Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Intersection algébrique'
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Cheboui, Smail. "Intersection Algébrique sur les surfaces à petits carreaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021MONTS006.
Full textWe study the quantity denoted Kvol defined by KVol(X,g) = Vol(X,g)*sup_{alpha,beta} frac{Int(alpha,beta)}{l_g (alpha)l_g(beta)} where X is a compact surface of genus s, Vol(X,g) is the volume (area) of the surface with respect to the metric g and alpha, beta two simple closed curves on the surface X.The main results of this thesis can be found in Chapters 3 and 4. In Chapter 3 titled "Algebraic intersection for translation surfaces in the stratum H(2)" we are interested in the sequence of kvol of surfaces L(n,n) and we provide that KVol(L(n,n)) goes to 2 when n goes to infinity. In Chapter 4 titled "Algebraic intersection for translation surfaces in a family of Teichmüller disks" we are interested in the Kvol for a surfaces belonging to the stratum H(2s-2) wich is an n-fold ramified cover of a flat torus. We are also interested in the surfaces St(2s-1) and we show that kvol(St(2s-1))=2s-1. We are also interested in the minimum of Kvol on the Teichmüller disk of the surface St(2s-1) which will be (2s-1)sqrt {frac {143}{ 144}} and it is achieved at the two points (pm frac{9}{14}, frac{sqrt{143}}{14})
Busé, Laurent. "Étude du résultant sur une variété algébrique." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00096815.
Full textGaray-Lopez, Cristhian Emmanuel. "Tropical intersection theory, and real inflection points of real algebraic curves." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066364/document.
Full textThis thesis is divided in two main parts. First, we study the relationships between intersection theories in tropical and algebraic geometry. Then, we study the question of the possibilities for the distribution of the real inflection points associated to a real linear system defined on a smooth real algebraic curve. In the first part, we present new results linking algebraic and tropical intersection theories over a very-affine algebraic variety defined over a particular non-Archimedean field (known as Mal’cev-Newmann field). The main result concerns the intersection of a one-dimensional algebraic cycle with a Cartier divisor in a variety with simple tropicalization. In the second part, we obtain first a characterization of the distribution of real inflection points associated to a real complete linear system of degree d>1 defined over a smooth real elliptic curve. Then we study some canonical, non-hyperelliptic real algebraic curves of genus 4 in a 3-dimensional projective space. We obtain a formule that relies the amount of real Weierstrass points of such a curve with the Euler-Poincaré characteristic of certain topological space. Finally, using O. Viro’s Patch-working technique, we construct an example of a smooth, non-hyperelliptic real algebraic curve of genus 4 having 30 real Weierstrass points
Wintz, Julien. "Méthodes algébriques pour la modélisation géometrique." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347162.
Full textLa première partie de cette thèse porte sur l'utilisation de méthodes algébriques en modélisation géométrique, l'accent étant mis sur la topologie, l'intersection et l'auto-intersection dans le cadre du calcul d'arrangement d'ensembles semi-algébriques comme les courbes et surfaces à représentation implicite ou paramétrique. Une attention particulière est portée à la généricité des algorithmes qui peuvent être spécifiés quel que soit le contexte, puis spécialisés pour répondre aux exigences d'une certaine représentation.
La seconde partie de cette thèse présente le prototypage d'un environnement de modélisation géométrique dont le but est de fournir un moyen générique et efficace pour modéliser des solides à partir d'objets géométriques à re\-pré\-sen\-ta\-tion algébrique tels que les courbes et surfaces implicites ou paramétriques, à la fois d'un point de vue utilisateur et d'un point de vue de développeur, par l'utilisation de librairies de calcul symbolique numérique pour la
manipulation des polynômes définissant les objets géométriques.
Lê, Thi Ha. "Intersection de surfaces algébriques paramétrées : classification et applications en C.G.A.O." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE4033.
Full textFoufou, Sebti. "Contribution à l'algorithmique des intersections de surfaces en algèbre des volumes." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10216.
Full textBrotbek, Damian. "Variétés projective à fibré cotangent ample." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00677065.
Full textBertrand, Benoit. "Hypersurfaces et intersections complètes maximales dans les variétés toriques." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10018.
Full textPetitjean, Sylvain. "Géométrie énumérative et contacts de variétés linéaires : application aux graphes d'aspects d'objets courbes." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1995_PETITJEAN_S.pdf.
Full textTomasini, Arnaud. "Intersections maximales de quadriques réelles." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD035/document.
Full textReal algebraic geometry is in its simplest definition, the study of sets of solutions of a system of polynomial equations with real coefficients. In this theme, we focus on the intersections of quadrics where already the case of three quadrics remains wide open. Our subject can be summarized as the topological study of real algebraic varieties and interaction between their topology on the one hand and their deformations and degenerations on the other hand, a problem coming from the 16th Hilbert problem and enriched by recent developments. In this thesis, we will focus on maximum intersections of real quadrics and particularly prove the existence of such intersections using research developments made since the late 80. In the case of intersections of three quadrics, we will point the very close link between the intersections on the one hand and on the other plane curves, and show that the study of M-curves (one of the problems of the 16th Hilbert problem) may be done through the study of maximum intersections. Next, we will use the study on nodal plane curves to determine in some cases deformation classes of intersections of three real quadrics
Corvez, Solen. "Etude de systèmes polynomiaux : contributions à la classification d'une famille de manipulateurs et au calcul des intersections de courbes A - splines : par Solen Corvez." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN10020.
Full textMilliet, Cédric. "Propriétés algébriques des structures menues ou minces, rang de Cantor Bendixson, espaces topologiques généralisés." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00442772.
Full textTorrelli, Tristan. "Equations fonctionnelles pour une fonction surun espace singulier." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011262.
Full textAprès avoir donné des résultats sur les polynômes de Bernstein associés aux sections d'un D-Module holonome, nous faisons l'étude du cas g lisse à l'origine, puis f lisse et X hypersurface. Nous étudions ensuite l'existence de polynômes de Bernstein génériques et relatifs des sections de R associées à une déformation analytique, reliant ces questions à la géométrie d'espaces conormaux.
Reprenant des idées de B. Malgrange, nous donnons ensuite une construction adaptée à l'étude des polynômes de Bernstein des sections de R lorsque les morphismes g et (f,g) définissent des intersections complètes à singularité isolée à l'origine. Cette construction impose notamment la quasi-homogénéité de g et nécessite des calculs d'annulateurs. Nous nous consacrons enfin aux calculs de polynômes de Bernstein basés sur ces résultats. Nous donnons d'abord un algorithme de calcul lorsque en plus des hypothèses adéquates, nous supposons que la partie initiale de f définit une singularité isolée sur X. Quand de plus f est quasi-homogène, nous obtenons des formules explicites. Nous terminons notre étude par des exemples de calculs lorsque X est un cône quadratique non dégénéré.
Liu, Chunhui. "Comptage des points rationnels dans les variétés arithmétiques." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC295/document.
Full textCounting rational points is a classical problem in Diophantine geometry. We are interested inupper bounds for the number of rational points of bounded height of an arithmetic hypersurface with bounded degree in a projective space. For this propose, we construct a family of auxiliary hypersurfaces which contain all these rational points of bounded height but don’t contain the generic point of this hypersurface. Several tools of Arakelov geometry and Diophantine geometry are developed or adapted in this work in order to apply the determinant method by the approach of Arakelov geometry, especially a uniform explicit upper bound and a uniform explicit lower bound of the arithmetic Hilbert-Samuel function of a hypersurface. For a reduced pure dimensional projective scheme over a ring of algebraic integers, we give an upper bound of the number of places over which the fiber is not reduced any longer. This upper bound is useful for the construction of these auxilary hypersurfaces mentioned above. In addition, the geometry over a finite field plays an important role in this problem. One of the key ingredients in this work is an e_ective upper bound for a counting function of multiplicities of rational points in a reduced projective hypersurface defined over a finite field, which gives a description of the complexity of its singular locus. For this problem of counting multiplicities, the major tool is intersection theory on a projective space
Blondin, Michael. "Complexité raffinée du problème d'intersection d'automates." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8440.
Full textThe automata non emptiness intersection problem is to determine whether several deterministic finite automata accept a word in common. It is known to be PSPACE-complete (resp. NL-complete) whenever the number of automata is not bounded (resp. bounded by a constant). In this work, we study the complexity of the automata intersection problem for several types of languages and automata such as unary languages, (abelian) group automata, commutative languages and finite languages. We raise the issue of limiting the number of final states to at most two in the automata involved. This way, we obtain relationships with some algebraic problems and an interesting classification of automata intersection problems inside the class P. Finally, we briefly consider the bounded version of the automata intersection problem.