Relevant bibliographies by topics / Invasions

Academic literature on the topic 'Invasions'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Invasions"

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Rouget, Mathieu, Mark P. Robertson, John R. U. Wilson, Cang Hui, Franz Essl, Jorge L. Renteria, and David M. Richardson. "Invasion debt - quantifying future biological invasions." Diversity and Distributions 22, no. 4 (December 20, 2015): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12408.

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Richardson, David M., and Petr Pyšek. "Plant invasions: merging the concepts of species invasiveness and community invasibility." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 30, no. 3 (July 2006): 409–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0309133306pp490pr.

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This paper considers key issues in plant invasion ecology, where findings published since 1990 have significantly improved our understanding of many aspects of invasions. The review focuses on vascular plants invading natural and semi-natural ecosystems, and on fundamental ecological issues relating to species invasiveness and community invasibility. Three big questions addressed by the SCOPE programme in the 1980s (which species invade; which habitats are invaded; and how can we manage invasions?) still underpin most work in invasion ecology. Some organizing and unifying themes in the field are organism-focused and relate to species invasiveness (the tens rule; the concept of residence time; taxonomic patterns and Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis; issues of phenotypic plasticity and rapid evolutionary change, including evolution of increased competitive ability hypothesis; the role of long-distance dispersal). Others are ecosystem-centred and deal with determinants of the invasibility of communities, habitats and regions (levels of invasion, invasibility and propagule pressure; the biotic resistance hypothesis and the links between diversity and invasibility; synergisms, mutualisms, and invasional meltdown). Some theories have taken an overarching approach to plant invasions by integrating the concepts of species invasiveness and community invasibility (a theory of seed plant invasiveness; fluctuating resources theory of invasibility). Concepts, hypotheses and theories reviewed here can be linked to the naturalization-invasion continuum concept, which relates invasion processes with a sequence of environmental and biotic barriers that an introduced species must negotiate to become casual, naturalized and invasive. New research tools and improved research links between invasion ecology and succession ecology, community ecology, conservation biology and weed science, respectively, have strengthened the conceptual pillars of invasion ecology.
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Jun, Sun-Young, Soyeon An, You-Na Sung, Yejong Park, Jae Hoon Lee, Dae Wook Hwang, and Seung-Mo Hong. "Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Significance of Gallbladder and Cystic Duct Invasion in Distal Bile Duct Carcinoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 144, no. 6 (November 22, 2019): 755–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2019-0218-oa.

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Context.— The roles of the gallbladder and cystic duct (CD) invasions in distal bile duct carcinoma (DBDC) have not been well elucidated. Objective.— To define the characteristics and prognostic significance of gallbladder or CD invasions in patients with DBDC. Design.— Organ invasion patterns with clinicopathologic features were assessed in 258 resected DBDCs. Results.— CD invasions (N = 31) were associated with frequent concomitant pancreatic and/or duodenal invasions (23 of 31, 74%) and showed stromal infiltration (16 of 31, 52%) and intraductal cancerization (15 of 31, 48%) patterns. In only 2 cases, invasions with intraductal cancerization were observed in the gallbladder neck. Conversely, all pancreatic (N = 175) and duodenal (83) invasions developed through stromal infiltration. CD invasions were associated with larger tumor size (P = .001), bile duct margin positivity (P = .001), perineural invasions (P = .04), and higher N categories (P = .007). Patients with pancreatic or duodenal invasions had significantly lower survival rates than those without pancreatic (median, 31.0 versus 93.9 months) or duodenal (27.5 versus 56.8 months, P < .001, both) invasions. However, those with gallbladder or CD invasions did not have different survival times (P = .13). Patients with concomitant gallbladder/CD and pancreatic/duodenal invasions demonstrated significantly lower survival rates than those without organ invasions (P < .001). Conclusions.— Gallbladder invasions were rare in DBDCs as neck invasions with intraductal cancerization. CD invasions occurred by stromal infiltrations and intraductal cancerization, whereas all pancreatic and duodenal invasions had stromal infiltration patterns. Gallbladder and/or CD invasions did not affect survival rates of patients with DBDC, while pancreatic and duodenal invasions affected survival rates. Therefore, these differences in survival rates may originate from the different invasive patterns of DBDCs.
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Tian, Xiao-Kun, Min-Yan Wang, Ping Meng, Jin-Song Zhang, Ben-Zhi Zhou, Xiao-Gai Ge, Fei-Hai Yu, and Mai-He Li. "Native Bamboo Invasions into Subtropical Forests Alter Microbial Communities in Litter and Soil." Forests 11, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11030314.

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Both exotic and native plant invasions can have profound impacts on ecosystems. While many studies have examined the effects of exotic plant invasions on soil properties, relatively few have tested the effects of native plant invasions on soil microbial communities. Furthermore, we know little about the effects of native plant invasions on microbial communities in litter. In subtropical forests in southern China, we sampled litter at three decomposition stages and top soil in three forest sands representing three stages of the invasion (not invaded, moderately and heavily invaded) by the Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carriere) J. Houzeau), a native species in China. We measured chemical properties (concentrations of C, N, P, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Mn, Cu, and Zn, and concentrations of cellulose and lignin) and microbial communities in litter and/or soil. The bamboo invasion, in general, decreased the element concentrations in litter and soil and also decreased total microbial abundance and diversity. Considering bacteria and fungi separately, the bamboo invasion decreased fungal diversity in litter and soil, but had little impact on bacterial diversity, suggesting that fungi are more sensitive and vulnerable to the bamboo invasion than bacteria. We conclude that native Moso bamboo invasions into subtropical forests may lead to a complex biogeochemical process in the litter–soil system, which may threaten local forest ecosystems by affecting microbial communities and, thus, litter decomposition and nutrient cycling.
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Potgieter, Luke J., and Marc W. Cadotte. "The application of selected invasion frameworks to urban ecosystems." NeoBiota 62 (October 15, 2020): 365–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.62.50661.

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Urbanization is a major driver of global change. Profound human-mediated changes to urban environments have provided increased opportunities for species to invade. The desire to understand and manage biological invasions has led to an upsurge in frameworks describing the mechanisms underpinning the invasion process and the ecological and socio-economic impacts of invading taxa. This paper assesses the applicability of three commonly used invasion frameworks to urban ecosystems. The first framework describes the mechanisms leading to invasion; the second and third frameworks assess individual species, and their associated environmental and socio-economic impacts, respectively. In urban areas, the relative effectiveness of the barriers to invasion is diminished (to varying degrees) allowing a greater proportion of species to move through each subsequent invasion stage, i.e. “the urban effect” on invasion. Impact classification schemes inadequately circumscribe the full suite of impacts (negative and positive) associated with invasions in urban areas. We suggest ways of modifying these frameworks to improve their applicability to understanding and managing urban invasions.
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Heger, Tina, Jonathan M. Jeschke, and Johannes Kollmann. "Some reflections on current invasion science and perspectives for an exciting future." NeoBiota 68 (September 17, 2021): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.68.68997.

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Species spreading beyond their native ranges are important study objects in ecology and environmental sciences and research on biological invasions is thriving. Along with an increase in the number of publications, the research field is experiencing an increase in the diversity of methods applied and questions asked. This development has facilitated an upsurge in information on invasions, but it also creates conceptual and practical challenges. To provide more transparency on which kind of research is actually done in the field, the distinction between invasion science, encompassing the full spectrum of studies on biological invasions and the sub-field of invasion biology, studying patterns and mechanisms of species invasions with a focus on biological research questions, can be useful. Although covering a smaller range of topics, invasion biology today still is the driving force in invasion science and we discuss challenges stemming from its embeddedness in the social context. Invasion biology consists of the building blocks ‘theory’, ‘case studies’ and ‘application’, where theory takes the form of conceptual frameworks, major hypotheses and statistical generalisations. Referencing recent work in philosophy of science, we argue that invasion biology, like other biological or ecological disciplines, does not rely on the development of an all-encompassing theory in order to be efficient. We suggest, however, that theory development is nonetheless necessary and propose improvements. Recent advances in data visualisation, machine learning and semantic modelling are providing opportunities for enhancing knowledge management and presentation and we suggest that invasion science should use these to transform its ways of publishing, archiving and visualising research. Along with a stronger focus on studies going beyond purely biological questions, this would facilitate the efficient prevention and management of biological invasions.
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Romanuk, Tamara N., Yun Zhou, Ulrich Brose, Eric L. Berlow, Richard J. Williams, and Neo D. Martinez. "Predicting invasion success in complex ecological networks." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1524 (June 27, 2009): 1743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0286.

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A central and perhaps insurmountable challenge of invasion ecology is to predict which combinations of species and habitats most effectively promote and prevent biological invasions. Here, we integrate models of network structure and nonlinear population dynamics to search for potential generalities among trophic factors that may drive invasion success and failure. We simulate invasions where 100 different species attempt to invade 150 different food webs with 15–26 species and a wide range (0.06–0.32) of connectance. These simulations yield 11 438 invasion attempts by non-basal species, 47 per cent of which are successful. At the time of introduction, whether or not the invader is a generalist best predicts final invasion success; however, once the invader establishes itself, it is best distinguished from unsuccessful invaders by occupying a lower trophic position and being relatively invulnerable to predation. In general, variables that reflect the interaction between an invading species and its new community, such as generality and trophic position, best predict invasion success; however, for some trophic categories of invaders, fundamental species traits, such as having the centre of the feeding range low on the theoretical niche axis (for non-omnivorous and omnivorous herbivores), or the topology of the food web (for tertiary carnivores), best predict invasion success. Across all invasion scenarios, a discriminant analysis model predicted successful and failed invasions with 76.5 per cent accuracy for properties at the time of introduction or 100 per cent accuracy for properties at the time of establishment. More generally, our results suggest that tackling the challenge of predicting the properties of species and habitats that promote or inhibit invasions from food web perspective may aid ecologists in identifying rules that govern invasions in natural ecosystems.
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Ingenloff, Kathryn, Christopher M. Hensz, Tashitso Anamza, Vijay Barve, Lindsay P. Campbell, Jacob C. Cooper, Ed Komp, et al. "Predictable invasion dynamics in North American populations of the Eurasian collared dove Streptopelia decaocto." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1862 (September 6, 2017): 20171157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1157.

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Species invasions represent a significant dimension of global change yet the dynamics of invasions remain poorly understood and are considered rather unpredictable. We explored interannual dynamics of the invasion process in the Eurasian collared dove ( Streptopelia decaocto ) and tested whether the advance of the invasion front of the species in North America relates to centrality (versus peripherality) within its estimated fundamental ecological niche. We used ecological niche modelling approaches to estimate the dimensions of the fundamental ecological niche on the Old World distribution of the species, and then transferred that model to the New World as measures of centrality versus peripherality within the niche for the species. Although our hypothesis was that the invasion front would advance faster over more favourable (i.e. more central) conditions, the reverse was the case: the invasion expanded faster in areas presenting less favourable (i.e. more peripheral) conditions for the species as it advanced across North America. This result offers a first view of a predictive approach to the dynamics of species' invasions, and thereby has relevant implications for the management of invasive species, as such a predictive understanding would allow better anticipation of coming steps and advances in the progress of invasions, important to designing and guiding effective remediation and mitigation efforts.
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Sinclair, James S., Jeffrey A. Brown, and Julie L. Lockwood. "Reciprocal human-natural system feedback loops within the invasion process." NeoBiota 62 (October 15, 2020): 489–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.62.52664.

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Biological invasions are inextricably linked to how people collect, move, interact with and perceive non-native species. However, invasion frameworks generally do not consider reciprocal interactions between non-native species and people. Non-native species can shape human actions via beneficial or detrimental ecological and socioeconomic effects and people, in turn, shape invasions through their movements, behaviour and how they respond to the collection, transport, introduction and spread of non-natives. The feedbacks that stem from this ‘coupled human and natural system’ (CHANS) could therefore play a key role in mitigating (i.e. negative feedback loops) or exacerbating (i.e. positive feedback loops) ongoing and future invasions. We posit that the invasion process could be subdivided into three CHANS that span from the source region from which non-natives originate to the recipient region in which they establish and spread. We also provide specific examples of feedback loops that occur within each CHANS that have either reduced or facilitated new introductions and spread of established non-native species. In so doing, we add to exisiting invasion frameworks to generate new hypotheses about human-based drivers of biological invasions and further efforts to determine how ecological outcomes feed back into human actions.
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Stigall, Alycia L. "The Invasion Hierarchy: Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Invasions in the Fossil Record." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 50, no. 1 (November 2, 2019): 355–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110617-062638.

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Species invasions are pervasive in Earth history, yet the ecological and evolutionary consequences vary greatly. Ancient invasion events can be organized in a hierarchy of increasing invasion intensity from ephemeral invasions to globally pervasive invasive regimes. Each level exhibits emergent properties exceeding the sum of interactions at lower levels. Hierarchy levels correspond to, but do not always exactly correlate with, geographic extent of invasion success. The ecological impacts of lower-level impacts can be negligible or result in temporary community accommodation. Invasion events at moderate to high levels of the hierarchy permanently alter ecological communities, regional faunas, and global ecosystems. The prevalence of invasive species results in evolutionary changes by fostering niche evolution, differential survival of ecologically generalized taxa, faunal homogenization, and suppressing speciation. These impacts can contribute to mass extinctions and biodiversity crises that alter the trajectory of ecological and evolutionary patterns of life. The fossil record provides a long-term record of how invasion impacts may scale up through time, which can augment ecological studies of modern species invasions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Invasions"

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White, Laura Linsey Fallaize. "Mechanisms underlying marine macroalgal invasions : understanding invasion success of Sargassum muticum." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23713.

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This thesis examines different aspects of invasion success of the brown macroalga Sargassum muticum. Chapter two investigates the relationship between native diversity and invasibility by S. muticum in experimental and unmanipulated communities of low intertidal macroalgae. I found that diversity effects on invasion varied from positive to negative with life history stage of the invader. Native diversity facilitated recruitment of S. muticum, but decreased growth and or survivorship. Phenological differences between S. muticum and native macroalgal species may contribute to the success of this invader in British Columbia. Chapter three explores the effects of S. muticum on native macroalgal diversity at different densities by manipulating exotic density in natural communities. I found that the effects of S. muticum on native macroalgal richness were both density and time dependent, and are mediated through competition for light. The reciprocal interaction between S. muticum and native macroalgal diversity has shown effects in both directions, and suggest some degree of symmetry in the interaction between non-native S. muticum and native macroalgae. Chapter four examines whether non-native S. muticum is less grazed than native macroalgae in British Columbia, and whether the concentrations of defensive polyphenolic compounds in the tissue of the exotic differ from native conspecifics. In contrast to the predictions of the Enemy-Release Hypothesis, I showed that when presented a choice, native herbivores do not discriminate between native and non-native macroalgae. The levels of polyphenolic defenses in the exotic were similar to some native macroalgae, suggesting differences in polyphenolic concentrations are not influencing herbivore choice. Reduced grazing of non-native S. muticum by native herbivores is not contributing to the success of this invasive in British Columbia. Chapter five tests two predictions of the Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability hypothesis; whether S. muticum in non-native regions attains greater sizes and lower chemical defenses than conspecifics in the native region. We compared the size (as a measure of performance) and levels of polyphenolic defenses of S. muticum from its native and invaded regions. My preliminary results suggest that in non-native regions, S. muticum attains larger sizes with lower levels of defensive polyphenolic compounds than native regions.
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Shucksmith, Richard. "Biological invasions : the role of biodiversity in determining community susceptibility to invasion." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485655.

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Invasion by non-native species has the potential to change native biodiversity, community structure, food webs and interactions between species.. Small scale manipUlative experiments :using sessile organisms have shown that increasing biodiversity reduces community susceptibility to invasion by non-native species. However, large scale observational studies have shown that some ofthe most diverse systems are the most invaded. The search fora generalised mechanism that may make a resident community resistant to invasion by a non-native species has proven difficUlt and has provided contrasting resUlts. Small scale experiments have been criticised for their dinllnptive spatial scale and -rdatively homogeneous environmental conditions. _ The contrasting results between the experimental and observational studies may be due to the heterogeneous nature ofmost environments which iilllY promote invasion as well as coexistence. In this thesis I study the relationship between invasion and competition in heterogeneous en'ir0nments using the North-East Asian amphipod Caprella mutica. Caprellids have been shown to live on marine sessile species such as, algae, hydroids, tunicates, mussels, bryozoans and sponges which attach to a hard substratum and form '. . erect structures that project into the wat~r column. Species-rich epifaunal comm.unities . can create a structurally diverse habitat. In choice experiments using different structural patches and structure types in the laboratory, there was no effect ofthe number of different types ofstructures in a patch on the number of C. mutica attached to a patch, but structure type was critically important. Caprella mutica preferred the filament.ous structures long t¢and short turf .over mussel mimics. In field experiments, densities were 7 times greater than the laboratory experiments.. There were twice as many caprellids on the structurally heterogeneous patches than on the structurally homogeneous patches. However, invasion patterns in the field did follow the same structure type as the laboratory experiments. Intraspecific competition appeared to be stronger on the homogeneous patches, whereas there were more refuges and microhabitats on the heterogeneous patches and this may have reduced the aggressive interactions between conspecifics. Artificial and live habitats were placed together in laboratory experiments and there was .t'. no difference in the number of caprellids attached to the artificial and live habitats. Lack ofdifferences between live biota and the artificial mimics showed that C. mutica habitat choice is most likely due to the physical characteristics ofthe habitat. Furthermore, choice oftype ofstructure did not differ betWeen the artificial and live patches. I In competition experiments between C. mutica and two native cap~ellids Caprella linearis and Pseudoprotella.phasma, C. mutica successfully displaced both species from homogeneous artificial habitat patches after 24 hours. Patches that had a refuge attached reduced the number of C. linearis being displaced but only when C. mutica was at a low density. Further experiments, using 3 different levels of structural heterogeneity with C. linearis .and C. mutica, showed that the two species could occupy the structurally heterogeneous patches at similar densities after the 24 hour experimenta~ period. On structurally homogeneous patches C. mutica significantly displaced C. linearis. Aggressive interactions were likely to have been more intense on the homogeneous than structurally heterogeneous patches and this study suggests that C. mutica displaces C. linearis through agonistic interactions. The same processes that reduced intraspecific competition in the first set ofexperiments also promoted coexistence between the two ecologically similar species. Consequently, structurally diverse habitats have the potential to promote invasion while at the same time reducing the impact of an invader on native species. Kelp communities consisting ofLaminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima in close proximity to known populations of C. mutica were surveyed and showed that C. mutica did disperse to the kelp communities but was not found on any ofthe kelp plants in the upper zone of the kelp bed. This study was limited to only sampling kelp plants to a depth of 1 to 2 m on spring tides and it is possible that C. mutica may inhabit kelp ' . plants that are deeper. However, laborat~ experiments showed Carcinus maenas predated on C. mutica and may provide biotic resistance to benthic emjronments from 'the invasion by C. mutica. Even at small spatial scales where environmental conditions were similar for both the laboratory and field experiments, the probability of invasion cannot be predicted ' reliably from aggregate community 'measures such as species richness (analogous to the number ofdifferent types ofstructures). Individual characteristics ofthe invading ,' species and positive'associations with structure types, even at small spatial scales, may increase the probability ofinvasion regardless of species richness. Thus, invasion by C. mutica is likely if an appropriate structure type is prese.nt and the success ofinvasion increases with an increasing richness of structure-forming epibiota. For native fauna, which have a similar ecological requirement to the invader, structural heterogeneity appears to reduce the impact ofthe invading species. Habitat heterogeneity may be essential for co-existence between a superior and inferior competitor, as structurally complex habitats offer a variety of different microhabitats and niches. The invasibility of a community, therefore, depends on the diversity and composition of the community being invaded, and the invasive potential of a species depends not only on the community properties, but also on the characteristics of the invader.
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Britton, Andrea Jane. "Modelling invasions on heathlands." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284563.

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Minors, Kevin. "Deterministic and stochastic population invasions." Thesis, University of Bath, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.761030.

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This thesis concerns three models of deterministic and stochastic population invasions, starting from individual-level interactions and deducing population level behaviour. Firstly, we model a bacteria population near obstacles using the 2D FisherKolmogorov-Petrovskii-Piscounov (FKPP) equation with mixed boundary conditions along a corridor and in the half-plane. For a deterministic population, we calculate the smallest corridor width required for survival, the angle the population level sets make with the boundaries, and the population speed. As the hostility of the mixed boundaries increases, the condition for collapse behind the front is achieved before the condition to achieve speed zero ahead of the front. Secondly, we model an invasive fish population using the 1D FKPP equation and explore the effect that sexual conflict between individuals has on the diffusion rate, and hence the invasion speed, of the population. After introducing a stochastic model for the microscopic movement, we demonstrate how sexual conflict can increase the effective diffusion rate of a pair of individuals by determining the mean speed, separation, and time required for a direction change. In large populations, sexual conflict can increase the diffusion rate ahead of the front, where the speed of the invasion is determined. Finally, we model the spread of an opinion using the voter model with nonlocal interaction and diffusion. Individuals can either persuade others who are close by very strongly or persuade others who are far away very weakly. In low density populations, we determine the probability of either individual persuading the other when two different individuals meet in a pair. In a high density population, a small noise expansion determines whether the proportion of either type in the population increases or decreases on average. In both regimes, we find that wide and weakly persuading individuals have an advantage.
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Pujol, Buxó Eudald. "Biological invasions: a temporal, spatial and plastic point of view: the case of Discoglossus pictus in Europe = Invasions biològiques: un punt de vista temporal, espaial i plàstic : el cas de Discoglossus pictus a Europa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/456898.

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The rates at which allochthonous species are introduced and become invasive worldwide are unprecedented and accordingly, the number of studies on invasion biology have increased during the past years. However, biological invasions are still seemingly underused as natural laboratories to test essential biological theory. In this sense, the nine studies – ordered in three parts, which function as thematic blocks – presented in this thesis try to globally give an evolutionary – apart from ecologic – point of view on the ongoing invasion of the Mediterranean Painted Frog (Discoglossus pictus) in Europe. This frog is native to Northern Africa and was introduced from Algeria in Southern France approximately a century ago, being nowadays present on a wide coastal strip of approximately 250km in SE France and NE Spain, constantly colonizing new areas. The aim of “PART A: Intraspecific variation along the invasive range of Discoglossus pictus” is the examination at a phenotypic and genomic level of possible differences across populations within the invasive range of the species. We observe that the Mediterranean Painted Frog is not a uniform unit in its invasive range in Europe: mean size of adults and life-history traits related to mean annual precipitation, while substantial genetic differences among populations are most probably created by the expansion history itself. The aim of “PART B: Intraguild competition in tadpoles of Discoglossus pictus” is to study and discuss the role of Discoglossus pictus tadpoles as potential competitors for the larvae of native anurans. We here see that the Mediterranean Painted Frog represents, physiologically, a unique addition to the local tadpole guild, characterized by a very rapid and consumption-oriented growth, and that these tadpoles are able to increase the quality and quantity of its food intake when these possibilities are provided. This poses these tadpoles as potentially very disruptive of the natural dynamics of native anurans. Concerning the competitive relationship between the Natterjack Toad (Epidalea calamita) and the Mediterranean Painted Frog, we can observe that it changes according to previous evolutionary history of populations. In this sense, populations of the native toad that have had a greater number of generations of contact with the invasive frog are able to inflict a greater competitive distress on the invasive tadpoles. Both competitors also differ mildly in their breeding preferences, but nevertheless, both species seem forced to end up competing very often at a pond level. Within ponds, the trophic position of both species can respond either to evolutionary or to ecological patterns with the data gathered hitherto. Finally, in “PART C: Tadpoles of Discoglossus pictus as prey for aquatic native predators”, two studies examine if invasive tadpoles modify its phenotypes in front of an array of – native and invasive – predators, testing also the effectiveness of the possible changes. Interestingly, the invasive frog presents a pattern of inducible defences which would be expected for a native anuran, responding to all native predators effectively, while lacking responses in front of introduced or invasive predators. Globally, the complex evolutionary history of the local anuran assemblages poses the Mediterranean Painted Frog as a good model for ecological and evolutionary studies reaching beyond invasion biology, as it is very particular case of invasive species, in which effects of previous recurrent shared evolutionary history with similar competitor / predator species are probably present.
Les invasions biològiques estan essent aparentment infrautilitzades com a laboratoris naturals per investigar certs aspectes teòrics fonamentals de la biologia. En aquest sentit, els nou estudis presentats en aquesta tesi – ordenats en tres blocs temàtics – intenten donar un punt de vista evolutiu – a part d'ecològic – sobre la invasió de la granota pintada (Discoglossus pictus) a Europa. Aquesta granota es va introduir des d'Algèria a Banyuls de la Marenda (Catalunya Nord) fa aproximadament un segle, arribant ara des de Montpeller fins a Sant Celoni, colonitzant contínuament noves àrees. A la "PART A: variabilitat intraespecífica al llarg de la distribució invasora de Discoglossus pictus" observem que la granota pintada no forma un conjunt uniforme de poblacions en la seva distribució invasora europea, ni fenotípica ni genòmicament: la mida i els trets de la història vital dels adults es relacionen amb la precipitació mitjana de cada zona, mentre que la diferenciació genètica entre poblacions ha estat molt probablement creada pel procés d'expansió en sí. A la "PART B: Competència intra-gremi en capgrossos de Discoglossus pictus" veiem que la granota pintada representa, fisiològicament, una addició única al gremi local de capgrossos, caracteritzada per un creixement molt ràpid i orientat al consum, amb bones capacitats d'augmentar la qualitat i quantitat de la ingesta d'aliments quan n'hi ha possibilitats. Pel que fa a la freqüent relació de competència entre Epidalea calamita i Discoglossus pictus, podem observar que els capgrossos autòctons que han tingut un major nombre de generacions de contacte amb els invasors són capaços d'infligir un major estrès competitiu en aquests. Els dos competidors també difereixen lleugerament en les seves preferències de cria, però semblen estar obligats a acabar competint molt sovint a nivell de bassa. Dins d'aquestes, la posició tròfica d'ambdues espècies pot respondre tant a patrons evolutius com a patrons ecològics amb les dades recollides fins ara. Finalment, a la "Part C: Capgrossos de Discoglossus pictus com a presa per depredadors aquàtics autòctons" veiem que la granota invasora presenta un patró de defenses induïbles que s'emmotlla al que s'esperaria per a un anur autòcton, responent a tots els depredadors nadius eficaçment, mancant respostes davant de depredadors introduïts. La complexa història evolutiva dels conjunts d'anurs del mediterrani occidental posa la granota pintada com un cas molt particular d'espècie invasora, on no ses poden descartar els efectes d'una història co-evolutiva prèvia entre espècies similars.
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Berwill, Wilhelm. "Invasions- och insatsförsvaret : En professionsteoretisk jämförelse." Thesis, Swedish National Defence College, Swedish National Defence College, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-739.

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This essay is on the subject of the changes that the Swedish military is undergoing. This essay will take the old ways of alignment thinking, were the military was to protect the nation against an invasion and compare it to the newer way of alignment thinking, where the military is to go abroad and do peacekeeping operations as there main objective. This comparison will be done by using Bengt Abrahamson theory about professions. He uses three parts one is specialised theoretical knowledge, another is ethics and the last is corps spirit. This theory will then be connected to four interviews. Two with officers representing the defence thinking and two officers representing the peacekeeping thinking. Through this theory and interviews there will be a comparison which tells the different skills and mental attribute the soldiers of the different alignment way of thinking requires. The results shows that the soldiers from the defensive alignment are not capable to do the samet hings as the soldiers from the peacekeeping alignment, but the soldiers from the peacekeeping alignment can handle both the defence and the peaces keeping. Most importantly it shows that there is a difference in the mental attitude between the two ways of alignment thinking. Something I think should be looked upon further to show if it has any effect on how the different soldiers act depending on which alignment they have been trained under. Can the soldiers from these two alignments be combined, or are they too different to do so?

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Hirsch, Philipp E. "Phenotypic Processes Triggered by Biological Invasions." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Limnologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-158697.

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Individuals within a single population can vary widely in their phenotype e.g. in their body shape. These differences are an important source of biodiversity and they can precede evolutionary divergence within a population. In this thesis we use the biological invasion of the zebra mussels into Swedish lakes to investigate which processes create or maintain phenotypic diversity within populations of the two native fish species perch and roach and the mussel itself. Both fishes have specially adapted body shapes that depend on whether they feed in the near-shore or open-water habitat of lakes. This habitat-specific divergence was more pronounced in lakes with zebra mussels, probably because resources in both habitats were in higher supply due to the mussels’ effects on the lakes. Divergence in perch body shapes between habitats was also higher in lakes with a higher water clarity, suggesting that visual conditions can affect the resource use and thus also the expression of a habitat-specific body shape. When investigating the diversity of body shapes in the mussel itself we found that mussels from one lake changed their shell shape when exposed to different predators: fish predators induced a more elongated shell shape while crayfish predators induced a rounder shell. These specific shell shapes probably serve as two alternative predator defenses protecting the mussel from predation. We conclude that the availability and use of distinct resources is an important source of diversity within populations. Abiotic conditions can play a previously underappreciated role by promoting or impairing the use of the distinct resources thus affecting the divergence. The diversity of shell shapes we found in the zebra mussels complements our study by demonstrating that not only consumer responses to resources but also resources’ responses to predators can generate phenotypic diversity.
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Gilbert, Mark. "Modelling species invasions in heterogeneous landscapes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:944d15d3-257a-47e5-acb9-9bdfba26985b.

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Biological invasions are devastating ecosystems and economies world-wide, while many native species' survival depends on their ability to track climate change. Characterising the spread of biological populations is therefore of utmost importance, and can be studied with spatially explicit, discrete-time integro-difference equations (IDEs), which reflect numerous species' processes of demography and dispersal. While spatial variation has often been ignored when implementing IDE models, real landscapes are rarely spatially uniform and environmental variation is crucial in determining biological spread. To address this, we use novel methods to characterise population spread in heterogeneous landscapes. Asymptotic analysis is used for highly fragmented landscapes, where habitat patches are isolated and smaller than the dispersal scale, and in landscapes with low environmental variation, where the ecological parameters vary by no more than a small factor from their mean values. We find that the choice of dispersal kernel determines the effect of landscape structure on spreading speed, indicating that accurately fitting a kernel to data is important in accurately predicting speed. For the low-variation case, the spreading speeds in the heterogeneous and homogeneous landscapes differ by ϵ2, where ϵ governs the degree of variation, suggesting that in many cases, a simpler homogeneous model gives similar spread rates. For irregular landscapes, analytical methods become intractable and numerical simulation is needed to predict spread. Accurate simulation requires high spatial resolution, which, using existing techniques, requires prohibitive amounts of computational resources (RAM, CPU etc). We overcome this by developing and implementing a novel algorithm that uses adaptive mesh refinement. The approximations and simulation algorithm produce accurate results, with the adaptive algorithm providing large improvements in efficiency without significant losses of accuracy compared to non-adaptive simulations. Hence, the adaptive algorithm enables faster simulation at previously unfeasible scales and resolutions, permitting novel areas of scientific research in species spread modelling.
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Vogl, Gero, Marcus Rennhofer, Bogdan Sepiol, Manfred Smolik, Franz Essl, and Ingrid Kleinbauer. "Invasions of isotopes and of neobiota." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-194174.

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We report on invasions with low diffusivity: one in materials science and one in ecology. What is interesting in materials science is to describe diffusivities in order to model technological important materials. In ecology on the other hand predictions into the future appear the most challenging issue.
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Vogl, Gero, Marcus Rennhofer, Bogdan Sepiol, Manfred Smolik, Franz Essl, and Ingrid Kleinbauer. "Invasions of isotopes and of neobiota." Diffusion fundamentals 6 (2007) 76, S. 1-2, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14256.

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We report on invasions with low diffusivity: one in materials science and one in ecology. What is interesting in materials science is to describe diffusivities in order to model technological important materials. In ecology on the other hand predictions into the future appear the most challenging issue.
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Books on the topic "Invasions"

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Nentwig, Wolfgang. Biological invasions. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Invasions. New York: Avon EOS, 2000.

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Izzi, Eugene. Invasions. New York: Bantam Books, 1991.

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1920-, Asimov Isaac, Waugh Charles, Greenberg Martin Harry, New American Library, and Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), eds. Invasions. New York, N.Y: New American Library, 1990.

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Traveset, Anna, and David M. Richardson, eds. Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0000.

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Abstract This book contains 23 chapters divided into seven parts. Part I reviews the key hypotheses in invasion ecology that invoke biotic interactions to explain aspects of plant invasion dynamics; and reviews models, theories and hypotheses on how invasion performance and impact of introduced species in recipient ecosystems can be conjectured according to biotic interactions between native and non-native species. Part II deals with positive and negative interactions in the soil. Part III discusses mutualistic interactions that promote plant invasions. Part IV describes antagonistic interactions that hinder plant invasions, while part V presents the consequences of plant invasions for biotic interactions among native species. In part VI, novel techniques and experimental approaches in the study of plant invasions are shown. In the last part, biotic interactions and the management of ecosystems invaded by non-native plants are discussed.
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Johnson, Craig R., ed. Seaweed Invasions. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110211344.

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Blackburn, Tim M., Julie L. Lockwood, and Phillip Cassey. Avian Invasions. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199232543.001.1.

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Nentwig, Wolfgang, ed. Biological Invasions. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36920-2.

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1953-, Nentwig Wolfgang, ed. Biological invasions. Berlin: Springer, 2007.

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Williamson, Mark. Biological invasions. London: Chapman & Hall, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Invasions"

1

J. Fall, Juliet. "Invasions étranges, invasions étrangères." In Aux frontières de l'animal, 177–88. Librairie Droz, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/droz.dubie.2012.01.0177.

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Ferreiro, Alberto. "Invasions." In The Visigoths in Gaul and Spain AD 418-711, 37–59. BRILL, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004621640_007.

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Vallero, Daniel A., and Trevor M. Letcher. "Invasions." In Unraveling Environmental Disasters, 321–51. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-397026-8.00013-6.

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"Invasions." In The Visigoths in Gaul and Iberia (Update), 13–18. BRILL, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004169449.i-306.14.

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"Invasions." In The Visigoths in Gaul and Iberia (Update), 11–26. BRILL, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004276598_004.

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"INVASIONS." In The Visigoths in Gaul and Iberia (Update), 15–24. BRILL, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004215382_004.

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"INVASIONS." In Migration and the Making of Ireland, 7–18. Indiana University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv20hcvgc.5.

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Díaz-Stevens, Ana María, and Anthony M. Stevens-Arroyo. "Invasions." In Recognizing the Latino Resurgence in U.S. Religion, 83–115. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429497803-3.

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Jerde, Christopher L., and Jonathan M. Bossenbroek. "Uncertain Invasions: A Biological Perspective." In Bioeconomics of Invasive Species, 151–79. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195367980.003.0007.

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Abstract In the absence of perfect knowledge about how a system or process works, there is unexplained variability in observations and predictions, or uncertainty. Uncertainty is the reason biologists experience difficulty identifying the properties of successful invaders and predicting invasions (Kolar and Lodge 2001). Prior to and following Elton’s (1958) treatise, invasion biology received mainly disparate scientific interest, and it has only recently gained general ecological popularity (Davis et al. 2001; Puth and Post 2005) because of threats to biodiversity and Financial losses (Pimentel et al. 2000, 2005). Now scientists are faced with the challenge of predicting and ideally preventing invasions without fully understanding the mechanisms that lead to successful invasion. Some have argued that predicting invasions in light of such uncertainty is futile (Gilpin 1990).
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Pimentel, David. "Introduction." In Biological Invasions, 2–8. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420041668.ch1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Invasions"

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Lumsden, Charles. "Cell invasions." In the ACM SIGGRAPH 05 electronic art and animation catalog. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1086057.1086177.

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Kim, Raphael, Roland van Dierendonck, and Stefan Poslad. "Moldy Ghosts and Yeasty Invasions." In CHI '19: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3290607.3312895.

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Gupta, Amrita, Mehrdad Farajtabar, Bistra Dilkina, and Hongyuan Zha. "Discrete Interventions in Hawkes Processes with Applications in Invasive Species Management." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/470.

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The spread of invasive species to new areas threatens the stability of ecosystems and causes major economic losses. We propose a novel approach to minimize the spread of an invasive species given a limited intervention budget. We first model invasive species spread using Hawkes processes, and then derive closed-form expressions for characterizing the effect of an intervention action on the invasion process. We use this to obtain an optimal intervention plan based on an integer programming formulation, and compare the optimal plan against several ecologically-motivated heuristic strategies used in practice. We present an empirical study of two variants of the invasive control problem: minimizing the final rate of invasions, and minimizing the number of invasions at the end of a given time horizon. The optimized intervention achieves nearly the same level of control that would be attained by completely eradicating the species, but at only 60-80\% of the cost.
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Stigall, Alycia L. "THE INVASION HIERARCHY: QUANTIFYING ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF INVASIONS IN THE FOSSIL RECORD." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-331517.

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Cichon, Ann-Christin, Adam Pickard, Daksha Patel, and Dennis McCance. "Abstract 51: Stromal AKT2 controls epithelial invasions." In Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-51.

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Grace, J. Kenneth. "Formosan and Asian subterranean termite invasions in Hawaii." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.92753.

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Takala, Jouni, Matti Laehdeniemi, and Juha T. Tanttu. "Infrared monitoring of plant damage and herbivore invasions." In SPIE's 1995 Symposium on OE/Aerospace Sensing and Dual Use Photonics, edited by Sharon A. Semanovich. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.204874.

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Sýkora, Juraj. "Eastern Flank of NATO – Analysis of the Eastern Flank on NATO Countries' Military Expenditure." In EDAMBA 2023: 26th International Scientific Conference for Doctoral Students and Post-Doctoral Scholars. Bratislava: University of Economics in Bratislava, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53465/edamba.2023.9788022551274.272-281.

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The Eastern Flank of NATO countries – Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania – are all situated in the neighbourhood of Ukraine and Russia. That is the reason why their security importance for the whole Alliance is increasing in the context of the war in Ukraine. However, there is the question of how the Russian invasion to Ukraine can impact the military expenditure of the mentioned countries. Nonetheless, to answer such a question, there needs to be empirical proof that the Eastern Flank of NATO countries’ military spending correlates together. The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between the military spending of Eastern Flank of NATO countries and assess how the Russian invasions of Chechnya, Georgia, and Crimea have affected their military expenditures.
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Garnas, Jeff. "Impact of cryptic diversity and misidentifications in managing invasions." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94395.

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Egamova, Shohida. "MILITARY TERMS IN THE EPIC OF "SADDI ISKANDARI" BY ALISHER NAVOY." In THE PLACE OF THE ANCESTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD MILITARY WORK AND MILITARY ART: AS AN EXAMPLE OF LITERARY AND HISTORICAL SOURCES. Alisher Navo'i Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.conf.2024.4.5/uvvg3824.

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Reports on the topic "Invasions"

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Sabitov, Alebai, Yuliya Khamanova, Anna Sharova, and Dmitriy Soldatov. Electronic educational course Parasite Invasions. SIB-Expertise, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0771.29012024.

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The Electronic educational course Parasite Invasions was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education in the specialty 31.05.01 General Medicine (specialty level) and taking into account the requirements of the professional standard 02.009 General Practitioner (Local Physician). The purpose of studying the course is for students to master the necessary amount of theoretical and practical knowledge on parasitic infestations necessary for the formation of competencies in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Education in the specialty General Medicine, the ability and readiness to perform labor functions required by the professional standard of General Practitioner. Course objectives: to study the etiology and pathogenesis of parasitic diseases; train students in the diagnosis of the most important clinical syndromes in parasitic diseases; train students to create a differential diagnostic algorithm if a parasitic disease is suspected; train students in choosing the optimal etiotropic and pathogenetic treatment of major parasitic diseases; training in dispensary observation and rehabilitation of patients during the recovery period; - develop in students the ability to compile a medical history (outpatient card) with a record in it of the rationale for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and epicrisis. The course contains up-to-date information on the epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of parasitic infestations.
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Demian, Lisa. Invasions of personal space : a field experiment. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2803.

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Owens, James. Nineteenth century French and German interpretations of the early medieval Germanic invasions. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5236.

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McClees, Whitney. Anthropogenic Effects on the Fouling Community: Impacts of Biological Invasions and Anthropogenic Structures on Community Structure. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5771.

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Fausch, Kurt D., Bruce E. Rieman, Michael Young, and Jason B. Dunham. Strategies for conserving native salmonid populations at risk from nonnative fish invasions: tradeoffs in using barriers to upstream movement. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-174.

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Lafrancois, Toben, Mark Hove, and Jay Glase. Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) distribution in Apostle Islands National Lakeshore: SCUBA-based search and removal efforts: 2019–2020. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293376.

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Invasive zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were first observed in situ at Apostle Islands National Lakeshore (APIS) in 2015. This report builds on 2018 SCUBA surveys and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) veliger sampling to: 1) determine whether shoals on APIS borders act as sentinel sites to corroborate veliger drift hypotheses about invasion pathways, 2) evaluate ongoing hand-removal of zebra mussels from easily identified structures, and 3) continue efforts to assess native unionid mussel populations, particularly where zebra mussels are also present. Standard catch per unit effort survey methods by SCUBA teams were used to determine the distribution and relative abundance of zebra or quagga mussels (dreissenids) and native mussels (unionids). Zebra mussels were present at densities between 3 and 42 n/diver/hr (number of mussels per diver per hour), while native unionids were present at densities between 5 and 72 n/diver/hr. Shoal surveys (Eagle Island shoal, Sand Island shoal, York Island shoal, Bear Island shoal, Oak Island shoal, and Gull Island shoal) showed zebra mussels were more abundant on the west side of APIS and absent on the easternmost shoal (Gull Island), corroborating veliger work by the EPA that suggested drift from the Twin Ports of Duluth, Minnesota, and Superior, Wisconsin, is one pathway of invasion. Our results support the use of shallow shoals along the periphery of the park as sentinel sites gauging zebra mussel immigration and population dynamics. Zebra mussel densities in the central islands showed no obvious spatial pattern, and this survey cannot determine whether currents or human transport (or both) are invasion vectors. Given the mussels’ continued presence at heavily used mooring areas and docks where there are no zebra mussels on nearby natural features (e.g., Rocky Island dock, Stockton Island mooring areas), our findings are consistent with multiple invasion pathways (drift from the Twin Ports and anthropogenic sources at mooring areas). SCUBA search and removal of zebra mussels from docks was confirmed to be an effective method for significantly lowering the risk of zebra mussels reproducing and dispersing from these locations. We caution that this work is being done on what look like initial invasions at low densities. Repeated removal of zebra mussels by divers reduced numbers to zero at some sites after one year (South Twin docks, Stockton Island NPS docks, and the Ottawa wreck) or decreased numbers by an order of magnitude (Rocky Island docks). Dreissenid densities were more persistent on the Sevona wreck and longer-term work is required to evaluate removal versus recruitment (local and/or veliger drift). Given the size of the wreck, we have tracked detailed survey maps to guide future efforts. Zebra mussels were again observed attached to native mussels near Stockton Island and South Twin Island. Their continued presence on sensitive native species is of concern. Native unionid mussels were more widely distributed in the park than previously known, with new beds found near Oak and Basswood Islands. The work reported here will form the basis for continued efforts to determine the optimal frequency of zebra mussel removal for effective control, as well as evaluate impacts on native species.
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Harms, Nathan, Judy Shearer, James Cronin, and John Gaskin. Geographic and genetic variation in susceptibility of Butomus umbellatus to foliar fungal pathogens. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41662.

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Large-scale patterns of plant invasions may reflect regional heterogeneity in biotic and abiotic factors and genetic variation within and between invading populations. Having information on how effects of biotic resistance vary spatially can be especially important when implementing biological control because introduced agents may have different Impacts through interactions with host-plant genotype, local environment, or other novel enemies. We conducted a series of field surveys and laboratory studies to determine whether there was evidence of biotic resistance, as foliar fungal pathogens, in two introduced genotypes (triploid G1, diploid G4) of the Eurasian wetland weed, Butomus umbellatus L. in the USA. We tested whether genotypes differed in disease attack and whether spatial patterns in disease incidence were related to geographic location or climate for either genotype. After accounting for location (latitude, climate), G1 plants had lower disease incidence than G4 plants in the field (38% vs. 70%) but similar pathogen richness. In contrast, bioassays revealed G1 plants consistently received a higher damage score and had larger leaf lesions regardless of pathogen. These results demonstrate that two widespread B. umbellatus genotypes exhibit different susceptibility to pathogens and effectiveness of pathogen biological controls may depend on local conditions.
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Moore, William F. OVERLORD: The Unnecessary Invasion. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada177747.

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Wang, Weigang. Hypoxia in Invasion and Metastasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada485743.

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Wells, Alan, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, and Timothy Turner. Cell Motility in Tumor Invasion. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada428576.

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