Journal articles on the topic 'Intonation studies'
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1
Rahilly, Joan. "Towards intonation models and typologies." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 28, no. 1-2 (June 1998): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300006265.
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Many existing intonation studies tend to be unenlightening for three main reasons. First, they do not acknowledge that intonational variation may be functionally significant. By effectively ignoring functional variation among accents, investigators therefore run the risk of missing explanations for variation which may be theoretically important. The question of degree of perceptual relevance in intonational variation is not considered in detail here, although the basic assumption is that intonation is capable of performing a range of roles. Second, few studies attempt to provide a detailed explanation of the model they have used for analysing intonation. This means that there is no way of knowing whether, for instance, nuclearity in one accent is realised in identical ways in other accents, or even whether the concept of nuclearity is applicable in other varieties. Finally, existing accounts offer little information which is useful for developing intonational typologies. Clearly, this is a consequence of the failure to recognise variation and to provide an agreed analytic model. The present article addresses the shortcomings mentioned above and points towards a means of overcoming them by highlighting the need for a systematic phonological approach to intonation analysis.
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SERENO, JOAN, LYNNE LAMMERS, and ALLARD JONGMAN. "The relative contribution of segments and intonation to the perception of foreign-accented speech." Applied Psycholinguistics 37, no. 2 (January 5, 2015): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716414000575.
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ABSTRACTThe present study examines the relative impact of segments and intonation on accentedness, comprehensibility, and intelligibility, specifically investigating the separate contribution of segmental and intonational information to perceived foreign accent in Korean-accented English. Two English speakers and two Korean speakers recorded 40 English sentences. The sentences were manipulated by combining segments from one speaker with intonation (fundamental frequency contour and duration) from another speaker. Four versions of each sentence were created: one English control (English segments and English intonation), one Korean control (Korean segments and Korean intonation), and two Korean–English combinations (one with English segments and Korean intonation; the other with Korean segments and English intonation). Forty native English speakers transcribed the sentences for intelligibility and rated their comprehensibility and accentedness. The data show that segments had a significant effect on accentedness, comprehensibility, and intelligibility, but intonation only had an effect on intelligibility. Contrary to previous studies, the present study, separating segments from intonation, suggests that segmental information contributes substantially more to the perception of foreign accentedness than intonation. Native speakers seem to rely mainly on segments when determining foreign accentedness.
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Рыжикова, Татьяна Раисовна, Альбина Альбертовна Добрынина, Илья Михайлович Плотников, Елена Александровна Шестера, and Антон Сергеевич Шамрин. "Intonation structuring of coherent Tuvan folklore narration." New Research of Tuva, no. 4 (December 5, 2021): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25178/nit.2021.4.8.
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The article presents preliminary data on the intonation of the Tuvan folklore narration with specific focus to the relation between intonation and text structure. The analysis was carried out on the basis of four Tuvan folklore texts. Three hypothetical intonational correlates of the text structure were examined. First, we consider the difference in tempo of the main parts of the texts, following the idea of three-part structure of folklore texts proposed by V. Propp (beginning, complication and ending). The data obtained show no direct correspondence between the tempo of an utterance and its position in the text, as the tempo of the first and the last utterances and their ratio to the average tempo vary significantly from text to text. Secondly, it is shown that the texts contain a number of metatext markers, which are used quite often and are distinguished by the means of intonation (including changes in tone and intensity and separation by a pause). Thirdly, verbal forms with particle -tyr performing similar functions are examined. In contrast to metatext markers, they are not characterized by any intonational prominence, as the tone and intensity follow the general line of declination marking the end of an utterance. Thus, intonation plays an important role in forming the structure of Tuvan folklore texts, which, however, manifests itself only indirectly, in the way of emphasizing lexical means of structuring the text (metatext markers).
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Frota, Sónia, Marisa Cruz, Rita Cardoso, Isabel Guimarães, Joaquim Ferreira, Serge Pinto, and Marina Vigário. "(Dys)Prosody in Parkinson’s Disease: Effects of Medication and Disease Duration on Intonation and Prosodic Phrasing." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081100.
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The phonology of prosody has received little attention in studies of motor speech disorders. The present study investigates the phonology of intonation (nuclear contours) and speech chunking (prosodic phrasing) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a function of medication intake and duration of the disease. Following methods of the prosodic and intonational phonology frameworks, we examined the ability of 30 PD patients to use intonation categories and prosodic phrasing structures in ways similar to 20 healthy controls to convey similar meanings. Speech data from PD patients were collected before and after a dopaminomimetic drug intake and were phonologically analyzed in relation to nuclear contours and intonational phrasing. Besides medication, disease duration and the presence of motor fluctuations were also factors included in the analyses. Overall, PD patients showed a decreased ability to use nuclear contours and prosodic phrasing. Medication improved intonation regardless of disease duration but did not help with dysprosodic phrasing. In turn, disease duration and motor fluctuations affected phrasing patterns but had no impact on intonation. Our study demonstrated that the phonology of prosody is impaired in PD, and prosodic categories and structures may be differently affected, with implications for the understanding of PD neurophysiology and therapy.
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Yuan, Chenjie, Santiago González-Fuente, Florence Baills, and Pilar Prieto. "OBSERVING PITCH GESTURES FAVORS THE LEARNING OF SPANISH INTONATION BY MANDARIN SPEAKERS." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 41, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 5–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263117000316.
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AbstractRecent studies on the learning of L2 prosody have suggested that pitch gestures can enhance the learning of the L2 lexical tones. Yet it remains unclear whether the use of these gestures can aid the learning of L2 intonation, especially by tonal-language speakers. Sixty-four Mandarin speakers with basic-level Spanish were asked to learn three Spanish intonation patterns, all involving a low tone on the nuclear accent. In a pre-post test experimental design, half of the participants received intonation training without the use of pitch gestures (the control group) while the other half received the same training but with pitch gestures representing nuclear intonation contours (the experimental group). Musical (melody, pitch) abilities were also measured. The results revealed that (a) the experimental group significantly improved intonational production outcomes, and (b) even though participants with stronger musical abilities performed better, those with weaker musical abilities benefited more from observing pitch gestures.
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Powell, Sean R. "Wind Instrument Intonation: A Research Synthesis." Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, no. 184 (April 1, 2010): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27861484.
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Abstract The development of intonation skills is among the many challenges facing instrumental music educators. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the research on wind instrument intonation in order to develop a consensus in regard to intonation perception and performance. The research studies reviewed are organized into three main sections: studies examining the physical factors of wind instruments that influence intonation, studies examining intonation perception and performance by players of wind instruments, and studies examining various methods to improve wind intonation. Discussion, conclusion, and implication sections are included following the review of the literature.
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Shepherd, Michael A. "Effects of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Intonation on Secondary Science Teachers’ Evaluation of Spoken Responses." Urban Education 55, no. 5 (July 18, 2016): 730–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042085916660346.
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To explore the role of teachers’ biases in the underrepresentation of minorities and women in STEM, 128 secondary science teachers were asked to evaluate responses spoken with either falling or rising intonation by African American, Latino, and White ninth-grade boys and girls. Responses spoken by minority students were evaluated less favorably than identically worded responses spoken by White students, and rising intonation responses were evaluated less favorably than falling intonation responses. Female speakers have been shown to use rising intonation nearly twice as often as male speakers, so this bias against rising intonation responses disproportionately affects female students (an indirect effect of gender).
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Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena. "Portuguese and English intonation in contrast." Languages in Contrast 4, no. 2 (December 7, 2004): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.4.2.03cru.
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The current surge of interest in studies on intonation, in areas ranging from L2 teaching to child language acquisition, finally mirrors the crucial role played by intonation in the whole of human communication through language. In studies on non-native linguistic proficiency, a ‘foreign intonation’ appears as the last stronghold of a non-native accent, consisting in the use, in a second language, of intonation patterns belonging to the first language of the learner. The use of a foreign intonation does not, however, only characterise an accent. Intonation patterns convey specific meanings in each language, and the correspondence between these meanings and specific pitch patterns is often as arbitrary as the correspondence between words and their meanings. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to provide a basis for the comparison of the intonation patterns of (European) Portuguese and (British) English, highlighting potential areas of difficulty for speakers of each of these languages in learning the other, and the reasons for these difficulties. Second, to give support to the view, current in L2 studies, that the learning of L2 intonation cannot be taken for granted, if breakdown in native to non-native spoken communication is to be avoided.
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McMAHON, APRIL. "Prosodic change and language contact." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 7, no. 2 (July 23, 2004): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136672890400152x.
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Using evidence from first-hand experimental work and existing studies, Colantoni and Gurlekian take a tentative but encouraging step towards exploring the role of contact in explaining intonational change. Their central question is whether Buenos Aires Spanish intonation is distinctive relative to other varieties of Spanish; and if so, whether that distinctiveness is due to contact with Italian.
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Wahl, Alexander. "Intonation unit boundaries and the storage of bigrams." Review of Cognitive Linguistics 13, no. 1 (June 23, 2015): 191–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rcl.13.1.08wah.
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Much recent work on language and cognition has examined the psychological status of collocations/formulas/multi-word expressions as mentally stored units. These studies have used a variety of statistical metrics to quantify the degree of strength or association of these sequences, and then they have correlated these strengths with particular behavioral effects that evidence mental storage. However, the relationship between intonational prosody and storage of collocations has received little attention. Through a corpus-based approach, this study examines the hypothesis that boundaries between successive intonation units avoid splitting word bigrams that exhibit high statistical association, with such high association taken to be an index of mental storage of these bigrams. Conversely, bigrams exhibiting lower statistical association ought to be more likely to be split by intonation unit boundaries under this hypothesis.
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Ansah, Mercy Akrofi. "Polar interrogatives in Lɛtɛ Discourse." Legon Journal of the Humanities 32, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ljh.v32i2.2.
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The use of special intonation patterns, interrogative particles, the addition of tags, disjunctive structures, a change in the order of constituents, and particularly verbal inflection are among strategies for forming polar questions. This paper describes the use of a special intonation pattern, the use of interrogative tags in tandem with a special intonation pattern, and the use of question particles in conjunction with a special intonation pattern to form polar questions in Lɛtɛ. The paper further discusses social norms governing the use of polar interrogatives in Lɛtɛ discourse. Lɛtɛ is a less-studied South-Guan language of the Kwa family of Ghana. Data for this study form part of a larger database collected in the speech community – Larteh. Praat was used to analyse the pitch patterns of the polar questions informants produced. The paper demonstrates that Lɛtɛ polar interrogatives are marked by a sharp falling intonation and not a rising intonation as claimed in prior studies.
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Ramus, Franck. "Language discrimination by newborns." Annual Review of Language Acquisition 2 (October 1, 2002): 85–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/arla.2.05ram.
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Speech rhythm has long been claimed to be a useful bootstrapping cue in the very first steps of language acquisition. Previous studies have suggested that newborn infants do categorize varieties of speech rhythm, as demonstrated by their ability to discriminate between certain languages. However, the existing evidence is not unequivocal: in previous studies, stimuli discriminated by newborns always contained additional speech cues on top of rhythm. Here, we conducted a series of experiments assessing discrimination between Dutch and Japanese by newborn infants, using a speech resynthesis technique to progressively degrade non-rhythmical properties of the sentences. When the stimuli are resynthesized using identical phonemes and artificial intonation contours for the two languages, thereby preserving only their rhythmic and broad phonotactic structure, newborns still seem to be able to discriminate between the two languages, but the effect is weaker than when intonation is present. This leaves open the possibility that the temporal correlation between intonational and rhythmic cues might actually facilitate the processing of speech rhythm.
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RUI, Su. "LAMENTO INTONATION AS A REPRESENTANT OF ARIOSIC INTONATION IN THE OPERAS OF CLAUDIO MONTEVERDI." Humanities science current issues 2, no. 53 (2022): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2308-4863/53-2-14.
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Samolina, A. V. "Why and How to Teach Intonation Speech Design to Fifth Graders?" Russian language at school 80, no. 2 (March 19, 2019): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2019-80-2-16-20.
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The purpose of the author is to attract the attention of her colleagues to the problem of the loss of the diversity of intonation skills and abilities by modern children as compared to those possessed by the previous generations of Russian speakers, and to propose measures for improving the performance of intonation training. The article presents the conclusions made in the course of summarizing the results of several experimental studies on the use of the Russian intonation by children, on its comparison with their awareness of the English intonation and on teaching intonation design of utterances in Russian to fifth-graders.
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SNOW, DAVID. "Polysyllabic units in the vocalizations of children from 0 ; 6 to 1 ; 11: Intonation-groups, tones and rhythms." Journal of Child Language 34, no. 4 (October 24, 2007): 765–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030500090700815x.
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ABSTRACTPrevious studies have suggested that intonation development in infants and toddlers reflects an interaction between physiological and linguistic influences. The immediate background research for this study, however, was based on vocalizations that were only one syllable in length. By extending the analysis to polysyllabic utterances, the present study evaluated a broader range of physiological constraints on intonation production than the maximally simple context of monosyllabic utterances had permitted. The width and direction of pitch change across one- and two-syllable nuclear tones were acoustically analyzed in utterances produced by 60 children between the ages of 0 ; 6 and 1 ; 11. The results showed that the children controlled the characteristic intonation pattern of English monosyllables by the age of 1 ; 6–1 ; 8. However, even the youngest groups of children produced relatively robust and adult-like intonation contours when the tone-bearing string was polysyllabic, suggesting that the trochaic or dactylic foot is the natural ‘unmarked’ unit of tone production. The asymmetrical results for one- versus two-syllable tones support the conclusion that width of pitch change largely reflects physiological universals in children's earliest vocalizations and language-specific learning after the age of 1 ; 6. Implications of the findings are also discussed in relation to the Trochaic Template Hypothesis. It is concluded that a bias for trochaic rhythms that some children demonstrate could be based, in part, on the child's sensitivity to physiological constraints on the velocity and range of intonational pitch change.
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Veličkova, Ludmila, and Elena Petročenko. "“Vocal Form” as a Music-Phonetic Speech Genre: Aspects of Study." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 2 (June 2021): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2021.2.12.
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Vocal music is a form of existence and realization of a language. Primarily, it is oral speech of a specific type. Prosodic features of vocal music, as well as its rhythm and intonation, are formed as a result of direct music-language interaction. Therefore, intonational language-music correlation provides possibility of linguistic description of national vocal music and confirms the necessity to develop theoretical foundation for studying this issue. We consider vocal speech of any genre (song, aria or choral singing) in view of its prosodic features. Correspondingly, we consider intonational realization of a vocal text as related to distinctive features of intonation within phonetic system of a given language. In the present article, the authors term vocal-music speech phenomenon as a vocal form of a language, and specify the rationale that it could be related to elements of various levels of oral text. Several aspects of the vocal form are defined, namely phonatory, phonetic, rhythmic and intonational, and considered in the following branches of linguistics: phonostylistics, intonology and speech studies. The paper presents the concept of vocal form of a language within the research prospect. According to structure-based phonological approach, the vocal form as a music-language object is interpreted as a system component, its elements being defined as language units.
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Hübscher, Iris, Núria Esteve-Gibert, Alfonso Igualada, and Pilar Prieto. "Intonation and gesture as bootstrapping devices in speaker uncertainty." First Language 37, no. 1 (November 2, 2016): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723716673953.
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This study investigates 3- to 5-year-old children’s sensitivity to lexical, intonational and gestural information in the comprehension of speaker uncertainty. Most previous studies on children’s understanding of speaker certainty and uncertainty across languages have focused on the comprehension of lexical markers, and little is known about the potential facilitation effects of intonational and gestural features in this process. A total of 102 3- to 5-year-old Catalan-speaking children participated in a comprehension task which involved the detection of uncertainty in materials that combined lexical, intonational and gestural markers. In a between-subjects design, the children were either administered the lexical condition (where they were exposed to lexical and gestural cues to uncertainty) or the intonation condition (where they were exposed to intonational and gestural cues to uncertainty). Within each condition, three different presentation formats were used (audio-only, visual-only and audio-visual) in a within-subjects design. The results indicated that all the children performed better overall when they had gestural cues present. Furthermore, in comparison with the older group, the younger group was more sensitive to intonational marking of speaker uncertainty than to lexical marking. This evidence suggests that the intonational and gestural features of communicative interactions may act as bootstrapping mechanisms in early pragmatic development.
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Cichocki, Wladyslaw, Dafydd Gibbon, and Helmut Richter. "Intonation, Accent and Rhythm: Studies in Discourse Phonology." Language 62, no. 2 (June 1986): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/414696.
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Uth, Melanie. "Traces of language contact in intonation." Prosodic Issues in Language Contact Situations 16, no. 3 (December 31, 2019): 353–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.00043.uth.
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Abstract This article deals with the intonational realization of contrastive focus in Yucatecan Spanish. Data from three recent elicitation studies with a total of ten bilingual speakers of Yucatecan Spanish (YS) and Yucatec Maya (YM) and five monolingual speakers of YS suggest that contrastive focus in the Yucatecan Spanish variant spoken by the Spanish-dominant and monolingual speakers is mostly signaled by means of a high pitch early in the intonation phrase (IP) followed by a fall to the final stressed syllable of a contrasted word. In this respect, the established YS variety crucially differs from standard Mexican Spanish (MS), where the stressed syllable of a contrastive constituent is generally associated with an L+H* pitch accent (cf. de-la-Mota, Martín Butragueño & Prieto. 2010). However, the systematicity described above only shows up in the data produced by the Spanish-dominant and monolingual YS speakers, whereas the balanced bilingual data is characterized by much higher idiosyncratic variation. This fact suggests that the development of intonational systems is also a matter of consolidation or strengthening of features.
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Leben, William R. "D. Robert Ladd (1996). Intonational phonology. (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics 79.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. xv+334." Phonology 15, no. 1 (August 1998): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675798003546.
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Ladd's Intonational phonology is a substantial addition to an area that has only recently ‘arrived’. Fortunately for the field of intonational phonology, the past two decades have seen a number of seminal contributions from phonologists, including Mark Liberman, Gösta Bruce, Janet Pierrehumbert and Ladd himself. Work on intonation, which has advanced in sync with modern linguistic theory, can also look back on quite a number of rather specific studies by phoneticians and rather general descriptive accounts by linguists and English teachers on this continent and in Europe.The book's basic goal is to present the subject matter of intonational phonology to the non-specialist linguist. The material is not only summarised but also accompanied by critical comments. Ladd's goal of keeping the book accessible to the non-specialist may limit the depth of the presentation of the basic material and the definitiveness of the critical comments, but for many this will be a reasonable price to pay for breadth of coverage.
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Alvarado, Covadonga Sánchez, and Meghan Armstrong. "Prosodic Marking of Object Focus in L2 Spanish." Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 15, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 211–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/shll-2022-2060.
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Abstract L + H* is used for corrective focus both in American English and Peninsular Spanish, but its phonetic implementation may still differ. Furthermore, features such as longer duration or relative F0 differences correlate as well with the realization of corrective focus in both languages. For L2 speakers, the acquisition of these form-meaning associations may be constrained by patterns of transfer from the L1, universal tendencies such as the use of default intonational patterns, or development of the L2 grammar. We analyzed four acoustic features (i.e., peak alignment, pitch scaling, relative F0, and duration) as manifested in informational and corrective object focus statements elicited from 10 native Spanish speakers and 10 English-speaking learners of Spanish through a question-and-answer pairs task. Our findings reveal that while learners of Spanish can adjust the phonetic implementation of focal accents towards the target (e.g., producing earlier peaks and longer stressed vowels), L1 English features (e.g., wider pitch scaling and smaller relative F0 differences) are also manifested in their production. We discuss these findings in connection with Mennen, Ineke. 2015. Beyond segments: Towards a L2 intonation learning theory. In Elisabeth Delais-Roussarie, Mathieu Avanzi & Sophie Herment (eds.), Prosody and languages in contact, 171–188. Berlin: Springer. L2 Intonation Learning theory as well as previous studies in an effort to improve understanding of the constraining factors in the development of L2 intonational grammars.
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Congosto Martín, Yolanda. "Intonation models of yes-no questions in Extremadura." Loquens 3, no. 2 (March 13, 2017): 032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2016.032.
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This paper is part of a series of studies carried out within the AMPRAE project (Atlas Multimedia de Prosodia de Andalucía y Extremadura), whose main objective is to trace the geoprosodic map of those two dialectal areas in contact (their possible internal system variability, as well as the establishment of prosodic isoglosses and their influence areas). The present paper focuses on absolute interrogative intonation patterns in Extremadura, where the acoustic analysis revealed the existence of two different intonation patterns. This research is based on a range of seven Extremaduran informants (four women and three men), representative of the selected survey points: two urban areas, the capital city of Cáceres and Mérida (Badajoz), and two rural areas, both Badajoz-based, Don Benito and Segura de León (nevertheless, Alburquerque, another Badajoz-based municipality, close to the border with Portugal, is referred to frequently throughout this paper). Once described the intonative behavior of each of the informants, a comparison and contrast of their results is offered in order to identify the convergence and/or divergence among them. The methodology applied is the one set out in the AMPER project.
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Savino, Michelina. "The intonation of polar questions in Italian: Where is the rise?" Journal of the International Phonetic Association 42, no. 1 (March 12, 2012): 23–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002510031100048x.
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Earlier studies on Standard Italian describe polar questions as being characterised by a terminal rise, as opposed to a terminal fall for statements, where a low/falling accentual movement precedes the terminal part of the contour in both sentence types. The same is generally claimed for the Northern and Central Italian varieties (including Florentine, i.e. the variety from which Standard Italian stems), whereas Southern accents are characterised by an accentual rise followed by a terminal fall, being therefore the primary cue for question in non-terminal position. However, a closer look at the existing literature on regional Italian question intonation reveals that such a geographical distribution of intonational features across Italian accents is not that clear-cut. A reason for this discrepancy might be the different speaking styles – here intended as the broad spontaneous vs. read distinction – of the spoken productions analysed. The aim of this paper is to call into question the claim that a terminal rise preceded by an accentual low/fall is the most widespread intonational feature for marking questioning across Italian accents. The goal is to provide a clearer picture of question intonation in Italian by looking at the distribution of the rise as either on terminal or non-terminal position across a large number of varieties, where speech materials have been elicited with the same methodology, and they are therefore homogeneous with respect to speaking style. Intonation analysis has been carried out on spontaneous yes–no questions extracted from the Map Task dialogues collected in the CLIPS national corpus (Corpora e Lessici di Italiano Parlato e Scritto – Corpora and Lexicons of Spoken and Written Italian) covering 15 varieties of Italian. Results of this analysis on the Northern, Central, and Southern polar questions reveals that the accentual rise prevails, and that the distribution of the rise across varieties is independent of the geography.
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Ouafeu, Yves Talla Sando. "Intonational marking of new and given information in Cameroon English." English World-Wide 28, no. 2 (May 11, 2007): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.28.2.05oua.
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Studies on English intonation have shown that native English speakers consistently accent new information and deaccent given information in the discourse structure (Brown 1983; Fowler and Housum 1987; etc.). On the other hand, findings on the intonation of some non-native English varieties, Nigerian English (Gut 2003, 2005) and Indian English (Gumperz 1982) for example, suggest that speakers of these varieties of English rarely deaccent given information in the discourse structure, hence making both types of information prominent. This study reports findings of the analyses of the intonational marking of the two types of information in Cameroon English (CamE). Data from two speaking styles, the Passage Reading Style (PRS) and the Conversational Style (CS), were analysed both auditorily and acoustically. Results show that, unlike speakers of some other non-native varieties of English, Cameroon English speakers make new information more prominent than given information in the discourse structure. As for how Cameroon English speakers acoustically implement the intonational marking of new and given information, the findings further reveal that they make more use of intensity and duration than of other acoustic parameters like high pitch accent (H*), findings which are somewhat dissimilar to those documented in native varieties of English whereby the most obvious acoustic correlate of new information in discourse is the high pitch accent (H*).
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Whitehill, Tara L., Lorinda Kwan, Flora P. H. Lee, and Mia M. N. Chow. "Effect of LSVT on Lexical Tone in Speakers with Parkinson's Disease." Parkinson's Disease 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/897494.
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Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) has well-documented treatment efficacy for individuals with hypokinetic dysarthria associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Positive changes have been noted after treatment not only for vocal loudness but also for many other speech dimensions, including intonation (monotonicity). There have been few studies investigating the effect of LSVT on lexical tone which, like intonation, is controlled by variations in fundamental frequency. This study involved 12 Cantonese speakers with idiopathic PD who were enrolled in a standard LVST treatment protocol. Speech data were collected 3-4 days before treatment and 1 day after treatment. A wide variety of perceptual and acoustic variables were analyzed. The results showed significant improvements in loudness and intonation after treatment, but no significant changes in lexical tone. These results have theoretical implications for the relationship between tone and intonation and for models of the physiological control of fundamental frequency.
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Downing, Laura J. "Introduction." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 55 (January 1, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.55.2011.405.
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In spite of this long history, most work to date on the phonology-syntax interface in Bantu languages suffers from limitations, due to the range of expertise required: intonation, phonology, syntax. Quite generally, intonational studies on African languages are extremely rare. Most of the existing data has not been the subject of careful phonetic analysis, whether of the prosody of neutral sentences or of questions or other focus structures. There are important gaps in our knowledge of Bantu syntax which in turn limit our understanding of the phonology-syntax interface. Recent developments in syntactic theory have provided a new way of thinking about the type of syntactic information that phonology can refer to and have raised new questions: Do only syntactic constituent edges condition prosodic phrasing? Do larger domains such as syntactic phases, or even other factors, like argument and adjunct distinctions, play a role? Further, earlier studies looked at a limited range of syntactic constructions. Little research exists on the phonology of focus or of sentences with non-canonical word order in Bantu languages. Both the prosody and the syntax of complex sentences, questions and dislocations are understudied for Bantu languages. Our project aims to remedy these gaps in our knowledge by bringing together a research team with all the necessary expertise. Further, by undertaking the intonational, phonological and syntactic analysis of several languages we can investigate whether there is any correlation among differences in morphosyntactic and prosodic properties that might also explain differences in phrasing and intonation. It will also allow us to investigate whether there are cross-linguistically common prosodic patterns for particular morpho-syntactic structure.
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Turintseva, А. В. ""MUSICAL READING": A PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH OF M. F. GNESIN." Arts education and science 1, no. 3 (2021): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202103019.
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The article investigates the approach based on "musical reading", developed by music teacher Mikhail Gnesin in the early XXth century. The paper studies the prerequisites, basic provisions and principles of "musical reading" as a highly emotional way of reading a poetic text by note, preserving the nature and specific features of human speech. The author reveals a connection between M. Gnesin's ideas and B. Asafiev's intonational concept. A step-bystep "musical reading" integration into the practical work of theatre actors is considered. The rhythmic reading approach is described and the examples of using various metrhythmic means of musical expression to convey the emotional and semantic content are given. Introduction of speech intonation into music is discussed both in terms of the fixation of the specific characteristics of speech intonation in graphic form and applying this method in practice. The article concludes the prospects of using the method of "musical reading" by the professional theatre artists and arts students (developing speech-based choirs, ensembles and dialogues according to the laws of musical harmony; creating unique speech-and-music works, where human voice with its specific timbre and accompaniment are integral parts of the artistic whole).
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Popkova, Ekaterina. "The Backyard of EFL Teaching: Issues Behind L1 Prosodic Interference in Russian English." Journal of Language and Education 1, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2411-7390-2015-1-4-37-44.
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Modern EFL teaching in Russia pays much attention to variations in the cultural schemata represented by students’ L1 and the target language, as well as behavioral patterns of their speakers. However, teaching practitioners scarcely address certain issues of Russian L1 prosodic interference that cause attitudinal confusion on the part of native English speakers. The study explores the wrong pragmatic effects created in English due to the transfer of Russian intonation contours and the reasons behind the failure of Russian EFL teachers to address the issue. Specifically, it investigates English speakers’ negative perceptions of Russian L1 intonation and examines Russian teachers’ practices and beliefs with regard to the place of intonation in a language classroom. The paper draws on findings from recent studies on effects of Russian L1 prosodic features in English and the results obtained from a survey conducted by the author among 29 Russian EFL teachers. The paper argues that whereas L1 intonation interference seriously affects learners’ cultural image, its role in EFL teaching is significantly undervalued as compared to that of grammar and vocabulary. It concludes by suggesting practical ways to facilitate intonation teaching in a Russian EFL classroom.
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Hübscher, Iris, Laura Wagner, and Pilar Prieto. "Three-year-olds infer polite stance from intonation and facial cues." Journal of Politeness Research 16, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pr-2017-0047.
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AbstractDespite the evidence that infants are sensitive to facial cues and prosody for the detection of emotion, we have contradictory evidence regarding the use of these cues by older preschool and school children when inferring both emotional and politeness stance. This study assessed preschool aged children’s sensitivity to intonational and facial cues signalling a speaker’s polite stance in requestive speech acts with controlled lexical and contextual materials. Thirty-six 3-year-old American English-speaking children performed a forced-choice decision task which investigated whether children at this age use pitch and/or facial cues to infer a speaker’s affective stance in either audio-only, visual-only or audio-visual presentation modalities, when lexical cues are controlled for. Results showed that (a) children at three years can infer a speaker’s polite stance equally well in all three conditions (audio-only, visual-only and audio-visual) and thereby (b) unlike previous research, in the present task both intonation and facial cues are equally strong cues in children’s understanding of a speaker’s polite stance in requestive speech acts. The authors discuss especially the implications of this early use of intonation to detect politeness, relating it to other previous research on children’s ability to infer meaning from pitch.
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MacArthur, Marit J. "Monotony, the Churches of Poetry Reading, and Sound Studies." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 1 (January 2016): 38–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.1.38.
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Engaging with and amending the terms of debates about poetry performance, I locate the origins of the default, neutral style of contemporary academic poetry readings in secular performance and religious ritual, exploring the influence of the beat poets, the black arts movement, and the African American church. Line graphs of intonation patterns demonstrate what I call monotonous incantation, a version of the neutral style that is characterized by three qualities: (1) the repetition of a falling cadence within a narrow range of pitch; (2) a flattened affect that suppresses idiosyncratic expression of subject matter in favor of a restrained, earnest tone; and (3) the subordination of conventional intonation patterns dictated by syntax, and of the poetic effects of line length and line breaks, to the prevailing cadence and slow, steady pace. This style is popularly known as “poet voice.” Recordings of four contemporary poets—Natasha Trethewey, Louise Glück, Michael Ryan, and Juliana Spahr—demonstrate this style, which contrasts with more expressive, idiosyncratic readings by poets as distinct as Frank Bidart and Kenneth Goldsmith.
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Piotrovskaya, Larisa A. "DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO STUDYING *THE EMOTIVE FUNCTION OF INTONATION." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 3 (2019): 143–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_3_143_163.
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The current paper has several aims: on the one hand, it is meant to determine the principles for selecting language material for experimental phonetic research of prosodic means to express emotions, on the other hand it applies the results of this study (i) to determine the place of emotive intonation patterns in the Russian intonation system, (ii) to provide enough ground for identifying 3 aspects of emotive function of intonation: communicative-emotive, emotive-differentiating and form-building. I argue that, first, the focus of the corresponding phonetic studies should be emotive utterances that present a separate utterance communicative type but not emotionally colored statements, interrogative or imperative sentences, and second, that there are definite principles to differentiate between them. The paper provides a detailed description of the experimental material used in this study of emotive utterances intonation including 134 text samples containing emotive utterances of 18 structural types pronounced by 11 native Russian speakers...
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Männel, Claudia, and Angela D. Friederici. "Pauses and Intonational Phrasing: ERP Studies in 5-month-old German Infants and Adults." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, no. 10 (October 2009): 1988–2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21221.
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In language learning, infants are faced with the challenge of decomposing continuous speech into relevant units, such as syntactic clauses and words. Within the framework of prosodic bootstrapping, behavioral studies suggest infants approach this segmentation problem by relying on prosodic information, especially on acoustically marked intonational phrase boundaries (IPBs). In the current ERP study, we investigate processing of IPBs in 5-month-old infants by varying the acoustic cues signaling the IPB. In an experiment in which pitch variation, vowel lengthening, and pause cues are present (Experiment 1), 5-month-old German infants show an ERP obligatory response. This obligatory response signals lower level perceptual processing of acoustic cues that, however, disappear when no pause cue is present (Experiment 2). This suggests that infants are sensitive to sentence internal pause, a cue that is relevant for the processing of IPBs. Given that German adults show both the obligatory components and the closure positive shift, a particular ERP component known to reflect the perception of IPBs, independent of the presence of a pause cue, the results of the current ERP study indicate clear developmental differences in intonational phrase processing. The comparison of our neurophysiological data from German-learning infants with behavioral data from English-learning infants furthermore suggests cross-linguistic differences in intonational phrase processing during infancy. These findings are discussed in the light of differences between the German and the English intonation systems.
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Wouk, Fay. "The syntax of intonation units in Sasak." Studies in Language 32, no. 1 (January 11, 2008): 137–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.32.1.06wou.
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In this paper I examine the syntactic nature of intonation units in Sasak, and compare the distribution of syntactic types with previously published work on other languages, in particular Mandarin, and to a lesser extent, Japanese. Sasak and Mandarin prove to have very similar frequencies of clausal IUs, but Sasak has far more complete clauses than Mandarin, which prefers elliptical clauses. Nominal IUs in the Sasak data are far more likely to be independent than in Japanese or Mandarin conversational data, and fulfill very different functions than those found in studies of Mandarin. I argue that cross-linguistic differences in the relative frequencies of different types of syntactic constituents are best explained partly in terms of the syntactic resources available in a given language, and partly in terms of cultural variation in conversational practice. Differences in the relative frequencies of various functions of nominal IUs, however, may relate more to genre than to language, but the limited corpora used in studies to date make this difficult to determine.
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Kupriyanova, Asya I. "Intonation-grammatic deviations in modern media speech." Media Linguistics 8, no. 4 (2021): 438–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2021.409.
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The author of this article studies the issue of intonation and speech deviation. The relevance of addressing the problems of intonation norms is determined by the expansion of the public demand for educational services in the field of speech technology. In particular, these services are sought-after by those whose sphere of professional activity does not include ensuring media functioning, yet they show a reasonable interest in forming their own information field by speech means of self-presentation. The author believes that in these conditions, speech pedagogy faces new tasks, both practical and theoretical: determining the attitude to the use of the intonation-grammatical norm and its ontological status, as well as looking for effective ways of teaching the mastery of this norm. In this regard, it seems fruitful to refer to the phenomenon of media speech and the impact of this phenomenon on the formation, consolidation and existence of speech norms, especially intonation norms. The author attempts to address the problem of teaching correct intonation through the prism of her pedagogical experience in teaching the course “Speech Techniques”. The starting point of the pedagogue’s work is to determine, on the basis of the theoretical provisions of Russian grammar, the content of the concepts of intonation norm and deviations from it, provide reference examples and explain the reasons for certain distortions in media speech. The author analyzes ideas about the norm in general and the speech norm, revealing the concepts of intonation-grammatical norm and intonation-grammatical deviation. Based on the materials of media speech produced by subjects of media activity with different levels of mastering speech competencies (which are hereby understood as the sources of media speech), the author establishes the peculiarities of intonation and grammatical design of speech within the subject groups, draws conclusions about the specifics of deviations from the norm, identifies types of deviations and provides assumptions about possible reasons for such deviations. Among the reasons, the author lists physiological reasons for the first time. The results of the study reveal new aspects in determining the norms of modern media speech and they can be applied in the development of individual educational routes in teaching speech techniques.
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Yao, Junming. "F 0 declination of intonation groups in Spanish and in Mandarin Chinese." Prosodic Issues in Language Contact Situations 16, no. 3 (December 31, 2019): 523–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.00049.yao.
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Abstract Mandarin Chinese and Spanish are the first two languages in the world by number of speakers. The interaction between speakers and thus between the two languages increases day by day. There are more and more Chinese students who study Spanish and Spanish students who study Chinese. At the same time, difficulties arise from the teaching-learning process, particularly with regard to phonetics, and more specifically the intonation, as they are two typologically-different languages. However, there exist very few comparative studies between them. This article seeks to explore the global declination of intonation groups in Spanish and Mandarin Chinese and we found similarities and differences between these two languages. To do this, we created a corpus of 278 isolated and unmarked sentences and 140 neutral paragraphs in Mandarin Chinese (totally 651 sentences), while in Spanish we used data from previous studies. The corpus was recorded by nine native speakers, three men and six women. We approached this study from a phonetic point of view and used the Garrido model (Garrido 1996, 2001, 2010) to compare the declination effect on the two languages according to different factors such as sentence type, the position of the intonation group within the utterance and length of the group. We also proposed for future study some possible methods for teaching Chinese and Spanish intonation as a second language.
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Rattray, Catherine, and Andrew Tolmie. "Young children's detection and decoding of ironic intonation." Psychology of Language and Communication 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10057-008-0002-1.
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Young children's detection and decoding of ironic intonation Two studies examined 3- and 4-year-olds' ability to follow the mental ‘sub-text’ of conversations employing ironic intonation. In Study 1, children were asked what a confederate thought was inside a tin, following an exchange in which she saw (joke conditions) or did not see (lie conditions) the contents (a stone) and heard these referred to in neutral or ironic tone as a cake. Study 2 repeated the joke conditions, with the confederate touching the stone. Amongst 4-year-olds, intonation was found to trigger complex assessment of the information available to the confederate, whilst 3-year-olds appeared confused. The data suggest that ability to track the belief implications of conversations is underpinned by substantial improvements in working memory between 3 and 4 years.
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Verbych, Nataliia. "Architectonics of dialect text (experemental phonetic analyasis)." Ukrainska mova, no. 3 (2020): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrmova2020.03.110.
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Phonetics of Ukrainian dialects has long been and remains the object of analysis. Separate articles and thorough monographic studies confirm this. Researchers consider to describing the system-structural originality of speeches, establishing the composition of segmental units in different dialects, their significance in the phonological system of the dialect, systematizing knowledge about the manifestations and relationships of phonemes. Super segmental differences of Ukrainian dialects are insufficiently studied. Intonation is a collection of sound linguistic means that are used to express semantic, emotional, expressive and modal character of the phrase, communicative meaning and situational conditionality, stylistic color of the text and the individuality of dialect speakers’ expressive techniques. The value of intonation in organization of oral speech is determined by its function – segmentation, structuring and selection. The paper studies the intonation parameters that ensure the integrity of the text and perform the function of connecting its individual elements. The author described the super segmental organization of a dialect text, identified and explored prosodic means not only of a single word, phrase or phrase, described the relationship of these units within the text, taking into account its content and structure. The article focuses on the features of segmentation of the dialectal speech. This study shows the difference between real sound file and his fixing during an auditory analysis. Much attention is given to the difference between a syntax and real articulation of broadcasting. The study demonstrates that the intonation structure of the dialect text as a kind of spontaneous speech is peculiar. In dialect narratives, the relationship between syntax and pauses (as the most important markers of segmentation) is much more complex than in a read or pre-prepared text. In spontaneous dialect narratives, the correlation between content and form shifts due to the simultaneity and synchronicity of the processes of thinking, planning, and producing thought. In some parts of the text there is a violation of formal and grammatical connections, the boundaries of phrases / syntagmas are blurred, their prosodic design has no clear delimitative features, as in codified speech, which leads to variance in the division of the text into separate segments. Keywords: dialect narratives, intonation, contour, pitch, pause.
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Filippi, Piera. "Emotional Voice Intonation: A Communication Code at the Origins of Speech Processing and Word-Meaning Associations?" Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 44, no. 4 (July 21, 2020): 395–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10919-020-00337-z.
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Abstract The aim of the present work is to investigate the facilitating effect of vocal emotional intonation on the evolution of the following processes involved in language: (a) identifying and producing phonemes, (b) processing compositional rules underlying vocal utterances, and (c) associating vocal utterances with meanings. To this end, firstly, I examine research on the presence of these abilities in animals, and the biologically ancient nature of emotional vocalizations. Secondly, I review research attesting to the facilitating effect of emotional voice intonation on these abilities in humans. Thirdly, building on these studies in animals and humans, and through taking an evolutionary perspective, I provide insights for future empirical work on the facilitating effect of emotional intonation on these three processes in animals and preverbal humans. In this work, I highlight the importance of a comparative approach to investigate language evolution empirically. This review supports Darwin’s hypothesis, according to which the ability to express emotions through voice modulation was a key step in the evolution of spoken language.
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Sergay, Timothy D. ""A Music of Letters": Reconsidering Eikhenbaum's "Melodics of Verse"." Slavic and East European Journal 59, no. 2 (2015): 194–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.30851/59.2.002.
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Boris Eikhenbaum’s daring study of verse intonation, The Melodics of the Russian Lyric Verse [Melodika russkogo liricheskogo stikha], published by OPOIAZ in 1922, was a landmark text in Eikhenbaum’s biography and the history of Russian Formalism. This retrospective review-essay sets Melodics in multiple contexts. These include the “phonocentrism” of early 20th-century Russian culture, the interest in Germano-American Ohrenphilologie (aural or acoustic philology) shared by scholars of the Institute of the Living Word; Eikhenbaum’s estrangement from both the linguistics of Eduard Sievers and the circumspect academicism represented by his friend Viktor Zhirmunsky; his attraction to the early Formalist concepts of Viktor Shklovsky and Osip Brik; and even, despite his initial revulsion for Futurism, his acceptance in verse-study methodology of a Futurist concept of considerably desemanticized poetic language. A methodological critique of Melodics and related articles correlates Eikhenbaum’s interest in verse declamation with the concept of osmyslennaia intonatsiia [“meaningful or conceptualized intonation”] then being developed by the musicologist Boris Asafyev. Eikhenbaum, a serious student of the violin and piano, and the composer-theorist Asafyev noted one another’s work on speech intonation with great sympathy. They shared an interest in Mussorgsky’s conscious derivation of melos from speech, but their models of intonation, it is argued here, proved incompatible, even antithetical. A review of logical conundrums in Melodics, partly supported by Zhirmunsky’s contemporary review, focuses on a contradictory relationship to a causative model of linguistics and “technical” empiricism, and a fundamental petitio principii in Eikhenbaum’s presumption that in verses of “the melodious type” “the melodic use of speech intonation is the fundamental factor in their composition” (Melodics 17). What remains of permanent value in Melodics is a body of brilliant syntactical observations on Zhukovsky, Pushkin, Lermontov, Tiutchev, and Fet. As Eikhenbaum himself argued: “theories perish or change, but the facts discovered and established with their help remain” (Melodics 195).
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Park, Joseph Sung-Yul. "Cognitive and interactional motivations for the intonation unit." Studies in Language 26, no. 3 (November 1, 2002): 637–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.26.3.07par.
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While the intonation unit (IU) has been characterized as a cognitive unit in earlier research, recent studies have revealed its interactional aspects as well. Using data from spoken Korean, this study presents evidence which shows that the IU is motivated both cognitively and interactionally, and proposes an interpretation of the IU that incorporates both of these bases, arguing that the IU serves as an interactional resource that speakers and listeners may rely on in organizing their talk, while it is the cognitive nature of the IU itself that allows the IU to serve as such a resource.
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Sokyska, Olha. "PROSODIC ORGANISATION OF REFUSAL UTTERANCES: THEIR CORRECT CODING, DECODING AND ACTUALISATION IN ENGLISH DIALOGUE SPEECH." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 10(78) (February 27, 2020): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-10(78)-198-202.
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The article focuses on the specificity of correct coding and decoding of refusal utterances in English dialogue speech and their intonation patterns taking full account of the importance of a communicative context in which the utterances occur. The author states that the communicative context to be considered while perceiving the refusal intonation patterns includes the following complex of factors: the communicative situation (formal, informal), the relation of speaker’s social status to the recipient’s status (higher, equal, and lower), the explicit or implicit form of the refusal, the speaker’s socio-cultural level (high. mid, low), emotional-and-pragmatic potential of the utterance (high, mid, low) as well as the class of reasons for the refusal utterances generation “I do not want to”, “I cannot”, “I can but I do not want to”, “I want but I cannot”). In this paper the author studies the suprasegmental level means contributing to correct coding and decoding of the utterance information and the speaker’s emotional state and his/her pragmatic intention. 70 students of Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute aged 18-21 took part in the experiment. The author reports the results of the study of difficulties experienced by learners while mastering intonation patterns of English refusal utterances. The results of the research prove that intonation plays the leading role in correct encoding and decoding of refusal utterances’ meaning.
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Ortega-Llebaria, Marta, Daniel J. Olson, and Alba Tuninetti. "Explaining Cross-Language Asymmetries in Prosodic Processing: The Cue-Driven Window Length Hypothesis." Language and Speech 62, no. 4 (November 16, 2018): 701–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830918808823.
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Cross-language studies have shown that English speakers use suprasegmental cues to lexical stress less consistently than speakers of Spanish and other Germanic languages ; accordingly, these studies have attributed this asymmetry to a possible trade-off between the use of vowel reduction and suprasegmental cues in lexical access. We put forward the hypothesis that this “cue trade-off” modulates intonation processing as well, so that English speakers make less use of suprasegmental cues in comparison to Spanish speakers when processing intonation in utterances causing processing asymmetries between these two languages. In three cross-language experiments comparing English and Spanish speakers’ prediction of hypo-articulated utterances in focal sentences and reporting speech, we have provided evidence for our hypothesis and proposed a mechanism, the Cue-Driven Window Length model, which accounts for the observed cross-language processing asymmetries between English and Spanish at both lexical and utterance levels. Altogether, results from these experiments illustrated in detail how different types of low-level acoustic information (e.g., vowel reduction versus duration) interacted with higher-level expectations based on the speakers’ knowledge of intonation providing support for our hypothesis. These interactions were coherent with an active model of speech perception that entailed real-time adjusting to feedback and to information from the context, challenging more traditional models that consider speech perception as a passive, bottom-up pattern-matching process.
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STEWART, CHRISTOPHER M. "On the Socio-Indexicality of a Parisian French Intonation Contour." Journal of French Language Studies 22, no. 2 (September 16, 2011): 251–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269511000457.
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ABSTRACTThis study examines how intonation contours prevalent in a Parisian French urban youth vernacular (Conein and Gadet, 1998; Fagyal 2003, 2005) index sociolinguistic meanings for Parisian French listeners. In a web-based experiment, listeners placed recordings with stress patterns ranging from clearly penultimate (‘non-standard’) to clear phrase-final (‘standard’) in cities whose linguistic correctness they had previously evaluated. Stimuli with the most numerous and strongest cues to penultimate prominence were reliably identified with cities low in linguistic prestige. Sociolinguistic experience was shown to predict stimulus evaluations. The conclusions reached speak to the socio-indexicality of certain Parisian intonation contour types and the methodology used herein may lend itself to future studies of socially sensitive language variation.
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Rangarathnam, Balaji, Sreejyothi Bhaskaran, and R. Manjula. "Narrative Anacrusis: A Descriptive Analysis in Healthy Adults Speaking English." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 5, no. 1 (November 14, 2014): 528–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v5i1.5198.
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Anacrusis is the tendency to produce one or more unstressed syllables at the beginning of an utterance in a language. Such syllables are often pronounced rapidly and strongly reduced in duration. Anacrusis has been reported extensively in music, while studies related to spoken language are sparse. This study aimed to analyze the occurrences of anacrusis in narrative speech of healthy Asian-Indian adults speaking English. This was carried out by perceptually identifying the intonation groups and to identify anacrustic and non-anacrustic occurrences with reference to the primary stress and to acoustically verify the presence of ‘anacrusis using the measure verage syllable duration index. Ten healthy Asian-Indian adults [5 males and 5 females] within the age range of 18-25 years, proficient in English, participated in the study. The task was to narrate on a topic (college life) for 1 minute. The samples were audio recorded and perceptually analyzed for primary stress. Further, the average syllable duration of each utterance was calculated. Results suggest that anacrusis was often noticed in the initial part of the intonation groups but there were few instances where the anacrustic segments occurred in the medial or final positions also. More identifications of primary stress were observed in the non-anacrustic utterances compared to the anacrustic utterances. Average syllable duration increased as the word position moved from first word position to the final word position in an intonation group suggesting the presence of anacrusis. The anacrustic and non-anacrustic segments in each intonation groups on an average exhibited a 1/3rd: 2/3rd representation.
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al-Laṭīf, Muḥammad cAbd. "The Plurality of Declension in the Qur'anic Sentence." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 5, no. 2 (October 2003): 174–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2003.5.2.174.
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This study explores the plurality of declension in the Qur'anic sentence, suggesting that it is one of the aspects of its inimitability. This plurality is based upon and often referenced to Qur'anic readings. The features which lead to plurality include: 1. ellipsis, and the attempt to identify its components. 2. difficulties that arise from the lack of intonation in a written text of the Qur'an, and the resultant multiplicity in syntactic function. 3. the fact that syntactic markers are not always apparent.
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Szymaniuk, Dorota. "Z badań porównawczych nad intonacją w języku angielskim i rosyjskim." Białostockie Archiwum Językowe, no. 10 (2010): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/baj.2010.10.23.
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The article consists of two parts. In the first part the issues connected with English-Russian contrastive studies on intonation are discussed. In the second one the results of the perceptual-acoustic experiment on the melodic structure of English and Russian utterances expressing enthusiasm and irritation are presented.
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Kirchhoff, Frank, and Beatrice Primus. "The architecture of punctuation systems." Written Language and Literacy 17, no. 2 (September 22, 2014): 195–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.17.2.02kir.
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Punctuation systems are explained by three architectural designs in the pertinent literature. The first one is rooted in rhetoric and ties punctuation solely to intonation; the second is pluralistic and considers not only intonation but also style, semantics, and grammar, i.e. syntax. The third model links punctuation solely to grammar, i.e. syntax. These distinctions are meant to explain both typological and historical variation in punctuation systems. The different punctuation types are mainly distinguished by the comma or virgule, which, therefore, will be the main topic of this paper. Linguistic research has shifted its focus from rhetoric to grammar and consequently, modern comma systems, including those that were previously analyzed as intonation-driven, are explained in grammatical terms by an increasing number of researchers. However, there are only few studies dealing with historical punctuation from a grammatical perspective and no study which is based on a more extensive corpus analysis. This article will fill this gap by analyzing the use of the virgule in Matthew’s Gospel in Luther’s bible (1545). In order to capture the major and systematic uses of the comma or virgule as well as its minor and less systematic uses, we propose a layered multi-dimensional model. Keywords: architecture of punctuation; historical punctuation system; comma; virgule; typology
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Gooden, Shelome. "Intonation and Prosody in Creole Languages: An Evolving Ecology." Annual Review of Linguistics 8, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 343–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-031120-124320.
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Research on the prosody and intonation of creole languages has largely remained an untapped resource, yet it is important for enriching our understanding of how or if their phonological systems changed or developed under contact. Further, their hybrid histories and current linguistic ecologies present descriptive and analytical treasure troves. This has the potential to inform many areas of linguistic inquiry including contact effects on the typological classification of prosodic systems, socioprosodic variation (individual and community level), and the scope of diversity in prosodic systems among creole languages and across a variety of languages similarly influenced by language contact. Thus, this review highlights the importance of pushing beyond questions of creole language typology and genetic affiliation. I review the existing research on creole language prosody and intonation, provide some details on a few studies, and highlight some key challenges and opportunities for the subfield and for linguistics in general.
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Ivanova, Yu M. "Synergy of intonation and emotions in children’s choral performance." Culture of Ukraine, no. 75 (March 21, 2022): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31516/2410-5325.075.15.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the article. At the present stage, choral performance has reached a new level, which is characterized by increased attention to the artistic side of the performance, which is accompanied by a tendency to emotionality, dramatization, synthesis of different arts. Brightness and emotionality of choral performance is determined by the degree of emotional impact on the audience. The conductor together with his group strives for the artistic performance of the choir on the stage, for joint creativity. Emotions play a special role in working with a children’s choir. Due to emotional influence, children’s cognitive and mental activity increases, physiological and mental mechanisms of perception are activated.
Therefore, for children’s choral performance it is important to understand theoretically the impact of emotions on the quality of choral intonation. Emotions are manifested at different levels of performance — from the initial (acquaintance in the work) to the concert. The purpose of the article is to identify aspects of the interaction of intonation and emotions in the work of the children’s choir.
The methodology consists of in the application of general scientific principles of art history and cultural studies. The following approaches are used in the work: system-analytical approach — for studying art history, culturological, pedagogical literature; informational and historical-logical approaches — to consider the theoretical and methodological features of the children’s choir.
The results. The degree of emotionality of choral performance is the main indicator of choral artistry, it’s influence on the audience. Emotions are of paramount importance in working with a children’s choir. The quality of choral intonation depends on emotions and is manifested at different levels of children’s choir. Emotion organizes the process of formation and realization of a work of art at the level of rehearsal work. Emotion affects the ensemble, sound quality, purity of intonation, ensemble, structure, rhythmic organization at the level of vocal and choral performance techniques. Nonverbal emotions of the conductor (movements, facial expressions) stimulate the concert performance of the work. Emotions affect the creation of the form of the work, they dividing or combining it. It is proved that based on the emotional response and speech intonation, it is possible to significantly improve the performance of the children’s choir. The study of synergistic aspects of choral performance will expand the horizons of choral thought.
The scientific novelty. For the first time the synergy of emotionality and choral intonation at different levels of performance in the work of children’s choir is substantiated.
The practical significance. The study of the synergy of emotions and intonation in choral performance will expand the aspects of the development of choral thinking, it will be useful for leaders of children’s choirs.
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Oliinyk, T. I. "INTONATION CULTURE OF THE PIANIST: THEORETICAL ASPECT." Innovate Pedagogy 1, no. 50 (2022): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2663-6085/2022/50.1.35.
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