Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Inuit Québec (Province) Folklore'
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Heyes, Scott Alexander. "Inuit and scientific ways of knowing and seeing the Arctic landscape." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARCHLM/09archlmh6159.pdf.
Full textRoy, Jean-Olivier. "Une compréhension critique des nations et du nationalisme autochtones au Canada : traditionalisme et modernité politique et étude de cas sur les Innus au Québec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25757.
Full textThis dissertation examines the evolving nature of indigenous nations and nationalism in Canada. Nations self-identification and normative foundations of indigenous nationalism are mainly rooted in tradition and continuity. In return, we note the increasing integration of indigenous discourse in a very modern repertoire, making use of concepts such as "self-determination", "sovereignty" citizenship and "government", among others, as certain political elites and citizens actions demonstrate a modern conception of the nation. Research therefore focuses on the impact of tradition and modernity in the contemporary definition of the nation and the indigenous nationalism. This research proposes a cross perspective between political thought, empirical analysis, and normative theories. Two interpretive scenarios are considered. First, the thesis of continuity, following the primordialist approach, where one would observe among Aboriginals the presence, prior to contact with Europeans and the advent of modernity, of nations and structured political elements. It is a dominant speech among Aboriginal nationalist elites. A second scenario, derived from the theory of ethnosymbolism, does not exclude that some core elements have remained, such as myths, symbols, traditions, and that nations are formed around pre-existing ethnic cores. However, it also takes into account the evolution towards more political standards, due to the impact of modernity and the influence of surrounding nations and nationalism. This scenario is favored in the research. Following the observation of various types of contemporary indigenous nationalism in Canada, with regard to the relation with the state, its structures and the role playing by elites and citizens. Then, a case study is presented, that of the Innu in Quebec, consisting of interviews with key players, which allows to verify the validity of the interpretative scenario. In parallel, research has a considerable normative part. The latter, based on the self-determination of nations, examines the normative assumptions of Aboriginal nationalism which perform a synthesis between tradition and modernity. To conclude, some reformulation of the nature of Aboriginal nations and nationalism is proposed, in which the normative bases, mainly rooted in the past, are reconsidered by integrating and taking more modern elements as well, depending on the conclusions reached by the research.
Mastronardi, Laura. "The Inuit community workers' experience of youth protection /." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60474.
Full textBarbel, Heloïse. "Géoarchéologie d'une maison semi-souterraine thuléenne-inuit en contexte périglaciaire : étude des processus taphonomiques." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33145.
Full textThis research was carried out in Kuuvik Bay (Nunavik, Canada) to document Dorset and Thule-Inuit occupations in an active periglacial context. Geomorphological, stratigraphical, micromorphological, macrofossil and geochemical (FTIR and ICP-AES) analyses were performed over a single-family semi-subterranean Thule-Inuit house of Paaliup Qarmangit 1 site and the surrounding periglacial valley to document site formation processes of the studied structure and to identify anthropogenic chemical signatures in the soil of the house. Off-site data enabled to reconstruct the sedimentary environments in the valley since the last glaciation. In-site approach revealed a Dorset occupation of the site (after 143-327cal A.D.) prior Thule-Inuit settlement (between 1317-1413 cal A.D. and 1466-1642 cal A.D.). Strategic features of the site (such as availability of building material, food, and water resources) may explain its use by two different cultures. Results showed the predominance of niveo-aeolian and nivation processes in the formation of the unit containing archaeological remains and provided evidence of post-depositional natural and/or anthropogenic reworking of Dorset artefacts. Soil of the house recorded moderate but significant anthropogenic chemical signatures (e.g., Mg, Fe, S), which may have been buffered by pedological processes, such as leaching and biological remobilization, and/or anthropogenic processes, such as a regular cleaning (maintenance) of the structure
Brière, Andréanne. "L'appropriation de l'espace domestique inuit : enjeux socioculturels à Kangirsujuaq, au Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25245.
Full textThe objective of this research is to explore how Inuit of the community of Kangirsujuaq, in Nunavik, Quebec occupies their space. More specifically, this research examines how these occupy their domestic space through their ability of appropriation and how Kangirsujuarmiut live in their house, imbued with a strong cultural resilience of the nomad way of life. Also, this research explores how they built their own and specific space in a context where exogenous elements of the Inuit culture are present. This study demonstrates an important dynamic of mobility linking domestic space to the community, but also to the territory while being in a highly institutionalized situation.
Lyonnais, Marie-Claude. "Les médias sociaux dans le cadre d'une recherche participative en santé auprès des Inuit du Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27816.
Full textThis exploratory study aims to provide information about the use of social media as part of a communication strategy within an Inuit community-based participatory health research (CBPR). Thirty semi-structured interviews conducted with Nunavimmiut (Inuit from Nunavik), as well as the content of six Facebook groups and two Facebook pages, were the subject of a thematic analysis. The goal was to better understand the use of social media by Nunavimmiut, and the best methods to improve communication within an Inuit CBPR. The results show that social media, especially Facebook, is an effective tool to reach and involve local people in the research process, but needs to be included in a broader strategy including traditional media. Researchers also need to culturally adapt their use of social media by respecting the social and cultural norms of Inuit to communicate successfully and generate more locally valuable research results. Key words: Inuit, Nunavik, social media, community-based participatory research, health, cross-cultural communication, cross-cultural adaptation
Chartrand, Breton Marie-Pier. "Coexistence des référentiels étatique et inuit dans l'aménagement nordique : une double-ordonnance en constant renouvellement." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27512.
Full textSince the beginning of the settlement of Inuit communities in Quebec in mid-20th century, many diverse stakeholders have intervened in planning and housing. Over time, the coexistence of governmental and inuit references frameworks have generated spatial and organizational particularities. This master thesis, organized into three key periods, presents the dialogue between these two frames of reference, which shows the shifting relationship between the state and Inuit. The division of responsibilities in terms of planning for these three distinct periods leads to a reflection on the integration of inuit culture in more recent territorial developments. Urban planning, morphogenesis and civic practices explored in the municipality of Kuujjuaq are used to grasp this dialogue between the institution and local practices. The evolution of the gap between frames of reference in the form of compromise due to the incomplete current local undertakings is recognized.
Decaluwe, Béatrice. "L'adoption coutumière inuit au Nunavik et le comportement de l'enfant à l'âge scolaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27267.
Full textThe focus of this doctoral thesis is on Inuit customary adoption in Nunavik. The main objective is to study the association between customary adoption practices and child behavioral problems at school-age. In Nunavik, one-third of Inuit children are adopted according to customary adoption practices. The first article describe the cultural context and the main characteristics of Inuit customary adoption. Taking place at birth, customary adoption is considered as the donation of a child to a close kin, usually the parent’s sibling or the child’s grandparent. Contrary to closed adoptions which is in standard legal use in southern Canada and in the USA, customary adoption is not confidential and biological ties are not severed. The actual information on the development of Inuit adopted children come from a limited body of studies on Inuit children followed by youth protection services. Using data from a prospective longitudinal study conducted in Nunavik, this thesis included a sample of 46 adopted and 231 non-adopted children followed from birth to school age. Prenatal and familial informations were collected and behavioral problems were assessed using the Teacher Report Form of the Child Behavior Checklist. The second article compare adopted and non-adopted children on prenatal and familial characteristics and examine the actual extent of the increase in the number of behavior problems seen in Inuit children adopted in accordance with Inuit customs. Adoption per se is not associated with higher rate of behavioral problems at school age but adopted and non-adopted Inuit children were raised in significantly distinct family environments at school-age. Given such differences, the last article identified the prenatal and familial risk factors associated with attention problems and externalizing behaviors in a subsample of Inuit adopted children (n=46). Attention and externalizing behaviors were better explained by familial variables at school age than by prenatal variables. These results contrast significantly with previous domestic and international adoption studies conducted with non-indigenous children. Similarities and differences are discuss in this thesis and hypotheses to explain discrepancies are drawn. This study contribute to extend the scope of knowledge on Inuit customary adoption.
De, La Barre Kenneth. "Inuit investment strategies in northern development : the case of the Makivik Corporation in northern Québec." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61695.
Full textJoly, Diane. "(En)quête de patrimoine au Canada français 1882-1930 : genèse du concept et du processus de patrimonialisation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25965.
Full textValera-Lozano, Beatriz-Mercedes. "Étude de la variabilité cardiaque chez les Inuit adultes du Nunavik exposés au mercure." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18968.
Full textSteelandt, Stéphanie. "Disponibilité et exploitation des ressources ligneuses par les Paléoesquimaux et les Inuit sur la côte ouest du Nunavik (Québec, Canada)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25743.
Full textLes bois flottés actuels et ressources ligneuses archéologiques trouvés sur la côte ouest du Nunavik ont été étudiés afin de documenter leurs cararctéristiques, méthodes de collecte, exploitations et origines. Au total, 1572 bois flottés provenant des plages d’Ivujivik, Akulivik, Inukjuak et Umiujaq ont été examinés. Ces bois étaient moins nombreux, de plus petites tailles et plus dégradés dans les aires les plus au nord. Huit taxons ont été identifiés sous microscope. L’épinette était majoritaire, suivie du saule, du mélèze, du peuplier et de l’aulne. Le cèdre blanc, le bouleau blanc et le sapin baumier étaient également présents mais extrêmement rares. La composition de 293 bois archéologiques, 550 charbons et 11 artéfacts ligneux provenant de 11 sites archéologiques dans les quatre zones d’études n’était guère différente. Des charbons de pin rouge ou pin sylvestre et de châtaignier ont été découverts dans un site archéologique à Ivujivik mais étaient probablement importés. De plus, de nombreux charbons d’éricacées probablement locaux ainsi que du chêne ont été trouvés dans les sites archéologiques aux alentours d’Umiujaq. La présence du cèdre blanc et du bouleau blanc dans les amas de bois flottés actuels et archéologiques témoigne d’une origine des bois au sud et sud-est de la Baie de James. Ce résultat est également appuyé par les études comparatives et interdatations des largeurs moyennes de cernes de croissance. Des entrevues avec 27 Aînés dans les quatre villages révèlent que : le vocabulaire du bois était plus diversifié dans les villages les plus méridionaux; les arbustes étaient coupés en automne et utilisés pour la confection de matelas ou pour le feu; les plus gros bois étaient prioritairement utilisés pour la construction des bateaux, des kayaks et traîneaux; à Ivujivik, les bois flottés étaient principalement collectés l’été par bateau autour des îles alors que plus au sud, les gros bois étaient collectés ou coupés l’hiver puis rapportés par traîneaux à chiens. Finalement, des expérimentations visant à différencier chimiquement un bois flotté d’un bois non flotté pour en déduire le mode de collecte des gros bois archéologiques, ont montré un plus fort enrichissement en sodium dans les bois immergés. Des analyses en composantes principales (ACP), basées sur les concentrations relatives des cations, montrent que les bois immergés et secs peuvent être séparés en deux groupes. La complémentarité de ces recherches xylologiques, anthracologiques, radiométriques, dendrochronologiques, sociales et chimiques sur les ressources ligneuses au Nunavik apporte des connaissances précieuses et inédites sur cette matière première fondamentale dans la vie quotidienne des Inuit et de leurs ancêtres.
Modern driftwood and archaeological wood found on the west coast of Nunavik were studied in order to document its characteristics, methods of collection, uses and origins. In total, 1572 driftwood samples from beaches around Ivujivik, Akulivik, Inukjuak and Umiujaq were examined. Driftwood in the more northern areas was less frequent, smaller in size and more degraded. Eight taxa were identified under a microscope. Spruce was the most abundant, followed by willow, larch, poplar and alder. White cedar, white birch and balsam fir were extremely rare. The composition of the 293 wood samples, 550 charcoals and 11 wooden artifacts from 11 archaeological sites located within the four study areas was similar to the driftwood composition. Charcoals of red pine, Scots pine and chestnut were found at an archeological site in Ivujivik, but these were probably imported. In addition, many local ericaceous charcoals and an oak sample were found at archaeological sites around Umiujaq. The presence of white cedar and white birch in both modern and archaeological wood samples indicated that the wood originated from the south and southeast of James Bay. This conclusion is supported by comparative studies and cross-dating of the average growth rings. Interviews with 27 elders from the four villages revealed that: the wood vocabulary was more diversified in the southern villages; shrubs were cut in autumn and used for making mattresses or as fuel; the larger driftwood pieces were primarily used for the construction of boats, kayaks or sleds; in Ivujivik, driftwood was mainly collected in the summer by boat from around the islands whereas further south, the large wood pieces were collected or cut in winter and carried by dogsled. Finally, experiments to chemically differentiate immersed wood from dry wood in order to deduce the harvesting method of the large archaeological wood specimens, showed a stronger enrichment in sodium in the submerged woods. Principal component analyses (PCA), which are based on the relative concentrations of cations, allowed us to divide the immersed and dry samples into two groups. Principal component analyses (PCA), based on the relative concentrations of cations, reveal that the immersed and dry samples can be separated into two groups. The complementarity of these xylological, anthracological, radiometric, dendrochronological, social and chemical studies on wood resources in Nunavik provides invaluable and original knowledge concerning this essential raw material in the daily life of the Inuit and their ancestors.
Belisimbi, Félicité. "Les déterminants des conditions de vie des Inuit du Nunavik. Le rôle de l'éducation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25679/25679.pdf.
Full textMedehouenou, Thierry Comlan Marc. "Mesures plasmatiques de composés de type dioxine réalisées chez les Inuit du Nunavik à l'aide du bioessai DR-CALUX." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25573/25573.pdf.
Full textPepin, Camille. "Surpeuplement des logements en lien avec la détresse psychologique chez les adolescents inuit du Nunavik : un suivi longitudinal." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37233.
Full textAbout half of Nunavik Inuit live in overcrowded households compared to 6% of the general Canadian population. Inuit adolescents are also more at risk of suffering from psychological distress than their Canadian peers. Living in overcrowded households is associated with greater risks of suffering from mental health problems for Canadian adolescents. However, no empirical and longitudinal study has examined the impact of living in an overcrowded household during childhood on psychological distress at adolescence for Inuit. The objective of the present work is to examine the hypothesized relationship between household overcrowding at childhood and psychological distress during adolescence among Nunavik Inuit, as well as the hypothesized relationship between these phenomena when they are both measure at adolescence. It will also examine if this relationship is moderated by sex. Recruited as part of the Nunavik Child Development Study, 220 participants were met when they were 11 years old in average, and then when they were 18 years old in average. Household overcrowding was assessed using the people per room ratio. Psychological distress symptoms were operationalized at adolescence using depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. The results did not show that childhood household crowding had a longterm effect on psychological distress, nor effect moderation by sex. Despite these results, household crowding could be a risk factor when in interaction with other elements related housing conditions or with poverty, or could be experienced as a difficulty for adolescents on other aspects than depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts.
St-Onge, Paul. "Transport et mobilité des résidants du village de Kangiqsualujjuaq (Nunavik) : le cas de la motoneige." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23736.
Full textWesternization of the Inuit society is not the consequence of only one item but the combination of many. Even if it is difficult to evaluate the influence of a particular technology on a cultural system, snowmobile has had an important impact on the social, cultural and economic values of the Inuit society. The results of the introduction of this vehicle are not only the consolidation of the westernization way of living, because the snowmobile also gives to the Inuit society, the technology needed to practice traditional activities in a contemporary context.
Thériault, Sophie. "La terre nourricière des Inuit : le défi de la sécurité alimentaire au Nunavik et en Alaska." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26386/26386.pdf.
Full textBlais, Jonathan. "Les impacts sociaux de la mine Raglan auprès des communautés inuit de Salluit de Kangiqsujuaq." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25779.
Full textThis research is an attempt to document and analyze the social impacts of the Raglan Mine on the communities of Salluit and Kangiqsujuaq in order to further understand the consequences of such projects on the inuit populations of Nunavik. Nunavik is facing an unprecedented mining boom. Extractive companies are attracted by its considerable mineral resources. Following the promotion of mining development by the Quebec Government, the level of exploration and exploitation is unprecedented North of the 49th parallel. However, the large-scale development of the mining industry is not without consequences for the Inuit people of Nunavik that will be the first to feel the impacts of these mining projects. However, we know little about the social impacts of mining projects taking place in Nunavik. By studying and comparing the social impacts of Raglan on the communities of Salluit and Kangiqsujuaq, this research aims to help bridge these gaps and bring on new light to the impact of mining development in Nunavik. KEYWORDS: social impacts, mining development, Nunavik, Salluit, Kangiqsujuaq, Inuit, Raglan mine, Raglan Agreement, Impacts and benefits agreements (IBA).
Lavoie, Josée G. (Josée Gabrielle). "Public health politics in Nunavik health care : shared concepts, divergent meanings." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69633.
Full textSt-Jean, Audray. "Biomarqueurs métabolomiques en relation avec les problèmes de comportement auprès de jeunes Inuit du Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27559.
Full textObesity and insulin resistance are associated with mood disorders and elevated plasma concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs: isoleucine, leucine and valine), and aromatic amino acids (AAAs: phenylalanine and tyrosine). Because AAAs are precursors of key neurotransmitters and their uptake into the brain is competitive with respect to the uptake of BCAAs via their transport through the same carrier, we explored the relationship between metabolomic biomarkers (BCAAs and AAAs) and behavioral problems among young Inuit from Nunavik. The current analysis includes 141 youth who participated in the Nunavik Child Development Study baseline (2005-2010) and adolescent follow-up (2013-2015). BCAA and AAA plasma concentrations were measured at baseline and categorised in tertiles of the ratio of BCAAs to AAAs (BCAA/AAA). Behavioral problems were assessed during adolescence with the Youth Self-Report (YSR) from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The relationship between tertiles of BCAA/AAA and mean scores of YSR syndromes was assessed with general linear models. We noted a trend toward a higher mean scores of internalizing problems (Ptrend=0.05) and somatic complaints (Ptrend=0.01) syndromes with higher BCAA/AAA ratio. No statistically-significant relationship was noted for externalizing and attention problems scores. We observed higher (Ptrend < 0.05) internalizing problems and somatic complaints syndrome scores with a higher ratio of BCAA/AAA among normal weight participants, but not among overweight or obese. Our results suggest that an elevated BCAA/AAA ratio is associated with behavioral problems among youth, mainly internalizing problems.
Lapointe, Mathilde. "La santé et le bien-être des Inuit vivant à Montréal : perspectives, expériences et ressources en contexte urbain." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68413.
Full textThis study explores the way Inuit who live permanently in Montreal perceive their health and their ability to maintain and restore it in their local urban context. In partnership with the Qanuikkat Siqinirmiut? project, this research in medical anthropology aims to contribute to a knowledge base on the health and well-being of Inuit living in southern Quebec. Rooted in a critical and post-colonial perspective, the analysis of the ethnographic data collected during this fieldwork focuses on urban Inuit’s perspectives of their health and well-being, as well as their capacity to maintain or restore it, according to the institutional, community and personal resources available in Montreal. As part of the macro-social analysis, we explore how colonization is a historical, political and economic process that still influences participants' options, choices and behaviours regarding their ability to maintain or restore their health and well-being in an urban context. At the meso-social level, we focus on their perspectives and experiences within the professional (the public health system and non-insured health services) and alternative (community and personal resources) sectors of healthcare. Finally, at the microsocial level, we are seeking to capture how participants live, negotiate and define their health and their well-being in order to emphasize the outlines of their conceptualization of these notions. Four dimensions (physical, mental, cultural/identity and social) emerged from the analysis of the popular sector, a sector where depictions of health are individually and collectively defined.
Laidaoui, Abdelhafid. "Dommage à l'ADN et exposition aux contaminants de la chaine alimentaire chez les Inuit du Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21060.
Full textDupont, Claire, and Claire Dupont. "Maladies cardiovasculaires chez les populations autochtones des régions arctiques et impact de la contamination environnementale au mercure sur le niveau de sévérité de l'athérosclérose subclinique chez les Cris de la région Eeyou Istchee et les Inuit du Nunavik, au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26388.
Full textLes différents aspects de ce travail s’articulent autour de la question des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les populations autochtones des régions arctiques, de leur réalité aux causes sous-jacentes relatives à leur existence. Dans un premier temps, nous avons conduit une revue systématique de la littérature afin d’établir l’état des connaissances disponibles et publiées dans la littérature concernant la mortalité par maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) des populations autochtones des régions arctiques. Les données ainsi recueillies se sont avérées limitées et parfois difficiles à interpréter mais les quelques études retrouvées sur le sujet nous ont permis de poser les bases de notre propos. Ainsi, en dépit des idées reçues, plusieurs pistes intéressantes sous-tendent une existence non négligeable, à la fois passée et présente, des MCV chez ces populations. En effet, les maladies ischémiques pourraient avoir été moins fréquentes dans le passé qu’elles ne le sont aujourd’hui. Les AVC d’origine hémorragique pourraient être à l’origine de la surmortalité par maladies cérébrovasculaires retrouvée chez ses populations en général. Suite à cette première recherche, nous avons tout de même relevé un certain nombre de défis concernant la validité discutable des données de mortalité. Dans un second temps, nous avons donc tenté d’illustrer cet enjeu à l’aide des données de mortalité disponibles pour le Nunavik (région arctique du Québec majoritairement composée d’Inuit). Afin d’en évaluer la validité, nous avons comparé les causes de décès par maladies de l’appareil circulatoire déclarées dans le registre des décès de l’Institut de Statistiques du Québec (ISQ) à celles que l’on pouvait déduire des dossiers médicaux recueillis auprès des centres de santé de la région. Nous avons ainsi pu constater une certaine disparité dans l’identification des causes dans notre analyse par rapport aux déclarations faites dans le registre de décès. De plus, nous avons constaté que quelques erreurs dans le classement pouvaient avoir des conséquences majeures sur les estimations des taux de mortalité standardisés. En effet, en raison du faible effectif de la population en question, la standardisation comporterait de nombreuses limites statistiques. Dans un dernier temps, nous nous sommes placés à un niveau préliminaire de développement des MCV en nous concentrant sur le phénomène d’athérosclérose subclinique chez deux populations autochtones de la région nordique du Québec (les Cris et les Inuit). Des évidences sur le rôle du mercure, sous sa forme méthylmercure, en tant qu’agent oxydant, nous ont permis d’envisager son action potentielle dans les processus d’oxydation reliés à l’athérosclérose. Chez les Inuit, nous avons observé une association significative entre le mercure sanguin et le niveau de sévérité de l’athérosclérose subclinique, davantage marquée chez les individus ne présentant pas d’antécédents de MCV. Chez les Cris (trois fois moins exposés que les Inuit), aucune association significative avec le mercure a été retrouvée.
Bélanger, Marie-Claire. "Statut redox, inflammatoire et métabolique chez une population inuit : effets d'une alimentation traditionnelle riche en acides gras omega-3 et en sélénium, mais contaminée par du mercure et des biphényles polychlorés." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24288/24288.pdf.
Full textThe Inuit of Nunavik are exposed by their traditional diet to environmental contaminants including methylmercury (MeHg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), at levels potentially noxious for health. Nevertheless, this diet is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and selenium. We formulated the hypothesis that these dietary factors could have beneficial effects counteracting the potentially pro-oxidant effects of contaminants. An epidemiological study conducted in 1992 retrieved a relatively low prevalence of ischemic heart diseases and type 2 diabetes in these Inuit, maybe because of their high consumption of omega-3 fatty acids. The initiation of research on the Inuit and environmental contaminants to which they are exposed to revealed another factor that might affect their health: a high prevalence of obesity. In fact, the observation that several participants suffered from obesity lead us to carry out relevant measurements in order to assess metabolic syndrome components, the inflammatory status and endothelial function in this population, in an attempt to distinguish the potentially harmful effects linked to obesity from those linked to contaminants. The potential effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the components of the metabolic syndrome have therefore also been investigated. Our results indicate, firstly, that the observed levels of contaminants had no evident oxidant effect detectable at the level of the redox couples of vitamin E and coenzyme Q10 in these Inuit. The contaminants were nevertheless associated with an increase of low-density lipoprotein oxidation, and a stimulation of the antioxidant defenses. Besides, a positive association between omega-3 fatty acids and fasting blood glucose suggests that the introduction of a western diet rich in refined sugars could induce the expression of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia phenotypes without concomitant dyslipidemia usually reported for Caucasians. In fact, the lipid profile of the Inuit remained favourable, characterized by low levels of triglycerides and free fatty acids, and high levels of HDL cholesterol. Moreover, close to half of the studied subjects presented a fasting hyperinsulinemia, without evidence of peripheral inflammation or endothelial dysfunction, which are conditions usually met in hyperinsulinemic and obese Caucasians.
Fontaine, Julie. "Variations temporelles des concentrations sanguines et des sources d'exposition au mercure, plomb et cadmium dans la population inuite du Nunavik." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24458/24458.pdf.
Full textPerron, Mathieu. "Jacques Labrecque : trajectoire d'un "diffuseur du folklore"." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28604.
Full textFaucher, Charlotte. "Étude des associations entre le développement cognitif et la qualité de l'environnement familial dans la population inuit du Nunavik." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/MQ44735.pdf.
Full textParcoret, Florence. "L'amertume des Gardiens de la Terre : les Memekueshuat dans la tradition orale innue." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ55785.pdf.
Full textGagnon, Louis. "Charlie Inupuk, étude sémiotique d'un cas en art inuit." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33509.
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Hervé, Caroline. ""On ne fait que s'entraider" : dynamique des relations de pouvoir et construction de la figure du leader chez les Inuit du Nunavik (XXe siècle-2011)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30423/30423.pdf.
Full textThis dissertation describes power relationships among the Nunavik Inuit by addressing two interrelated themes. On the one hand, the nature of power and the role of authority figures are analyzed. On the other, the concept of leader is deconstructed by showing its endogenous nature and the way it is appropriated by Inuit. Through reflexive fieldwork, this research points to a high prevalence of cooperation practices among the Nunavik Inuit. These practices, which are structured by power relationships and various inequalities, cover a wide range of social and material goods and go far beyond food sharing and equipment lending. Such pooling of resources is driven by authority figures who possess what others lack and, as such, are obliged to give back and share their wealth. In line with previous research on egalitarian groups and stateless societies, this research shows that Inuit individuals gain power through exogenous factors, i.e., what others within the group think of them, and not through endogenous ones, i.e., their personal ambitions. In other words, a group creates its leader by deciding to follow him or her. This finding sheds new light on the history of Inuit and Qallunaat relations during the 20th century. Each Inuit group continually exerted pressure to control authority figures, and this pressure extended to missionaries and traders as well. Despite efforts to impose their own power structures by creating new positions of authority in the Arctic, missionaries and traders were nevertheless considered to be wealthy people who had an obligation to share. Governments likewise felt the same pressures, which in time subverted their paternalistic policies. The same applies today to the Nunavik regional government, which recognizes this reality and is seeking to develop a very advanced form of participatory democracy. Keywords: Inuit, Nunavik, Canada, political anthropology, cooperation, power, government, governance, reflexive anthropology.
Laurendeau, Géraldine. "USAGES DES PLANTES PAR LES PEKUAKAMIULNUATSH Étude sur la transmission des savoirs dans la communauté ilnu de Mashteuiatsh." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27871/27871.pdf.
Full textBégin, Gabrielle. "Déterminants biologiques et maternels des problèmes de comportement chez l'enfant inuit d'âge scolaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27203.
Full textThis research project aims to document the association between multiple biological and psychosocial determinants and the emergence of behavioural problems among schoolaged Inuit children. The objectives are firstly to document the presence of these risk factors through descriptive statistics and secondly, test the association with the development of externalizing and internalizing behaviour problems in a sample of eleven-year-old children. 294 Inuit aged between 8 and 14 years living in Nunavik were invited to participate in this longitudinal study. The Teacher's Report Form of the CBCL was faxed to the child's school for his teacher to complete. Pearson correlations and multiple regressions were performed on variables significantly associated with behaviour problems. The results of the correlations show that biological determinants are not associated with the occurrence of internalizing behaviour problems (IBP), and that gender and tobacco consumption during pregnancy are correlated with the appearance of externalized behaviour problems (EBP). In addition, prenatal drug use and breastfeeding have marginally significant correlations with EBP. Regression analyzes show the effects of child gender, prenatal exposure to tobacco, the Raven score and food insecurity are significantly associated with the occurrence of EBP, while the score at Raven and language during the interview, when combined, account for the emergence of IBP. In light of these results, questions remain and are discussed in conclusion.
Levesque, Martin. "La pêcherie d'anguille du Kamouraska : essor et déclin d'une culture et d'une ressource." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30703/30703.pdf.
Full textThe history of the eel fishery has been an activity emblematic of the evolving culture of the Kamouraska region and a source of identity for the region’s fishing population. The snake-like appearance of the eel and its mysterious life underwater made it a fish subject to multiple interpretations in the belief systems of several peoples. From its rise to its decline, the historical geography of the eel fishery is a medium for exploring the larger relationship of the peoples of Kamouraska with their environment. An integral part of the transhumance of First Nations peoples, it was equally an essential part of the fishing and agricultural subsistence activities of the French colonists of the region and became an economically important market activity in the 19th and 20th centuries.. The decline of the eel fishery in the 1970’s provides testimony to the long-term effects of environmental degradation of the St. Lawrence River. Keywords: Eel, Eel fishery, historical geography, Nature and culture, ecosystem management, identity, social and economical development, Kamouraska, Maoris.
Carrier, Yolaine. "La deuxième ombre (roman) ; : suivi de Les contes, une mémoire (essai réflexif)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28973/28973.pdf.
Full textTurbide, Maëlle. "La redéfinition des termes de la citoyenneté au nord du Québec : le cas des Cris de la Baie James et des Inuit du Nunavik." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3364/1/M11459.pdf.
Full textCloutier, Carl. "L'autonomie gouvernementale du Nunavik : une redéfinition des relations de pouvoir." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3571/1/M11666.pdf.
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