Relevant bibliographies by topics / Invader impact

Academic literature on the topic 'Invader impact'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Invader impact"

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Tekiela, Daniel R., and Jacob N. Barney. "Not All Roads Lead to Rome: A Meta-analysis of Invasive Plant Impact Methodology." Invasive Plant Science and Management 10, no. 4 (December 2017): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2017.39.

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The negative effects of invasive plant species on native ecosystems, which can be large and long-lasting, are the primary justifications for their research and management. Tremendous effort is focused on quantifying the ecological impacts of invasive plants, though two different methods are primarily used: observational (compare invaded and uninvaded) and removals (compare invaded and invader removal). However, it is unknown whether these methods, which differ in their assumptions and execution, yield similar results, which could affect our ability to draw broad conclusions within and across studies. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis on 174 studies that described 547 impacts of 72 invasive plants to test the effect of study method, invader cover, and removal period on the direction and magnitude of impact. Overall, by only considering impact magnitude and not direction, both observational and removal methods yielded similar results—invasive plants are changing most aspects of the ecosystem—and the variation among species and study systems was dramatically reduced compared with traditional, directionally focused studies. This is contrary to a similar analysis that did not control for directionality of impacts, which found overall differences in impact depended on methodology. However, even when the effects of study ecosystem, invader life-form, and impact type were accounted for, significant differences occurred between removal and observational studies. Particularly vulnerable systems appear to be those that would be more greatly disturbed by the removal of the target species, such as tree species or invasive plants in riparian areas. Additionally, impact magnitude increased with invader cover and removal time. We confirm that invasive plants impact the systems they invade in a nonuniform manner; however, we suggest some study conditions may be more sensitive to study methodology. Careful consideration should be given as to which methodology is used in the context of the study system.
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Alexander, Mhairi E., Jaimie T. A. Dick, Olaf L. F. Weyl, Tamara B. Robinson, and David M. Richardson. "Existing and emerging high impact invasive species are characterized by higher functional responses than natives." Biology Letters 10, no. 2 (February 2014): 20130946. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0946.

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Predicting ecological impacts of invasive species and identifying potentially damaging future invaders are research priorities. Since damage by invaders is characterized by their depletion of resources, comparisons of the ‘functional response’ (FR; resource uptake rate as a function of resource density) of invaders and natives might predict invader impact. We tested this by comparing FRs of the ecologically damaging ‘world's worst’ invasive fish, the largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ), with a native equivalent, the Cape kurper ( Sandelia capensis ), and an emerging invader, the sharptooth catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ), with the native river goby ( Glossogobius callidus ), in South Africa, a global invasion hotspot . Using tadpoles ( Hyperolius marmoratus ) as prey, we found that the invaders consumed significantly more than natives. Attack rates at low prey densities within invader/native comparisons reflected similarities in predatory strategies; however, both invasive species displayed significantly higher Type II FRs than the native comparators. This was driven by significantly lower prey handling times by invaders, resulting in significantly higher maximum feeding rates. The higher FRs of these invaders are thus congruent with, and can predict, their impacts on native communities. Comparative FRs may be a rapid and reliable method for predicting ecological impacts of emerging and future invasive species.
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Bradley, Bethany A., Brittany B. Laginhas, Raj Whitlock, Jenica M. Allen, Amanda E. Bates, Genevieve Bernatchez, Jeffrey M. Diez, et al. "Disentangling the abundance–impact relationship for invasive species." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 20 (April 29, 2019): 9919–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1818081116.

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To predict the threat of biological invasions to native species, it is critical that we understand how increasing abundance of invasive alien species (IAS) affects native populations and communities. The form of this relationship across taxa and ecosystems is unknown, but is expected to depend strongly on the trophic position of the IAS relative to the native species. Using a global metaanalysis based on 1,258 empirical studies presented in 201 scientific publications, we assessed the shape, direction, and strength of native responses to increasing invader abundance. We also tested how native responses varied with relative trophic position and for responses at the population vs. community levels. As IAS abundance increased, native populations declined nonlinearly by 20%, on average, and community metrics declined linearly by 25%. When at higher trophic levels, invaders tended to cause a strong, nonlinear decline in native populations and communities, with the greatest impacts occurring at low invader abundance. In contrast, invaders at the same trophic level tended to cause a linear decline in native populations and communities, while invaders at lower trophic levels had no consistent impacts. At the community level, increasing invader abundance had significantly larger effects on species evenness and diversity than on species richness. Our results show that native responses to invasion depend critically on invasive species’ abundance and trophic position. Further, these general abundance–impact relationships reveal how IAS impacts are likely to develop during the invasion process and when to best manage them.
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Kurkjian, Helen M., M. Javad Akbari, and Babak Momeni. "The impact of interactions on invasion and colonization resistance in microbial communities." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): e1008643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008643.

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In human microbiota, the prevention or promotion of invasions can be crucial to human health. Invasion outcomes, in turn, are impacted by the composition of resident communities and interactions of resident members with the invader. Here we study how interactions influence invasion outcomes in microbial communities, when interactions are primarily mediated by chemicals that are released into or consumed from the environment. We use a previously developed dynamic model which explicitly includes species abundances and the concentrations of chemicals that mediate species interaction. Using this model, we assessed how species interactions impact invasion by simulating a new species being introduced into an existing resident community. We classified invasion outcomes as resistance, augmentation, displacement, or disruption depending on whether the richness of the resident community was maintained or decreased and whether the invader was maintained in the community or went extinct. We found that as the number of invaders introduced into the resident community increased, disruption rather than augmentation became more prevalent. With more facilitation of the invader by the resident community, resistance outcomes were replaced by displacement and augmentation. By contrast, with more facilitation among residents, displacement outcomes shifted to resistance. When facilitation of the resident community by the invader was eliminated, the majority of augmentation outcomes turned into displacement, while when inhibition of residents by invaders was eliminated, invasion outcomes were largely unaffected. Our results suggest that a better understanding of interactions within resident communities and between residents and invaders is crucial to predicting the success of invasions into microbial communities.
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Calizza, Edoardo, Loreto Rossi, Giulio Careddu, Simona Sporta Caputi, and Maria Letizia Costantini. "A novel approach to quantifying trophic interaction strengths and impact of invasive species in food webs." Biological Invasions 23, no. 7 (March 13, 2021): 2093–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-021-02490-y.

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AbstractMeasuring ecological and economic impacts of invasive species is necessary for managing invaded food webs. Based on abundance, biomass and diet data of autochthonous and allochthonous fish species, we proposed a novel approach to quantifying trophic interaction strengths in terms of number of individuals and biomass that each species subtract to the others in the food web. This allowed to estimate the economic loss associated to the impact of an invasive species on commercial fish stocks, as well as the resilience of invaded food webs to further perturbations. As case study, we measured the impact of the invasive bass Micropterus salmoides in two lake communities differing in food web complexity and species richness, as well as the biotic resistance of autochthonous and allochthonous fish species against the invader. Resistance to the invader was higher, while its ecological and economic impact was lower, in the more complex and species-rich food web. The percid Perca fluviatilis and the whitefish Coregonus lavaretus were the two species that most limited the invader, representing meaningful targets for conservation biological control strategies. In both food webs, the limiting effect of allochthonous species against M. salmoides was higher than the effect of autochthonous ones. Simulations predicted that the eradication of the invader would increase food web resilience, while that an increase in fish diversity would preserve resilience also at high abundances of M. salmoides. Our results support the conservation of biodiverse food webs as a way to mitigate the impact of bass invasion in lake ecosystems. Notably, the proposed approach could be applied to any habitat and animal species whenever biomass and diet data can be obtained.
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Dick, Jaimie T. A., Dirk Platvoet, and David W. Kelly. "Predatory impact of the freshwater invader Dikerogammarus villosus (Crustacea: Amphipoda)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 1078–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f02-074.

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To assess the increasing threats to aquatic ecosystems from invasive species, we need to elucidate the mechanisms of impacts of current and predicted future invaders. Dikerogammarus villosus, a Ponto–Caspian amphipod crustacean, is invading throughout Europe and predicted to invade the North American Great Lakes. European field studies show that populations of macroinvertebrates decline after D. villosus invasion. The mechanism of such impacts has not been addressed empirically; however, D. villosus is known to prey upon and replace other amphipods. Therefore, in this study, we used microcosm and mesocosm laboratory experiments, with both single and mixed prey species scenarios, to assess any predatory impact of D. villosus on a range of macroinvertebrate taxa, trophic groups, and body sizes. Dikerogammarus villosus predatory behaviour included shredding of prey and infliction of "bite" injuries on multiple victims. Dikerogammarus villosus killed significantly greater numbers of macroinvertebrates than did the native Gammarus duebeni, which is currently being replaced by D. villosus. This invader thus appears to impact on freshwater ecosystems through its exceptional predatory capabilities. We predict that future invasions by D. villosus will have serious direct and indirect effects on freshwaters, with its invasion facilitated in a larger "invasional meltdown" in regions like the North American Great Lakes.
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Amor, Daniel R., Christoph Ratzke, and Jeff Gore. "Transient invaders can induce shifts between alternative stable states of microbial communities." Science Advances 6, no. 8 (February 2020): eaay8676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay8676.

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Microbial dispersal often leads to the arrival of outsider organisms into ecosystems. When their arrival gives rise to successful invasions, outsider species establish within the resident community, which can markedly alter the ecosystem. Seemingly less influential, the potential impact of unsuccessful invaders that interact only transiently with the community has remained largely ignored. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that these transient invasions can induce a lasting transition to an alternative stable state, even when the invader species itself does not survive the transition. First, we develop a mechanistic understanding of how environmental changes caused by these transient invaders can drive a community shift in a simple, bistable model system. Beyond this, we show that transient invaders can also induce switches between stable states in more complex communities isolated from natural soil samples. Our results demonstrate that short-term interactions with an invader species can induce lasting shifts in community composition and function.
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Sofaer, Helen R., Catherine S. Jarnevich, and Ian S. Pearse. "The relationship between invader abundance and impact." Ecosphere 9, no. 9 (September 2018): e02415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2415.

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MacNeil, Calum, and Jaimie T. A. Dick. "The enemy of my enemy is my friend: intraguild predation between invaders and natives facilitates coexistence with shared invasive prey." Biology Letters 10, no. 8 (August 2014): 20140398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0398.

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Understanding and predicting the outcomes of biological invasions is challenging where multiple invader and native species interact. We hypothesize that antagonistic interactions between invaders and natives could divert their impact on subsequent invasive species, thus facilitating coexistence. From field data, we found that, when existing together in freshwater sites, the native amphipod Gammarus duebeni celticus and a previous invader G. pulex appear to facilitate the establishment of a second invader, their shared prey Crangonyx pseudogracilis. Indeed, the latter species was rarely found at sites where each Gammarus species was present on its own. Experiments indicated that this may be the result of G. d. celticus and G. pulex engaging in more intraguild predation (IGP) than cannibalism; when the ‘enemy’ of either Gammarus species was present, that is, the other Gammarus species, C. pseudogracilis significantly more often escaped predation. Thus, the presence of mutual enemies and the stronger inter- than intraspecific interactions they engage in can facilitate other invaders. With some invasive species such as C. pseudogracilis having no known detrimental effects on native species, and indeed having some positive ecological effects, we also conclude that some invasions could promote biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
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Lear, Luke, Elze Hesse, Katriona Shea, and Angus Buckling. "Disentangling the mechanisms underpinning disturbance-mediated invasion." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1919 (January 29, 2020): 20192415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2415.

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Disturbances can play a major role in biological invasions: by destroying biomass, they alter habitat and resource abundances. Previous field studies suggest that disturbance-mediated invader success is a consequence of resource influxes, but the importance of other potential covarying causes, notably the opening up of habitats, have yet to be directly tested. Using experimental populations of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens , we determined the relative importance of disturbance-mediated habitat opening and resource influxes, plus any interaction between them, for invader success of two ecologically distinct morphotypes. Resource addition increased invasibility, while habitat opening had little impact and did not interact with resource addition. Both invaders behaved similarly, despite occupying different ecological niches in the microcosms. Treatment also affected the composition of the resident population, which further affected invader success. Our results provide experimental support for the observation that resource input is a key mechanism through which disturbance increases invasibility.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Invader impact"

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Srean, Pao. "Understanding the ecological success of two worldwide fish invaders (Gambusia holbrooki and Gambusia affinis)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/295975.

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This thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the invasive success of two invasive fishes (Gambusia affinis and G. holbrooki). We reviewed four Internet databases and the literature to clarify their introduction history and geographical distribution, establish their introduction routes, and analyse predictors of their invasive success. A meta-analysis of the ecological impacts of mosquitofishes shows that the overall impact is: i) similar for the two species; ii) clear and strong for fish, macroinvertebrates, amphibians, and some zooplanktonic groups and more variable for taxa at lower trophic levels and for ecosystem features; iii) general for the number of aggressive acts received and decreases in density and biomass but more variable for other response variables; and iv) highly heterogeneous and context-dependent on a number of features. We estimated the mean critical swimming speed (Ucrit) of G. holbrooki as 14.11 cm s-1, which is lower than for many other fish of similar size and confirms that this species is limnophilic and its invasive success might be partially explained by hydrologic alteration. However, we demonstrate that Ucrit and maximal metabolic rate vary markedly with fish size and sex, with males having much higher values for the same weight, and thus probably being more resistant to strong water flows.
Aquesta tesi té com a objectiu contribuir a millorar la comprensió de l'èxit invasor d'aquests dos peixos (Gambusia affinis and G. holbrooki). Es van revisar quatre bases de dades d'Internet i la bibliografia per aclarir la seva història d’introducció i distribució geogràfica, establir les rutes d'introducció i analitzar els predictors del seu èxit invasor. Una meta-anàlisi de l'impactes ecològics de les gambúsies mostra principalment que l'impacte global és: i) similar per a les dues espècies; ii) clar i fort per a peixos, macroinvertebrats, amfibis, i alguns grups de zooplàncton i més variable per als tàxons de nivells tròfics més baixos i a nivell d’ecosistema; iii) general per al nombre d'agressions rebudes i la disminució de la densitat i la biomassa, però més variable per altres variables; i iv) altament heterogeni i dependent del context per una sèrie de característiques. Hem estimat la velocitat crítica de natació mitjana (Ucrit) de G. holbrooki com 14.11 cm s-1, que és inferior a la de molts altres peixos de mida similar i confirma que aquesta espècie és limnòfila i el seu èxit invasor parcialment s'explica per l'alteració hidrològica. No obstant això, vam demostrar que Ucrit i la taxa metabòlica màxima varien notablement amb la mida i el sexe dels peixos, amb valors molt més alts als mascles que a femelles del mateix pes, els quals deuen ser per tant menys vulnerables a cabals forts.
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Asef, Tania S. "Associating genetically diverse tamarisk invaders with their impacts in a salt marsh ecosystem." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1522618.

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Invasive tamarisk has many impacts in freshwater systems including increasing soil salinity, decreasing water content, and causing a shift in food web structure. Tamarisk species originally introduced to the US have hybridized and have been documented invading salt marsh systems in San Diego County, California. The main goals of this study were to determine the impacts of tamarisk within a salt marsh and among genetic types of tamarisk. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism was used to determine genetic identity of each individual salt-marsh invading tamarisk. Abiotic impacts depended on microhabitat, as did tamarisk tree morphology, and infauna community composition. Tamarisk altered abiotic factors in the upland and upstream microhabitats and altered infauna community composition in the marsh microhabitat. 17.8% of trees were hybrids of T. ramosissima x T. chinensis. The remainder were pure T. chinensis. Tamarisk genetic identity did not influence abiotic factors, although invertebrate diversity was lower beneath pure T. chinensis than the hybrid. The tamarisk invasion was not an in-situ hybridization and had the most pervasive impact on the infauna in the marsh microhabitat.

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Taylor, Nigel Gareth. "Why are invaders invasive? : development of tools to understand the success and impact of invasive species." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15633/.

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Biological invasions are a major facet of anthropogenic global change, with severe negative environmental and socioecological impacts. Effective and efficient management of biological invasions requires a mechanistic understanding of the factors driving invasion success and impact. I investigate three factors likely to have broad relevance in explaining success and impact of alien invaders: resource use, behaviour and propagule pressure. Alien decapod and amphipod crustaceans may have different patterns of trophic resource use to native analogues. Through quantification of functional responses and food ‘choice’, I highlight an exceptionally large predatory impact of alien Eriocheir sinensis on invertebrate prey, relative to both native and alien crayfish. Through similar methods, I suggest the larger size of alien Dikerogammarus villosus relative to native Gammarus pulex could facilitate higher predatory impacts on fish eggs and larvae. I quantify personality traits (boldness, exploration, activity, sociability and voracity) of invasive and native decapod crustaceans in the laboratory. Invasive E. sinensis and Pacifastacus leniusculus were bolder than European Austropotamobius pallipes. Boldness may a common trait of successful, high-impact invaders. I provide the first evidence of personality (consistent within-individual behaviours) in these decapods, but find no evidence that it drives dispersal in signal crayfish. Comparisons of core and invasion-front populations of P. leniusculus suggest its spread is driven by density rather than behaviour. Using experimental invasions of ciliate protists into laboratory microcosms, I provide quantitative data to show how propagule pressure – the number of introduced organisms and introduction events – can increase invasion success (rate and population density) and invader impact. In general, resource use, behaviour and propagule pressure all have potential to predict the identity, impact and dynamics of successful invaders and thus inform management strategies. Having measured metabolism alongside these other factors, I propose that metabolic rate could provide another readily-measurable, general predictor of invasion success and impact.
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Jackson, Michelle C. "Waves of invaders : interactions among invasive species and their impacts on ecosystem structure and functioning." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/27043.

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Many freshwater ecosystems sustain several invasive species. Here I examine multiple invasions in two highly invaded and well catalogued catchments; Lake Naivasha, Kenya and River Thames, England. New metrics, derived from stable isotope analysis, are used to provide measures of trophic diversity and to examine dietary interactions among species. I test the hypothesis that functionally similar sympatric species will occupy a smaller niche than their allopatric counterparts. Additionally, I quantify the impact of multiple invasive species on ecosystem structure and functioning in order to address the question; do interactions among species amplify or mitigate one another's impact? In Lake Naivasha, the stable isotope metrics revealed serial replacement of invasive species due to dietary interactions. Invasive red swamp crayfish were eventually excluded from the lake due to niche restriction in the presence of a more recent invader, the common carp. Now, the crayfish have migrated into the catchment where they overlap with a species of native river crab. Here, I found a novel mechanism of invasion, whereby the crayfish restricted their niche at the invasion front in order to reduce competition with crabs. Crayfish also caused significant changes in invertebrate community structure and increased decomposition rates, which indirectly resulted in displacement of the crabs. In the Thames catchment, I catalogue the non-indigenous species and show how invasion rates have increased significantly since 1800 due to globalisation. Using the four species of invasive crayfish present (red swamp, signal, Turkish and virile), I demonstrate their extensive diet plasticity using novel measures of niche width and individual specialisation based on stable isotope data. Interactions among the crayfish were examined and this revealed that each species has varying and independent impacts on invertebrate community structure, algal standing stock and decomposition rates. Hence, interactions among invaders are not expected to amplify or mitigate one another's impact and instead, the combined impact will be the sum of their allopatric impacts.
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Miniutti, Danielle. "Assessing Impacts of the Aquatic Invaders in Maine (AIM) Workshop on Inquiry Pedagogy and Student Learning." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MiniuttiD2009.pdf.

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Heuss, Molly. "Evaluating The Impacts Of Southern Pine Beetle On Pitch Pine Forest Dynamics In A Newly Invaded Region." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/828.

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Southern pine beetle (SPB; Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman), a native insect that has historically affected pine ecosystems in the southeastern U.S., has recently expanded northward causing extensive tree mortality in pitch pine (Pinus rigida) and pitch pine-oak (Quercus spp.) forests across much of eastern Long Island, NY. Given the historic lack of SPB within these fire-dependent ecosystems, little is known regarding its impacts to forest composition, forest structure, or fuel loading. This study examined the short-term effects of SPB-induced tree mortality on the structure, composition, and fuel loading of pitch pine and pitch pine-oak communities to inform management recommendations and projections of future forest conditions and fire hazard. Overstory pine basal area declined following SPB infestation and infestation suppression management, particularly in pitch pine forests. These treatments did not impact the density or composition of seedlings and saplings, with hardwood species, including scarlet oak (Quercus coccinea), scrub oak (Quercus ilicifolia), and black gum (Nyssa sylvatica), making up the majority of species in this layer and pine representing <6% of stems. Likelihood of herbivory was influenced partly by species, with pitch pine less likely to be browsed than white oak and scarlet oak. SPB infestation significantly increased the snag component of both forest types, which largely became downed coarse woody debris (CWD) following suppression management. Treatments did not significantly influence understory species assemblages. Understory communities in pitch pine stands were characterized by Vaccinium angustifolium prior to SPB or suppression management, with these disturbances leading to an increase in the diversity of understory communities. In contrast, infestation decreased variation in understory species assemblages in pine-oak forests and encouraged regeneration of pitch pine and scarlet oak, while suppression increased diversity largely through increases in disturbance-adapted species, such as Smilax rotundifolia. SPB infestation decreased the biomass of live fuels and subsequently increased loading of dead fuels in both forest cover types. Suppression management felled preexisting and SPB-generated snags, especially in pitch pine forests, transforming vertical fuels into horizontal CWD. Collectively, results indicate SPB could functionally eliminate pitch pine without additional management intervention to maintain this species. Suppression efforts to reduce SPB impacts may accelerate succession towards hardwood dominance, particularly in pine-oak stand, leading to dramatic shifts in forest conditions across the Long Island Pine Barrens. SPB and suppression management significantly increase dead fuel loading and felling of snags during suppression served to decrease the density of ladder fuels effectively decreasing the risk of crowning. However, heavy CWD loading may also promote volatile fire behavior. Therefore, forest managers must weigh the expected potential impacts of SPB relative to changes to fuel structure and composition generated by suppression management activities. Our results demonstrate short-term effects of SPB and suppression management. Given the limited experience with SPB in these forests and the results of this study, further research on fire behavior effects and patterns of stand development over the long-term are needed.
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Turner, Peter J. "The impacts of the environmental weed Asparagus Asparagoides and the ecological barriers to restoring invaded sites following biological control." University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0136.

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[Truncated abstract] Weeds which invade native communities can have major impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem processes. However, these impacts are rarely quantified, and the mechanisms behind these impacts are rarely investigated. Asparagus asparagoides (L.) Druce (Asparagaceae; common name: bridal creeper), a plant native to southern Africa, is a significant environmental weed in southern Australia. Bridal creeper can invade both disturbed and undisturbed native ecosystems and then dominate native communities. As is the case for many environmental weeds, there has been little work conducted on the impacts of this plant. This lack of knowledge has hampered restoration efforts of invaded areas because very little is known about the potential for invaded communities to recover prior to undertaking weed management. There is a need to improve our understanding of how to manage ecosystem recovery during and after weed control. This can be achieved by (i) determining the impacts caused by the weed; (ii) assessing the condition of invaded communities; and (iii) predicting the impacts that weed management itself will have on the native communities. These three prerequisites to environmental weed control have been determined across sites invaded by bridal creeper in southern Australia. The impacts of this invasive geophyte have been determined through multi-site comparisons, weed removal experiments and controlled glasshouse and laboratory experiments. ... Without additional restoration, we will see those species that readily germinate and those that respond positively to increased soil fertility, replacing bridal creeper after control. This will be dominated by other weeds as the invaded sites have large exotic seed banks that will readily germinate. The tuberous mats of older bridal creeper plants will also leave a legacy as they will remain many years after control and still impact on vegetation, even if control has killed the plant. These impacts will be highest at sites where bridal creeper has dominated over the longer term. Environmental weeds, such as bridal creeper, that are capable of altering ecosystem functions can lead to substantial declines in biodiversity. Therefore, it was fortunate that bridal creeper became a target for biocontrol in Australia even though the impacts of the weed were not quantified when this decision was made. There are areas in southern Australia that are still free of bridal creeper or have sparse populations, and it is highly likely that this biological control programme has lead to the protection of these areas. This protection would not have been possible if other control measures were chosen over biological control, given that biocontrol agents can self-disperse and are able to give continuous control. This means that biological control of weeds in conservation areas can be very effective and is the only economically viable option for the control of widespread environmental weeds such as bridal creeper.
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Mason, Tanya J. "Impacts of plant invaders and management techniques on native communities ecological and social perspectives at regional and global levels /." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20070313.162425/index.html.

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Oliveira, Diogo Nunes de. "Impacto ecológico, comportamental e fisiológico da bioinvasão sobre populações nativas o caso do siri invasor Charybdis hellerii /." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138093.

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Orientador: Rodrigo Egydio Barreto
Resumo: Processos ecológicos como competição e predação tem o potencial de regular populações, influenciando no funcionamento do ecossistema por intermédio da partição de recursos e perda de espécies. A adição de espécies exóticas em teias tróficas podem alterar esses processos ecológicos e provocar efeitos em cascata. Em um estudo pioneiro, avaliamos por uma perspectiva multidisciplinar, os impactos da introdução de uma espécie de siri asiática na costa oeste do Atlântico. Para isso, aspectos populacionais, ecológicos, fisiológicos e comportamentais foram avaliados em ambiente natural e através de experimentação em laboratório. Nossos resultados revelaram que a espécie de siri invasora Charybdis hellerii está estabelecida na litoral do estado de São Paulo, é um competidor vigoroso, disputando recursos com seis espécies de decápodes nativos, e um predador eficiente, de hábito onívoro, que pode elevar a pressão predatória sobre quatro grupos de presas, três consideradas ‘engenheiros do ecossistema’. As análises comportamental e fisiológica revelaram ainda que a espécie invasora e a nativa Cronius ruber são mais ativas, realizam mais interações comportamentais intra e interespecífica, tendem a dominar a região do entremarés inferior em costões rochosos e que ambas disputam diretamente as mesmas tocas e os mesmos alimentos quando estão no mesmo ambiente. Dessa forma, o aumento populacional da espécie invasora pode elevar a pressão competitiva sobre C. ruber, aumentando também a chance d... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Ecological processes, such as predation and competition, have the potential to regulate populations, influencing the functioning of the ecosystem through resources partition and loss of species. The addition of alien species into food webs may change these ecological processes and cause cascading effects. In a pioneering study, the impact of the introduction of a species of Asian crab on the Atlantic west coast was evaluated by a multidisciplinary perspective. For this, population, ecological, physiological, and behavioral aspects were evaluated in natural environment and in laboratory experimentation. The results revealed that the species of invasive crab Charybdis hellerii is established on the coast of São Paulo State. This species is a vigorous competitor, competing for resources with six decapod native species, and an efficient predator with omnivorous habit, which can raise the predatory pressure on four prey groups, three of them considered 'ecosystem engineers'. Behavioral and physiological analysis also showed that invasive species and native Cronius ruber are more active, performing more intra and interspecific behavioral interactions. These species tend to dominate the region of the lower intertidal on rocky shores and both compete directly for the same burrow and food when they are in the same environment. Thus, the population growth of invasive species may increase the competitive pressure on C. ruber, also increasing the risk of competitive exclusion. If this ex... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Hohenadler, Michael Andreas Alfred [Verfasser], and Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Sures. "The impact of Ponto Caspian invaders on the parasite communities of multiple hosts within West and Central European river systems / Michael Andreas Alfred12 Hohenadler ; Betreuer: Bernd Sures." Duisburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202011136/34.

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Books on the topic "Invader impact"

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Traveset, Anna, and David M. Richardson, eds. Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0000.

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Abstract This book contains 23 chapters divided into seven parts. Part I reviews the key hypotheses in invasion ecology that invoke biotic interactions to explain aspects of plant invasion dynamics; and reviews models, theories and hypotheses on how invasion performance and impact of introduced species in recipient ecosystems can be conjectured according to biotic interactions between native and non-native species. Part II deals with positive and negative interactions in the soil. Part III discusses mutualistic interactions that promote plant invasions. Part IV describes antagonistic interactions that hinder plant invasions, while part V presents the consequences of plant invasions for biotic interactions among native species. In part VI, novel techniques and experimental approaches in the study of plant invasions are shown. In the last part, biotic interactions and the management of ecosystems invaded by non-native plants are discussed.
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Chesapeake Invader. Princeton University Press, 1999.

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Poag, C. Wylie. Chesapeake Invader: Discovering America's Giant Meteorite Crater. Princeton University Press, 2017.

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Poag, C. Wylie. Chesapeake Invader: Discovering America's Giant Meteorite Crater. Princeton University Press, 2017.

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Poag, C. Wylie. Chesapeake Invader: Discovering America's Giant Meteorite Crater. Princeton University Press, 2017.

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Thomas, Feltes, and Hofmann Robin. Part I General Questions, 3 Transnational Organised Crime and its Impacts on States and Societies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198733737.003.0003.

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Transnational organised crime (TOC) impacts states and societies on different levels. It can have devastating effects on the state, the rule of law, and the economy in countries. It is a great challenge for criminological research to measure those impacts and give a precise account of the consequences societies face when infiltrated by TOC. Depending on legal, institutional, and socio-economic conditions in states and societies, these impacts may vary in their effect. Where governments and state institutions are weak and the civil society poor, TOC seemingly flourishes. Nevertheless, the conditions for this flourishing of TOC are much more complex than the simple link between weak states, poverty, and TOC might suggest. To achieve a more complete and clearer picture of TOC and its impact on societies, it is important to consider it as an integral part of society, not an external invader. Therefore, TOC is strongly linked to societal developments in recent years, particularly with globalization.
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Murray, Declan. Biological Invaders: The Impact of Exotic Species. Royal Irish Academy, 2002.

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Hollingsworth, Karen R. Invaders of the Great Lakes: Invasive Species and Their Impact on You. Adventure Publications, 2017.

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Wilsey, Brian J. Response of Grasslands to Global Change. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198744511.003.0007.

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Global change factors are ecologically-relevant variables that are changing, and that have global impacts. In grasslands, changes in the atmosphere, biological invasions, N deposition, and land-use change are global change factors. Photosynthesis increases under elevated CO2 and C3 plant species respond more strongly than C4 species to CO2 enrichment. Leaf N contents are typically lower under elevated CO2, especially in C3 species, and this is expected to have a negative effect on large grazing mammals. Temperature increases are expected to have significant effects on phenology. Most grasslands are being impacted by biological invasions to various degrees. Communities dominated by exotics are considered to be “novel systems” because they contain species from a variety of regions that do not have an evolutionary history of interaction. Among the most noxious grassland invaders is the red imported fire ant Solonopsis invicta, which lowers ant diversity and negatively affects prey species.
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Paliwal, Avinash. Leaning Tower of Delhi. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190685829.003.0004.

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Moscow’s decision to militarily invade Afghanistan in December 1979, without consulting with New Delhi, shocked India. But even more worrisome was the impact of a haphazard Soviet withdrawal. This chapter explains how India managed these events at global, regional, and domestic levels. Ranging from Indira Gandhi’s strategic balancing act between Pakistan and US on one hand and Moscow on the other, this chapter also throws light on Rajiv Gandhi’s diplomacy on the Afghan question with US president Ronald Reagan and USSR premier Mikhail Gorbachev from 1985-89. India had begun to open up — covertly — to various Mujahideen factions behind the back of its stalwart Afghan ally, president Najibullah.
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Book chapters on the topic "Invader impact"

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Kuebbing, Sara E. "How direct and indirect non-native interactions can promote plant invasions, lead to invasional meltdown and inform management decisions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 153–76. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0153.

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Abstract In 1999, Daniel Simberloff and Betsy Von Holle introduced the term 'invasional meltdown'. The term and the concept have been embraced and critiqued but have taken a firm hold within the invasion biology canon. The original formulation of the concept argued two key points: first, biologists rarely study how non-natives interact with one another. Second, nearly all the conceptual models about the success and impact of invasive species are predicated on the importance of competitive interactions and an implicit assumption that non-natives should interfere with establishment, spread and impact of other non-natives. In response, Simberloff and Von Holle called for more research on invader interactions and proposed an alternative consequence of non-native species interactions - invasional meltdown - where facilitative interactions among non-natives could increase the invasion rate or ecological impacts in invaded systems. This chapter outlines the primary pathways in which direct and indirect interactions among non-natives could lead to invasional meltdown. It provides examples of how different types of interactions among non-natives could lead to net positive effects on the invasion success of non-native plants or the impact of non-native plants on invaded ecosystems. Direct effects are by far the most commonly explored form of non-native- non- native interaction, primarily focusing on plant mutualisms with pollinators, seed dispersers or soil microbial mutualists. There are, however, also examples of non-native plants that benefit from commensal and even herbivorous interactions with other non-natives. Indirect interactions among non-natives are very infrequently studied. Although examples are scarce, non-natives may indirectly benefit other non-native plants through trophic cascades, apparent competition and indirect mutualisms. It remains unclear whether indirect effects are important pathways to invasional meltdown. More work is needed on studying ecosystems that are invaded by multiple non-native species and we need to consider the full range of interactions among non-natives that could either stymie or promote their spread, population growth and impact. Only then can we address how common facilitative interactions are relative to competitive interactions among non-natives or provide robust suggestions on how to manage ecosystems.
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Kotanen, Peter M. "Direct and indirect effects of herbivores influencing plant invasions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 226–40. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0226.

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Abstract Non-native plants rarely escape damage by herbivores. Instead, upon arrival in a new region, they begin to acquire new enemies, replacing those they have lost during their migration. These herbivores can include both natives to the new region and species that have themselves been accidentally or deliberately introduced from elsewhere, potentially including examples originating from the invader's original range. Shifts of new enemies from other hosts can occur over a range of timescales, depending in part on whether evolutionary change is required, but are likely to be faster for plants that are widespread and phylogenetically related to a herbivore's original host, and faster for generalist herbivores than for specialists. The occurrence of herbivores is not necessarily uniform across an invader's range; instead, they may be less diverse or abundant in host populations that are geographically or ecologically marginal, though existing evidence is mixed. Collectively, these new suites of herbivores can affect the growth and fitness of invaders, both directly by damaging them and indirectly by attacking their competitors. Studies comparing the demographic consequences of herbivory for successful vs unsuccessful invaders may help to clarify how often such impacts limit invasiveness. The view that an invader enters 'enemy-free' space is inaccurate; instead, persistence and spread of non-native plants often may be affected by the novel and changing assemblage of herbivores that they acquire within their new distribution.
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Barachini, Franz, and Christian Stary. "Emotional Modeling with Spatial Games." In From Digital Twins to Digital Selves and Beyond, 51–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96412-2_7.

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AbstractWe describe the relationship between social norms and emotions and the role of jealousy in socioeconomic conflicts. We capture the different types of jealousy exemplifying socio-emotional behavior. A short overview of state-of-the-art modeling is presented to capture the social environment of actors or agents. The methodology for a deterministic approach for modeling jealousy is presented. In the deterministic spatial game, we investigate the conditions for a single defector to invade a population of cooperators. We investigate the impact on defectors when invaded by cooperators. Finally, we present our findings from respective experiments.
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Smith-Ramesh, Lauren M. "Allelopathic disruptions of biotic interactions due to non-native plants." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 270–80. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0270.

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Abstract Allelopathy, or the process by which plants influence the growth and performance of their neighbours through the release of chemicals, may play a key role in mediating the impacts of non-native invasive species on their neighbours. The Novel Weapons Hypothesis purports that non-native invasive species are in part successful because they produce harmful allelochemicals to which resident species are particularly susceptible because residents lack a shared evolutionary history with the invader. While allelopathic non-native invaders may reduce the growth and performance of neighbours through direct phytotoxicity, they may more often exert negative impacts through disruption of biotic interactions among resident species. Allelopathy by non-native plants may disrupt mutualisms between resident plants and microbes, plant-herbivore interactions or existing competitive and facilitative interactions among resident plants. For example, several non-native plants are known to disrupt the mutualism between resident plants and mycorrhizal fungi, reducing resident plant fitness to the benefit of the invader. Allelopathic non-natives may also disrupt interactions among resident plants and their herbivores when allelochemicals also influence herbivore behaviour or fitness. Alternatively, biotic interactions can also be protective for resident species, which may be less susceptible to the impacts of non-native species when their mutualisms are intact. As we advance our understanding of allelopathy and its role in mediating the impacts of invasive plant species, we may gain new insights by viewing invasions within a network context rather than focusing on pairwise interactions.
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Aladin, Nikolai V., Igor S. Plotnikov, and Andrei A. Filippov. "Invaders in the Caspian Sea." In Invasive Aquatic Species of Europe. Distribution, Impacts and Management, 351–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9956-6_36.

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Gaertner, Mirijam, David C. Le Maitre, and Karen J. Esler. "Alterations of Disturbance Regimes by Plant and Animal Invaders." In Impact of Biological Invasions on Ecosystem Services, 249–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45121-3_16.

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Dickenson, Jackie. "Bold Invaders: The Impact of the Women’s Movement." In Australian Women in Advertising in the Twentieth Century, 119–31. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137514349_10.

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Padilla, Dianna K., Michael J. McCann, and Sandra E. Shumway. "Marine Invaders and Bivalve Aquaculture: Sources, Impacts, and Consequences." In Shellfish Aquaculture and the Environment, 395–424. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470960967.ch14.

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Germino, Matthew J., Jayne Belnap, John M. Stark, Edith B. Allen, and Benjamin M. Rau. "Ecosystem Impacts of Exotic Annual Invaders in the Genus Bromus." In Springer Series on Environmental Management, 61–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_3.

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Oswalt, Sonja, Chris Oswalt, Alycia Crall, Robert Rabaglia, Michael K. Schwartz, and Becky K. Kerns. "Inventory and Monitoring of Invasive Species." In Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States, 231–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_10.

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AbstractInventory and monitoring programs and high-quality distribution data are needed to manage invasive species and to develop quantitative ecological, economic, and social impact assessments. Strong inventory and monitoring programs provide valuable insights that help direct efforts to prevent and contain invasive species. Understanding where to focus management efforts, in addition to educational outreach, is key to developing economically efficient and ecologically relevant programs. As noted in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_2, additional research is needed to address large-scale impacts and co-occurring impacts of multiple invaders. Inventory and monitoring efforts help to inform where this research can be most effectively applied by identifying areas where invasives are most abundant, most likely to spread, or most likely to be contained (Byers et al. 2002; Myers et al. 2000). Furthermore, as climate change continues to pose new and uncertain impacts on ecosystems, monitoring at the edge of invasive species’ ranges will become more important to management efforts (Hellmann et al. 2008).
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Conference papers on the topic "Invader impact"

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Шумилина, Вера, Vera Shumilina, Ирина Реунова, and Irina Reunova. "READY IN RUSSIA AND SECURITY OF THE ORGANIZATION." In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c50616565ec70.73020189.

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The article analyzes the factors of development of the institution of raiding in the Russian Federation. The average annual number of raider attacks is given, and their impact on the economic activity of the country is analyzed. Also considered were signs of a raider seizure, their characteristics, information providing interest for the “invader”, types of raiding, the actual dynamics of business profitability for seizing enterprises in Russia, and recommendations for protection against raider seizures were identified.
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Beggs, Jacqueline Rae. "Ecological impacts of insect invaders." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.116888.

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Atherton, Megan A., Marci L. Nilsen, and Nicole N. Scheff. "Abstract PO-050: Peripheral neurons invade oral squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment and drive tumorigenesis." In Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference on Tumor Heterogeneity: From Single Cells to Clinical Impact; September 17-18, 2020. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.tumhet2020-po-050.

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Renčo, Marek, Andrea Čerevková, and Nicola Sasanelli. "Effects of invasive japanese knotweed on diversity and structure of soil nematode communities." In Xth International Conference of Zoologists. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/icz10.2021.43.

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In this study we investigated the communities of soil nematodes in the forest habitats invaded and uninvaded by Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr., in Tatra National Park, Slovakia. We found that invasion by F. japonica altered nematode communities and their structures. Total nematode abundance, species number and nematode biomass were significantly lower in invaded than uninvaded plots, but species diversity remained unaffected throughout the study. The overall abundance of all nematode trophic groups well represented the negative impact of F. japonica invasion on soil food webs, supported by low values of all maturity indices, a structural index and the Jaccard index of faunal similarity. A weighted faunal analysis similarly characterized the food webs of invaded plots as poorly developed or highly disturbed, with bacterial decomposition and a low C/N ratio. Our findings thus suggest that dense plots of knotweed simplify the structural complexity of the soil environment by reducing the richness of plant species, which may have contributed to the negative changes in the structures of the nematode communities.
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Mock, Valerie E., and Rafael Ciloci. "Sustainable leadership in times of crisis- a case of leading one’s nation during the Ukrainian war." In 4th Economic International Conference "Competitiveness and Sustainable Development". Technical University of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/csd2022.02.

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This paper analyzes a unique leader during unique times to determine the applicability of the Cambridge Sustainability Leadership Model of a public servant during wartime in a neighboring country with significant in-country impact. Specifically, public information sources concerning the President of the Republic of Moldova, Maia Sandu, from when she was installed as President on 24 December 2020 until 30 September 2022 have been selected to illustrate the various components of the model, especially since 24 February 2022 when Russia invaded Ukraine. The authors elaborate on the context, both external and internal, in which she governs and guides this developing nation; her leadership traits, styles, skills, and knowledge; and the internal and externals actions she has taken. Conclusions regarding how well the Cambridge Model fits this leadership case and suggestions for further research are also made.
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Iurcu-Straistaru, Elena, Nicola Sasanelli, Ion Toderas, Alexei Bivol, Vasile Maticiuc, Stefan Rusu, and Cristina Andoni. "Investigations on invasive nematodes associated with complex insect pests from soil in corn in the environmental conditions of the Republic of Moldova." In Xth International Conference of Zoologists. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/icz10.2021.36.

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Corn is one of the major technical field crops in the Republic of Moldova, advantageous in bioecological and productive aspects, which is invaded annually by the harmful organisms with considerable parasitic impact. The phytosanitary control results, carried out annually and seasonally, comparatively in the corn plantations, notice a significant diversity of the specific diseases and of the invasive insects that seriously affect the plants from the germination phases until the harvest. In corn, were established the numerical density values (D. n.), comparative in different ecological areas, on average 15-280 (ex. /100 g soil), with an abundance by 5-25% higher in the autumn than in the spring. Phytoparasitic impact indices the frequency (F %) and intensity (I %) of the phytohelminthological disease level was estimated, being more advanced by 3-30% in the spring-summer period, observed differently depending on the area compared to the autumn period. The structure of parasitic phytonematode complexes was determined counting 20 species, included in 8 families and one order (Tylenchida), classified according to trophic specialization, with the predominance of endo-ectoparasites. It was established the diversity of the associated invasive insect species from the soil: 12 species, 8 families, 3 orders, also, with invasive ectoparasitic impact on corn plants, with the disease degree of 5-40%, detected in all phases of vegetation and sectors investigated.
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Lv, Xingbing, Shuangyang Liu, Hongyang Zhang, and Run Lin. "Margin Analysis of Conventional Island Under Beyond Design Basis External Flooding Scenario for NPP." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-92151.

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Abstract Since the external flooding caused by the earthquake and tsunami at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan, the waterproofing ability of the nuclear power plants, in operation or under construction, has attracted widespread attention from nuclear safety authorities and the public all over the world. While less attention was paid to the conventional island area. The failure of systems and components arranged in the conventional island may lead to the turbine out of the normal operation and impact the operation reliability of the unit, which would influence the generating capacity and availability of the power plant. In this paper, it is selected the combination of “design basis flood (DBF) with the rainfall of a frequency of 10-3/yr” as the analyzed scenario. According to the site characteristics, the variation of external flooding depth on the site over time was calculated under this scenario, the path of external flooding was determined, and the amount of the flooding water, the conventional island ultimately invaded, was calculated. For the availability of the power plant, the corresponding improvement measures were put forward to improve the waterproofing capacity of the plant, which can be a significant reference to the nuclear power plants in our country.
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Magalhaes, Letícia Fernanda de, Naimi De Souza França Barroso, Paula Daniele Batista, Romildo Mingardo Neto, and Sissy Mariela Salazar Ibieta. "IMPACTOS E MECANISMOS DE COMPROMETIMENTO DA COVID-19 NO SISTEMA NERVOSO." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Saúde On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1442.

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Introdução: A COVID-19 é uma doença causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, apresentando os primeiros casos em Dezembro de 2019 na China, disseminando-se por todo o mundo. O vírus pode ocasionar diversas síndromes, incluindo a síndrome respiratória aguda. Porém, a infecção não se restringe apenas aos órgãos do sistema respiratório, podendo acarretar consequências neurológicas por meio da via bulbo olfatória e neuronal, por exemplo, tendo em vista sua afinidade por células neuronais. Objetivos: Estabelecer uma relação entre os mecanismos de invasão pelo SARS-CoV-2 com o sistema nervoso e suas complicações. Metodologia: O presente estudo é uma pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada nas principais ferramentas online de busca de artigos científicos em português, como: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo) e PubMed, no intervalo de 2020 a 2021. Resultados: A infecção por SARS-CoV-2 via bulbo olfatória ocorre pela entrada na mucosa da cavidade nasal e chega até ao encéfalo, atravessando a barreira hematoencefálica. Esse microrganismo invade a célula por meio da sua afinidade com o receptor da enzima conversora de angiotensina II, expressa na superfície dos neurônios, acarretando no tropismo do vírus pelos neurônios, sendo isto demonstrado através do estudo de cadáveres que tem a presença do SARS-CoV-2 dentro das células neuronais. Outrossim, o neurônio quando afetado e misturado com os ácidos nucleicos da célula neuronal, ocasiona uma inflamação, na qual o sistema imune irá tentar combater, mas acaba combatendo o próprio neurônio, acarretando em uma doença autoimune. Conclusão: Considerando o baixo índice de estudos publicados, que associam a COVID-19 à consequências neurológicas, torna-se difícil afirmar com precisão os mecanismos exatos de comprometimento do tecido nervoso. No entanto, acredita-se que há a relação causal de comprometimento neuronal, e que o agente infeccioso, tem a capacidade de causar acometimentos a longo prazo por meio de lesão neuronal, que poderá ser melhor confirmada por meio de futuros estudos.
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Brazil, Sthefany dos Santos, Nathanael Nascimento Dos Santos, Marcos Antonio Ferreira, Beatriz Gonçalves Guimarães, and Morgana Sousa Da Cunha. "O IMPACTO DAS ALERGIAS RESPIRATÓRIAS EM PESSOAS ACOMETIDAS POR COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Doenças Infectocontagiosas On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/2193.

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Introdução: A alergia é uma reação de defesa do organismo a algum invasor ou corpo estranho, desencadeando uma cascata de ações fisiológicas para preservar a saúde, dentre as ações tem-se a produção de substâncias inflamatórias. Os dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) mostram que cerca de 30% da população mundial é acometida por alergias respiratórias como: bronquite, rinite e asma alérgica. Essas reações alérgicas afetam especialmente o sistema respiratório, o que no cenário atual é preocupante, pois o paciente pode apresentar sintomas em comum com a COVID-19, doença responsável pela pandemia vivida no presente momento, o ponto em comum entre as alergias e a COVID-19 é o comprometimento do mesmo sistema, induzindo o questionamento a respeito de uma possível relação entre eles. Objetivos: Destacar o impacto das alergias respiratórias em pessoas acometidas por COVID-19. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo por meio de uma pesquisa na Base de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) em agosto/2021, usando como string de pesquisa “COVID-19 AND rinite alérgica” resultando em 31 retornos, onde foram selecionados 28 estudos para leitura, 2 foram descartados após a leitura do título e resumo e 1 duplicado. Resultados: Conforme o material levantado, parte significativa apresentou dados que evidenciavam as alergias respiratórias como possível agravante para a COVID-19, mesmo que uma pequena parcela não demonstrou a mesma conclusão, ainda houve a apresentação de inconclusividade e/ou controvérsia por dois estudos. Conclusão: Deve-se considerar as alergias respiratórias como fator importante quando houver infecção por SARS-CoV-2, visto que dentre os achados há uma grande possibilidade de influência sobre quadro clínico de pacientes com COVID-19, em especial no caso asma persistente moderada não controlada, por apresentar desenvolvimento de inflamação crônica das vias respiratórias pequenas.
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10

Rettore, Paulo H. L., André B. Campolina, Artur Souza, Guilherme Maia, Leandro A. Villas, and Antonio A. F. Loureiro. "Autenticação Comportamental de Motoristas em Redes Veiculares." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2018.2444.

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Abstract:
Muito se discute sobre o potencial de processamento e comunicação sem fio de veículos em um sistema de transporte. Nesse sentido, as redes veiculares (VANETs) têm como objetivo explorar a capacidade de comunicação e sensoriamento de veículos para alimentar com dados aplicações e serviços. VANETs também contribuem para o surgimento de Sistemas de Assistência ao Motorista (ADAS) e Sistemas de Transporte Inteligente (ITS), que buscam fornecer serviços aos usuários como viagens mais seguras e menos cansativas. Muitos desses sistemas necessitam autenticar seus usuários, porém o fazem de maneira que um motorista invasor possa utilizá-los. Este trabalho explora a identificação de motoristas como fator extra de autenticação em serviços locais e de uma rede veicular. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um sensor virtual para determinar a identidade de motoristas, com precisão acima de 98%, usando dados de sensores embarcados. Esse sensor também é utilizado na identificação de motoristas suspeitos. Além disso, diante da identificação de suspeitos, são discutidos os impactos desses motoristas na disseminação de dados em uma rede veicular.
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