Relevant bibliographies by topics / Intrusions (Geology) New Zealand

Academic literature on the topic 'Intrusions (Geology) New Zealand'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Intrusions (Geology) New Zealand"

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Spandler, Carl J., Stephen M. Eggins, Richard J. Arculus, and John A. Mavrogenes. "Using melt inclusions to determine parent-magma compositions of layered intrusions: Application to the Greenhills Complex (New Zealand), a platinum group minerals–bearing, island-arc intrusion." Geology 28, no. 11 (2000): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<991:umitdp>2.0.co;2.

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Cole, R. P., J. D. L. White, D. B. Townsend, G. S. Leonard, and C. E. Conway. "Glaciovolcanic emplacement of an intermediate hydroclastic breccia-lobe complex during the penultimate glacial period (190–130 ka), Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand." GSA Bulletin 132, no. 9-10 (January 9, 2020): 1903–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35297.1.

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Abstract An intermediate-composition hydroclastic breccia deposit is exposed in the upper reaches of a deep glacial valley at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand, indicating an ancient accumulation of water existed near the current summit area. Lobate intrusions within the deposit have variably fluidal and brecciated margins, and are inferred to have been intruded while the deposit was wet and unconsolidated. The tectonic setting, elevation of Ruapehu, and glacial evidence suggest that the deposit-forming eruption took place in meltwater produced from an ancient glacier. The breccia-lobe complex is inferred to have been emplaced at &gt; 154 ± 12 ka, during the penultimate glacial period (190–130 ka) when Ruapehu’s glaciers were more extensive than today. This age is based on overlying radiometrically dated lava flows, and by correlation with a well-constrained geochemical stratigraphy for Ruapehu. Field relations indicate that the glacier was at least 150 m thick, and ubiquitous quench textures and jigsaw-fit fracturing suggest that the clastic deposit was formed from non-explosive fragmentation of lava in standing water. Such features are unusual for the high flanks of a volcanic edifice where steep topography typically hinders accumulation of water or thick ice, and hence the formation and retention of hydroclastic material. Although not well-constrained for this time, the vent configuration at Ruapehu is inferred to have contributed to an irregular edifice morphology, allowing thick ice to locally accumulate and meltwater to be trapped.
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Hopper, Derek J., and Ian E. M. Smith. "Petrology of the gabbro and sheeted basaltic intrusives at North Cape, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 39, no. 3 (September 1996): 389–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1996.9514721.

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Armstrong, P. A., P. J. J. Kamp, R. G. Allis, and D. S. Chapman. "Thermal effects of intrusion below the Taranaki Basin (New Zealand): evidence from combined apatite fission track age and vitrinite reflectance data." Basin Research 9, no. 2 (June 1997): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2117.1997.00039.x.

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Jongens, Richard, Andrew J. Tulloch, Terry L. Spell, Mark S. Rattenbury, John G. Begg, and Belinda Smith Lyttle. "Pember Diorite—an Early Jurassic intrusion in the Rakaia Terrane, Puketeraki Range, Canterbury, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 52, no. 1 (March 2009): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288300909509876.

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Smith, Victoria C., Phil Shane, and Ian A. Nairn. "Reactivation of a rhyolitic magma body by new rhyolitic intrusion before the 15.8 ka Rotorua eruptive episode: implications for magma storage in the Okataina Volcanic Centre, New Zealand." Journal of the Geological Society 161, no. 5 (September 2004): 757–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/0016-764903-092.

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Curtis, Michael L. "Palaeozoic to Mesozoic polyphase deformation of the Patuxent Range, Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica." Antarctic Science 14, no. 2 (June 2002): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102002000743.

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The Patuxent Range forms the most southerly third of the Pensacola Mountains, East Antarctica. Largely unstudied since the original geological survey work of the 1960s, the Patuxent Range was thought to expose metasediments deformed by a single Precambrian event. However, new structural data collected from two geographically separate areas in the central Patuxent Range reveal the presence of three distinct generations of structures. A synthesis of the regional geology together with new data suggests that the Patuxent Formation was mildly deformed during end Cambrian times as part of the late stage Ross Orogeny. However, the most intense deformation, although poorly constrained in age, probably occurred during the Permo-Triassic Gondwanian Orogeny. A third phase of deformation predates the intrusion of 183 Ma lamprophyre dykes and involved an inferred vertical axis rotation of the pre-existing D1 and D2 structures and the localized development of a spaced foliation and mesoscale folding. These D3 structures may be the first evidence of an Early Jurassic deformation event in the Transantarctic Mountains, which correlates with the Peninsula and Rangitata I orogenies of the Antarctic Peninsula and New Zealand, respectively.
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Kutovaya, Anna, Karsten F. Kroeger, Hannu Seebeck, Stefan Back, and Ralf Littke. "Thermal Effects of Magmatism on Surrounding Sediments and Petroleum Systems in the Northern Offshore Taranaki Basin, New Zealand." Geosciences 9, no. 7 (June 29, 2019): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9070288.

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In the past two decades, numerical forward modeling of petroleum systems has been extensively used in exploration geology. However, modeling of petroleum systems influenced by magmatic activity has not been a common practice, because it is often associated with additional uncertainties and thus is a high risk associated with exploration. Subsurface processes associated with volcanic activity extensively influence all the elements of petroleum systems and may have positive and negative effects on hydrocarbon formation and accumulation. This study integrates 3D seismic data, geochemical and well data to build detailed 1D and 3D models of the Kora Volcano—a buried Miocene arc volcano in the northern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand. It examines the impact of magmatism on the source rock maturation and burial history in the northern Taranaki Basin. The Kora field contains a sub-commercial oil accumulation in volcanoclastic rocks that has been encountered by a well drilled on the flank of the volcano. By comparing the results of distinct models, we concluded that magmatic activity had a local effect on the thermal regime in the study area and resulted in rapid thermal maturation of the surrounding organic matter-rich sediments. Scenarios of the magmatic activity age (18, 11 and 8 Ma) show that the re-equilibration of the temperature after intrusion takes longer (up to 5 Ma) in the scenarios with a younger emplacement age (8 Ma) due to an added insulation effect of the thicker overburden. Results of the modeling also suggest that most hydrocarbons expelled from the source rock during this magmatic event escaped to the surface due to the absence of a proper seal rock at that time.
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Morley, C. K. "3-D seismic imaging of the plumbing system of the Kora Volcano, Taranaki Basin, New Zealand: The influence of syn-rift structure on shallow igneous intrusion architecture." Geosphere 14, no. 6 (October 24, 2018): 2533–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges01645.1.

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Sutherland, Rupert, Philip Barnes, and Chris Uruski. "Miocene‐Recent deformation, surface elevation, and volcanic intrusion of the overriding plate during subduction initiation, offshore southern Fiordland, Puysegur margin, southwest New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 49, no. 1 (March 2006): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2006.9515154.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Intrusions (Geology) New Zealand"

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Luke, Jason Allen. "Three-Dimensional Seismic Study of Pluton Emplacement, Offshore Northwestern New Zealand." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2949.

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Detailed 3D seismic images of a volcano-plutonic complex offshore northwestern New Zealand indicate the intrusive complex lies in a relay zone between NE-trending en echelon normal faults. A series of high angle normal faults fan out from the margin of the Southern Intrusive Complex and cut the folded strata along the margin. These faults terminate against the margins of the intrusion, extend as much as 1 pluton diameter away from the margin, and then merge with regional faults that are part of the Northern Taranaki Graben. Offset along these faults is on the order of 10s to over 100 meters. Strata on top of the complex are thinned and deformed into a faulted dome with an amplitude of about 0.7 km. Steep dip-slip faults form a semi-radial pattern in the roof rocks, but are strongly controlled by the regional stress field as many of the faults are sub-parallel to those that form the Northern Taranaki Graben. The longest roof faults are about the same length as the diameter of the pluton and cut through approximately 0.7 km of overlying strata. Fault offset gradually diminishes vertically away from the top of the intrusion. The Southern Intrusive Complex is a composite intrusion and formed from multiple steep-sided intrusions as evidenced by the complex margins and multiple apophyses. Small sills are apparent along the margins and near the roof of the Southern complex. Multiple episodes of deformation are also indicated by a series of unconformities in the sedimentary strata around the complex. Two large igneous bodies make up the composite intrusion as evidenced by the GeoAnomaly body detection tool. The Southern Intrusive Complex has a resolvable volume of 277 km3. Room for the complex was made by multiple space-making mechanisms. Roof uplift created ~3% of the space needed. Compaction/porosity loss is estimated to have contributed 20-40% of the space needed. Assimilation may have created ~0-30% space. Extension played a major role in creating the space needed and is estimated to have created a minimum of 33% of the space. Floor subsidence and stoping may have occurred, but are not resolvable in the seismic survey.
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Cammans, Phillip C. "Mechanisms and Timing of Pluton Emplacement in Taranaki Basin, New Zealand Using Three-Dimensional Seismic Analysis." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5649.

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Several off-shore volcano-plutonic complexes are imaged in detail in the Parihaka 3D seismic survey in the Taranaki Basin of New Zealand. Three intrusions were analyzed for this study. Part of the Mohakatino Volcanic Centre (15 to 1.6 Ma), these intrusions have steep sides, no resolvable base reflectors, no internal stratification or structure, and they exhibit doming and faulting in the sedimentary strata above the intrusions. Deformation along the sides is dominated by highly attenuated, dipping strata with dips of 45° or higher that decrease rapidly away from the intrusions. Doming extends several hundred meters from the margins and produced many high-angle normal faults and thinned strata. The intrusions lie near normal faults with the Northern Intrusion lying directly adjacent to a segment of the Parihaka Fault. The Central Intrusion has localized normal faults cutting a graben in the area directly above the intrusion and extending in a NE-SW direction away from it. The Western Intrusion is near the western edge of the Parihaka 3D dataset and is not situated directly adjacent to extensional faults.Two distinct zones of intrusion-related faults developed around both the Northern and Central Intrusions representing two different stress regimes present during emplacement, a local stress field created by the intrusions during emplacement and the regional stress field. The deeper zones contain short radial faults that extend away from the intrusion in all directions, representing a local stress field. The shallower faults have a radial pattern above the apex of each intrusion, but farther from it, they follow the regional stress field and trend NE. Using our techniques to interpret radial faulting above both intrusions and the principal of cross-cutting relations, timing of emplacement for these intrusions are 3.5 Ma for the Northern Intrusion and between 5 and 4 Ma for the Central and Western Intrusions.Observed space-making mechanisms for the Northern and Central Intrusions include doming (~16% and 11%, respectively), thinning and extension of roof strata (~4% for both), and extension within the basin itself (29% and 12%). Stoping and floor subsidence may have occurred, but are not visible in the seismic images. Magmatic extension may have played a significant role in emplacement.Several gas-rich zones are also imaged within the seismic data near the sea-floor. They appear as areas of acoustic impedance reversal compared to surrounding sedimentary strata and have a reversal of amplitude when compared to the sea floor. The gas in these zones is either biogenic or sourced from deeper reservoirs cut by normal faults.
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Nicholson, Heather Halcrow. "The New Zealand Greywackes: A study of geological concepts in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/90.

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This thesis traces changes in geological concepts associated with the New Zealand greywackes. Since mineralogists adopted the German mining term 'grauwacke' in the 1780s to refer to a type of old, hard, grey, muddy sandstone, both the name and the rock have caused confusion and controversy. English geologists in the 1830s used the term 'grauwacke' as a rock name and a formation name for their most ancient rocks. The English abandoned the name, but 'greywacke' remained useful in Scotland and began to be used in New Zealand in the 1890s. New Zealanders still refer to the association of semi-metamorphosed greywacke sandstones, argillites, minor lavas, cherts and limestone constituting the North Island ranges and the Southern Alps as 'the greywackes'. With the South Island schists, the greywackes make up 27% of the surface of the New Zealand landmass. They supply much of our road metal, but otherwise have little economic importance. Work on these basement rocks has rarely exceeded 10% of geological research in New Zealand.Leading geologists of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries competed to construct stratigraphical models for New Zealand where the greywackes were usually classified as of Paleozoic age. Controversy was generated by insufficient data, field mistakes, wrong fossil identifications, attachment to ruling theories and the inability of European-based conventional stratigraphical methodologies to deal with these Carboniferous to Jurassic rocks formed in a very different and unsuspected geological environment. After 1945, growth of the universities, increased Geological Survey activity, and the acquisition of more reliable data led to fresh explanatory ideas about geosynclines, turbidity currents, depositional facies, low-grade metamorphism, and structural geology. New interest in the greywackes resulted in the accumulation of additional knowledge about their paleontology, petrography, sedimentology and structure. Much of this geological data is stored in visual materials including maps, photographs, and diagrams and these are essential today for the interpretation and transfer of information.The development of plate tectonic theory and the accompanying terrane concept in the seventies and eighties permitted real progress in understanding the oceanic origin of greywackes within submarine accretionary prisms and their transport to the New Zealand region. In the last half century comparatively little geological controversy about the greywackes has taken place because of the acquisition of quantities of data, technological improvements, and the use of a dependable theory of the Earth's crust. Scientific controversy takes place when data and/or background theory is inadequate.
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Wadman, Heidi M. "Controls on continental shelf stratigraphy: Waiapu River, New Zealand." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616896.

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A quantitative understanding of the processes controlling sediment transport and deposition across the land/sea interface is crucial to linking terrestrial and marine environments and understanding the formation of marine stratigraphy. The nature and distribution of terrestrial-derived sediment preserved in shelf stratigraphy in turn provides insight into the complex linkages inherent in source-to-sink sediment dynamics. Located inboard of an actively subducting plate boundary and characterized by one of the highest sediment yields in the world, the open-shelf setting off of the Waiapu River in New Zealand presents an excellent location to improve our understanding of the factors controlling the formation of continental shelf stratigraphy and associated sediment transport. Over 850km of high-resolution seismic and swath bathymetry data ground-truthed by cores show significant stratigraphic spatial variation preserved on the Waiapu continental shelf. This spatial variation is likely controlled by regionally-specific sediment deposition and resuspension processes as well as antecedent geology. Chronostratigraphic control obtained from black carbon analysis reveals that deforestation of the Waiapu catchment is preserved as a distinct event in the adjacent inner shelf stratigraphy, and further indicates that the inner shelf is currently capturing a significant ∼16-34% of the total Waiapu sediment budget. Shelf-wide stratigraphy shows that the thickest deposits of Holocene stratigraphy are found in tectonically-created accommodation spaces, highlighting the role of neotectonics in strata formation. The primary control on strata formation on the Waiapu continental shelf is presumed to be tectonically-steered, local sediment supply, which likely still influences modern-day sediment transport via the effects of small-scale bathymetric lows steering gravity-dependent sediment flows at the river mouth.
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Karykowski, Bartosz. "New approaches in understanding layered intrusions : field-based and analytical evidence from the Bushveld and Monchegorsk complexes." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/108748/.

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The formation of layered intrusions remains one of the most important, yet unresolved issues in the study of mafic-ultramafic systems, although they are of major economic significance, hosting more than 80 % of the world's platinum-group element (PGE) resource. In many layered intrusions, PGE mineralisation is associated with stratigraphic intervals that are characterised by pronounced igneous layering. Thus, the origin of layering and the emplacement mechanism of individual layers are closely related to the formation of PGE deposits. In this study, field-based and analytical evidence from the Bushveld Complex of South Africa and the Monchegorsk Complex in Russia is used to gain a better understanding of the small- and large-scale processes associated with the emplacement of layered intrusions. Detailed examination of drill core and field exposures suggest that sill-like intrusions of crystal mushes play an important role in the formation of layered intrusions, especially in the lower ultramafic portions of large complexes. In contrast, the in situ Sr isotope analysis of plagioclase from the upper portion of the Bushveld Complex indicates that the more mafic portions may also crystallise in situ from crystal-poor magmas, which can also undergo mixing. Moreover, mineralogical and microtextural work based on high-resolution elemental mapping highlights the importance of melt migration at different stages of cumulate solidification as a consequence of displacement by convecting interstitial liquids and compaction. Further, broadly stratiform PGE mineralisation in the Monchegorsk Complex cannot always be explained by a classic PGE reef model, in which the mineralised horizon marks the transition from sulfide-undersaturated to sulfide-saturated conditions. It is more likely that preformed sulfides were entrained in crystal mushes and emplaced into a semi-consolidated cumulate pile at different levels of the layered intrusion. Ultimately, thermal modelling shows that a multi-stage emplacement history of a complex should be regarded as highly prospective with respect to PGE-Ni-Cu mineralisation.
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Menzies, Catriona Dorothy. "Fluid flow associated with the Alpine Fault, South Island, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/351800/.

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Rose, Robert Vaughan. "Quaternary geology and stratigraphy of North Westland, South Island, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6474.

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Infrared stimulated luminescence ages are presented from the North Westland region, West Coast, South Island, New Zealand. These ages span much of the last interglacial-glacial cycle from 123.3 ± 12.7 ka to 33.6 ± 3.6 ka. Coverage is extended to c. 14 ka via cosmogenic isotope dating. A new Quaternary stratigraphy and Marine Isotope Stage correlation is proposed for the on-shore glacial-interglacial fluvioglacial, fluvial and marine terrace sequence. The new model incorporates previously published luminescence and radiocarbon ages. It necessitates reinterpretation of the evolution of the climate in North Westland for the period from 123 ka to 14 ka. Reinterpretation of fossil pollen and plant macrofossil records implies a period of probable near-interglacial climate in North Westland during the early to middle portion of Marine Isotope Stage 3. It also implies the presence in North Westland of raised marine terraces dating from this Isotope Stage. In addition it is concluded that during the period from c.60 ka to c.50 ka podocarp dominated forest was widespread in the lowland portion of Westland. Between Okarito and Westport Dacrydium cupressinum and Nestegis were ubiquitous components of this forest. This finding aligns the Marine Isotope Stage 3 climate of North Westland nicely with that of other parts of New Zealand where good records exist for this period.
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Dorsey, C. J. "The geology and geochemistry of Akaroa volcano, Banks Peninsula, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7524.

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This thesis presents a detailed geological, petrological and geochemical study of Akaroa Volcano, Banks Peninsula, New Zealand. The Akaroa Volcanic Group is defined as comprising all the volcanic products of central, flank and parasitic vent eruptions in the south-eastern two-thirds of Banks Peninsula, which collectively form Akaroa Volcano. Field mapping has shown that the lavas and pyroclastics of which Akaroa Volcano is constructed can be grouped into an Early Phase and a Main Phase. Early Phase rocks (?11-9 Ma) are restricted in outcrop to the inner shoreline of Akaroa Harbour. The oldest exposed basaltic lava flows of Akaroa Volcano are assigned to Early Phase I. Early Phase II comprises extensive trachyte tuffs, breccias, agglomerates, flows, sills, and a large dome, with minor basaltic tuffs, and appears to represent a major episode of eruption of trachytic lava marking the end of the construction of a proto-Akaroa Volcano. Weathered basaltic flows, tuffs, lahars, scoria cones and pyroclastic breccia of Early Phase III unconformably overlie rocks of Early Phase II. The contact between Early Phases II and III shows considerable relief indicating a period of erosion prior to eruption of Early Phase III flows and pyroclastics. A diverse stratigraphy and a significant portion of the early history of Akaroa Volcano remains buried beneath sea level. A period of prolonged weathering and erosion occurred prior to the eruption of Main Phase lava flows and pyroclastics. The main cone of Akaroa Volcano is constructed predominantly of hawaiite lava flows and pyroclastics and rare mugearite, benmoreite and trachyte lava flows of the Main Phase, erupted 9-8 Ma. Activity was hawaiian to mildly strombolian in character. Throughout its eruptive history, Akaroa Volcano was intruded by predominantly trachytic dikes of the Akaroa radial dike swarm, and five large trachyte domes. Dikes radiate from a broadly defined central zone south to south-east of Onawe Peninsula which coincides with the inferred location of the main conduit, and with the maxima of local bouguer and isostatic gravity anomalies. Analysis of the gravity anomaly surfaces indicates a substantial sub-surface intrusive complex containing> 615 km³ of intrusive material. Panama Rock trachyte dome can be seen to have been fed by a large dike of the radial dike swarm and a similar origin is inferred for the other intrusive trachyte domes. Akaroa Volcanic Group lavas have a mineralogy typical of alkaline volcanic associations, dominated by olivine, Ti-rich calcic clinopyroxene, titanomagnetite, plagioclase and apatite. Rare kaersutite megacrysts occur in evolved lavas, and per alkaline differentiates contain arfvedsonite and aenigmatite. Minor biotite and amphibole occur in coarse-grain basic lavas. Akaroa Volcanic Group lavas comprise a mildly to moderately (sodic) alkaline association, with a trend of moderate iron enrichment. Two end-member lineages are recognised: a dominant basalt-hawaiite-mugearite-benmoreite-trachyte lineage with ne-, hy- and qz-normative variants, and a basanite-nepheline hawaiitenepheline mugearite-nepheline benmoreite-phonolite lineage. Peralkaline differentiates are also recognised. The dominant lava type is hawaiite, rather than basalt, and most lavas have Mg numbers (100 X Mg²⁺ /Mg²⁺ +Fe²⁺) in the range 35-48, indicating that Akaroa Volcanic Group lavas do not represent primary magmas but have undergone significant high pressure fractionation. Geochemically, Akaroa Volcanic Group lavas form a comagmatic suite characterised by (i) A logarithmic decrease in MgO, TiO₂, Cr, Ni and V; (ii) A linear decrease in CaO and FeO; (iii) A linear increase in Na₂O, K₂O, Y, Nb, Rb, La, Ce, Nd, Ga, Pb, Th, and Ba; (iv) A complex variation in Al₂O₃; (v) A rapid increase in P₂O₅ and Sr followed by a rapid decrease; and (vi) An increase in REE abundances with increasing differentiation. These variations are consistent with evolution by fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene, titanomagnetite, plagioclase, apatite and possibly kaersutite. Lavas have linear, parallel, LREE-enriched REE patterns (CeN/YbN ≈ 7-9.5) indicative of magma generation by small degrees of partial melting of a garnet peridotite mantle source. Covariance of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd isotope ratios is consistent with derivation of Akaroa Volcanic Group magmas from a time-integrated, LREE-depleted mantle source, whereas Sm/Nd and Rb/Sr trace element ratios indicate a LREE-enriched source. Mantle enrichment processes prior to, or associated with, the melting event and/or very small degrees of partial melting (< 1%) are postulated to account for this dichotomy. Qz-normative felsic lavas have high ⁸⁷Sr /⁸⁶Sr isotope ratios, and high-level crustal contamination appears to be an important process in the evolution of these lavas.
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O'Connor, Barry M. "Studies in New Zealand Late Paleogene–Early Neogene Radiolaria." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2092.

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Radiolaria from Late Eocene to Early Miocene localities in New Zealand are detailed in a series of studies in an attempt to broaden our knowledge of New Zealand Late Paleogene-Early Neogene Radiolaria, and a new technique for investigating Radiolaria is described. Chapter One introduces the studies and the rationale behind each, details the history of radiolarian work in New Zealand, and provides discussion of several points that surfaced during the studies. The points discussed are: radiolarian literature; plate production; scanning electron micrographs versus transmitted light photomicrographs; skeletal terminology; systematic paleontology and the description of new species; radiolarian classification; usefulness of strewn slides. Each study constitutes a published in press, or in review paper and is presented as a chapter. As each chapter is able to stand alone, their abstracts are given below. The reference lists for each paper/chapter have been amalgamated into a master list at the end of the thesis and so do not appear at the end of each chapter: Chapter Two - Seven New Radiolarian Species from the Oligocene of New Zealand Abstract: Seven new radiolarian species from the Oligocene Mahurangi limestone of Northland, New Zealand, are formally described. They are: Dorcadospyris mahurangi (Trissocyclidae), Dictyoprora gibsoni, Siphocampe missilis, Spirocyrtis proboscis (Artostrobiidae), Anthocyrtidium odontatum, Lamprocyclas matakohe (Pterocorythidae), Phormocyrtis vasculum (Theoperidae). Chapter Three – New Radiolaria from the Oligocene and Early Miocene of Northland, New Zealand Abstract: Thirteen new radiolarian species, two new genera and one new combination from the Oligocene and early Miocene of Northland, New Zealand, are formally described - The species are – Heliodiscus tunicatus (Phacodiscidae), Rhopalastrum tritelum (spongodiscidae), Lithomelissa gelasinus, L. maureenae, Lophophaena tekopua (Plagiacanthidae), Valkyria pukapuka (Sethoconidae), Cyrtocapsa osculum, Lophocyrtis (Paralampterium)? inaequalis, Lychnocanium neptunei, Stichocorys negripontensis, Theocorys bianulus, T. perforalvus, T. puriri (Theoperidae); the genera are – Plannapus (Artostrobiidae) and Valkyria (Sethoconidae); the combination is Plannapus microcephalus (Artostrobiidae). Standardised terminology is proposed for internal skeletal elements and external appendages. Emendations are proposed for the family Artostrobiidae and the genera Heliodiscus, Lithomelissa and Cyrtocapsa. Heliodiscus, Cyrtocapsa and Lychnocanium are established as senior synonyms of Astrophacus, Cyrtocapsella and Lychnocanoma respectively. Chapter Four – Early Miocene Radiolaria from Te Kopua Point, Kaipara Harbour, New Zealand Abstract: Radiolaria from the Early Miocene Puriri Formation at Te Kopua Point in the Kaipara area, Northland, New Zealand are documented. Six new species are described - Spongotrochus antoniae (Spongodiscidae), Botryostrobus hollisi, Siphocampe grantmackiei, (Artostrobiidae), Carpocanium rubyae (Carpocaniidae), Anthocyrtidium marieae (Pterocorythidae) and Phormocyrtis alexandrae (Theoperidae). Carpocanium is established as the senior synonym of Carpocanistrum. Chapter Five – Radiolaria from the Oamaru Diatomite, South Island, New Zealand Abstract: Radiolaria from the world-famous Oamaru Diatomite are documented with 24 new species described and three new genera erected The new species are Tricorporisphaera bibula, Zealithapium oamaru (Actionommidae), Plectodiscus runanganus (Porodiscidae), Plannapus hornibrooki, P. mauricei, Spirocyrtis greeni (Artostrobiidae), Botryocella pauciperforata (Cannobotryidae), Carpocanopsis ballisticum (Carpocaniidae), Verutotholus doigi, V. edwardsi, V. mackayi (Neosciadiocapsidae), Lithomelissa lautouri, Velicucullus fragilis (Plagoniidae), Lamprocyclas particollis (Pterocorythidae), Artophormis fluminafauces, Eucyrtidium ventriosum, Eurystomoskevos cauleti, Lophocyrtis (L.) haywardi, Lychnocanium alma, L. waiareka, L. waitaki, Pterosyringium hamata, Sethochytris cavipodis and Thyrsocyrtis (T.?) pingusicoides (Theoperidae). The new genera are Tricorporisphaera, Zealithapium (Actinommidae), and Verutotholus (Neosciadiocapsidae). Emendations are proposed to the family Neosciadiocapsidae and the genus Eurystomoskevos, and Pterosyringium is raised from subgeneric to generic level. Radiolarian faunal composition confirms a Late Eocene age for the Oamaru Diatomite. Chapter Six – Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy: A New Technique for Investigating and Illustrating Fossil Radiolaria Abstract: Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), a technique newly applied to the study of fossil Radiolaria, offers the radiolarist clear views of single optical planes of specimens, unhindered by many of the optical effects of conventional light microscopy, while obviating the need to section or break specimens. Resulting images are of a clarity unsurpassed by conventional light microscopy and, as they are saved on computer, are easily viewed, manipulated, enhanced, measured and converted to hard copy. Used in conjunction with common radiolarian study methods CLSM is a powerful tool for gaining additional information with relatively little extra effort. Chapter Seven conveniently summarises taxonomic, stratigraphic and geographic data of all new taxa described, incorporating information gained from the studies and relevant literature. Appendices present the following: data pertaining to all illustrated specimens in this thesis from the University of Auckland Catalogue of Type and Figured Specimens; distribution of Radiolaria at Te Kopua Point; distribution of species and a species list for the Mahurangi Limestone.
Chapter 1 is included in 01front, along with pages 38,93, 130 for additional information. Chapter 2 + of the thesis is now published and subject to copyright restrictions.
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Rowan, Christopher James. "Neogene paleomagnetism and geodynamics of the Hikurangi margin, East Coast, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/41330/.

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Vertical-axis rotations are an important component of Neogene deformation in the New Zealand plate boundary region, and potentially offer fundamental insights into the rheology of continental crust. Extensive paleomagnetic sampling along the Hikurangi margin, on the East Coast of the North Island, has provided new insights into the patterns, rates and timings of tectonic rotation, and also an improved understanding of the magnetic signature of New Zealand Cenozoic mudstones. Rigorous field tests reveal numerous late remagnetizations, which haveoften formed several million years after deposition and can be irregularly distributed within an outcrop. Scanning electron microscopy and rock magnetic analyses indicate that the remanence carrier is predominantly the ferrimagnetic iron sulphide, greigite, which is present as a mixed population of single domain and superparamagnetic grains that are characteristic of arrested authigenic growth. Strong viscous overprints are the result of later, usually recent, oxidation of these sulphides. The recognition of late-forming magnetizations leads to a completely new view of the Neogene tectonic evolution of the Hikurangi margin, with no tectonic rotations being evident prior to 8–10 Ma; coherent rotation of most of the Hikurangi margin since that time refutes the existence of the independently rotating ‘domains’ that were inferred from earlier paleomagnetic data. This pattern is more consistent with the short-term velocity field, and allows all Neogene rotation to be more simply explained as a large-scale response to realignment of the subducting Pacific plate. Tectonic rotations have been accommodated by a variety of structures since 10 Ma; in the Late Miocene and Pliocene, rates of tectonic rotation were 3–4 times faster than presently observed and possibly involved a much larger region, before initiation of the North Island Dextral Fault Belt and the Taupo Volcanic Zone at 1-2 Ma instigated the current tectonic regime. Collision of the Hikurangi Plateau in the Late Miocene is interpreted to have caused both the initiation of tectonic rotation, and the widespread remagnetization of sediments, making it a key event in the Neogene evolution of the plate boundary region.
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Books on the topic "Intrusions (Geology) New Zealand"

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New Zealand geology. Wellington: Science Information Pub. Centre, Dept. of Scientific and Industrial Research, 1987.

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Leo, Gerhard W. Oliverian domes, related plutonic rocks, and mantling Ammonoosuc volcanics of the Bronson Hill anticlinorium, New England Appalachians. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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Stevens, Graeme R. Prehistoric New Zealand. Birkenhead, Auckland: Heinemann Reed, 1988.

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McCartan, Lucy. Possible relationship between seismicity and warm intrusive bodies in the Charleston, South Carolina, and New Madrid, Missouri, areas. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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Campbell, Hamish. In search of ancient New Zealand. North Shore, N.Z: Penguin Books, 2007.

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Gill, Maria. Eruption!: Discovering New Zealand volcanoes. Auckland, New Zealand: New Holland, 2012.

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New Zealand. Ministry of Economic Development. Explore New Zealand: Petroleum. Wellington, N.Z.]: Crown Minerals, Ministry of Economic Development, 2000.

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Moore, P. R. Geology of Kapiti Island, Central New Zealand. Lower Hutt, New Zealand: New Zealand Geological Survey, 1988.

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Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Limited., ed. Rocked and ruptured: Geological faults in New Zealand. Auckland, N.Z: Reed, in association with the Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Ltd., 1999.

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Minerals, New Zealand Ministry of Commerce Crown. New Zealand petroleum basins. Wellington, NZ: Crown Minerals, Ministry of Economic Development, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Intrusions (Geology) New Zealand"

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MacKinnon, T. C., and D. G. Howell. "Torlesse Turbidite System, New Zealand." In Frontiers in Sedimentary Geology, 223–28. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5114-9_33.

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Crouch, Erica M., Pi Suhr Willumsen, Denise Kulhanek, and Samantha Gibbs. "A Revised Palaeocene (Teurian) Dinoflagellate Cyst Zonation from Eastern New Zealand." In Springer Geology, 75–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04364-7_15.

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Valagussa, Andrea, Giovanni B. Crosta, Paolo Frattini, Stefania Zenoni, and Chris Massey. "Rockfall Runout Simulation Fine-Tuning in Christchurch, New Zealand." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 1913–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_339.

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Norris, Richard J., and Alan F. Cooper. "The Alpine Fault, New Zealand: Surface geology and field relationships." In A Continental Plate Boundary: Tectonics at South Island, New Zealand, 157–75. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/175gm09.

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Engl, Daniela Anna, Chris Massey, and Mauri McSaveney. "CrEAM Modelling of Groundwater-Triggered Landslide Acceleration at the Utiku Landslide (New Zealand)." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 583–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_96.

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Massey, C. I., M. J. MacSaveney, and L. Richards. "Characteristics of Some Rockfalls Triggered by the 2010/2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence, New Zealand." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 1943–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_344.

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McLean, M. C., M.-A. Brideau, and P. C. Augustinus. "Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation in Greywacke Rocks of the Tararua Range, North Island, New Zealand." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 2, 559–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09057-3_92.

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Upton, Phaedra, and Peter O. Koons. "Three-dimensional geodynamic framework for the central Southern Alps, New Zealand: Integrating Geology, Geophysics and Mechanical Observations." In A Continental Plate Boundary: Tectonics at South Island, New Zealand, 253–70. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/175gm13.

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Begg, John G., Katie E. Jones, Mark S. Rattenbury, David J. A. Barrell, Razel Ramilo, and Dick Beetham. "A 3D Geological Model for Christchurch City (New Zealand): A Contribution to the Post-earthquake Re-build." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 5, 881–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09048-1_171.

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Little, Timothy, Ruth Wightman, Rodney J. Holcombe, and Matthew Hill. "Transpression models and ductile deformation of the lower crust of the Pacific Plate in the central Southern Alps, A perspective from structural geology." In A Continental Plate Boundary: Tectonics at South Island, New Zealand, 271–88. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/175gm14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Intrusions (Geology) New Zealand"

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Sen, Gautam, Willis E. Hames, Dalim K. Paul, Sanjib K. Biswas, Arijit Ray, and Indra S. Sen. "Pre-Deccan and Deccan Magmatism in Kutch, India: Implications of New 40Ar/39Ar Ages of Intrusions." In Recent Studies on the Geology of Kachchh. Geological Society of India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/cgsi/2016/105422.

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Moore, Isabelle, Samuel J. Hampton, and Ben Kennedy. "MAKING GEOLOGY ENGAGING: INTEGRATING A SAND VOLCANO MODEL INTO THE NEW ZEALAND EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES CURRICULUM." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-320422.

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McLemore, Virginia T. "Geology and geochemistry of the mid-Tertiary alkaline to calc-alkaline intrusions in the northern Hueco Mountains and adjacent areas, McGregor Range, southern Otero County, New Mexico." In 53rd Annual Fall Field Conference. New Mexico Geological Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.56577/ffc-53.129.

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Huisman, Otto, and Arash Gharibi. "Change Detection Within Pipeline ROWs: Environmental Change Analysis Using High Resolution Satellite Imagery." In ASME 2015 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2015-8526.

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One of the major concerns for pipeline operators is to efficiently monitor the events happening over the pipeline corridor, or right-of-way (ROW). Monitoring of the ROW is an important part of ensuring the safe and efficient transportation of oil and gas. Events occurring within this zone require rapid assessment and, if necessary, mitigation. These events could be physical intrusions such as encroachment from growing settlements, impact of vegetation, pipeline leakage or geo-environmental hazards. Analysis of satellite imagery can provide an efficient and low cost solution to access and quantify change across the ROW. Examining these events over a periodic interval requires implementation of specific methods that can support the on-going monitoring and decision making practices. In this context, satellite remote sensing images can provide a low cost and efficient solution for monitoring the physical and environmental impacts over the ROW of pipeline system. This paper reports on the development of a methodological approach for environmental change analysis using high resolution satellite images that can help decision making in pipeline systems. Analysis results and maps produced during this work provide an insight into landcover change over the study area and expected to support in on-going pipeline management practices. Two methods, Vegetation index differencing and post classification comparison have been implemented to identify change areas in the Taranaki region of the North Island of New Zealand. Vegetation index differencing with NDVI shows increase or decrease of overall vegetation within the study area. Special focus was given on large area increase and decrease with area threshold value above 0.2 hectare. Detailed analysis of change was conducted with post classification comparison method that uses land cover classification results of year 2010 and 2013. An overall change of 10% has been observed throughout the study area with large area change of approximately 5%. Results obtained from post classification comparison method were further analyzed with 6 focus areas and compared with the existing soil data and rainfall data. The methods adopted during this study are expected to provide a base for environmental change analysis in similar pipeline corridors to support decision making.
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