Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Investissements étrangers – Pays en développement'
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Yabi, Olakounlé A. Gilles. "Investissements directs étrangers et croissance économique dans les pays en développement." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF10277.
Full textThe thesis tackles the issues of the determinants and the impact of foreign direct investments (FDI) in developing countries. By bringing successively into the analysis the lessons of economic history, the main theories of foreign direct investment and the particular experience of Sub-Saharan African countries with FDI during the 90's, the first three chapters isolate the factors which dictate the allocation of FDI within the developing countries. The three following chapters examine the influence of FDI inflows on the host countries both at the industry and the macroeconomic level before showing the results of an econometric analysis of the relationship between FDI and economic growth based on the data from 57 developing countries averaged over the 80's and the 90's. The results show that the predicted positive effect of FDI is not systematic. FDI acts as a catalyst for productivity growth only in the small group of developing countries already distinguished by outstanding economic performance. .
Ben, slimane Mehdi. "Investissements directs étrangers et sécurité alimentaire dans les pays en développement." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSARE042/document.
Full textDeveloping countries (DCs) have a high population growth and food demand. Moreover, foreign direct investment (FDI) is in the heart of investment policy. DCs attract FDI to improve their economic growth. This optimistic view is contradicted by negative effects on their economies. We based our analysis on three important factors: agricultural production, institutional quality and the food import dependency, we investigate the effects of desegregated and aggregated FDI on the food security. The results show that agricultural FDI improves food security and secondary FDI improves agricultural production through technology transfer and know-how with harmful effects that may occur as the environmental pollution.The tertiary IDE tends to decrease labor in agriculture and increasing food demand in urban areas. By adding the local institution to the analysis, the results show that from certain institutional quality thresholds, primary and secondary IDE improves food security. Our recommendation is that DCs has the interest to improve their institutional quality and targeting the attraction of FDI. Finally, aggregated FDI tends to deteriorate the ability to import food in countries with low and lower middle income. These countries have an interest to attract export-oriented FDI
Charly, Leïla. "Echanges extérieurs, investissements directs étrangers et croissance des économies nationales." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020015.
Full textBrahim, Mariem. "Investissements directs étrangers dans les pays émergents : attractivité et effets économiques." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD077.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying the growth and the economic development of emerging countries through Foreign Direct Investment. Emerging countries adopt FDI-luring strategies, which subsequently guarantee the assimilation of the technological transfers they convey. Such strategies are built around several axes: increased regulation, the implementation of a good governance system, the invigorating of macroeconomic stability and the development of infrastructure and human resources. We focus on the OECD countries that have just undergone profound political and social changes. Indeed, Western Europe has to support these countries to ensure the success of this transitional phase. It is precisely for this reason that we follow the example of the CEEC countries in the wake of the Berlin Wall fall on the one hand and the Western European countries in the aftermath of WWII on the other. Starting from the 1980s, after the collapse of oil prices- which had tremendous repercussions on fragile economies-, the OECD countries sought to diversify their economy. In the first chapter, we show the nature of the channels that materialize the FDI effects on the emerging countries’ growth. With reference to the latest theories of economic growth, the FDI attraction policies adopted by the emerging countries represent a driving force for growth as long as these countries are endowed with human resources capable of absorbing the technologies and the know-how conveyed by the FDIs. In the second chapter, relying on a variety of empirical methods, we establish the FDI determinants. More particularly, we focus on the short-term institutional determinants at a national comparative scale.Then, in the third and fourth chapters, relying on the gravitational model, we highlight the main FDI determinants in the Central and Eastern Europe countries (CEECs) as well as the possible differences of foreign investors’ behavior towards the former EU-15 and the CEEC, and that is ten years after the extension of the European Community. Thus, we show a fall in the investors’ geographical orientation as well as motivations. Therefore, there is no reconciliation between the CEEC’s determinants and those of the EU-15. However, the tax competition seems to spread among the CEEC firms’ policiestowards the EU as a whole. This concurs with the financial crisis which brought about a bigger volatility in the FDI flows. In the fifth chapter, we analyze the long run institutional FDI determinants in the OECD region. We emphasize a range of institutional indicators in order to identify their relative impact on the FDI flows; and this after having examined the macroeconomic determinants. We take into consideration the effects of economic conjuncture downturns, which are mainly due to recessions and economic crises. Our findings show that the institutional indicators are positively related to FDIs.Finally, in the sixth chapter and for the same region, we investigate the relationship between economic growth, FDI, exportation, workforce and capital investment. Since the so-called relationship is still one of the main problems in the economic literature, it has witnessed renewed interest, mainly for the OECD countries, which are affected by social and economic problems as well as a technological gap. Based on an ARDL approach, we eventually show that there is eventually a cointegration relationship between these variables, both in the long run as well as in the short run
Rakotondrazafy, Jocelyne. "Investissements directs étrangers et industrialisation des pays en développement : cas de Madagascar et de Maurice." Bordeaux 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR40012.
Full textThe attractiveness of nations to become host countries of foreign direct investment (fdi) is not favorable to poor countries which are however in need of industrial investment. The environment that conditions the functioning of a firm is weak in developing countries. Variables of localization of fdis represent the very factors of industrialization. The economic variables are an expression of the technical limits for fdi reception. The political variables account for government policies that promote or facilitate activities of foreign enterprises. In order to define foreign investors motivations for establishing themselves in madagascar and mauritius, we chose to limit our analysis to the textile and clothing industry, their sector of preference. Low labor cost seems to be the determinant factor for both countries for down market products exported to europe. We then examine the effect of these fdi. There represent an investment component of the host country because they stimulate investment and generate financial resource. Furthermore, fdi contributes to the growth of the host countries'international trade. In front of the background of the globalization, neighboring countries such as madagascar and mauritius could benefit from a firms'strategy of industrialization zone. Fdis'impact on the industrialization process is analyzed on the level of growth and industrial development. Fdi in textile/garment industry has brought dynamism to the sector though there is no local rooting. Attracting foreign investment means reinforcing the host countries'policy for industrial development by pursuing efforts to improve the investment climate, but also by proceeding to an upper stage of development
Zafar, Nessar. "Codes et politiques des investissements dans les pays en voie de développement : observations générales et recherches comparées." Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020121.
Full textMany substantials advantages as well from the fiscal point of view as extrafiscal, offered by the investment law of the developing countries, the incitation and garantee measures adopted by the investors countries and in the context of international agreements have favoured an important flow of foreign investments in the developing countries. Nevertheless, foreign investment flow could not be enough to incite economic growth and bringing technical progress in the countries where the investment evolution is often thwarted by political, economical and social environment, hostile to technical progress and private initiative. In developing countries, the state is major player and must grade needs, make institutional, economic, tax and social reforms in order to create an optimum, safe, stable and welcoming environment, more over set up structures and implement enough means involving on the one hand accumulation of national savings and their orientation to production activities as to develop national industrie, on the other hand promote and oriente foreign investment to the economic sectors or to the areas where capital, technology, know-how, managment capacity are missing
Ghitu-I-Mundunge. "Investissement direct étranger : capital humain et développement des pays à économie de rente : le cas du Gabon." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE21003.
Full textIbnlkhayat, Zouggari Hassani Khalid. "Les investissements prives etrangers et le developpement du maroc, approche juridique." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05D004.
Full textThe judicial system of foreign private investments is inclined to a reconciliation of the requirmints of the development of the reeptive country (morocco) and the legal interests of the investors (profits and security). Moreover, can the study of national regulation (codes and contrats of investment) and bilateral (conventions of investment) allow, on the one one hand, the measurment of the advantages from which the investor can have profit and on the other hand, the objectives of the receptive country concerning the question of development. Minewhile, there are the forms of investments (traditionnal directly investments and joint-ventures) hich help to estimate the real impact of those investments upon the two parties
Fall, Cheikh Lo. "La protection juridique des investissements directs étrangers dans les pays en développement : l'exemple de l'Afrique de l'ouest." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0307.
Full text"The protection of foreign direct investment in developing countries: the example of West Africa"FDI is at the heart of globalization and north-south economic relations. The question of their protection and legal regulation is acute. Faced with the scarcity of other sources of development finance (development aid) and the difficulties of access to technology, FDI is an important resource for filling the insufficiency of internal resources. This is why African countries in general, and those in West Africa in particular, are competing vigorously to receive foreign capital by providing them with an attractive, secure and non-discriminatory legal and institutional framework. Indeed, in the West African subregion, the law is used by States, but also by subregional integration organizations such as ECOWAS as an important instrument for demonstrating economic attractiveness. Thus, the analysis and measurement of the legal and institutional framework for FDI in West Africa will be discussed. In other words, has the security dimension of the investment (reception, processing, guarantee and settlement of disputes etc.) allowed for greater promotion and reception of investments from these countries?The interest of the subject is multiple. Indeed, at the legal and academic level, it allows to know, analyze and situate the entire legal regime of foreign investment at the internal level (investment code, mining code, oil code). At the external level, there is a multitude of conventions - such as bilateral BIT investment treaties -, accession to the relevant international investment conventions, and of course the increasingly visible and visible role of Community law in through the "communitisation of the law of foreign direct investment". The study of this subject shows the deep gap that exists between theory and practice in the FDI legislation of the countries of this part of Africa. If, upstream, the texts are more or less similar to those of the advanced countries, downstream, the execution of the texts by the public administrations makes mediocre the environment and the practice of the businesses. This theme on the legal protection of investments raises other questions and issues such as: the intervention of more and more actors and the instruments negotiated within them (World Bank, ADB, WTO, OECD, ECOWAS and UEMOA). etc.). There are also new issues related to environmental issues, corporate social responsibility and heritage issues. Finally, the problems posed by new types of investment, particularly PPP public-private partnerships, will be studied. The current nature of the research is striking, as there are several issues related to investment protection in countries such as West Africa. It is about the transfer of technology in a new context, the industrialization by the natural resources, the contribution on the development of the host country and the creation of jobs especially in an international context where Africa became again attractive
Desbordes, Rodolphe. "Examen des liens entre gouvernance publique et investissement direct étranger dans les pays en développement." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010074.
Full textBoujedra, Faouzi. "La prise en compte du risque pays dans le choix d'implantation des investissements directs étrangers en direction des pays en développement : analyse théorique et empirique." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0506.
Full textMoselhi, Mahmoud. "Contribution à l'étude juridique des réglementations relatives aux investissements étrangers dans les pays en développement : le cas de l'Egypte. Attraction et contrôle : le rôle de l'Etat." Droit, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA122008.
Full textBoumlouka, Makrem. "Les déterminants des investissements étrangers de portefeuille : Une étude théorique et empirique : cas de la Tunisie, de la Turquie, d'Israel et de la Hongrie." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0041.
Full textEl, Tayeb Mohmed Ali. "Étude juridique des investissements pétroliers dans les pays en développement non-producteurs de pétrole : le cas du Soudan." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10002.
Full textThe developing countries having petroleum ressources are not always, due to the lack of technical and sufficient financial means, capable to exploit their own ressources. They are obliged then, to leave this tache to private foreign companies. The encouragement of private petroleum investment in these countries faces principaly two types of impediments i. E. Very high non commercial risks and inattractive legal and contractual framework. Certain legal protection and financial guaranties are destinated to limite the non commercial risks. These measures consist in the protection accorded by international law, the protection offered by the host government and investment insurances systemes. However a solid protection for the petroleum investment resides in the adoption "ab initio" in a contractual framework, of flexible and balanced arrangements. This means the conciliation of the interests of the investor who looks only for the profit and the security of his investment and these of the host government which looks for the public interes and the development of its economy. The conciliation of these two interests appears to be neglected in the legal framework adopted by the example studied, the sudan
Vichutripop, Poon. "Le développement en Thai͏̈lande (avant la crise financière)." Paris, INALCO, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INAL0008.
Full textIn the seventies, Thailand focused importance on exportation which become the main factor of its rising economy. Due to the current international competition and with the will to become in the short term a nearly industrialised country, Thailand must implement a new strategy. The goal of our study is to demonstrate in the first section an analysis of Thailand's capacities in the following sectors : macro-economy, direct foreign investment, infrastructures, research and development, as well as invention protection. This analysis highlights the crucial lack of manpower in sciences and technology. Thailand must face this problem if the country is coiling to reach and to maintain the level it has set for itself. The second section shows therefore the importance of the manpower in sciences and technology, the training methods and the means that Thailand has implemented today in this field
Huang, Danhan. "Le droit occidental relatif aux investissements internationaux : une comparaison entre le droit français et le droit américain." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR30023.
Full textThe western law relating to international investment consiste in both national law and international law. It covers the practice of the encouragement of investment which concerns the constitution, the treatment of the foreign investment and the other aspects such as the control of international capital movements, the tax system, as welle as the application of antitrust regulations. On the other hand, it aims at the protection of international investment on dealing with the investment insurance against non-commercial risks (especially the risk of nationalization) and the settlement of investment disputes. The development of the western law relating to international investment goes together with the evolution of the international law of development. The bilateral regional and multilateral agreements have brought a new contribution to the encouragement and the protecitan of the international investment. Within the western legal systems, the orientation of the two legal systems (the continental law and the common law) is illustrated by the comparative study between the relating french law and the american law. The general characters of the western law and the particular elements of the national laws introduced in the study reflect all the development of the western law in the broad of international investment
Driss, Slim. "Investissement direct étranger et diffusion technologique dans les pays en voie de développement." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10023.
Full textThe aim of this work is to focus on developing countries access to the so-called "new" technologies. Foreign direct investment appears as the more efficient channel of technological transfer. However, technological spillovers must be of high quality in order to be of high interest. The economic literature has focus on the transfer incentives leaving on one side the problem of spillovers. The thesis fills this gap. In order to isolate the technological spillovers phenomena, we propose a model of direct vertical investment, supposing the degree of spillovers quality settled. In a first step, the host-country government proposes an "investment" premium in order to compensate location disadvantages. When endogenous spillovers of local firms are low, the government can intervene in second step fixing thus a higher predetermined quality. If the local firms refuse the previous intervention for profits reasons, the government can provide other incentives mechanism taking the form of subsides. The government proposes a subsidy to the local firm in order to induce an optimal profit meanwhile the new technology is absorbed with a high quality spillovers level. The model proposes to establish the problem generated by technological spillovers. Our conclusions are interesting concerning the leading government strategies in developing countries. They have to select foreign firms offering the best chance of technological spillovers
Zaiter, Lahimer Mahjouba. "L’impact des entrées de capitaux privés sur la croissance économique dans les pays en développement." Paris 9, 2011. http://basepub.dauphine.fr/xmlui/handle/123456789/7670.
Full textOur thesis focuses on private capital inflows affect on economic growth in developing countries. For our analysis, we distinguish three types of private flows: foreign direct investment, bank loans and portfolio investment. From a theoretical view, the capital inflows affect positively economic growth through risk diversification and investment improving. The negative effects result from crowding out effect, financial instability and crises propagation. Econometrically, we proceed by doing two different econometric studies on a panel of 71 developing countries. The first study examines the effect of private capital inflows on economic growth between 1980 and 2007 using GMM system introduced by Blundell and Bond (1998). The results are quite diverse. The effects of The FDI stocks are positive for almost all groups. For the portfolio investment, the effect shows the importance of progressive and controlled liberalization. The result concerning bank loan seem to depend on development level. The second study addresses the interaction of capital flows with the financial development, human development, institutional development and infrastructure. The results indicate that the effect of capital flows on economic growth depends on the level of development. An important interaction effect is associated to the intuitional development for the portfolio investment
Mohamed, Taha Inas. "L'interventionnisme fiscal : impôt et investissement direct étranger dans les pays en développement : Le cas de l'Egypte." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GREND020.
Full textThis research focuses on the elaboration of Egyptian fiscal policy in favor of Foreign Direct Investment and adaptation of the tax system with global competitiveness. As a notion of private origin, competitiveness seems to be the short-term goal for the country to achieve the level of economic growth needed to achieve its long-term development. A country should be able to direct private capital to strategic sectors under a development plan, especially in developing countries. Due to weaknesses of the domestic resources in developing countries, foreign capital, especially that directed towards direct investment projects, is fundamental. Since 1952 and until 1970, economic policy in Egypt had a socialist Nasserite bias and taxation was not considered as an important tool for state intervention. In 1971, Egypt adopted a liberal economic ideology, thus recognizing the significance of foreign private capital and taxes in the Egyptian economic policy. Egypt hence followed the market economy, and joined a large number of international and regional agreements, which have limited the tools of state intervention without being obstacle to the free movement of capital, goods and services. Such liberal ideology allows the fiscal tools to have an important status in the state's intervention. The orientation of FDI to strategic sectors depends on the fiscal sovereignty of the state through tax laws. This research traces the development of Egyptian taxation and tax incentive policy of FDI, while explaining the benefits and limitations of using fiscal instruments. The decision to relocate foreign investors in a hosting country depends not only on the tax component but also the favorable economic environment in the country. This context is influenced by the tax system as a whole but also the social and political climate. Egyptian tax policy must strike a balance between rendering profit of private capital and the development plans. For developing countries, in addition to financial support, FDI is important in transferring technology and creating employment, which can improve the economic environment and attract more FDI. A developing country should plan its policy towards FDI by establishing strategic objectives that correspond with improving its economic environment. This is an improvement in increasing the country's attractiveness to FDI. Aforementioned position is also illustrated in IMF recent decision to alter its ideology regarding its fundamental rule of free migration of capital. Stating that control of capital flows is necessary and that unconditioned freedom of capital flows may present a risk especially for countries whose economies are already in trouble
Stefano, Sarah. "Le retour de l’État en droit international des investissements." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100055.
Full textThis work is exclusively focused on the economic impact of international investment law. It is shown here that only a positive economic impact can legitimize the existence and use of this normative framework
Ibeka, Bokiki Claude. "Le régime des investissements privés étrangers dans la coopération ACP -UE : états d'Afrique, Caraïbes et Pacifique - Union Européenne." Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN20008.
Full textIn accordance with its objective, ensuring a true and development of the African, Caribbean and pacific countries(acp),the Lomé system focuses mainly upon the promotion of foreign private investments within the framework of the cooperation between acp and European union(ue) countries in order to finance the development of the countries concerned. In other words, private investments are of paramount importance in so far as they enhance the economic growth and diversification. Moreover, they can bring about yet other positive effects. Thus, they play a key role in the development process of acp countries. Nevertheless, to promote them successfully from eu to acp countries, an adq adequate legal framework together with an effective device, not to mention appropriations environment are required required. The Lomé conventions (3 and 4) embody countless but precise devices to this effect. These very devices, being devoid of any legal force, are ipso facto ineffective as far as investments are concerned. It should be noted, on the other hand, that other legal "tools" such as the internal legislations acp and eu countries ,the bilateral agreements(acp-eu) as regards investments promotion and protection, the treaty of Rome, including the Washington and Seoul conventions equally apply to the European investments in the acpc countries as it is the case with the Lomé conventions. On the other hand, financial devices help to finance the investments in question. They are either community or not community. The same devices provide a support to acp/eu in investments by means of technical assistance, management services and trading, coordination and information services, feasibility of projects ad and their validity from the feasibility studies. Yet, success of these devices depend largely upon the existence of a fair inter, national environment as well a favorable atmosphere of investments in acp states all the countries concerned should implement a global, common but coherent policy to achieve this assigned goal
Ngouhouo, Ibrahim. "Les investissements directs étrangers en Afrique centrale : attractivité et effets économiques." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274376.
Full textDihissou, Wasiu. "La relation entre le commerce international et les investissements directs étrangers : cas des principaux pays de l'OCDE." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0027/document.
Full textThis paper studies the nature of the relationship between international trade and foreign trade direct investment, both theoretically and empirically. Theoretically, there is in general two sorts of relations between international trade and direct foreign investment: substitution and complementarity. The nature of that relation may either be the consequence of exogenous factors, determinants of country specialization or the result of endogenous strategy of multinational firms in the organization of their activities internationally. We speak of complementarity relation when there is a positive link between international trade and investment, and substitution relation when there is a negative link between international trade and investment. Empirically, with the gravity model, we apply econometric technics on yearly data of the panel during 2000 and 2014 period on bilateral data of eighteen countries main investors of OECD, at first in manufacturer industry and then depending on geographical areas, with a set of seventy-five countries divided up in these geographical areas. The seventy-five partner countries consist of seventeen other countries of OECD, seventeen Latin America countries non-OECD, three eastern European countries non-OECD, and thirty-eight Asian countries non- OECD. Regarding the analysis of the geographical area, the estimations point out, in exportation as in importation, a substitution relation for the OECD area and Latin America non-OECD area and a complementarity relation for eastern European non-OECD area. However, for Asian non-OECD area, the estimations show, a substitution relation in exportation and a complementarity relation in importation
Özyurt, Selin. "Croissance, productivité et les retombées positives de l’ouverture aux investissements directs étrangers et au commerce international en Chine." Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090024.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the issues associated with China’s rapid economic development and reform initiative over the past three decades. The study presents new empirical evidence which relies on comprehensive data sets and recently developed parametric methods. The major objective of the thesis is to provide a systematic and comprehensive analysis of China’s recent economic growth and productivity performances. The main focus is directed to the investigation of spillovers to Chinese economy arising from openness to foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade. The major findings of the study are: (i) Over the past three decades, physical capital accumulation has been the main driving force of China’s rapid economic growth, while productivity and technical efficiency gains have also contributed to economic growth; (ii) openness to FDI and international trade exert a positive impact on growth and productivity; (iii) the spatial econometric analyses highlight that regional dynamics and spatial interactions play a crucial role in the process of economic development
Debbiche, Imène. "La composition des flux de capitaux et la croissance : cas des pays émergents." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090008.
Full textGrowth financing forms have changed notably since 1990. Multilateral loans, bilateral loans and bank credits are substituted by FDI and disintermediated assets. Theories of financial repression consider that the liberalization of the capital account and of financial markets is favorable for growth. Our study discusses this issue for emerging markets. In fact, the aim of this work is double. On the one hand, we have examined the importance of capital inflows composition (flows and stocks) on growth level by distinguishing saving from investment. We established a theoretical model that emphasizes that these financing forms are rather complementary than substitutes. On the other hand, we investigated the role of corruption as an item that influences both the composition and the profitability of capital inflows. Empirically we have estimated a convergence model for 33 emerging markets during 1990-2009. Our results confirmed the fact that capital composition matters for growth and that the presence of corruption reduces the FDI benefits
Maftei, Viviana. "Localisation de la recherche-développement de la firme multinationale dans les pays en développement." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12004.
Full textResearch and development-related foreign direct investment in developing countries continues to grow since the mid-1990s, and this growth is highly concentrated geographically, large emerging countries being the main destinations.This thesis thus examines the determinants of multinational firms’ R&D location in such countries by placing innovation factors in the forefront of the analysis. The literature on the internationalization of R&D suggests that innovation activities, being highly knowledge-intensive, are located in developed countries, while R&D deployed in developing countries is confined to adapting products and processes to local conditions. We build an analytical framework and develop a model that allows to identify the determinants of multinational firms’ R&D location in developing countries, while distinguishing between supply and demand factors. The former explain innovative R&D, and the latter, adaptive R&D. The crucial role of host-country’s technological capabilities and foreign affiliates’ local sales in the location decision shows that R&D-related foreign direct investment in developing countries is mainly determined by the opportunities for technological development and by the need of adaptation to local market conditions, innovation-related motivations having little importance. Furthermore, when the location choice is made between developing and developed economies, belonging to the former type of countries has a deterrent effect on foreign direct investment in R&D
Nguyen, Binh Duong. "Stratégie industrielle des pays asiatiques en transition : le cas du Vietnam." Paris 13, 2010. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2010_nguyen.pdf.
Full textThis thesis examines the key issues in choosing strategies for industrialization of Vietnam in the new global economy. It is organized into three main parts. The first part reviews the pros and cons of import- substitution industrialization (“ISI”) and the export-oriented industrialization (“EOI”) strategies in Asian countries. It also reviews the different theoretical views of the subject, identifying achievements and limitations of the Asian model of industrialization, and lessons for Vietnam. The second part analyzes the investment policies of Vietnam, the impact of foreign direct investment (“FDI”) and international integration on trades as well as causality linkage between investment and import-export for Vietnam. The part also reports key findings using empirical study, specifically analysis of the time-series and a gravity model for trade. The third part discusses about international competitiveness of Vietnam and competition of Chinese products in both international and Vietnamese domestic markets
Radilofe, Randianina. "Enclavement juridique investissements internationaux. Essai sur un phénomène de droit transnational dans les pays en développement." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR0011.
Full textConsidered as offering overprotection, international investment law faced a crisis of legitimacy. The extractive industry is particularly affected by criticisms of various allegations of human rights violations and environmental law, and their treatment by investment courts remains limited. Furthermore, the legal system of developing countries are fragmented by the articulation among local, national and international law, even transnational law with private regulations, and affected by corruptive drifts, the local populations have limited access to justice when disputes with multinationals occur. As a matter of fact, the practice consists of relocating the law applicable to the investment contract by the various techniques developed by international law, and particularly contractual clauses and transnational arbitration. This thesis develops the concept of "legal enclosure" to describe this phenomenon, and to explain the limited and localized impacts of foreign investments on the development of the host State
Said, Mohamed Sitti. "La coopération nord-sud pour le développement et les pays de l'océan Indien dans une dynamique de mondialisation." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05D008.
Full textThe political cooperation between North and South countries was conceived in term of financial support and technical assistance. However, with the intensification of globalization, the cooperation for the development becomes a process in transformation. The modes for funding development diversify, as the actors of cooperation. The development strategies have evolved a lot. The integration in the global economy has become a very efficient way for promoting the development. In the case of Indian Ocean countries, despites the record progresses and performances, most of these economies are characterized by a strong dependency toward the global economy and the international aid. Their place in the global economy stays very limited. Faced with the challenges imposed by the globalization, Indian Ocean countries and the partners for development must rethink their strategies. The cooperation for development must be renewed
Pop, Claudia. "L' intégration de la Roumanie dans l'Union européenne : espace et développement." Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100007.
Full textThe process of European enlargement towards the Eastern countries gives opportunity in these countries to find a place in the worldwide economy and is likely to influence their economic development with the aim of economic catching up. This work aims at bringing a framework of analysis in order to explain in a first part the connection through exchanges and foreign direct investments of the économies belonging to an agreement of economic integration. The connection deepens by the active involvement of the new members in the production process of the integrated zone, which is the object of the second part. The distribution of the production activities between countries is revealing of profile of development which countries adopt. The analysis at régional level shows the existence of differences between regions in ternis of structure of production and geographical location of activities in the space. In the third part these differences are associated with the belonging of regions to différent levels of development. We tried to show by an empirical test that the European process of integration influences determining éléments of the stages of development
Hanchane, Hicham. "Investissement direct étranger, capital humain et croissance économique dans les pays en développement : une proposition théorique et approches empirique [sic] de validations à l’aide des données de panel." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU2001.
Full textThis work of thesis concentrates on the impact of foreign direct investments (FDI) on the economic growth of developing countries. It is interested both in the theoretical aspect of the subject by using the models of endogenous growth and in its empirical aspect by using econometrics of the panel data. The theoretical and empirical literature confirms the positive impact of these flows of FDI on the economic growth of the host countries. According to the model I propose in the third chapter, this impact however is not always positive on the economy of the host countries. Indeed, the FDI can have a negative effect on the developing countries, if the technological difference between the multinational firms and the local firms is large and if these latter do not have a level of sufficient qualified labour. The empirical study, while using the econometrics of the panel data on 30 developing countries observed from 1982 to 1996, confirms these theoretical predictions. In order to obtain more robust results I varied the methods of specification of heterogeneity non observed (instrumental variable (IV) and GMM within the static and dynamic framework)
Goubi, Nadji. "Politiques d'attractivité et IDE : application à un panel de quinze pays en développement." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020008.
Full textDibandjo, Magloire. "Aspects recents de la pratique contractuelle en matiere d'investissements internationaux dans les pays en developpement : les projets d'infrastructure a financement prive." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05D017.
Full textNaseem, Muhammad. "The Role of FDI and Migrant Remittances in Economic Growth : An Empirical Analysis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UCFA0059.
Full textThis thesis contributes to the literature on the impact of external financial inflows on economic growth. Chapter 2 studies the impact of FDI and migrant remittances on economic growth in a sample of developing countries to empirically explore the combined impact of remittances and FDI on economic growth. Additionally, identifying transmission channels through which they can impact economic growth. In this respect, we investigate the impact of FDI and migrant remittances on economic growth and introduce the interaction of FDI and remittances. Moreover, total factor productivity (TFP) is used as a transmission channel to investigate productivity growth in recipient economies. The increase in TFP can result from technology spillovers from foreign companies that bring in advanced production techniques and knowledge, which can enhance the productive capacity of domestic firms. At the same time, remittances can influence TFP through their effects on investment in physical and human capital and innovation in recipient countries. Therefore, TFP is a helpful transmission channel to analyze the impact of FDI and remittances on economic growth in developing countries. By doing so, a more comprehensive understanding of how FDI and remittances affect economic growth in developing countries can be achieved. These results indicate a strong complementarity between these two financial inflows in promoting productivity growth in recipient economies. In other words, when FDI and migrant remittances work together, they have a significantly more positive impact on TFP than when they work separately.Chapter 3 draws on the role of remittances on economic complexity to help improve understanding of the economic effects of remittances and inform policies and interventions aimed at leveraging remittances to promote economic transformation and diversification. The empirical analysis reveals that the interaction of remittances and education is positively associated with economic complexity. Specifically, we find that the positive effect of migrant remittances on economic complexity is amplified in the presence of higher education levels. These findings suggest that while migrant remittances may not necessarily lead to economic complexity on their own, they can contribute to it when combined with higher levels of education. Our study sheds light on the potential role of education in maximizing the positive impact of remittances on economic development. The results of this study carry significant implications for policymakers and highlight the need for a more nuanced approach to understanding the impact of remittances on economic development.Chapter 4 analyzes the role of sectoral-level greenfield FDI on economic growth in developing and developed economies. In our analysis, we use the data of greenfield FDI at aggregated and sector-level to check their impact on economic growth. Using 2SLS regression analysis, we find that the overall impact of greenfield FDI on economic growth is positive and statistically significant. Moreover, at the sector level, the manufacturing sector is the main driver in stimulating the economy. The positive impact of manufacturing greenfield FDI on economic growth can be attributed to various factors, such as the transfer of technology, increased competition, job creation, and increased productivity. These factors can help to spur innovation, enhance efficiency, and ultimately increase output in the manufacturing sector. A key policy implication of our findings is that greenfield FDI directed towards the manufacturing sector is more helpful in bringing economic development and increasing overall welfare. Although, a favorable political and social environment is required for productive investment. Moreover, a well-developed institutional framework and enabling environment are necessary to ripe the benefits of FDI
Eka, Fred. "La contribution de la Chine au développement économique des pays d' Afrique Sub Saharienne." Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU2035/document.
Full textOver the past 15 years, the Sino-African relationship has profoundly changed the African continent, which many Western governments have abandoned. Central Africa has many commodities including oil, copper, cobalt and iron ore. Many, including some African, suspect what they consider to be a neo-colonial landholding, in which the Chinese state illustrated through its 2,200 companies, extract minerals in return for infrastructure.Nevertheless, there is a consensus that the Chinese presence has mainly benefited Africa. A few figures illustrate the change. In 2000, trade between China and Africa was only $ 10 billion. By 2014, this has increased more than 20 times to $ 220 billion, according to the China Africa Research Initiative at the School of International Studies. An interest that is reflected by the presence of Chinese actors, public and private, more and more numerous, precisely in the direct investments (stocks of 10 to 45 billion dollars), according to the sources.Yet there is anxiety about the rise of Chinese influence. Several political leaders are concerned that Africa has recently shifted to the trade deficit with China. African governments are so indebted to China that they could cause economic dependence on the future of their countries.My research explores the impact of China on the economic development of SSA countries. The aim is to show how the countries of Central Africa, notably CEMAC, which lag behind other regions of SSA must use the complex changes in the Chinese economy to boost their economic growth and boost their development and attract foreign investors, job creators and a major player in the dynamization and industrialization of territories. We analyzed and compared the choice of the mode of location of Chinese and French greenfield IDEs in Central Africa. Our results show the decisive role of the main trading potential driving the strategies of internationalization of Chinese firms in Central Africa
Tumi, Salaheddin. "Les déterminants des IDE et leur impact sur la croissance économique dans les pays en développement. Le cas des pays du Maghreb et du Moyen-Orient." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030021.
Full textThe quest for progress towards economic development in the countries of the South has increased competition between these nations in the last two decades, as they each try to attract the largest volume of FDI. This competition has become a race to the bottom due to the increased difficulties in obtaining credit. Many developing countries have attempted to attract FDI. Some have been less successful than others, in this regard; however this did not prevent a second group of countries undertaking the same policy. The decision makers seem to be convinced that FDI is the engine of development and the main question in this thesis is to better understand the phenomenon of FDI, its mechanisms and determinants. The second question is an assay to establish a link between FDI and economic growth. Our work classifies countries into five zones with an emphasis on the Maghreb and the Middle East. We show that to be attractive for FDI; a country should be politically stable, with adequate infrastructure, effective institutions and an educated population. Natural resources and bilateral investment treaties are decisive factors for the attraction of FDI. In addition, there are biases specific to certain regions. The Maghreb and the Middle East suffer from negative biases that are preventing this zone from attracting FDI. We try to explain and analyze the causes of this limited volume of FDI received. On the link FDI-growth, we found that FDI does not begin to have a positive effect on growth until there is a certain threshold level of human capital in the population
Mezni, Amna. "Mondialisation et impact des investissements directs étrangers sur la croissance dans les PED : "cas de l'économie tunisienne dans le secteur des TIC"." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10021.
Full textRabhi, Dounia. "Stratégies des firmes, capital humain et attractivité des pays du "Sud" : Cas du Maroc." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10077.
Full textFofana, Kadidjatou. "Les mécanismes juridiques de transfert de technologies vers les pays en développement : Cas des pays de l'Afrique subsaharienne." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS191.
Full textA solution to the underdevelopment appeared in the international transfer of technology, which combines assistance, training, cooperation, and sometimes financial assistance.Given the interest of this process, the United Nations began a making process policy. We still remember of the "International Code of Conduct for the transfer of technology ", which appeared as a major breakthrough in economic progress for developing countries. Despite the failure of this attempt, the process has remained at the heart of international trade, like technology itself is considered as the instrument of measuring development.This is why the least developed countries are engaged in a race to technology, guarantee of their right to development.There is, on an international scale, a series of laws relating to technology transfer and intellectual property, which reflect the legal security of transactions, and also the new vision of economic relations, notably to take account the effects of technology on the environment.With an existing but not repressive law of intellectual property, sub-Saharan Africa trying to get their development by investment. For that, they set up favorable laws.International partnerships, private and public investment, patents, ... all these ways of access to the technology which deserve to be examined.This thesis is written with the objective to compare and promote technology acquisition adapted for developing countries, but also promote the establishment of foreign companies in these countries
Wargui, Mohamed. "L' insertion dans la division financière internationale : une approche alternative pour le développement des PED : le cas du Maroc." Toulon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUL2004.
Full textThe relationship between financial development and economic growth has received a lot of attention in the economic literature of the last decade. This study describes Morocco's experience in liberalizing its financial market and its kind of integration in international economy. First, we present the problems posed by financial repression in Morocco and the main recommendations made in the literature and on the basis of international experience. Second, we describe the financial liberalization process of Moroccan economy. Finally, empirical part assesses the changes brought about by the reforms and their impacts in macroeconomic growth in Morocco. In this last part we analyze the link between financial integration and Moroccan growth from three decades (1970 2002). The main result of our study is that of a positive correlation between Moroccan economic growth and its financial deepening
Razafindravaosolonirina, Romain. "Essays on Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Vulnerability and Uncertainty." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0036/document.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to analyze to what extent Economic Vulnerability, defined by Guillaumont, affects Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). More precisely, various papers in the thesis follow the current logic. First, It is important to unveil the relationship between various components of economic vulnerability affecting the level of FDI. Second, our analysis focus on how investment treaties modify the link FDI-Vulnerability. Third, focus on the close link between FDI and Official Development Assistance. Finally, We assess a larger spectrum by taking into account how uncertainty resulting from economic policy could affect macroeconomic aggregates
Alsif, Anne-Sophie. "La politique de coopération sud sud sous le président Lula : genèse d'un modèle de développement : La diversification des investissements directs étrangers au sein de l'économie brésilienne." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0525.
Full textWhen he came to power in 2003, President Luiz Ignacio Lula Da Silva stated Brazil's desire to strengthen its ties with emerging countries, especially African countries. During his mandate, he implemented a policy of South-South cooperation resulting in strengthening of economic ties, trade policies with other emerging countries. Foreign direct investments (FDI) have for a long time contributed to the growth of the Brazilian economy. The FDI came mainly from OECD countries which, in particular from the United States of America. In this context of capital inflows, emerging countries continue to increase their investment capacities. TO diversify the sources of FDI in Brazil, President Lula sought to attract foreign capital. South-south cooperation remains an effective way to make Brazil attarctive to investors in emerging marlets. In addition, this policy responds to the desire of Brazil to increase its role in the international arena in order to become a real diplomatic power
Beni-Azza, Abdelmalek. "Essai sur les instruments juridiques de la politique marocaine en matière de transfert de technologie." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE0004.
Full textTapsoba, René. "Ciblage d'inflation et règles budgétaires dans les pays en développement: Interactions et Conséquences macroéconomiques." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00734755.
Full textAngo-Obiang, Nadège Noële. "Mondialisation et inégalités (salaires/revenus, emploi) dans les pays du Sud." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50374-2007-Ango.pdf.
Full textSawadogo, Relwendé. "Essais sur les déterminants et les conséquences macroéconomiques du développement du secteur d’assurance dans les pays en développement." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF10493/document.
Full textThis thesis is composed of a set of research in applied economics that enroll in the contemporary field of economics of insurance. The thesis analyses how developing countries could develop more the insurance sector and benefit from these effects on local economy. The first part explored the determinants of insurance development from a macroeconomic perspective. First, the results show that increase of income per capita leads to an increase in life insurance premiums and that life insurance is a luxury commodity in Sub-Saharan Africa (chapter 2). We also find evidence that the marginal impact of income varies according to the quality of legal and political environment. Second, analysis of effect of the FDI inflows shows that these are a key factor in increase of non-life insurance premiums in countries of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and in other developing countries (chapter 3). In chapter 4, the results highlighted that the activities of life insurance and banking are substitutable in SSA and, however, there is presence of unidirectional causality running from real private credit density to life insurance and insurance density. The second part of the thesis has analysed effect of development of insurance sector on economy in developing countries. First, it appears that the development of life insurance has a positive effect on economic growth on the one hand and on the other hand marginal effect of life insurance is influenced by the structural characteristics of countries (chapter 5). In chapter 6, the results showed that the insurance premiums significantly increase stock market value traded, before as well and after the 2007's economic crisis. Finally, the thesis showed that there is a long term relationship between the development of non-life insurance and trade openness and that non-life insurance premiums improve openness to international trade as well in developing countries than specifically in low and middle income countries (chapter 7)
Neb, Samouth. "Les zones franches et la stratégie d’insertion des investisseurs étrangers dans les pays en développement : le cas des zones économiques spéciales cambodgiennes." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20034.
Full textFree zones are a striking illustration of the opening of the world to the international trade. In the last four decades, tremendously increased, Free zones are not static phenomenon, but dynamic ones. The dynamic is in the sense of which their industrial activities are started from labor intensive industry to the most sophisticated activities. We propose a classification of free zones into four generations: 1st generation (free trade zones), 2nd generation (export processing zones and special economic zones), 3rd generation (services based zones) and 4th generation (science-based zones). Based on performance criteria in term of exportation and employment, four groups of countries were classified to design the level of development of free zones. The first two groups of countries, such as the Est and the South-Est Asian countries and Latin American countries, are considered as the most dynamic countries in term of free zones’ development. In fact, the most important zone is located in the countries where there are a strong industrial dynamics with participating actively to the international trade and to foreign firms’ strategy. Having invested in free zones, enterprises are totally foreign firms or Joint- venture. In this regard, firms installed in free zones could be: assembled factory, production factory, totally integrated factory. These firms aimed to supply the product to parent company or to sell the product to another enterprises or distribution companies as they are outsourcing. In this case, the firm’s strategic behaviors are considered as “verticals” or “global”. It’s not surprising that the free zones of 2nd generation are established in Cambodia at the stage of industrial development. The objective of the Royal Government of Cambodia is to exploit efficiently its comparative advantages (natural and artificial ones) and to catch its opportunities to the regional and global trade. Thus, the establishment of special economic zones (SEZ) shows the commitment of the government in the process of the export-led industrialization in Cambodia. The Cambodian SEZ provides two kinds of advantages : The non Cost advantages includes international market privileged access (to American and European market), the benefit of social label of Cambodian manufactured products and others Cambodian preferential trade agreements, which are considered as the most attractive factors of foreign direct investment to Cambodian SEZ. The Cost Advantages has a natural caracteristic (the abundance of labor forces at low cost) and artificial (better incentive measures and attractive policy). Based on theses advantages, the Cambodian SEZ could be developed in three phases: initial phase (assembly factory), second phase (production factory) and finally the third phase (totally integrated factory). In this context, the Cambodian SEZ could, at a complementary position with free zones of the South-East Asian region, be a privileged location of the labor intensive industries- textile, garments and electronic industry
Vu, Thi Phuong Mai. "Three Essays on FDI and International Trade : Cross-Sectoral and Micro Empirical Analysis for Developing Countries." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR0034/document.
Full textThis thesis investigates the role of FDI in developing economies. Chapter 1 examines the interaction between FDI andODA. Our aggregated results reveal that the substitutable effect of ODA on FDI overbalances its complementary effect.Disaggregated results show that ODA in complementary inputs complements FDI in physical capital while ODA in physicalcapital substitutes its counterpart FDI. Moreover, FDI in complementary inputs behaves like its counterpart ODA. Chapter2 checks the difference in performance between foreign and domestic firms. We find that foreign firms are more productive,less profitable and grow faster than domestic firms. Moreover, they survive better than Vietnamese ones. Additionally, wealso indicate that there exist the transfer mispricing and the sunk cost among foreign firms in Vietnam. In chapter 3, weinvestigate the firms’ export behavior. We find that the distribution of export intensities in Vietnam displays a U-shapedpattern like the one found for countries strongly engaged in GVCs. By examining the export premia, we indicate thatprocessing exporters are less productive and pay lower wages than non-processing exporters and even than non-exporters.This pattern is more obvious among foreign firms and firms in the non-tariff zone. To conclude, even if FDI represents animportant source of growth for developing countries, more disaggregated analyses are still needed to better understand their effects on an economy
Thaalbi, Ines. "Déterminants et impacts des IDE sur la croissance économique en Tunisie." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01019825.
Full textPacetti, Valentina. "Il fascino dei territori : beni collettivi e agenzie per lo sviluppo locale nella competizione tra regioni europee." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0009.
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