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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Inventions'
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Hodgson, Justin Dale. "Rhetorical inventions/inventional rhetorics opening possibilities." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1249066193/.
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Vlasenko, V. V. "New inventions." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/28782.
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Vlasenko, V. V., and D. O. Marchenko. "Inventions of 2010." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/22135.
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Hryschenko, O. V. "Arguable paternity inventions." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45491.
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Invention is a new scientific or technical idea, and the means of its embodiment and accomplishment. To be patentable, any invention must have utility and its idea needs to be proved as workable. Only economically feasible inventions, that satisfy specific needs can be called innovations. Invention is intellectual property so it is protected by the law with patents.
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Solovey, M. "Life-changing inventions." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45606.
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No doubt many of mankind's greatest inventions required years of patience, skill, frustration and research. But not all of them. Actually, quite a few of the things you use every day were created by accident.
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Soshko, A. A. "Worlds Stupied Inventions." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40450.
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Each year people create new things in different fields:
industrial machines, gadgets of high technologies, new kinds of art
and so on. More of these things make our life easier and more
interesting, but not all of them. Some creators use all their fantasy
and creativity. As a result – the very strange inventions that can be
not only useless, but also make people laugh.
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Gatlin, Charles Morgan. "Inventions, Dreams, Imitations." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277655/.
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Eight short selections of fiction. "Inventions" consists of two invented creation myths. The three stories in "Dreams" are fantasy tales set in a common dream-world. The selections in "Imitations" are neither fantasy nor science fiction: "Time's Tapering Blade" is an experiment in form; "The Wake" concerns a group of friends dealing with a death; and "Janie, Hold the Light" is based on stories from the author's family about Christmas during the depression of the 1930's.
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Mounier-De, Vaux Bénédicte. "L'attribution des inventions d'employés." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10062.
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Selon la loi du 13 juillet 1978, lorsqu'un employe realise une invention qui, a cause des circonstances qui ont entoure sa realisation, est classee hors-mission attibuable, cette derniere peut etre attribuee a son employeur. Cette etude a pour objet de preciser quelles sont les conditions qui doivent etre remplies pour que l'attribution soit valablement exercee et quels vont etre les effets de cette derniere. L'approche de ces deux questions est difficile car l'attribution est une construction juridique nouvelle sur laquelle le legislateur ne donne que des indications succintes, et sur laquelle les interventions de la c. N. I. S. Et des juridictions judiciaires sont encore peu nombreusesAccording to the law of july 7 1978, when an employee makes an invention that, because of the circumstances of its achievement, is classed "hors-mission attribuable", this invention may be attributed to his employer. The purpose of this study is to precise the conditions to be fulfilled so that the attribution will be validly carried on and to determine its effects. The approach of these two questions is difficult because the attribution is a new legal construction on which the legislator gives rather succints indications and the interventions of c. N. I. S. And legal jurisdictions are still few
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Mounier-De, Vaux Bénédicte. "L'Attribution des inventions d'employés." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608280b.
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Perez, Robert C. F. "Patentability of Computer Inventions." W&M ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625960.
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Tomlinson, Michelle M. "Transformational and Transmodal Redesign in Children's Music Invention: An Exploration Using the Space of Music Dialogue." Thesis, Griffith University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365438.
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Recent research in music education has addressed silences in the literature of learning and pedagogy, acknowledging there is need of more specific in-depth analysis of children’s rich and varied music invention. Children, according to recent research in multimodal social semiotics, select and redesign resources in and across modes to transform meaning and enhance learning in diverse contexts. Investigations in this field of enquiry have revealed how investment of interested action may, over time, enhance conceptual understanding as children apply previous learning in moments of transmodal redesign. Children’s inventive music made in their first school year, when viewed through the social semiotic lens in this study, was shown to promote cognition in music.
Essentially, this thesis explored instances of transformational and transmodal redesign as realised in young children's music invention. Building on existing literature of the praxis of music, the aim was to clarify meanings made in multimodal music inventions by viewing, over six months, the interactions of five-year-old children in formal educational classroom and home settings. The researcher initiated weekly music classes in rural and urban schools. Visits were made to the homes of six children in order to initiate inventive music activities with families. Interactions were recorded on video, and observations and interviews with parents and children made. Parents captured, on video, additional music activities in the home. Other data sets (interviews, observations and field notes) were combined for exploration of individual and group music interactions across contexts.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Education and Professional Studies
Arts, Education and Law
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Bates, Ian George Bindon. ""Necessity's inventions" : a research project into South Australian inventors and their inventions from 1836 to 1886." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armb3924.pdf.
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"August 2000" Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-118) and index of inventors 1. Introduction, overview of years 1836-1886 -- 2. The Patent Act, no. 18, of 1859 -- 3. The Provisional Registration of Patents Act, no. 3, of 1875 -- 4. The Patent Act, no. 78, of 1877 -- 5. Numerical list of inventions
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Jung, Taehyun. "Uses and nonuses of patented inventions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29783.
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Innovation comprises the processes of invention and commercialization. While the importance of innovation, especially commercialization, has been widely recognized, existing studies have largely overlooked the commercialization process. By examining the determinants of uses and nonuses of patented inventions from firms at the levels of technology, organization, and project/invention, this study attempts to help fill a critical gap in the literature. In doing so, it enriches theoretical understandings of innovation and, in particular, builds on the evolutionary explanation of technology development, the Teecian framework on profiting from innovation, Transaction Cost Economics (TCE), the Knowledge-Based View (KBV), and open innovation and innovation network perspectives. It also reveals an empirical reality of commercial use and strategic nonuse of patents. The study is based on a novel dataset constructed from multiple sources: inventor surveys, the United States Patent and Trademark Office online database, and COMPUSTAT, among others.
After examining the factors affecting overall propensity to commercialize patented inventions, this study explores the factors that affect the organizational paths of commercialization. The empirical estimation indicates that technological uncertainty and a strong internal position of complementary assets raise the propensity for internal commercialization. The study argues that openness of innovation processes and network relationships should affect the choice of commercialization paths. Consistent with the hypotheses, empirical estimations show that external industrial knowledge increases the propensity of internal commercialization. The study also indicates that collaboration has diverging effects on the choice of commercialization paths. While collaboration with firms in vertical relationships tends to favor internal commercialization, collaboration with firms in horizontal relationships tends to favor external commercialization (licensing, start-up).
Finally, the study reports findings on the strategic use of patents and then tests hypotheses about the factors driving strategic nonuse. It concludes that a significant portion of U.S. patents are indeed filed for strategic reasons. It also finds that characteristics of technology and firms are significantly associated with different strategies. In particular, firms are more likely to use a patent for strategic defensive purposes when they have larger amounts of assets. The study concludes with discussing managerial and policy implications.
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O''''Connor, Marie. "Do patented inventions represent entrepreneurial opportunities?" Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.728384.
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The central question in this thesis is whether patented inventions represent entrepreneurial opportunities. Entrepreneurial opportunities represent the entrepreneurial process whereby an opportunity is identified, evaluated and exploited. The influence of individual characteristics, organisational context and the wider institutional environment on the extent of opportunity identification, evaluation and exploitation is examined. This study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first of its kind to explore the three stages simultaneously white also encompassing the role of the individual, organisation and institutional environment at each stage. The analysis is based on a primary dataset comprised of 350 inventor survey responses. The individuals surveyed include corporate, public sector (including academic) and independent inventors. The analysis employs a range of regression techniques to establish the impact of individual, organisational and institutional elements al each stage of the entrepreneurial process. The extent of opportunity identification, measured by the inventor's number of patent applications, primarily reflects differences at the level of the individual. Organisational context plays a more limited rote here. However, the role of the individual is less prominent at the .evaluation stage of the entrepreneurial process; contextual factors are more important here. This highlights the role for policy makers in shaping the evaluation of entrepreneurial opportunities which are a precursor to exploitation, as the results show. The fate of each patent is explored subsequently. Whether or not a patent is exploited primarily reflects the organisational context in which the inventor Is embedded, the impact of financial constraints and sources of finance. The mode of exploitation, however, reflects differences according to inventor characteristics, organisational context and the wider institutional environment. The empirical findings suggest a role for policy makers to revisit supports available to inventors to promote both entrepreneurship and innovation.
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Andrabi, Liaqat Hussain. "Intelligent Retrieval and Clustering of Inventions." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187018.
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Ericsson’s Region IPR & Licensing (RIPL) receives about 3000 thousands Invention Disclosures (IvDs) every year submitted by researchers as a result of their R&D activities. To decide whether an IvD has a good business value and a patent application should be filed; a rigorous evaluation process is carried out by a selected Patent Attorney (PA). One of most important elements of the evaluation process is to find prior art similar, including similar IvDs that have been evaluated before. These documents are not public and therefore can’t be searched using available search tools. For now the process of finding prior art is done manually (without the help of any search tools) and takes up significant amount of time. The aim of this Master’s thesis is to develop and test an information retrieval search engine as a proof of concept to find similar Invention Disclosure documents and related patent applications. For this purpose, a SOLR database server is setup with up to seven thousand five hundred (7500) IvDs indexed. A similarity algorithm is implemented which is customized to weight different fields. LUCENE is then used to query the server and display the relevant documents in a web application.
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Munteanu, Radu. "Three essays on licensing university inventions." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3268347.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed August 7, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Diebschlag, Natalie. "Michael Ondaatje's Inventions Literature after Deconstruction." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534427.
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Waysarach, Phongsri. "Employee inventions in Thai government universities." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419591.
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Boizard, Maryline. "La protection juridique des inventions biotechnologiques." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10416.
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La jurisprudence a admis depuis longtemps le principe de la brevetabilité des organismes vivants. La directive communautaire relative à la protection juridique des inventions bioetechnologiques harmonise l'application du droit des brevets à ce type d'innovation et introduit, en même temps, en droit des brevets, une dimension éthique dont il n'a pas spécialement vocation à garantir le respect, du moins, pas de cette manière. La directive communautaire procède, également, à une adaptation du droit des brevets en vue de fournir à l'inventeur une protection étendue. Toutefois, contraintes d'assurer l'intégration de la directive dans l'ordre international, les instances communautaires livrent un texte qui n'échappe pas à certaines incohérences qui nuiront à l'articulation de la directive avec le droit conventionnel liant les Etats membres de l'Union européenneStatue law has allowed, as a principle, the right to take out a patent for living organisms. The European guideline related to the legal protection of the biotechnological inventions does not reconsider the enforcement with the right to patent this kind of innovation, it gives harmonization, but not only. Indeed, taking out patents for biotechnological inventions has entertained fears aroused by the development of the genetic engineering and the guideline has pointed those fears at the risk of introducing an ethical dimension dealing with the lettters patent right which does not have particularly a regard for the law. The European guideline also carries out an adjustement of the letters patent right so as to give the inventor the widest protection. However, as they are compelled to insert the guideline into the International sphere, the European authorities have to issued a text which reveals cetain inconsistencies that will be prejudicial to the guideline itself with the enforcement of the law linking the European members countries
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Davydenko, N. V., and Y. G. Stezhko. "Inventions that have changed the world." Thesis, КНУТД, 2016. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5051.
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Poliushkevych, O. V. "The Most Important Modern Ukrainian Inventions." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8438.
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Synelnyk, V. "Top 5 inventions in medical technology." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45962.
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By defintion, medicine is the science of diagnosing, treating, or preventing disease and damage to the body or mind. A medical invention would be any instrument, machine, implant, or similar article that is useful in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease, for example: the thermometer, artificial heart, or a home pregnancy test.
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Zhyzha, M. I. "Inventions that we forgot to patent." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45618.
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We all know about the amazing world of discoveries and discoverers. Some of them were invented by our compatriots, others were made by foreigners. But there are cases when foreign scientists patented inventions that were earlier made by our home scientists.
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Bardon, Sebastien (Sebastien Remi). "Early stage innovation ; matching opportunities with inventions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44442.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-93).
What makes innovation happen in reality? The challenges companies have faced in building their competitive advantage have been shifting over the last decade, away from operational excellence and global footprint and towards innovation and learning. This thesis explores the interactions between new business opportunities and technological inventions during the early stages of breakthrough innovations in technology. Hypothesizing: a technological innovation is primarily a match between a new business opportunity and an invention. The literature review redacts the recent developments regarding ways of sourcing inventions, new ways to build business opportunities, and best practices for assessing innovation projects. The core of the thesis is a comparative analysis of the interactions between business opportunities and inventions in four different organizations: The Langer Lab at MIT, IDEO, The MIT innovation ecosystem, and LargeCo (a large multinational company whose name has been disguised). The analysis is conducted by describing each organization, gained through interviews and research, with specific attention to the source of inventions, the way new business opportunities are generated, and the dynamic interactions between inventions and opportunities. The analysis of the Langer Lab and IDEO suggests a possible blueprint for inventive organizations, it reveals the high level of attention both organizations pay to business opportunities, and it shows the critical role of the interactions between opportunities and inventions during the early stages of the innovation process. Similarly, the study of the MIT ecosystem unveils numerous mechanisms fostering those interactions at every stage of the innovation process. By contrast, the absence of entrepreneurial behaviors and the adversity of the organization to market-related risks seem to be hurdles to those interactions at LargeCo.
by Sebastien Bardon.
M.B.A.
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Korsun, I. O. "Tор 7 'Inventions' that changed the world." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/28719.
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Polansky, Tara R. "Erasures and Inventions: Re-Forming our Memories." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1309355214.
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Le, Quéré Olivier. "Inventions biotechnologiques et droit commun des brevets." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN0094.
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Le droit des brevets européens s'est orienté, avec l'adoption de la directive 98/44/CE, vers une extension de l'appropriation sur les produits et procédés biologiques. Ce mouvement a cependant marqué le pas, d'abord lors de la transposition du texte communautaire dans certains pays, puis par l'interprétation qu'en a finalement donnée la Cour de justice. Toutefois, pour limiter les effets contestables de l'octroi de tels brevets, il semble finalement que c'est un droit particulier qui doit s'appliquer lorsque l'invention est vivante. Or, une telle approche est contestable et peut être évitée. Il est en effet possible d'interpréter le droit des brevets au regard de sa fonction : récompenser l'inventeur et encourager le partage de l'invention. Cela conduit à considérer que l'invention ne réside pas dans le produit ou le procédé, mais dans l'apport de l'homme à la société. Il devient alors possible d'appliquer cette définition aux produits et procédés préexistants à l'intervention de l'homme, distinguant ainsi son monopole de ce qui n'est pas appropriable sans avoir recours à un droit dérogatoire. Une fois cette définition proposée, il convient de vérifier que les conditions de brevetabilité s'appliquent également de façon similaire entre les inventions biotechnologiques et les inventions inertes. Si les conditions « traditionnelles » ont été adaptées sans réelles difficultés, même si certains progrès vers une application uniforme peuvent encore être proposés, il faut en revanche constater que l'ordre public et les bonnes mœurs ont vu leur rôle trop restreint, alors qu'au contraire, c'est face aux inventions biotechnologiques qu'ils devraient donner leur pleine mesureEuropean patent right was going, with the adoption of the 98/44/CE directive, through an extension of the appropriation of biological products and processes. This movement has stalled, though, first when implementing the text in some EU countries, then the interpretation that finally gave the Court of Justice. However, to limit the questionable effects of granting such patents, it seems finally that it is a particular law that is applied apply when the invention is biological. Such an approach is questionable and can be avoided. It is possible to interpret the patent law in relation to its function: to reward the inventor and encourage the sharing of the invention. This leads to the conclusion that the invention does not reside in the product or process, but the contribution of the inventor to society. It then becomes possible to apply this definition to existing products and processes with human intervention, thus distinguishing its monopoly form what is not appropriated without a derogatory law. Once this definition is proposed, it must be checked if the conditions for patentability apply similarly between biotechnological inventions and inert inventions. If the “traditional” conditions were adapted without any real difficulty, although some progress towards a uniform application can still be proposed, it must be noted however that “ordre public” and morality have seen their roles too small, while it is face to a biotechnological inventions that they should give their full extent
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REICHENSPERGER, LYDIA CHRISTINA. "Three essays on inventors, inventions, and innovation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1227783.
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Utilizzando un campione di 415 inventori che hanno vinto il “R&D 100 award” tra il 2005 e il 2014 per la più importante innovazione radicale, questa tesi analizza empiricamente tre temi riguardanti le relazioni tra premi, invenzioni, ed innovazioni. La tesi si compone di tre saggi.
Il primo saggio illustrerà i risultati di un'indagine statistica condotta sui vincitori del “R&D awards”: “The R&D 100 award inventor survey”. In questo saggio forniremo informazioni sulle caratteristiche degli inventori in termini di demografia e istruzione, il contesto in cui si è verificata la loro attività innovativa, e il valore delle loro innovazioni. Il confronto di alcuni dei nostri risultati con quelli di precedenti ed analoghe indagini ci permetterà di trarre interessanti conclusioni riguardanti le caratteristiche variabili degli inventori, l'evoluzione nel tempo della loro attività innovativa, le loro motivazioni, e i contesti industriali ed organizzativi in cui hanno operato.
Nel secondo saggio prenderemo in considerazione un campione di importanti invenzioni premiate e stimeremo la probabilità che l'invenzione sia brevettata (o no) in funzione delle sue caratteristiche, delle caratteristiche dell'inventore, e delle caratteristiche dell'organizzazione. Sosterremo che un'analisi delle innovazioni che hanno vinto un premio importante (il “R&D 100 Awards”) ci permetterà di valutare le determinanti delle innovazioni che si verificano all'interno e all'esterno del sistema dei brevetti. Per eseguire l'analisi, utilizzeremo una serie di regressioni. In termini di propensione brevettuale, i nostri risultati mostreranno che la precedente esperienza brevettuale degli inventori, il contesto dell'organizzazione in cui lavorano e nella dimensione del team cui appartengono influiscono positivamente sulla probabilità di brevettare. Forniremo ulteriori prove sulle determinanti del valore e del valore di quelle invenzioni che sono state brevettate utilizzando gli indicatori tradizionali basati sulle citazioni del brevetto e gli indicatori alternativi tratti dal ‘The R&D 100 award inventor survey’. Un confronto tra il nostro campione di invenzioni premiate e brevettate ed un campione di controllo di innovazioni simili e brevettate (ma on premiate) suggerirà che le invenzioni brevettate vincitrici del premio sono di maggiore valore.
Infine, il terzo saggio esplorerà la mobilità degli inventori pluripremiati (ovvero coloro che hanno vinto più volte il “R&D 100 award”). Utilizzeremo informazioni dettagliate riguardo l'eventuale spostamento dell'inventore dopo aver ricevuto il premio durante il periodo 2005- 2014 e costruiremo indicatori di esperienza diversi dal lavoro al momento del premio e indicatori occupazionali al momento del premio. Dapprima, utilizzeremo l'analisi non parametrica di Kaplan-Meier per evidenziare le differenze sistematiche tra diversi tipi di inventori in termini di mobilità. In seguito, utilizzando un modello complementary-log- logistic, studieremo le determinanti della probabilità che inventori pluripremiati siano più mobili ovvero si trasferiscano in un'altra organizzazione dopo aver vinto il premio. I risultati indicheranno che le prestazioni precedenti e attuali degli inventori con riferimento ai brevetti e alle pubblicazioni non hanno alcuna influenza sulla mobilità. I risultati forniranno invece prove che essere un imprenditore al momento del ricevimento dei premi è associato positivamente alla mobilità degli inventori.Drawing on a sample of 415 inventors who have won the ‘R&D 100 award’ for the most important breakthrough inventions between 2005 and 2014, this dissertation proposes empirical research on three topics within the field of inventors, invention and innovation. The work consists of three essays. The first essay will present the summary results of a comprehensive survey of R&D awards recipients: ‘The R&D 100 award inventor survey’. In this essay, we will provide information on the characteristics of the inventors in terms of demography and education, the context in which their innovative activity occurred, and the value of their innovations. Comparison of some of our findings with those of prior surveys will allow us to draw interesting conclusions concerning the changing characteristics of inventors and their inventive activity over time and across industrial and organizational contexts. In the second essay we will consider a sample of important awarded inventions from our survey and estimate the probability for the invention to be patented (or not) as a function of its characteristics, the characteristics of the inventor, and the characteristics of the organization. We will argue that by taking innovations that won an important prize (i.e. R&D 100 Awards) will allow us to evaluate the determinants of innovations occurring inside and outside the patent system. To perform the analysis, we will employ a logit regression. In terms of patent propensity our findings will show that inventors’ prior experience in patenting, the organization context they work in (i.e. firms) and the team size they belong to positively affect the probability to patent. We will further provide evidence on the determinants of the value and the quality of those inventions that are patented by employing traditional indicators based on forward patent citations as well as alternative indicators taken from ‘The R&D 100 award inventor survey’. Results will suggest that patented award-winning inventions are more valuable when matched to inventions in the same technological class that have been patented but not awarded. Finally, the third essay will explore the mobility of inventors that have won the ‘R&D 100 award’ for the most important breakthrough inventions multiple times. We will use detailed information concerning whether the inventor move or not after receiving the award during the 2005-2014 period, and construct indicators of experience other than job at the time of the award and indicators of job tenure at the time of the award. We will employ Kaplan-Meier non parametric analysis to highlight systematic differences across different type of inventors in terms of mobility. We will then investigate the probability of multi-award winners to move after being awarded the innovation prize by means of a complementary-log-logistic model. Results will indicate that inventors’ previous and current performance with reference to patents and publications have no influence on mobility. Results will instead provide evidence that being an entrepreneur at the time of the awards is positively associated with inventors’ mobility.
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Jonsson, Mathias, and Stefan Kristoffersson. "Evaluation of Inventions : ReducingTime in a DEAR Process." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1802.
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Legislative changes in the U.S. and more recently Germany, require universities and research institutes to act as entrepreneurs, something that is not necessarily in their nature. Therefore, a number of Technology Transfer Organizations or Evaluation Agencies have been established to handle the evaluation, patenting and commercialization of inventions. The process of evaluating inventions, in this thesis termed DEAR, poses two major challenges for evaluation agencies: (1) the process must be aimed at keeping the inventions that will generate revenues and filtering out those that will not; and (2) the time spent on evaluation should be kept to a minimum, but must never be reduced below the point where potential commercial successes will be lost. The purpose of this thesis is to benchmark the practices of evaluation agencies in order to establish whether time can be reduced in any part of the DEAR process and if so where. We find that there are aspects in almost every stage of the DEAR process that could be made more effective. For instance, it may be worthwhile for the German agencies to reflect on the fact that their U.S. counterparts generally seem to rely on the scientific information given in the disclosure. Also, even though valuation of inventions often becomes a case of"Garbage In - Garbage Out", such valuation may be worthwhile for younger agencies since it may signal that the DEAR process is conducted in a thorough and accurate manner.
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Howard, Leigh. "Stain Upon the Silence: Samuel Beckett’s Deconstructive Inventions." TopSCHOLAR®, 1991. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1427.
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In recent years, deconstruction theory has emerged as a key method for exploring public address, organizational culture, and literary discourse. Deconstruction theory encourages tearing apart hierarchy and established order to gain insights about the artifact being studied. Furthermore, the theory questions surface or superficial messages and encourages the reader to explore signals hidden below the surface. Deconstruction discounts context and places faith in experience.
Using the early plays of Samuel Beckett, this research explores deconstruction as a method to create messages. This new perspective transports deconstruction from a set of theoretical concepts into basic assumptions that enhance communication. This study suggests that deconstructive inventors use processes previously associated with deconstructive criticism to reveal their own beliefs. Furthermore, this study correlates deconstructive invention with rhetorical tropes – metonomy, synecdoche, metaphor, and irony – to create depiction-based persuasion, which asks the rhetor to suspend logic and evoke emotional response.
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Sakamoto, Hiroya. "Les inventions techniques dans l'oeuvre de Marcel Proust." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040009.
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On invoque souvent la présence des inventions modernes dans À la recherche du temps perdu comme un aspect "moderniste" ou "futuriste" du roman réputé passéiste, sans tenir compte de la critique de Proust à l’égard du progressisme appliqué à l’art. Ce travail, inspiré par l'histoire culturelle et la théorie de l'intertextualité, explore la complexité de la représentation proustienne de la modernité, se focalisant sur quatre engins : le téléphone, la bicyclette, l'automobile et l’avion. L'analyse globale des écrits de Proust (correspondance, oeuvres de jeunesse, pastiches, essais critiques, grand roman et manuscrits édités) et l'étude archéologique des représentations littéraires et culturelles (oeuvres de fiction, poésie, textes journalistiques ou polémiques : enquêtes, chroniques ou manifestes, et documents iconographiques : cartes postales ou affiches publicitaires) permettent de mieux mesurer la singularité historique de l’oeuvre de Proust relativement à l’usage esthétique, idéologique et stratégique de ces véhicules. Montrant l’intérêt symbolique, romanesque, poétique et théorique de ces motifs dans l'histoire de la vocation et l’imaginaire du réseau qui traversent la Recherche, cette thèse souligne la dimension sociale et dialogique du style de Proust qui, irréductible à la transcription immédiate du vécu personnel, exploite et détourne les lieux communs de son temps pour créer une représentation allusive et ambiguë de l'expérience et du discours modernes. Représentation amvibalente : tantôt ludique, tantôt dramatique, souvent ironique et critique, qui n’est pas sans être associée au thème de l’ambiguïté sexuelleCritics often consider the presence of newly invented technologies in À la recherche du temps perdu as a "modernist" or "futurist" aspect of a novel reputed to be backward-looking without fully taking into account Proust’s criticism of progressive notions applied to art. By combining intertextual close reading and cultural history, this dissertation explores the complexity of Proustian representations of modernity, focussing on four machines : the telephone, the bicycle, the automobile, and the plane. It includes a comprehensive survey of Proust’s corpus (correspondance, earliest works, pastiches, critical writings, novel, and edited manuscripts), as well as an archeological investigation of literary and cultural representations (contemporary novels, poems, journalistic or polemical texts such as questionnaires, columns, manifestoes, and iconographic documents such as postcards or posters). This contextual analysis allows us to better examine the historical singularity of Proust's aesthetic, ideological, and strategic use of these vehicules. This dissertation not only shows the symbolic, narrative, poetic, and theoretical interest of these motifs within the story of an artistic vocation and the conception of life and the work of art as a network, but also emphasizes the social and dialogical dimension of Proust's style which, irreducible to an immediate transcription of personnal experience, uses and undoes the ommonplaces of his time to create an allusive and ambiguous representation of modern experience and discourse. Proust's representations of modernity are ambivalent : ludic, dramatic, ironic and critical, often associated with the theme of sexual ambiguity
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Klymenko, O. I. "Modern inventions in the fashion and interior design." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14372.
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Gerasimenko, P. M. "TOP-10 accidental inventions that changed the world." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45565.
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Microwave(1945) was invented by Percy Spencer, an engineer and inventor who worked on the magnetrons - devices that allow to generate microwave signals required for the first radar. During the war, radar was an extremely important new invention, but with what microwaves can cook, was discovered purely by accident.
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Gillet, Sylvie. "Le médiateur de la république : inventions et formalisations." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010316.
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L'objet "médiateur de la république" est un moyen de valider et d'ouvrir certaines hypothèses en sociologie des institutions. La question des origines de ce rôle est, tout d'abord, posée. Ce sont des controverses dans des univers professionnels distincts qui feront émerger, presque par mégarde, la loi du 3 janvier 1973. Nous traitons ici des redéfinitions de la science administrative, des critiques doctrinales opposées aux juges, des effets du gouvernement de j. Chaban-Delmas quant aux manières de penser les relations administrationadministres et des conséquences, pour notre objet, de la nomination de P. Messmer. Nous nous attachons ensuite à une étude localisée de l'institution. On s'appuie ici sur deux monographies réalisées dans l'aube et l'eure-et-loire auprès des délégués du médiateur et d'autres types d'"intermédiaires de proximité". Ce sont des savoir-faire et des trajectoires professionnelles spécifiques qui donnent consistance à ce role. Il s'agit, enfin, d'une étude concrete de l'institution dans les locaux parisiens de la médiature. Ce role s'anime, en partie, par les différentes tâches réalisées dans les secteurs d'instruction. On tente également de comprendre pourquoi les divers titulaires ont été portés à se munir de principes d'action propres. Ces trois temps d'observation et d'analyse visent à mesurer comment cette institution prend corpsThe object "mediateur de la republique" is actually a means to validate and lay down certain hpotheses in the sociology of political institutions. First regard the origins of the mediateur's role as stiemming from controversies in distinct professionnal sectors which led almost accidentaly to the january 3, 1973 law. I subsequently engage in a specific study of the isntitution showing the nature of the mediateur's legal status in departments. I rely on two monographs compiled in the aube and eure-et-loire departments with the delegates of the mediateur and other type of "local intermediaries". Finally, this is a study of the institution on the parisian permises of the mediateur's office. The purpose of these three stages in observation and analysis is to assess how the institution constructs itself
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Chauveau, Gilles. "La Copropriété des inventions brevetées en droit français." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375941380.
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Díaz, Pozo Marta. "The role of the requirement of industrial application in gene patenting : practical implications and potential impact on the progress of innovation." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2015. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/33939.
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The major advances in the identification of the human genome that took place from the early 1990s onwards triggered a significant increase in the number of patent applications concerning newly discovered human gene sequences that nevertheless failed to disclose the function of the isolated material, and thus did not meet the patent law requirement of industrial application. In order to address this issue the 1998 Directive on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions (Biotech Directive) 1 required patent applicants to disclose the industrial applicability of inventions covering human gene sequences and related proteins at the time of the patent application. Furthermore, the Biotech Directive established functionality-related protection for all types of genetic inventions, thus restricting the scope of protection granted to human genetic inventions to their ability to perform the industrial application disclosed by the applicant. This thesis analyses the implications of the Biotech Directive's approach towards the industrial application of human genes and fragments thereof in respect of three issues: the assessment of the industrial applicability of inventions concerning sequences or partial sequences of human genes; the distinction between discoveries and patentable inventions when the claimed subject matter is human genetic material; and the determination of the scope of protection awarded to patents over genetic information. The thesis argues that the requirement of industrial application can act as an efficient checkpoint for preventing the grant of patents over human genetic discoveries of no practical benefit to society, but also for impeding the issuance of overly broad patents in this field. At the same time, a strict interpretation of this requirement does not imply that patent authorities will systematically overlook the interests of private firms, but it is intended to set a realistic standard that serves to avoid the rise of undue barriers in the pursuit of research and innovation in this industry.
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Maestrejuan, Andrea Rene. "Inventors, firms, and the market for technology during the Kaiserreich, 1877-1914." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1722415401&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Burns, Charlotte Jennie. "More power, not less? : the European Parliament and co-decision." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251311.
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Schröder, Gesine, Elisabeth Sasso-Fruth, and Lu Wollny. "Balance - brillance - nostalgie: des inventions d'instruments d'orchestre vers 1880." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-60542.
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Etat de l’art en théorie musicale Ce n’est que rarement que les recherches organographiques ont pris en considération l’ambiance et le travail dans les orchestres ou la pratique d’exécution virtuose du soliste (Aringer 2008). Ce que signifiait la naissance de l’Historisme pour une ère qui s’enthousiasmait pour la technologie a été démontré partiellement dans des études de Brown (1999) : l’attraction exercée par des effets sonores massifs et l’institution du chef d’orchestre qui était chargé de penser pour tous les musiciens mènent à une culture de l’interprétation dans le sens emphatique. Celle-ci est contrecarrée par une nouvelle régression (Hinrichsen 1999). Etat de l’art en linguistique Les théories de la composition et avec elles l’aspect dont il est question ici, à savoir les théories de l’instrumentation, sont toujours contraintes de traduire le sujet qu’ils traitent dans un autre medium: du son au langage. Les effets qu’a cette transformation sur la perception du phénomène sonore ont déjà été le sujet de recherches sporadiques (Schröder 2005). Objectifs A travers l’analyse linguistique de trois textes exemplaires sur la théorie de l’instrumentation écrits aux alentours de 1880 on cherchera des éclaircissements sur les mouvements auxquels on se voyait effectivement exposé à l’époque : qu’est-ce qu’on croyait devoir combattre avec les inventions d’instruments? Quels périls pensait-on devoir envisager ? Quelles nouveautés orchestrales désirait-on, approuvait-on, saluait-on avec enthousiasme, condamnait-on? Contribution principale Au début des années 80 du 19ème siècle on assiste en Europe à un changement décisif dans le monde des orchestres. Il s’agit d’un changement qui dans le cas concret de l’orchestre du Gewandhaus de Leipzig se manifeste par la transition d’une pratique d’exécution dans la tradition de Mendelssohn à une pratique qui suit l’utopie de l’orchestre de Wagner. On reconstruira ce changement à l’aide de l’analyse linguistique de trois théories d’instrumentation qui ont été rédigées toutes les trois vers 1880, dont deux par des auteurs de Leipzig, tandis que la troisième a été écrite par un auteur de Genève (Jadassohn, Hofmann, Kling). L’idée de la parité de tous les sons chromatiques et le phantasme d’un « bon progrès » qui concernait le développement des instruments cèdent leur place à une nouvelle idée : désormais on vise à une caractéristique marquée des instruments au lieu d’une infinité de possibilités techniques ; pour atteindre ce but on est même prêt à accepter des restrictions. Les timbales de Pfundt, les trombones à piston du pouce et dans la suite ceux de Kruspe, la flûte de Kruspe et Schwedler et les nouveaux cors de basset, parmi les contrebasses celle à cinq cordes sont tous des exemples pour cette évolution – toutes ces variantes d’instruments remontent à des inventions de musiciens d’orchestre: encore en 1880 l’ambiance intellectuelle du Gewandhaus était caractérisée par le musicien qui ne cessait d’inventer et de perfectionner son « outil ». La motivation de sa créativité tenait à son désir d’exprimer sa virtuosité et de la porter à plein épanouissement dans ses propres compositions ou improvisations. Vers la fin du siècle on remarque de plus en plus souvent la déresponsabilisation de ce musicien créateur. Le musicien est comme dressé et doit sans protester pour suivre les instructions du chef d’orchestre qui contrôle tout. C’est la période qui voit naître les études d’orchestre (Orchesterstudien), parce que venir à bout du répertoire n’était plus seulement une question de la simple maîtrise du propre instrument. En outre c’est juste aux environs de 1880 que change aussi la distribution: on peut observer une sorte de différenciation historique qui se manifeste surtout dans les cordes dont le nombre varie pour la première fois selon l’époque de l’œuvre à exécuter. À côté de cette forme primitive d’une historisation de la pratique d’exécution apparaît pourtant la pratique de l’actualisation d’une image sonore par retouches. Implications On présentera des moyens qui permettent d’analyser la transformation de l’action compositrice en théorie de la composition (langage) de même que la rétroaction de celle-ci sur la perception (et sur l’action apprise). De plus on instaurera une connexion entre la recherche organographique et la pratique d’exécution. Pour la pratique musicale qui cherche à obtenir une image sonore historique ou à s’informer sur les données historiques la prise de connaissance des nouveaux instruments ainsi que du changement de la distribution vers 1880 peut avoir des conséquences considérables. Elle mènerait à une distanciation profonde de l’image sonore de cette musique telle qu’on y est habitué aujourd’hui, une distanciation qui impliquerait - conformément au formalisme - une nouvelle perceptionBackground in music theory Research in the field of organology has seldom been applied to orchestral culture [1]. What significance the budding musical historicism had for an epoch otherwise marked by general enthusiasm toward technology, has been shown in part in studies by Brown [2]. The invention of new orchestral instruments around 1880 and the technical improvements of existing instruments reflect a certain orientation to the past [15 et 17]. Background in linguistics/Romance languages Compositional theories and in turn theories of orchestration, which is the topic at hand, must always translate the object under consideration into another medium; that is, from sound to language [3]. What consequences this transformation has on the perception of sound phenomena with regards to instrumental innovations and in particular a characteristic and specific idiomatic style of writing for an instrument has already been studied on occasion [12 et 16]. Aims By analysing the language in three examples portraying typical everyday practices in the instruction of instrumentation around 1880, insight shall be gained into new currents in orchestration that one truly felt confronted with around that time as a result of the invention of orchestral instruments: Against what did one feel one had to struggle? What threats would be posed by these changes? Which orchestral innovations were desired, accepted, greeted with enthusiasm or condemned? Main contribution At the beginning of the 1880s there was a radical change in European orchestral culture. This change will be reconstructed using the example of the Leipziger Gewandhausorchester by examining the language in three theories of orchestration that were written around 1880: two by authors in Leipzig and, to provide a comparison, one by an author in Genf (Jadassohn, Hofmann, Kling). The idea of the equality of all tones in the chromatic scale, as well as the phantasm of “favourable progress” gave way to a new notion: instead of pursuing endless technical possibilities, one strove for distinct characteristics of each instrument, even accepting limitations to achieve this. Some examples for this development that are described in detail are the thumb valve trombones, the Pfundt timpani, the Kruspe-Schwedler flutes, and the five-string double bass. All the versions mentioned can be traced to innovations made by musicians in the orchestra. Even as late as 1880 the artistic and intellectual atmosphere at the Gewandhaus was one in which members of the orchestra invented or even ‘reinvented’ their own instruments. Near the end of the nineteenth century a growing incapacitation of this type of creative musician may be observed. Moreover there is a new trend: alongside an early form of a performance practice increasingly oriented on historical traditions, the practice of updating a historical sound through the process of retouching developed. Implications Organological research, performance practice, and the theory of orchestration are brought into connection with one another. Knowledge of new instruments and conventions in orchestration around 1880 can have powerful consequences for musical performance insofar as it strives to reproduce a historical sound or in some other way makes a claim to being historically informed. It would radically estrange the sound of this music as we know it, thus making it – in a formalistic sense – possible to hear it in a new way for the first time
Der einschneidende Wandel der europäischen Orchesterkultur um 1880 wird an konkreten Fällen des Instrumentariums des Leipziger Gewandhausorchesters rekonstruiert. Die Reaktionen auf instrumentale Neuerungen wird nachvollzogen anhand von um die Wende zum 20. Jahrhundert entstandenen Instrumentationslehren (Jadassohn, Hofmann, Kling)
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Mackwood, Gae. "Figuring inventions, education in the wake of the postmodern." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0008/NQ59625.pdf.
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Williams, Erin Colleen. "A History Revealed: The Inventions of Minnie Eureka Young." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd_retro/99.
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With my thesis work I question the evidence of history and how this evidence is read. I examine the theory of fractured history and alternate history, two examples of how perception of the past is completely altered when the science of reality is merged with imagination and mystery. As a vehicle for this examination, I use my own family history, something I am familiar with on many levels but also completely foreign to. As a curator of the story of my own history, I ask, "How can we know what is real?" and "If I say it is real, does that make it so?"
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Jarkman, Olof, and Rasmus Kling. "Identifiering av parametrar som påverkar den affärsmässiga potentialen hos en uppfinning : Praktiska förslag för användning i en innovationsprocess." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Projekt, innovationer och entreprenörskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133488.
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Världen är i konstant förändring och drivs framåt genom utveckling av nya och uppdaterade produkter. Utan denna utveckling skulle samhällsutvecklingen troligtvis stanna av. För hur skulle ditt liv se ut utan järnvägen, elektriciteten eller telefonen? Alla dessa förändringar börjar med att en person har en idé som börjar gro och som börjar sin resa mot att nå marknaden. De idéer som mynnar ut i produkter, är av teknisk karaktär och har en höjd av originalitet klassas som uppfinningar, som när väl insteg nås på marknaden blir till innovationer. Alla idéer har dock inte samma förutsättningar att lyckas nå marknaden, utan vissa har stor möjlighet att bli innovationer och vissa har det inte. I de fallen där innehavaren av en idé har som mål att nå insteg med sin uppfinning är det viktigt att i ett så tidigt skede som möjligt kunna särskilja vilka uppfinningar som har potential att göra detta för att ha möjlighet att kunna fokusera sina resurser, så som kapital och tid, på de uppfinningar som har bäst förutsättningar att bli till innovationer. För att kunna få förståelse för huruvida en idé har en affärsmässig potential har vi i det här arbetet undersökt vilka parametrar som påverkar möjligheten att nå insteg. Dessutom har vi undersökt hur en innehavare av en idé kan använda sig utav dessa parametrar för att själv ha möjlighet att analysera och påverka chansen att lyckas. Arbetet har genomförts genom litteraturstudier och kvalitativa intervjuer med personer som har erfarenhet kring uppfinningar och hur dessa når sin tilltänka marknad. Litteraturstudien samt intervjuerna ledde fram till ett antal parametrar som är av intresse att ha kunskap kring. Genom att jämföra dessa med teorin kunde vi analysera fram huruvida de hade inverkan för potentialen att nå marknaden. Ytterligare analys genomfördes för att identifiera hur dessa kan användas för att utvärdera en idé. Parametrarna som identifierades som mest väsentliga för att en uppfinning skulle ha möjlighet att nå insteg är originalitet, marknadskännedom, kunskap och kompetens, drivkraft, öppenhet, timing samt ekonomiska resurser. Det har även visat sig att teori och uppfinnare står långt ifrån varandra när det kommer till hur det praktiskt går till att nå insteg. Uppfinnarna anser att den tekniska lösningen är mest väsentlig medan teorin anser att behovet för produkten hos den tilltänka kunden är det. Vår slutsats är att både den tekniska lösningen och behovet är nödvändigt för att nå insteg, vilket är viktigt att förstå. Uppfinnaren kan få kunskap kring detta genom att arbeta mer strukturerat, se på idén mer objektivt samt genom att göra noggrannare marknadsundersökningar. Vi har även funnit att det är viktigt att våga dela med sig av sin idé, i viss mån, och vara öppen för att kunna få hjälp med kunskap kring kompetens som man inte själv behärskar. Det finns mycket att vinna på att lyckas med att verifiera idéer i ett tidigt stadie för att kunna lägga tid och energi på de idéer som har störst potential att lyckas. Hur detta går till rent praktiskt presenteras sist i rapporten.The world is in constant change, driven by the development of new and updated products. Without these products, the growth in society would in the worst-case scenario stop completely. Can you imagine how your life would be without the railway, electricity or phone? All these examples have at some point started with a person that has an idea. This person then begins to think about it and at some point, begin the journey to reach the market with it. The ideas that become a product and is of technical nature and at the same time has a height of originality, is classified as an invention. When a market adopts an invention, it becomes an innovation. All ideas have not the same possibility to succeed in the market, some have great potential meanwhile some inventions just fail. In those cases, when a person aim to reach the market with an idea, it’s important to identify if it is one of those that have the possibility, and this is better to have knowledge about at as a early stage as possible. This is important to do, so the inventor can focus their resources, such as capital and time, in the right direction. We have investigated the parameters that affect the ability to achieve entry into a market to get a better understanding of whether an idea has commercial potential or not. We have also in addition to the investigation examined how these parameters can be used to influence the chance of success. The work was done through literature studies and interviews with people who have experience of inventions and the innovation process. The literature review and interviews led to several parameters that are of interest. By comparing this with the theory, we could analyse whether these had effects or not, and if so how much. Further analysis was performed to identify how these can be used in practise. The parameters that were identified as most important was originality, market awareness, knowledge and skills, motivation, transparency, timing and financial resources. We have also proved that theory and reality are far apart when it comes to how innovators work and how researchers think is the best way. The inventors believe that the technical solution is the most significant parameter, while the theory considers the need for the product is the most important. Our conclusion is that both the technical solution and the need are necessary to achieve entry into the market. The inventor can obtain knowledge about all these parameters by working with more structure, look at the idea more objectively and make inquiries with potential customers. We have also found that it is important to share the idea with others, but only to a certain level due to demands for patent grants, to be able to get help to gain knowledge about the parameters that the individual does not possess. There is much to gain from the success of verifying ideas at an early stage, so time and energy can be allocated to the ideas with the greatest potential to succeed. How innovators can use the parameters in a practical way are presented at the end of the report.
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Achieng, Spance Joy. "SOFTWARE PATENTS : A study on the patentability of software inventions." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324267.
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The primary objective of the thesis will be to focus on patent protection of software under the European Patent Convention, by analyzing the different approaches that the European Patent Office has taken into consideration since the mid-1980s. These approaches are derived from the different decisions that emanate from the Technical Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office. The thesis will examine the most relevant decisions illustrating the juridical tendencies and basis that have been utilized to decide over the patentability of computer programs. The analysis will conclude with the latest approach taken by the Technical Board of the European Patent Office. The study will examine the patentability requirements of inventions in general established within the European Patent Convention. Sources that will be utilized to carry out this research will include case law, legislation, specialized legal commentary; journals and books. The present study sustains that computer programs may be patented as long as they comply with all the general requirements of an invention prescribed under the European Patent Convention together with the condition established by case law called the technical character requirement. Nevertheless, due to the fact that the Technical Boards of Appeal are not bound by previous case law, the current position could keep evolving as it relies on the stance of the European Patent Office on patentability of computer programs which is seems to be influenced by the changes in the technological world
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Marmagas, William Gregory. "Inventions and jurisdiction : an evaluation of the space station agreement." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29429.
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Yakimenko, D. "Inventions in medicine that are making our life less troublesome." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/62571.
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Today humanity is fighting with many diseases caused by infections, environmental pollution, hereditary disorders and others. A lot of specialists are trying to find new treatments for diseases and prevent their occurrence. They publish information about these inventions in the Internet, magazines and television. In particular: creation of artificial organs (heart, kidney, liver, pancreas and many others), production of prostheses and implants, development of new vaccines and medicines, tumor removal, regeneration of tissues and organs of the body. I am extremely interested in all the inventions in the field of traumatology. Because I think that every person has got traumas in his life (bruise, fracture, hematoma etc.) Treating of fractures is the biggest problem in traumatology as the repair can take a long time. Moreover, the patient feels pain and discomfort. Therefore, scientists have developed new treatments for fractures. A number of them can be described here:
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Ndungu, Martha Wanjiru. "Employee rights over inventions and innovations in employment in Kenya." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20817.
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We live in an economy where intangible assets have become valuable commodities. These intangible assets are created by individuals, or groups who apply their creativity and ingenuity appropriately. The result of such ingenuity and creativity is product that is deemed to be so important that it qualifies for legal protection. Such assets will benefit any individual, business, company or enterprise that has the ownership right or title and the ability to commercially exploit the asset. Therefore, there is an interest in the ownership and control of the assets as well as the manner in which legal entitlement is devised by the law. Where, the asset is an invention that is patentable the law has granted the employer ownership. This thesis considers how the law balances the right it gives to the employer and the compensation it grants the inventive employee. The thesis seeks to ensure that an employee-inventor has been adequately compensated for his ingenuity and for producing the fruits of his creativity.
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Raymond, Lindsey Rebecca. "Predicting the obvious : a machine learning approach to superstar inventions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128608.
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Thesis: S.M. in Management Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, September, 2019Cataloged from PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 36-41).
While patent citations are a common way to measure innovative output, their use as a measure of invention quality involves a paradox. How can we use an ex-post measure of impact (the number of received citations) to identify the ex-ante quality of a given innovation? This paper proposes a novel method of measuring patent quality using patent text and sections of the patent citation distribution with the highest signal to noise ratio. We provide empirical evidence that the bias from using citations to measure quality varies by location in the patent distribution and, contrary to what one might expect, superstar patents are the most predictable while patents in the middle of the distribution are most contaminated with noise. We show predictability of patents increases monotonically over the patent distribution - with the most valuable being the most predictable - and removing the middle of the distribution has little impact on accuracy. We also provide suggestive evidence on the importance of patent text in measuring quality and conclude with suggestive geometric evidence we are capturing differences in underlying patent characteristics. As our model demonstrates, our empirical results generalize to other situations involving highly skewed processes observed with noise. This paper also has implications for empirical work using citation weighted metrics.
by Lindsey Rebecca Raymond
S.M. in Management Research
S.M.inManagementResearch Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
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Cantin, Richard. "Développement d'une méthode prospective : Application aux systèmes de gestion technique du bâtiment." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0045.
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Le bâtiment présente de fortes interactions avec ses environnements naturels, économique, social, énergétique, financier, urbain, etc. Or, l'essor des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication et leur diffusion transforment les bâtiments et les modes de vie des occupants: multiplication des interfaces et des artefacts de communication, développement des réseaux et des systèmes de gestion, etc. Ces changements et les mutations technologiques, sources d'incertitudes et d'interrogations quant à l'avenir, rendent la réflexion prospective nécessaire pour qui veut anticiper les évolutions possibles du bâtiment, les maîtriser et en tirer parti. Une étude des différentes approches prospectives actuelles montre l'intérêt de développer une nouvelle méthode permettant d'éviter les défauts des démarches quantitatives et qualitatives. Nous développons la méthode CLE fondée sur trois axes: la Complexité, la Logique floue et l'Evolution. Tout d'abord, la dynamique des systèmes d'inspiration systémique permet d'affronter la complexité. Puis la logique floue apporte les outils pour représenter les connaissances incertaines et imprécises. Enfin, les métaphores biologiques et les algorithmes génétiques fournissent une représentation originale de l'évolution technologique. A titre d'exemple, nous appliquons cette méthode dans une analyse prospective technologique des systèmes de Gestion Technique du Bâtiment. Un modèle est élaboré permettant de simuler les évolutions possibles de ces systèmes. Les résultats montrent comment la méthode renforce l'analyse prospective et donne une perception nouvelle de l'évolution technologique. La méthode CLE répondant aux faiblesses méthodologiques actuelles fournir une aide à la décision pour qui veut être en mesure d'anticiper l'avenir avant d'agirThe building presents strong interactions with its environments naturalness, economic, social, energy, financial, urban, etc. However, the rise of new information technologies and communication and their diffusion transform buildings and ways of life of the occupants: multiplication of the interfaces and the artifacts of communication, development of the networks and the management systems, etc. Those changes and the technological changes are sources of uncertainties and interrogations as for the future, make the ret1exion prospective necessary for which wants to anticipate the possible evolutions of buildings, to control them and benefit from it. A study of the various current prospective approaches shows the interest to develop a new method making it possible to avoid the defects of the quantitative and qualitative steps. We develop method CLE based on three axes: Complexity, fuzzy Logic and Evolution. Firstly, the dynamics of systemic inspiration allows systems to confront complexity. Then fuzzy logic brings the tools to represent dubious and vague knowledge. Lastly, the biological metaphors and the gene tic algorithms provide an original representation of the technological development. As an example, we apply this method in a technological prospective analysis of the building management systems. A model is elaborate making it possible to simulate the possible evolutions of these systems. The results show how the method reinforces the prospective analysis and gives a new perception of the technological development. CLE method answering the current methodological weaknesses provides a decision-making aid for which wants to be able to anticipate the future before acting
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El-Khattabi, Saloua. "Exils, langues et générations : psychopathologie des inventions subjectives, pour une clinique du lien social contemporain." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN20007/document.
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Les perspectives dites des « cliniques de l’exil » se présentent souvent, dans la littérature psychopathologique et clinique, comme une clinique de ce qui a été perdu, dont le sujet se voit séparé de force. Une clinique de l’objet perdu donc, perçu comme manque ; cette perte est le plus souvent posée comme douloureuse et pensée comme détermination d’un état mélancolique. Or la clinique freudienne de l’objet perdu insiste sur sa construction, son avènement comme toujours déjà perdu et invite à saisir l’exil comme modalité de la séparation d’avec le Wohl primordial. C’est une séparation nécessaire pour advenir comme sujet de l’énonciation. Lacan pointe pour sa part une logique des exils au pluriel. Nos patients d’origine « étrangère » indiquent comment l’exil et le recours à une langue étrangère sont élevés au rang de symptôme et donc à accueillir et soutenir en clinique. Cette clinique « de la vie quotidienne » enseigne que l’exil implique la question de la filiation. Se pose ainsi la question du père. De la tuchè du père, quel automaton ou quelles inventions subjectives pour trouver une place dans le monde ? Cette clinique nous ouvre à des considérations qui nous font relire la littérature de manière renouvelée et repenser la « clinique de l’exil » en « clinique de l’exilé »« Exile » is presented in literature as an awful experience where the subject cries desperately after the lost object. Freudian psycho-analysis shows how important it is for the infant to get exiled from the primordial Wohl. The Lacanian definition of « exile » suggests to talk about « exiles », a plural, i.e as a structural disharmony. We have, therefore, wanted to examine the relationship between « exile », foreign langage » and their function for a foreign patient. The other side of our work is to examine the effects of exile upon the next generations. Actually, the main question is in what way both exile and foreign langage are symptoms when the father’s function is inefficient. We have based our everyday work with foreign patients upon a clinical approach which respects the psychic structure, the symptom and the various solutions or subjective inventions looking for a place in this world among men.Key words
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Mac, Key Anders. "Attitudes towards laws for computer-implemented inventions among developers in Sweden." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-571.
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