Academic literature on the topic 'Intertidal wetlands'
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Journal articles on the topic "Intertidal wetlands"
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Dai, Lingjun, Hongyu Liu, and Yufeng Li. "Temporal and Spatial Changes in the Material Exchange Function of Coastal Intertidal Wetland—A Case Study of Yancheng Intertidal Wetland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 15 (August 1, 2022): 9419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159419.
Full textAbstract:
As a transition zone between the terrestrial ecosystem and the marine ecosystem, coastal intertidal wetland provides an important place for material circulation and energy exchange, and it is nature’s most precious resource. The ecological health of intertidal wetlands is an important prerequisite for sustainable green development. The material exchange function objectively and accurately reflects the material balance and ecological health of intertidal wetlands in the coastal zone. This paper uses remote sensing, geographic information technology, and model methods to objectively and accurately assess the temporal and spatial changes in the material exchange function of intertidal wetlands, providing a feasible method for studying the material exchange function of coastal wetlands. The material exchange capacity of wetlands in intertidal zones is affected by many factors, such as vegetation, topography, and base soil. After the invasion of the alien species Spartina alterniflora Lois., the elevation of the Suaeda salsa beach increased by 0.3 m. The elevation of the Phragmites australis beach rose by 0.14 m. The average elevation of S. alterniflora increased by 1.24 m. The material exchange capacity of the intertidal zone decreased by 25%. The functioning of the material exchange between sea and land changed significantly, and the area with a high level of material exchange function capacity was reduced by 71%.
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Gao, Yin, Lijuan Cui, Jianjun Liu, Wei Li, and Yinru Lei. "China's coastal-wetland change analysis based on high-resolution remote sensing." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 9 (2020): 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19062.
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Coastal wetlands not only have abundant biodiversity and high productivity, but they also play an irreplaceable and important role in regional ecosystems. Because of the complex structure and dynamic characteristics of coastal wetlands, it is difficult to observe the spatial changes of coastal wetlands on a large scale and improve data reliability. In this study, a spatially constrained manual-interpretation method based on nationwide high-resolution images in 2017 was adopted to extract China’s coastal wetland distribution, and, then, the second national wetland-survey data from 2011 were used as a baseline for change analysis. The results showed that under the influence of natural conditions and human activities, China’s coastal wetlands have decreased in distribution in the past 6 years. The situation of coastal wetland reclamation is critical, and the hotspot regions are mainly distributed in Bohai Bay, middle of Jiangsu province and Hangzhou Bay. Farming reclamation is another factor that occupies coastal wetlands in China, and main occupied wetlands are mudflats, shallow sea, tidal flats, intertidal salt marshes and estuarine waters. Tide is the main factor affecting extraction of wetlands, the spatially constrained method had a positive effect on wetland detection, and has potential to improve automatic algorithms of complex coastal wetlands.
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Ross, Pauline, and Paul Adam. "Climate Change and Intertidal Wetlands." Biology 2, no. 1 (March 19, 2013): 445–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology2010445.
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Pang, Chun-chiu, Yik-Hei Sung, Yun-tak Chung, Hak-king Ying, Helen Hoi Ning Fong, and Yat-tung Yu. "Spatial ecology of little egret (Egretta garzetta) in Hong Kong uncovers preference for commercial fishponds." PeerJ 8 (September 8, 2020): e9893. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9893.
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Many natural wetlands have been converted to human-influenced wetlands. In some instances, human-influenced wetlands could provide complementary habitats for waterbirds, compensating for the loss of natural wetlands. Inner Deep Bay in Hong Kong is composed of both natural and human-influenced wetlands and is under immense development pressure. From an ecology perspective, we need to understand if different wetland types play the same ecological role. To achieve this, we tracked nine little egrets (Egretta garzetta) using GPS loggers for 14 months to study their spatial ecology, home range, movement and habitat use. We found that over 88% of the home range of all individuals comprised of wetlands (commercial fishponds, mangrove, gei wai, channel, and intertidal mudflat). Among these wetland types, nearly all (seven of nine) individuals preferred commercial fishponds over other habitats in all seasons. Little egrets exhibited seasonal movement and habitat use among seasons, with largest home range, greatest movement, and most frequent visits to commercial fishponds in winter compared to spring and autumn. Our results highlight the significant role of commercial fishponds, providing a feeding ground for little egrets. However, other wetland types cannot be ignored, as they were also used considerably. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining a diversity of wetland types as alternative foraging and breeding habitats.
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Smolders, S., Y. Plancke, S. Ides, P. Meire, and S. Temmerman. "Role of intertidal wetlands for tidal and storm tide attenuation along a confined estuary: a model study." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 7 (July 30, 2015): 1659–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1659-2015.
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Abstract. Coastal lowlands and estuaries are subjected to increasing flood risks during storm surges due to global and regional changes. Tidal wetlands are increasingly valued as effective natural buffers for storm surges by dissipating wave energy and providing flood water storage. While previous studies focused on flood wave attenuation within and behind wetlands, this study focuses on the effects of estuarine wetland properties on the attenuation of a storm tide that propagates along the length of an estuary. Wetland properties including elevation, surface area, and location within the estuary were investigated using a numerical model of the Scheldt estuary (Belgium, SW Netherlands). For a spring tide lower wetland elevations result in more attenuation of high water levels along the estuary, while for a higher storm tide higher elevations provide more attenuation compared to lower wetland elevations. For spring and storm tide a larger wetland surface area results in a better attenuation along the estuary up to a threshold wetland size for which larger wetlands do not further contribute to more attenuation. Finally a wetland of the same size and elevation, but located more upstream in the estuary, can store a larger proportion of the local flood volume and therefore has a larger attenuating effect on upstream high water levels. With this paper we aim to contribute towards a better understanding and wider implementation of ecosystem-based adaptation to increasing estuarine flood risks associated with storms.
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Smolders, S., Y. Plancke, S. Ides, P. Meire, and S. Temmerman. "Role of intertidal wetlands for tidal and storm tide attenuation along a confined estuary: a model study." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 5 (May 8, 2015): 3181–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-3181-2015.
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Abstract. Coastal lowlands and estuaries are subjected to increasing flood risks during storm surges due to global and regional changes. Tidal wetlands are increasingly valued as effective natural buffers for storm surges by dissipating wave energy and providing flood water storage. While previous studies focused on flood wave attenuation within and behind wetlands, this study focuses on the effects of estuarine wetland properties on the attenuation of a storm tide that propagates along the length of an estuary. Wetland properties including elevation, surface area, and location within the estuary were investigated using a numerical model of the Scheldt estuary (Belgium, SW Netherlands). For a spring tide lower wetland elevations result in more attenuation of high water levels along the estuary, while for a higher storm tide higher elevations provide more attenuation compared to lower wetland elevations. For spring and storm tide a arger wetland surface area results in a better attenuation along the estuary up to a threshold wetland size for which larger wetlands do not further contribute to more attenuation. Finally a wetland of the same size and elevation, but located more upstream in the estuary, can store a larger proportion of the local flood volume and therefore has a larger attenuating effect on upstream high water levels. With this paper we aim to contribute towards a better understanding and wider implementation of ecosystem-based adaptation to increasing estuarine flood risks associated with storms.
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Murray, Nicholas J., Thomas A. Worthington, Pete Bunting, Stephanie Duce, Valerie Hagger, Catherine E. Lovelock, Richard Lucas, et al. "High-resolution mapping of losses and gains of Earth’s tidal wetlands." Science 376, no. 6594 (May 13, 2022): 744–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abm9583.
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Tidal wetlands are expected to respond dynamically to global environmental change, but the extent to which wetland losses have been offset by gains remains poorly understood. We developed a global analysis of satellite data to simultaneously monitor change in three highly interconnected intertidal ecosystem types—tidal flats, tidal marshes, and mangroves—from 1999 to 2019. Globally, 13,700 square kilometers of tidal wetlands have been lost, but these have been substantially offset by gains of 9700 km 2 , leading to a net change of −4000 km 2 over two decades. We found that 27% of these losses and gains were associated with direct human activities such as conversion to agriculture and restoration of lost wetlands. All other changes were attributed to indirect drivers, including the effects of coastal processes and climate change.
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Mazumder, Debashish, Neil Saintilan, Robert J. Williams, and Ron Szymczak. "Trophic importance of a temperate intertidal wetland to resident and itinerant taxa: evidence from multiple stable isotope analyses." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 1 (2011): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10076.
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Juveniles of commercially important fish species congregate in shallow vegetated estuarine habitats during high tides. Considerable debate has centred on whether the significance of these habitats lies in their provision of greater feeding opportunities, or shelter from predation afforded by greater structural complexity. We tested the hypothesis that an inundated mangrove and saltmarsh wetland provided feeding opportunities for itinerant species, and that the contribution of wetland primary producers and grazing herbivores could be identified in their diet, using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen. Potential sources of dietary carbon included mangrove, saltmarsh, seagrass, seagrass epiphytic material and benthic organic material. Saltmarsh plants (mostly Sporobolus virginicus and Juncus kraussii) and fine benthic organic material appeared to be the primary sources of dietary carbon for the resident grazing herbivores in the wetlands, based on IsoSource mixing models. During high tide, species of itinerant fish enter the mangrove and, when inundated, the saltmarsh, and feed primarily on crab larvae and copepods. Fine benthic organic matter, seagrass epiphyte, and C3 and C4 plant materials also supplement the diet of some fish. The crab larvae therefore provide a significant source of nutrition and an important link between the intertidal wetlands and the adjacent estuarine ecosystem. The carnivorous fish Acanthopagrus australis, at the highest trophic level, hunted within or adjacent to the mangrove–saltmarsh wetland and fed on several lower-order consumers within the wetland. The present study highlights the significance of mangrove and saltmarsh wetlands as a feeding habitat for resident grazers and itinerant nekton.
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Yong, Ding Li, Jing Ying Kee, Pyae Phyo Aung, Anuj Jain, Chin-Aik Yeap, Nyat Jun Au, Ayuwat Jearwattanakanok, et al. "Conserving migratory waterbirds and the coastal zone: the future of South-east Asia's intertidal wetlands." Oryx 56, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605320001374.
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AbstractSouth-east Asia's diverse coastal wetlands, which span natural mudflats and mangroves to man-made salt pans, offer critical habitat for many migratory waterbird species in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Species dependent on these wetlands include nearly the entire population of the Critically Endangered spoon-billed sandpiper Calidris pygmaea and the Endangered spotted greenshank Tringa guttifer, and significant populations of several other globally threatened and declining species. Presently, more than 50 coastal Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in the region (7.4% of all South-east Asian IBAs) support at least one threatened migratory species. However, recent studies continue to reveal major knowledge gaps on the distribution of migratory waterbirds and important wetland sites along South-east Asia's vast coastline, including undiscovered and potential IBAs. Alongside this, there are critical gaps in the representation of coastal wetlands across the protected area networks of many countries in this region (e.g. Viet Nam, Indonesia, Malaysia), hindering effective conservation. Although a better understanding of the value of coastal wetlands to people and their importance to migratory species is necessary, governments and other stakeholders need to do more to strengthen the conservation of these ecosystems by improving protected area coverage, habitat restoration, and coastal governance and management. This must be underpinned by the judicious use of evidence-based approaches, including satellite-tracking of migratory birds, ecological research and ground surveys.
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Glenn, Edward P. "Wetlands of the Colorado River Delta Maintained by Agricultural Drainage Water." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 690b—690. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.690b.
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The delta of the Colorado River in Mexico historically contained 780,000 ha of riparian, marsh, and gallery forest habitat. Similar to other desert river deltas, such as the Nile and Indus, the lower delta of the Colorado River has been severely affected by the upstream diversion of water for human use. However, several large marsh areas of conservation interest still occur below the agricultural fields in Mexico. They are supported by flood water, agricultural drainage water, and municipal sewage effluent, as well as by seawater in the intertidal zone. The main anthropogenic marshes are the Rio Hardy wetland, maintained by geothermal discharge and Mexicali irrigation return flows in the western delta, and Cienega de Santa Clara, maintained by local irrigation return flows and by discharge of Wellton-Mohowk Valley drainage from the United States, imported via a 80-km canal to Mexico. These wetlands provide valuable habitat to resident and migratory waterfowl, shorebirds, mammals, and endangered species, including the Yuma Clapper Rail and the Desert Pupfish. Both wetlands are currently threatened by water management actions that do not take the wetland value of agricultural drainage into consideration. If agricultural drainage water and other available waste streams were explicitly managed to support wetlands, the Colorado River detla could potentially contain 50,000 ha or more of permanent, high-quality brackish wetlands below the agricultural fields.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Intertidal wetlands"
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Anderson, Bert D. "The Distribution and Biogeochemistry of Subtropical Intertidal Microbial Mats." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7730.
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Microbial mats have played an important role in the carbon (C) and nutrient cycles since the Archean Eon and modern mats are important contributors to the biogeochemistry of intertidal wetlands. Microbial mats are flat assemblages of microbes that are currently found in many unvegetated habitats globally. Intertidal salt pans are a common habitat for microbial mats, however little is known about the distribution of microbial mats within the intertidal landscape. Understanding the spatial distribution of microbial mats is critical to developing quantitative estimates of the impacts of microbial mats on their ecosystems. We photographically measured the presence and density of microbial mats within 1 m2 quadrats across a landscape scale (~1000 Ha) on the Gulf Coast of Florida. The wide variety of metabolic processes that are found within microbial mats makes the net biogeochemical impacts of the microbial mats highly variable as well. To explore the biogeochemistry associated with microbial mats, we measured a suite of soil attributes under microbial mats and compared those measurements to nearby soils without microbial mats. We found that microbial mats are found on soils with biogeochemical attributes that are significantly different than soils without microbial mats. Soil organic matter, nitrate concentration, and soil temperature significantly increased in soils under microbial mats; pH was significantly lower in soils under microbial mats. Also notable was although the concentration of soil organic matter was higher, the bioavailability of that organic matter was significantly lower. Microbial mat presence is correlated with geomorphic variables such as proximal boundaries, as well as neighboring vegetation and other microbial mats.
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Breitfuss, Mark, and n/a. "The Effects of Physical Habitat Modification for Mosquito Control, Runnelling, on Selected Non-Target Saltmarsh Resources." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20031126.074304.
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Runnelling is a popular method of physical habitat modification employed on saltmarshes to control pest mosquito populations. The runnelling method involves linking the tidal source to isolated mosquito breeding pools via shallow channels that enable slow water movement of low amplitude tides. Increased tidal flushing inhibits mosquito development. The range of organisms which inhabit saltmarsh are likely to be influenced by altered tidal conditions as they exhibit specific physicochemical requirements for feeding, burrowing or growth. The dynamic nature of saltmarsh may mean that changes to the tidal frequency of a particular region of the saltmarsh promotes extension of marine-like conditions. Because runnels increase the frequency of flooding tidal events in specific regions of the saltmarsh this study predicted that resulting changes would be evident in the physical conditions of saltmarsh substrate, in the transport of buoyant vegetative propagules, in the population characteristics of surface grazing snails and in the density and aperture of crab burrows after flooding and non-flooding tidal events. The physical impacts of runnelling were determined at three marshes which appeared similar in terms of topography, substrate and tidal conditions. Soil water content and consolidation were measured using two sampling protocols: a) comparisons between modified and unmodified shores; and, b) comparisons with increasing lateral distance across the shore from the runnel edge. At one marsh, moisture levels were significantly higher at runnelled than at unrunnelled sites when tides filled the runnels, but this pattern was not found at the other marshes. Soil consolidation was greater at higher shore heights, but was not different between runnelled and unrunnelled shores. Measurements at different lateral distances from runnels demonstrated higher moisture levels and lower consolidation up to 5 m from the edge but not further away. Groups of marked Avicennia marina propagules were released at the three runnelled saltmarshes during flooding and non-flooding tidal events. Groups of propagules released within 10 m of a runnel were always transported significantly further from the starting position and further up the saltmarsh shore after both flooding and non-flooding tides than any other groups. In addition, the pattern of stranding on saltmarsh for significantly different groups was closely associated with the path of runnel construction so that propagules were located either in the runnel or in depressions linked to the runnel that had been isolated mosquito-breeding pools prior to runnelling. It is likely that altered physical soil conditions significantly affected the distribution and size structures of Salinator solida and Ophicardelus spp. snails recorded at the three saltmarshes. The interaction of tidal period and the presence of a runnel contributed to patterns with significant differences between runnelled and unrunnelled regions of the marsh. Generally, the runnel population of snails exhibited flood-like features even during non-flood periods. The distribution and size classes of snails did not differ with lateral distance from runnels. The burrow characteristics of the crab Helograpsus haswellianus were compared to increase the accuracy of estimating abundance from burrow counts. Including only those burrows which were obviously maintained by resident crabs significantly increased the confidence limits of estimating crab abundance using only burrow density counts. This method was applied to runnelled and unrunnelled sites to assess any changes in the density of burrows associated with the presence of runnels. Again, it is likely that physical soil conditions resulting from increased tidal frequency at the runnel did influence crab burrowing with fewer small burrows being found at the runnelled site, low on the shore. In addition, mid- and large-sized burrows tended to dominate close to the runnel edge. Site-specific soil characteristics may help to explain the lack of continuity in patterns associated with runnel effects on non-target saltmarsh resources. While the runnel may increase the soil water content of clayey substrates at some sites it could also result in de-watering of porous sandy soils at other shores. This was evident in the structure of the snail population and distribution of crab burrows which appeared to reflect altered soil physical characteristics associated with the runnel. Runnelling does affect non-target organisms in saltmarsh. However, the scale of impact was usually locally restricted (< 10 m from the runnel edge). The fact that patterns were not recorded at all sites suggests that the influence of runnels is variable and limited by substrate and some biological conditions. Given the efficiency and popularity of runnelling as a physical control method for reducing pest vector mosquito habitat, this study found no evidence to suggest that its use should be discontinued on any ecological basis measured.
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Breitfuss, Mark. "The Effects of Physical Habitat Modification for Mosquito Control, Runnelling, on Selected Non-Target Saltmarsh Resources." Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367526.
Full textAbstract:
Runnelling is a popular method of physical habitat modification employed on saltmarshes to control pest mosquito populations. The runnelling method involves linking the tidal source to isolated mosquito breeding pools via shallow channels that enable slow water movement of low amplitude tides. Increased tidal flushing inhibits mosquito development. The range of organisms which inhabit saltmarsh are likely to be influenced by altered tidal conditions as they exhibit specific physicochemical requirements for feeding, burrowing or growth. The dynamic nature of saltmarsh may mean that changes to the tidal frequency of a particular region of the saltmarsh promotes extension of marine-like conditions. Because runnels increase the frequency of flooding tidal events in specific regions of the saltmarsh this study predicted that resulting changes would be evident in the physical conditions of saltmarsh substrate, in the transport of buoyant vegetative propagules, in the population characteristics of surface grazing snails and in the density and aperture of crab burrows after flooding and non-flooding tidal events. The physical impacts of runnelling were determined at three marshes which appeared similar in terms of topography, substrate and tidal conditions. Soil water content and consolidation were measured using two sampling protocols: a) comparisons between modified and unmodified shores; and, b) comparisons with increasing lateral distance across the shore from the runnel edge. At one marsh, moisture levels were significantly higher at runnelled than at unrunnelled sites when tides filled the runnels, but this pattern was not found at the other marshes. Soil consolidation was greater at higher shore heights, but was not different between runnelled and unrunnelled shores. Measurements at different lateral distances from runnels demonstrated higher moisture levels and lower consolidation up to 5 m from the edge but not further away. Groups of marked Avicennia marina propagules were released at the three runnelled saltmarshes during flooding and non-flooding tidal events. Groups of propagules released within 10 m of a runnel were always transported significantly further from the starting position and further up the saltmarsh shore after both flooding and non-flooding tides than any other groups. In addition, the pattern of stranding on saltmarsh for significantly different groups was closely associated with the path of runnel construction so that propagules were located either in the runnel or in depressions linked to the runnel that had been isolated mosquito-breeding pools prior to runnelling. It is likely that altered physical soil conditions significantly affected the distribution and size structures of Salinator solida and Ophicardelus spp. snails recorded at the three saltmarshes. The interaction of tidal period and the presence of a runnel contributed to patterns with significant differences between runnelled and unrunnelled regions of the marsh. Generally, the runnel population of snails exhibited flood-like features even during non-flood periods. The distribution and size classes of snails did not differ with lateral distance from runnels. The burrow characteristics of the crab Helograpsus haswellianus were compared to increase the accuracy of estimating abundance from burrow counts. Including only those burrows which were obviously maintained by resident crabs significantly increased the confidence limits of estimating crab abundance using only burrow density counts. This method was applied to runnelled and unrunnelled sites to assess any changes in the density of burrows associated with the presence of runnels. Again, it is likely that physical soil conditions resulting from increased tidal frequency at the runnel did influence crab burrowing with fewer small burrows being found at the runnelled site, low on the shore. In addition, mid- and large-sized burrows tended to dominate close to the runnel edge. Site-specific soil characteristics may help to explain the lack of continuity in patterns associated with runnel effects on non-target saltmarsh resources. While the runnel may increase the soil water content of clayey substrates at some sites it could also result in de-watering of porous sandy soils at other shores. This was evident in the structure of the snail population and distribution of crab burrows which appeared to reflect altered soil physical characteristics associated with the runnel. Runnelling does affect non-target organisms in saltmarsh. However, the scale of impact was usually locally restricted (< 10 m from the runnel edge). The fact that patterns were not recorded at all sites suggests that the influence of runnels is variable and limited by substrate and some biological conditions. Given the efficiency and popularity of runnelling as a physical control method for reducing pest vector mosquito habitat, this study found no evidence to suggest that its use should be discontinued on any ecological basis measured.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
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Wilton, Kylee Margaret, and res cand@acu edu au. "Coastal Wetland Habitat Dynamics in Selected New South Wales Estuaries." Australian Catholic University. School of Arts and Sciences, 2002. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp29.29082005.
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Intertidal wetland habitats in southeastern Australia have changed significantly during the past sixty years. Mangrove habitats have expanded both seawards and landwards, the latter being at the expense of saltmarsh habitats. This relatively common phenomenon is generally suggested to be an outcome of sea-level rise. Several factors potentially responsible for this change are examined, including changes in mean sealevel during the past 50 to 100 years, changes in climate, population growth, catchment landuse, and estuary type. A protocol for mapping estuarine habitats was developed and implemented, incorporating the application of geographic information systems. Spatial and temporal coastal wetland habitat changes at nine sites along the New South Wales coast are illustrated. These habitat dynamics were shown to not correlate between sites. The results demonstrate that sea-level rise in this region cannot solely account for the extent of change during the past sixty years. With the exception of one site (Careel Bay), there have been no correlations between contemporary mean sea-level rise and mangrove incursion of the saltmarsh habitats at the study sites, or with rainfall patterns, at the scale of observation in this study, which was largely decadal. The only correlations determined during this study have been between population growth and coastal wetland habitat dynamics in some sites. In spite of saltmarsh habitat loss being a regional phenomenon, local factors appear to have a profound bearing on the rates of change. Neither contemporary mean sea-level rise, rainfall patterns, estuary type, catchment landuse, catchment natural cover nor population pressure can account solely for the patterns in the spatial and temporal dynamics of the coastal wetlands of New South Wales. It seems apparent that regional factors create preconditions favourable for mangrove incursion, but that localised conditions have been responsible for the extent of these incursions from site to site. That is, despite higher sea-level and greater rainfall, the extent of change has been determined by the unique characteristics of each site. The results have important implications for current estuary management practices in the state of New South Wales. The lack of spatial and temporal trends in coastal wetland habitat dynamics point to the need for management to be conducted on a localised, rather than regional scale. Additionally, anthropogenic influences must be carefully managed, since the extent of mangrove habitat expansion into saltmarsh areas is unlikely to be a natural occurrence.
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Gómez, Sapiens Martha Marina. "Linking shorebird and marsh bird habitat use to water management in anthropogenic and natural wetlands in the Colorado River Delta." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/323444.
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I estimated patterns of shorebird abundance and species diversity in the Colorado River Delta and Upper Gulf of California wetlands in order to determine the relative contribution of intertidal wetlands and non-tidal anthropogenic wetlands to support shorebird habitat use. Species richness varied from 15 to 26 species among sites and 29 species were detected across sites. Density during the peak migration month was higher at the anthropogenic wetland Cienega de Santa Clara (mean = 168 ind/ha, 95% C.I. 29-367), and the intertidal Golfo de Santa Clara (mean = 153 ind/ha, 95% C.I. 17-323). Anthropogenic wetlands (playa and lagoons) supported high abundance of shorebirds along with intertidal wetlands in the Colorado River Delta (mudflats). In contrast, intertidal wetlands farther south on the Sonoran Coast presented lower abundance but higher diversity of shorebird, likely as a result of the higher diversity of habitats (rocky shore, sandy beach, estuary). I modeled water management scenarios for the Cienega in order to determine the response of the dominant vegetation (southern cattail, Typha domingensis Pers.) and the area of the outflow pool below the marsh to different scenarios of water management. The model indicates that if the inflow rate is reduced below the current 4-5 m³s⁻¹ the vegetated area of the Cienega that supports habitat for marsh birds would decrease in proportion, as would the area of the outflow pool in the Santa Clara Slough identified previously as shorebird habitat. Increases in salinity will also reduce the vegetated area due to the low salt tolerance of T. domingensis. In winter about 90% of inflow water exits the Cienega into the Santa Clara Slough due to low evapotranspiration contributing to inundate areas that are used by wintering and migrating shorebirds. Lastly, I explored the feasibility of using Vegetation Indices (NDVI and EVI) to model Yuma Clapper Rail detections in the Cienega de Santa Clara as well as the effects of adding other habitat variables and the presence of fire events in the performance of linear models based on NDVI. Both NDVI and EVI were positively related to the Yuma Clapper Rail detections. The relationship was weak to moderate, but significant (P<0.001), which suggests other factors besides the vegetation condition play an important role in the bird distribution pattern. A model including all the variability among years was a better predictor of the rails detected per transect, than models for fire and non-fire years. We did not find a significant effect from adding habitat features (water % or vegetation %), and we recommend to include variables at both microhabitat level and landscape level, relevant before and during the breeding season in order to increase the explanatory power of models.
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Wan, Sin-wei, and 萬鑫偉. "Estimation of Primary Production and Greenhouse Gas Emissim for Intertidal Flats in Chiku Wetlands." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29n5xs.
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碩士嘉南藥理科技大學
環境工程與科學系
100
Wetlands normally exhibit high productivity. Wetland plants can sequester CO2 from the atmosphere and transform into plant debris and organic matter accumulated in wetland sediment. The process of absorbing or capturing CO2 from the atmosphere is called Carbon Sequestration. This thesis investigated primary production, respiration, emission of greenhouse gases (CH4、N2O), and the Chlorophyll a in intertidal flat. The experimental site is in the Chiku salt-pan wetland, which is located at the Taijiang National Park. Then, a calculation of the carbon flux is performed to realize the intertidal flat in the Chiku salt-pan wetland is a carbon sink or a carbon source. This study examined three different kinds of flats in the Chiku salt panwetland, which are sand flat, sand-mud flat, and mud flat, from January 2011 to the February 2012. The method used for measuring gas exchange fluxes is called static chamber technique. The result showed that the annual average emission fluxes of CH4 are 5.6 g CH4-C m-2 yr-1 in the sand flat, 10 g CH4-C m-2 yr-1 in the sand-mud flat, and 11 g CH4-C m-2 yr-1 in the mud land. The results showed that the monthly average gross primary production (GPP) in the sand flat is within the range of 1,639~8,312 mg C m-2 month-1, 1,350~12,415 mg C m-2 month-1 in the sand-mud flat, and 5,872~31,402 mg C m-2 month-1 in the mud flat. This result showed the monthly average gross primary production has a marked seasonal variation; the value is higher in summer. Among the three sites, the value of GPP is highest in the mud flat. Annual average gross primary production in the sand flat is 40 g C m-2 yr-1, 89 g C m-2 yr-1 in the sand-mud flat, and 150 g C m-2 yr-1 in the mud flat. The annual ecosystem respiration is 20 g C m-2 yr-1 in the sand flat, 73 g C m-2 yr-1 in the sand-mud flat, and 110 g C m-2 yr-1 in the mud falt. The results indicated that the mud land a higher gross primary production and a higher total ecosystem respiration. Accordingly, the net ecosystem production (NEP) is 20 g C m-2 yr-1 in the sand land, is 16 g C m-2 yr-1 in the sand-mud flat, and 40 g C m-2 yr-1 in the mud flat. The average carbon sequestration flux in the intertidal flat of the Chiku salt-pan wetland is 25 g C m-2 yr-1, which showed that the Chiku salt-pan wetland is a carbon sink rather carbon source. The content of the chlorophyll a in sediment is 0~2.2mg m-2 in the sand flat, 12~102 mg m-2 in the sand-mud flat, and 43.2~297 mg m-2 in the mud flat. The results showed a positive correlation between the chlorophyll a content on the beaches sediment and the gross primary production (R2 = 0.6808 for the sand flat, R2 =0.7219 for the sand-mud flat, and R2 =0.351 the mud flat). The results indicated that the higher the content of the chlorophyll a on the flat sediment is, the higher the gross primary production will be. Organic carbon density is 1,748 g C m-2 for the sand flat, 1,977g C m-2 for the sand-flat flat, and 3,883 g C m-2 for the mud flat. The organics are more in the mud land, followed by the sand-mud flat, the last one is the sand flat.
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Shih, Shang-Shu, and 施上粟. "Ecohydraulics model development and quantification of intertidal wetland." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09602050003226347145.
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博士國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
93
This study is to establish conceptual ecohydraulics model of intertidal wetland and quantify the characteristics of ecology and hydraulics. The Guandu Nature Reserve was taken as an example in this study. Besides, the fictitious case studies were also investigated and discussed which include density of invertebrate benthos, flooding impact, depositions of wetland and landscape index variations of waterbirds. Six chapters were constructed and introduction of each chapter was described as follows: Chp1: The 5-W hypothesis plot was represented to construct the main idea of this chapter. The operating matrix of nature, near-nature and manmade habitat was also brought up to concentrate on the topic and objective of this study. Meanwhile, some literature reviews were cited to support the point of issue and distinguish from the complicated problems in wetland. Chp2: The theories of ecohydraulics model, including several modules, were constructed and discussed in this chapter. The flow chart and process of this study were also elaborated. The case study in chapter 5 could therefore persist as this chapter well-done. Chp3: The investigations and collections of hydraulic characteristics, i.e. water surface elevation variations, flow velocity variations and water quality variations, were evaluated and discussed in this chapter. The results of this chapter were basis and foundation of case study in chapter 5. Chp4: The investigations and collections of ecological characteristics, including landscape variations, benthos density variations, waterbird species variations, different flood surface elevation and sediment deposition variations, were calculated and discussed in this chapter. The results of this chapter were basis and foundation of case study in chapter 5. Chp5: Several case studies were built up in this chapter to quantify some adverse effects after mangrove spread. Meanwhile, ecohydraulics model were calibrated and verified from different modules validation, i.e. hydraulic module, GIS module, multivariate statistical module, habitat module and assessment module. Moreover, mangrove removal effects were also evaluated in this chapter. Chp6: Conclusions of above 5 chapters and some useful suggestions were also represented in further study. Among above introductions of each chapter, several aerial photographs of 1986, 1997, 1998, 2001 and 2002 were differentiated and calculated in GIS module. The results reveal that the coverage area of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce mangrove increased from 7.2 hectare in 1986 to 23.8 hectare in 2002; coverage area of mudflat declined from 18.1 hectare in 1986 to 1.1 hectare in 2002 and coverage area of tidal creek declined from 6.9 hectare in 1986 to 4.2 hectare in 2002. It was thus concluded that the marsh habitats, dominated by Cyperus malaccensis Lam. and Phragmites communis (L.) Trin., have changed into a swamp habitat, dominated by Kandelia candel (L.) Druce. The relationship between dimensionless density of invertebrate benthos (D’) and environmental factors affected the richness of benthos were analyzed and regressed in multivariate statistical module. Additionally, the environmental factors were investigated and found out as dissolved oxygen (DO), soil salinity (S), concentration of organic matter (TO), substrate size (D) and sieve coefficient (SC). The results show that different species of benthos was fond of different habitat types. According to the habitat module analysis, the Shannon’s diversity index decreased from 0.98 in 1986 to 0.77 in 2002; the Shannon’s evenness index decreased from 0.77 in 1986 to 0.56 in 2002, and the dominant index increased from 0.41 in 1986 to 0.62 in 2002. It was therefore concluded that the landscape type became monotonous year by year. Furthermore, the preference habitat area of Family Charadriidae and Family Scolopacidae which were original dominant species in this wetland declined from 18.1 hectare in 1986 to 1.1 hectare. Four cases with different removal ratios were investigated in hydraulic module and was found that the water surface elevation decreases as the removal ratio increases. When the removal ratio of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce reaches 20%, the variations of the water surface elevation in the wetland became insignificant. Significant sediment deposition occurs due to the extensive root network of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce. The average deposition is about 33 mm during a 200 years return period flood event. Removal of Kandelia candel (L.) Druce is able to reduce the sediment deposition rate. When the removal ratio reaches 20%, the reduction in sediment deposition is about 5 mm. Considering the factors of flood protection and sediment deposition, the optimal removal ratio is between 10% and 20%. It is also found that mangrove remove will improve the ecological restoration of Uca (Thalassuca) Formosensis Rathbun which is an endemic species of the fiddler crab in Taiwan.
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Lee, Li Hua, and 李麗華. "Carbon cycling on intertidal mudflats of the Kaomei Wetland." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84068527695178653537.
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博士國立中興大學
生命科學系所
101
In situ benthic community production and respiration during emersion were measured monthly in the course of a 19 mo survey from June 2008 to December 2009 by monitoring CO2 fluxes in benthic chambers on intertidal sandflats of a subtropical coastal wetland. Both maximum gross community production (GCPm) and community respiration (CR) all show higher values in summer and fall and lower values in spring and winter. GCPm and CR were positively correlated with air temperature. GCPm was also positively correlated with sediment grain size and negatively correlated with the silt/clay content. CR exhibited a strong positive correlation with sediment chlorophyll a concentration and macrofaunal biomass. To provide an accurate annual budget of benthic production during emersion, corrections were considered for cloudiness and the time lag between emersion and maximum production due to vertical migration of benthic diatoms and variations in CR during nighttime emersion periods. Annual net community production (NCP) during emersion on sandflats was estimated to be 2.87 g C m−2 yr−1, indicating an autotrophic system. However, taking into account the variation in benthic metabolism during immersion, the subtropical intertidal sandflats shifted to a heterotrophic system, and annual NCP was calculated to be −91.47 g C m−2 yr−1. Effects of an oil spill on subtropical benthic community production and respiration were documented by monitoring CO2 fluxes in benthic chambers on intertidal sandflats of a coastal wetland before and after an accidental oil spill. The oil spill decreased sediment chlorophyll a concentrations and the community composition, and also affected ecological functioning by suppressing microalgal production, increasing bacterial respiration, and causing a shift from an autotrophic system to a heterotrophic system. Effects of the oil spill were more severe on the macrofauna than on benthic microalgae and more severe on small-sized, sedentary infauna than on large-sized, motile epifauna. Despite these effects on the benthic community and carbon metabolism, the affected area recovered in about 23 days. To qunatify the total carbon flux of Kaomei wetland, the carbon flux of water was monitored. There were obvious differences in the concentration of POC and DOC of water between seasons and sampling sites. The main factors affected the carbon content and the changes of carbon flux were chlorophyll a concentration, DO and turbidity of sea water. The carbon influx amount was larger than outflux, the carbon in the water of Kaomei Wetland came from sea water, and its net OC influx was 9.1 metric ton yr-1, indicating a carbon sink system.
Books on the topic "Intertidal wetlands"
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Robertson, P. A. (Peter A.), Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, and Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management, eds. The saltmarsh creation handbook: A project manager's guide to the creation of saltmarsh and intertidal mudflat. Sandy, Bedfordshire: Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, 2005.
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Leatherman, Stephen P. National Geographic field guide to the water's edge. Washington, D.C: National Geographic, 2012.
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Ray, Gary L. Ecological monitoring of a constructed intertidal flat at Jonesport, Me. Concord, MA: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New England District, 1999.
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Barnett, Catherine, and Thomas Walker, eds. Environment, Archaeology and Landscape: Papers in honour of Professor Martin Bell. Archaeopress Archaeology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/9781803270845.
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'Environment, Archaeology and Landscape' is a collection of papers dedicated to Martin Bell on his retirement as Professor of Archaeological Science at the University of Reading. Three themes outline how wetland and inland environments can be related and investigated using multi-method approaches. ‘People and the Sea: Coastal and Intertidal Archaeology’ explores the challenges faced by humans in these zones – particularly relevant to the current global sea level rise. ‘Patterns in the Landscape: Mobility and Human-environment Relationships’ includes some more inland examples and examines how past environments, both in Britain and Europe, can be investigated and brought to public attention. The papers in ‘Archaeology in our Changing World: Heritage Resource Management, Nature Conservation and Rewilding’ look at current challenges and debates in landscape management, experimental and community archaeology. A key theme is how archaeology can contribute time depth to an understanding of biodiversity and environmental sustainability. This volume will be of value to all those interested in environmental archaeology and its relevance to the modern world.
Book chapters on the topic "Intertidal wetlands"
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Denno, Robert F. "Herbivore Population Dynamics in Intertidal Marshlands: The Role of Host Plant Nutrition." In The Ecology and Management of Wetlands, 535–47. New York, NY: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8378-9_44.
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Denno, Robert F. "Herbivore Population Dynamics in Intertidal Marshlands: The Role of Host Plant Nutrition." In The Ecology and Management of Wetlands, 535–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7392-6_44.
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Chakraborty, Susanta Kumar. "Ecological Services of Intertidal Benthic Fauna and the Sustenance of Coastal Wetlands Along the Midnapore (East) Coast, West Bengal, India." In Coastal Wetlands: Alteration and Remediation, 777–866. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56179-0_23.
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Laing, Gijs Du, Annelies Van de Moortel, Els Lesage, Filip M. G. Tack, and Marc G. Verloo. "Factors Affecting Metal Accumulation, Mobility and Availability in Intertidal Wetlands of the Scheldt Estuary (Belgium)." In Wastewater Treatment, Plant Dynamics and Management in Constructed and Natural Wetlands, 121–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8235-1_11.
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MacKinnon, John, and Yvonne I. Verkuil. "Intertidal Flats of East and Southeast Asia." In The Wetland Book, 1–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6173-5_51-2.
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MacKinnon, John, and Yvonne I. Verkuil. "Intertidal Flats of East and Southeast Asia." In The Wetland Book, 1865–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4001-3_51.
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Simmers, J. W., J. M. Marquenie, and R. G. Rhett. "A Test Procedure to Predict the Bioavailability of Heavy Metals, Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons to Animals Colonizing an Intertidal Wetland." In Contaminated Soil, 427–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5181-5_52.
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Paterson, David M., Irene Fortune, Rebecca J. Aspden, and Kevin S. Black. "Intertidal Flats." In Coastal Wetlands, 383–406. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63893-9.00011-3.
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Rippon, Stephen. "Marshlands and Other Wetlands." In Water and the Environment in the Anglo-Saxon World. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781786940285.003.0005.
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This chapter considers the range of wetland environments that existed in Anglo-Saxon England, and the uses to which they were put, using archaeological, documentary and place-name evidence. It demonstrates that the drainage schemes and canals of Roman Britain mostly fell into disrepair, and that as sea levels rose coastal wetlands once again became saltmarsh environments (over a time-scale that would have been perceptible to local communities). These landscapes were, however, rich in natural resources and in the Middle Saxon period the growing intensity of wetland management is reflected in the digging of drainage systems, changing the relationship between people and their environment. In the Late Saxon period this culminated in the reclamation of some, but not all, wetlands, a transformation of the landscape that would have profoundly affected the daily lives of the communities living there as new patterns of land-use – and therefore annual cycles of living and working – were introduced. Those intertidal marshes that remained were economically important as a source of salt production and rich grazing land.
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Chen, Guangcheng, Nora F. Y. Tam, Yong Ye, and Bin Chen. "Greenhouse gas emissions from intertidal wetland soils under anthropogenic activities." In Carbon Mineralization in Coastal Wetlands, 269–93. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819220-7.00004-2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Intertidal wetlands"
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Zhi-min Zheng, Gong-ren Hu, Rui-lian Yu, and Xiao-qing Chen. "Sedimentation rate and flux in the intertidal wetlands of Luoyang River and Jinjiang River." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5964582.
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Li, Qingxin, Hongyuan Li, Jianfeng Feng, and Lin Zhu. "Application of Multiple Ecological Indicators in Ecosystem Health Assessment: A Case Study of Tianjin Binhai New Area Intertidal Wetlands." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5518038.
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Lutaenko, Konstantin, and Konstantin Lutaenko. "COASTAL MARINE BIODIVERSITY OF VIETNAM: CURRENT PROBLEM." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9371a04467.54905418.
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A brief overview of the coastal biodiversity of Vietnam based on surveys conducted by the A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for last 35 years. Main problems related to threats to biodiversity are discussed on the example of the intertidal communities, coral reefs, and molluscan diversity. Threats to marine biodiversity in Vietnam are summarized as follows: habitat degradation, fragmentation and loss (especially important are mangrove forest destruction, loss of coral reefs, change in landscape mosaic of wetland, estuary, sand and mud flats); global climate change including sea level rise, storm events, rainfall pattern change, warming of the coastal ocean; effects of fishing and other forms of overexploitation; pollution and marine litter; species introduction/invasions; physical alterations of coasts; tourism. Consolidated data of Vietnamese and Russian researchers on biodiversity and coastal zone management can be used in interpretations of ecosystem changes and for development of recommendations for local/national decision-makers.
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Lutaenko, Konstantin, and Konstantin Lutaenko. "COASTAL MARINE BIODIVERSITY OF VIETNAM: CURRENT PROBLEM." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b43159228ea.
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A brief overview of the coastal biodiversity of Vietnam based on surveys conducted by the A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for last 35 years. Main problems related to threats to biodiversity are discussed on the example of the intertidal communities, coral reefs, and molluscan diversity. Threats to marine biodiversity in Vietnam are summarized as follows: habitat degradation, fragmentation and loss (especially important are mangrove forest destruction, loss of coral reefs, change in landscape mosaic of wetland, estuary, sand and mud flats); global climate change including sea level rise, storm events, rainfall pattern change, warming of the coastal ocean; effects of fishing and other forms of overexploitation; pollution and marine litter; species introduction/invasions; physical alterations of coasts; tourism. Consolidated data of Vietnamese and Russian researchers on biodiversity and coastal zone management can be used in interpretations of ecosystem changes and for development of recommendations for local/national decision-makers.
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Zhu, Yongli, Yu Wu, and Jiangang Han. "Preliminary Studies on Gross Nitrification, Denitrification and Respiratory Rates in Sediments from a Typical Coastal Wetland, Chongming East Intertidal, Using a Method of BaPS." In 2012 2nd International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2012.6260663.
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