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1
Mohammed, H. Mahklouf. "Invasive Alien Plant Species In Libya." J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology 7, no. 1 (February 18, 2019): 06. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2575522.
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Invasive alien plant species in Libya were surveyed and documented based on field observation, and discussion with local people, A total of 29 species of invasive aliens in the flora of Libya have been documented, belong to o13 families, of which 12 families belong to dicotyledons and the only family belongs to Monocotyledons. The dominant families were Asteraceae with 7 species, followed by Amaranthaceae with 5 species. Life form analysis has shown that the herbaceous elements were predominated by 22 species, while shrubs were represented by 3 species and trees were represented by 4 species. The nativity showed that the alien species with an American origin have the majority with sixteen species. According to their intensity of invasion, the recorded species were classified into three categories, 12 species were found to be high invaders and spread elsewhere, and 12 species were found to be moderate invaders, while five species were categorized as new invasive. The results also showed that 17 species were categorized as noxious, 8 were classified as invasive.
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Tiebre, Marie-Solange, Sopie Elvire Vanessa Akaffou, and Franck Placide Junior Pagny. "INVASIVE ALIEN PLANTS OF COTE DIVOIRE: AN UPDATE AND PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 04 (April 30, 2024): 780–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18617.
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Background and aims: Scientific data on alien plants and classification of invasive alien plants on the basis of environmental impacts are lacking in Cote dIvoire. The present study was carried out to improve the knowledge on exotic and invasive plants in Cote dIvoire. Methods: In order to compile a list of alien and invasive plants in Cote dIvoire, published books and articles as well as national, regional and international online databases were consulted. Alien species were classified into cultivated and naturalized species. The naturalized species were further subdivided into proven invasives, potential invasives, plants to watch and plants without status in Cote dIvoire. For the list of proven invasive plants, the 4 stages of the different stages in the invasion process were applied. Finally, the proven invasive plants were classified taking into account the major and minor impacts on the environment. Key Results: The Ivorian flora includes 851 introduced or exotic species distributed in 524 genera and 137 families. These taxa are divided into 127 cultivated species and 724 naturalized species. Of all the naturalized taxa, 28 species are proven invasive plants or invasives, 34 are potential invasives, 283 are plants to be monitored and 379 are without status. The classification of the 28 proven invasive plants is divided into : 4 plants with massive impacts (MA), 10 plants with major impacts (MR), 6 plants with moderate impacts (MO) and 8 plants with minor impacts (MI). Conclusion: This study proposes a list of alien and invasive plants in Cote dIvoire. It also proposes a classification for proven invasive alien taxa according to their environmental impacts. It could constitute an important database on exotic, naturalized, proven invasive, potential invasive plants and plants to be monitored in Cote dIvoire. Biodiversity managers could thus rely on this work to establish effective strategies to control invasive plants in Cote dIvoire.
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Milanović, Marija, Sonja Knapp, Petr Pyšek, and Ingolf Kühn. "Trait–environment relationships of plant species at different stages of the introduction process." NeoBiota 58 (July 1, 2020): 55–74. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.58.51655.
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The success of alien plant species can be attributed to differences in functional traits compared to less successful aliens as well as to native species, and thus their adaptation to environmental conditions. Studies have shown that alien (especially invasive) plant species differ from native species in traits such as specific leaf area (SLA), height, seed size or flowering period, where invasive species showed significantly higher values for these traits. Different environmental conditions, though, may promote the success of native or alien species, leading to competitive exclusion due to dissimilarity in traits between the groups. However, native and alien species can also be similar, with environmental conditions selecting for the same set of traits across species. So far, the effect of traits on invasion success has been studied without considering environmental conditions. To understand this interaction we examined the trait–environment relationship within natives, and two groups of alien plant species differing in times of introduction (archaeophytes vs. neophytes). Further, we investigated the difference between non-invasive and invasive neophytes. We analyzed the relationship between functional traits of 1,300 plant species occurring in 1000 randomly selected grid-cells across Germany and across different climatic conditions and land-cover types. Our results show that temperature, precipitation, the proportion of natural habitats, as well as the number of land-cover patches and geological patches affect archaeophytes and neophytes differently, regarding their level of urbanity (in neophytes negative for all non-urban land covers) and self-pollination (mainly positive for archaeophytes). Similar patterns were observed between non-invasive and invasive neophytes, where additionally, SLA, storage organs and the beginning of flowering were strongly related to several environmental factors. Native species did not express any strong relationship between traits and environment, possibly due to a high internal heterogeneity within this group of species. The relationship between trait and environment was more pronounced in neophytes compared to archaeophytes, and most pronounced in invasive plants. The alien species at different stages of the invasion process showed both similarities and differences in terms of the relationship between traits and the environment, showing that the success of introduced species is context-dependent.
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Zhang, Aiying, Xunyu Hu, Shenhao Yao, Mingjian Yu, and Zhixia Ying. "Alien, Naturalized and Invasive Plants in China." Plants 10, no. 11 (October 20, 2021): 2241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10112241.
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Invasive species are a subset of naturalized species, and naturalized species are a subset of alien species. Determining the relationship among these three assemblages would be helpful in predicting and preventing biological invasion. Here, we reviewed the families, lifeforms, origins, introduction pathways and phylogenetic diversity of alien, naturalized and invasive vascular plants in China. The results show that species in the Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae families had a high dominance among alien, naturalized and invasive species. Moreover, almost all alien species in the Amaranthaceae, Solanaceae, Convolvulaceae and Euphorbiaceae families became naturalized species, and about 26.7% of the naturalized species became invasive species. Perennial herbs comprised a higher proportion of alien species than did annual herbs, though annual herbs were more suited to becoming invasive than perennial herbs. A considerable proportion (57.8%) of invasive species were introduced from America. More than half (56.5%) of alien species were introduced for their ornamental value, and half of these have become naturalized in China. Moreover, about half (55.2%) of all invasive species were introduced for their economic value (including ornamental, foraging and medicinal purposes). Invasive species were phylogenetically clustered and phylogenetically distant from alien and naturalized species, which indicates that phylogenetic differences could be helpful in becoming invasive. There is no doubt that human activity plays a significant role in biological invasion. This study suggests that when introducing alien species to a region, decision-makers should certainly consider the species’ phylogeny, beyond just its fundamental characteristics.
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Drăgan, Ovidiu, Laurentiu Rozylowicz, Dorel Ureche, Istvan Falka, and Dan Cogălniceanu. "Invasive fish species in Romanian freshwater. A review of over 100 years of occurrence reports." NeoBiota 94 (July 16, 2024): 15–30. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.94.117313.
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Effective management of invasive alien species requires location-specific strategies involving the regular update of distribution maps to identify spatial patterns, trends, and pathways of entry and the spread and hotspots of those invasions. However, a comprehensive overview of invasive alien fish species in Romania is lacking. To fill this gap, we compiled a database with occurrences of alien fish species in Romania from diverse sources, including published literature, our own field data, online databases, social media, and online questionnaires. Occurrence data covers the 1910–2022 period. From a total of 52 alien fish species reported as present in Romania's waterways, we assigned an invasive status to 11 species, of which <i>Pseudorasbora parva</i>, <i>Lepomis gibbosus</i>, <i>Carassius gibelio</i>, and <i>Ameiurus</i> spp. are widespread. Based on the currently available occurrence records, we evaluated the presence and distribution of invasive alien fish species at the watershed level, concluding that invasive alien fish species are present in all Romanian watersheds. We identified several hotspots consistent with the main points of entry and spread of invasive alien fish species, principally located in western, central, and eastern Romania, i.e., Mures, Crisuri, and Siret watersheds.
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Brunetti, Salvatore. "Alien Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Sicily and Malta: A Review and Updated Checklist." Biodiversity Journal 15, no. 3 (2024): 707–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31396/biodiv.jour.2024.15.3.707.712.
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In the last few years, due to globalization, which increases and speeds up the movement of people and goods around the world, the number of alien animal and plant species that have accidentally arrived in Europe has increased considerably; as a result, the problem of alien species, and especially invasive ones, has taken on greater significance. Since the Mediterranean has always been one of the main trade routes, it is of primary importance to turn our attention to those areas that constitute the main entry routes for new species into Italy and Europe, such as Sicily and the Maltese archipelago. This publication aims to collect all available data about alien invasive ants recorded in Sicily and Malta. Among all animal taxa, one of the groups with great adaptability and that easily follows human routes is the Formicidae, which also includes species with high invasive potential. Currently in Sicily there are 10 alien ant species, two of which, Linepithema humile (Mayr, 1878) and Solenopsis invicta Buren, 1972 (recently recorded), are invasive. Whereas for the Maltese archipelago 12 ant species are alien, two are considered invasives, namely L. humile and Pheidole indica Mayr, 1879. An additional species, Cardiocondyla mauritanica Forel, 1890, is considered cryptogenic in both countries. For a proper management of alien species, it is essential to carefully monitor the alien species already present on the territory and considered invasive but also to pay attention to those species that have already caused serious damage in other countries and are easy to introduce. Finally, it is important to monitor potential entry routes followed by invasive aliens, especially those involving interchanges between Sicily and the Maltese archipelago.
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Castillo-Campos, Gonzalo, José G. García-Franco, M. Luisa Martínez, and J. Jesús Pale-Pale. "Alien and Potentially Invasive Plants in Four Lagoons on the Island of Cozumel, Mexico." Plants 12, no. 9 (May 8, 2023): 1918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12091918.
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The expansion of alien invasive species is a worldwide threat that affects most ecosystems. Islands and freshwater ecosystems are among the most vulnerable to species invasion, resulting in reduced biodiversity. In this study, we aimed to explore the floristic composition of the aquatic vegetation in four lagoons in southeastern Cozumel and assess the occurrence and abundance of alien and potentially invasive plants. We found a total of 43 aquatic or underwater herbaceous species that are subject to periodic flooding. Cluster analyses grouped the lagoons into two groups according to their floristic composition. The results demonstrate that alien and potentially invasive plants were dominant in 3 of the 4 lagoons, representing from 7 to 43% of the species. Six of these species were notably abundant, especially in three lagoons. Further, 2 species are considered among the 100 worst invasive species worldwide, although their abundance in Mexico remains relatively reduced. Five alien and potentially invasive species are terrestrial and grow on the shore of the lagoons, while one is aquatic. Urgent control and management actions are necessary. These should include (a) early detection and surveillance to determine if the alien species found behave as invasives; (b) understanding the relevance of invasive species; (c) preventing and intercepting; and (d) control and management. Habitat restoration, adequate legislation, collaboration between stakeholders, and raising awareness of the dangers of releasing or cultivating invasive species in the wild are also necessary.
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Yessoufou, Kowiyou, Bezeng S. Bezeng, Orou G. Gaoue, Thato Bengu, and Michelle van der Bank. "Phylogenetically diverse native systems are more resistant to invasive plant species on Robben Island, South Africa." Genome 62, no. 3 (March 2019): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0039.
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Alien invasive species are problematic both economically and ecologically, particularly on islands. As such, understanding how they interact with their environment is necessary to inform invasive species management. Here, we ask the following questions: What are the main functional traits that correlate with invasion success of alien plants on Robben Island? How does phylogenetic structure shape biotic interactions on the island? Using multiple approaches to explore these questions, we found that alien invasive species flower later during the year and for longer period, although flowering phenology was sensitive to alternative starting date. Additionally, we observed that alien invasive species are mostly abiotically pollinated and are generally hermaphroditic whilst their native counterparts rely on biotic pollinators, flower earlier, and are generally dioecious, suggesting that alien invasive and native species use different ecological niches. Furthermore, we found a facilitative interaction between an alien invasive legume and other invasive plants as predicted by the invasional meltdown hypothesis, but this does not influence the phylogenetic structure of plant communities. Finally, phylogenetically diverse set of native species are less receptive to alien invasive species. Collectively, our findings reveal how biotic interactions and phylogenetic relatedness structure alien invasive – native co-existence.
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Wang, Xiao Hong, Ya Jing Liu, and Li Na Guo. "The Invasive Species Risk Assessment and Prediction System Based on GIS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 1052–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.1052.
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With the international economic and trade exchanges, biological invasion has become an important factor in the threat of biological diversity and ecological environment. In order to prevent and control exotic species invasion, using of GIS-based geospatial technology to the potential distribution of invasive species risk assessment can provide the basis for ecological management of invasive alien species better, thus reducing the economic losses due to invasive alien species caused to our country. To this point, the study had done a secondary development based on ArcGIS Engine component. It used niche model to analysis and study potential suitable distribution of alien pests in China, conduct a risk assessment to them. The receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to access the prediction accuracy Analyzed the impact of the distribution of invasive alien species` main environmental variables. It provided a theoretical basis for ecological management of invasive alien species.
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Reid, Vanessa. "Invasive Alien Species themed issue." Biodiversity 22, no. 1-2 (April 3, 2021): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2021.1947378.
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Mizutani, Tomoo, and Koichi Goka. "Japan's Invasive Alien Species Act." Applied Entomology and Zoology 45, no. 1 (2010): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/aez.2010.65.
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Abeyratne, Ruwantissa. "Invasive Alien Species Aeronautical Implications." Environmental Policy and Law 31, no. 4-5 (January 2001): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/epl-2001-31_4-5_13.
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Lázaro-Lobo, Adrián, Juan Antonio Campos, González Tomás Emilio Díaz, Eduardo Fernández-Pascual, Víctor González-García, Hélia Marchante, Buján María Inmaculada Romero, and Borja Jiménez-Alfaro. "An ecoregion-based approach to evaluate invasive plant species pools." NeoBiota 96 (October 31, 2024): 105–28. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.96.116105.
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Invasive alien species are an important component of global change, threatening biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, economy, and human health. The number of alien species that attain the invasive status has experienced an exponential increase in recent years, leading some government agencies and stakeholders to allocate substantial resources to early detection, control, mitigation, and eradication programs. To develop effective nature conservation strategies, it is crucial to understand the invasive status of alien species and to identify priority species for management at spatial scales with a biogeographical basis. Despite significant progress in producing lists of alien species at the country level, a standard methodology for species assessment within ecological regions (i.e., regions with similar environmental or biogeographical characteristics) is still lacking. Here, we develop a systematic approach to determine invasion status and to prioritize invasive alien plant species within an ecoregion. We apply this approach in the Cantabrian Mixed Forests ecoregion, which encompasses biogeographically related areas from N Portugal, NW Spain, and SW France, and is strongly affected by plant invasions. By combining scientific evidence with expert opinion on the ecological characteristics of alien plants, we identified 175 invasive plant species in the study ecoregion, of which 37 cause massive environmental and/or socio-economic impacts. For each species, we provide comprehensive information and recommendations for scientists, land managers, policy makers, and other stakeholders under a biogeographical basis. This information includes species characteristics, invasion status/level, population trends, geographic locations and range size, local abundance, environmental and socio-economic impacts, and invaded habitats. We also accounted for administrative divisions within the ecoregion to facilitate the use of such evaluations in local-scale management and conservation plans. Our framework may be applied to any ecoregion worldwide, enhancing the assessment and management of invasive species pools within biogeographically meaningful regions.
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Milanović, Marija, Sonja Knapp, Petr Pyšek, and Ingolf Kühn. "Trait–environment relationships of plant species at different stages of the introduction process." NeoBiota 58 (July 1, 2020): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.58.51655.
Full textAbstract:
The success of alien plant species can be attributed to differences in functional traits compared to less successful aliens as well as to native species, and thus their adaptation to environmental conditions. Studies have shown that alien (especially invasive) plant species differ from native species in traits such as specific leaf area (SLA), height, seed size or flowering period, where invasive species showed significantly higher values for these traits. Different environmental conditions, though, may promote the success of native or alien species, leading to competitive exclusion due to dissimilarity in traits between the groups. However, native and alien species can also be similar, with environmental conditions selecting for the same set of traits across species. So far, the effect of traits on invasion success has been studied without considering environmental conditions. To understand this interaction we examined the trait–environment relationship within natives, and two groups of alien plant species differing in times of introduction (archaeophytes vs. neophytes). Further, we investigated the difference between non-invasive and invasive neophytes. We analyzed the relationship between functional traits of 1,300 plant species occurring in 1000 randomly selected grid-cells across Germany and across different climatic conditions and land-cover types. Our results show that temperature, precipitation, the proportion of natural habitats, as well as the number of land-cover patches and geological patches affect archaeophytes and neophytes differently, regarding their level of urbanity (in neophytes negative for all non-urban land covers) and self-pollination (mainly positive for archaeophytes). Similar patterns were observed between non-invasive and invasive neophytes, where additionally, SLA, storage organs and the beginning of flowering were strongly related to several environmental factors. Native species did not express any strong relationship between traits and environment, possibly due to a high internal heterogeneity within this group of species. The relationship between trait and environment was more pronounced in neophytes compared to archaeophytes, and most pronounced in invasive plants. The alien species at different stages of the invasion process showed both similarities and differences in terms of the relationship between traits and the environment, showing that the success of introduced species is context-dependent.
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Garg, Arti, and Vineet Singh. "Alien Invasive Elements of Upper Ganga Ramsar Site, Uttar Pradesh, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 38, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2015-dhke37.
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Invasive alien species of Upper Ganga Ramsar Site in Uttar Pradesh and their impact on the wetland ecosystem is discussed. In all 69 alien invasive species under 58 genera and 32 families were recorded of which there were 55 herbs, 5 climbers/twiners, 5 shrubs, 2 undershrubs and 2 tree species. The alien invasives of American origin dominated while the family Asteraceae showed maximum representation. It is inferred that stringent measures need to be adopted for combating the spread of alien invasives in order to conserve the wetland biodiversity and loss of indigenous species for habitat conservation.
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Xie, Yanqiu, Xinran Xie, Feifan Weng, Liebo Nong, Manni Lin, Jingyao Ou, Yingxue Wang, et al. "Distribution Patterns and Environmental Determinants of Invasive Alien Plants on Subtropical Islands (Fujian, China)." Forests 15, no. 7 (July 22, 2024): 1273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15071273.
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Plant invasions threaten the biodiversity of islands, causing serious impacts on their ecosystems. To investigate the distribution patterns of invasive alien plants on subtropical islands, the environmental determinants of species richness, and the growth forms of invasive alien plants, this study analyzed the composition and origin of invasive alien plants on 77 islands in Fujian. The similarity in the distribution of invasive alien plants between islands was assessed using the UPGMA. Moreover, feature selection, best-subset regression, and variance decomposition were performed using 19 environmental variables characterizing climate, anthropogenic disturbance, and landscape/geography, as well as the species richness and growth forms of invasive alien plants. Through the analysis, the main environmental factors affecting the species richness and growth forms of invasive alien plants on the Fujian islands were identified. The results showed 142 species of invasive alien plants in 38 families and 102 genera on 77 islands in Fujian. Annual herbs constituted the most representative growth form of invasive alien plants and tropical America was the main origin of invasive alien plants. The distribution of invasive alien plants across the 77 islands in Fujian showed a high degree of similarity, suggesting a nested pattern in their distribution. The proportions of building and farmland area (BFA), island area (A), and maximum elevation (ME) were the main driving factors of species richness and growth forms for invasive alien plants. In particular, BFA played a key role in driving plant invasion. The results of this study can help establish an early warning mechanism for invasive alien plants and better implement island ecological management, which are important for the protection of subtropical island ecosystems.
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Robin, Wilgan. "Mycorrhizal symbiosis of alien and invasive tree species." Lesne Prace Badawcze / Forest Research Papers 81, no. 1 (March 15, 2020): 43–50. https://doi.org/10.2478/frp-2020-0005.
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The introduction of alien tree species has become a world wide phenomenon over the last centuries and the cultivation of these species is an economically important branch of forestry in many countries. However, the cultivation of alien plant species poses the threat of introducing potentially invasive species, both trees and its mutualistic symbionts, such as mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal fungi are obligatory symbionts and a key element in the proper development and functioning of trees. It is thought that mycorrhizal fungi may also profoundly influence the invasiveness of alien tree species worldwide, with the proper fungal species acting as a driver to make this invasion possible. Co-invasion of alien trees and its mutualistic symbionts are well-known in the case of pines and co-invading ectomycorrhizal fungi in the southern hemisphere. Invasive tree species constitute a major ecological and economic problem through intense competition and modification of local habitats leading to a decline in biodiversity and potentially threatening many rare, native and endangered species, including fungi. Despite the fundamental role that fungi have in the functioning of forests, the impact alien tree species could have on mycorrhizal fungi in native forest ecosystems has not received much attention. Understanding the relationships between mycorrhizal fungi and alien tree species can allow us to better predict and counter- act alien species invasions, which is necessary in order to maintain biodiversity and preserve native ecosystems. On top of that, climate change could threaten some European tree species and thus free ecological niches for other species, like alien, invasive or potentially invasive trees.
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YEO, DARREN C. J., and CHERYL S. W. CHIA. "INTRODUCED SPECIES IN SINGAPORE: AN OVERVIEW." COSMOS 06, no. 01 (August 2010): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219607710000486.
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An overview of the invasive alien species situation in Singapore is presented. An updated checklist of introduced or alien animals in Singapore is provided; of the 142 species of invertebrates and vertebrates documented, more than 70% are considered established. A brief introduction and discussion of pertinent definitions and terminology for describing invasive alien species, with particular reference to Singapore, is included. In addition, important pathways for biological invasion into Singapore are highlighted, and legislation and institutional roles with respect to alien species issues in Singapore are summarized, featuring examples of management programmes. The article concludes by identifying areas emphasized in recently published alien species research in Singapore and knowledge gaps that need to be filled.
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Yessoufou, Kowiyou, and Annie Estelle Ambani. "Are Introduced Alien Species More Predisposed to Invasion in Recipient Environments If They Provide a Wider Range of Services to Humans?" Diversity 13, no. 11 (October 30, 2021): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13110553.
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The drivers of invasion success of alien species remain, to some extent, a matter of debate. Here, we suggest that the services (the benefits humans obtain from a species) provided by alien plants could predict their invasion status, such that alien species providing more services would be more likely to be invasive than not. The rationale for this expectation is that alien species providing multiple services stand a better chance of being introduced in various numbers and multiple times outside their native range (propagule pressure theory). We investigated this hypothesis on alien woody species in South Africa. First, we defined 12 services provided by all the 210 known naturalized alien woody plants in South Africa. Then, we tested for a phylogenetic signal in these services using a DNA barcode-based phylogeny. Finally, we tested for potential links between the services and invasion status by fitting GLM models with appropriate error families. We found a phylogenetic signal in most services, suggesting that closely related species tend to provide similar services. Counter-intuitively, we consistently found that alien non-invasive species tend to provide more services, or even unique services, in comparison to alien invasive species. Although alternative scenarios are plausible to explain this unexpected finding, we speculate that harvesting alien plants for human benefits may limit their invasion ability. This warrants further investigation.
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Luo, Minxian, Lifang Xiao, Xuhui Chen, Kaiqin Lin, Bao Liu, Zongming He, Jinfu Liu, and Shiqun Zheng. "Invasive Alien Plants and Invasion Risk Assessment on Pingtan Island." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (January 14, 2022): 923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14020923.
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Pingtan Island is the largest island in Fujian Province and the fifth largest island in China. The invasion of a large number of alien plants has had a profound impact on the local ecological environment. Because the harm caused by alien invasive plants varies greatly between different ecosystems and even in different habitats, the risk assessment index system suitable for one region may not be suitable for other regions. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a risk assessment index system for invasive alien plants on Pingtan Island. Alien plant communities in different habitats were studied by means of quadrat investigation and professional literature review. Some invasive alien species were selected and compiled into a list of invasive alien plants on Pingtan Island, and their species composition, origin, flora, life forms, and habitats were statistically grouped. There were 104 species in 80 genera and 37 families of alien invasive plants. Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Amaranthaceae, and Poaceae were the main families, accounting for 26.7%, 6.7%, 6.7% and 5.8% of the total species, respectively. The geographical components of families and genera have obvious tropical properties, accounting for 51.3% and 66.6% of the total species, respectively. These originated mainly from South America and North America, accounting for 45.5% and 30.1% of the total frequency, respectively. Annual herbs, biennial herbs, and perennial herbs accounted for 84.6% of the total species. Based on a DPSIR conceptual model and an AHP method, an invasion risk assessment of 104 invasive alien plants was conducted. The ecological adaptability, habitat distribution and landscape impact of species were considered in the selection of indicators and the formulation of standards. A total of 23 high-risk invasive species were identified at level I, 37 medium-risk invasive species at level II, and 44 low-risk invasive species at level III. Lantana camara L. had the highest risk score (49), followed by Cenchrus echinatus L. (45), Spartina alterniflora Loisel. (45), and Panicum repens L. (43.5). Suggestions are put forward to prevent the invasion of alien plants on Pingtan Island and to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the healthy and stable development of the ecological environment on the island.
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Wilgan, Robin. "Mycorrhizal symbiosis of alien and invasive tree species." Forest Research Papers 81, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/frp-2020-0005.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe introduction of alien tree species has become a world wide phenomenon over the last centuries and the cultivation of these species is an economically important branch of forestry in many countries. However, the cultivation of alien plant species poses the threat of introducing potentially invasive species, both trees and its mutualistic symbionts, such as mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal fungi are obligatory symbionts and a key element in the proper development and functioning of trees. It is thought that mycorrhizal fungi may also profoundly influence the invasiveness of alien tree species worldwide, with the proper fungal species acting as a driver to make this invasion possible. Co-invasion of alien trees and its mutualistic symbionts are well-known in the case of pines and co-invading ectomycorrhizal fungi in the southern hemisphere.Invasive tree species constitute a major ecological and economic problem through intense competition and modification of local habitats leading to a decline in biodiversity and potentially threatening many rare, native and endangered species, including fungi. Despite the fundamental role that fungi have in the functioning of forests, the impact alien tree species could have on mycorrhizal fungi in native forest ecosystems has not received much attention.Understanding the relationships between mycorrhizal fungi and alien tree species can allow us to better predict and counter- act alien species invasions, which is necessary in order to maintain biodiversity and preserve native ecosystems. On top of that, climate change could threaten some European tree species and thus free ecological niches for other species, like alien, invasive or potentially invasive trees.
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Sauvard, Daniel, Manuela Branco, Manuela Branco, Ferenc Lakatos, Massimo Faccoli, Massimo Faccoli, Lawrence Kirkendall, and Lawrence Kirkendall. "Weevils and Bark Beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea). Chapter 8.2." BioRisk 4 (July 6, 2010): 219–66. https://doi.org/10.3897/biorisk.4.64.
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We record 201 alien curculionoids established in Europe, of which 72 originates from outside Europe. Aliens to Europe belong to five families, but four-fifth of them are from family Curculionidae. Many families and subfamilies, among which species-rich ones, have few representatives among alien curculionoids, whereas some others are over-represented; these latter, Dryophthoridae, Cossoninae and specially Scolytinae, all contains many xylophagous species. The number of new records of alien species increases continuously, with an acceleration during the last decades. Aliens to Europe originate from all parts of the world, but mainly Asia; few alien curculionoids originate from Africa. Italy and France host the largest number of alien to Europe. The number of aliens per country decreases eastwards, but is mainly correlated with importations amount and, secondary, with warm climates. All alien curculionoids have been introduced accidentally via international shipping. Wood and seed borers are specially liable to human-mediated dispersal due to their protected habitat. Alien curculionoids mainly attack stems, and half of them are xylophagous. The majority of alien curculionoids live in human-modified habitats, but many species live in forests and other natural or semi-natural habitats. Several species are pests, among which grain feeders as <em>Sitophilus</em> sp. are the most damaging.
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Pyšek, Petr, Martin Hejda, Jan Čuda, Guin Zambatis, Klára Pyšková, Sandra MacFadyen, David Storch, Robert Tropek, and Llewellyn C. Foxcroft. "Into the great wide open: do alien plants spread from rivers to dry savanna in the Kruger National Park?" NeoBiota 60 (August 18, 2020): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.60.54608.
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Protected areas play an important role as refuges from invasive species impacts on biodiversity. Within the MOSAIK (Monitoring Savanna Biodiversity in the Kruger National Park) project, plant species were recorded in a representative set of 60 plots, 50 × 50 m in size, across the entire KNP, distributed so as to cover a range of savanna habitats, i.e. perennial rivers, seasonal rivers and dry crests, and two main bedrock types (granite and basalt). The data were used to assess the role of rivers in the dispersal of alien plants and study whether the alien plant species spread from rivers to open dry savanna. The resulting dataset provided the first thorough information on the spatial distribution of naturalised alien plants in KNP. In total, we recorded 20 plant species that are alien to the park, four of them considered invasive: Parthenium hysterophorus, Opuntia stricta, Xanthium strumarium and Zinnia peruviana. The most widespread species in KNP was Tridax procumbens, recorded in 11 plots (i.e. 18% of all sampled), four other species were found in &gt; 10% of the plots. One species, Bidens bipinnata, was not previously reported from the park and represents a new record. The majority of aliens were concentrated along perennial rivers (60% of all occurrences), but some were repeatedly recorded at seasonal rivers as well and two of the most invasive species in KNP, Opuntia stricta and Parthenium hysterophorus, occurred also on dry crests away from water. The average number of alien species per plot was low (1.6), as was their mean percentage contribution to all species in a plot (2.2%), but some plots harboured as many as seven species and contributed up to 11.9%. Moreover, only 21 plots (35%) were alien-species free. In terms of the total species number per habitat, perennial rivers had significantly more aliens than crests and were marginally significantly richer than seasonal rivers. By recording all naturalised alien species occurring in the plots – many of them are not invasive but may become so in the future – and by using the GloNAF database of global distribution of naturalised species, we assessed the invasion potential of the recorded species.
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Pyšek, Petr, Martin Hejda, Jan Čuda, Guin Zambatis, Klára Pyšková, Sandra MacFadyen, David Storch, Robert Tropek, and Llewellyn C. Foxcroft. "Into the great wide open: do alien plants spread from rivers to dry savanna in the Kruger National Park?" NeoBiota 60 (August 18, 2020): 61–77. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.60.54608.
Full textAbstract:
Protected areas play an important role as refuges from invasive species impacts on biodiversity. Within the MOSAIK (Monitoring Savanna Biodiversity in the Kruger National Park) project, plant species were recorded in a representative set of 60 plots, 50 × 50 m in size, across the entire KNP, distributed so as to cover a range of savanna habitats, i.e. perennial rivers, seasonal rivers and dry crests, and two main bedrock types (granite and basalt). The data were used to assess the role of rivers in the dispersal of alien plants and study whether the alien plant species spread from rivers to open dry savanna. The resulting dataset provided the first thorough information on the spatial distribution of naturalised alien plants in KNP. In total, we recorded 20 plant species that are alien to the park, four of them considered invasive: Parthenium hysterophorus, Opuntia stricta, Xanthium strumarium and Zinnia peruviana. The most widespread species in KNP was Tridax procumbens, recorded in 11 plots (i.e. 18% of all sampled), four other species were found in > 10% of the plots. One species, Bidens bipinnata, was not previously reported from the park and represents a new record. The majority of aliens were concentrated along perennial rivers (60% of all occurrences), but some were repeatedly recorded at seasonal rivers as well and two of the most invasive species in KNP, Opuntia stricta and Parthenium hysterophorus, occurred also on dry crests away from water. The average number of alien species per plot was low (1.6), as was their mean percentage contribution to all species in a plot (2.2%), but some plots harboured as many as seven species and contributed up to 11.9%. Moreover, only 21 plots (35%) were alien-species free. In terms of the total species number per habitat, perennial rivers had significantly more aliens than crests and were marginally significantly richer than seasonal rivers. By recording all naturalised alien species occurring in the plots – many of them are not invasive but may become so in the future – and by using the GloNAF database of global distribution of naturalised species, we assessed the invasion potential of the recorded species.
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Cai, Qiongyan. "Research on legal regulation of invasive alien species in China." Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development 8, no. 16 (December 19, 2024): 10234. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd10234.
Full textAbstract:
With the vigorous development of international trade and the in-depth advancement of economic globalization, China is facing the increasingly serious problem of invasive alien species, which poses a major threat to China’s ecological environment, economic development and human health. At present, although China has a comprehensive institutional norms in the prevention and control of invasion of alien species, but in the face of the challenge of invasion of alien species, China is still facing problems such as insufficient legal basis and imperfect specific legal system. Based on this understanding, this paper discusses the prevention and control of invasive alien species legal regulation, that although in recent years China has made certain achievements in the field of prevention and control of invasive alien species, but still faces a number of problems to be solved, should promote the relevant legislative amendments, and combined with the experience of developed countries to summarize the perfect.
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Zimmermann, Heike, Jacqueline Loos, Wehrden Henrik von, and Joern Fischer. "Aliens in Transylvania: risk maps of invasive alien plant species in Central Romania." NeoBiota 24 (January 16, 2015): 55–65. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.24.7772.
Full textAbstract:
Using the MAXENT algorithm, we developed risk maps for eight invasive plant species in southern Transylvania, Romania, a region undergoing drastic land-use changes. Our findings show that invasion risk increased with landscape heterogeneity. Roads and agricultural areas were most prone to invasion, whereas forests were least at risk.
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Kirkendall, Lawrence, and Massimo Faccoli. "Bark beetles and pinhole borers (Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Platypodinae) alien to Europe." ZooKeys 56 (September 17, 2010): 227–51. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.529.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive bark beetles are posing a major threat to forest resources around the world. DAISIE’s web-based and printed databases of invasive species in Europe provide an incomplete and misleading picture of the alien scolytines and platypodines. We present a review of the alien bark beetle fauna of Europe based on primary literature through 2009. We find that there are 18 Scolytinae and one Platypodinae species apparently established in Europe, from 14 different genera. Seventeen species are naturalized. We argue that <em>Trypodendron laeve</em>, commonly considered alien in Europe, is a native species; conversely, we hypothesize that <em>Xyleborus pfeilii</em>, which has always been treated as indigenous, is an alien species from Asia. We also point out the possibility that the Asian larch bark beetle <em>Ips subelongatus</em> is established in European Russia. We show that there has been a marked acceleration in the rate of new introductions to Europe, as is also happening in North America: seven alien species were first recorded in the last decade. We present information on the biology, origins, and distributions of the alien species. All but four are polyphagous, and 11 are inbreeders: two traits which increase invasiveness. Eleven species are native to Asia, six to the Americas, and one is from the Canary Islands. The Mediterranean is especially favorable for invasives, hosting a large proportion of the aliens (8/18). Italy, Spain and France have the largest numbers of alien species (15, 10 and 7 respectively). We point out that the low numbers for at least some countries is likely due to under-reporting. Finally, we discuss the difficulties associated with identifying newly invasive species. Lack of good illustrations and keys hinder identification, particularly for species coming from Asia and Oceania.
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Zhang, Weidong, Yatong Wang, Wenjing Luo, and Yuanyuan Meng. "Research on the Identification and Risk Prevention System of Alien Species Invasion." E3S Web of Conferences 615 (2025): 01002. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202561501002.
Full textAbstract:
With the progress of society and economic development, the exchanges between countries are becoming more frequent and closer, and the spread and diffusion of species are becoming more and more common, which promotes the exchange and utilization of biological resources, but also inevitably causes the problem of invasion of alien species. The invasion of alien species poses a great threat to biodiversity, human health and economic development, so the identification of alien species invasion and the construction of risk prevention system are particularly important. Therefore, based on the definition of “biological invasion”, this study analyzes the harm of invasive alien species, and provides a method to identify whether it is an invasive species through the construction of analytic hierarchy process model and the analysis of actual cases, and then puts forward suggestions for constructing and improving the risk prevention system of species invasion.
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Těšitelová, Tamara, Kateřina Knotková, Adam Knotek, Hana Cempírková, and Jakub Těšitel. "Root hemiparasites suppress invasive alien clonal plants: evidence from a cultivation experiment." NeoBiota 90 (January 15, 2024): 97–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.113069.
Full textAbstract:
Alien invasive plants threaten biodiversity by rapid spread and competitive exclusion of native plant species. Especially, tall clonal invasives can rapidly attain strong dominance in vegetation. Root-hemiparasitic plants are known to suppress the growth of clonal plants by the uptake of resources from their below-ground organs and reduce their abundance. However, root-hemiparasites’ ability to interact with alien clonal plants has not yet been tested. We explored the interactions between native root-hemiparasitic species, Melampyrum arvense and Rhinanthus alectorolophus and invasive aliens, Solidago gigantea and Symphyotrichum lanceolatum. We investigated the haustorial connections and conducted a pot experiment. We used seeds from wild hemiparasite populations and those cultivated in monostands of the invasive plants to identify a possible selection of lineages with increased compatibility with these alien hosts. The hemiparasitic species significantly suppressed the growth of the invasive plants. Melampyrum inflicted the most substantial growth reduction on Solidago (78%), followed by Rhinanthus (49%). Both hemiparasitic species reduced Symphyotrichum biomass by one-third. Additionally, Melampyrum reduced the shoot density of both host species. We also observed some transgenerational effects possibly facilitating the growth of hemiparasites sourced from subpopulations experienced with the host. Native root hemiparasites can effectively decrease alien clonal plants’ biomass production and shoot density. The outcomes of these interactions are species-specific and may be associated with the level of clonal integration of the hosts. The putative selection of lineages with higher performance when attached to the invasive novel hosts may increase hemiparasites’ efficiency in future biocontrol applications.
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Sayfulloh, Agus, Melya Riniarti, and Trio Santoso. "Invasive Alien Species Plants in Sukaraja Atas Resort, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 8, no. 1 (January 27, 2020): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl18109-120.
Full textAbstract:
One of the problems encountered by the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (TNBBS) is the presence of invasive alien species. Invasive alien species are plants that grow outside their natural distribution and have the ability to cover the area; hence it could suppress the growth of the other plants. The presence of invasive alien species in the national park has been widely reported to cause negative impacts on the ecosystem, local biodiversity, socio-economic, and human health in the vicinity. This study was carried out in the rehabilitation zone of the Sukaraja Atas Resort of TNBBS that had shifted into open land. This study aimed to determine the species and dominance of invasive alien species that exist. The sampling method was used by laying plots consisted of the combination of the line and multiple plot methods with a total plot of 25 plots. Data analysis was performed by selecting invasive alien species observed based related-literature, while the dominance of invasive alien species was calculated by the importance value index (IVI). The results identified 121 species, of which 29 species or 35% of them were classified as invasive alien, which originating from 19 families. Three invasive alien species become the most dominating, namely: Clidemia hirta with an IVI of 22.61, Imperata cylindrica with an IVI of 18.03, and Calliandra calothyrsus with an IVI 17.96. The environmental conditions and species characteristics supported the three invasive alien species domination; hence it inhibited the growth of native species. Keywords: Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, invasive alien species, rehabilitation zone
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Clout, Mick N., and Maj De Poorter. "International Initiatives Against Invasive Alien Species." Weed Technology 19, no. 3 (September 2005): 523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-126.1.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive alien species (IAS) are a major threat to biological diversity on a global scale, necessitating international cooperation to address the problem. This paper gives the context in which action against IAS needs to take place, explains the need for international cooperation, and provides examples of key international instruments, strategies, and programs to deal with IAS.
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Pyšek, Petr, Philip E. Hulme, Dan Simberloff, Sven Bacher, Tim M. Blackburn, James T. Carlton, Wayne Dawson, et al. "Scientists' warning on invasive alien species." Biological Reviews 95, no. 6 (June 25, 2020): 1511–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/brv.12627.
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McGeoch, Melodie A., Dian Spear, Elizabeth J. Kleynhans, and Elrike Marais. "Uncertainty in invasive alien species listing." Ecological Applications 22, no. 3 (April 2012): 959–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/11-1252.1.
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Lawson Handley, L. J., A. Estoup, D. M. Evans, C. E. Thomas, E. Lombaert, B. Facon, A. Aebi, and H. E. Roy. "Ecological genetics of invasive alien species." BioControl 56, no. 4 (August 2011): 409–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-011-9386-2.
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Baranoski, B., N. Khromykh, L. Karmyzova, I. Ivanko, and Y. Lykholat. "ANALYSIS OF THE ALIEN FLORA OF DNIPROPETROVSK PROVINCE." Biological Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University 6, no. 3 (December 22, 2016): 419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2016113.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Plant invasion in the Northern Steppe Dnieper has a long history complicated by excessive anthropogenic transformation of territory. Alien species status, origin areas, life history, and invasive tendency of alien species in Dnipropetrovsk region were investigated. The presence of 286 alien species of 61 families was registered. Some 7 families had the greatest species diversity (156 alien species that was 55% of total species number); 30 families were represented by 2–9 alien species, and 24 families contained only 1 alien species. So, the current proportion of the alien species was almost 17% in the regional flora. Archaeophytes consist of 40% of the total alien species, while neophytes had more than 60%. The proportion of naturalized species amounted 58% from alien species, whereas the share of casual species was 42%. The greatest abundance of alien species was typical for <em>Brassicaceae</em>, <em>Asterasea</em>, and <em>Poaceae </em>(14, 13, and 9% of the total species number). We proved invasive status of 28 species and positive trend regard alien species ratio for last years. </p>
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Pagad, Shyama. "Introducing the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species: challenges with classification." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 18, 2018): e25306. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25306.
Full textAbstract:
The Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (GRIIS) presents annotated country checklists of introduced and invasive species. Annotations include higher taxonomy of the species, synonyms, environment/system in which the species occurs, and its biological status in that country. Invasiveness is classified by evidenced impact in that country. Draft country checklists are subjected to a process of validation and verification by networks of country experts. Challenges encountered across the world include confusion with alien/invasive species terminology, classification of the 'invasive' status of an alien species and issues with taxonomic synonyms.
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Shrestha, Saugat. "Status of Invasive Alien Plant species in Dhankuta Municipality." Journal of Research and Development 6, no. 01 (June 6, 2023): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jrdn.v6i01.55240.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive alien species are plants, animals, pathogens and other organisms that are non-native to an ecosystem, and which may cause economic or environmental harm or adversely affect human health. At least 179 species of alien plant species are naturalized in Nepal and 26 of them have become invasive with negative impacts on environment and economy. Out of 26 invasive alien species four species are among the 100 of the world’s worst invasive alien species. The present study intended to investigate the invasive alien plant species found in Dhankuta Municipality, which has not been explored previously. Present study reported 30 species of invasive alien plant species belong to 13 families of 28 genera. Agro-ecosystems accounted for 40% of the 30 species' IAPS, followed by grasslands and residential areas (31% each), and forests and shrub-land (27% each).
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Vinogradova, Yulia K., Valeriy K. Tokhtar, Alexander A. Notov, Sergey R. Mayorov, and Elena S. Danilova. "Plant Invasion Research in Russia: Basic Projects and Scientific Fields." Plants 10, no. 7 (July 19, 2021): 1477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071477.
Full textAbstract:
This paper represents a review of comprehensive research into invasion biology done by Russian scholars for four decades. Invasion biology is a relatively new field of research focused on the study of alien plants, their behavior in new habitats and risks they pose to indigenous species. It is shown that over 40 years, single finds of alien plant species have transformed into a check-list of invasive species in Russia. The most significant invasion pathways were identified, and the rate of microevolutional changes in plant species in their secondary distribution range was determined. Since the most active alien species disperse without regard to national borders, international cooperation is crucial in joint studies of invasive species.
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Lázaro-Lobo, Adrián, Juan Antonio Campos, Tomás Emilio Díaz González, Eduardo Fernández-Pascual, Víctor González-García, Hélia Marchante, María Inmaculada Romero Buján, and Borja Jiménez-Alfaro. "An ecoregion-based approach to evaluate invasive plant species pools." NeoBiota 96 (October 31, 2024): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.96.116105.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive alien species are an important component of global change, threatening biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, economy, and human health. The number of alien species that attain the invasive status has experienced an exponential increase in recent years, leading some government agencies and stakeholders to allocate substantial resources to early detection, control, mitigation, and eradication programs. To develop effective nature conservation strategies, it is crucial to understand the invasive status of alien species and to identify priority species for management at spatial scales with a biogeographical basis. Despite significant progress in producing lists of alien species at the country level, a standard methodology for species assessment within ecological regions (i.e., regions with similar environmental or biogeographical characteristics) is still lacking. Here, we develop a systematic approach to determine invasion status and to prioritize invasive alien plant species within an ecoregion. We apply this approach in the Cantabrian Mixed Forests ecoregion, which encompasses biogeographically related areas from N Portugal, NW Spain, and SW France, and is strongly affected by plant invasions. By combining scientific evidence with expert opinion on the ecological characteristics of alien plants, we identified 175 invasive plant species in the study ecoregion, of which 37 cause massive environmental and/or socio-economic impacts. For each species, we provide comprehensive information and recommendations for scientists, land managers, policy makers, and other stakeholders under a biogeographical basis. This information includes species characteristics, invasion status/level, population trends, geographic locations and range size, local abundance, environmental and socio-economic impacts, and invaded habitats. We also accounted for administrative divisions within the ecoregion to facilitate the use of such evaluations in local-scale management and conservation plans. Our framework may be applied to any ecoregion worldwide, enhancing the assessment and management of invasive species pools within biogeographically meaningful regions.
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Rahmi Dina, Rahmi Dina, Gema Wahyudewantoro Gema Wahyudewantoro, Sekar Larashati Sekar Larashati, Siti Aisyah Siti Aisyah, Lukman Lukman, Sulastri Sulastri, Imroatushshoolikhah Imroatushshoolikhah, and Sopian Sauri Sopian Sauri. "Distributional Mapping and Impacts of Invasive Alien Fish in Indonesia: An Alert to Inland Waters Sustainability." Sains Malaysiana 51, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 2377–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5108-04.
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Inland water ecosystems in Indonesia face an increasing threat of alien and invasive alien fish species. Their existence have been found in Indonesian waters since before 1900, and their introduction is rapid and ongoing. In this review, we mapped the distribution of alien and invasive alien fish in different inland waters ecosystem types and islands in Indonesia, based on available literature indexed by Google Scholar. Impacts of invasive alien fish and how to control them are also discussed. This data mining exercise resulted in the successful mapping of alien and invasive alien fish in 72 lakes and 57 river systems, covering 28 provinces. A total of 50 species have spread with different compositions in each type of ecosystem and island. Oreochromis niloticus is the most commonly encountered alien species. Moreover, invasive cichlid fish are most frequently found in lakes, while Pterygoplichthys spp. are more frequently found in rivers although they can also inhabit many lakes. Java Island is a hotspot of alien and invasive alien fish distribution, with 39 species reported. Invasive alien fish harm native and endemic fish in Indonesia through competition for food, space and direct predation. The gradual reduction of established populations of invasive alien species is necessary to protect Indonesia’s freshwater ecosystems.
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Khan, Taimur, Ahmed El-Gabbas, Marina Golivets, Allan Souza, Julian Gordillo, Dylan Kierans, and Ingolf Kühn. "Prototype Biodiversity Digital Twin: Invasive Alien Species." Research Ideas and Outcomes 10 (June 17, 2024): e124579. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.10.e124579.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive alien species (IAS) threaten biodiversity and human well-being. These threats may increase in the future, necessitating accurate projections of potential locations and the extent of invasions. The main aim of the IAS prototype Digital Twin (IAS pDT) is to dynamically project the level of plant invasion at habitat level across Europe under current and future climates using joint species distribution models. The pDT detects updates in data sources and versions of the datasets and model outputs, implementing the FAIR principles. The pDT's outputs will be available via an interactive dashboard. All input and output data will be freely accessible.
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Těšitelová, Tamara, Kateřina Knotková, Adam Knotek, Hana Cempírková, and Jakub Těšitel. "Root hemiparasites suppress invasive alien clonal plants: evidence from a cultivation experiment." NeoBiota 90 (January 15, 2024): 97–121. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.113069.
Full textAbstract:
Alien invasive plants threaten biodiversity by rapid spread and competitive exclusion of native plant species. Especially, tall clonal invasives can rapidly attain strong dominance in vegetation. Root-hemiparasitic plants are known to suppress the growth of clonal plants by the uptake of resources from their below-ground organs and reduce their abundance. However, root-hemiparasites' ability to interact with alien clonal plants has not yet been tested. We explored the interactions between native root-hemiparasitic species, <i>Melampyrum arvense</i> and <i>Rhinanthus alectorolophus</i> and invasive aliens, <i>Solidago gigantea</i> and <i>Symphyotrichum lanceolatum</i>. We investigated the haustorial connections and conducted a pot experiment. We used seeds from wild hemiparasite populations and those cultivated in monostands of the invasive plants to identify a possible selection of lineages with increased compatibility with these alien hosts. The hemiparasitic species significantly suppressed the growth of the invasive plants. <i>Melampyrum</i> inflicted the most substantial growth reduction on <i>Solidago</i> (78%), followed by <i>Rhinanthus</i> (49%). Both hemiparasitic species reduced <i>Symphyotrichum</i> biomass by one-third. Additionally, <i>Melampyrum</i> reduced the shoot density of both host species. We also observed some transgenerational effects possibly facilitating the growth of hemiparasites sourced from subpopulations experienced with the host. Native root hemiparasites can effectively decrease alien clonal plants' biomass production and shoot density. The outcomes of these interactions are species-specific and may be associated with the level of clonal integration of the hosts. The putative selection of lineages with higher performance when attached to the invasive novel hosts may increase hemiparasites' efficiency in future biocontrol applications.
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Wang, Xiaoyan, Xue Wang, Wei Wang, Jiang Wang, and Feihai Yu. "Effects of Invasive Plant Diversity on Soil Microbial Communities." Diversity 14, no. 11 (November 17, 2022): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14110992.
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Native plant communities can be invaded by different numbers of alien plant species or by the same number of alien plant species with different levels of evenness. However, little is known about how alien invasive plant species richness and evenness affect soil microbial communities. We constructed native herbaceous plant communities invaded by exotic plants with different richness (1, 2, 4 and 8 species) and evenness (high and low) and analyzed soil physico-chemical properties and the diversity and composition of soil fungal and bacterial communities by high-throughput Illumina sequencing. Overall, the species richness and evenness of invasive plants had no significant effect on bacterial and fungal alpha diversity (OTUs, Shannon, Simpson, Chao1 and ACE) or the soil physico-chemical properties. However, invasive species richness had a significant impact on the relative abundance of the most dominant fungi, Ascomycota and Bipolaris, and the dominant bacteria, Actinobacteriota, which increased with increasing invasive species richness. The relative abundance of the dominant microbial groups was significantly correlated with the relative abundance of some specific invasive plants in the community. This study sheds new light on the effects of plant co-invasion on soil microbial communities, which may help us understand the underlying mechanisms of multiple alien plant invasion processes from the perspective of soil microorganisms.
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Nawrotek, Emilia. "Ochrona gatunków rodzimych przed inwazjami biologicznymi." Studia Iuridica 78 (May 29, 2019): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2290.
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Invasive alien species are a threat to biodiversity and food security, health and economic development. These species are causing enormous damage to biodiversity and the valuable natural agricultural systems upon which we depend. Globalisation, trade, travel, and transport of goods across borders they have facilitated the spread of invasive alien species. The spread of invasive alien species is now recognised as one of the greatest threats to the ecological and economic well being of the planet. The aim of the article is to analyze and attempt to assess the legal regulation relating protection native species against alien invasive species and alien species.
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White, Piran C. L., Adriana E. S. Ford, Mick N. Clout, Richard M. Engeman, Sugoto Roy, and Glen Saunders. "Alien invasive vertebrates in ecosystems: pattern, process and the social dimension." Wildlife Research 35, no. 3 (2008): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08058.
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The rate of biological invasions has increased dramatically over recent centuries. Alien invasive vertebrates have significant adverse effects on biodiversity, and island fauna are especially susceptible. Human-induced environmental change is likely to exacerbate these negative impacts of alien invasive species. However, invasion biology has advanced considerably over the last two decades, with improvement in understanding of the processes of establishment and spread. New developments in spatial modelling have elucidated the way in which behavioural processes at the individual level can drive population-level patterns such as spread. Combined with new genetic insights into the process of invasion, these advances may assist in the development of novel, better-targeted management strategies that provide new options in how to deal with the threat posed by invasive species. Decisions about whether to and how we should intervene are questions for all sectors of society, but research on the social and cultural impacts of invasive species is largely lacking. There are many opportunities for enhancing the social dimensions of invasive species research, and integrated assessments of the social, economic and environmental impacts of species provide one potential avenue. As part of this, there is also a need to increase stakeholder participation in the decision-making process regarding alien invasive species. These more holistic approaches are essential if we are to reduce the impact of alien invasive species to within acceptable limits in the face of rapid environmental change.
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Vinogradova, Yu K., A. V. Spirydovich, and V. N. Reshetnikov. "Features of development of invasive species assessment and control protocols for different groups of plant communities." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series 68, no. 1 (February 10, 2023): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2023-68-1-47-54.
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The study of invasive alien species is carried out on a large scale because the economic and ecological damage caused by biological invasions is enormous. However, no unified approach to describing invasive populations has been developed so far. In the framework of alien plant inventory in Russia, the authors have developed the “Invasive Species Assessment Protocol”, which is a tool for assessing, categorizing and including in the “black”-lists any invasive alien plant species according to its impact on native species and natural biodiversity over a large geographic area. “The Protocol” contains five basic elements of the inventory: 1) taxonomic affiliation, life form, and natural range of species; 2) ecological impact; 3) current distribution and population size; 4) trends in abundance of populations or its size; and 5) ability to control alien species dissemination. “Protocol” is presented as the special blank for description of local invasive population. The description is very brief but, if necessary, additional information about the process of invasion of each alien species can be added to it. Specific additions to the protocol for some national economic objects: railroads, introduction institutions, Specially Protected Natural Areas (SPNA) are offered. Examples of using the Protocol during the inventory of invasive species on the Trans-Siberian Railway, in the NV Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, and in the some Protected Natural Areas are given.
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Groom, Quentin, Steven Baskauf, Peter Desmet, Melodie McGeoch, Shyama Pagad, Dmitry Schigel, Ramona Walls, John Wilson, and Paula Zermoglio. "Invasive Organisms Information: A proposed TDWG Task Group." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 1 (August 14, 2017): e20266. https://doi.org/10.3897/tdwgproceedings.1.20266.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive species are a global problem for conservation, economics and health. Information on their distribution, spread and impact are essential to inform national and international policy on biodiversity. Furthermore, demand for these data are only likely to increase as recent environmental change results in the widespread reconfiguring of species distributions. Researchers and managers of invasive species require certain elements of data from observations and inventories of species, such as, how the organism was brought to the location, how well established it is and whether it is considered alien to that location. However, Darwin Core either lacks terms sufficient for these purposes or does not have a suitable controlled vocabulary on existing terms to express these concepts clearly and to harmonize data collection. We are proposing a TDWG task group to make recommendations to improve Darwin Core for invasive species research and management. Some of the specific terms we will look are dwc:establishmentMeans and dwc:occurrenceStatus. However, we may also recommend new terms and controlled vocabularies, including how to express the degree of establishment of an organism at a location. We will look at current frameworks for alien species data and analyse how these are used both by invasive species specialists and by the broader community collecting biodiversity observations. We will aim to make a proposal that is sufficiently flexible to be of use to the whole community, while providing sufficient resolution to be of use to specialists in invasion biology.
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Monty, Arnaud, Alexis Jorion, Carline Pitz, Charly Géron, and Grégory Mahy. "Alien invasive plants in Belgian limestone quarries." BASE, no. 3 (2019): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.17984.
Full textAbstract:
Description of the subject. Vegetation of high conservation value can establish in quarries, during or after exploitation. Alien plants could hamper this process and cause additional rehabilitation costs. However, the situation of plant invasion in quarries is largely unknown. Objectives. We aimed to assess alien plant invasion in active and abandoned quarries, and to identify the most invaded quarry sectors. Method. We surveyed 6,692 plots in 31 quarries in Belgium and recorded occurrence, density and cover of the 65 listed alien invasive plants in Belgium. Results. Fourteen species were recorded and 25 quarries contained at least one species. The two most occurring species, Buddleja davidii Franch. and Senecio inaequidens DC., were more widespread in quarries in activity. All sectors of the quarries were affected by alien plant invasion. Conclusions. Alien plant invasion in limestone quarries is highly variable, but significant. Considering the ecological potential of quarry sites, this issue should be better tackled.
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Adelino, José Ricardo Pires, Gustavo Heringer, Christophe Diagne, Franck Courchamp, Lucas Del Bianco Faria, and Rafael Dudeque Zenni. "The economic costs of biological invasions in Brazil: a first assessment." NeoBiota 67 (July 29, 2021): 349–74. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.67.59185.
Full textAbstract:
Biological invasions are one of the leading causes of global environmental change and their impacts can affect biodiversity, ecosystem services, human health and the economy. Yet, the understanding on the impacts of invasive alien species is still limited and mostly related to alien species outbreaks and losses in agricultural yield, followed by the understanding of the ecological impacts on natural systems. Notably, the economic impacts of biological invasions have rarely been quantified. Brazil has at least 1214 known alien species from which 460 are recognized as invasive alien species. Still, there are no comprehensive estimates of the cost of their impact and management. Here, we aimed at filling this gap by providing a comprehensive estimate of the economic cost of biological invasions in Brazil. In order to quantify these costs for species, ecosystems and human well-being we used the InvaCost database which is the first global compilation of the economic costs of biological invasions. We found that Brazil reportedly spent a minimum of USD 105.53 billions over 35 years (1984–2019), with an average spent of USD 3.02 (± 9.8) billions per year. Furthermore, USD 104.33 billion were due to damages and losses caused by invaders, whereas only USD 1.19 billion were invested in their management (prevention, control or eradication). We also found that recorded costs were unevenly distributed across ecosystems, and socio-economic sectors, and were rarely evaluated and published. We found that the economic costs with losses and damages were substantially greater than those used for prevention, control or eradication of IAS. Since our data show costs reported in Brazil for only 16 invasive alien species, our estimates are likely a conservative minimum of the actual economic costs of biological invasions in Brazil. Taken together, they indicate that invasive alien species are an important cause of economic losses and that Brazil has mostly opted for paying for the damage incurred by biological invasions rather than investing in preventing them from happening.
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Skolka, Marius, and Cristina Preda. "Alien invasive species at the Romanian Black Sea coast - Present and perspectives." Travaux du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle "Grigore Antipa" 53, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 443–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10191-010-0031-6.
Full textAbstract:
Alien invasive species at the Romanian Black Sea coast - Present and perspectives Using literature data and personal field observations we present an overview of aquatic animal alien invasive species at the Romanian Black Sea coast, including freshwater species encountered in this area. We discuss records, pathways of introduction, origin and impact on native communities for some of these alien invasive species. In perspective, we draw attention on the potential of other alien species to become invasive in the study area.