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1
Lowry, Orla Mary. "Belfast intonation : testing the ToBI framework of intonational analysis." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370089.
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Selting, Margret. "Question intonation revisited : the intonation of conversational questions." Universität Potsdam, 1994. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4317/.
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Content:
1. Introduction
2. Aim and approach of the present analysis
3. Non-restrictive 'open' conversational questions
4. More restrictive "narrower" questions
5. "Deviant cases"
6. Conclusions
3
Féry, Caroline, Sam Hellmuth, Frank Kügler, and Jörg Mayer. "Phonology and intonation." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2221/.
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The encoding standards for phonology and intonation are designed to facilitate consistent annotation of the phonological and intonational aspects of information structure, in languages across a range of prosodic types. The guidelines are designed with the aim that a nonspecialist in phonology can both implement and interpret the resulting annotation.
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Birgestam, Jonas. "Kan intonation mätas?" Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för musik, pedagogik och samhälle, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-1237.
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Peters, Jörg. "Intonation deutscher Regionalsprachen." Berlin : de Gruyter, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb414705751.
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Flynn, Choi-Yeung-Chang. "Intonation in Cantonese." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2001. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28518/.
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This thesis develops a system for describing intonation in Cantonese, a language having six phonological tones employing both pitch and slope. It analyses the utterance intonation contour into major intonation units, intonation units and feet. It defines what criteria those units meet and how they relate to each other. The intonation contours, constructed with a string of lexical tones, are described in terms of prosodic units which separate themselves in terms of pitch height and pitch span. The demarcation of the units is an innovation of the thesis. The different F0 values of identical phonological tones in an utterance are found to be in gradual descent if they are within an intonation group, and an intonation group is depicted more clearly when the two fitted lines which cover the top and the bottom are parallel and declined. A major intonation group is the largest prosodic unit in utterances. It is decided by a larger size of resetting of pitch span. An intonation group and a major intonation group each represent a unit of information which is semantically and syntactically coherent. The most prominent syllable in an intonation group is the tonic. An acoustic analysis of all possible combinations of the lexical tones of disyllabic and trisyllabic tonal sequences shows that tonal coarticulation is an important factor in modifying the F0 contours. The modification can affect both the pitch height and the slope of the F0 contours, and is also realised in both anticipatory and carryover effects. Prominence is examined, both at the level of words and of utterances, and a description of its prosodic parameters is developed with supporting evidence from the discussion of tonics.
7
Grice, Martine. "The intonation of interrogation in Palermo Italian : implications for intonation theory /." Tübingen : M. Niemeyer, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357846921.
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Ghinda, Elena. "Intonation Structure And Intonation In Svo And Ovs Sentences In Spoken Russian." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611423/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine the difference between SVO and OVS sentences in spoken Russian, which is a language with flexible word order although the basic order is SVO. Two experiments were conducted to understand the nature of intonation. Experiment 1 shows that the Subject appears as kontrast in OVS
sentences, and as background in SVO sentences. The F0 curve rises in the Object position when the Subject is kontrast in OVS sentences.
The analysis of the results of Experiment 2 shows that the initial element of the sentence plays an important role in intonation. When it is kontrasted, it always has higher (Hz) frequency pitch accent than the final element. There is no difference
between SVO and OVS sentences in this respect because the initial element has high pitch accent, whether it is the Subject or the Object. The verb has no pitch accent and it has a flat intonation regardless of the WO of the sentence (SVO, OVS).
9
Besana, Sveva 1971. "Towards an analysis of Turinese Italian intonation and theoretical implications for intonational phonology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9350.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 90).
Digitized data of a northern variety of Standard Italian declarative statements', yes/no questions' and wh-questions' was collected to describe a partial grammar of intonational morphemes in the language and provide an analysis for the utterances. Two major theories of intonational phonology are outlined and tested against the data. It is shown how Pierrehumbert's autosegmental theory best captures the data presented here with respect to intonation patterns at the boundaries. Evidence for the existence of a L, and a LH tone is put forward. In particular, it is proposed that, on the one hand, when LH tones map onto prominent syllables of/Dei they are followed by a L- phrase tone in declaratives and a Hphrase tone in yes/no interrogatives; on the other hand when the LH tones map onto prominent syllables of topics they are always followed by a H- phrase tone. Finally, the unstable mapping of the LH tone onto the FO contour found here is considered against current notions of alignment.
by Sveva Besana.
S.M.
10
Duvivier, R. T. "Lecture discourse and intonation." Thesis, University of Kent, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335928.
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Ishihara, Shinichiro 1973. "Intonation and interface conditions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17020.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 179-184).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The thesis presents a theoretical and experimental investigation of the interaction between focus intonation pattern (FIP) and certain syntactic phenomena-especially those involving wh-questions-in Japanese. A phonological mechanism of FIP formation is proposed that accounts for the variety of FIPs observed in various syntactic configurations. In the FIPs of Japanese wh-questions, the F0 of wh-phrases is raised, and the F0 of following phrases is lowered. There is a correlation between the domain of Fo-lowering and the scope of the wh-phrase. In a matrix wh-question, Fo-lowering after the wh-phrase continues until the end of the sentence, while in the case of an indirect wh-question, it stops at the end of the embedded clause. I account for this FIP- Wh-scope correspondence as follows. A pair of phonological rules is proposed that manipulate the prominence relations between semantically focalized phrases and post-focus phrases. These rules apply cyclically during the course of syntactic derivations, rather than waiting until the whole sentence is syntactically composed. Adopting the Multiple Spell-Out analysis (Chomsky, 2000, 2001b), I propose that the phonological rules for FIP formation apply to Spell-Out domains, rather than to a whole sentence. This proposal departs from previous analyses of FIP in Japanese (Truckenbrodt, 1995; Selkirk, 2003; Sugahara, 2003) in two respects: (1) it does not refer to prosodic phrasing; and (2) it is based on a cyclic model instead of a single-output model. The analysis makes the following prediction: if there are two wh-phrases that take different scopes in a single sentence, two independent FIPs will be created at different Spell-Out domains. This prediction was tested instrumentally. The results show that such a pitch contour is possible, and confirms other predictions as well.
by Shinichiro Ishihara.
Ph.D.
12
Heusinger, Klaus von. "Intonation and information structure." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10519016.
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Marek, Bogusław. "The pragmatics of intonation /." Lublin : Red. wyd. KUL, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355105800.
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Cooper, Sarah. "Intonation in Anglesey Welsh." Thesis, Bangor University, 2015. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/intonation-in-anglesey-welsh(3044742c-576d-4081-9e3b-865f7ba06e47).html.
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This thesis investigates the intonation system of Anglesey Welsh, an under researched variety with regards to its suprasegmental aspects. The main aim of this thesis is to provide a fine-grained intonational investigation into the realisation of the structural components of the intonation system. The secondary aim considers a functional hypothesis proposed by Haan (2002), that there may be a trade-off between the amount of lexicosyntactic marking used to cue interrogativity (e.g. inversion, wh-words) and the amount of intonational marking (e.g. higher and later accent peaks). With regards to the phonetic realisation of the structural elements, two features are investigated: the vertical scaling (or height) and the temporal alignment to the segmental string. The materials were manipulated to test the effect that a) grammatical function and b) temporal constraints had on the scaling and alignment of the structural components. The results show that the scaling (height) was significantly affected by the grammatical function of the test sentences, with the structural components in questions being realised higher than statements. With regards to alignment, there was evidence of significant adjustments in the location of some structural components as a function of the number of syllables available in the sentence. The final part of this thesis discusses issues surrounding a phonological analysis of the intonation system using the scaling and alignment data. It is proposed that Anglesey Welsh questions and statements are best analysed as having a rising L+H* in both prenuclear and nuclear position, followed by a low boundary tone L%. This thesis contributes to knowledge on prosodic typology by analysing the structure and function of the intonation system using a widely used approach to intonational analysis (the autosegmental-metrical approach). Furthermore, it tests questions about the phonetic implementation of intonation in Anglesey Welsh and uses the patterning to discuss an appropriate underlying phonological representation of the intonation.
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Armstrong, Meghan Elizabeth. "The development of yes-no question intonation in Puerto Rican Spanish." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345565869.
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Asher, Nicholas, and Brian Reese. "Intonation and discourse : biased questions." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1939/.
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This paper surveys a range of constructions in which prosody affects discourse function and discourse structure.We discuss English tag questions, negative polar questions, and what we call “focus” questions. We postulate that these question types are complex speech acts and outline an analysis in Segmented Discourse Representation Theory (SDRT) to account for the interactions between prosody and discourse.
17
Denckla, Benjamin Frederick 1973. "Dynamic intonation for synthesizer performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61095.
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Verhoeven, J. W. M. "Perceptual aspects of Dutch intonation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20265.
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The experimental work reported in this dissertation is aimed at investigating the perceptual relevance of pitch movement alignment to the characterization of the hat pattern, which is one of the most frequently used intonation patterns in Dutch. After a general discussion of the theoretical issues involved, the alignment of rising pitch movements in the hat pattern is examined by means of a 2AX discrimination experiment and associated labelling task. The results of these experiments provide no indication of a reliable discrimination of rise-alignment, nor do they provide evidence that the hat pattern is categorized on the basis of rise-alignment differences. Subsequently, the discrimination of falling pitch movements in the same intonation pattern is investigated. The results of this experiment are compatible with a categorization of falling movements in terms of an early and a late category. On the basis of these findings it is concluded that the precise location of the falls is relevant to the perceptual identity of the hat pattern. The specification of rise-alignment, however, is not relevant in this perspective. Finally, the just noticeable difference of both rise and fall-alignment is established by a discrimination experiment, which shows a differential discrimination threshold for both types of pitch movements. This threshold difference is accounted for in terms of pyscho-acoustic and linguistic factors. Two follow-up studies confirm this finding, but rules out some of the psycho-acoustic hypotheses.
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Underriner, Janne Lynne. "Intonation and syntax in Klamath /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3055718.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 268-280). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Di, Cristo Albert. "De la microprosodie à l'intonosyntaxe /." Aix en Provence : Marseille : Université de Provence ; diff. J. Lafitte, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37404447r.
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Jannedy, Stefanie, and Norma Mendoza-Denton. "Structuring information through gesture and intonation." Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/877/.
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Face-to-face communication is multimodal. In unscripted spoken
discourse we can observe the interaction of several "semiotic layers",
modalities of information such as syntax, discourse structure, gesture,
and intonation. We explore the role of gesture and intonation in structuring and aligning information in spoken discourse through a study of the co-occurrence of pitch accents and gestural apices.
Metaphorical spatialization through gesture also plays a role in conveying the contextual relationships between the speaker, the government and other external forces in a naturally-occurring political speech setting.
22
Ishihara, Shinichiro. "Intonation of sentences with an NPI." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2449/.
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This paper presents the results of a production experiment on the intonation of sentences containing a negative polarity item (NPI) in Tokyo Japanese. The results show that NPI sentences exhibit a focus intonation: the F₀-peak of the word to which an NPI is attached is raised, while the pitch contour after the NPI-attached word is compressed until the negation. This intonation pattern is parallel to that of wh-question, in which the F₀ of the wh-phrase is raised while the post-wh-contour is compressed until the question particle.
23
Hara, Yurie. "Question intonation and lexicalized bias expression." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/1032/.
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This paper examines the interaction between
different utterance types and the
Japanese modal particle darou, and proposes
that the decision-theoretic semantics
accounts for the interaction among darou,
sentence types and intonation.
24
Taylor, Paul Alexander. "A phonetic model of English intonation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26991.
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This thesis proposes a phonetic model of English intonation which is a system for linking the phonological and F0 descriptions of an utterance. It is argued that such a model should take the form of a rigorously defined formal system which does not require any human intuition of expertise to operate. It is also argued that this model should be capable of both analysis (F0 to phonology) and synthesis (phonology to F0). Existing phonetic models are reviewed and it is shown that none meet the specification for the type of formal model required. A new phonetic model is presented that has three levels of description: the F0 level, the intermediate level and the phonological level. The intermediate level uses the three basic elements of rise, fall and connection to model F0 contours. A mathematical equation is specified for each of these elements so that a continuous F0 contour can be created from a sequence of elements. The phonological system uses H and L to describe high and low pitch accents, C to describe connection element and B to describe the rises that occur at phrase boundaries. A fully specified grammar is described which links the intermediate and F0 levels. A grammar is specified for linking the phonological and intermediate levels, but this is only partly complete due to problems with the phonological level of description. A computer implementation of the model is described. Most of the implementation work concentrated on the relationship between the intermediate level and the F0 level. Results are given showing that the computer analysis system labels F0 contours quite accurately, but is significantly worse than a human labeller. It is shown that the synthesis system produces artificial F0 contours that are very similar to naturally occurring F0 contours. The thesis concludes with some indications of further work and ideas on how the computer implementation of the model could be of practical benefit in speech synthesis and recognition.
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Govender, Natasha. "Intonation modelling for the Nguni languages." Diss., Pretoria : [S.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10192007-145737/.
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Hasan, Aveen Mohamed. "Kurdish intonation with reference to English." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573123.
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The importance of intonation has been unanimously agreed-upon amongst Kurdish llinguists. However, there is no detailed description of Kurdish intonation and its interaction with other prosodic and segmental features. This thesis is a first attempt to provide a comprehensive description of the intonation system of one of-the most widely spoken lv" ' varieties of Kurdish, namely, Northern Kurmanji (NK) within the framework of Autosegmental-metrical phonology (AM). The goals are to identify the prosodic structure and intonational patterns ofNK and the association and alignment of these patterns with the segmental material. Furthermore, it aims at examining the effects of some phonetic parameters on their alignment and exploring cross-utterance and cross-speaker intonational variations and intonational meaning as well. The study is mainly centred on recordings of read speech which consists of experimentally designed sentences, focus dialogues and a short story. The data is produced by 30 NK native speakers who are undergraduate and staff at the University of Duhok. The recordings were carried out at the University of Duhok using PRAA T. The data were phonetically and prosodically annotated in adaptation of the ToBI system to prepare the material for paradigmatic and syntagmatic comparisons. The results indicate that the prosodic structure of NK consists of two prosodic constituents, namely the phonological word (PW) and the intonation phrase (lP). These constituents delimit the application of different language-specific phonological processes. Additionally, it is also shown that the tonal events in NK mark prominence and demarcate JP-boundaries. Four pitch accents: L *H, LH*, H*L & HL * and four boundary tones: 0%, L %, H% & LH% are recognised for NK. The results also prove that Kurdish is a postlexical pitch accent language and it is a stress-accent language in which tonal and non-tonal features are used to indicate prominence. In addition, it is found that the tonal patterns differ in their association and alignment and are affected by phonetic features in different ways.
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Haile, Alemayehu. "An autosegmental approach to Amharic intonation." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510899.
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The central purpose of this thesis is to present a detailed account of the intonation of Amharic. The model adopted for this is that of the Autosegmental Phonology and in particular deriving- considerable inspiration from the work of Pierrehumbert (1980). In the description, intonational features are represented as well ordered sequences of static tones on a separate tier from the segments. The segmental and the autosegmental tiers are associated following principles given by the Universal Association Convention and the language particular rules. To spell out the association principles, the lexical category and the word-group (or phrase) stress rules have been investigated. The former predicts the lexically stressable syllable within the category stem. The stressable syllable is the only one that may be associated with the pitch accent, (i. e., the stress-related melody). The phrase accent is usually associated with the last syllable of the penultimate word or follows the last pitch accent within the intonational phrase. A number of contour type: meaning correlates are identified for Amharic and they are analysed to reveal certain 'basic features. Each of these basic features is shown to be capable of modification by varying the value(s) of the constituent tones. There are some intonational features in Amharic which do not have counterparts in English. The quotative contour provides an example and it requires a device not fully available in a model devised particularly to handle the features of English. Associating two starred tones, i. e. pitch accents with a single tone-bearing-unit, and allowing bitonal boundary tones are among the modifications on tonal representations which are proposed in this thesis
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Park, Micah William. "Teaching Intonation Patterns through Reading Aloud." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/267.
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This study investigated whether East Asian learners of English (n=8) studying in the US acquired more accurate intonation patterns (compared to native-speaker norms) after receiving five weeks of tutoring focusing on four basic intonation patterns (definite statements, wh-questions, yes/no questions, and tag questions) and using oral reading as the primary practice technique. The study also assessed the students' affective reaction to the teaching method through interviews. The study found that the learners significantly improved their intonational accuracy (based on the judgments of three native speakers who listened to single-sentence recordings [n=868] from questionnaires, exit interviews, and pre- and post-tests) and that they were generally amenable to the teaching technique.
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Barlow, John Stephen. "Intonation and second language acquisition : a study of the acquisition of English intonation by speakers of other languages." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3873.
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In the field of second language acquisition (SLA) research, the study of intonation, and prosodic systems generally, suffers from a considerable under-representation.This has far-reaching consequences. From the large body of empirical work on various aspects of SLA over the last three decades, a great deal has been turned to pedagogical use. Indeed, the field of SLA is closely linked to that of language pedagogy, as the dual acquisition theoretical and pedagogical character of many current journals and conferences shows.However, the mutually nourishing relationship between SLA research and language teaching suffers if either component is inadequate.In the case of intonation, this is exactly the case. At a time when the processes of SLA are under analysis from a wide range of linguistic, psychological and sociolinguistic perspectives, relatively little is known, even on a simple descriptive level, about the acquisition of intonation. There is no body of studies of L2 intonational form comparable, for example, to the 'morpheme studies' or to studies of 'developmental sequences' which informed much thinking in the field in the 1970s and 1980s (see Ellis 1994, Ch.3); no substantial body of work, that is, which might form the basis of further research.The present study aims to contribute to current knowledge on the acquisition of intonational form in second languages. It seeks to provide a detailed account of how certain aspects of L2 English intonation develop, both in terms of their phonetics, and also in terms of the linguistic and discoursal ends to which they are put. The study is divided into two parts:Part One: in which the theoretical and descriptive bases of the study are established. It deals first with aspects of intonational form in English, describing in detail the prosodic systems which are employed to mark various aspects of informational structure within the spoken language, and also considers briefly the current state of language teaching in these areas (Chapter One). Then a review of research into the acquisition of sound systems in second languages is presented, looking particularly at intonational form and other aspects of prosodic production and perception (Chapter Two).Part Two: in which the experiments which have been undertaken as part of this study are presented. Firstly, the procedural and analytical aspects of these experiments will be described (Chapter Three). The findings will then be presented and discussed (Chapters Four to Seven). Finally, findings will be summarised and some general conclusions drawn (Chapter Eight).
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Radel, Marianne. "Acquisition of second language intonation : an emperical study on the realization of Spanish intonation by non-native speakers /." Norderstedt : Books on Demand GmbH, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/590294725.pdf.
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Patil, Umesh, Gerrit Kentner, Anja Gollrad, Frank Kügler, Caroline Féry, and Shravan Vasishth. "Focus, word order and intonation in Hindi." Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4611/.
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A production study is presented that investigates the effects of word order and information structural context on the prosodic realization of declarative sentences in Hindi. Previous work on Hindi intonation has shown that: (i) non-final content words bear rising pitch accents (Moore 1965, Dyrud 2001, Nair 1999); (ii) focused constituents show greater pitch excursion and longer duration and that post-focal material undergoes pitch range reduction (Moore 1965, Harnsberger 1994, Harnsberger and Judge 1996); and (iii) focused constituents may be followed by a phrase break (Moore 1965). By means of a controlled experiment, we investigated the effect of focus in relation to word order variation using 1200 utterances produced by 20 speakers. Fundamental frequency (F0) and duration of constituents were measured in Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) and Object-Subject-Verb (OSV) sentences in different information structural conditions (wide focus, subject focus and object focus). The analyses indicate that (i) regardless of word order and focus, the constituents are in a strict downstep relationship; (ii) focus is mainly characterized by post-focal pitch range reduction rather than pitch raising of the element in focus; (iii) given expressions that occur pre-focally appear to undergo no reduction; (iv) pitch excursion and duration of the constituents is higher in OSV compared to SOV sentences. A phonological analysis suggests that focus affects pitch scaling and that word order influences prosodic phrasing of the constituents.
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Meyer, Hwa-Soon. "A computer system to improve violin intonation /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1993. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/1154319x.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1993.Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Robert Pace. Dissertation Committee: Harold Abeles. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-45).
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Woods, Nicola J. "Sociolinguistic patterns in English pitch and intonation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334882.
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Ahmad, K. A.-M. "Intonation of a Gulf Arabic dialect : Zubairi." Thesis, University of Reading, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376823.
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Jeidani, Mahmoud. "Increasing phonological awareness : a discourse intonation approach." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/46774/.
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This research was conducted for the purpose of assessing the practicality of introducing the Discourse Intonation theory in the Language Institute of Al-Baath University, Syria. Using a case study tradition, the various features of the theory were presented over a number of sessions, thus providing the participants of the study, being advanced teacher-learners, with a thorough treatment of these features for the purpose of examining their cognitive and affective reception of each of these features. The final purpose was to see if these participants would be able to pedagogically deal with these features and find them relevant to their own self-development, as well as to see if the Discourse Intonation theory is seen, from a teaching point of view, to have a place at the Language Centre. The results were encouraging. When the participants sat the course, they found it difficult sometimes to grasp some of the rules, and they also encountered some occasional difficulty in doing listening and speaking tasks, although this difficulty was not consistent, and often differed from one feature to the other. Although the participants managed to demonstrate at least a basic understanding of the rules stated in the course, they were less consistent in their ability to explicitly describe how the new rules would relate to the English language in general terms. However, the findings were promising because they contained evidence to the effect that the participants‘ thinking of intonation was stimulated, and their critical reception of DI meant that they had already taken the first step towards actively benefiting from the course, thus redefining the meaning of ‗benefit‘ when it comes to instruction on intonation. This optimism is further supported by the fact that three participants thought that the theory would deserve a place for an explicit treatment at Language Institute. This is implied by the various recommendations that the participants suggested for successfully approaching the teaching of Discourse Intonation. The suggested approach, characterized by anticipating learning difficulties and thinking of solutions, indicates an actively critical perspective and a wellinformed position which, with its positive evaluation of the place of this theory in pedagogy, shows advances on the many negative teacher attitudes expressed in the literature. The research, departing from these findings, offered some suggestions for both further teaching and further research on the teachability of Discourse Intonation, in the hope of having gone a step further in our understanding of the relationship of Discourse Intonation to pedagogy.
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Hewings, Martin John. "The English intonation on non-native speakers." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511650.
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It is widely assumed, first, that errors of English intonation by learners represent a significant barrier to effective communication and, second, that these errors result from differences between the intonation systems of English and the learners' mother tongues. However, little work has been done to establish the extent of the errors, their characteristics, or their origin. This study compares intonation in a corpus of recordings from 12 adult native-speaker informants and 12 adult learners of English, four each from Korea, Greece and Indonesia. The main data analysed are 24 parallel readings of a scripted dialogue. Findings are checked against intonation choices in samples of spontaneous speech from the same informants. The descriptive and interpretative apparatus used is the "discourse intonation" model outlined in Brazil (1985a). Comparison focuses on the functional oppositions recognised in this model, realised in the systems of prominence, tone, key and termination. Excluded from the comparison are the phonetic implementation of these categories, such as the typical shape of falling or rising tones, and other non-systemic features. The main findings of the study are that the native and non-native informants generally make the same intonation choices to achieve the same communicative goals. Differences are seen to arise from the non-natives' lack of proficiency in English, their lack of awareness of the role of intonation in social conventions, and the influence of prior teaching. Implications of these findings for teaching intonation are discussed.
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Alzaidi, Muhammad Swaileh A. "Information structure and intonation in Hijazi Arabic." Thesis, University of Essex, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.653066.
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There is irrefutable evidence that many languages use intonation to express the aspects of the information structure of an utterance. Recently evidence has emerged that languages differ in how information structure (IS) is marked intonationally. This thesis presents experimental work on the prosodic encoding of Information Focus and Contrastive Focus (aspects of IS, that is, concepts relating to the distribution of 'new' and 'contrast' information) in Hijazi Arabic (an under-researched language). It provides both a phonetic and a phonological analysis of the experimental data, the latter couched in Autosegmental-Metrical Approach. It aims to (i) provide an analysis of the word order in Hijazi Arabic (HA) and how it is used to express IS, and (ii) provide an in-depth and systematic analysis of the ways that intonation is used both phonologically and phonetically to encode neutral focus, information focus, in-situ contrastive focus and ex-situ contrastive focus in four focus structures: sentence-focus, predicate-focus, argument-focus and focus-preposing structure. Based on insights from recent research, we propose two categories of Focus: information focus and contrastive focus. We show how these categories are reflected in HA word order and in intonation. The results show that intonation and not word order is crucial and useful in identifying the focus of the HA utterance. They show that focus has local and global effects on the utterance. Focus attracts the nuclear pitch accent, and compresses the pitch accent(s) of the following word(s). Excursion size and the maximum Fa are found to be the two main acoustic correlates of prosodic focus in HA. Focused words have significantly expanded excursion size, post-focus words have significantly lowered Fa, but pre-focus words lack systematic changes.
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Asu, Eva Liina. "The phonetics and phonology of Estonian intonation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284035.
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Baumann, Stefan. "The intonation of givenness : evidence from German /." Tübingen : M. Niemeyer, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40222520q.
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Barto, Karen Anne. "Mandarin Speakers' Intonation in their L2 English." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347161.
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In the field of second language acquisition, a great deal of work has been done on first (L1) to second language (L2) transfer of linguistic patterns from various levels of language, ranging from syntactic (i.e., Clahsen & Felser, 2006; Dussias, 2003; Nicol et al., 2001) and lexical (i.e. Jiang, 2004; Kroll & Tokowicz, 2001) to sound patterns at the segmental level (i.e. Flege, 1987; Flege & McKay, 2004; see work of Flege and colleagues). However, an area that has previously received less attention is that of L2 intonation, especially that of native speakers of a non-intonation language (some exceptions: Chen, 2007; McGory, 1997; Nguyen et al., 2008). The present study seeks to fill that gap, considering the L2 English intonation patterns of native speakers of Mandarin, a tone language. This work was approached from an experimental phonetic perspective, though it draws from theoretical work on intonation of both phonological and phonetic nature (intonational phonology of Ladd, 2008; see work of Ladd and colleagues, and PENTA of Xu & Xu, 2005; see work of Xu and colleagues). A series of production experiments was undertaken with native English speakers as a control group, and Mandarin speakers of higher proficiency (university students in America). Experiments treated stress patterns at the lexical level through production of target items in narrow focus, as well as treating the changes seen in such target items at different intonational points in sentences, elicited in a broad focus production experiment. In addition, the intonational patterns of questions vs. statements and contrastive focus were investigated. Because Mandarin is a lexical tone language, its speakers may tend to produce lexical items similarly regardless of their intonational situation, implementing a sort of lexical tonal transfer strategy. Even lexical tone languages have complementary intonation patterns, however, and these may also be transferred to English (Chen, 2007; Gussenhoven, 2004; Liu, 2009; McGory, 1997; Xu & Xu, 2005). In fact, results do indicate evidence of transfer at the tonal level, where it appears that a rising tone 2 is mapped onto English stressed syllables, and a falling tone 4 is mapped onto post-stressed syllables. Results also indicate intonational transfer, with a lack of sentence-final lowering in broad focus statements, as well as pitch patterns that can lead to an overall higher register in yes/no questions and post-focal lowering in contrastive focus questions.
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Kidder, Emily. "Tone, intonation, stress and duration in Navajo." University of Arizona Linguistics Circle, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/126405.
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Coyote Papers, Vol. 16 features a combined bibliography for all articles in the issue. This bibliography is available at http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/125965The phenomena of tone, intonation, stress and duration interact on the phonetic level due to their shared use of the acoustic cues of pitch and segment length. The Navajo language, in which the existence of intonation and stress has been questioned by native speakers and scholars (McDonough, 2002), provides a unique system for studying this interaction, due to the presence of both phonemic tone and phonemic segment length. The variable nature of stress and intonation, as well as their status as linguistic universals has been debated among scholars of prosody (Connell and Ladd, 1990; Laniran, 1992; McDonough, 2002; Hayes, 1995). This paper discusses the interaction between these prosodic elements in Navajo, arguing that stress and intonation cannot be concretely identified, and positing a causal relationship between the presence of contrastive tone and length, the lack of stress and the lack of intonation.
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Raoniarisoa, Noro. "Accent and intonation in a Malagasy dialect." Thesis, Bangor University, 1990. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/accent-and-intonation-in-a-malagasy-dialect(e779ae91-61ba-438a-be86-def551d0eaff).html.
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Chapter 1 is an introduction to the Malagasy language and gives a historical background of how the notion of accent was introduced in the description of Malagasy phonology. Chapter 2 deals with Malagasy words, their formation, their accent patterns and the rules which have been so far claimed to govern the accent patterns and the accent shift in Malagasy. New explanations are given concerning the stress shift in native Malagasy words as well as in loan words. Chapter 3 covers a series of experiments on the judgment of accent (in words and in sentences) conducted by the present author on different groups of listeners namely, linguistically trained and untrained speakers of different Malagasy dialects and Malagasy speakers' judgment of accent in a foreign language (Welsh-English). Acoustic measurements of accent as judged by the informants are reported in Chapter 4 and evaluated statistically. Chapter 5 discusses a previous theory of the Malagasy accent based on syntax. Evidence is given against such a theory. A new theory is given in chapter 6, according to which accent in Malagasy is determined by intonation. Semantics seem to play a major role in delimiting intonation-groups.
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Carioni, Lilia Maria Oliveira. "A study in english and portuguese intonation." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/106045.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 1978.Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-05T18:58:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 321807.pdf: 7978279 bytes, checksum: 59cdceb0c27545943f542bc47d774de5 (MD5)
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Dausse, François. "Ecrit et intonation le theme a l'ecrit." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030036.
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L'idee d'une intonation a l'ecrit n'a aucun statut linguistique parce que le schema de communication qu'il implemente n'est pas pris en compte dans sa globalite. Celui-ci repose sur la presence d'un co-enonciateur mais sur l'absence du co-locuteur (impossibilite d'interrompre le discours ecrit). La prise de connaissance du texte se fait mot apres mot, ceci etant a la base d'un mouvement intonatiffondamental. Par ailleurs, le scripteur se met continuellement a la place du lecteur grace a la relecture. Il n'y a aucune : ambiguite intrinseque a l'ecrit. Celui-ci est presyntactise et repose sur une enonciation qui precede la prise en note par le scripteur. Ce dernier intervient dans sa scription par la mise de ponctemes (semantisme de la mise de ponctuation) pour guider le lecteur dans sa reconstruction de renonciation en lui indiquant a chaque fois le type de probleme rencontre (semantisme du poncteme lui-meme). Le lieu ou il se place et la forme du poncteme lui-meme sont motives. Fondamentalement, les ponctemes se comportent comme des adverbes de phrase. L'etude d'un poncteme en particulier, la virgule, nous a permis de preciser l'idee de signalement d'un probleme: les ponctemes nesont la que pour confirmer la mise de la bonne intonation. L'un des roles de la virgule en premiere partie de phrase est de confirmer le changement de theme (utilisation d'un circonstant antepose / incise entre virgules apres le sujet grammatical). D'une maniere generale, le role des ponctemes est de reveler qu'il y a conflit entre deux linearisations (syntaxique, enonciative, discursive, de l'histoire, du recit), chacune de ces linearisations se decomposant dichotomiquement en theme et rheme.
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Ali, Saandia. "Etude de la relation entre l'annotation des formes et des fonctions prosodiques en anglais britannique contemporain." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00460431.
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Cette thèse présente une étude expérimentale de la relation entre l'annotation des formes et des fonctions prosodiques en anglais britannique. On se propose d'expliciter cette articulation forme/fonction en utilisant deux systèmes d'annotation distincts ainsi qu'une procédure d'analyse par synthèse. Celle-ci permet de générer des représentations formelles avec les algorithmes MOMEL et INTSINT à partir d'une représentation minimale des fonctions prosodiques annotées avec le système IF (Hirst 1977, 2005) et de comparer le résultat obtenu avec les données observées. Cette procédure est appliquée à un extrait du corpus EUROM1 puis à 47 minutes du corpus AIX-MARSEC. Nous proposons plusieurs modèles explicites de l'articulation forme/fonction et essayons de répondre à certaines questions théoriques concernant la nature du nucléus, les niveaux de proéminences à prendre en compte, l'unité prosodique optimale pour analyser les contours intonatifs ainsi que la modélisation de l'alignement total.
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Alsayegh, Yousef A. "An investigation of the relationship between singing intonation and string playing intonation among college level and professional string players." Scholarly Commons, 2013. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/842.
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The predominant purpose of the study was to investigate whether or not there is a relationship between singing intonation and string playing intonation among college level and professional string players in Northern California. For the purpose of this study a convenient sampling method was used to recruit participants according to their availability. Thirty college-level and professional string players from the Bay Area participated in this study (n=30). For the purpose of this study, only violin, viola and cello players have been included. The investigative variables for the study are singing intonation and string playing intonation. Intonation has been assessed. through participants' singing and playing. A computer program, called Melodyne, was used to analyze the recorded performances of the participants and determine the magnitude and direction of deviation for both played and sung pitches. The study included a 15 minute individual task after which subjects' intonation has been assessed in two dimensions: string performance intonation and singing performance intonation~ The participants were assigned an eight-measure singing excerpt adapted from the National Anthem of the United States of America, as well as another eight-measure excerpt designed specifically to assess string performance intonation. The subjects were individually audio-recorded and the audio files were analyzed using Melodyne to determine whether or not there is a relationship between singing intonation and string playing intonation. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient has been calculated to determine the degree of relationship between singing intonation and string playing intonation of the participants.
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Selting, Margret. "Intonation as a contextualization device : case studies on the role of prosody, especially intonation, in contextualizing story telling in conversation." Universität Potsdam, 1992. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4190/.
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Content:
1. Introduction
2. Premisses and descriptive categories
3. A first example
4. A second example
4.1. The internal structure of the story
4.2. The embedding of the story into the surrounding conversation
4.3. Some other relations within the sequence
5. Conclusions
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Garrido, Almiñana Juan María. "Modelling Spanish Intonation for Text-to-Speech Applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4885.
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Ma, Ka-yin Joan. "The interaction between intonation and tone in Cantonese." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38942227.
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Kuo, Chen-Li. "Interpreting intonation in English-Chinese spoken language translation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492917.
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This thesis presents a system for translating spoken English into Mandarin, paying particular attention to the relationship between the phonologically marked emphatic/ contrastive focus in English and the lexical/syntactic focus constructions in Mandarin. This is based on the assumption that information carried by intonation in English may be expressed using lexical/syntactic devices in tone languages.