Academic literature on the topic 'Invasive insects'

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Journal articles on the topic "Invasive insects"

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Ramsfield, Tod D. "Evolving symbioses between insects and fungi that kill trees in Canada: new threats associated with invasive organisms." Canadian Entomologist 148, S1 (January 18, 2016): S160—S169. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2015.65.

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AbstractSymbiotic relationships between insects and fungi are known to cause tree mortality either through direct damage by larval feeding that can be facilitated by symbiotic fungi, or through insects vectoring pathogens directly to healthy trees. Within their native ranges, the impacts of many insect-fungus symbioses are restricted to weakened and declining trees; however, within the last century tree mortality caused by globally invasive insect–fungus associations has had a devastating impact on trees in both urban and natural forest ecosystems. Unfortunately, Canadian forests have been seriously affected by invasive organisms and an emerging threat is the expansion of a native bark beetle into the boreal forest of Alberta. This paper reviews the symbiotic relationships between selected invasive insects and pathogens that cause tree mortality within the urban and forested landscapes of Canada; it uses these case studies to illustrate potentially damaging new evolutionary trajectories.
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RIZALI, AKHMAD, MOCHAMMAD SYAMSUL HADI, PUDJIANTO PUDJIANTO, and DAMAYANTI BUCHORI. "A new trophic interaction between invasive weed, its biological control agent, and local insects: A case study of Chromolaena odorata." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 4 (March 15, 2019): 1006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200410.

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Abstract. Authors. 2019. A new trophic interaction between invasive weed, its biological control agent, and local insects: a case study of Chromolaena odorata. Biodiversitas 20: 1006-1011. Invasive species have been known to cause biotic homogenization. The presence of Chromolaena odorata, an alien invasive weed, in agricultural habitat has outcompeted many crop plants. The presence of alien invasive weed creates a new trophic interaction especially with local herbivores as well as other associate insects. This study was aimed to investigate a new trophic interaction that has been established between C. odorata, its introduced biological control agent, and local insects. The research was conducted in various land-use types in both of Arjuno and Bromo mountain landscape. In each landscape, we surveyed the population density of C. odorata and its biological control agent (a gall fly, Cecidochares connexa) as well as observed the diversity and abundance of other insects associated with C. odorata. Samples were taken along the transect lines at various altitudinal gradients, from 400 to 1100 m asl. In total, 124 species of insects were found associated with C. odorata which include herbivores, parasitoids, and predators. The difference of land-use types affected the population density of C. odorata but not its herbivores (i.e. C. connexa and aphids). A new association was found between the introduced insect, C. connexa and local parasitoids. The field survey also discovered new associations between the invasive weed with local herbivores such as aphids that are found with high abundance. The aphids were found to have a symbiosis interaction with ants such as Anoplolepis gracilipes (invasive species) and Dolichoderus thoracicus. In conclusion, the ecological consequence of the presence of invasive weed species is the shaping of a new trophic interaction with local insects, even with other invasive ant species. This interaction arguably is part of an ecological process that formed an equilibrium interaction which may cause either a negative or positive impact on C. odorata.
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Wanger, Thomas C., Arno C. Wielgoss, Iris Motzke, Yann Clough, Barry W. Brook, Navjot S. Sodhi, and Teja Tscharntke. "Endemic predators, invasive prey and native diversity." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1706 (September 8, 2010): 690–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.1512.

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Interactions between native diversity and invasive species can be more complex than is currently understood. Invasive ant species often substantially reduce diversity in the native ants diversity that act as natural control agents for pest insects. In Indonesia (on the island of Sulawesi), the third largest cacao producer worldwide, we show that a predatory endemic toad ( Ingerophrynus celebensis ) controls invasive ant ( Anoplolepis gracilipes ) abundance, and positively affects native ant diversity. We call this the invasive-naivety effect (an opposite of enemy release), whereby alien species may not harbour anti-predatory defences against a novel native predator. A positive effect of the toads on native ants may facilitate their predation on insect vectors of cacao diseases. Hence, toads may increase crop yield, but further research is needed on this aspect. Ironically, amphibians are globally the most threatened vertebrate class and are strongly impacted by the conversion of rainforest to cacao plantations in Sulawesi. It is, therefore, crucial to manage cacao plantations to maintain these endemic toads, as they may provide critical ecosystem services, such as invasion resistance and preservation of native insect diversity.
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Hernández-L., N., Á. R. Barragán, S. Dupas, J. F. Silvain, and O. Dangles. "Wing shape variations in an invasive moth are related to sexual dimorphism and altitude." Bulletin of Entomological Research 100, no. 5 (January 27, 2010): 529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530999054x.

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AbstractWing morphology has great importance in a wide variety of aspects of an insect's life. Here, we use a geometric morphometric approach to test the hypothesis that variation, in insect wing morphology patterns, occurs between sexes and along altitudinal gradients for invasive species, despite their recent association to this environment. We explored the variation in wing morphology between 12 invasive populations of the invasive potato pest, Tecia solanivora, at low and high altitude in the central highlands of Ecuador. After characterizing sexual dimorphism in wing shape, we investigated if moths at higher elevations differ in wing morphology from populations at lower altitudes. Results indicate wing shape and size differences between sexes and between altitudinal ranges. Females showed larger, wider wings than males, while high altitude moths showed larger, narrow-shaped wings by comparison to low-altitude moths. GLM analyses confirmed altitude was the only significant determinant of this gradient. Our study confirms a sexual dimorphism in size and wing shape for the potato moth. It also confirms and extends predictions of morphological changes with altitude to an invasive species, suggesting that wing morphology variation is an adapted response contributing to invasion success of the potato moth in mountainous landscapes. Ours is one of the first studies on the morphology of invasive insects and represents a valuable contribution to the study of insect invasions because it both offers empirical support to previous genetic studies on T. solanivora as well as proving broader insight into the mechanisms behind morphological evolution of a recently introduced pest.
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Boykin, Laura M., Karen Armstrong, Laura Kubatko, and Paul De Barro. "DNA barcoding invasive insects: database roadblocks." Invertebrate Systematics 26, no. 6 (2012): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is12025.

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This study examines the genetic data coverage and availability in the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD), versions 2.5 and 3.0, and GenBank for the 88 invasive insects listed in the Global Invasive Species Database (http://www.issg.org). No data are recorded in either BOLD or GenBank for seven of those species. As a dedicated repository of curated barcode data BOLD is either missing data or contains inaccessible private data for 37 (42%) of the species while no data are available in GenBank for nine (8%) of the species. An evaluation of the Barcode Identification Number (BIN) scheme in BOLD ver. 3.0 was also evaluated and in 41% of cases the BIN contained more than one species. This essentially arose due to the 1% delimitation thresholds associated with the BINs and would result in misidentifications. Overall, more information is available from GenBank for the 88 invasive species listed on the Global Invasive Species Database, but quality checking is required to ensure that the data extracted from GenBank are of sufficient quality to make it useful. The implications of these results are discussed, with investment in parallel data silos suggested to be both costly and potentially an inefficient use of resources that may lead to loss of data if the means needed to maintain these databases become unavailable.
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CLARK, KENNETH L., NICHOLAS SKOWRONSKI, and JOHN HOM. "Invasive insects impact forest carbon dynamics." Global Change Biology 16, no. 1 (January 2010): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01983.x.

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Sunny, Anupam, Swati Diwakar, and Gyan Prakash Sharma. "Native insects and invasive plants encounters." Arthropod-Plant Interactions 9, no. 4 (June 30, 2015): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11829-015-9384-x.

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Kenis, Marc, Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg, Alain Roques, Laura Timms, Christelle Péré, Matthew J. W. Cock, Josef Settele, Sylvie Augustin, and Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde. "Ecological effects of invasive alien insects." Biological Invasions 11, no. 1 (July 24, 2008): 21–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-008-9318-y.

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Fuentes, Sigfredo, Yin Y. Wong, and Claudia Gonzalez Viejo. "Non-Invasive Biometrics and Machine Learning Modeling to Obtain Sensory and Emotional Responses from Panelists during Entomophagy." Foods 9, no. 7 (July 9, 2020): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9070903.

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Insect-based food products offer a more sustainable and environmentally friendly source of protein compared to plant and animal proteins. Entomophagy is less familiar for Non-Asian cultural backgrounds and is associated with emotions such as disgust and anger, which is the basis of neophobia towards these products. Tradicional sensory evaluation may offer some insights about the liking, visual, aroma, and tasting appreciation, and purchase intention of insect-based food products. However, more robust methods are required to assess these complex interactions with the emotional and subconscious responses related to cultural background. This study focused on the sensory and biometric responses of consumers towards insect-based food snacks and machine learning modeling. Results showed higher liking and emotional responses for those samples containing insects as ingredients (not visible) and with no insects. A lower liking and negative emotional responses were related to samples showing the insects. Artificial neural network models to assess liking based on biometric responses showed high accuracy for different cultures (>92%). A general model for all cultures with an 89% accuracy was also achieved.
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Jarošík, Vojtěch, Marc Kenis, Alois Honěk, Jiří Skuhrovec, and Petr Pyšek. "Invasive Insects Differ from Non-Invasive in Their Thermal Requirements." PLOS ONE 10, no. 6 (June 19, 2015): e0131072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131072.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Invasive insects"

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Hansen, Steen Ole. "Interactions between the invasive weed Heracleum mantegazzianum and associated insects /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://www.zb.unibe.ch/download/eldiss/05hansen_so.pdf.

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James, Lindsey Taylor. "Invasive." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1524231202288714.

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Couto, Antoine. "Étude neurophysiologique et comportementale du frelon asiatique Vespa velutina." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS166/document.

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Le frelon Vespa velutina, est une espèce invasive introduite en France il y a une dizaine d’années. Cet Hyménoptère social chasse de nombreux insectes, et plus particulièrement des abeilles, exerçant une forte pression de prédation sur l’entomofaune. Son établissement en Europe est donc susceptible d’avoir un impact néfaste sur les activités humaines et sur la biodiversité locale. L’olfaction joue un rôle central dans la biologie du frelon, que ce soit pour la communication intraspécifique (phéromones) ou la recherche de nourriture. Pour limiter l’impact de V. velutina, une stratégie prometteuse serait d’interférer avec son comportement olfactif. Nous avons donc cherché à acquérir une meilleure connaissance du système olfactif des frelons ainsi que des signaux chimiques impliqués dans leur comportement de prédation. Nous avons tout d’abord décrit et comparé l’organisation du système olfactif des différentes castes d’une colonie de frelons. Le premier centre olfactif du cerveau, le lobe antennaire, est constitué d’unités morphologiques et fonctionelles, les glomérules. Nous avons démontré l’existence de glomérules hypertrophiées (macroglomérules), potentiellement spécialisées dans la détection des phéromones sexuelles, chez les mâles. Nous avons également observé des similarités neuroanatomiques frappantes dans l’organisation du lobe antennaire chez des Hyménoptères de familles différentes (fourmis, abeilles, frelons), permettant de reconstruire une partie de l’histoire évolutive de cette structure, au sein de cet ordre. En particulier, nous avons démontré l’homologie d’un groupe de glomérules impliqué dans le traitement des hydrocarbures cuticulaires, signaux de reconnaissance intraspécifique, chez les frelons et les fourmis. Ce système a pu représenter une préadaptation pour l’apparition de comportements sociaux dans ces familles. De plus, nos résultats ont montré que le nombre de glomérules dans ce système varie fortement chez différentes espèces de frelons, probablement en relation avec les différents niveaux de sympatrie dans lesquels vivent ces espèces. Le lobe antennaire des frelons présente ainsi des adaptations concernant aussi bien le nombre de glomérules que leurs volumes respectifs. Enfin, nous avons effectué des essais comportementaux pour déterminer quels composés odorants sont impliqués dans l’attraction de V. velutina envers les ruches d’abeilles domestiques. Nos résultats suggèrent que les ouvrières de frelon sont sélectivement attirées par des odorants indiquant la présence de ruches, dont des phéromones d’abeille. Ces résultats permettent d’envisager le développement de stratégies de piégeage utilisant des appâts olfactifs spécifiques
The hornet Vespa velutina is an invasive species introduced from China to France about 10 years ago. This social hymenoptera preys on numerous insects species, but predominantly from honeybee colonies, hence exerting a stong predation pressure on insect fauna. Its etablishment to Europe can have strong detrimental effects on human activities and local biodiversity. Olfaction plays a central role in the biology and behavior of hornets, for both intraspecific communication or food search. To limit the impact of V. Velutina, a promising strategy would be to interfere with its olfactory behaviors. We thus aimed to acquire a better knowledge on the olfactory system of hornets and on the chemical signals involved in their predatory behavior. We first described and compared the organization of the olfactory system of the different castes of hornets. The first olfactory processing center, the antennal lobe, consists of morphological and functional units, the glomeruli. We have demonstrated the existence of enlarged glomeruli (macroglomeruli), potentially specialized in the detection of sex pheromones in males. We also observed striking neuroanatomical similarities in the antennal lobe organization of different Hymenoptera families (ants, bees, hornets) allowing to retrace part of the evolutionary history of this structure within that insect order. In particular, we demonstrated the homology of a glomerular cluster involved in the processing of cuticular hydrocarbons (intraspecific recognition signals) among hornets and ants. This systsem could be a preadaptation for the emergence of social behaviors in these families. In addition, our results showed that the number of glomeruli within this system varies across hornet species, probably due to the different sympatry levels these species experience. The hornet antennal lobe presents adaptations both in the number and the volume of glomeruli. Finally, we performed behavioral tests to identify odor compounds involved in the attraction of V. Velutina towards bee hives. Our results suggest that workers are selectively attracted to olfactory cues indicating the presence of hives, including some honeybee pheromones. These results allow considering the development of trapping strategies using specific baits
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Curtis, Tracy Renee. "Mechanisms facilitating the success of an invasive social wasp species in North America relative to a native species." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3164710.

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Mukwevho, Vuledzani Oral. "The Harlequin ladybeetle Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: effects on arthropods in urban, agricultural and natural ecosystems." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97870.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Invasive arthropod predators are one of the largest and most diverse groups of invasive insects in the world. Many are generalist predators, with cosmopolitan distributions due to their use as biological control agents in agriculture. Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), an invasive arthropod predator species native to Asia, which now has a world-wide distribution. It is considered one of the most successful biological control predator species and is generally considered to be economically beneficial. However, negative effects have recently emerged in agricultural and natural systems. Harmonia axyridis poses a threat to biodiversity as it outcompetes native species for food resources. It can also feed directly on native predatory arthropods that disrupt natural ecosystem processes. Their movement in-and-out of agricultural landscapes may depend on food availability with natural vegetation alongside agricultural areas often utilised for refuge and alternative food resources. This beetle has also been recorded in urban areas. The aim of this study was to determine how the invasive H. axyridis beetle uses the local landscape in the Western Cape province, South Africa, and to determine its threat to native species. I sampled urban landscapes, vineyards, natural vegetation/vineyard edge zones and pristine natural areas for arthropods every second month using a suction sampler. Data collected included the abundance and diversity of H. axyridis, herbivores, local predators and non-Harmonia ladybeetles. Most H. axyridis were collected in urban areas during all sampling periods. Highest abundance was recorded in May and July (winter). This indicates that urban areas were the preferred landscape feature and that these act as ovipositing areas, particularly as larval H. axyridis were also only collected in urban areas. Significantly, vineyards and natural vegetation had very low abundance of H. axyridis, questioning their value as a biological control agent in this region. Harmonia axyridis had a negative effect on the overall local arthropod community, as well as the predator and herbivore guilds, although it was positively correlated with the abundance of non-Harmonia ladybeetles. This suggests that H. axyridis and non-Harmonia ladybeetles are responding to the same resources in these landscapes. A negative correlation found between H. axyridis and the abundance of predators is most likely due to competition for the same resources (e.g. prey items). These negative impacts, along with their negligible value as biological control agents in agriculture, suggest that a programme should be implemented to control this invasive species. More specifically, control should be aimed in urban areas during winter when and where the species aggregates and when larvae are present.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geleedpotige roofdiere is een van die grootste en mees diverse groepe van uitheemse insekte in die wêreld. Die meeste is veelsydige roofdiere, met wêreldwye verspreiding te danke aan hul gebruik as biologiese beheer agente in landbou gebiede. Byvoorbeeld, Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), 'n indringer geleedpotige roofdier spesies inheems aan Asië, het nou 'n wêreldwye verspreiding. Dit word beskou as die mees suksesvolle roofdier spesies wat gebruik word vir biologiese beheer en word oor die algemeen beskou as ekonomies voordelig. Negatiewe effekte was onlangs aangeteken beide in landbou gebiede en natuurlike areas. Harmonia axyridis hou 'n bedreiging in vir inheemse biodiversiteit as dit inheemse spesies uitkompeteer vir voedsel bronne. Dit kan ook direk voed op plaaslike roofsugtige geleedpotiges wat trofiese vlakke ontwrig en uiteindelik, biodiversiteit. Hulle beweging in-en-uit landbou landskappe kan gekoppel word aan die beskikbaarheid van voedsel, en gebruik natuurlike plantegroei langs landbou gebiede dikwels as 'n toevlugs oord en area vir alternatiewe voedsel bronne. Harmonia axyridis word ook in stedelike gebiede aangeteken. Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaal hoe die indringer Harlekynkewer die plaaslike landskap gebruik met die fokus op wingerde in die Wes-Kaap provinsie van Suid-Afrika, en tweedens om die bedreiging wat hierdie kewer moontlik vir inheemse spesies te bepaal. Ek het arthropoda in stedelike landskappe, wingerde, natuurlike plantegroei / wingerd rand sones en ongerepte natuurlike areas elke twee maande met behulp van 'n D-vac versamel. Monsters was ontleed deur gebruik te maak van die getalle van H. axyridis, herbivore, plaaslike roofdiere en nie-Harmonia liewenheers kewers. Die meeste H. axyridis was in stedelike gebiede versamel gedurende al die seisoene, maar meeste individue was gedurende Mei en Julie (winter) versamel. Hierdie toon dat stedelike gebiede die voorkeur-landskappe is vir hierdie kewers en dat hierdie gebiede opgetree as eierleggende gebiede, veral omdat larwes van H. axyridis slegs in hierdie gebiede aangeteken was. Wingerde en die natuurlike plantegroei het baie lae getalle H. axyridis gehuisves wat hul waarde as biobeheermiddel bevraagteken. Harmonia axyridis het 'n negatiewe uitwerking op die algehele plaaslike geleedpotige gemeenskappe gehad, asook op die die roofdier en herbivoor gildes, maar hul getalle was positief gekorreleer met die getalle van nie-Harmonia liewenheerskewers. Dit dui daarop dat H. axyridis en nie-Harmonia liewenheerskewers beide reageer op dieselfde hulpbronne in hierdie landskappe. 'n Negatiewe korrelasie was gevind tussen die getalle van H. axyridis en die getalle van ander predatoriese geleedpotiges at waarskynlik te danke was aan mededinging tussen hierdie groepe vir dieselfde hulpbronne (bv prooi). Hierdie negatiewe invloede, asook hul verminderde waarde as biobeheeragente in die landbou, dui daarop dat 'n program in werking gestel moet word om hierdie indringerspesies te beheer. Meer spesifiek, beheer moet gedurende die winter en in stedelike gebiede geskied, waar en wanneer hierdie spesie op sy volopste is en waar larwes teenwoordig is.
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Rhule, Emma Louise. "Investigations into the sexually transmitted mite, Coccipolipus hippodamiae (Acarina: Podapolipidae), as a potential control agent of the invasive ladybird, Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), in Britain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708406.

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Guichard, Sylvain. "Modelling the proximal source of intercepted exotic insects." Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1472.

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Biological invasions are major threats to any nation’s economy and biodiversity. To detect new biological incursions of some species biosecurity agencies deploy pheromone sentinel traps for targeted species at high risk sites such as airports, seaports and transitional facilities. A good example is the gypsy moth surveillance program in New Zealand. Following the detection of an incursion by an unwanted organism, ground-based searches to locate the source can be very expensive, but are essential to identify the introduction pathway and to increase the chances of success eradicating the unwanted organism. In such circumstances, the possibility of better targeting the search for the source of the incursion using a modelling approach is worthy of investigation A stochastic mechanistic model to hindcast moth flight from a recapture location to the release location was developed based on insect behaviour in response to wind and pheromones. The model was composed of two main processes, 1) downwind dispersal, assumed to result from an appetitive behaviour, indicated by an analysis of a previous mark-release-recapture experiment on painted apple moth (Teia anartoides, Walker) and, 2) anemotaxic dispersal inspired by pheromone anemotaxis theory but up-scaled from a fine-scaled behaviour model to a 2 m scale. A genetic algorithm was used to fit some model parameters. A specialised fitness function was developed to allow the genetic algorithm to identify parameters that resulted in models that reflected both the spread and density patterns in the trapping data. The resulting function allowed the stochastic model results to be compared with the inherently stochastic trapping data. The resulting individual based model simulates the spatio-temporal dispersal pattern of painted apple moth recorded during a previous mark-release-recapture experiment. While the proposed model is shown to have limitations with respect to accuracy and precision it is also demonstrated to greatly improve biosecurity incursion response capability, by more efficient targeting of search effort for the proximal source of an incursion.
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Pitt, Joel Peter William. "Modelling the spread of invasive species across heterogeneous landscapes." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/912.

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Invasive species are well known to cause millions of dollars of economic as well as ecological damage around the world. New Zealand, as an island nation, is fortunate because it has the opportunity to regulate and monitor travel and trade to prevent the establishment of new species. Nevertheless foreign species continue to arrive at the borders and continue to cross them, thus requiring some form of management. The control and management of a new incursion of an invasive species would clearly benefit from predictive tools that might indicate where and how quickly the species is likely to spread after it has established. During the process of spread an invasing species must interact with a complex and heterogeneous environment and the suitability of the habitat in a region determines whether it survives. Many dispersal models ignore such interactions and while they may be interesting theoretical models, they are less useful for practical management of invasive species. The purpose of this study was to create and investigate the behaviour of a spatially explicit model that simulates insect dispersal over realistic landscapes. The spatially explicit model (Modular Dispersal in GIS, MDiG) was designed as am open-source modular framework for dispersal simulation integrated within a GIS. The model modules were designed to model an an approximation of local diffusion, long distance dispersal, growth, and chance population mortality based on the underlying suitability of a region for establishment of a viable population. The spatially explicit model has at its core a dispersal module to simulate long distance dispersal based an underlying probability distribution of dispersal events. This study illustrates how to extract the frequency of long distance dispersal events, as well as their distance, from time stamped occurrence data, to fit a Cauchy probability distribution that comprises the dispersal module. An investigation of the long distance dispersal modules behaviour showed that, in general, it generated predictions of the rate of spread consistent with those of analytical partial differential and integrodifference equations. However, there were some differences. Spread rate was found to be mainly dependent on the measurement technique used to determine the invasion front or boundary, therefore an alternative method to determine the boundary of a population for fat-tailed dispersal kernels is presented. The method is based on the point of greatest change in population density. While previously it was thought that number of foci rather than foci size was more important in stratified dispersal and that finer resolution simulations would spread more quickly, simulations in this study showed that there is an optimal resolution for higher spread rates and rate of area increase. Additionally, much research has suggested that the observed lag at the beginning of an invasion may be due to lack of suitable habitats or low probability of individuals striking the right combination of conditions in a highly heterogeneous environment. This study shows an alternative explanation may simply be fewer dispersal event sources. A case study is described that involved the application of the spatially explicit dispersal model to Argentine ant spread to recreate the invasion history of that species in New Zealand. Argentine ant is a global invasive pest which arrived in New Zealand in 1990 and has since spread to both main islands of New Zealand, primarily through human mediated dispersal. The spatially explicit simulation model and its prediction ability were compared to that of a uniform spread model based on equivalent total area covered. While the uniform spread model gave more accurate predictions of observed occurrences early in the invasion process it was less effective as the invasion progressed. The spatially explicit model predicted areas of high probability of establishment (hot spots) consistent with where populations have been found but accuracy varied between 40-70% depending on the year of the simulation and parameter selection. While the uniform spread model sometimes slightly outperformed or was equivalent to the simulation with respect to accuracy early in the invasion process, it did not show the relative risk of establishment and was less effective later in the invasion when stochastic random events generated by the simulation model were averaged to represent trends in the pattern of spread. Additionally, probabilistic predictions as generated by the spatially explicit model allow the uncertainty of prediction to be characterised and communicated. This thesis demonstrates that heterogeneous spread models can give more insight and detail than one dimensional or homogeneous spread models but that both can be useful at different stages of the invasion process. The importance of compiling appropriate data on dispersal and habitat suitability to aid invasion management has been highlighted. Additionally, a number of important hypotheses that need to be addressed to increase understanding of how species interact with the complex environment, have been identified and discussed.
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Fernandez-Conradi, Pilar. "Diversité des arbres et résistance des forêts aux invasions biologiques : application au chataignier et son complexe de bioagresseurs exotiques, chancre (Cryphonectria parasitica) et cynips (Dryocosmus Kuriphilus)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0940/document.

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Les plantes sont au centre d’une grande diversité d’interactions biotiques entre organismes plus ou moins proches qui les exploitent en tant que ressources. L’objectif de cette thèse a été de comprendre comment les infections fongiques de la plante et la diversité des arbres en forêt modifient les interactions arbres-insectes. Nous avons tout d’abord effectué une méta-analyse pour poser le cadre théorique des effets indirects des infections fongiques sur les insectes herbivores associés aux mêmes plantes hôtes. L'effet de l’infection préalable des plantes par les champignons sur les préférences et performances des insectes s’avère généralement négatif. Cependant, la magnitude de cet effet délétère varie selon le mode de vie du champignon, la guilde trophique de l’insecte et la spatialité des interactions (interactions locales vs distantes). Nous avons ensuite analysé de façon empirique les interactions tripartites entre le châtaignier européen (Castanea sativa) et deux de ses bioagresseurs exotiques: le cynips (Dryocosmus kuriphilus), insecte galligène, et Cryphonectria parasitica, champignon pathogène responsable de la maladie du chancre. L'effet sur les taux d’infestation par le cynips de la composition spécifique en essences forestières des forêts de châtaigniers atteintes de chancre a été également étudié. Afin d'identifier les mécanismes sous-jacents aux effets de la diversité des forêts sur cet insecte invasif, les communautés d'insectes parasitoïdes et de champignons endophytes présents dans les galles ont été décrites. Les taux d’infection par le cynips étaient plus faibles dans les mélanges de châtaignier avec du chêne et du frêne que dans des parcelles de châtaignier monospécifiques ou dans les mélanges avec du pin. La composition des forêts influence aussi la composition des communautés de parasitoïdes associés aux galles du cynips mais pas leur abondance, richesse ou diversité. Les communautés de champignons endophytes des galles, étudiées par des méthodes de séquençage de nouvelle génération, sont indépendantes de la composition forestière. Par contre, celles présentes dans les galles différent fortement de celles des tissus foliaires adjacents. Nous avons ainsi apporté de nouvelles preuves que la diversité des plantes et les champignons pathogènes sont des facteurs clés déterminant les interactions plantes-insectes. Etudier comment les plantes interagissent avec leurs insectes et champignons associés, et les mécanismes sous-jacents à l’effet de la diversité des plantes sur ces interactions, doit permettre de mieux comprendre les relations entre diversité et fonctionnement des écosystèmes et de proposer des applications pour la gestion des bio-agresseurs forestiers natifs et exotiques
Plants are the playground of a large diversity of biotic interactions between related and unrelated organisms exploiting them as common resources. The aim of this thesis was to understand how plant-insect interactions vary with fungal infection of their host plant and plant diversity. I first performed a meta-analysis to provide a theoretical background for plant-mediated effects of fungal infection on herbivorous insects. Overall, I found a negative plant-mediated effect of fungi on both insect preference and performance. However, this effect varied according to fungus lifestyle, insect feeding guild and spatial location of the interactions (local vs distant). Then I experimentally tested plant-fungus-insect tripartite interactions in the particular case of exotic bio-aggressors of the European chestnut (Castanea sativa): the Asian chestnut Gall Wasp (ACGW, Dryocosmus kuriphilus), and the fungal pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight. I performed an observational study, in natural chestnut forest stands in Italy, where I tested how ACGW infestation rates vary with the tree species composition. I also investigated the mechanisms underlying plant diversity effects on the invasive pest, with a particular focus on its natural enemies such as insect parasitoids and endophytic fungi. ACGW infestation rates was lower in oak and ash chestnut mixtures compared to monocultures or pine-chestnut mixtures. Plot composition also influenced ACGW parasitoid community composition but not their abundances, diversity or richness. Endophytic communities of galls, described by using next generation sequencing methods, did not vary with plot composition. However, they strongly differed from surrounding leaf tissues. We thus provided evidence that plant diversity and fungal pathogens are key drivers of plant-insect interactions. Understanding how plants interact with associated insects and fungi, and mechanisms underlying plant diversity effect on these interactions, will improve our knowledge on diversity-ecosystem functioning relationships and will have practical applications for the management of native and exotic forest pests
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Peacock, Lora. "Eco-climatic assessment of the potential establishment of exotic insects in New Zealand." Lincoln University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1530.

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To refine our knowledge and to adequately test hypotheses concerning theoretical and applied aspects of invasion biology, successful and unsuccessful invaders should be compared. This study investigated insect establishment patterns by comparing the climatic preferences and biological attributes of two groups of polyphagous insect species that are constantly intercepted at New Zealand's border. One group of species is established in New Zealand (n = 15), the other group comprised species that are not established (n = 21). In the present study the two groups were considered to represent successful and unsuccessful invaders. To provide background for interpretation of results of the comparative analysis, global areas that are climatically analogous to sites in New Zealand were identified by an eco-climatic assessment model, CLIMEX, to determine possible sources of insect pest invasion. It was found that south east Australia is one of the regions that are climatically very similar to New Zealand. Furthermore, New Zealand shares 90% of its insect pest species with that region. South east Australia has close trade and tourism links with New Zealand and because of its proximity a new incursion in that analogous climate should alert biosecurity authorities in New Zealand. Other regions in western Europe and the east coast of the United States are also climatically similar and share a high proportion of pest species with New Zealand. Principal component analysis was used to investigate patterns in insect global distributions of the two groups of species in relation to climate. Climate variables were reduced to temperature and moisture based principal components defining four climate regions, that were identified in the present study as, warm/dry, warm/wet, cool/dry and cool/moist. Most of the insect species established in New Zealand had a wide distribution in all four climate regions defined by the principal components and their global distributions overlapped into the cool/moist, temperate climate where all the New Zealand sites belong. The insect species that have not established in New Zealand had narrow distributions within the warm/wet, tropical climates. Discriminant analysis was then used to identify which climate variables best discriminate between species presence/absence at a site in relation to climate. The discriminant analysis classified the presence and absence of most insect species significantly better than chance. Late spring and early summer temperatures correctly classified a high proportion of sites where many insect species were present. Soil moisture and winter rainfall were less effective discriminating the presence of the insect species studied here. Biological attributes were compared between the two groups of species. It was found that the species established in New Zealand had a significantly wider host plant range than species that have not established. The lower developmental threshold temperature was on average, 4°C lower for established species compared with non-established species. These data suggest that species that establish well in New Zealand have a wide host range and can tolerate lower temperatures compared with those that have not established. No firm conclusions could be drawn about the importance of propagule pressure, body size, fecundity or phylogeny for successful establishment because data availability constrained sample sizes and the data were highly variable. The predictive capacity of a new tool that has potential for eco-climatic assessment, the artificial neural network (ANN), was compared with other well used models. Using climate variables as predictors, artificial neural network predictions were compared with binary logistic regression and CLIMEX. Using bootstrapping, artificial neural networks predicted insect presence and absence significantly better than the binary logistic regression model. When model prediction success was assessed by the kappa statistic there were also significant differences in prediction performance between the two groups of study insects. For established species, the models were able to provide predictions that were in moderate agreement with the observed data. For non-established species, model predictions were on average only slightly better than chance. The predictions of CLIMEX and artificial neural networks when given novel data, were difficult to compare because both models have different theoretical bases and different climate databases. However, it is clear that both models have potential to give insights into invasive species distributions. Finally the results of the studies in this thesis were drawn together to provide a framework for a prototype pest risk assessment decision support system. Future research is needed to refine the analyses and models that are the components of this system.
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Books on the topic "Invasive insects"

1

Spilsbury, Richard. Invasive insect species. New York: PowerKids Press Publishing, 2015.

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Paine, Timothy D. Invasive Forest Insects, Introduced Forest Trees, and Altered Ecosystems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5162-x.

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Reardon, Richard C. Overview of the Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team biological control program for invasive species: 1995 through 2007. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Service, FHTET, 2006.

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Office, United States Government Accountability. Invasive forest pests: Lessons learned from three recent infestations may aid in managing future efforts : report to the Chairman, Committee on Resources, House of Representatives. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2006.

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ill, Ricks Sam, ed. Invasion of the insects. New York: Little Simon, 2017.

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1957-, Smith Duncan, ed. Ant invasion. London: HarperCollins Children's, 2009.

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Muniappan, R. Survey of insect pests of crops and invasive weeds in the Republic of Palau. Koror, Republic of Palau: Palau Community College, Cooperative Research and Extension, 1999.

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ill, Anderson Wayne, ed. Invasion of the giant bugs. [S.l.]: HarperFestival, 1996.

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U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Research Forum on Gypsy Moth and Other Invasive Species (11th 2000 Annapolis, Md.). Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Research Forum on Gypsy Moth and Other Invasive Species, 2000: January 18-21, 2000, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland. Newton Square, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 2000.

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U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Research Forum on Gypsy Moth and Other Invasive Species (12th 2001 Annapolis, Md.). Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture Interagency Research Forum on Gypsy Moth and Other Invasive Species, 2001: January 16-19, 2001, Loews Annapolis Hotel, Annapolis, Maryland. Newton Square, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Invasive insects"

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Feldhaar, Heike, and Lori Lach. "Introduced and Invasive Species." In Encyclopedia of Social Insects, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_66-1.

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Feldhaar, Heike, and Lori Lach. "Introduced and Invasive Species." In Encyclopedia of Social Insects, 524–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28102-1_66.

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Nahrung, Helen F., Andrew D. Loch, and Mamoru Matsuki. "Invasive Insects in Mediterranean Forest Systems: Australia." In Insects and Diseases of Mediterranean Forest Systems, 475–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24744-1_17.

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Mendel, Zvi, Manuela Branco, and Andrea Battisti. "Invasive Sap-Sucker Insects in the Mediterranean Basin." In Insects and Diseases of Mediterranean Forest Systems, 261–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24744-1_10.

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Estay, Sergio A. "Invasive Insects in the Mediterranean Forests of Chile." In Insects and Diseases of Mediterranean Forest Systems, 379–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24744-1_13.

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Branco, Manuela, Andrea Battisti, and Zvi Mendel. "Foliage Feeding Invasive Insects: Defoliators and Gall Makers." In Insects and Diseases of Mediterranean Forest Systems, 211–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24744-1_8.

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Kay, M. K. "Are Island Forests Vulnerable to Invasive Defoliators?" In Invasive Forest Insects, Introduced Forest Trees, and Altered Ecosystems, 1–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5162-x_1.

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Seybold, Steven J., Richard L. Penrose, and Andrew D. Graves. "Invasive Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in California Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems." In Insects and Diseases of Mediterranean Forest Systems, 583–662. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24744-1_21.

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Auger-Rozenberg, Marie-Anne, and Thomas Boivin. "Invasive Fruit, Cone and Seed Insects in the Mediterranean Basin." In Insects and Diseases of Mediterranean Forest Systems, 239–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24744-1_9.

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Lance, D. R., W. M. Woods, and M. Stefan. "Invasive Insects in Plant Biosecurity: Case Study – Mediterranean Fruit Fly." In The Handbook of Plant Biosecurity, 447–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7365-3_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Invasive insects"

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Stumph, Brian, Miguel Hernandez Virto, Henry Medeiros, Amy Tabb, Scott Wolford, Kevin Rice, and Tracy Leskey. "Detecting Invasive Insects with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." In 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra.2019.8794116.

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Lyytikäinen-Saarenmaa, Päivi M. E. "Modelling range shifts of native and invasive forest insects under changing climate." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.115506.

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Ding, Jianqing. "Climate warming affects biological control by shifting interactions of invasive plants and insects." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.95034.

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Bancroft, Jay S. S. "Quarantine management for biological control of invasive insects: Permitting, physical biosecurity, and staff training." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.105325.

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Tan, Hao, Ya Su, Liya Wei, X. Steve Yao, Tongtong Mai, and Xu Li. "Non-invasive 3D real time observation of physiological traits during the embryonic development of insects." In Optics in Health Care and Biomedical Optics IX, edited by Qingming Luo, Xingde Li, Yuguo Tang, Ying Gu, and Dan Zhu. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2537479.

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Kanga, Lambert. "Pest management of major invasive pest species: Varroa mite and scale insects in the Caribbean islands." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.95491.

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Gibert, Patricia. "Tritrophic interactions between host plant, phytophagous and entomophagous insects: The case of the invasive species Drosophila suzukii." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93347.

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Culik, Mark Paul. "Pink hibiscus mealybug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus) and other invasive insects in Brazil: Can classical biological control help save Neotropical biodiversity?" In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.91352.

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Sing, Sharlene E. "An overview of biological control programs against invasive insects and plants for protection of forested ecosystems in the United States." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94666.

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Fedorova, O. A. "TO THE FAUNA OF MIDGES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) AND BITING MIDGES (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE) YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT." In V International Scientific Conference CONCEPTUAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS OF INVERTEBRATE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND BIOLOGICAL EDUCATION. Tomsk State University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-931-0-2020-40.

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On the territory of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, the study of midges and biting midges was carried out during the exploration of new oil and gas deposits in the second half of the 20th century. Currently, the study of the spread of midges and biting midges is relevant, since they are carriers of a number of infectious and invasive diseases of animals and humans. The fauna of blood-sucking diptera insects of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is represented by 116 species. The faunal list of blood-sucking midges of the region is represented by 24 species, including 1 – Simulium paramorsitans, biting midges by 33 species, including 1 species –Culicoides punctatus. This species was first indicated both for the tundra zone and for the region. Today the topic is relevant and requires further research.
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Reports on the topic "Invasive insects"

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Vassiliou, V. A., E. Palevsky, Ellen Ritcher, and R. J. M. Meijer. Potential use of current natural enemies against invasive insect and mite species. BioGreenhouse, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/373606.

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Center for Plant Health Science and Technology Accomplishments, 2007. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7296841.aphis.

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This past year’s hard work and significant changes have enabled CPHST—a division of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) program—to be an organization more capable and better aligned to support and focus on PPQ’s scientific needs. In 2007, CPHST developed the first PPQ strategic plan for CPHST. The plan shows where CPHST is going over the next 5 years, how it is going to get there, and how it will know if it got there or not. Moreover, CPHST plan identifies critical elements of PPQ’s overall strategic plan that must be supported by the science and technology services CPHST provides. The strategic plan was followed by an operational plan, which guarantees that the strategic plan is a living and breathing document. The operational plan identifies the responsibilities and resources needed to accomplish priorities in this fiscal year and measures our progress. CPHST identifies the pathways by which invasive plant pests and weeds can be introduced into the United States. CPHST develops, adapts, and supports technology to detect, identify, and mitigate the impact of invasive organisms. CPHST helps to ensure that the methods, protocols, and equipment used by PPQ field personnel are effective and efficient. All the work of CPHST is identified under one of the five program areas: Agricultural Quarantine Inspection and Port Technology, Molecular Diagnostics and Biotechnology, Response and Recovery Systems Technology, Risk and Pathway Analysis, and Survey Detection and Identification. CPHST scientists are leaders in various fields, including risk assessment, survey and detection, geographic information systems (GIS), molecular diagnostics, biocontrol techniques, methods and treatment, and mass rearing of insects. The following list outlines some of CPHST’s efforts in 2007: Responding to Emergencies, Developing and Supporting Technology for Treatments, Increasing Diagnostic Capacity, and Supporting Trade.
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