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Spasic, Danijela, Dag Kolarevic, and Zoran Lukovic. "Femicide in partnership relations." Temida 20, no. 3 (2017): 411–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1703411s.
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In numerous studies in the world, the existence of femicide as a specific form of homicide has been confirmed, indicating its conditions and consequences and the strongest risk factors. The subject of this paper is femicide in intimate partnership, and the aim is to point to the specific characteristics of femicide in intimate parner relationships in Serbia, i.e. to present and analyse the data obtained in the empirical research of this form of murder. The empirical research of femicide in intimate partner relationships in Serbia was conducted in 2016 on the sample of 153 cases of murder of women in the context of intimate partnership, which occurred on the territory of Serbia (without Kosovo and Metohija) in the period from 2001 to 2015. The objectives of the research were to determine the existence and identification of risk factors for femicide. The data was collected from the criminal reports filed by the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia. The findings of the study confirmed the results of other studies in regard prevalence of femicide and the existence of the following risk factors: exposure of women to chronic intimate partner violence, the availability of firearms, the influence of alcohol and psychoactive substances abuse, the presence of psychological disorders and illness and suicidal tendencies of perpetrators. By applying multidimensional scaling in analyzing elements of crime offending the specific position of suicides that occur in certain number of cases after femicide was pointed out. There was a slight tendency of absence of history of violence in cases where perpetrator of femicide committed suicide.
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Mathews, Catherine, Moira O. Kalichman, Ria Laubscher, Cameron Hutchison, Koena Nkoko, Mark Lurie, and Seth C. Kalichman. "Sexual relationships, intimate partner violence and STI partner notification in Cape Town, South Africa: an observational study." Sexually Transmitted Infections 94, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053434.
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ObjectivesWe aimed to identify individual and sexual partnership characteristics associated with partner notification (PN) among people with STI. We hypothesised that PN would be less likely in more casual sexual partnerships and in partnerships with intimate partner violence (IPV).MethodsWe conducted an observational study among the first 330 patients with STI enrolled in a trial of a behavioural intervention to reduce STI incidence, at a clinic in a poor, Cape Town community. We included 195 index patients (those reporting STI symptoms), and conducted longitudinal analyses using participant-completed questionnaires on the day of diagnosis and 2 weeks later. Using partnership data for five recent sexual partners, we assessed factors associated with reported PN with logistic regressions, adjusting for repeated measurements on the same participant for each partner.ResultsThe sample included 99 males with 303 partners and 96 females with 158 partners. Males reported perpetrating IPV in 46.2% of partnerships. Females reported being IPV victims in 53.2% of partnerships. Males notified 58.1%, females 75.4% of partners during the 2 weeks following diagnosis. Type of partner was an independent correlate of PN for males and females, with the odds of PN lower in more casual partnerships. For males, reporting physical IPV perpetration in the partnership was an independent correlate of PN. For females, there was no association between IPV victimisation in a partnership and PN.ConclusionsEfforts to decrease the pool of infectious partners need to have a strong focus on the promotion of PN in casual relationships and one-night stands. IPV was not identified as a barrier to PN. In future, we need to investigate the association between IPV with an objective measure of PN success such as partner testing or treatment, or index patient reinfection.Clinical trial registrationPACTR201606001682364; Pre-results.
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Gmelin, Theresa, Claire A. Raible, Rebecca Dick, Surabhi Kukke, and Elizabeth Miller. "Integrating Reproductive Health Services Into Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Victim Service Programs." Violence Against Women 24, no. 13 (December 25, 2017): 1557–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801217741992.
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This study assessed the feasibility of integrating reproductive health services into intimate partner violence/sexual violence (IPV/SV) programs. After a training for victim service agencies on integration of health services, we conducted semistructured interviews with IPV/SV program leadership. Leadership reported advocates were more likely to recognize the need to refer clients to health services, and revealed challenges operationalizing partnerships with health care centers. Training to integrate basic health assessment into victim services may be one way to address women’s urgent health needs. Formal partnership agreements, protocols to facilitate referrals, and opportunities to cross-train are needed to nurture these cross-sector collaborations.
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Leskošek, Vesna, Miha Lučovnik, Lucija Pavše, Tanja Premru Sršen, Megie Krajnc, Ivan Verdenik, and Vislava Globevnik Velikonja. "The role of health services in encouraging disclosure of violence against women." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 56, no. 4 (October 9, 2017): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2017-0030.
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Abstract Introduction The aim of the survey was to assess the differences in disclosure by the type of violence to better plan the role of health services in identifying and disclosing violence. Methods A validated, anonymous screening questionnaire (NorAQ) for the identification of female victims of violence was offered to all postpartum women at a single maternity unit over a three-month period in 2014. Response rate was 80% (1018 respondents). Chi square test was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05 significant). Results There are differences in disclosure by type of violence. Nearly half (41.5%) of violence by health care services was not reported, compared to 33.7% physical, 23.4% psychological, and 32.5% sexual that was reported. The percentage of violence in intimate partnership reported to health care staff is low (9.3% to 20.8%), but almost half of the violence experienced by heath care services (44%) is reported. Intimate partnership violence is more often reported to the physician than to the psychologist or social worker. Violence in health care service is reported also to nurses. Conclusions Disclosure enables various institutions to start with the procedures aimed at protecting victims against violence. Health workers should continuously encourage women to speak about violence rather than asking about it only once. It is also important that such inquiries are made on different levels of health care system and by different health care professions, since there are differences to whom women are willing to disclose violence.
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Leadley, Katrin, Catherine L. Clark, and Raul Caetano. "Couples' Drinking Patterns, Intimate Partner Violence, and Alcohol-Related Partnership Problems." Journal of Substance Abuse 11, no. 3 (May 2000): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-3289(00)00025-0.
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Kotanen, Riikka. "The Rise of the Crime Victim and Punitive Policies? Changes to the Legal Regulation of Intimate Partner Violence in Finland." Violence Against Women 24, no. 12 (October 25, 2017): 1433–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801217733559.
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This article examines intimate partnership violence as a question of criminal justice policy in Finland, and contributes to criminological discussions regarding oft-stated connections between the politicization of the victim, the treatment of offenders, and repressive criminal justice policies. In this discussion, legislation aiming to regulate and prevent violence against women has often been utilized as an example of such punitive policies. Although criminal policies in Nordic countries differ significantly from more punitive Anglophone policies, punitive tendencies, it has been argued, have increased in the former, too. This article analyzes the change in legal regulations and the criminal political status of intimate partner violence in Finland between 1990 and 2004, while examining the juxtaposition of victims and offenders alongside repressive demands.
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Flake, Tânia Aldrighi, Claudia Barros, Lilia B. Schraiber, and Paulo Rossi Menezes. "Intimate partner violence among undergraduate students of two universities of the state of São Paulo, Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 16, no. 4 (December 2013): 801–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-790x2013000400001.
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INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of violence in intimate relationships, suffered or perpetrated, was estimated among undergraduate students, be it physical, psychological and sexual, describing the overlap between them. This is an original study and there is scarce literature on this matter in Brazil. Men and women were investigated and some issues on gender violence were discussed. METHODS: The study is part of the multicenter survey "International Study of Violence in Dating - IDVS" conducted in 2002 - 2003, using its standardized instrument. A total of 362 students, from two universities in the state of São Paulo, one public and one private, answered the self-reported questionnaire, being 37% male and 63% female, mean age of 20 years old. Suffered and perpetrated intimate partner violence during life was examined. RESULTS: Among all interviewees, 75.9% suffered and 76.4% perpetrated some kind of violence throughout life. Psychological violence was the most prevalent type, followed by sexual violence, both suffered and perpetrated. The great superposition between suffered and perpetrated violence (83.9%) reflects the reciprocity of aggression, with no observed difference between men and women. The results of this study are consistent with previous literature on dating violence, which shows high prevalence of suffered and perpetrated violence, besides reciprocity for both men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Intervention actions at this stage of intimate relationships may potentially impact on subsequent marital partnership situations.
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McTavish, Jill R., Prabha S. Chandra, Donna E. Stewart, Helen Herrman, and Harriet L. MacMillan. "Child Maltreatment and Intimate Partner Violence in Mental Health Settings." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 25, 2022): 15672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315672.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment (physical, emotional, sexual abuse, neglect, and children’s exposure to IPV) are two of the most common types of family violence; they are associated with a broad range of health consequences. We summarize evidence addressing the need for safe and culturally-informed clinical responses to child maltreatment and IPV, focusing on mental health settings. This considers clinical features of child maltreatment and IPV; applications of rights-based and trauma- and violence-informed care; how to ask about potential experiences of violence; safe responses to disclosures; assessment and interventions that include referral networks and resources developed in partnership with multidisciplinary and community actors; and the need for policy and practice frameworks, appropriate training and continuing professional development provisions and resources for mental health providers. Principles for a common approach to recognizing and safely responding to child maltreatment and IPV are discussed, recognizing the needs in well-resourced and scarce resource settings, and for marginalized groups in any setting.
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Card, Claudia. "Gay Divorce: Thoughts on the Legal Regulation of Marriage." Hypatia 22, no. 1 (2007): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2007.tb01147.x.
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Although the exclusion of LGBTs from the rites and rights of marriage is arbitrary and unjust, the legal institution of marriage is itself so riddled with injustice that it would be better to create alternative forms of durable intimate partnership that do not invoke the power of the state. Card's essay develops a case for this position, taking up an injustice sufficiently serious to constitute an evil: the sheltering of domestic violence.
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Ham, Carolyn, and Cory Bolkan. "Applying Evidence-Based Violence Prevention Strategies to Elder Abuse in Public Health." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.148.
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Abstract Elder abuse is a growing problem with significant public health implications. Because elder abuse shares root causes with other types of violence (e.g., suicidal behavior, intimate partner violence), awareness of elder abuse as a violence prevention priority is rising among public health professionals. Major limitations, however, affect delivery of effective population-level primary prevention for elder abuse, necessitating increased community partnerships. In Washington State, the Department of Health’s Injury and Violence Prevention Section and the Department of Social and Health Services Adult Protective Services Division are leveraging existing strategies to increase identification and reporting of potential elder abuse from falls and injury prevention partners (i.e., opioids, suicide). We describe: (1) challenges and opportunities in creating unique cross-program collaborations, (2) the combined education and outreach efforts of this partnership, and (3) strategies for sustained collaboration. Additionally, we share results of a scoping literature review on evidence-based violence prevention strategies applicable to elder abuse between 2015 – 2019. In the Pubmed and Academic Search Complete databases, the following terms were searched: elder abuse prevention, primary prevention, shared risk and protective factors. Only six articles were identified that addressed primary prevention efforts. Researchers note that primary prevention of elder abuse is poorly understood and challenges exist in applying methods from other types of violence. Education for key community members on identification of abuse is a promising intervention targeting shared risk and protective factors for public health to pursue. Cross-sector community partnerships and rigorous evaluation of primary prevention approaches are needed.
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Maciak, Barbara J., Ricardo Guzman, Anna Santiago, Graciela Villalobos, and Barbara A. Israel. "Establishing LA VIDA: A Community-Based Partnership to Prevent Intimate Violence against Latina Women." Health Education & Behavior 26, no. 6 (December 1999): 821–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019819902600606.
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Wennerstrom, Ashley, Catherine Haywood, Maeve Wallace, Meredith Sugarman, Ashlee Walker, Trupania Bonner, Yana Sutton, et al. "Creating Safe Spaces: A Community Health Worker-Academic Partnered Approach to Addressing Intimate Partner Violence." Ethnicity & Disease 28, Supp (September 6, 2018): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.28.s2.317.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a persistent public health problem in the United States, with an estimated one in three women experiencing rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner within her lifetime. Non-Hispanic Black women disproportionately experience IPV, but there has been limited success in implementing culturally appropriate prevention programs and services for members of this population. Community health workers (CHWs) are trusted members of under-resourced communities who provide reliable health information and improve the cultural appropriateness of service delivery and may be a vital resource for developing new IPV interventions. Guided by the principles of community partnered participatory research, we developed the CHW-led Safe Spaces project, which aimed to establish a strong academic-community partnership to focus on issues related to experiences of IPV and the prevention of IPV in New Orleans. In this article, we describe the development of our partnership including the formation of an advisory board, creation of a broad-based stakeholder coalition, offering a community partnered participatory research training, conducting IPV education and outreach, and establishing a research agenda. Our processes are replicable and lessons learned may be relevant to other groups seeking to address IPV by leveraging the strengths of community-academic collaborations and CHWs.Ethn Dis. 2018;28(Suppl 2):317-324; doi:10.18865/ed.28.S2.317.
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Crabtree-Nelson, Sonya, Neil J. Vincent, and Itedal Shalabi. "Exploring the Experience of Arab American and Arab Immigrant Women With Intimate Partner Violence." Violence and Victims 33, no. 5 (October 2018): 918–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-17-00174.
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This article describes a study resulting from of a university–community partnership. The faculty of the university and the executive director of local community agency serving the local Arab American and Arab immigrant community had a shared interest in looking at the unique experiences and needs of Arab women survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). This led to a qualitative research project in which 25 Arab American women were interviewed about their experience with IPV. Contextual themes emerged related to cultural context, community response, and survival resilience. Implications for practice and direction for future research are discussed.
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Vatnar, Solveig Karin Bø, and Stål Bjørkly. "Victim of and Witness to Violence: An Interactional Perspective on Mothers’ Perceptions of Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence." Violence and Victims 26, no. 6 (2011): 830–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.26.6.830.
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This article reports a study of how mothers perceive the effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy and children’s exposure to IPV: (a) Do interactional aspects of IPV have a negative impact on the fetus during pregnancy or on the newborn baby? and (b) Is there a relationship between interactional aspects of IPV and (a) children’s risk of being exposed to IPV and (b) the age of the child when at risk for exposure to IPV? A representative sample of 137 IPV help-seeking mothers in Norway was interviewed. Severity of physical IPV and injury from sexual IPV increased the risk of consequences to the fetus. Frequency of physical and psychological IPV increased the likelihood of children’s exposure. Duration of the partnership increased the risk of children’s exposure to physical and sexual IPV. Finally, there was a negative linear association between children’s age when exposed for the first time and frequency of physical and psychological IPV.
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Davidov, Danielle M., Susan M. Jack, Stephanie S. Frost, and Jeffrey H. Coben. "Mandatory Reporting in the Context of Home Visitation Programs." Violence Against Women 18, no. 5 (May 2012): 595–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801212453278.
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The mandatory reporting of intimate partner violence (IPV) is a controversial issue that is receiving increased attention. A related concern is whether children’s exposure to IPV constitutes child maltreatment, making it reportable to child protective services. These issues have been relatively unexplored within the context of home visitation programs. A secondary analysis of qualitative data collected from community stakeholders, clients, and home visiting nurses in the Nurse–Family Partnership program was carried out. Participants’ perceptions about mandatory reporting of IPV and reporting of children’s exposure to IPV are highlighted. Emergent themes and implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.
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Garcia-Vergara, Esperanza, Nerea Almeda, Blanca Martín Ríos, David Becerra-Alonso, and Francisco Fernández-Navarro. "A Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Associated with Intimate Partner Femicide: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12 (June 15, 2022): 7336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127336.
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There has been a growing concern about violence against women by intimate partners due to its incidence and severity. This type of violence is a severe problem that has taken the lives of thousands of women worldwide and is expected to continue in the future. A limited amount of research exclusively considers factors related only to these women’s deaths. Most focus on deaths of both men and women in an intimate partnership and do not provide precise results on the phenomenon under study. The necessity for an actual synthesis of factors linked solely to women’s deaths in heterosexual relationships is key to a comprehensive knowledge of that case. This could assist in identifying high-risk cases by professionals involving an interdisciplinary approach. The study’s objective is to systematically review the factors associated with these deaths. Twenty-four studies found inclusion criteria extracted from seven databases (Dialnet, Web of Science, Pubmed, Criminal Justice, Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection, Academic Search Ultimate, and APA Psyarticles). The review was carried out under the PRISMA guidelines’ standards. The studies’ quality assessment complies with the MMAT guidelines. Findings revealed that there are specific factors of the aggressor, victim, partner’s relationship, and environment associated with women’s deaths. The results have implications for predicting and preventing women’s deaths, providing scientific knowledge applied to develop public action programs, guidelines, and reforms.
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Leskošek, Vesna. "The health condition of female victims of violence / Zdravje žensk, ki doživljajo nasilje." Slovenian Journal of Public Health 52, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2013-0016.
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Abstract Introduction: The article addresses one of the most vulnerable social groups - women who have experienced various types of violence. The problem is presented through a discussion of the consequences of violence on women’s health. Based on the analysis of the research data, the article proposes measures that should boost health care policies in handling violence against women. Methods: The source of data is the Survey on Violence Against Women in the private sphere and partnership relations conducted in 2010. The sample consisted of 3000 women, equally stratified by age, type of neighbourhood and region. The research was quantitative and the response rate was 25% (n=752), which is an average response rate when researching intimate spheres accompanied by fear, shame or emotional distress. Results: The results have shown that violence has a powerful and lasting effect on health. In some cases, injuries lead to lasting disability. Psychological and mental disorders are also present, including depression, nightmares, fear, shame, anger, the feeling of threat and distrust. The problems are compounded by a distrust of professional help, which further affects their health condition. Conclusions: health policies should include training and knowledge of the causes, dynamics and consequences of violence, so that women could be encouraged to report violence. The first step was made when the relevant rules of procedures were adopted, but the process must continue with the drawing of protocols, the definition of the responsibility of individual professions within health care and cooperation with other institutions.
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Ragavan, Maya I., Vanessa Ferre, and Megan Bair-Merritt. "Thrive: A Novel Health Education Mobile Application for Mothers Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence." Health Promotion Practice 21, no. 2 (December 24, 2019): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839919890870.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) has well-documented adverse impact on survivors and their children. In this article, we describe the development and formative evaluation of a trauma-informed, user-friendly Smartphone-based mobile application (app) to address the unmet health needs and improve the well-being of mothers who have experienced IPV. A multidisciplinary team of IPV experts developed the app (called Thrive) in partnership with software developers. Thrive includes three sections: Myself (maternal self-care, stress coping skills), My Child (stress signs in children, talking to children about IPV, mother–child dyadic communication), and My Life (hospital- and community-based resources). Sixteen providers (social workers, IPV advocates, and health care providers) and eight IPV survivors provided feedback about Thrive via structured interviews. Participants found Thrive to be user-friendly, informative, trauma-informed, and a potential alternative to handouts. Participants had several recommendations including allowing users to add their own content and providing social support mechanisms. Initial feedback sessions have demonstrated preliminary acceptability of one of the first health education apps for mothers who have experienced IPV. Next steps include revising Thrive based on user feedback, testing Thrive via a longitudinal outcome evaluation, and working with hospital and community-based partners to disseminate Thrive to IPV survivors around the country.
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Friesen, M. D., L. J. Woodward, L. J. Horwood, and D. M. Fergusson. "Childhood exposure to sexual abuse and partnership outcomes at age 30." Psychological Medicine 40, no. 4 (August 5, 2009): 679–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709990389.
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BackgroundIn this study, 30-year longitudinal data from the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS) were used to examine the associations between childhood exposure to sexual abuse and intimate relationship outcomes at age 30. In addition, a broad range of early childhood and family confounding factors were tested, and the role of intervening factors from adolescence was explored.MethodThe investigation analyzed data from a birth cohort of over 900 New Zealand adults studied to the age of 30. At ages 18 and 21 cohort members reported on any exposure to sexual abuse prior to age 16. This information, along with prospective data gathered in childhood and adolescence, was used to predict partnership outcomes at age 30.ResultsAfter adjustment for early childhood and family factors, exposure to more severe forms of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was associated with earlier and more frequent cohabitation, higher rates of perpetrated interpartner violence (IPV), and early parenthood, lower relationship satisfaction and investment. Several factors from adolescence partially or fully mediated these associations, notably a history of early consensual sexual intercourse, higher number of sexual partnerships, substance abuse problems, and self-esteem. After adjustment for intervening factors, exposure to CSA remained significantly associated with IPV.ConclusionsThe findings support a causal chain process, whereby early childhood and family factors place some individuals at risk for CSA. The extent of CSA exposure is related to adolescent risk taking, which in turn leads to early and more frequent cohabitation, risk of IPV, and lower relationship satisfaction and investment.
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Stöckl, Heidi, Lynnmarie Sardinha, Mathieu Maheu-Giroux, Sarah R. Meyer, and Claudia García-Moreno. "Physical, sexual and psychological intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence against women and girls: a systematic review protocol for producing global, regional and country estimates." BMJ Open 11, no. 8 (August 2021): e045574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045574.
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IntroductionIn 2013, the WHO published the first global and regional estimates on physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) and non-partner sexual violence (NPSV) based on a systematic review of population-based prevalence studies. In this protocol, we describe a new systematic review for the production of updated estimates for IPV and NPSV for global monitoring of violence against women, including providing the baseline for measuring Sustainable Development Goal to eliminate all forms of violence against women and girls.Methods and analysisThe systematic review will update and extend the previous search for population-based surveys (either nationally or subnationally representative) conducted among women aged 15+ years that measured the prevalence of physical, sexual, psychological and physical and/or sexual IPV, NPSV or sexual violence by any perpetrator up to December 2019. Data will be extracted separately for all age groups, setting (urban/rural), partnership status (currently partnered/ever partnered/all women) and recall period (lifetime prevalence/past 12 months). Studies will be identified from electronic searches of online databases of EMBASE, MEDLINE, Global Health and PsycInfo. A search of national statistics office homepages will be conducted for each country to identify reports on population-based, national or subnational studies that include data on IPV or NPSV published outside academic journals. Two reviewers will be involved in quality assessment and data extraction of the review. The review is planned to be updated on a continuous basis. All findings will undergo a country consultation process.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected. This systematic review will provide a basis and a follow-up tool for global monitoring of the Sustainable Development Goal Target 5.2 on the elimination of all forms of violence against women and girls.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017054100.
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Duncan, Thomas K., Ronald Stewart, Kimberly Joseph, Deborah A. Kuhls, Tracey Dechert, Sharven Taghavi, Stephanie Bonne, and Kazuhide Matsushima. "American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Prevention Committee review: Family Justice Centers—a not-so-novel, but unknown gem." Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open 6, no. 1 (June 2021): e000725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2021-000725.
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The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma requires that trauma centers demonstrate adequate financial support for an injury prevention program as part of the verification process. With the ongoing challenges that arise with important social determinants of health, trauma centers have the important task of navigating a patient through the complex process of obtaining services and tools for success. This summary from the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Prevention Committee focuses on a model that has been present for several years, but has not been brought to full awareness in the trauma world. It highlights the importance of the Family Justice Center concept that brings a multitude of organizations under one roof, thus eliminating the hurdles encompassed by trauma patients, seeking life-changing resources necessary to mitigate the impact of both community violence exposure and intimate partner/domestic violence. It discusses the potential benefits of a partnership between trauma centers and Family Justice Centers and similar models. Finally, it also raises awareness of important programmatic evaluation research required in the arena of injury prevention targeting a population whose outcomes are difficult to measure.
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Herrman, H. "Why mental health in young women is more at risk in the 21st century." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.788.
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The mental health of women and girls is endangered when they experience violence and gender-based discrimination, including poor access to education and lack of autonomy in the family and broader community. The conditions of conflict and poverty that foster violence against women, including systematic sexual violence, are growing across some world regions including parts of Africa and Asia, even while women are becoming more empowered in others. The prevalence of abuse of women at home appears to be high across the regions, and the widespread nature of other forms of violence such as genital mutilation and trafficking is increasingly recognised.The psychological consequences of violence increase the risk of mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety, including the risk of these conditions in the perinatal period. The services provided for women with mental ill health in primary health care, maternal and child health services, community mental health services or hospital settings do not in many places respond adequately to their needs. The inadequacies in response can reproduce or amplify the difficulties and injustices that women face in their lives, especially maltreatment as girls and intimate partner violence as adults.The World Psychiatric Association aims to increase awareness of the need for improved mental health of women and girls worldwide, especially in settings of disadvantage, conflict and adversity. It is also aiming to work in partnership with other health and non-health organisations to develop a platform for action to respond to the need – for health promotion, risk reduction and access to prevention and treatment services.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
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Solodovnikova, Ol΄ga B. "Sexual Behavior of Russian People of All Ages Amid the Pandemic (COVID-19)." Chelovek 32, no. 4 (2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s023620070016684-9.
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At the beginning of 2021, a team of the Field Research Center of the Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting (RANEPA) conducted two online surveys as part of the research work “Partnership and romantic relationships during the pandemic and afterwards”. The surveys deal with the issues of sexual behavior of Russian people. The topic of sexuality is tabooed no more, but remains sensitive, thus, men, people with an upper middle income, and with a higher education are more inclined to talk about sex in public. Sexual education and satisfaction with sex life are directly related to status, including not only money, profession, or gender, but mostly the presence of a permanent sexual partner. Despite the proliferation of traditional family values, it keeps being a basis for sexual well-being and a meaningful approach to intimate practices. The pandemic only reinforces the tendencies which have already been indicated: those who have a partner turn out to be more successful in their intimate life than those who rely on fleeting or casual relationships. At the same time, the quality of intimate life for many people is reduced due to subjective factors (fear and stress), as well as to objective problems and losses (loss of a spouse, illness, etc.). The affection of these tendencies in the longer term has yet to be explored. A discussion about sexuality open to all ages, requires redefinition of intimate life in terms of tenderness, care, altruism and positive communication, the search for “body language” demonstrating attention to the other than direct sexual intercourse. Positive sexuality includes three basic elements: 1) the rejection of any violence and the priority of “negotiation”; 2) acceptance of one’s own body and its changes; 3) lifelong sexual education as an experience of one's own mistakes as well as readiness for them. Such discourse on sexuality makes possible further studies of various social groups’ intimate life in Russia, making one of the factors of their subjective well-being less obscene.
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Harper, Gary W., Jessica Crawford, Katherine Lewis, Caroline Rucah Mwochi, Gabriel Johnson, Cecil Okoth, Laura Jadwin-Cakmak, Daniel Peter Onyango, Manasi Kumar, and Bianca D. M. Wilson. "Mental Health Challenges and Needs among Sexual and Gender Minority People in Western Kenya." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 1311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031311.
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Background: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people in Kenya face pervasive socio-cultural and structural discrimination. Persistent stress stemming from anti-SGM stigma and prejudice may place SGM individuals at increased risk for negative mental health outcomes. This study explored experiences with violence (intimate partner violence and SGM-based violence), mental health outcomes (psychological distress, PTSD symptoms, and depressive symptoms), alcohol and other substance use, and prioritization of community needs among SGM adults in Western Kenya. Methods: This study was conducted by members of a collaborative research partnership between a U.S. academic institution and a Kenyan LGBTQ civil society organization (CSO). A convenience sample of 527 SGM adults (92.7% ages 18–34) was recruited from community venues to complete a cross-sectional survey either on paper or through an online secure platform. Results: For comparative analytic purposes, three sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) groups were created: (1) cisgender sexual minority women (SMW; 24.9%), (2) cisgender sexual minority men (SMM; 63.8%), and (3) gender minority individuals (GMI; 11.4%). Overall, 11.7% of participants reported clinically significant levels of psychological distress, 53.2% reported clinically significant levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and 26.1% reported clinically significant levels of depressive symptoms. No statistically significant differences in clinical levels of these mental health concerns were detected across SOGI groups. Overall, 76.2% of participants reported ever using alcohol, 45.6% home brew, 43.5% tobacco, 39.1% marijuana, and 27.7% miraa or khat. Statistically significant SOGI group differences on potentially problematic substance use revealed that GMI participants were less likely to use alcohol and tobacco daily; and SMM participants were more likely to use marijuana daily. Lifetime intimate partner violence (IPV) was reported by 42.5% of participants, and lifetime SGM-based violence (SGMV) was reported by 43.4%. GMI participants were more likely than other SOGI groups to have experienced both IPV and SGMV. Participants who experienced SGMV had significantly higher rates of clinically significant depressive and PTSD symptoms. Conclusions: Despite current resilience demonstrated by SGM adults in Kenya, there is an urgent need to develop and deliver culturally appropriate mental health services for this population. Given the pervasiveness of anti-SGM violence, services should be provided using trauma-informed principles, and be sensitive to the lived experiences of SGM adults in Kenya. Community and policy levels interventions are needed to decrease SGM-based stigma and violence, increase SGM visibility and acceptance, and create safe and affirming venues for mental health care. Political prioritization of SGM mental health is needed for sustainable change.
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Foran, Christopher P., Damon H. Clark, Torey Alling, Irene Meza Sanchez, Briah Fischer, Reynold Henry, Kazuhide Matsushima, Kenji Inaba, and Demetrios G. Demetriades. "Laser Tattoo Removal: A New Tool for Hospital-based Violence Prevention?" American Surgeon 86, no. 10 (October 2020): 1337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003134820964443.
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Introduction Gang-related tattoos may increase an individual’s risk for violent victimization. We present our early experience using a physician-staffed tattoo removal initiative as 1 component of a violence prevention program. Methods Surgeons from our trauma department in partnership with a community advocacy group performed voluntary laser tattoo removal for individuals within our catchment area. Clients were asked to complete a voluntary, anonymous survey. This survey addressed tattoo acquisition, identified motives and goals for tattoo removal, and reported if those goals were met by the tattoo removal service. Issues involving gang affiliation and interpersonal violence were specifically queried. Results are listed as simple percentages. Results 81 of 122 (66%) program enrollees completed the survey. The average number of laser removal sessions at the time of questionnaire was 3 (range 1-15). 41% of respondents possessed gang or “crew” related tattoos. 22% of respondents possessed a tattoo related to an intimate partner who was gang affiliated. 21% of respondents desired tattoo removal for the motive of leaving gang affiliation with 94% of those respondents reporting success. 59% of respondents sought tattoo removal to improve employment opportunities with 81% of those respondents reporting success. 30% of respondents desired tattoo removal to improve personal safety or avoid violence with 80% of those respondents reporting success. Conclusion Stated client goals for tattoo removal and their subjective reports of success achieving these goals demonstrate the possible effectiveness of laser tattoo removal as a tool to help clients avoid future violence and progress toward gang disengagement. Trauma departments should consider laser tattoo removal as part of future violence prevention initiatives.
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Piraino, Giulia, Omar Carlo Gioacchino Gelo, Andrea Schito, Lydia Giménez-Llort, and Sara Invitto. "Social Odour Perception and Stress Responses in Women’s Quality of Partner Relationship and Attachment Style." Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 3 (March 9, 2023): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13030239.
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The perception of body and social odours (SOP) is crucial for interpersonal chemosensory signalling and mate choice, yet little is known about the role of the SOP on the quality of partnerships and the attachment style. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the SOP in women’s stress responses by considering the role of biopsychosocial variables in the quality of interpersonal relationships (also considering intimate partner violence). In total, 253 women filled out an online survey that included a series of questionnaires to investigate self-perceived stress (PSS), emotional regulation (ERQ), olfactory social assessment (SOS), quality of partnership (RRQ), attachment style (RQ), and the Conflict Tactile Scale 2 (CTS-2). The main results highlight that a high awareness of social odours correlates with a good quality of relationship and with an emotional regulation capacity; the PSS correlates negatively with the ERQ (i.e., as the PSS increases, the ERQ decreases). The level of IPV predicts an interpersonal style characterized by a low desire to develop meaningful relationships but with a tendency to depend on and trust another. The idea of being hurt by the other is not central in women who experience this type of relationship. The study’s main conclusion is that social odour perception is important for emotional regulation and in partner relationships.
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Abdullah, Abdullah. "Handling Cases of Sexual Violence against Children in North Aceh Regency (Overview: Law Number 23 Year 2002 and Aceh Qanun Number 11 Year 2008 Concerning Children Protection)." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 182–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i1.734.
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The impact of sexual violence in northern Aceh has destroyed the rule of law, individual rights and social order, through writing it will describe and analyze efforts to handle cases of sexual violence against children in the northern Aceh district. This type of research includes normative juridical research in which qualitative information and research data are mostly in the form of texts and a number of case studies. The results showed that: sexual violence against children in the district of North Aceh, namely rape, sexual harassment, sodomy, incest, escaping underage girls, molestation and intimidation. Adult actors sometimes have blood relations, kinship, educational relationships and have intimate relationships. Forms of handling cases by social services under the control of P2TP2A service units in collaboration or in partnership with various parties / institutions starting with assistance in the community, psychological recovery of victims, bringing victims to the doctor for vise and then proceed to the police station, continued to assist until the legal process in court there is legal certainty then the next handling will be handled by the government through the North Aceh district social service by maintaining security, fulfillment of restitution rights for victims, but this hope has not been realized maximally because the North Aceh district government has not made a comprehensive program for rehabilitation of victims, generally victims handed over to the family and facilitated to be entrusted in the salafi boarding school (traditional).
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Jack, Susan M., Melissa Kimber, Danielle Davidov, Marilyn Ford‐Gilboe, C. Nadine Wathen, Christine McKee, Masako Tanaka, et al. "Nurse‐Family Partnership nurses’ attitudes and confidence in identifying and responding to intimate partner violence: An explanatory sequential mixed methods evaluation." Journal of Advanced Nursing 77, no. 9 (July 20, 2021): 3894–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jan.14979.
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Passaro, R. Colby, Eddy R. Segura, Williams Gonzales-Saavedra, Jordan E. Lake, Amaya Perez-Brumer, Steven Shoptaw, James Dilley, Robinson Cabello, and Jesse L. Clark. "Sexual Partnership-Level Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Lima, Peru." Archives of Sexual Behavior 49, no. 7 (April 8, 2020): 2703–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01682-2.
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Wuest, Judith, Marilyn Merritt‐Gray, Norma Dubé, Marilyn J. Hodgins, Jeannie Malcolm, Jo Ann Majerovich, Kelly Scott‐Storey, Marilyn Ford‐Gilboe, and Colleen Varcoe. "The Process, Outcomes, and Challenges of Feasibility Studies Conducted in Partnership With Stakeholders: A Health Intervention for Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence." Research in Nursing & Health 38, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nur.21636.
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Closson, Kalysha, Tadiwa Nemutambwe, Zoë Osborne, Gem Y. Lee, Colby Hangle, Sadie Stephenson, Patience Magagula, et al. "Relationship and Gender Equity Measurement Among Gender-Inclusive Young Women and Non-Binary Youth in British Columbia (RE-IMAGYN BC): Planning a Youth-Led, Community-Based, Qualitative Research Study." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 22 (January 6, 2023): 160940692211484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069221148415.
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Gender-based power dynamics within intimate relationships such as controlling behaviours are driven by inequitable gender norms that perpetuate intimate partner violence (IPV). Yet, the ways in which we understand and measure gender-based power dynamics focus on the relationships of monogamous, cisgender, white, heterosexual women. This paper outlines our process of planning and implementing a qualitative, youth-led, community-based research (CBR) study exploring how diverse youth with intersecting identities perceive existing measures of gender equity and understand gender equity based on their own relationships. Between August-November 2022, we used purposive sampling to recruit 30 gender-inclusive young women and non-binary youth aged 17–29 with diverse identities, who live in British Columbia (BC), and have recent experience in a non-heterosexual and/or non-monogamous relationship (within prior 12 months). Using CBR methods, we hired and trained three Youth Research Associates (YRAs) and convened a 10-member Youth Advisory Committee (YAC) comprised of youth aged 19–28 years with queer, trans, and/or non-monogamous identities and experiences to consult on all aspects of our study. YRAs conducted cognitive interviews using an interview guide co-developed and piloted in partnership with the YAC and YRAs. Cognitive interviews explored youth perceptions of gender equity and two gender equity measures widely used in health research today. Interview data will be analyzed collaboratively using intersectional descriptive and thematic analysis. Results from our CBR study will be used to make recommendations to advance gender equity measurement to be more inclusive of and applicable to a diversity of youth relationships, experiences, and identities.
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Kuchukhidze, Salome, Dimitra Panagiotoglou, Marie-Claude Boily, Souleymane Diabaté, Jeffrey W. Imai-Eaton, Heidi Stöckl, Francisco Mbofana, Rhoda K. Wanyenze, and Mathieu Maheu-Giroux. "Characteristics of male perpetrators of intimate partner violence and implications for women’s HIV status: A pooled analysis of cohabiting couples from 27 countries in Africa (2000–2020)." PLOS Global Public Health 3, no. 9 (September 6, 2023): e0002146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002146.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) may increase women’s HIV acquisition risk. Still, knowledge on pathways through which IPV exacerbates HIV burden is emerging. We examined the individual and partnership-level characteristics of male perpetrators of physical and/or sexual IPV and considered their implications for women’s HIV status. We pooled individual-level data from nationally representative, cross-sectional surveys in 27 countries in Africa (2000–2020) with information on past-year physical and/or sexual IPV and HIV serology among cohabiting couples (≥15 years). Current partners of women experiencing past-year IPV were assumed to be IPV perpetrators. We used Poisson regression, based on Generalized Estimating Equations, to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) for male partner and partnership-level factors associated with perpetration of IPV, and men’s HIV status. We used marginal standardization to estimate the adjusted risk differences (aRD) quantifying the incremental effect of IPV on women’s risk of living with HIV, beyond the risk from their partners’ HIV status. Models were adjusted for survey fixed effects and potential confounders. In the 48 surveys available from 27 countries (N = 111,659 couples), one-fifth of women reported that their partner had perpetrated IPV in the past year. Men who perpetrated IPV were more likely to be living with HIV (aPR = 1.09; 95%CI: 1.01–1.16). The aRD for living with HIV among women aged 15–24 whose partners were HIV seropositive and perpetrated past-year IPV was 30% (95%CI: 26%-35%), compared to women whose partners were HIV seronegative and did not perpetrate IPV. Compared to the same group, aRD among women whose partner was HIV seropositive without perpetrating IPV was 27% (95%CI: 23%-30%). Men who perpetrated IPV are more likely to be living with HIV. IPV is associated with a slight increase in young women’s risk of living with HIV beyond the risk of having an HIV seropositive partner, which suggests the mutually reinforcing effects of HIV/IPV.
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Łukaszek, Maria, Małgorzata Zaborniak-Sobczak, and Remigiusz Kijak. "Partnership and Motivations for Starting a Family of One’s Own in the Opinions of Students with Disabilities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 11 (May 27, 2023): 5971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20115971.
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Creating and maintaining stable, happy intimate relationships is a right every individual has. Previous research has shown that people with disabilities are at risk of building unsatisfactory partner relationships. The aim of the study was to ascertain the beliefs of students with disabilities concerning their motives for starting families and, in regard to potential partners, their tolerance for risky life experiences and the personal qualities accepted. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 2847 university students in southeastern Poland. It was found that the following motives for entering into a permanent relationship were considered more important by students with disabilities than they were by students without disabilities: enhancement of self-esteem (p = 0.001), high economic potential of a partner (p = 0.007) and a shared system of values and interests (p = 0.036). Love (p = 0.031) and the mental qualities (p = 0.010) of a partner were considered less important by students with disabilities than they were by students without disabilities. Moreover, students with disabilities are far more likely than students without disabilities to accept disability (p < 0.001) in potential partners. They are also significantly more willing to enter into relationships with people who have risky life experiences, even in the form of violence against previous life partners (p < 0.015) and children (p = 0.001), addiction to alcohol (p < 0.001) or drugs (p = 0.01) and the resulting treatment, and those having served time in prison (p = 0.034). Educational and institutional support for students with disabilities should be intensified with regard to partner selection being satisfactory to both partners.
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Griffiths, Elizabeth, Carolyn Yule, and Rosemary Gartner. "Relationship (A)Symmetries and Violence: Comparing Intimates and NonPartners." Violence Against Women 24, no. 6 (June 16, 2017): 697–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801217711267.
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Violence between social equals differs in character from violence between persons in asymmetrical relationships. Specifically, issues of contention motivating violence vary by the relative status of opponents, such that violence over symbolic issues is more common between symmetrical than asymmetrical opponents. Recent studies have substantiated these predictions in nonpartner relationships. Using data from interviews of incarcerated women, this study explores how intimate partner violence compares with violence between nonpartner opponents. We find that intimate partner violence is more likely to involve symbolic issues compared with violence between all kinds of nonpartner opponents. Consequently, intimate partnerships might be viewed as hypersymmetrical.
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Tolley, Elizabeth E., Andres Martinez, Seth Zissette, Thesla Palanee-Phillips, Florence Mathebula, Siyanda Tenza, Miriam Hartmann, and Elizabeth T. Montgomery. "Evidence for use of a healthy relationships assessment tool in the CHARISMA pilot study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): e0261526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261526.
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Introduction The CHARISMA intervention, nested within the MTN-025/HOPE vaginal ring trial in Johannesburg, South Africa, seeks to facilitate women’s use of HIV prevention products by promoting partner dialogue and mitigating intimate partner violence (IPV). We developed “HEART”, a lay counselor-administered relationship assessment tool, for the CHARISMA pilot. The five-scale tool assesses participants’ endorsement of Traditional Values (TV), her HIV Prevention Readiness (HPR) and levels of partner support (PS), abuse and control (PAC), and resistance to HIV prevention (PR), guiding decisions about which of three counselling modules to offer (partner communication/A; ring disclosure/B; and IPV prevention/C). Methods We correlated baseline scores on HEART subscales with a) independent measures of relationship stability, disclosure and IPV to assess construct validity, and b) with specific modules offered to determine how HEART was used in the pilot. We examined changes in HEART scores at three and six months. Finally, we ran separate growth models for each subscale to examine changes in scores, accounting for partnership changes and counseling module(s) received. Results Baseline HEART scores correlated as predicted among subscales and with other measures. Reliabilities for four subscales were 0.75 or higher. Women who disclosed study participation and ring use scored higher on PS and lower on PR. Women experiencing IPV scored lower on PS, and higher on PAC and PR. During the pilot, 82% of women received one and 17% received two or more modules; over half received the IPV module. Women with higher PAC and PR scores were more likely to receive the IPV than the communication or disclosure modules. Over time, the TV, PAC and PR scores decreased, and PS score increased. Receiving the IPV module was associated with a decreased PAC score. Conclusions These data offer preliminary evidence for HEART construct and predictive validity and support its further evaluation to guide implementation and monitor the impact of the CHARISMA intervention in a randomized controlled evaluation.
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Hussain, Muhammad, Sana Batool, Sana Daud, Dr Suriya Hamid, Itrat Fatima Asghari, and Syed Raza Shah. "Intimate Partner Violence And Its Profound Effects On Maternal Well-Being And Mother-Child Interaction Within The Hazara Community." Migration Letters 21, S6 (February 17, 2024): 1262–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.59670/ml.v21is6.8234.
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Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a widespread social issue that has significant effects on women's health and wellbeing around the globe. This study examines the complex dynamics of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Pakistan and its effect on maternity and mother-child interaction. Utilizing a wide range of variables, including cultural influences, demographics, and the complex effects of intimate partner violence. Quantitative research study explores the intricate connections between intimate partner violence, maternity, and mother child interaction. The methodological approach involves data collection from various institutes of Quetta. A sample of 170 participants was selected through convenience sampling. Utilizing self-report questionnaire, demographic characteristics, the revised conflict Tactics Scale (RCTS), and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) are employed for analysis. Statistical analysis reveals significant correlation between PBQ and negotiation, physical assault, injury, Sexual Coercion and RCTS, which indicate problems bonding in intimate relationships, are linked to an increase in bargaining, physical assault, sexual coercion, injury, and overall relationship conflict. This association shows a possible link between decreased partner bonding and increased levels of conflict within partnerships. The RCTS shows a significant positive correlation between physical assault, sexual coercion, and injury, suggesting that higher levels of these issues may lead to higher levels of relationship conflict.
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Ackerman, Jeff, and Layton Field. "The Gender Asymmetric Effect of Intimate Partner Violence on Relationship Satisfaction." Violence and Victims 26, no. 6 (2011): 703–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.26.6.703.
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Our research examined the association between intimate partner violence and relationship satisfaction among victims. The negative association between victimization and relationship satisfaction was substantially stronger for females than for males. Comparisons between respondents reporting about same-sex relationships with those reporting about opposite-sex relationships provided evidence that the amplified victimization/satisfaction association among female victims is a victim-gender effect rather than an actor-gender effect. In other words, our findings suggest that aggression harms the quality of the intimate partnerships of females much more so than the partnerships of males regardless of whether a male or a female is the perpetrator. We supplemented dialogue about the direct implications of our findings with discussions about how these results may raise conceptual questions about the adequacy of the instruments scholars use to study partner aggression.
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Suarez, Nicolas A., Matthew J. Mimiaga, Robert Garofalo, Emily Brown, Anna Marie Bratcher, Taylor Wimbly, Marco A. Hidalgo, et al. "Dyadic Reporting of Intimate Partner Violence Among Male Couples in Three U.S. Cities." American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 4 (May 11, 2018): 1039–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988318774243.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent and pressing public health concern that affects people of all gender and sexual identities. Though studies have identified that male couples may experience IPV at rates as high as or higher than women in heterosexual partnerships, the body of literature addressing this population is still nascent. This study recruited 160 male–male couples in Atlanta, Boston, and Chicago to independently complete individual surveys measuring demographic information, partner violence experience and perpetration, and individual and relationship characteristics that may shape the experience of violence. Forty-six percent of respondents reported experiencing IPV in the past year. Internalized homophobia significantly increased the risk for reporting experiencing, perpetrating, or both for any type of IPV. This study is the first to independently gather data on IPV from both members of male dyads and indicates an association between internalized homophobia and risk for IPV among male couples. The results highlight the unique experiences of IPV in male–male couples and call for further research and programmatic attention to address the exorbitant levels of IPV experienced within some of these partnerships.
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Wiersma, Jacquelyn D., H. Harrington Cleveland, Veronica Herrera, and Judith L. Fischer. "Intimate Partner Violence in Young Adult Dating, Cohabitating, and Married Drinking Partnerships." Journal of Marriage and Family 72, no. 2 (April 2010): 360–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00705.x.
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Katz, Colleen C., Mark E. Courtney, and Beth Sapiro. "Emancipated Foster Youth and Intimate Partner Violence: An Exploration of Risk and Protective Factors." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 23-24 (July 26, 2017): 5469–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517720735.
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Due to their high rates of parental maltreatment and violence exposure, youth in the foster care system are considered particularly vulnerable to experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in adolescence and young adulthood. Those who have emancipated from foster care may be at a heightened risk, as they are significantly more likely to struggle in a variety of critical domains (i.e., mental health, substance use, and delinquency). This longitudinal study is the first to explore the impact of demographic, individual, family, and foster care system factors on IPV involvement for foster care alumni at age 23/24. Analyses were conducted on three waves of quantitative data from the Midwest Evaluation of the Adult Functioning of Former Foster Youth (the Midwest Study). We find that approximately 21% of the young adults in our sample were involved in some type of IPV at age 23/24, with bidirectional violence the most commonly reported form. Males were more likely than females to report IPV victimization, whereas females were more likely than males to report IPV perpetration and bidirectional violence. Young adults who reported parental IPV prior to foster care entry were more likely to be involved in bidirectionally violent partnerships than nonviolent partnerships in young adulthood, as were young adults who reported neglect by a foster caregiver and those who reported greater placement instability while in the foster care system. Anxiety at baseline increased the odds of IPV perpetration at age 23/24, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at baseline decreased the odds of IPV perpetration at age 23/24. Understanding the characteristics and experiences that place these young adults at risk for IPV will allow for more effective and targeted prevention efforts.
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Bagwell-Gray, Meredith E. "Women’s Healing Journey From Intimate Partner Violence: Establishing Positive Sexuality." Qualitative Health Research 29, no. 6 (October 29, 2018): 779–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732318804302.
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Survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) have an elevated risk for negative sexual health outcomes, including HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI). Given the unique risk contexts for survivors, there is a need for effective sexual health interventions that take into account the imbalances of power for women who are survivors of IPV. Toward the aim of informing contextually relevant intervention approaches, this article describes women’s strategies toward maintaining their sexual health in the context of violent, controlling relationships. Strategies are examined across women’s healing process. Data were collected through semi-structured, in-person interviews with women who had experienced IPV ( N = 28). Participants had a wide range of negative sexual health outcomes and commonly used an analogy of a journey to describe their healing. Throughout these journeys, women gained more confidence and ownership over their sexuality. Themes centered around enhanced self-acceptance, ownership of personal sexuality, and readiness for desirable sexual partnerships.
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McMahon, James M., Ruth Chimenti, Nicole Trabold, Theresa Fedor, Mona Mittal, and Stephanie Tortu. "Risk of Intimate Partner Violence and Relationship Conflict Following Couple-Based HIV Prevention Counseling: Results From the Harlem River Couples Project." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, no. 24 (August 27, 2015): 3709–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515600878.
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Heterosexual transmission of HIV often occurs in the context of intimate sexual partnerships. There is mounting evidence that couple-based HIV prevention interventions may be more effective than individual-based interventions for promoting risk reduction within such relationships. Yet, concerns have been raised about the safety of couple-based prevention approaches, especially with regard to the risk of intimate partner violence against women. Although several international studies have examined the potential for adverse consequences associated with couple-based interventions, with inconsistent results, there is little data from U.S. studies to shed light on this issue. The current study analyzed data from a randomized trial conducted in New York City with 330 heterosexual couples to examine whether participation in couple-based or relationship-focused HIV counseling and testing (HIV-CT) interventions resulted in an increased likelihood of post-intervention breakups, relationship conflicts, or emotional, physical, or sexual abuse, compared with standard individual HIV-CT. Multinomial logistic regression was used to model the odds of experiencing change in partner violence from baseline to follow-up by treatment condition. A high prevalence of partner-perpetrated violence was reported by both male and female partners across treatment conditions, but there was no conclusive evidence of an increase in relationship dissolution or partner violence subsequent to participation in either the couple-based HIV-CT intervention or relationship-focused HIV-CT intervention compared with controls. Qualitative data collected from the same participants support this interpretation. HIV prevention interventions involving persons in primary sexual partnerships should be sensitive to relationship dynamics and the potential for conflict, and take precautions to protect the safety of both male and female participants.
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Wojcik, Michelle L. T., Batya Y. Rubenstein, Amber A. Petkus, Maria Racadio, Valerie R. Anderson, Bonnie S. Fisher, Pamela Wilcox, and Amy Bleser. "Coming Together in the Fight Against Intimate Partner Violence: Lessons Learned From a Researcher–Practitioner Collaboration Evaluating Cincinnati’s Domestic Violence Enhanced Response Team (DVERT)." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 37, no. 2 (April 18, 2021): 221–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986221999861.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an insidious public health concern that affects people of all demographic backgrounds. In the city of Cincinnati, Ohio there has been a significant increase in IPV-related homicides over the past 5 years. Women Helping Women (WHW), a nonprofit organization that works to prevent gender-based violence, collaborated with Cincinnati Police Department (CPD) to create the Domestic Violence Enhanced Response Team (DVERT). Researchers from the University of Cincinnati School of Criminal Justice were invited to work with WHW to evaluate the program. This article discusses the history of the DVERT program and collaboration, obstacles that ensued, lessons learned, and successes of the relationship between the researchers, WHW, and CPD. Implications for other researchers and practitioners looking to form partnerships are discussed.
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Fedina, Lisa, Bethany L. Backes, Hyun-Jin Jun, Jordan DeVylder, and Richard P. Barth. "Police legitimacy, trustworthiness, and associations with intimate partner violence." Policing: An International Journal 42, no. 5 (October 10, 2019): 901–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-04-2019-0046.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the relationship among police legitimacy/trust and experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV), including victims’ decisions to report IPV to police and police responses to IPV. Design/methodology/approach Data were drawn from the 2017 Survey of Police–Public Encounters II – a cross-sectional, general population survey of adults from New York City and Baltimore (n=1,000). Regression analyses were used to examine associations among police legitimacy/trust, IPV exposure, police reporting of IPV, and perceived police responses to IPV and interaction effects. Findings Higher levels of IPV exposure were significantly associated with lower levels of police legitimacy/trust; however, this relationship was stronger among African–American participants than non-African–American participants. Higher levels of police legitimacy/trust were significantly associated with more positive police responses to IPV and this relationship was stronger among heterosexual participants than sexual minority participants. Research limitations/implications Future research should examine prospective relationships to understand causal mechanisms linking individual perceptions of police legitimacy/trust, experiences with IPV and victims’ interactions with police. Practical implications Low levels of legitimacy/trust between police and citizens may result, in part, if police are engaged in negative or inadequate responses to reports of IPV. Police–social work partnerships can enhance effective police responses to IPV, particularly to racial/ethnic and sexual minority individuals. Originality/value This study provides empirical evidence linking police legitimacy/trust to the experiences of IPV and perceived police responses to reports of IPV, including important group differences among victims based on race/ethnicity and sexual orientation.
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WAN MOHD HANAFI, WAN SOLIHA, TENGKU ALINA TENGKU ISMAIL, ANIS KAUSAR GHAZALI, ZAHARAH SULAIMAN, and AZIAH DAUD. "STATE-WIDE STUDY ON PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS ATTENDING PREMARITAL COURSES." Malaysian Applied Biology 50, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v50i2.1985.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health issue. Limited knowledge exists about IPV among young adults as they are in a critical period of transition to adulthood and encounter serious dating and partnerships. This study sought to determine the perceptions and factors associated with perceptions towards forms of IPV. A total of 305 young adults with the mean age of 24 years old, were recruited from premarital courses in Kelantan, using a random sampling method. After obtaining their consent to participate, the participants responded to a self-administered validated questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis revealed that misperceptions towards physical violence are significantly associated with female and high income; misperceptions towards psychological violence associated with female, self-employed and high income, and while misperceptions towards controlling actions related to female and middle income. The results highlight that this issue may due to a lack of education and cultural gender role. There is a need for efforts to accurately target these factors through comprehensive prevention programs to address IPV in this population more effectively.
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Amos, Atsiya, and Atsiya Pius. "INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE AND MATERNAL HEALTH IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID 19) LOCKDOWN MEASURE." International Journal of Advanced Studies in Business Strategies and Management 8, no. 1 (December 21, 2020): 40–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijasbsm.v8.i1.04.
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A very recent article published in The Guardian (2020) reported on how the surge of domestic violence cases is a pattern being repeated A very recent article published in The Guardian (2020) reported on how the surge of domestic violence cases is a pattern being repeated very recent article published in The Guardian (2020) reported on how the surge of domestic violence cases is a pattern being repeated Among measures recommended by the World Health organization to stem the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is the restriction of population movement (lockdown). With the lockdown, there appear to be a global surge in intimate partner violence (IPV) and how this impact on maternal health is the motivation for this study. Understanding IPV and how it influences maternal health, within an economic framework will be potentially relevant especially with the increasing use of lockdown to curb the surge of the virus. In this study, we identify factors of domestic violence against women within couples who were currently in marital or cohabiting partnerships. Also, we investigate whether domestic violence influences the decision of women to terminate pregnancies. We use data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Multivariate logistic regressions were used to model the predictors of domestic violence, and its influence on the decision to terminate pregnancies among married women. Of the 8,910 married women interviewed for domestic violence, 35.33% had ever experienced a form of domestic violence. We discover that having higher education, not being poor, and residing in urban areas reduce the odds of women experiencing domestic violence. Further, findings from the study indicate that women who own land, and whose husbands use alcohol have increased odds of experiencing domestic violence. Also, the results suggest that currently married women experiencing domestic violence have 1.25 times increased odds of terminating pregnancies compared with their counterparts that are not experiencing domestic violence. Our results suggest the implementation of short-term measures to address the issues of poverty and alcohol consumption during lockdown periods. Long-term measures could include legislations supporting compulsory girl-child education and criminalising all forms of domestic violence. Importantly, public actions to contain domestic violence in order to improve maternal health should be implemented in the context of the dynamics of a non-cooperative relationship existing between married couples.
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Pikálková, Simona. "Violence Against Women in Intimate Partnerships: First Findings of Follow-up Research to IVAWS 2003." AUC PHILOSOPHICA ET HISTORICA 2012, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/24647055.2014.22.
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Band-Winterstein, Tova, and Ilanit Tuito. "The Meaning of Choosing a Spouse Among Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Women Who Found Themselves in a Violent Relationship." Violence Against Women 24, no. 6 (August 15, 2017): 727–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801217722236.
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This research note addresses how ultra-Orthodox Jewish women in Israel coping with intimate partner violence experienced the spouse selection process. In-depth semistructured qualitative–phenomenological interviews were conducted with 17 women. Four major themes emerged: (a) “The matchmaker seemingly fell asleep on her watch”; (b) The parents’ mistakes; (c) “The rabbi told me to jump into the water. Now he should hand me the paddles to get out!” The rabbi’s role; and (d) “That’s it . . . I follow it blindly”: The system. The findings add to the professional knowledge about violent partnerships in the ultra-Orthodox Jewish community in Israel.
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Moore, Elena. "“My Husband Has to Stop Beating Me and I Shouldn’t Go to the Police”: Family Meetings, Patriarchal Bargains, and Marital Violence in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Violence Against Women 26, no. 6-7 (April 15, 2019): 675–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801219840440.
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This article examines how women in South Africa, in challenging marital violence, navigate relations of patriarchal domination through appeals to the state, familial channels, or a combination of both. Using Kandiyoti’s concept of “patriarchal bargains,” the article describes how women during family meetings draw upon the state to challenge patriarchy within intimate partnerships and reassert control within their marriages. However, by drawing on the state for support, women have to navigate the patriarchal domination at the macro level as the state continues to act as an oppressive entity, particularly as it continues to constrain women’s access to justice.
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Goyomsa, Girma Garedew, Teklu Arga Albe, Sisay Abebe Debela, and Leul Deribe Kitaw. "Current intimate partner violence and associated factors among sero-positive women attending Adama town ART Clinics, Central Ethiopia 2019." International Journal for Equity in Health 21, no. 1 (March 31, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12939-022-01647-y.
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Abstract Background Intimate partner violence against women is a behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, sexual, or psychological harm to the victim. It is well recognized as a gross violation of human rights and affects the health of women, families, and the community at large. However, the level to which Human Immuno Deficiency virus sero-positive women are experiencing recent intimate partner violence and its associated factors have not been well investigated as the majority of the study done so far were focused on the study of lifetime violence and violence among women in the general population. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence and factors associated with current intimate partner violence among sero-positive women. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to April 2019 among 396 sero-positive women visiting anti-retroviral therapy (ART) units of Adama town public health facilities. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select individual participants. Validated World Health Organization (WHO) tools were used to collect information on the outcomes and key independent variables. The collected data were entered into Epidata version 4.4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics were used to compute summary statistics and proportion. Variables at a cut-off value of 0.25 on bivariate analysis and 0.05 during multivariate logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with recent intimate partner violence. Result The response rate in this study was 100% since all women approached took part in this study. The prevalence of current intimate partner violence was 32.3% while lifetime intimate partner violence (IPV) was 45.5%. Exposure to coerced first sexual intercourse [AOR = 3.0 (1.73, 5.44)], male multi-partnership [AOR = 2.2 (1.21, 4.06)], believing in the husband's right to sex [AOR = 2.3 (1.29, 4.12)], contraceptive use [AOR = 3.33 (1.67, 6.62)], and having farmer partner [AOR = 3.9 (1.43, 10.79)] were significantly associated with current intimate partner violence. Conclusion One-in-three women reported at least 2 or more forms of violence from their intimate partner. Individual-level factors (Exposure to coerced first sexual intercourse, partner’s occupation, contraceptive use, and believing in husband’s right to sex and relationship factor (Male multi-partnership) were significantly associated with recent intimate partner violence. Combined efforts are required to avert intimate partner violence among women on ART while targeting risky sexual behavior practiced among male partner factors significantly associated with violence.