Dissertations / Theses: 'Introduction'

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Günzel, Stephan, Michael Liebe, and Dieter Mersch. "Introduction." Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/4979/.

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Commendatore, Pasquale, Ingrid Kubin, Spiros Bougheas, Alan Kirman, Michael Kopel, and Gian Italo Bischi. "Introduction." Springer International Publishing AG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65627-4_1.

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This collected volume gives a concise account of the most relevant scientific results of the COST Action IS1104 "The EU in the new complex geography of economic systems: models, tools and policy evaluation", a four-year project supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). It is divided into three parts reflecting the different perspectives under which complex spatial economic systems have been studied: (i) the Macro perspective looks at the interactions among international or regional trading partners; (ii) the Meso perspective considers the functioning of (financial, labour) markets as social network structures; and, finally, (iii) the Micro perspective focuses on the strategic choices of single firms and households. This Volume points also at open issues to be addressed in future research.

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Ronström, Owe. "Introduction." Högskolan på Gotland, Avdelningen för Samhällsgeografi och etnologi, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-334.

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Legnér, Mattias, and Davide Ponzini. "Introduction." Högskolan på Gotland, Avdelningen för Kulturvård, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-286.

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Dillehay, Tom D. "Introduction." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113310.

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Harris, Victoria, Barbara Könczöl, and David Motadel. "Introduction." Sage, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35691.

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Migration and the mobility of people have long shaped societies across the world. In the modern period, rapid developments in technology and transport, most notably the invention of railways and steamers, ushered in an age of mass mobility. Europe stood at the very centre of these developments in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, experiencing migration, mobility and movement of peoples at an unprecedented rate. Over the twentieth century migration and mobility have significantly changed the social, economic and cultural landscape of Europe’s heartlands – Germany. The articles in this issue address these developments, telling the stories of people who crossed German borders.

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Schlote, Karl-Heinz, and Martina Schneider. "Introduction." Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Harri Deutsch, 2011. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A16270.

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Selfridge-Field, Eleanor. "Introduction." Allitera Verlag, 2016. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20955.

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Baker, Nicholas, and Brian Maxson. "Introduction." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6172.

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Reyna, Jose R. "Introduction." Mexican American Studies & Research Center, The University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624780.

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Garcia, Juan R. "Introduction." Mexican American Studies & Research Center, The University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624797.

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Garcia, Juan R. "Introduction." Mexican American Studies & Research Center, The University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624805.

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Garcia, Juan R. "Introduction." Mexican American Studies & Research Center, The University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624816.

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Garcia, Juan R., and Thomas Gelsinon. "Introduction." Mexican American Studies & Research Center, The University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624825.

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Gelsinon, Thomas. "Introduction." Mexican American Studies & Research Center, The University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624836.

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Garcia, Juan R. "Introduction." Mexican American Studies & Research Center, The University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624845.

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Fagelson, Marc A. "Introduction." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1605.

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Fagan, C., C. Irena Grugulis, M. Smith, and K. Ward. "Introduction." SAGE, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2611.

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The University of Manchester, England hosted the fourth Work, Employment and Society Conference, on 1¿3 September 2004. Previous WES conferences were held in Nottingham in 2001, Cambridge in 1998, and Canterbury in 1994. Two even earlier stages in the process of institutionalization were the first British Sociological Association conference on the theme of Work in 1984, and the launch of the Work, Employment and Society journal itself in 1987. Although the conference is a separately organized event, it has become de facto the conference of the WES journal.

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Braun, Joachim, and Kevin C. Karnes. "Editors' Introduction." Internationale Arbeitsgemeinschaft für die Musikgeschichte in Mittel- und Osteuropa an der Universität Leipzig, 2008. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15995.

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PINTO, RONALD COUTINHO. "INTRODUCTION TO COMBINATORICS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=24231@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Este trabalho possui o intuito de desmistificar a dificuldade encontrada por professores e alunos no ensino e aprendizagem do tópico análise combinatória. A razão que motivou este trabalho foi o fato de que boa parte dos professores de matemática do ensino médio e últimas séries do ensino fundamental consideram a Análise Combinatória como algo complicado de ser ensinado; além da questão das dificuldades de entendimento por parte dos alunos que são induzidos à memorização de fórmulas e a aplicação das mesmas à resolução dos exercícios para compreenderem tal conteúdo. Inicialmente apresentaremos alguns conceitos que servirão como auxílio para que o professor possa trabalhar nas atividades propostas a serem desenvolvidas juntamente com os alunos. E ao longo do trabalho iremos falar de alguns tópicos abordados pela análise combinatória sem, inicialmente, mencionarmos fórmulas que servem apenas para serem memorizadas. O mais importante é fazer o aluno trabalhar um problema sugerido através do roteiro e dos conceitos que serão propostos e ao final de alguns exercícios, quando tal aluno tiver entendido tal conceito, ser anunciado a ele que acabou de aprender e entender o conceito em questão, ao invés de memorizar um determinado exercício ou outro, pois sabemos que desta forma, quando o aluno deparar-se com um novo problema, não será capaz de solucioná-lo. Dessa maneira, elaborou-se um roteiro na solução dos exercícios, ou seja, uma forma do professor trabalhar qualquer atividade proposta que envolva problemas de contagem em sala de aula. Enfim, buscou-se com esse trabalho, apresentar aos docentes, estratégias eficientes que podem ser utilizadas para o ensino de combinatória e ajudar os alunos a compreenderem melhor os problemas de contagem utilizando o raciocínio lógico e de contagem.
This work has the intent to explain the difficulties found by teachers and student on teaching and learning combinatorics. The motivation of this work was the fact that most of the Mathematics Teachers of High School consider combinatorics as something complicated to be taught; contributing as well the fact that students are led to memorize the formulas and apply it on exercises so they can understand the subject. Initially we will show some concepts that will help the Teachers to work together with the students on the proposed activities. During the work, we will talk about Combinatorics topics without mentioning formulas that needs memorization only. The most important thing is to make the student work on a suggested problem following a guide and concepts shown and after finishing a few exercises, when the student will show the understanding of the concepts, the Teacher will tell him that he learned that concept, instead of memorizing a specific exercise. Because we know that not doing this, when this student faces a new problem, he will not be able to solve it. Thus it was elaborated a guide to solve exercises and that means a way that the Teacher can work with any proposed activity that has counting in it. Finally, it was sought with this work to show the scholars some efficient strategies that can be used on teaching Combinatorics and help the students to understand better the problems about counting, using logical reasoning and logical counting.

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Holt, Jim, and Josh Cusick-Lewis. "Introduction to Dermoscopy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6461.

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Schreiber, Gunhild Ursula. "Introduction to supersymmetry." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14358.

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Includes bibliographical references.
The tendency in theoretical physics, particularly in the past few decades, has been towards unification: over the years it has emerged that increasingly many physical phenomena can be explained by a common underlying theory. Symmetry principles, both global and local, play an important role in this unification programme. Global symmetries often account for approximate regularities we observe in nature - local or gauge symmetries are understood as basic symmetries which lie at the heart of the interactions of the constituents of matter.

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Takala, Sauli, and Bernd Voss. "Guest editors’ introduction." De Gruyter, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71280.

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This special issue of Language Learning in Higher Education is devoted to the field of language testing and assessment, an area often underrated in higher education, where other concerns tend to be more in the focus of attention. Our call for papers made clear that our aim was “to cover a wide range of interrelated themes, in theory and practice, such as assessment and self-assessment, formative and summative assessment, performance standards and standard setting, use and impact of tests, tailoring and developing tests for special purposes, backwash effects (desirable/undesirable), quality issues and ethical concerns. Also considered would be contributions dealing with programme assessment and evaluation . . .” In other words, we were inviting contributions from a wider range of perspectives than is often associated with this field. As a result, the 12 articles selected and presented here cover a rather wide variety of issues often more concerned with the users of language tests, i.e. with those who have to apply them, to develop them within their own institutional constraints, and to interpret and defend the results, than with full-time researchers talking to full-time researchers.

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Mitchell, Lorianne D. "Introduction to Personality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8338.

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Book Summary: A unique, non-traditional, Organizational Behavioral-oriented book that is geared toward flexible leadership, and that offers a series of funny, yet thought-provoking, motivating, growth-oriented jokes and humor anecdotes that will help readers tap into their internal locus of control.

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Bouchemousse, Sarah. "Dynamique éco-évolutive de deux ascidies congénériques et interfertiles, l'une indigène et l'autre introduite, dans leur zone de sympatrie." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066604/document.

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Les activités humaines sont à l’origine de profondes modifications de la distribution naturelle des espèces. Les introductions d’espèces sont en particulier à l’origine de contacts secondaires entre espèces non isolées reproductivement et ayant divergé en allopatrie. Cette situation est un cas d’étude particulièrement intéressant pour étudier des processus éco-évolutifs, tels que la coexistence d’espèces occupant de même niches écologiques ou les flux de gènes contemporains (i.e. hybridation et introgression) entre espèces indigènes et non-indigènes. Cette thèse s’est ainsi intéressée aux interactions écologiques et génomiques entre deux ascidies congénériques et interfertiles, Ciona robusta et Ciona intestinalis. Ces deux ascidies, abondantes dans les habitats portuaires, sont en sympatrie en Manche Occidentale suite à l’introduction récente de C. robusta (supposée originaire du Pacifique Nord-Ouest) dans l’aire de distribution naturelle de C. intestinalis. Par une étude de la distribution spatiale et temporelle (inter-saisonnière et inter- annuelle) des adultes des deux espèces et de la sédentarisation de leurs juvéniles, nous avons montré que les deux espèces coexistent de façon durable, au sein de communautés similaires, à l’échelle régionale. Elles vivent en syntopie dans la majorité des habitats portuaires étudiés, bien qu’il existe une importante dynamique saisonnière de leur abondance relative : C. robusta est surtout présente en fin d’été et en automne, et toujours en moindre abondance par rapport à sa congénère indigène. Cette syntopie, l’interfertilité des deux espèces et le synchronisme de leur maturité sexuelle indiquent un potentiel d’hybridation important entre les deux espèces. L’hybridation réalisée est pourtant faible, comme montré avec quatre marqueurs moléculaires diagnostiques des deux espèces, analysés sur plus de 3000 individus : seulement 4% des individus présentent des génotypes compatibles avec de l’hybridation ou de l’introgression. Ces résultats ont été complétés par une étude de génomique des populations (310 marqueurs SNPs et 450 individus collectés dans différents océans) : ils confirment que les flux de gènes interspécifiques sont très rares. Par ailleurs, les rares locus présentant du polymorphisme partagé montrent un taux d’introgression hétérogène, et l’introgression est également observée dans des localités où seule l’une des espèces existe (ex. côtes américaines et chiliennes). L’ensemble des résultats génétiques et génomiques indiquent que le flux de gènes interspécifique observé résulte d’introgressions anciennes (probablement au Pléistocène) et non contemporaines. Une dernière étude menée à l’échelle mondiale avec des marqueurs mitochondriaux a par ailleurs permis de montrer que les processus d’introduction de C. robusta diffèrent selon les régions d’introduction et pose la question du statut réellement non-indigène des deux espèces dans certaines régions. Ainsi, cette thèse a montré la (quasi)-absence d’hybridation actuelle entre C. robusta et C. intestinalis, en situation de syntopie. Elle ouvre des perspectives quant à l’étude des mécanismes d’isolement reproductif entre ces deux espèces. La question du devenir à long terme des deux espèces, qui par leur coexistence étroite sont en compétition, est posée. Cette compétition pourrait être modulée par leurs préférences environnementales et les changements climatiques en cours dans l’Atlantique Nord. Enfin, cette thèse illustre comment des processus contemporains et anciens interagissent pour façonner la distribution et l’évolution des espèces, la structure génétique de leurs populations et l’architecture de leur génome
Human activities severely alter species ranges that have been built on evolutionary time scales, and biological introductions promote secondary contacts between non-reproductively isolated species that were in allopatry. Such a situation is a very interesting case-study to examine eco-evolutionary processes, for instance coexistence between species sharing the same ecological niche or inter-specific gene flow (i.e. hybridization and introgression) between native and non-native species. This PhD thesis studied ecological and genomic interactions between two biologically similar, interfertile and congeneric tunicates, namely Ciona robusta and Ciona intestinalis. They are both abundant in harbours and marinas. They are sympatric in the Western English Channel because of the recent introduction of C. robusta (putatively native to Asia) in the natural range of C. intestinalis. Based on spatial and temporal (seasons and years) adult abundance data and examination of recruitment patterns of the two species, we showed that the two species are sustainably coexisting at a regional scale in Brittany, within similar communities. They live in syntopy in most of the study marinas. However, there are significant changes in their relative abundance through time: C. robusta is mostly present at the end of the summer and in the autumn, although always being less abundant than its native congener. Syntopy, interfertility between the two species and synchronous sexual maturity all indicated a high likelihood of hybridization between the two species. The realized hybridization is however very low, as shown by 4 species-diagnostic molecular markers genotyped over more than 3000 individuals: only 4% of the individuals displayed a genotype compatible with hybridization or introgression. This result has been confirmed with a population genomics study (310 SNPs; 450 individuals collected worldwide): inter-specific gene flow is very low. In addition, the few loci showing shared polymorphism displayed variable introgression rates and introgression was observed even in allopatric localities (where only one of the two species exists nowadays). Overall, the genetic and genomic results indicate that interspecific gene flow is most likely due to past introgression events (that may have occurred during the Pleistocene). Finally, a study carried out at a worldwide scale with two mitochondrial loci, showed that the introduction processes of C. robusta are different among the introduced regions. This study also questions the non-native status of the two Ciona species in some regions. This work showed the near absence of contemporary hybridization between C. robusta and C. intestinalis, even in syntopy, opening new research perspectives about the mechanisms preventing their reproduction in the wild. It also questions the fate of these two competing species; this competition may depend on the interaction between their specific environmental preferences and on on-going climatic changes in the North Atlantic. Altogether, this work illustrates the interplay between contemporary and past processes on species distribution and evolution, population genetic structure and genomic architecture

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Block, Aaron. "Quantum computation an introduction /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1468.

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Grimmelmann, James Taylor Lewis. "Quantum Computation: An Introduction." Thesis, Harvard University, 1999. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14485381.

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Self, Lance. "INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE AGENTS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607343.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
Software agents are application programs that perform duties in an autonomous fashion. These applications can be used to increase productivity, better use existing bandwidth, and improve present and future software application programs. By using existing established methods, and adding a layer of intelligence, software agents can add problem solving abilities to an application program.

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Joiner, Sandra Carol. "Charlotte Mew: An Introduction." TopSCHOLAR®, 1989. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1717.

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Charlotte Mew (1869-1928) published short stories, essays, and poetry between 1894 and the time of her death. She published a slim volume of poems in 1916, a few of which place her as one of the great English poets. Indeed, both Thomas Hardy and Virginia Woolf thought her one of the greatest living female poets. Mew is particularly interesting as a poet who was born in the Victorian period, published during the “decadent decade” of the nineties, throughout Edward’s reign, and well into the reign of George V. Although few of Mew’s poems are dated, there is a gradual yet continual change from her early work to her latest. In her work, Mew questions her relationship with God, nature and humanity. She asked questions asked by Emily Bronte, George Meredith, and Thomas Hardy. Like them, she was knowledgeable in the new science and believed in its results. She was a seeker for a workable philosophy on which to base her life, which she never fully found. It is both painful and fruitful to join her in her search through her works as she tries to come to terms with these issues.

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Dodd, Will. "Introduction to Med-Peds." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8926.

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Ledberg, Emil. "Introduction to rational billiards." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad matematik och statistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352389.

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Kravets, Y. A., and O. M. Horlatova. "Introduction to the nanoworld." Thesis, КНУТД, 2016. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5040.

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Broderick, Jane Tingle. "Introduction to Emergent Curriculum." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4230.

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Michael, Gary E. "Introduction to Quality Improvement." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6432.

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Kulhányová, Petra. "Introduction of Euro Inflation." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16387.

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Gentry, Howard Scott. "Introduction to the Symposium." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554186.

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Lacroix, Jean-Guy. "Introduction à Jacob Boehme." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1989. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5433/1/000589491.pdf.

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Whitehead, John T., and Steven P. Lab. "Juvenile Justice: An Introduction." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. http://amzn.com/B00TU4G0I8.

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Juvenile Justice: An Introduction, 8th edition, presents a comprehensive picture of juvenile offending, delinquency theories, and how juvenile justice actors and agencies react to delinquency. It covers the history and development of the juvenile justice system and the unique issues related to juveniles, offering evidence-based suggestions for successful interventions and treatment and examining the new balance model of juvenile court. This new edition not only includes the latest available statistics on juvenile crime and victimization, drug use, court processing, and corrections, but provides insightful analysis of recent developments, such as those related to the use of probation supervision fees; responses to gangs and cyber bullying; implementing the deterrence model (Project Hope); the possible impact of drug legalization; the school-to-prison pipeline; the extent of victimization and mental illness in institutions; and implications of major court decisions regarding juveniles, such as Life Without Parole (LWOP) for juveniles. Each chapter enhances student understanding with Key Terms, a "What You Need to Know" section highlighting important points, and Discussion Questions. Links at key points in the text show students where they can go to get the latest information, and a comprehensive glossary aids comprehension.
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Travis, Lawrence F., and Bradley D. Edwards. "Introduction to Criminal Justice." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. http://amzn.com/032329071X.

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This student-friendly introductory text describes the criminal justice process―outlining the decisions, practices, people, and issues involved. It provides a solid introduction to the mechanisms of the criminal justice system, with balanced coverage of the issues presented by each facet of the process, including a thorough review of practices and controversies in law enforcement, the criminal courts, and corrections.
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Byrd, Rebekah J. "Introduction to Play Therapy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/893.

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Play therapy techniques are expanding out of a need to provide effective, age appropriate and multicultural interventions to children and youth with behavioral, emotional, and environmental concerns. Traditional therapies which require verbalization have had limited application when working with children because of the language development of children (Carmicheal, 2006). School counselors work in a school system serving hundreds of students with limited time and resources to do so. With responsibilities and complex issues mounting, play therapy offers tried and true, concise, easy to use and implement techniques. Come learn about play therapy and basic play therapy skills!

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Marks, Lori J., and M. L. McMurray. "Introduction to BoardMaker Software." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3541.

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Bitter, James Robert. "Introduction to Adlerian Psychology." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5244.

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Schetzina, Karen E. "Introduction to Using CMS." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5030.

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Boethius, Thomsen Thörnqvist Christina. "Anicii Manlii Severini Boethii Introductio ad syllogismos categoricos critical edition with introduction, commentary, and indexes /." Gothenburg : University of Gothenburg, 2008. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/302315713.html.

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Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius Thomsen Thörnqvist Christina. "Anicii Manlii Severini Boethii "Introductio ad syllogismos categoricos" : critical edition with introduction, commentary, and indexes /." Göteborg : Acta universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9789173466127.

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Diss. Univ. Göteborg / Christina Thomsen Thörnqvist.
Lat. Originaltext mit engl. Einführung, Kommentar und Indices. Originaltitel: Introductio ad syllogismos categoricos / Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius. Bibliography: S. 169-172.

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Rosengren, Marina, and Anna Johansson. "Inskolning i förskolan : En kvalitativ studie om föräldrars upplevelser och pedagogers resonemang av inskolning i förskolan." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-7041.

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Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka likheter och skillnader i föräldrars upplevelser ochpedagogers resonemang kring inskolning av barn utan tidigare erfarenheter av denpedagogiska verksamheten i förskolan. Anledningen till undersökningen handlar om attbelysa de olika intressen och behov som kan finnas under inskolningsperioden.Undersökningen grundar sig på en kvalitativ ansats i form av sex intervjuer av trepedagoger verksamma inom förskolans verksamhet samt tre föräldrar som under detsenaste halvåret skolat in ett barn utan tidigare erfarenheter av den pedagogiskaverksamheten i förskolan. Materialet har utifrån ett fenomenografiskt perspektivanalyserats där fokus har legat i att finna eventuella skillnader och likheter irespondenternas upplevelser och resonemang kring fenomenet, inskolning. I resultatetframkom likheter i pedagogers resonemang och föräldrars upplevelser där samtligamenar att barnets trygghet är det primära målet för inskolningen. Det visar sig attföräldrars oro för barnets välbefinnande efter momentet av att lämna barnet kan utgöraett hinder vid barnets inskolning. I resultatet framkom det skillnader i pedagogersresonemang och föräldrars upplevelser kring förälderns roll under inskolningen.Pedagogerna ser föräldrars aktiva deltagande som en viktig del under inskolningenmedan föräldrarna ser sin roll mer som ett stöd för barnet under inskolningen tillförskolan. Det framkommer också ur resultatet att pedagogerna inte alltid genomför deinskolningsmodeller som finns framskrivna utan att de anpassas efter barnet,föräldrarnas, förskollärarnas eller verksamhetens behov. Studiens kunskapsbidrag harbetydelse för hur pedagoger kan utveckla kommunikationen mellan samtliga parterunder inskolningen. Kunskapsbidraget handlar också om att, för föräldrar ochpedagoger, öka kunskapen kring tre olika inskolningsmodeller samt att belysa de olikabehov och intressen som kan finnas under inskolningsperioden.
The aim of this study was to examine similarities and differences in parents’experiences and teachers reasoning of the introduction of children with no previousexperience of educational activities in preschool. The reason for this study is all abouthighlighting the different interests and needs that may exist during the introductionperiod. The survey is based on a qualitative approach in the form of six interviews withthree teachers working in preschool, and three parents who in the past six monthintroduced their child to preschool without any experience of the given topic. Thematerial have been analyzed with a phenomenographic perspective, where the focus hasbeen in finding differences and similarities in respondents experiences and reasoning ofthe phenomenon of children´s introduction to preschool. Finally, in the discussion, theempirical results are problematized with the literature that is presented in the sectionbackground. The result showed similarities in teachers reasoning and parentsexperiences where all think that the child´s security is the primary concern for theintroduction period. It turns out that parents concern for the child´s well-being after themoment of leaving the child can be a barrier to the child´s introduction. The resultrevealed differences in teachers reasoning and parents experiences of the parent's roleduring the child’s introduction. Teachers see parent`s active participation as animportant part during induction while parents see their role more as a moral support forthe child. It is also evident from the result that the teachers do not always follow theestablished introduction models. They seem to adapt the models in consideration to thechildren´s, parents, preschool teachers or the organization needs. The knowledge thatthis study contributes is important for how teachers can develop communicationbetween all parties during the child´s introduction to preschool. This study alsoincreases teachers and parents knowledge about three different introduction models andit highlights the different needs and interests that may exist during the induction period.

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47

Esfeld, Michael. "Philosophie des sciences : une introduction /." Lausanne : Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 2006. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9782880747312.

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48

Thomas, William Howard Fischer Ismor. "Introduction to real orthogonal polynomials /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School; Available from the National Technical Information Service, 1992. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA256448.

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49

Ödlund, Erika. "Virtual instrumentation: Introduction of virtual." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8316.

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The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the next large particle accelerator developed at CERN, constructed to enable studies of particles. The acceleration of the particles is carried out using magnets operating at about 1.9 K, a temperature achieved by regulating flow of superfluid helium. For economical reasons, control of the helium flow is based on feedback of virtual flow meter (VFT) estimates instead of real instrumentation.

The main purpose of this work is to develop a virtual flow meter with the possibility to estimate the flow by means of two different flow estimation methods; the Samson method that has previously been tested for the LHC, and the Sereg- Schlumberger method that has never before been implemented in this environment.

The virtual flow meters are implemented on PLCs using temperature and pressure measurements as input data, and a tool for generating the virtual flow meters and connect them to the appropriate physical instrumentation has also been developed.

The flow through a valve depends, among others, on some pressure and temperature dependent physical properties that are to be estimated with high accuracy. In this project, this is done by bilinear interpolation in twodimensional tables containing physical data, an approach that turned out to be more accurate than the previously used method with polynomial interpolation.

The flow measurement methods have been compared. Since they both derive from empirical studies rather than physical relations it is quite futile to find theoretical correspondencies, but the simulations of the mass flows can be compared. For low pressures, the results are fairly equal but they differ more for higher pressures. The methods have not been validated against true flow rates since there were no real measurements available before the end of this project.

Le Grand Collisionneur de Hadrons (Large Hadron Collider, LHC) est le prochain grand accélérateur de particules du CERN, construit pour permettre l’étude des particules. L’accélération des particules sera réalisée en utilisant des aimants supraconducteurs qui fonctionneront à 1.9 K et la température sera régulée en contrôlant le débit d’hélium superfluide. Pour des raisons économiques, la régulation du débit d’hélium sera basée sur les réponses des estimations des débitmètres

virtuels (Virtual flow meters, VFT) au lieu d’instrumentation réelle.

Le but principal de ce projet est de développer un débitmètre virtuel qui estimera le débit avec deux méthodes différentes ; la méthode Samson qui a déjà été mise en oeuvre pour le LHC, et la méthode Sereg-Schlumberger qui n’a pas encore été implémentée dans cet environnement.

Les débitmètres virtuels seront implémentés sur des PLCs avec des mesures de température et de pression comme données d’entrée. De plus, un outil pour générer les débitmètres et les relier avec l’instrumentation physique adéquat a été développé.

Le débit à travers d’une vanne dépend entre autres des propriétés physiques qui dépendent à leur tour de la température et de la pression. Ces propriétés devront être estimées avec une grande précision. Dans ce projet, cela est fait en appliquant une interpolation bilinéaire dans des tableaux de deux dimensions. Cette méthode s’est montrée plus précise qu’avec une méthode d’interpolation polynomiale.

Les deux méthodes de mesures de débit ont été comparées. Elles dérivent toutes les deux des études empiriques et non physiques, alors les similarités théoriques sont donc peu pertinentes, mais les résultats des simulations des débits peuvent être comparés. Pour des pressions basses, les méthodes sont quasiment équivalentes, mais les différences sont plus importantes pour les pressions plus hautes. Étant donné qu’il n’y avait pas de mesures disponibles avant la fin de ce projet, les méthodes n’ont pas été validées avec des débits réels.

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50

KOJIMA, Hideo. "Introduction to Alan Fogel's Article." 名古屋大学教育学部, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3690.

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