Journal articles: 'Intertidal ecology'

1

Schlacher, Thomas, David Raffaelli, and Stephen Hawkins. "Intertidal Ecology." Estuaries 21, no. 2 (June 1998): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1352485.

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Moore, P. G. "Intertidal ecology." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 217, no. 1 (September 1997): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(96)02765-7.

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Berlow, Eric L. "Intertidal ecology." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 12, no. 8 (August 1997): 329–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(97)89926-0.

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Barnes, R. S. K., and L. Claassens. "Do beds of subtidal estuarine seagrass constitute a refuge for macrobenthic biodiversity threatened intertidally?" Biodiversity and Conservation 29, no. 11-12 (July 22, 2020): 3227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-020-02019-0.

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Abstract Biodiversity differentials between macrobenthic assemblages associated with adjacent intertidal and subtidal areas of a single seagrass system were investigated for the first time. Assemblage metrics of conservation relevance—faunal abundance and its patchiness, faunal richness, and beta diversity—were examined at four contrasting dwarf-eelgrass localities in the Knysna estuarine bay, part of South Africa's Garden Route National Park but a system whose intertidal areas are heavily impacted anthropogenically. Faunal assemblages were significantly different across all localities and between subtidal and intertidal levels at each locality although their taxonomic distinctness was effectively constant. Although, as would be expected, there were clear trends for increases in overall numbers of species towards the mouth at all levels, few generalities relating to the relative importance of the subtidal seagrass habitat were evident across the whole system—magnitude and direction of differentials were contingent on locality. Shore-height related differences in assemblage metrics were minor in the estuarine and lagoonal zones but major in the marine compartment, although the much greater subtidal faunal abundance there was largely consequent on the superabundance of a single species (the microgastropod Alaba pinnae), intertidal zones then displaying the greater species diversity due to greater equitability of species densities. Along its axial channel, the Knysna subtidal seagrass does not support richer versions of the intertidal polychaete-dominated assemblages fringing it; instead, it supports different and more patchily dispersed gastropod-dominated ones. At Knysna at least, the subtidal hardly constitutes a reservoir of the seagrass biodiversity present intertidally.

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Denny, M. W., and R. T. Paine. "Celestial Mechanics, Sea-Level Changes, and Intertidal Ecology." Biological Bulletin 194, no. 2 (April 1998): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1543040.

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Garza, Corey. "Landscape Ecology in the Rocky Intertidal: Opportunities for Advancing Discovery and Innovation in Intertidal Research." Current Landscape Ecology Reports 4, no. 3 (June 25, 2019): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40823-019-00042-8.

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7

Manzur, Tatiana, Mario Barahona, and Sergio A. Navarrete. "Ontogenetic changes in habitat use and diet of the sea-star Heliaster helianthus on the coast of central Chile." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90, no. 3 (October 19, 2009): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315409990786.

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Ontogenetic shifts in habitat use and diet are ubiquitous in nature and usually have profound consequences for the ecology and evolution of the species. In the case of species with strong interactions within their communities, such as keystone predators, understanding this kind of size-related change is critical to understand variation and connectivity among spatially distinct habitats of coastal communities. Yet the ecology of early life stages of marine benthic invertebrates, particularly asteroids, is poorly understood. Here we describe the results of surveys to characterize the habitat and quantify the abundance and diet of recruits of the sun star Heliaster helianthus, a keystone predator at rocky intertidal sites in central Chile. Our results support the existence of size-related, ontogenetic changes in habitat use and diet of this species. Recruits occupy boulders and crevices in the high or mid-high intertidal zones of wave-protected habitats and as they grow they move down towards lower tidal levels. Adults are characteristically found in the low intertidal zone of wave exposed and semi-exposed habitats. These changes in habitat use are accompanied by changes in diet composition and particularly by a broadening of the prey species incorporated in the diet. Since early stages of Heliaster appear to be most sensitive to predation and abiotic stress and since adults are such important predators in wave exposed rocky shores, knowledge of the basic ecology of early stages of this species is critical to fully understand the dynamics of intertidal communities.

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Wares, John P., and Clifford W. Cunningham. "PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AND HISTORICAL ECOLOGY OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC INTERTIDAL." Evolution 55, no. 12 (2001): 2455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[2455:paheot]2.0.co;2.

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Reddin, Carl J., Felipe Docmac, Nessa E. O’Connor, John H. Bothwell, and Chris Harrod. "Coastal Upwelling Drives Intertidal Assemblage Structure and Trophic Ecology." PLOS ONE 10, no. 7 (July 27, 2015): e0130789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130789.

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Wares, John P., and Clifford W. Cunningham. "PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AND HISTORICAL ECOLOGY OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC INTERTIDAL." Evolution 55, no. 12 (December 2001): 2455–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00760.x.

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Pulgar, Jose M., Francisco Bozinovic, and F. Patricio Ojeda. "Local distribution and thermal ecology of two intertidal fishes." Oecologia 142, no. 4 (December 24, 2004): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1755-4.

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12

Hyde, Kevin D. "Intertidal mangrove fungi from north Sumatra." Canadian Journal of Botany 67, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 3078–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b89-386.

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Investigations into the intertidal fungi of Kampong Nelayan Mangrove (Belawan), north Sumatra, yielded 39 species of which one is new to science. Driftwood and mangrove roots and branches were examined. This first report of marine fungi from north Sumatra extends our knowledge of their ecology and geographical distribution. The new species is described and illustrated at the light microscope level.

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13

McIntire, LC, and PE Bourdeau. "World’s largest chiton (Cryptochiton stelleri) is an inefficient thermoregulator." Marine Ecology Progress Series 652 (October 15, 2020): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13477.

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Rocky intertidal zones are some of the most thermally stressful environments on earth, where ectotherms deal with tidally driven fluctuations in air and water temperatures that can exceed their maximum thermal tolerance. However, not all intertidal ectotherms face the same exposure risk. In northern regions of the eastern Pacific, summertime low tides occur during midday, exposing ectotherms to potentially stressful temperatures, whereas cooler pre-dawn low tides in southern regions buffer ectotherms from thermal stress. Gumboot chitons Cryptochiton stelleri are thermally sensitive intertidal grazers that range from southern California to Alaska, exposing them to a mosaic of thermal stresses. We quantified chiton thermal performance limits in the laboratory by testing the effects of elevated air and water temperatures on grazing. We also compared the thermoregulation efficiency of chitons from thermally benign northern California sites with those from thermally stressful San Juan Island, Washington sites, using 3 components: (1) biomimetic thermal models deployed intertidally, (2) chiton body temperatures in the field, and (3) chiton thermal preference in a laboratory-based thermal gradient. We found that chiton grazing performance was greatly reduced at 18°C in water, and they reached their grazing performance limit after exposure to 20°C in air, confirming previous work documenting thermal limits on chiton respiration. Chitons preferred body temperatures within 3°C of their thermal performance limits, but they rarely achieved body temperatures that would maximize grazing in the field. This suggests that chitons are not thermoregulating efficiently with respect to maximizing grazing performance, but instead are minimizing exposure to temperatures that would be detrimental to their performance.

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14

Hartnoll, R. G., A. C. Mathieson, and P. H. Nienhuis. "Intertidal and Littoral Ecosystems." Journal of Ecology 80, no. 4 (December 1992): 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2260876.

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15

Fass, Megan P. "The current rockweed, Ascophyllum nodosum, harvesting regime on the shores of Nova Scotia – a review." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 51, no. 2 (October 29, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v51i2.11166.

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Ascophyllum nodosum is an ecologically and economically valuable species of brown seaweed found in Nova Scotia. The large fronds covered in airbladders create distinctive underwater canopy ecosystems in the intertidal zone. Ascophyllum is valuable as a soil supplement and fertilizer due to its biochemical composition. Commercial harvest of this wild resource began approximately sixty years ago and has been continuously exploited since. Careful management of Ascophyllum stocks is necessary to sustain the industry. In this literature review, the current harvesting regime of this seaweed in Nova Scotia is summarized and assessed in relation to harvesting regimes elsewhere and to the state of the intertidal marine ecosystem.Keywords: Ascophyllum nodosum, ecological impacts, intertidal ecology, resource management, rockweed harvesting, seaweed industry

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16

Coates, Mike. "Position affects gastropod predation of sessile colonizers on a tropical rocky shore." Marine and Freshwater Research 53, no. 6 (2002): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf01061.

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A long-term experiment was carried out to determine the relative abilities of five sessile animals to colonize cleared plots in the presence or absence of predators. The experiment was done on two adjacent rocky shores, one sheltered and one exposed, on a small tropical island. The effect of predation in maintaining bare space was greatest on the exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal, less on the sheltered shore and absent on the exposed shore/lower mid-intertidal. The barnacle, Tesseropora rosea, recruited heavily at the exposed shore/lower mid-intertidal and was dominant, but was unable to colonize the exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal or the sheltered shore. The barnacle, Tetraclita squamosa, successfully colonized only the exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal and did not appear to be affected by predation. The oyster, Saccostrea amasa, had low colonization levels only on the sheltered shore and exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal, small individuals were susceptible to predation. The barnacle, Chthamalus maylayensis, heavily colonized only the exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal but was removed from this shore height by gastropod predators. The oyster, Saccostrea echinata, colonized only the sheltered shore and was very susceptible to predation. Given the variability found on this small spatial scale, it is suggested that consistent differences in ecological processes between regions (tropical versus temperate) are unlikely but, rather, that differences between localities will be found at the level of species interactions and abiotic effects in particular habits.

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17

Granadeiro, José P., João Belo, Mohamed Henriques, João Catalão, and Teresa Catry. "Using Sentinel-2 Images to Estimate Topography, Tidal-Stage Lags and Exposure Periods over Large Intertidal Areas." Remote Sensing 13, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020320.

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Intertidal areas provide key ecosystem services but are declining worldwide. Digital elevation models (DEMs) are important tools to monitor the evolution of such areas. In this study, we aim at (i) estimating the intertidal topography based on an established pixel-wise algorithm, from Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument scenes, (ii) implementing a set of procedures to improve the quality of such estimation, and (iii) estimating the exposure period of the intertidal area of the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. We first propose a four-parameter logistic regression to estimate intertidal topography. Afterwards, we develop a novel method to estimate tide-stage lags in the area covered by a Sentinel-2 scene to correct for geographical bias in topographic estimation resulting from differences in water height within each image. Our method searches for the minimum differences in height estimates obtained from rising and ebbing tides separately, enabling the estimation of cotidal lines. Tidal-stage differences estimated closely matched those published by official authorities. We re-estimated pixel heights from which we produced a model of intertidal exposure period. We obtained a high correlation between predicted and in-situ measurements of exposure period. We highlight the importance of remote sensing to deliver large-scale intertidal DEM and tide-stage data, with relevance for coastal safety, ecology and biodiversity conservation.

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18

Hechler, Robert M. "Crow predation on intertidal invertebrates." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 19, no. 9 (November 2021): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fee.2424.

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19

Li, Xunmeng, Jianqu Chen, Jun Li, Kai Wang, Zhenhua Wang, and Shouyu Zhang. "Determination of intertidal macroalgae community patterns using the power law model." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 7, 2022): e0277281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277281.

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The spatial heterogeneity of macroalgae in intertidal zones affects the stability of marine ecosystem communities, contributes to the maintenance of coastal biodiversity, and has an essential role in ecosystem and habitat maintenance. We explored the feasibility of applying the power law model to analyze the spatial distribution of macroalgae on Lvhua Island (Zhejiang Province, China) and characterized the intertidal spatial heterogeneity of the macroalgae present. The results showed a strong association between the spatial distribution of macroalgae in the intertidal zone and the power law model (R2 = 0.98). There was a positive association between species occurrence frequency and the spatial heterogeneity index of macroalgae species. The model also indicated there was macroalgal habitat structure at the site as the spatial heterogeneity within the community was greater than that of random distribution. The power law model reported here provides a new method for macroalgae community ecology research and could be broadly utilized to analyze the spatial pattern of macroalgae in intertidal zones.

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GORDON, DONALD C. "Intertidal ecology and potential power impacts, Bay of Fundy, Canada." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 51, no. 1-2 (January 1994): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1994.tb00940.x.

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21

Tomanek, L. "Physiological Ecology of Rocky Intertidal Organisms: A Synergy of Concepts." Integrative and Comparative Biology 42, no. 4 (August 1, 2002): 771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/42.4.771.

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22

Underwood, A. J. "Experimental ecology of rocky intertidal habitats: what are we learning?" Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 250, no. 1-2 (July 2000): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(00)00179-9.

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23

Benson, Keith R. "Marine biology, intertidal ecology, and a new place for biology." History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 36, no. 3 (October 16, 2014): 312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40656-014-0037-7.

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Brattstrüm, Hans. "Intertidal ecology of the northernmost part of the Chilean Archipelago." Sarsia 75, no. 2 (June 20, 1990): 107–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1990.10413444.

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25

Krapp-Schickel, T., J. M. Guerra-García, E. Baeza-Rojano, and M. P. Cabezas. "Taxonomy and ecology of some gammaridean species (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from Tarifa Island, southern Spain." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91, no. 2 (June 17, 2010): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315410000810.

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On Tarifa Island (Strait of Gibraltar) several amphipod species were studied from intertidal algae: Ampithoe ferox, Apherusa mediterranea, Hyale spinidactyla, Hyale cf. youngi and Jassa cadetta. The allometric growth of gnathopod 2 in male is demonstrated for A. ferox. Jassa cadetta had been recorded previously only from the northern Adriatic Sea, while Hyale spinidactyla and Hyale cf. youngi had been only known from the Atlantic Ocean. Along the intertidal area, A. mediterranea and J. cadetta were dominant in the low levels located near the infralittoral area, while A. ferox, Hyale spinidactyla and Hyale cf. youngi were distributed in intermediate and upper levels, closer to the supralittoral zone. All the species showed the maximum peaks of abundance from April to October, coinciding with the maximum seawater temperatures.

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Henriques, Mohamed, Teresa Catry, João Ricardo Belo, Theunis Piersma, Samuel Pontes, and José Pedro Granadeiro. "Combining Multispectral and Radar Imagery with Machine Learning Techniques to Map Intertidal Habitats for Migratory Shorebirds." Remote Sensing 14, no. 14 (July 6, 2022): 3260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14143260.

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Migratory shorebirds are notable consumers of benthic invertebrates on intertidal sediments. The distribution and abundance of shorebirds will strongly depend on their prey and on landscape and sediment features such as mud and surface water content, topography, and the presence of ecosystem engineers. An understanding of shorebird distribution and ecology thus requires knowledge of the various habitat types which may be distinguished in intertidal areas. Here, we combine Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 imagery and a digital elevation model (DEM), using machine learning techniques to map intertidal habitat types of importance to migratory shorebirds and their benthic prey. We do this on the third most important non-breeding area for migratory shorebirds in the East Atlantic Flyway, in the Bijagós Archipelago in West Africa. Using pixel-level random forests, we successfully mapped rocks, shell beds, and macroalgae and distinguished between areas of bare sediment and areas occupied by fiddler crabs, an ecosystem engineer that promotes significant bioturbation on intertidal flats. We also classified two sediment types (sandy and mixed) within the bare sediment and fiddler crab areas, according to their mud content. The overall classification accuracy was 82%, and the Kappa Coefficient was 73%. The most important predictors were elevation, the Sentinel-2-derived water and moisture indexes, and Sentinel-1 VH band. The association of Sentinel-2 with Sentinel-1 and a DEM produced the best results compared to the models without these variables. This map provides an overall picture of the composition of the intertidal habitats in a site of international importance for migratory shorebirds. Most of the intertidal flats of the Bijagós Archipelago are covered by bare sandy sediments (59%), and ca. 22% is occupied by fiddler crabs. This likely has significant implications for the spatial arrangement of the shorebird and benthic invertebrate communities due to the ecosystem engineering by the fiddler crabs, which promotes two vastly different intertidal species assemblages. This large-scale mapping provides an important product for the future monitoring of this high biodiversity area, particularly for ecological research related to the distribution and feeding ecology of the shorebirds and their prey. Such information is key from a conservation and management perspective. By delivering a successful and comprehensive mapping workflow, we contribute to the filling of the current knowledge gap on the application of remote sensing and machine learning techniques within intertidal areas, which are among the most challenging environments to map using remote sensing techniques.

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Garbary, David J., Megan P. Fass, and Herb Vandermeulen. "Invasive Fucus serratus (Fucaceae, Phaeophyceae) responds to climate change along the Atlantic Coast of Nova Scotia, Canada." Botanica Marina 64, no. 5 (September 29, 2021): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bot-2021-0056.

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Abstract The distribution and ecology of the invasive brown alga Fucus serratus along the 500 km Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada, has been poorly explored. We observed significant intertidal penetration at four sites in the southwestern part of the province, and then examined numerous sites along the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia. Surveys of attached algae in intertidal and shallow subtidal zones and wrack show that F. serratus has become a dominant plant in the low to mid-intertidal zone and can be expected on headlands along the South Shore of Nova Scotia where it can occupy up to 40% of the intertidal zone with cover >75% and mean densities of up to 10 kg m−1. In this zone, F. serratus has replaced Chondrus crispus as the major canopy species, although C. crispus and Corallina officinalis remain primary understory species. At slightly higher elevations, F. serratus was common as an understory beneath Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus. While geographic spread along the Atlantic coast might reflect the natural dispersal capacity of F. serratus, we hypothesize that the ecological extension into the intertidal zone may be facilitated by harvesting of A. nodosum and by climate change in an ocean-warming hotspot.

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BENDELL-YOUNG, L. I. "Contrasting the community structure and select geochemical characteristics of three intertidal regions in relation to shellfish farming." Environmental Conservation 33, no. 1 (March 2006): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892906002864.

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Little is known about the impacts of intensive shellfish farming on intertidal ecosystems. To assess such impacts, several indices of ecosystem structure and select geochemical characteristics were contrasted among three intertidal regions, which represented a gradient of shellfish farming activities, namely (1) no active aquaculture, (2) actively farmed for three years and (3) actively farmed for five years. All three intertidal regions were located in Baynes Sound (British Columbia, Canada) and were geographically similar. Among the three beaches, species richness, community composition, bivalve abundance, biomass, distribution, and composition and surficial sediment per cent organic matter (carbon) and silt were compared. The intertidal regions that had been used for farming for three and five years had lower species richness, different bivalve composition, abundance and distributions, and a foreshore community dominated by bivalves, as compared to the intertidal region where no active farming occurred. Beaches that were actively farmed also had greater accumulations of organic matter and silt. Simplification of the intertidal benthic community, coupled with accumulations of organic matter and increased siltation, may have altered the ecology of the foreshore region used for intense shellfish harvesting. To access the foreshore for shellfish farming in a sustainable manner, studies are needed to determine the scale to which intensive use of the foreshore for shellfish purposes alone is feasible without undue harm to the environment.

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Checon, Helio H., Mariana O. Silva, Guilherme N. Corte, Leonardo Q. Yokoyama, M. Alexandra Teodósio, and Alexander Turra. "Full stomachs at empty tides: tidal cycle affects feeding activity and diet of the sandy beach gastropod Olivella minuta." Journal of Molluscan Studies 86, no. 3 (June 12, 2020): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyaa007.

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ABSTRACT Olivella minuta is an abundant neogastropod on sandy beaches from Texas (USA) to southern Brazil. This study aimed to characterize and compare the feeding activity and diet of a Brazilian population of O. minuta in different tidal zones (intertidal and subtidal), and different tidal levels (high and low tides), with three combinations of tidal zone and level being studied (intertidal during low tide, intertidal during high tide and subtidal). The results showed that diet composition was generally similar among tidal conditions, with O. minuta being a generalist, feeding on 45 different food items. Feeding activity, however, was higher in the intertidal during low tide, whereas the richness and diversity of food items were higher in the intertidal during high tide. The higher feeding activity of O. minuta during low tide may be linked to a lower risk of predation; at low tide organisms may be able to feed for a longer time, and this may be particularly true on beaches with fine sand, where water retention is higher than that on beaches with coarse sand. The higher diversity of food items consumed in the intertidal during high tide is likely related to the increased prevalence of planktonic food during high tide. Our results indicate that tidal zone and level may strongly influence the feeding activity of coastal soft-bottom species and that species may show higher feeding activity during low tide. Given the current loss of intertidal habitats due to anthropogenic activity and climate-change associated factors, our study has important implications, highlighting the importance of intertidal areas for the ecology and conservation of sandy beach species.

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Page, Tessa M., Samantha Worthington, Piero Calosi, and Jonathon H. Stillman. "Effects of elevated pCO2 on crab survival and exoskeleton composition depend on shell function and species distribution: a comparative analysis of carapace and claw mineralogy across four porcelain crab species from different habitats." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 4 (December 6, 2016): 1021–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw196.

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Elevated concentration of carbon dioxide (elevated pCO2) that cause reduced pH is known to influence calcification in many marine taxa, but how elevated pCO2 influences cation composition of mineralized structures is less well studied. To a large extent, the degree to which elevated pCO2 impacts mineralized structures is influenced by physiological adaptation of organisms to environments where low pH is routinely experienced. Here, we test the hypotheses that elevated pCO2 will differently impact the relative concentrations of divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr2+, and Mn2+) in four closely related species of porcelain crabs distributed across intertidal zone gradients. Cation composition of carapace and claw exoskeleton was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry following 24-day exposures to pH/pCO2 levels of 8.0/418 and 7.4/1850 µatm during the intermoult period. Reduced pH/elevated pCO2 caused a 13–24% decrease of carapace [Ca2+] across all species, and species-specific responses in carapace and claw [Mg2+], [Sr2+] and [Mn2+] were observed. During a 24-day exposure, reduced pH/elevated pCO2 reduced survival probability in low-intertidal but not mid-intertidal species. Overall, the effect of reduced pH/elevated pCO2 on exoskeleton mineral composition was muted in mid-intertidal species relative to low-intertidal species, indicating that extant adaptation to the variable intertidal zone may lessen the impact of ocean acidification (OA) on maintenance of mineralized structures. Differences in responses to reduced pH/elevated pCO2 among closely related species adds complexity to predictive inferences regarding the effects of OA.

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Wilkinson, Martin. "Aspects of intertidal ecology with reference to conservation of Scottish seashores." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 100 (1992): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000011076.

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SynopsisSome of the more basic features of intertidal rocky shore communities are reviewed in order to point out the biological variability of this habitat type. This means that biological survey of them could be very detailed or could alternatively be based on physical features combined with basic community data. A previous conservation survey of Northern Ireland has shown that habitats and their communities can be classified without as much data as is customarily collected in transect surveys. In the Scottish context there is a particular variety of shores meriting conservation on the west coast sealochs. So far no intertidal effects of fish fanning have been demonstrated on them. Seaweed harvesting is localised although it may need control in the longer term. It is suggested that a change in the approach to protect areas might enable such habitats to be given protection without necessarily pursuing all the biological survey possible in such diverse habitats. East coast shores and those of the Solway area are less well-known but merit further study.

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32

Brown, BE, RP Dunne, TP Scoffin, and MDA Le Tissier. "Solar damage in intertidal corals." Marine Ecology Progress Series 105 (1994): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps105219.

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33

Vermeulen, Els. "Intertidal habitat use of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Bahía San Antonio, Argentina." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 5 (May 30, 2017): 1109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315417000856.

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Very little information is available on bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) habitat use in the South-western Atlantic. It is, however, essential in understanding their ecology and to improve conservation management. In this study, habitat use of bottlenose dolphins was examined in Bahía San Antonio, an area frequented by the species. Given the large tidal amplitude and extended intertidal zone in this bay, special focus was given to the intertidal vs subtidal habitat use patterns. Bottlenose dolphins were observed in only half of the surveyed area, with on average 1 dolphin group encountered per 100 km surveyed. All dolphin groups were seen in shallow waters <10 m deep. GLM analyses showed that especially during high tide, depth had an important effect on the dolphin encounter rate, with most dolphin groups encountered in the intertidal zone. While in the intertidal zone, most dolphin groups were observed to be engaged in surface feeding activities. The presented data indicate dolphins remained in shallow waters, and moved to the intertidal zone during high tide where they appear to find feeding opportunities. This information is believed to be of high value in understanding this population's ecological needs, and essential when aiming to improve marine conservation efforts at times of increased anthropogenic pressures in the area.

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Adame, Maria Fernanda, Ruth Reef, Alistair Grinham, Glen Holmes, and Catherine E. Lovelock. "Nutrient exchange of extensive cyanobacterial mats in an arid subtropical wetland." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 5 (2012): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11133.

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Cyanobacterial mats cover extensive areas of subtropical arid coastal wetlands and are sites of active nutrient exchange. To assess spatial (low v. high in the intertidal zone) and temporal (day v. night) variability in nitrogen (N) exchange in arid Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia, we measured nutrient exchange (NOx–-N, NH4+ and soluble reactive phosphorus) during tidal inundation and N fixation of cyanobacterial mats before and during an unusual period of heavy rainfall. Additionally, we investigated the species composition within the cyanobacterial mat. We hypothesised that nutrients are released to the floodwater during tidal inundation, that N fixation is a significant path of N incorporation, that highest N fixation rates occur in the low intertidal zone at night, and that the cyanobacterial mat community composition varies across the intertidal zone. Our results showed that nutrients were removed from the floodwater during tidal inundation. N fixation accounted for 34% of N incorporation, with highest rates in the lower intertidal zone during the day. The cyanobacterial mat was dominated by Microcoleus chthonoplastes, but composition varied across the intertidal zone. The present study provided evidence of temporal and spatial variability in nutrient exchange and implied an important role of cyanobacterial mats in coastal production.

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Cid Alda, Fernanda P., Nelson Valdivia, and Marie-Laure Guillemin. "More than What Meets the Eye: Differential Spatiotemporal Distribution of Cryptic Intertidal Bangiales." Plants 11, no. 5 (February 24, 2022): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11050605.

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Morphologically similar but genetically distinct species have been termed cryptic and most have been assumed to be ecologically similar. However, if these species co-occur at a certain spatial scale, some niche differences at finer scales should be expected to allow for coexistence. Here, we demonstrate the existence of a disjointed distribution of cryptic bladed Bangiales along spatial (intertidal elevations) and temporal (seasons) environmental gradients. Bladed Bangiales were identified and quantified across four intertidal elevations and four seasons for one year, at five rocky intertidal sites (between 39° S and 43° S) in southern Chile. Species determination was based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene amplification. To assess species gross morphology, thallus shape, color, and maximum length and width were recorded. Hundreds of organisms were classified into nine Bangiales species belonging to three genera (i.e., Fuscifolium, Porphyra, and Pyropia), including five frequent (>97% of specimens) and four infrequent species. All species, except for Pyropia saldanhae, had been previously reported along the coasts of Chile. The thallus shape and color were very variable, and a large overlap of the maximum width and length supported the cryptic status of these species. Multivariate analyses showed that the main variable affecting species composition was intertidal elevation. Species such as Py. orbicularis were more abundant in low and mid intertidal zones, while others, such as Po. mumfordii and Po. sp. FIH, were principally observed in high and spray elevations. Despite all numerically dominant species being present all year long, a slight effect of seasonal variation on species composition was also detected. These results strongly support the existence of spatial niche partitioning in cryptic Bangiales along the Chilean rocky intertidal zone.

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Haynes, D., and GP Quinn. "Temporal and spatial variability in community structure of a sandy intertidal beach, Cape Paterson, Victoria, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 6 (1995): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950931.

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The infauna of a sheltered sandy intertidal beach at Cape Paterson, Victoria, was sampled on a three-monthly basis over a two-year period. In total, 116495 individuals comprising 41 species were collected over this time. Common species collected included the dipteran Chaetocoelopa sydneyensis, the coleopteran Sphargeris physodes, the isopods Pseudolana concinna and Actaecia thomsoni, the amphipods Talorchestia cf. novaehollandiae and Exoediceroides maculosus, and the polychaetes Magelona sp. and Scolelepis lamellicincta. There were significant differences in infaunal densities and species richness between the beach heights sampled, with both factors increasing with decreasing beach height over the intertidal zone. In generaI, insects were confined to upper beach heights, polychaetes were confined to lower beach heights, and different crustacean species spanned the entire intertidal beach. Significant temporal differences also existed in infaunal densities and species numbers at most of the beach heights sampled. These temporal differences were related to changes in the densities of common intertidal species. Only four of these common species (S. physodes, C. sydneyensis, T. cf. novaehollandiae and E. maculosus) exhibited any seasonal pattern in this temporal variation in density. Multivariate analysis of infaunal data failed to consistently separate beach heights into the universal zones previously proposed for sandy intertidal habitats. The unpredictable nature of biotic and abiotic influences on sandy intertidal infauna makes it unrealistic to expect to be able to consistently separate faunal assemblages on any given sampling occasion, with the exception of a characteristic fauna with terrestrial affinities that is confined to the upper beach. Any zonation patterns identified as being present on sandy beaches need to be qualified by the time of year in which data were collected.

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Mangan, S., KR Bryan, SF Thrush, RV Gladstone-Gallagher, AM Lohrer, and CA Pilditch. "Shady business: the darkening of estuaries constrains benthic ecosystem function." Marine Ecology Progress Series 647 (August 13, 2020): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13410.

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Coastal intertidal soft-sediment habitats provide ecosystem services to millions of people worldwide, yet are under intense pressure from land-use change and sea-level rise (SLR). Both pressures interact to reduce light reaching the seafloor, thereby disrupting benthic primary producers and the ecosystem functions and services they provide. This study considers the implications of altered light climate on microphytobenthic (MPB) production in shallow estuaries. Continuous measurements of seafloor photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) were made over 9 mo on intertidal sandflats in 14 New Zealand estuaries spanning a turbidity gradient. A literature summary of benthic photosynthesis-irradiance curves was used to predict PAR limitation at sampling sites. Estimates of the proportion of time MPB would be light limited during emersion ranged from a median of 32-64% compared to a median of 55-100% during immersion. For estuaries close to 100% PAR limitation during immersion, emerged intertidal areas represent a refuge for MPB production which is vulnerable to SLR. Based on hypsometric curves (a representation of estuary bathymetry), the intertidal area of our study estuaries is predicted to decrease by 27-94% in response to SLR of 1.4 m. The combination of high PAR limitation during immersion and large losses of intertidal area will increase vulnerability to the loss of MPB production and the associated ecosystem services, which will push these ecosystems towards tipping points. The research highlights how the interplay between local and global scale stressors may ultimately trigger ecological collapse under future global change.

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Kraan, Casper, Theunis Piersma, Anne Dekinga, Anita Koolhaas, and Jaap van der Meer. "Dredging for edible cockles (Cerastoderma edule) on intertidal flats: short-term consequences of fisher patch-choice decisions for target and non-target benthic fauna." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 9 (October 22, 2007): 1735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsm153.

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Abstract Kraan, C., Piersma, T., Dekinga, A., Koolhaas, A. and van der Meer, J., 2007. Dredging for edible cockles (Cerastoderma edule) on intertidal flats: short-term consequences of fisher patch-choice decisions for target and non-target benthic fauna. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64. Intertidal flats in the Dutch Wadden Sea are protected by national and international treaties. Still, mechanical dredging for edible cockles Cerastoderma edule was allowed in 74% of 1200 km2 of intertidal flats. Cumulatively, between 1992 and 2001, 19% of the intertidal area was affected by mechanical cockle-dredging at least once. On the basis of a grid of 2650 stations sampled annually, we evaluate the extent to which cockle-dredging from 1998 to 2003 was selective with respect to non-target macrozoobenthic intertidal fauna. In all 4 years that comparisons could be made, to-be-dredged areas contained greater diversity of macrobenthic animals than areas that remained undredged. Targeted cockles were 2.5 times more abundant in areas that were to be dredged shortly, but other species also occurred in higher densities in these areas. Small amphipods and some bivalves occurred less in to-be-dredged areas than elsewhere. In terms of short-term responses to dredging, four non-target species showed a significant decrease in abundance 1 year after dredging. Only Tellina tenuis showed an increase a year after dredging.

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Koo, Bon Joo, Jaehwan Seo, and Min Seong Jang. "The Relationship between Burrow Opening Dimensions and Biomass of Intertidal Macroinvertebrates by Feeding Mode (Surface Deposit Feeders vs. Suspension Feeders)." Animals 12, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 2878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12202878.

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Biomass and abundance are fundamental parameters in ecology, conservation biology, and environmental impact assessment. Distinguishing features, such as burrow openings and feeding pellets, made by different intertidal macroinvertebrate species on the surface are used as proxies to establish the abundance of intertidal macroinvertebrates. This study investigated the feasibility of estimating biomass from the burrow opening dimensions as a proxy. We analyzed the relationship between the burrow opening dimensions and body weights of intertidal macroinvertebrates and compared surface deposit feeders with suspension feeders. Regression analysis evaluated the relationship between burrow opening diameter, body size, and biomass. The diameters of surface deposit feeder burrow openings were significantly related to biomass, but this was not the case for suspension feeders. Our results indicate that burrow opening dimensions can be used as a proxy to estimate the biomass of surface deposit feeders. However, additional studies are needed to clarify further the relationship between the burrow opening diameter and biomass of the suspension feeders. This is a preliminary study to spatially quantify the biomass of intertidal macroinvertebrates by extracting the dimension of burrow openings from drone images through object detection tools.

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Peckol, Paultette, Marilyn M. Harlin, and Priska Krumscheid. "PHYSIOLOGICAL AND POPULATION ECOLOGY OF INTERTIDAL AND SUBTIDAL ASCOPHYLLUM NODOSUM (PHAEOPHYTA)." Journal of Phycology 24, no. 2 (June 1988): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1529-8817.1988.tb00077.x.

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Van Colen, Carl, Graham J. C. Underwood, João Serôdio, and David M. Paterson. "Ecology of intertidal microbial biofilms: Mechanisms, patterns and future research needs." Journal of Sea Research 92 (September 2014): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2014.07.003.

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Jeffery, Carolyn J. "Reproductive ecology of the intertidal honeycomb barnacle in New South Wales." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 486 (January 2017): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2016.09.013.

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Dethier, Megan N. "The ecology of intertidal algal crusts: variation within a functional group." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 177, no. 1 (April 1994): 37–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(94)90143-0.

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Pugh, P. J. A., and P. E. King. "Feeding in intertidal Acari." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 94, no. 1-3 (December 1985): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(85)90064-4.

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Butler, AJ. "Ecology of Pinna bicolor gmelin (Mollusca : Bivalvia) in Gulf St Vincent, South Australia: density, reproductive cycle, recruitment, growth and mortality at three sites." Marine and Freshwater Research 38, no. 6 (1987): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9870743.

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Random samples of P. bicolor were taken from one intertidal and two subtidal sites over 3 years and tagged individuals of P. bicolor were followed for up to 6 years at two other sites. P. bicolor is dioecious. Mature gonads were observed in early summer (November-January) with a peak in December each year. The pattern appeared to differ little between years or sites but the period of maximum gonad activity was shorter at the intertidal site. Growth was slower at the intertidal site and animals reached a smaller maximum size there than at the subtidal sites, which differed slightly. It is concluded that P. bicolor can reach reproductive size (15 cm shell length) in little more than a year but, at least subtidally, have a low mortality rate (less than 0.1 year-1) thereafter. Recruitment is variable and it is argued that at some sites superficially 'stable' densities of P. bicolor are maintained by occasional strong recruitments, which are 'stored' in the population because of low adult mortality. The implications of this for management and for the use of P. bicolor as a biological monitor are discussed.

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Windle, Anna E., Brandon Puckett, Klaus B. Huebert, Zofia Knorek, David W. Johnston, and Justin T. Ridge. "Estimation of Intertidal Oyster Reef Density Using Spectral and Structural Characteristics Derived from Unoccupied Aircraft Systems and Structure from Motion Photogrammetry." Remote Sensing 14, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 2163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14092163.

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Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) are an important component of the ecology and economy in coastal zones. Through the long-term consolidation of densely clustered shells, oyster reefs generate three-dimensional and complex structures that yield a suite of ecosystem services, such as nursery habitat, stabilizing shorelines, regulating nutrients, and increasing biological diversity. The decline of global oyster habitat has been well documented and can be attributed to factors, such as overharvesting, pollution, and disease. Monitoring oyster reefs is necessary to evaluate persistence and track changes in habitat conditions but can be time and labor intensive. In this present study, spectral and structural metrics of intertidal oyster reefs derived from Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Structure from Motion (SfM) outputs are used to estimate intertidal oyster density. This workflow provides a remote, rapid, nondestructive, and potentially standardizable method to assess large-scale intertidal oyster reef density that will significantly improve management strategies to protect this important coastal resource from habitat degradation.

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Dinh, Quang Minh, Ton Huu Duc Nguyen, Tran Thi Huyen Lam, Tien Thi Kieu Nguyen, Giang Van Tran, and Zeehan Jaafar. "Foraging ecology of the amphibious mudskipper Periophthalmus chrysospilos (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae)." PeerJ 9 (December 7, 2021): e12582. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12582.

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The food composition and feeding ecology of fishes living in the intertidal zone play an essential role in understanding the energetic connectivity between terrestrial and aquatic systems. Periophthalmus chrysospilos is an amphibious fish species occurring in the intertidal zone, but data on its diet and foraging ecology is still poorly known. This study on Ps. chrysospilos was carried out from April 2020 to March 2021 at four sites within the Mekong Delta estuary to define the influence of spatio-temporal factors on the diet of this species. The diet composition and relative gut lengths (RGLs) of Ps. chrysospilos were analysed in relation to four parameters—sex, size, site, and season. A total of 1,031 individuals were collected, and their digestive tract lengths were used to calculate the RGL. The digestive tracts of only 546 individuals were with food items (approximately 1:1 of empty vs full digestive tract) and were subsequently used for further analyses. The ranges in total length and weight in both adult and juvenile individuals were 3.4–10.6 cm and 0.38–14.13 g, respectively. The RGL values varied with season, fish size and site, but was always lower than 1, indicating a predominantly carnivorous diet. The variability of food items found within the digestive tracts demonstrated its adaptability in pursuing prey items within the limits of the littoral zone, and its importance as a conduit of terrestrial-marine connectivity. This species is characterised as an opportunistic mesopredator feeding primarily on Acetes spp., Uca spp., Dolichoderus sp., and rarely on Polychaeta and Actinopterygii. Other items found within the digestive tract are Mollusca, and detritus. The diet composition of Ps. chrysospilos did not vary with season and size, but changed with sex and site parameters. Uca spp. contributed to the sexual variation in dietary component, whereas Mollusca, Uca spp., Dolichoderus sp. and detritus, were drivers for spatial variation in the dietary component. The research provides fundamental information on diet composition and feeding strategy, as well as contributes towards knowledge on foraging ecology and resource use by intertidal animal communities.

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Hsiao, Stephen I. C. "Photosynthesis of two arctic intertidal seaweeds." Sarsia 75, no. 1 (May 9, 1990): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00364827.1990.10413440.

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Anderson, MJ, and SD Connell. "Predation by fish on intertidal oysters." Marine Ecology Progress Series 187 (1999): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps187203.

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Davenport, J., and S. Irwin. "Hypoxic life of intertidal acorn barnacles." Marine Biology 143, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 555–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-003-1057-0.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Intertidal ecology'

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