span><span>regulating functions over obtaining positive economic effect.</span></p>
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Yalçınkaya, Ömer, and Halil İbrahim Aydın. "The Effects of Inward and Outward Foreign Direct Investments on Economic Growth: Evidence from the G-7 and Selected Emerging Market Economies (1994-2015)." Research in Applied Economics 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/rae.v9i1.10986.
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In this study, the long termed effects of foreign direct (capital) investments inflows and outflows on the economic growth of the economies of developed G-7 countries where the capital mobility is intense and selected emerging market economies (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa and Turkey (EME-7)) are empirically analyzed for the period of 1994-2015 within the scope of the new generation panel data methodology. From this aspect, it is also aimed to economically analyze whether the foreign direct investments inflows and outflows in countries of G-7 and EME-7 have an effect on the economic growth as is seen in the theoretical framework by being considered the capital exporter/importer positions of these countries. Determined in consequence of the study that foreign direct investments inflows/outflows in the countries of G-7 have a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth in the long term. Also determined that the foreign direct investments inflows have a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth in countries of EME-7; while the foreign direct investments outflows have not the same effect on the economic growth. These results which are consonant with the theoretical and empirical literature show that just both foreign direct investments inflows and outflows have a significant role in economic growth on G-7 countries; just foreign direct investments inflows have an important role in economic growth on EME-7 countries at the same time.
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Mikryukov, Aleksey, Tatyana Chilimova, and Anna Serebrennikova. "Investments in green economy as a driving force for sustainable economic development." E3S Web of Conferences 296 (2021): 06037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129606037.
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The paper is devoted to the study of investments in green energy as a driving force for sustainable economic development. The paper highlights the features of sustainable economic development, the relationship between economic development and environment, the goals in the field of sustainable development and current trends in their implementation. The key directions of sustainable economy are identified on the basis of a combination of productive elements of foreign practice and domestic experience available in this area. The theoretical aspects of the concept of “green economy” and its tasks at the present stage are considered. Energy remains the key element in clean technologies. A definition of green investments is given by the authors. Green investments solve the problems of increasing energy efficiency, accelerating the development of renewable energy sources from alternative sources leading to the improved environment. The paper presents the dynamics of investments in green technologies in the Russian Federation and abroad, a brief analysis of the goals and direction of projects in the context of economic and social impact given. The authors conclude that the development of financial instruments and investment instruments is interdependent with the development of green economy and the sustainability of economy.
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Anoshkina, Ekaterina, Elizaveta Markovskaya, Angela Mottaeva, and Asiiat Mottaeva. "Institutional aspect of influence of the foreign direct investments on the economic growth." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 13022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021013022.
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Authors analyze the differences between the influence of the foreign direct investments on the economic growth in the developed and developing countries. For the model of the gross domestic product (GDP) on the foreign direct investments for the developed countries the following data are used: observations for the 10 countries during 1983-2013. For the model of the GDP on the foreign direct investments (FDI) for the developing countries the following data are used: observations for the 11 countries during 1994-2013. Investigators conclude that the influence of the foreign direct investments on the economic growthdefinitely has the positive effect in both cases. However, the degree of this influence depends on the type of the country. The developing countries get the smaller effect from the foreign direct investments because of the non-transparent institutional environment and negative influence of other non-economic factors. These findings provide an opportunity to judge that in developed countries, institutional and economic environment and, most of all, human capital allow you to get the full effect of FDI, that is, as capital accumulation and spill-over effects. In developing countries, there should be thresholds to reduce effects of FDI, such as insufficient human capital and poor economic and institutional environment. Thus, the impact of FDI on economic growth is certainly positive, however the level of this effect depends on country characteristics. That is, the hypothesis that FDI affects developing countries less than developed, due to the existence of thresholds in the form of unhealthy institutional and economic environment were confirmed.
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Vasyl Namoniuk, Vasyl Namoniuk, and Oksana Sbytnieva Oksana Sbytnieva. "REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL FLOWS: THE ROLE OF MEGA-REGIONAL AGREEMENTS." Caucasus-Economic and Social Analysis Journal of Southern Caucasus 08, no. 02 (June 20, 2015): 04–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/cescajsc0802201504.
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Negotiations on mega-regional agreements occupy an increasingly prominent place in the public debate, causing both criticism and support of various parties concerned. The main concern is related to their possible consequences for the contracting parties in terms of opportunities in the regulation and sustainable development. Mega-regional agreements are broad economic agreements between countries that collectively have a significant economic weight, while the issue of investment is one of the key aspects of such agreements. The review of main mega-regional agreements and possible advantages and backwards of their conclusion are considered in the paper. Keywords: foreign direct investments, mega-regional agreements, investment policy.
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Rembeci, Godiva. "Foreign Direct Investments and Their Impacts to Environment, Albania Case." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 8, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v8i1.p247-255.
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FDI is considered as positive factor on economic growth for the hosting country, because of its contribution to the employment growth, productivity, income, transfer of know-how, export promotion of its products in international market, etc. Especially in transition economies FDI compare to other the external flows is an important source for financing the current account deficit and in addition those flows are preferable because do not create debts for the hosting country. So far, the economic impacts of FDIs are almost well measured, but their impacts in other aspects such as environmental or social ones, are less recognizable and measured. By this paper the author aim to measure the share of foreign direct investments in pollution intense industries and their impacts to Albanian environment. The subject of the analysis is the FDI stock by economic activities focusing mostly to those activities determined by OECD as pollution-intensive industries, for the period 2007-2014. Both EUROSTAT and national statistical data produced by Bank of Albania are used to calculate the share of foreign investors’ involvement in pollution-intensive activities. The results show that in Albania, the FDI stock in pollution intense activities has an considerable position on the total FDI stock and its level of participation is higher compare to the EU figures
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Korablin, Serhii. "China: investment ambitions, limitations and opportunities." Ekonomìka ì prognozuvannâ 2019, no. 3 (2019): 138–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/eip2019.03.138.
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The article considers financial aspects of the implementation of the People's Republic of China's international initiative of "One Belt, One Way". China's impressive economic success over the last 30 years has shown how it grew into a major global exporter and investor, gaining the second-country status in terms of national GDP and imports. These changes took place against the backdrop of rapid economic growth and deep structural reforms, which were accompanied by increased output and exports of high value-added products. Under these conditions, the country naturally prefers to reorient the global economic system in such a way that it is more conducive to China's economic, financial and political interests. A key practical tool for implementing such a plan is the One Belt, One Way initiative, which is to ensure simultaneous access to (a) Western technologies, (b) global raw materials markets, (c) infrastructure capacities that should maximize the deliveries of Chinese produce to all corners of the world economy. However, such an ambitious plan requires an extraordinary amount of financial resources. Despite China's considerable international reserves (over $3 trillion), its volume is still insufficient to cope with such a task. Moreover, the country itself needs further assimilation of foreign investment and technology due to the relatively low level of capital intensity of its workforce. China will be able to solve this dilemma if it manages to create a system of "counter investment", that is, attraction and absorption of foreign investments from more technologically developed countries, which are denominated in the main reserve currencies, and simultaneously realize their own foreign investments in Yuan, offering their users deliveries of own products of slightly lower technological complexity than those received from foreign investors. This publication was prepared based on the presentation of "The Belt and Road Initiative - A New Shape of Globalization?" presented at the Institute of World Economics and Policy (IWEP) of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) in May 2019 as part of the International Economic and Economic Conference on "Economic and Trade Cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative: Retrospect and Prospect".
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Zheriborov, Denis S., and Vitaliy N. Pirogov. "Foreign Direct Investment in Russia (Late 1980s - Late 2010s)." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 7 (July 30, 2020): 346–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-7-346-359.
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Foreign direct investment in Russia in a historical aspect are discussed in the article. It is noted that theoretical studies on this issue have led to a better understanding of the economic mechanism and the behavior of various participants in the economic sphere at both the micro and macro levels, which has opened up new areas of research in the field of economics. It is stated that an understanding of why a company initiates foreign direct investment in a particular country or increases their volume, allows us to present the main motives of the management of firms to invest, rather than to export or outsource production to national firms. The purpose of this study is to identify the main trends in foreign direct investment in the Russian Federation in various historical periods. A review of economic indicators on attracted investments, reflected in the relevant economic reports of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, as well as other documents, a periodization of direct foreign investment in the Russian Federation was made. Based on the analysis, the authors propose to consider five periods: from the late 1980s to 1999, from 2000 to 2007, from 2008 to 2013, from 2014 to 2019 and from 2020 to the present, which have their own characteristics. Attention is paid to the fact that foreign direct investment in the Russian Federation during these periods was uneven, due to serious political contradictions in the international arena.
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Alsayd, Auob. "Relationship between foreign direct investments and economic aspect of sustainable development." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) 11, no. 12 (December 24, 2021): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.11.12.2021.p12051.
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Nursultanova, L. N., and A. E. Erkin. "POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION OF KAZAKHSTAN AND THE MIDDLE EAST: HISTORICAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL ASPECT." edu.e-history.kz 31, no. 3 (October 20, 2022): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/2710-3994_2022_31_3_333-343.
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The modern history of Kazakhstan includes cardinal reforms, socio-economic changes, as well as the transformation of the political system. Kazakhstan is a subject of new geopolitical realities and an active factor in the international arena. The multi-vector course of our Republic's foreign policy allows us to pursue a balanced strategy with the international community.The First President of Kazakhstan N.Nazarbayev defined the long-term goal of forming and maintaining constructive relations with thecountries of the near and far abroad. The institutional reforms carried out allowed the European Union toassign Kazakhstan the status of a country with a market economy. The foreign policy of the Republic ofKazakhstan is aimed at implementing a competitive economy,attracting foreign investments that meetnational interests.Kazakhstan has achieved success in the regional economy and participates in global projects, joined the World Trade Organization, is building fruitful and constructive ties with the European Union, the OIC and other international organizations.Kazakhstan's cooperation with the countries of the Near and Middle East has many aspects. Within the framework of one monograph, it is impossible to explore different issues of relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the BSV, which have many directions. Perhaps this will be the task of further scientific research.
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Boute, Anatole. "China’s External Energy Security: Energy Trade and Investment Along the ‘Belt and Road’." Journal of World Investment & Trade 20, no. 2-3 (May 14, 2019): 195–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22119000-12340129.
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Abstract As the world’s largest energy consumer, China’s energy security policies have significant implications for global, regional and national energy governance. However, the legal dimension of China’s external energy security remains understudied, with most attention in the energy law literature focused on EU and US energy security. This Special Issue studies the legal aspects of Chinese external energy cooperation by focusing on energy trade and investment under the ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ – the Chinese foreign policy concept aiming to promote regional and global economic integration through infrastructure interconnectivity. Three research questions govern the Special Issue. How does China’s external energy policy rely on, and impact on, regional and global energy market governance? How does China seek to protect its foreign energy investments? How does China’s external energy policy impact on host countries’ energy and investment laws?
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Kuttor, Dániel. "New drivers of industrialization and novel aspects of Hungarian-Chinese bilateral cooperation. Chinese foreign investments in Hungary." Tér és Társadalom 36, no. 3 (August 23, 2022): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.17649/tet.36.3.3436.
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A number of foreign, partly East Asian producers have made investments into Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county (Northern Hungary) since the millennium. They have contributed to the renewal of the industrial structure and enlargement of manufacturing capacity. In the past decade, the meaning and significance of Chinese investment in the Miskolc agglomeration has increased. Chinese interests have been concentrated in the dominant, export-oriented branches of the regional economy. The companies (namely, Wanhua-BorsodChem, TenPao, SEG-A, JOYSON, and Chervon Auto) comprise a key and real group of members engaged in Hungarian-Chinese bilateral relations. They represent China’s industrial development and expansion around the world and in Europe, as well as strengthen the high-value-added and technology-intensive market segments in the regional economy. The study includes two main parts. In the early sections, the evolution of Chinese economic development with a special focus on industry and industrialization are introduced, while later the related political measures and initiatives are described. Presenting an understanding of the Hungarian government’s reaction (the so-called New Foreign Economic Strategy) is part of the first half of the paper. The Flying Geese Paradigm is the conceptual frame of the synthesis. The key research question concerns the nature of Chinese economic development: Does the development differ from previous East-Asian models of export-oriented industrialization? The author discusses opinions which consider the Chinese developments to be distinct from other Asianones according to their political and market characteristics. In the second half of the article, the Chinese companies settled in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county are evaluated and their regional-level impacts and national-level lessons are identified and assessed. The listed Chinese investments, which differ in financial and legal forms, have emerged as some of the major employers and producers of the region. These considerable investments have accelerated the process of industrial renewal in key branches, although ultimately increasing the exposure and vulnerability of the entire manufacturing structure to external global factors. The Chinese investors are bridging Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén with diverse regions in China, East Asia. They are generating new results and raising new questions about Hungarian-Chinese bilateral cooperation that represent original experiences and knowledge gain for both sides. This work is an attempt to detail the creation of the cluster of Chinese companies and to draw conclusions about the entrepreneurial background, the main activities, and the stories of the respective Asian parent companies. This research will be continued to support the development and embedding of the enterprises. It is crucial effort, as the latter are not only now present but essential for Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and Hungary as well.
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Savic, Ljubodrag. "Foreign direct investments-expected inflow: Reality or great illusion." Privredna izgradnja 45, no. 3-4 (2002): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/priz0203233s.
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For more than ten years the Yugoslav economy and its industry are undergoing a very serious economic crisis, leading not only to a drastic deterioration of all economic performances, but above all to a dramatic exclusion form the world economic flows, being characteristic for the process of globalization and initiated by the world most powerful countries. In the pre-globalization period the firm's expansion was performed through an increased export. In the last three decades a considerable change took place, when instead of their export expansion large companies increasingly began to base strategies of access on foreign markets on direct international investments, new forms of international trade and international agreements and cooperation. The essential problem (possibly even the preliminary one), i.e. a necessary condition for the Yugoslav industry's further development is to find out an appropriate for inclusion into the process of globalization. At this moment his paper's ambitions are a bit more modest. The basic idea is to discuss the distribution of direct foreign investments from the geographic aspect with a somewhat more detailed analysis of the direct foreign investments inflow in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and to look for an answer to the question what are the chances of Yugoslavia to attract a larger amount of direct foreign investments, since their lack would lead to an intensification of the economic crisis, i.e. impossibility of any serious economic development, thus leaving our country to lag behind at the far civilization periphery of the world.
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Grabova, Ol'ga, Aleksandr Suglobov, and Anton Grabov. "Features of the construction of accounting and analytical management models in the construction industry." Russian Journal of Management 8, no. 2 (September 23, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2020-8-2-1-5.
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This article summarizes modern domestic and foreign theoretical aspects and methodological approaches to the analysis of the economic activities of a construction organization. The study summarizes the institutional conditions, exogenous and endogenous factors of the formation and development of economic relations in construction, developed accounting and analytical models for the analysis of investments in connection with the phases of their life cycle and target guidelines for use in business. The multidimensional analysis of economic activity of the subject of economic relations in the construction industry is shown.
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Simatupang, Parhimpunan, and Abdul Razak Chik. "FDI in Tourism Sector and Economic Growth in Sumatra Utara." Winners 15, no. 2 (September 30, 2014): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/tw.v15i2.628.
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Globalization and neo liberal policies such as liberalization and privatization have generated a significant growth for FDI and considered an important source for capital and foreign currency, capable of spurring economic growth in developing countries. One sector that received particular attention, due to its significant contributions towards economic development, especially in Indonesia, is tourism. Tourism investments in Indonesia are mainly focused on the development of fully-integrated resort sites that help boost the construction of tourist facilities such as hotels and the development of the surrounding environment through social and cultural aspects. The total contribution of travel and tourism to GDP was IDR736.3 billion or 8.9% of GDP in 2012. Foreign direct tourism investments grew by 210% between 2011 and 2012, or at an annual compound average growth rate of 38% between 2006 and 2012. While the implications are at national level, not much could be gathered on the local perspectives. This paper intends to explore the implication of FDI in tourism sector towards economic growth in one of tourism attraction provinces in Indonesia—Sumatra Utara. Specifically, which economic factors contributed towards FDI inflows and their impacts on economic growth in Sumatra Utara.
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Лебедев, Константин, Konstantin Lebedev, Ольга Лебедева, and Olga Lebedeva. "Scientific and practical aspects of investment and social development of tourism in the russian federation." Services in Russia and abroad 10, no. 3 (September 21, 2016): 230–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/20114.
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The scientific and practical problems of investment and social development of the tourist industry are investigated. The analysis of condition and tendencies of investment processes development in tourism branch is carried out, as well as priority directions of investment in the national industry of tourism are revealed. It is established that successful development of the tourism industry is impossible without active influence of the state on conditions of its functioning. Participation of the state will consist in development of the actions containing the following: establishment of tax privileges, protection against the double taxation; sale, rent of the ground or objects of infrastructure priced below market rates; direct grants, granting of guarantees under investments with the purpose of attraction of foreign investors. The system of actions in context of creation of the favorable investment environment in tourism sphere is offered. It include establishment of the rate of profit tax for priority directions of activity (incoming and internal tourism); tax exemption of means invested in construction or reconstruction of tourism objects; credit relaxation for making investments with indemnification of difference in rates by the state for firms focused on incoming and internal tourism; adjustment of investment insurance system in tourism and so forth. Complex model of maintenance of tourism industry competitiveness, which takes into account system action of the investment factors providing functioning and development of economic subjects at horizontal level (technologies, infrastructure, competition, demand, adjacent branches), is developed. The given factors are included in uniform vertical of management (national economy - tourism - regional tourist complex - tourism enterprise) and are subordinated to the strategic purpose - to maintenance of tourism sphere competitiveness in system of national economy of the Russian Federation. It is proved that maintenance of steady development of the tourism industry appreciably should be based on infrastructure modernization of tourism and recreational sphere. It is necessary to introduce the special investment mode for assistance to construction and reconstruction of hotels and other objects of a tourism infrastructure that will induce foreign and domestic investors to put means in the tourism industry.
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Haji, Idrees Ramadhan. "The investment environment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq and its effect on attracting investment for the time period (2006-2016)." Journal of University of Human Development 3, no. 3 (August 31, 2017): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v3n3y2017.pp158-183.
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It kicks off search of a problem that it is in spite of the presence of some ingredients key to the economy of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and of the natural, human and financial resources, but there is a lack clear and real investments, whether it is domestic or foreign, so there is an urgent need to create and that are related to encouraging and attractive investment environment largely political, security and economic stability. From this point of research is to analyze the investment environment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, as well as determine aspects of attracting domestic and foreign funds and economic sectors of the capital. To achieve this goal, the research on descriptive analysis and comparative analysis of the reality of the investment environment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq on the basis of the available data and information support. The most important findings of the research that the investment environment in the Kurdistan region of Iraq weak and need a lot of administrative and economic changes in the area of creation of elements to attract local and foreign investment. And then propose a number of proposals from the most important need for government intervention to adopt a clear and appropriate strategies concerning the basic components of the investment environment by giving role and priority to the private sector alongside the public sector, and make some adjustments in the investment law for the benefit of investors on the one hand, and the specificity of the sectors in the Kurdistan Region of On the other hand.
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PLYASKINA, А. I., and K. V. PIGOL. "FEATURES OF ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT USING SCIENTIFIC METHODS OF INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT." Economic innovations 23, no. 3(80) (August 20, 2021): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2021.23.3(80).286-290.
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Topicality. One of the modern features is the growth of economic interdependence of countries in the context of globalization and diversification of commodity, financial, investment and other markets. This trend determines the specifics and features of the development of foreign economic activity, which plays a crucial role in strengthening international integration processes. In the researched scientific works considerable attention is paid to the organization of foreign economic activity, research of aspects of efficiency of management of foreign economic activity.Aim and tasks. In view of this, the main purpose of the study is to systematize approaches to determining the financial management of foreign economic activity and outlining its own vision for the realities of the domestic economy.Research results. Financial management as a system of principles, means and forms of organization of monetary relations of the enterprise, aimed at managing its financial and economic activities, which include: development and implementation of financial policy of the enterprise; information support; evaluation of investment projects and formation of a "portfolio" of investments; current financial planning and control. Evaluation of investment efficiency is central to the process of justification and selection of possible options for investing in investment projects, and therefore is the key to successful investment activities. Among these tools the author singles out: financial planning of financial flows; purchase and sale of currencies to service various transactions; purchase and sale of shares and other securities on international financial markets; operating with own securities in foreign markets; currency risk management. In the scientific literature we also emphasize the concept of international financial management, which is interpreted as a system of economic decisions arising from the implementation of financial management in the internationalization of economic activity of the firm. In our opinion, the proposed definition is too narrow for the concept of international financial management, but it can be used to define the concept of financial management of foreign economic activity. Thus, the concept of financial management of foreign economic activity combines three categories, namely finance, management and foreign economic activity.Conclusion. Management of investment attractiveness of domestic enterprises is based on the analysis of indicators of financial condition, while effective management of financial activity of the enterprise is provided by realization of the basic principles of financial management as a component of the general management of the enterprise. Our study is determined by sound recommendations and suggestions for improving modern methods and introducing more modern approaches to improving the efficiency of enterprise management in the international arena.
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Irkin, M. A., and T. N. Cherepkova. "DIAGNOSTICS AND ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY IN THE REGIONAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION)." Vektor nauki Tol'yattinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya Ekonomika i upravlenie, no. 4 (2020): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18323/2221-5689-2020-4-5-10.
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The increasing role of the economic security of particular regions is characteristic of the present time since the totality of their indicators largely determines the level of national security. Therefore, in management, one should pay significant attention to the issues of increasing economic security in the region. The paper presents the study of economic security indicators in the Novosibirsk region. The authors analyzed some specific indicators and indices necessary for the formation of a comprehensive opinion on the economic security level of the territory, such as real incomes of the population, the employment level, depreciation of fixed assets in the region, the share of foreign investments in the total volume of investments in fixed assets, the growth rate of real incomes, and others. The analysis of economic security indicators allowed identifying some factors that should be given special attention. When managing the economic security of the Novosibirsk region, it is necessary to focus on reducing the population with substandard incomes, increasing the investment activity of citizens, and the attractiveness of the territory for foreign investors. The authors analyzed the level of economic security of the Novosibirsk region. The study revealed both the positive factors in this aspect and some indicators, the value of which causes significant anxiety. Among the positive factors, it is necessary to note the high employment of the population and low unemployment, as well as the indicators showing the R&D investments, which can have a positive effect on the scientific and innovative development of the region. Among the negative indicators, one can note a high level of poverty and low investment activity in the territory.
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BUCHAEV, Ahmed Hamidovich, Zalina Musaevna ABDULLAYEVA, and Magomed Abdulayevich MUSALOV. "Strategy and mechanisms of regulation of foreign investments in the process of globalization. Economic and legal aspects." Право и государство: теория и практика, no. 9 (2021): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.47643/1815-1337_2021_9_200.
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Aleknavičiene, Aušra, and Manuela Tvaronavičiene. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE LITHUANIAN BANKING SECTOR TRANSFORMATION." Journal of Business Economics and Management 7, no. 4 (December 31, 2006): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2006.9636144.
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The paper deals with changes in Lithuanian banking sector, which occurred during the 1996–2005 period. Authors highlight main driving force – foreign direct investments (FDI) into sector. Structure‐conduct‐performance (SCP) approach for sector transformation analysis has been adapted and applied. Change of a set of indicators incorporated into presented variation SCP is being commented. On that basis authors evaluate transformations of banking sector in terms of number and capital origin of market players, sector expansion, concentration and financial performance efficiency. Assumption about more efficient functioning of foreign banks in less developed countries is being discussed; considerations concerning foreign capital impact, taking into account positive and negative plausible facets presented.
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Gritsenko, Sergiy. "Marketing aspects to investment attractiveness of diversified enterprises of aviation transport and logistic clusters." Economics. Ecology. Socium 4, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2020.4.1-6.
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Introduction. Increased competition on the global capital market encourages companies to use marketing tools to stand out from competitors and thus have higher chances of investments attraction. The purpose of the article is to improve the theoretical and methodological foundations of regional logistics clusters formation, and to develop scientific and practical recommendations on the investment attractiveness of diversified enterprises in the aviation cluster of low-budget transportation.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to improve the theoretical and methodological foundations of regional transport and logistics clusters, and to develop scientific and practical recommendations on the investment attractiveness of diversified enterprises in the aviation cluster of low-budget transportation.
Results. Modern conditions of economic development are characterized by accelerating globalization and intensifying competition not only between companies and countries, but also between regions. The competitiveness of Ukraine consists of the competitiveness of the regions, which is formed by active development of economic entities in the respective regions. The competitiveness is characterized by support and development of clusters by consolidating the efforts of the state, business, science and education in priority areas of the regional economy. Besides private investment and commercial loans, the traditional sources of funding for the airport development programs are local budget support and loans, which are targeted at public financing of investment projects. In order to attract private (foreign) investments in airport development it is important to abide to several standards, including liberal administrative and tax policies of both local and public authorities, which encourage private investment initiative; effective antitrust policy of local authorities aimed at maintaining a healthy competitive environment.
Conclusions. In order to form the positive image of the low-budget transportation cluster as a reliable, competent and solvent borrower, it is necessary to properly position the cluster and its offer to investors. The target market segment is the zonal aviation cluster can occupy a dominant position in the market segment of integrated transport services by customizing its strategy to stand out from the existing pool of competitors.
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Gyanwali, Gokarna Prasad. "Special Economic Zones (SEZ): Challenges and Opportunities in Nepal." Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/rnjds.v3i2.34481.
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The Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is that specific geographical area which has economic and other business laws that are more market-oriented than a country’s typical or national laws. It is the region where government provides the special facilities by constructing separate rules and regulations and wants to promote foreign investments and capital for export oriented economy. National laws may be suspended inside a special economic zone. This article describes the different aspects of SEZ in global and national context, policies and present situations of SEZ in Nepal. The overall objective of this article is to find out the present situation of special economic zones of Nepal. The specific objective is to analyze the overall conditions of SEZ, their challenges and opportunities in Nepal. the analytical and descriptive methods are applied in this study. The data used in the study is quantitative which are collected from the economic survey of the ministry of finance, ministry of industry, commerce and supply, World Bank, OECD, SEZ office, published articles and newspapers related to SEZ and reports. In conclusion, to achieve high speed of economic development, to generate employment opportunities and to increase direct foreign investment are the main goals of SEZ. The government of Nepal has implemented formally the concept of Special Economic Zone in 2000 AD and constructed laws, act and policies and implemented after 2017 A D.
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Maslyuk, Iryna, and Hanna Maslyuk. "MODERNIZATION OF THE STAGES OF ECONOMIC AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPONENT INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF UKRAINE." Scientific bulletin of Polissia, no. 2(23) (2021): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2410-9576-2021-2(23)-6-15.
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Abstract. The article analyzes the conceptual foundations for modeling the development of the components of the investment potential of agricultural production, which make it possible to comprehensively evaluate the relevant indicators in order to timely determine, for agricultural entities, priority investment-attractive innovative projects for the future development of the production sphere.It also reflects the development of forecasting models among the mathematical and economic apparatus, which are based on the determination of the stochastic relationship between indicators of trend and cluster analysis, methods of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, models of synergistic and differentiated equations of the logistic type, integral methods, etc. The article develops a classification of criteria for the effectiveness of organizational and economic state regulation of agricultural production.For the analysis of factors, a list of external factors that influence the emergence of structural changes in agricultural production of Ukraine, determining the degree of importance, strength of influence and its direction, based on expert assessment, was formulated. Factors that affect the effectiveness of agricultural production are systematized according to the relevant groups: the level of support through special regimes and mechanisms of taxation, the share of capital investments provided in their total volume to agricultural production, the dynamics of foreign investments, the share of bank loans provided in their total volume.The scientific approach to assessing the effectiveness of state regulation of the development of the investment potential of agricultural production has been improved, based on a combination of deductive and inductive approaches that reflect analytical and synthetic aspects of the analysis and ensure coverage of all aspects of the investment activity of agricultural entities
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Dergachova, V., M. Kravchenko, O. Vynogradova, V. Holiuk, and K. Kuznietsova. "DETERMINANT MANAGEMENT OF COMPETITIVE DEVALUATION: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 1, no. 36 (February 17, 2021): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.227884.
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The paper is devoted to the study of theoretical and practical aspects of determinant management of competitive devaluation, which are the essence of competitive devaluation, instruments of its implementation, as well as the positive and negative consequences of its impact on the economy of the country, which is implementing it and its trading partners. The authors have found that competitive devaluation is a deliberate devaluation of currency initiated (both officially and informally) by the central bank to reduce the value of exported goods, thereby facilitating domestic production, solving the unemployment problem, and reducing the balance of payments deficit.
The article determines that the most significant impact of competitive devaluation takes place in the following sectors of the country’s economy: foreign trade, industrial, agricultural, financial and services. The study has found that the degree of effectiveness of competitive devaluation to stimulate economic growth of a country is determined by the following factors: structure of foreign trade, share of imported raw materials and components in the cost of goods, foreign trade barriers, growth rates of other countries’ economies, elasticity of demand for exported goods, use of fixed commodity contracts and risk hedging instruments, J-curve effect.
The authors highlight the positive and negative consequences of competitive devaluation for the country implementing it and its trading partners. Expected positive results for the country which is devaluing its currency is an increase in exports and an increase in domestic demand, which should contribute to higher employment and economic growth. Among the negative effects of competitive devaluation are the following: a decrease of the purchasing power of the population, a rise of prices of imports and a decrease of their volumes, an increase of the inflation rate; more expensive repayment of foreign currency denominated debt; reduction of foreign investments; restriction of scientific and technological development and the outflow of professional labor.