Journal articles: 'Inventors' Association of Australia'

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Cassis, Gerasimos, and Celia Symonds. "Plant bugs, plant interactions and the radiation of a species rich clade in south-western Australia: Naranjakotta, gen. nov. and eighteen new species (Insecta : Heteroptera : Miridae : Orthotylinae)." Invertebrate Systematics 30, no. 2 (2016): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is15011.

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New surveys from the Bush Blitz and Planetary Biodiversity Inventory programs has revealed a largely unknown biota of plant bugs in Australia. The mirid subfamily Orthotylinae has exploded in Australia, in association with perennial shrubs in arid and semi-arid Australia. This work documents the discovery of a new clade of 18 new species of the plant bug subfamily Orthotylinae. These new species belong to Naranjakotta, gen. nov., which was analysed phylogenetically and found to be monophyletic. The distribution of Naranjakotta and included species are documented, and analysed in reference to the distribution of all other orthotylines across continental Australia. A paralogy-free subtree analysis was conducted based on a recent phytogeographic classification, which resulted in the recognition of eastern and western subclades, with Tasmania and the Eyre Peninsula unresolved. The host plant associations were optimised at generic and ordinal levels to the Naranjakotta phylogeny and an ancestral Lamiales association for Naranjakotta and an ancestral Acacia association for a subclade of Naranjakotta were found. The eighteen new species described in this work are: N. bicolorata, sp. nov., N. chinnocki, sp. nov., N. cryptandraphila, sp. nov., N. dimorpha, sp. nov., N. graphica, sp. nov., N. hakeaphila, sp. nov., N. hibbertiaphila, sp. nov., N. hyalina, sp. nov., N. keraudrenia, sp. nov., N. lochada, sp. nov., N. macfarlanei, sp. nov., N. minor, sp. nov., N. myrtlephila, sp. nov., N. rosa, sp. nov., N. splendida, sp. nov., N. unicolorata, sp. nov., N. wanarra, sp. nov. and N. watheroo, sp. nov. Orthotylus sidnicus (Stål) is transferred to Naranjakotta.

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Bayes, Danielle M., and Ben Bullock. "Sleep Problems in School Aged Children: A Common Process across Internalising and Externalising Behaviours?" Clocks & Sleep 2, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep2010002.

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Sleep problems are common in childhood and impact cognitive, psychological and physical wellbeing. The current study investigated the association between sleep problems and internalising and externalising behaviour in 114 school-aged children (5–12 years) from four primary schools in Melbourne, Australia. Data were collected using the Sleep Disorder Inventory for Students to measure sleep and the Conners Behavior Rating Scale to assess behaviour, both by parent report. Hierarchical regression analysis, controlling for socioeconomic status and age, identified moderate associations between sleep problems and emotional distress, aggressive behaviour and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Findings suggest screening for sleep problems in children presenting clinically with behavioural issues is a potentially important clinical practice. Additionally, results support the elaboration of transdiagnostic theory, whereby sleep problems are a common process in both internalising and externalising behaviour in children.

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Ziaian, Tahereh, Helena de Anstiss, Georgia Antoniou, Peter Baghurst, and Michael Sawyer. "Resilience and Its Association with Depression, Emotional and Behavioural Problems, and Mental Health Service Utilisation among Refugee Adolescents Living in South Australia." International Journal of Population Research 2012 (June 20, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/485956.

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Background. Despite the frequency of traumatic or stressful events experienced by refugee children and adolescents prior to migration and following resettlement, the majority do not experience mental health problems emphasising the critical nature of resilience. While a host of factors deemed to be protective of mental health in young refugees have been identified, there has been little research exploring the role of resilience as a distinct psychological construct. This study aimed to explore the nature of psychological resilience in refugee adolescents and the relationship between resilience and depression, other emotional and behavioural problems, and mental health service uptake. Method. One hundred and seventy multiethnic refugee adolescents aged 13–17 from South Australia were administered a survey comprising the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results. Females tended to have higher resilience, as did those adolescents who had been living in Australia longer. Adolescents suffering from depressive symptoms or other emotional or behavioural problems had lower resilience. There was little evidence of an association between resilience scores and exposure to trauma or service utilisation. Discussion. Fostering resilience may be critical to efforts to prevent or reduce mental health problems in refugee adolescents.

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Kelly, K. B., F. A. Phillips, and R. Baigent. "Impact of dicyandiamide application on nitrous oxide emissions from urine patches in northern Victoria, Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 2 (2008): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07251.

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Animal production systems in Australia are a significant contributor to nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil, with the Australian Greenhouse Gas Inventory attributing ~25% of the N2O emissions from agricultural soils to animal production. Recent studies in New Zealand using dicyandiamide (DCD) in association with the application of urine to pastoral soil have reported reductions in N2O emission of up to 78% and reduced nitrate leaching of up to 45%. As such, the application of DCD to grazed pastures offers potential to reduce emissions resulting directly from animal production. This study was conducted on a border-check irrigated perennial pasture used for dairy production in northern Victoria. Automated enclosure chambers were linked to a fourier transformed infrared spectrometer to determine N2O emissions. The three treatments were a control, dairy cow urine (1000 kg N/ha) and dairy cow urine (1000 kg N/ha) with DCD included (10 kg/ha). The treatments were applied in mid-spring (15 September 2005) and again in mid-summer (25 January 2006) to a new area of pasture with N2O emissions measured for 120 and 70 days, respectively. Soil temperature and soil water content were monitored continuously. Soil inorganic-N was measured (0–100 mm) every 7 to 14 days for up to 120 days. Application of DCD reduced N2O emissions from a urine patch by 47% when applied in mid-spring and 27% when applied in mid-summer. The impact of the application of DCD on emissions from single urine patches lasted for ~50 days in mid-spring and 25 days in mid-summer. These reductions are lower than those reported in New Zealand studies and are likely to be related to soil conditions, principally temperature. The surface application of DCD has potential to reduce emissions from urine patches in northern Victoria; however, the effects are likely to be short-lived given the soil temperatures and high clay content typical of many Australian soils. More research is required to examine emission reduction options that are cost effective for animal production systems.

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BICKERSTAFF, JAMES R. M., SHANNON S. SMITH, DEBORAH S. KENT, ROGER A. BEAVER, AINSLEY E. SEAGO, and MARKUS RIEGLER. "A review of the distribution and host plant associations of the platypodine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae) of Australia, with an electronic species identification key." Zootaxa 4894, no. 1 (December 8, 2020): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4894.1.3.

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Ambrosia beetles (Platypodinae and some Scolytinae) are ecologically and economically important weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) that develop within the sapwood and heartwood of woody plants, and their larval and adult stages are dependent on fungal symbionts. Platypodinae mostly occur in tropical and subtropical biomes, with a few species occurring in temperate regions. Australia has 44 recorded platypodine species including 13 species which may only have been intercepted at or near ports of entries and are without established populations in Australia. The host tree associations and biogeography of Australian Platypodinae are largely undocumented, and no comprehensive identification key exists. Here, we review species records, host tree associations, biogeographic distributions, and morphological characteristics of Australian Platypodinae. For this, we examined collection specimens, monographs, catalogues, taxonomic inventories, journal articles and online databases, and developed an electronic LUCID identification key for 36 species recorded in Australia. This review and identification key will be a valuable resource for forestry managers and biosecurity officers and will support diagnostics and future research of these beetles, their biology, and ecological interactions.

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Greenop, Kathryn R., Osvaldo P. Almeida, Graeme J. Hankey, Frank van Bockxmeer, and Nicola T. Lautenschlager. "Premorbid personality traits are associated with post-stroke behavioral and psychological symptoms: a three-month follow-up study in Perth, Western Australia." International Psychogeriatrics 21, no. 6 (July 9, 2009): 1063–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610209990457.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Previous research has found an association between post-stroke depressive symptoms and premorbid personality. This study sought to investigate further the relationship between premorbid personality and a number of common post-stroke behavioral and psychological symptoms in a three-month follow-up study.Methods: This prospective study was conducted between May 2003 and January 2005 in a Perth metropolitan teaching hospital. The pre-stroke personality of stroke survivors was assessed by interviewing a close family member (informant) within four weeks of the index stroke using the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised. Three months after the stroke, patients were followed up and assessed with the Cambridge Cognitive examination and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and their informants completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-carer distress version (NPI) and instrumental activities of daily living scale.Results: Depressive symptoms were the most commonly reported post-stroke symptom (45.1%). Spearman's correlations showed that high neuroticism was positively correlated with NPI total scores (ρ = 0.37, p = 0.007), NPI total distress scores (ρ = 0.47, p = 0.001), and specifically with agitation and irritability NPI composite scores. Agreeableness was inversely correlated with agitation (ρ = −0.40, p = 0.004) and irritability (ρ = −0.37, p = 0.007) composite scores.Conclusions: Premorbid personality traits of high neuroticism and low agreeableness are associated with the presence of post-stroke agitation, irritability, and carer distress. This knowledge may contribute to the development of strategies designed to identify patients and families who require more intense supervision and support during post-stroke rehabilitation.

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Miller, Peta, Libby Brook, Norman J. Stomski, Graeme Ditchburn, and Paul Morrison. "Depression, suicide risk, and workplace bullying: a comparative study of fly-in, fly-out and residential resource workers in Australia." Australian Health Review 44, no. 2 (2020): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah18155.

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Objectives The primary objective of this study was to establish whether clinical depression and increased suicide risk differed between Australian fly-in, fly-out (FIFO) workers and their residential counterparts in the resources sector. We also sought to identify whether bullying and social support were associated with depression and suicide risk in this cohort. Methods A cross-sectional survey design was used. Completed questionnaires were received from 751 respondents who were employed in the Australian resources sector. Primary outcomes were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale and Negative Acts Questionnaire – Revised. A general linear model was used to examine the association between depression, hopelessness and predictive factors. Results The results of a general linear model analysis demonstrated that depression (partial η2 = 0.02; P = 0.01) and hopelessness (partial η2 = 0.02; P = 0.02) were significantly higher in residential than FIFO workers. In addition, bullying was significantly associated with higher levels of depression (partial η2 = 0.11; P = 0.001) and hopelessness (partial η2 = 0.04; P = 0.001). Finally, increased social support was significantly associated with lower depression rates (partial η2 = 0.13; P = 0.001) and hopelessness (partial η2 = 0.14; P = 0.001). Conclusions Interventions should be delivered to reduce depression and hopelessness in Australian resource workers, particularly through addressing workplace bullying and enhancing social support. What is known about the topic? One-third of Australian resource workers experience psychosocial distress. Research examining factors that influence such distress is lacking. What does this paper add? The results of this study demonstrate that clinical depression and suicide risk were significantly higher in residential resource workers than in FIFO workers. Depression and suicide risk were directly associated with workplace bullying. In addition, social support was an important protective factor against depression and bullying in Australian FIFO and residential resource workers. What are the implications for practitioners? There is an urgent need to introduce interventions that reduce psychosocial distress in the resource sector, particularly through the mitigation of bullying

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Keane, Robert E. "Describing wildland surface fuel loading for fire management: a review of approaches, methods and systems." International Journal of Wildland Fire 22, no. 1 (2013): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11139.

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Wildland fuelbeds are exceptionally complex, consisting of diverse particles of many sizes, types and shapes with abundances and properties that are highly variable in time and space. This complexity makes it difficult to accurately describe, classify, sample and map fuels for wildland fire research and management. As a result, many fire behaviour and effects software prediction systems use a generalised description of fuels to simplify data collection and entry into various computer programs. There are several major fuel description systems currently used in the United States, Canada and Australia, and this is a source of confusion for many in fire management. This paper (1) summarises the challenges of describing fuels, (2) contrasts approaches (association, classification and abstraction) for developing fuel description systems and (3) discusses possible future directions in wildland fuel description and science to transition to a universal fuel description system. Most discussion centres on surface fuel loadings as the primary descriptive characteristic. This synthesis paper is intended to provide background for understanding surface fuel classification and description systems and their use in simulating fire behaviour and effects, quantifying carbon inventories and evaluating site productivity.

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Chalker, Mathew, and Martin Loosemore. "Trust and productivity in Australian construction projects: a subcontractor perspective." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 23, no. 2 (March 21, 2016): 192–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-06-2015-0090.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between trust and productivity from a subcontractor perspective. More specifically it investigates: the perceived level of trust that currently exists between subcontractors and main contractors; the factors affecting trust at the project level; the relationship between trust and productivity. Design/methodology/approach – An on-line survey was undertaken with of 112 senior construction managers working for tier-1 and tier-2 subcontractors in the Australian construction industry. The survey was based on a combination of validated questions from Lau and Rowlinson’s (2009) interpersonal trust and inter-firm trust in construction projects framework and Cheung et al.’s (2011) framework for a trust inventory in construction contracting. Findings – In contrast to the large number of research projects which have highlighted a lack of trust in the construction industry, the findings show that level of trust that Australian subcontractors have in main contractors is generally high. However, bid shopping is a continuing problem in the Australian construction industry which acts to undermine trust. The findings also provide strong evidence that high levels of trust influence productivity on site by enabling greater collaboration, better communication and greater flexibility, agility and informality in project relationships. Research limitations/implications – This research was undertaken in the Sydney metropolitan area in Australia and within an economic boom. It is quite possible that outside this regional context which tends to dominated by larger construction firms and in an alternative economic context that the results of this research could be quite different. This possibility needs to be investigated further. Practical implications – The results indicate that this relatively healthy level of trust is down to good communication and empathy on the part of main contractors to the subcontractor’s welfare. While the results showed that bid shopping is clearly a continuing problem in the Australian construction industry, subcontractors also felt that their contracts were clearly defined and that they were given sufficient time to innovate on their projects. This suggest that new communications technologies can be used to build trust through the supply chain. Given that much of the construction supply chain is made up of small- to medium-sized businesses, the challenge of diffusing these new technologies into this business environment should be a priority. Social implications – Trust in basis of effective collaboration which has been shown to produce numerous social benefits such as greater equity and justice in business relationships and higher levels of productivity and safety. Originality/value – The originality of this research is in using theories of trust to give subcontractors a greater “voice” in the construction productivity debate.

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DAVIES, KERRIE, ROBIN GIBLIN-DAVIS, WEIMIN YE, GARY TAYLOR, and KELLEY THOMAS. "Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. III. Fergusobia from flower bud and stigma galls on Eucalyptus, with descriptions of four new species." Zootaxa 3532, no. 1 (October 31, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3532.1.1.

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Four new species of Fergusobia from flower bud galls and a stigma gall on Eucalyptus spp. in Australia are described. Fer-gusobia eugenioidae Davies n. sp. is characterised by having an arcuate, open C or C-shaped parthenogenetic female witha conoid tail, an arcuate to open C-shaped infective female with a hooked tail region and a broadly rounded tail tip, andarcuate or open C-shaped males with angular spicules and short bursa. Fergusobia fasciculosae Davies n. sp. is character-ised by the combination of an arcuate parthenogenetic female with a short, broadly conoid tail, an open C-shaped infectivefemale with a hemispherical tail tip, and J-shaped males with angular spicules and short peloderan bursa. This is the firstFergusobia/Fergusonina association to be described from flower stigma galls. Fergusobia juliae Davies n. sp. is character-ised by the combination of an arcuate to C-shaped parthenogenetic female with a short, broadly conoid tail, a J-shaped in-fective female with a hooked tail region, a cuticular plate around the vulva, and a broadly rounded tail tip, and J-shapedmales with angular spicules and short peloderan bursa. Fergusobia morrisae Davies n. sp. has a C-shaped parthenogeneticfemale with a narrowly conoid tail, an arcuate or J-shaped infective female with most curvature behind the vulva and a shorttail with an almost hemispherical tip, and arcuate or J-shaped males with strongly sclerotised, angular spicules and a longpeloderan bursa. Other known similar forms of Fergusobia/Fergusonina flower bud galls from Eucalyptus spp. are outlinedand the larval shield morphology of their associated mutualistic fly species is discussed where known. An inventory of allknown Fergusobia/Fergusonina associations from flower bud galls from Eucalyptus spp. is presented. Molecular analysisof Fergusobia nematodes was inferred from DNA sequencing of 28S rDNA D2/D3 domains and a portion of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI). Possible evolutionary relationships are discussed.

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Donovan, Kieran G. "Media Neutrality or Stakeholder Inequality? Why emerging technology requires a rethinking of the stakeholder balance in copyright law." Public Space: The Journal of Law and Social Justice 5 (November 28, 2010): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/psjlsj.v5i0.1856.

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This paper considers a number of emerging technologies and how they challenge the underpinnings of copyright law in Australia. It draws upon the idea that copyright law must ‘balance’ the rights of stakeholders (creators of works, inventors of technology and users of works) in order to provide the most effective environment for the protection and use of works. This paper further suggests that existing copyright legislation can be divided into provisions that offer rights to creators of works (‘front end’ provisions), and other provisions that restrict the rights of users and inventors of technology (the ‘back end’ provisions). It analyses the use of ‘media neutral’ language in copyright legislation in both the front and back end provisions and argues that the creators of works have far broader rights and protections than those offered in the back end to users and inventors. Further, through an analysis of emerging technologies it is argued that this imbalance offers an environment that restricts the uptake of new technologies and fails to properly foster the protection of the rights of users of these new works and technologies.

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Broadbent, Jaclyn, Melanie D. Bertino, Leah Brooke, Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, and George Chalkiadis. "Functional disability and depression symptoms in a paediatric persistent pain sample." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 16, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.05.006.

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AbstractBackground and AimsClinicians treating paediatric chronic pain conditions understand that persistent pain, functional ability, and symptoms of depression often co-exist, yet these relationships have only been described to a limited extent by research. This paper more closely examines the relationship between symptoms of depression and subtypes of functional disability.MethodsParticipants included a clinical sample of children and adolescents (N = 239) referred to a paediatric multidisciplinary pain clinic for treatment of persistent or recurrent (chronic) pain in Australia. The majority of participants were female, (76.6%), and were aged 7–17 years (mean age at the time of presentation was 13.8 years). Data from standardized instruments and interview data were collected from a clinical file audit. The Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) was used as a measure of functional difficulties performing activities of daily living, and the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to measure depressive symptoms.ResultsHigh rates of depression and functional disability were observed, but were not associated with one another beyond relatively weak associations. Contrary to prior studies using different measures of physical functioning, depression symptoms were not associated with PODCI functional disability beyond a minor association with anhedonia symptoms (primarily driven by the pain/comfort subscale of the PODCI).Conclusions and ImplicationsWe argue that prior research has measured physical functional limitations in paediatric pain sufferers in a way that is heavily influenced by psychosocial factors, in particular by the symptoms of clinical depression. In contrast, using a measure of physical functioning (PODCI) less influenced by psychosocial factors suggests that the relationship between physical functioning during activities of daily living (e.g., use of upper limbs, basic gross and fine motor skills, basic mobility) and depression is weaker, despite both being heightened in this sample. Unlike other functional disability measures, the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) may allow researchers to assess functional limitations somewhat independently of depression symptoms. This conclusion requires replication in further studies, but if confirmed, then the PODCI could be advocated as a useful measure to obtain a more ‘pure’ measure of functional difficulties due to pain, relatively independent of depression.

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Allnutt, Stephen, Lucinda Wedgwood, Kay Wilhelm, and Tony Butler. "Temperament, Substance Use and Psychopathology in a Prisoner Population: Implications for Treatment." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 42, no. 11 (January 1, 2008): 969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670802415350.

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Objective: The association between temperament and drug use or temperament and psychopathology has previously been restricted to community clinical or non-clinical samples. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine these associations in a large cohort of Australian offenders using Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Methods: A total of 1322 prisoners from New South Wales (NSW) who completed all dimensions of the TCI and were screened for mental illness using the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing were included in the study. Results: A total of 15% of the sample fulfilled the criteria for a diagnosis for depression, 36% for anxiety disorders and 54% for a substance abuse disorder. Using logistic regression analysis, the TCI dimensions of harm-avoidance and low self-direction predicted depression. Being female, a poly-substance user and having high harm-avoidance, persistence, self-direction and self-transcendence predicted anxiety disorders. Significant stepped trends across age, gender, and type of drug use were found for all TCI dimensions. Conclusions: The TCI is useful in identifying prisoners with a history of psychopathology and substance misuse. This tool also provides clinically relevant information about at-risk individuals and has the potential to guide the development of intervention programmes for inmates.

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Clarke, David M., Ahmad Hatim, Brian Ho, Jiyang Pan, Chee Ng, Kang-Seob Oh, Wu Wenyuan, and Mak Ki-Yan. "Somatic Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in the Western Pacific Region: Questions and Answers." CNS Spectrums 14, S4 (April 2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s109285290002633x.

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It is a commonly held belief among mental health care providers that patients from the Western Pacific region with major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders disproportionately present with somatic symptoms as opposed to emotional symptoms. Cultural norms, such as the stigma associated with psychiatric disorders, may lead members of this population to ignore the emotional aspects of these disorders or deny the presence of psychological symptoms. Empirical support is provided by the lower prevalence of these disorders in some Western Pacific nations in relation to the rest of the world. For example, MDD rates in India (9%), Japan (2%), China (2% to 4%), Malaysia (8%) and Australia (3%) are generally lower than rates in the United States (16%) and worldwide (10%). These discrepancies may be the result of missed diagnoses. Misdiagnosis is related to the increased somatization of MDD symptoms in these populations. As defined by the WHO, the Western Pacific region consists of 37 countries with a total population of 1.8 billion people (1.3 billion in China alone) with diverse cultural backgrounds and demographic profiles, which makes the issue of cultural effects on MDD diagnosis more complex.Patients with MDD or anxiety disorders worldwide often present with somatic symptoms, which frequently accompany psychological symptoms. For example, in a recent report of pooled data from Canada, scores on the Somatic Symptoms Inventory, the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D17), and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) were used to evaluate the association between somatic symptoms and MDD. Of the 2,191 patients randomly enrolled in the study, 78% reported moderate-to-severe fatigue and weakness. Painful physical symptoms commonly occur in patients with anxiety disorders as well. In a European study, painful physical symptoms were reported by 28% of those without anxiety disorders and 45% of those with anxiety disorders.

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Nunn, K. P., T. J. Lewin, J. M. Walton, and V. J. Carr. "The construction and characteristics of an instrument to measure personal hopefulness." Psychological Medicine 26, no. 3 (May 1996): 531–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700035613.

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SynopsisThis paper describes the construction, refinement and implementation of a self-administered measure of personal hopefulness, the Hunter Opinions and Personal Expectations Scale (HOPES). Initial state and trait versions of the HOPES instrument were utilized in three separate studies, comprising a medical student sample (N = 211), an adolescent male sample (N = 280) and a psychiatric hospital staff sample (N = 318). A revised 20-item, two factor, trait version of the scale was then utilized in a prospective, longitudinal investigation (N = 753) of the psychosocial sequelae of the earthquake which struck Newcastle (Australia) in December, 1989. Data from all four studies provide strong support for the HOPES instrument's construct, concurrent and predictive validity. Global personal hopefulness (GPH) was shown to be an enduring characteristic of individuals, with a test–retest correlation of r = +0·71 (over 64 weeks). The association between GPH and trait anxiety (r = −0·64) raised the possibility of redefining anxiety as hope under threat. The hope subscale (HS) and the despair subscale (DS) were moderately negatively correlated (r = −0·32), suggesting that hope and despair are not simply polar opposites. There were no gender differences in GPH scores, however, there were relatively clear age effects, with those aged 70 years and over reporting the lowest levels of personal hopefulness. GPH was negatively correlated with post-earthquake scores on the General Health Questionnaire (r = −0·33), the Impact of Event Scale (r = −0·33), the Beck Depression Inventory (r = −0·54) and the global symptom index from the SCL-90-R (r = −0·43). Overall, the contribution made by personal hopefulness to post-earthquake morbidity was equal to the contributions made by initial exposure to disruption and threat experiences.

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Schaffer, Kay. "Cultural studies association of Australia." Continuum 12, no. 1 (April 1998): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10304319809365757.

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Weller, Betty. "Ecotourism Association of Australia (EAA)." Tourism Recreation Research 19, no. 1 (January 1994): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508281.1994.11014699.

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Fogarty, M. "Australia and its orthopaedic association." International Orthopaedics 23, no. 1 (March 9, 1999): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050294.

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Gittoes, Elise, Elias Mpofu, and Lynda R. Matthews. "Rehabilitation Counsellor Preferences for Rural Work Settings: Results and Implications of an Australian Study." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jrc.17.1.1.

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AbstractThis study sought to identify influences on rehabilitation counsellors' preference to work in rural areas, including their recruitment to, and retention in, rural work settings. Participants were 38 practicing rehabilitation counsellors (31% males) recruited through the Australian Society of Rehabilitation Counsellors and the Rehabilitation Counselling Association of Australasia. The mean age of participants was 38.67 years (SD= 12.9 years, age range, 25 to 65 years). Nineteen (50%) were working in rural areas at the time of the survey. A specifically designed survey, the Work Setting Preference Inventory (WSPI), which incorporated both quantitative and qualitative response options, was used to collect data. Analysis involved open coding of data into themes that emerged from the participants' responses. Descriptive statistical analysis was applied to quantify the prevalence or salience of particular themes. Results suggest that participants perceived preference to work in rural area to be influenced by the unique lifestyle of rural communities and family friendly employer policies. They perceived the availability of employment and training opportunities and supplemental financial compensations as incentives to attract rehabilitation counsellors to work in rural areas. Programs to recruit rehabilitation counsellors to rural areas should address employee lifestyle preferences in the context their overall career development.

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Zadow, Corinne, Stephen Houghton, Simon C. Hunter, Michael Rosenberg, and Lisa Wood. "Associations Between Positive Mental Wellbeing and Depressive Symptoms in Australian Adolescents." Educational and Developmental Psychologist 34, no. 2 (September 6, 2017): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2017.6.

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This study examined the association and directionality of effect between mental wellbeing and depressive symptoms in Australian adolescents. Data were collected on two occasions 21 months apart. At Time 1, 1,762 10- to 14-year-old adolescents from a range of socio-economic status areas participated. At Time 2 (T2), 1,575 participated again. On both occasions, the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS) and the Children's Depression Inventory 2 (CDI 2) were administered via online survey. Cross-lagged, longitudinal path analyses demonstrated a negative association between earlier symptoms of depression and later positive mental wellbeing, and that the reverse was also true, though weaker. The model accounted for 20% of the variance in males’ T2 CDI 2 depressive symptom scores (26% for females) and 21% of the variance in males’ T2 SWEMWBS mental wellbeing scores (23% for females). Depressive symptomatology and mental wellbeing were highly correlated, but symptoms of depression were more strongly associated with later mental wellbeing than vice versa. This has implications for educational psychologists, teachers, health professionals, and policy makers seeking to reduce depressive symptoms or promote mental wellbeing. Focusing solely on the promotion of mental wellbeing, without intervening to reduce symptoms of depression, may limit the potential outcomes that might be achieved.

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Nahrung, Helen F., and Angus J. Carnegie. "Border interceptions of forest insects established in Australia: intercepted invaders travel early and often." NeoBiota 64 (January 21, 2021): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.64.60424.

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Invasive forest insects continue to accumulate in Australia (and worldwide) and cause significant impacts through costs of prevention, eradication and management, and through productivity losses and environmental and biodiversity decline. We used our recent non-native Australian forest insect species inventory to analyse border interception rates (2003–2016) of established species, and link interception frequencies with biological traits, historical establishment patterns, commodities and countries of origin. The strongest predictor of interception frequency was year of establishment. Polyphagous species were more likely to be intercepted, as were more concealed species, although this latter likely reflects the higher interceptions of bostrichid borers and other wood-boring Coleoptera relative to other taxa. Interceptions occurred more often for species native to Asia; in contrast, interceptions from other regions were more likely to be of species invasive there. While interception frequencies did not provide a good overall indicator of contemporaneous species establishments, wood and bark borers were more closely linked for establishments and interceptions. The first fifty forest insect species to establish comprised 85% of all border interceptions of established species between 2003 and 2016, while the most-recent fifty species represented just 6% of interceptions. We suggest that early-establishing species are among the “super-invaders” that continue to move globally, while more recent invasive species may be exploiting new trade pathways, new commodity associations, or changes in dynamics in their countries of origin.

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Liu, Xiaomin, Steven J. Bowe, Lin Li, Lay San Too, and Anthony D. LaMontagne. "Psychosocial job characteristics and mental health: Do associations differ by migrant status in an Australian working population sample?" PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): e0242906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242906.

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Migrant workers may experience higher burdens of occupational injury and illness compared to native-born workers, which may be due to the differential exposure to occupational hazards, differential vulnerability to exposure-associated health impacts, or both. This study aims to assess if the relationships between psychosocial job characteristics and mental health vary by migrant status in Australia (differential vulnerability). A total of 8969 persons from wave 14 (2014–2015) of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey were included in the analysis. Psychosocial job characteristics included skill discretion, decision authority and job insecurity. Mental health was assessed via a Mental Health Inventory-5 score (MHI-5), with a higher score indicating better mental health. Migrant status was defined by (i) country of birth (COB), (ii) the combination of COB and English/Non-English dominant language of COB and (iii) the combination of COB and years since arrival in Australia. Data were analysed using linear regression, adjusting for gender, age and educational attainment. Migrant status was analysed as an effect modifier of the relationships between psychosocial job characteristics and mental health. Skill discretion and decision authority were positively associated with the MHI-5 score while job insecurity was negatively associated with the MHI-5 score. We found no statistical evidence of migrant status acting as an effect modifier of the psychosocial job characteristic―MHI-5 relationships. With respect to psychosocial job characteristic―mental health relationships, these results suggest that differential exposure to job stressors is a more important mechanism than differential vulnerability for generating occupational health inequities between migrants and native-born workers in Australia.

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Cook, Angela. "Health Information Management Association of Australia." Australian Medical Record Journal 23, no. 2 (June 1993): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183335839302300201.

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Evans, A. H. "IV.-With the British Association in Australia." Ibis 59, no. 1 (April 3, 2008): 43–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1917.tb01274.x.

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Siddique, A. B. M. "Phytoplasma Association with Gerbera Phyllody in Australia." Journal of Phytopathology 153, no. 11-12 (December 2005): 730–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2005.01036.x.

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Dent, Owen, Anne Edwards, David Pearson, Bob Lingard, Naomi Kronenberg, Virginia Campbell, Helen Marshall, Nicholas Perry, Sandra Taylor, and Paul Kringas. "Sociological Association of Australia and New Zealand." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology 21, no. 3 (December 1985): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078338502100329.

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Morris–Suzuki, Tessa. "Japanese studies association of Australia conference (2)." Asian Studies Association of Australia. Review 13, no. 1 (July 1989): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147538908712590.

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Edwards, Louise. "Asian studies association of Australia 8th biennial conference." Australian Feminist Studies 5, no. 12 (December 1990): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08164649.1990.9961702.

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Cole, Barry. "Helen Gail Robbins: National President Optometrists Association Australia." Clinical and Experimental Optometry 83, no. 2 (March 2000): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2000.tb04899.x.

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Shell, Terriann. "Website Review: Nursing mothers Association of Australia (NMAA)." Journal of Human Lactation 17, no. 1 (February 2001): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089033440101700124.

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Beaulieu, Jill. "President of The Art Association of Australia: Preface." Australian Journal of Art 12, no. 1 (January 1994): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03146464.1994.11432823.

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Louie, Kam. "Chinese studies association of Australia biennial conference report." Asian Studies Review 17, no. 2 (November 1993): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147539308712934.

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Giummarra, Melita J., Katharine S. Baker, Liane Ioannou, Stella M. Gwini, Stephen J. Gibson, Carolyn A. Arnold, Jennie Ponsford, and Peter Cameron. "Associations between compensable injury, perceived fault and pain and disability 1 year after injury: a registry-based Australian cohort study." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e017350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017350.

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ObjectivesCompensable injury increases the likelihood of having persistent pain after injury. Three-quarters of patients report chronic pain after traumatic injury, which is disabling for about one-third of patients. It is important to understand why these patients report disabling pain, in order to develop targeted preventative interventions. This study examined the experience of pain and disability, and investigated their sequential interrelationships with, catastrophising, kinesiophobia and self-efficacy 1 year after compensable and non-compensable injury.DesignObservational registry-based cohort study.SettingMetropolitan Trauma Service in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ParticipantsParticipants were recruited from the Victorian State Trauma Registry and Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry. 732 patients were referred to the study, 82 could not be contacted or were ineligible, 217 declined and 433 participated (66.6% response rate).Outcome measuresThe Brief Pain Inventory, Glasgow Outcome Scale, EuroQol Five Dimensions questionnaire, Pain Catastrophising Scale, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Injustice Experience Questionnaire and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia.MethodsDirect and indirect relationships (via psychological appraisals of pain/injury) between baseline characteristics (compensation, fault and injury characteristics) and pain severity, pain interference, health status and disability were examined with ordinal, linear and logistic regression, and mediation analyses.ResultsInjury severity, compensable injury and external fault attribution were consistently associated with moderate-to-severe pain, higher pain interference, poorer health status and moderate-to-severe disability. The association between compensable injury, or external fault attribution, and disability and health outcomes was mediated via pain self-efficacy and perceived injustice.ConclusionsGiven that the associations between compensable injury, pain and disability was attributable to lower self-efficacy and higher perceptions of injustice, interventions targeting the psychological impacts of pain and injury may be especially necessary to improve long-term injury outcomes.

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Creed, Peter A., and Wendy Patton. "The Development and Validation of a Short Form of the Australian Version of the Career Development Inventory." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 14, no. 2 (December 2004): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1037291100002442.

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This study used a sample of 2173 high school students, enrolled in Years 8 to 12, to develop a 33-item shortened form (CDI-A-SF) of the Australian version of the 72-item Career Development Inventory (CDI-A). The long form of the CDI-A has been criticised for its length, difficulty and repetitive nature. The CDI-A-SF was devised with reference to content coverage and statistical criteria. Factor analysis of the short form indicated that, at the item level, subscale items loaded on their respective factors, and at the subscale level, the attitudinal and cognitive subscales loaded on the appropriate factors. Strong correlations were found between the CDI-A-SF and the CDI-A at the subscale, composite scale and total scale levels. Internal reliability coefficients for the CDI-A-SF at all levels were satisfactory to good. Initial validity for the CDI-A-SF was demonstrated by associations in the expected direction with career decidedness, self-esteem and decision-making self-efficacy, and by age and gender differences in the expected directions. The CDI-A-SF shows promise as a measure of career maturity where it is not possible or inappropriate to use the full version, although further research needs to replicate the findings and further test its validity.

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Milner, Allison, Anne Kavanagh, Tania King, and Dianne Currier. "The Influence of Masculine Norms and Occupational Factors on Mental Health: Evidence From the Baseline of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Male Health." American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 4 (January 16, 2018): 696–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988317752607.

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Men employed in male-dominated occupations are at elevated risk of work-related fatalities, injuries, and suicide. Prior research has focused on associations between psychosocial and physical exposures at work and health outcomes. However, masculine norms may also contribute to mental health. We used data from the baseline survey of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Male Health to examine whether: (a) men in male-dominated jobs report greater adherence to masculine norms; (b) being in a male-dominated occupation is associated with poorer mental health; and (c) being in a male-dominated occupation modifies the association between masculine norms and mental health. Masculine norms were measured using the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI-22). Mental health was assessed using the SF-12. Results of regression analysis (adjusted for covariates) suggest a linear relationship between the extent to which an occupation is male-dominated and endorsement of values on the CMNI-22. Many CMNI-22 subscales were related to poorer mental health. However, the need for self-reliance was identified as the strongest predictor of poorer mental health. The mental health scale did not appear to be patterned by occupational gender composition and we did not find an interaction between the gender ratio of an occupation and the CNMI-22 scale. These findings highlight the need to address harmful aspects of masculinity as a potential cause of mental health problems. More longitudinal research is needed on the social domains in which gender and health are experienced, such as in the workplace.

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Podlog, Leslie, and Robert C. Eklund. "Return to Sport after Serious Injury: A Retrospective Examination of Motivation and Psychological Outcomes." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 14, no. 1 (February 2005): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.14.1.20.

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Context:It is argued in self-determination theory that the motivation underlying behavior has implications for health and well-being independent of the behavior itself.Objective:To examine associations between athlete motivations for returning to sport after injury and perceived psychological return-to-sport outcomes.Design:A correlational survey design was employed to obtain data in Canada, Australia, and England.Participants:Elite and subelite athletes (N = 180) with injuries requiring a minimum 2-month absence from sport participation.Main Outcome Measures:Participants completed an inventory measuring perceptions of motivation to return to sport from a serious injury and psychological return-to-sport outcomes.Results:Correlational analyses revealed that intrinsic motivations for returning to competition were associated with a positive renewed perspective on sport participation. Conversely, extrinsic motivations for returning to sport were associated with increased worry and concern.Conclusions:The motivation underlying return to sport might play an important role in return-to-sport perceptions among elite and subelite athletes.

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Barry, Michael, and Kevin You. "Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2016." Journal of Industrial Relations 59, no. 3 (May 22, 2017): 288–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185617693873.

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Employers and their associations were hopeful that the double dissolution election in 2016 would end continuing policy deadlock, which had hitherto stalled progress on their desired industrial relations reforms. But the coalition’s less than convincing victory at the polls dashed any hope that such progress would be swift and comprehensive. Towards the end of the year, the government was finally able to secure the passage of the contentious Australian Building and Construction Commission and Registered Organisations bills that triggered the election. But action on other fronts, like implementing the recommendations of the Productivity Commission’s 2015 Inquiry, had been slow. The Fair Work Commission’s much anticipated deliberation on Sunday penalty rates is also delayed, creating more uncertainties for award-reliant employers at the end of 2016. To aggravate matters further, unions are continuously trying to chip away various key features of casual working arrangements, through Fair Work Commission test cases and by pushing strongly in favour of the inclusion of casual deeming provisions in modern awards.

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Barry, Michael, and Kevin You. "Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2017." Journal of Industrial Relations 60, no. 3 (April 20, 2018): 358–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618760653.

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Employers saw some progress in their favour in 2017, including the Fair Work Commission's decision to cut penalty rates in various retail and hospitality awards, and the introduction of legislation to repeal the 4-yearly awards review process. But in spite of these advances, progress on their desired wholesale reform of Australia's industrial relations system had taken a back seat. Much of employer activity had been directed at fending off unions' claims for changes, such as the automatic conversion of casuals to permanent employment, paid domestic violence leave and for a high increase to the nominal minimum wage. Employers' defensive stance on the aforementioned matters was in contrast to the unions' more forceful positioning. Consequently, we argue that in 2017, as in the past few years, employers' remained frustrated at a lack of progress in reforming industrial relations in their favour.

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Thornthwaite, Louise, and Peter Sheldon. "Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2018." Journal of Industrial Relations 61, no. 3 (May 1, 2019): 382–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185619834323.

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For employers and employer associations, 2018 was in part a year of submissions to government inquiries, the 4-yearly modern wage review and the minimum wage review. Issues of numerical flexibility, including casual work, the gig economy and labour hire, also consumed much attention. It was also a year in which public discontent with the business world, particularly with big business, in relation to industrial relations and broader socio-political issues, and the questioning of its social licence to operate have escalated. In examining the major issues that concerned employers and their associations during the year, this article also discusses the pressures building for them in expressing and promoting their industrial relations agendas in response to a looming federal election, dynamic trade union campaigning and growing public discontent with the industrial relations system in its current form.

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Sheldon, Peter, and Louise Thornthwaite. "Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2019." Journal of Industrial Relations 62, no. 3 (April 9, 2020): 403–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185620908908.

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The May federal election appeared particularly important to employers’ views of their industrial relations’ interests. Employers and their associations had long steeled themselves against an unwelcome Labor victory, fearing Labor’s promises of substantial changes to industrial relations’ structures, processes and outcomes as well as taxation. Associations appeared busier than ever, representing employers through politics-related public relations, lobbying and media. With enterprise bargaining withering and most wages stagnant, Labor’s defeat encouraged associations and the re-elected government to engage in another, for-now stalled, attack on what remains of unions’ capacity to collectively protect employees. They have also focused on emergent (individual) employment law challenges for employers but have mainly deflected on widespread evidence of wage underpayment. While the political context again strongly favours employers and their associations, they face substantial challenges from rising media and public criticisms over employers’ widespread abuses of their social licence to operate.

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Rutter, H. R. "THIRD ANNUAL REPORT OF THE AUSTRALIAN ASSOCIATION, WESTERN AUSTRALIA." Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 3, no. 10 (August 27, 2010): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1630.1956.tb00738.x.

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Sheldon, Peter, and Louise Thornthwaite. "Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2012." Journal of Industrial Relations 55, no. 3 (June 2013): 386–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185613480747.

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Thornthwaite, Louise, and Peter Sheldon. "Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2013." Journal of Industrial Relations 56, no. 3 (May 30, 2014): 397–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185614526171.

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Sheldon, Peter, and Louise Thornthwaite. "Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2014." Journal of Industrial Relations 57, no. 3 (February 27, 2015): 383–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185615571980.

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Barry, Michael. "Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2015." Journal of Industrial Relations 58, no. 3 (April 19, 2016): 340–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185616634092.

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Horton, Peregrine, and Joseph Chakman. "Optometrists Association Australia position statement on driver vision standards." Clinical and Experimental Optometry 85, no. 4 (July 2002): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2002.tb03044.x.

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Hayes, Alison, Anna Chevalier, Mario D'Souza, Louise Baur, Li Ming Wen, and Judy Simpson. "Early childhood obesity: Association with healthcare expenditure in Australia." Obesity 24, no. 8 (July 6, 2016): 1752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oby.21544.

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Knox, Oliver G. G., Chris M. T. Anderson, David B. Nehl, and Vadakattu V. S. R. Gupta. "Observation ofTylenchorhynchus ewingiin association with cotton soils in Australia." Australasian Plant Disease Notes 1, no. 1 (2006): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/dn06018.

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Lamoreaux, Naomi R., and Kenneth L. Sokoloff. "The Geography of Invention in the American Glass Industry, 1870–1925." Journal of Economic History 60, no. 3 (September 2000): 700–729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700025730.

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Geographic clustering in inventive activity has often been attributed to clustering in production. For the glass industiy, we find that despite a general association between location of invention and production, there were significant deviations. Centers of production were not always centers of invention, and some of the most inventive areas, such as southern New England, had very limited production. We hypothesize that the growth of a market for technology facilitated a geographic division of labor between invention and commercial exploitation and stimulated inventive activity in places where there were institutions capable of mediating among inventors, suppliers of capital, and firms seeking new technologies.

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Burdon, J. J., P. H. Thrall, and G. J. Lawrence. "Coevolutionary patterns in the Linum marginale - Melampsora lini association at a continental scale." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-007.

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Patterns in the distribution of virulence and resistance in the Linum marginale A. Cunn. ex. Planch Melampsora lini (Ehrenb.) Lev. hostpathogen interaction that is endemic to Australia were examined in a 3500-km pancontinental comparison. Pathogen isolates derived from Western Australia were virulent on a much greater proportion of hosts from Western Australia than they were on a broad range of L. marginale lines collected throughout eastern Australia. In contrast, the physical isolation of Western Australia had no discernible effect on the distribution of the mean resistance of host lines. Within eastern Australia, isolates collected from Tasmania (isolated by 100 km of sea), southern New South Wales, and South Australia showed varying levels of response in terms of their virulence on host lines originating from the same or other eastern subregions. Finally, across the entire distribution of the pathogen, there was a significant effect of distance such that more distant pathogen isolates were generally less well adapted to host lines than more locally derived ones.Key words: coevolution, pathogen, resistance, rust, speciation, virulence.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Inventors' Association of Australia'

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