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1

Popova, Oleksandra. "INTERROGATIVE COMMUNICATIVE SEMANTICS OF NON-INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES: THE TRANSLATION-RELATED ASPECT (ON THE MATERIAL OF UKRAINIAN, ENGLISH AND CHINESE)." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 26, no. 27 (February 2019): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2018-27-20.

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The article is devoted to the study of the interrogative communicative semantics of structurally non-interrogative sentences. Some possible means enabling the reproduction of interrogative communicative implementation while translating grammatically non interrogative sentences (statements) from Ukrainian into English / Chinese within the context of official academic correspondence are analysed. The type of sentences which are structurally non-interrogative and imply interrogation against the background of general conflict-free diplomacyoriented interaction is specified; some linguistic differentiating characteristics of translation within the language pairs “Ukrainian ↔ English” and “Ukrainian ↔ Chinese” are substantiated. Key words: interrogative communicative semantics, grammatically non-interrogative sentences, interrogation, official academic correspondence, translation, Ukrainian, English, Chinese.
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2

., Lindawati. "Indonesian Interrogative Sentences: a Study of Forms and Functions." Jurnal Humaniora 28, no. 3 (February 25, 2017): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jh.v28i3.22289.

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This study examines Indonesian interrogative sentence problems by focusing on issues of forms and functions. The data used in this analysis are interrogative sentences in Indonesian language that are currently used in oral and in interethnic communication. This study used a pragmatic approach. Listening while observing (metode simak) is used at the stage of data collection. In the analysis phase, a structural analysis is used for the discussion of issues related to the form, and a contextual analysis method is used for the discussion of issues related to the function of interrogative sentence. The report was presented verbally. From the research, it can be formulated that interrogative sentences forming elements are either supra-segmental elements or segmental elements. Supra-segmental elements are intonation, and segmental elements are words, phrases, and particles. The elements were added to a clause to be the base of an interrogative sentence. Based on the response form provided by what the opponents said, interrogative sentences are grouped on the yes-no and information interrogative sentences. Yes-no interrogative sentences require an answer that contains a justification or denial of what is stated on the clause that is the basis for the formation of interrogative sentences. Information interrogative sentences require an answer in the form of explanation. In communications, interrogative sentences are uttered not only to ask something, but they are also used to express a variety of speech act. Speech act that can be expressed by the interrogative sentences of Indonesian language are representative, directive, commissive, and expressive. Interrogative sentences are sometimes used in order to speak indirectly (indirect speech) to maintain politeness or otherwise stated expressive rudely.
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3

Kparou, Hanoukoume Cyril. "Étude comparée des interrogateurs en lama et en français." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 26 (September 30, 2018): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n26p332.

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Interrogation is a Language Universal (LU), i.e., it exists in all natural languages. However, every language has undeniable particularities. Lama3 and French4, two languages from different language families, are a good illustration of these realities. A comparative study of interrogatives of both languages shows many similarities as well as dissimilarities. This article is aimed at presenting a comparative typology of interrogative markers and constructions in Lama and French. It consists of a morphosyntactic analysis of the interrogative markers and their different functions implied in the construction of interrogative sentences. French uses an interrogative copula est-ce que and the verbal inversion to form total interrogation, while Lama makes use of postpositional morphemes to formulate fundamental interrogation. Both languages form partial interrogation with adverbial and relative markers, but Lama goes further with the use of noun class interrogative markers. This study contributes to establish language universals and particularities in both languages at formal and functional levels.
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4

Rustam Arifjanov, Tarlan. "Interrogative sentences in modern Russian." SCIENTIFIC WORK 62, no. 01 (February 8, 2021): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/62/50-52.

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The article deals with the interroqative sentences in russian language. The article describles struktural types and qrammatical schems of interroqative sentences in Russian language. The types interroqative sentences are enumerated and their structural, functional description are analyzed in this article. Key words: interroqative sentence, rhetorical question, expression method, qrammatical form
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5

AGBARA, Clara Unoalegie Bola. "The Implicitness of some Interrogative Sentences in Legislative Debates." Nile Journal of English Studies 1, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20321/nilejes.v1i1.37.

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Linguists have identified three major sentence types namely; declaratives, imperatives and interrogatives, which feature in most communication situations, whether formal or non-formal. These sentences which perform specific communicative functions, such as giving out information, giving out command/order, and requesting for information, have unique structures respectively. These functions are sometimes, manipulated to meet speakers’ situational intentions. Legislative discourse is characterized by participants who are of opposing views and yet, need to arrive at a collective decision. Arriving at a collective decision requires convincing information which will assist the participants in decision making. In the bid to provide information as well as to influence co-participants, most speakers punctuate their utterances with interrogative sentences. This paper focuses on the pragmatic functions of some non-verbal response interrogatives in legislative discourse. Using Searle’s Speech Act Theory as well as insights from literature on grammar, this paper sets out to describe the illocutionary acts performed with some interrogative sentences in legislative debates. The data used for the research are taken from the Senate Hansards of the sixth National Assembly. It was discovered that most non-verbal response interrogative sentences (rhetorical questions) are used to perform three illocutionary acts of representative, directive and expressive acts in legislative debates. The paper concludes that rhetorical sentences are important persuasive tools which influence the emotional and reasoning capacities of participants in arriving at a collective decision in legislative debates. They also have the pragmatic force of emphasis, regrets, objections and appeal.
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6

Muzakki, Kholid Akhmad, Ahmad Rizza Firdaus, and Annisa’ Fatmayanti. "Tindak Tutur Tak Langsung Dalam Surat Al-Kahfi (Kajian Analisis Pragmatik)." Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 1, no. 1 (August 16, 2018): 96–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v1i1.44.

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Sentences by mode can be divided into three: sentence (declarative), interrogative, and command (imperative) sentences. Conventionally, declarative sentences are used if the speaker wants to declare or convey information to his or her opponent. Interrogative sentence is the sentence used if the speaker wants to get the information, the reaction or the expected answer. As for the imperative sentence, is if the speaker wants to enjoin or forbid his opponent to do something. But in pragmatic studies, there are times when the sentence is used non-conventionally. Declarative sentences, in addition to functioning to deliver the news, also enabled to ask; interrogative sentences other than enabled to ask is also enabled for the request or command. Meanwhile, the command line can only be used conventionally, and can not be used non-conventionally. When all three sentences are conventionally functioned, the speech is called direct speech act, whereas when used in a non-conventional way, it is called indirect speech act. The use of sentences indirectly has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. A command that explanation by using the sentence news or sentence, will be felt by the opponent said lighter, even for the opponent said the command on him is not perceived as a command. In the Qur'an there are many unusually functional sentences, indicating that the Qur'an is a holy book that strongly upholds language-based pride. One of them is Surah Al-Kahfi. In the Surah Al-Kahfi, found some verses which are indirect speech. In Surah Al-Kahfi, the forms of indirect speech are as follows. First, Declarative texts mean imperative is found in verse 16, 45, 52, 60 and 78. Second, Interrogative texts mean imperative is found in verse 6, 9 and 50. Third, Interrogative texts mean declarative is found in verses 15, 37, 57, 68, 75, 102 and 103.
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7

Polii, Intama Jemy. "System of Question Sentence in Tontemboan Language." ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities 4, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34050/elsjish.v4i1.13382.

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This study aims to describe the question system sentence of Tontemboan language based on its form, propositional function, and the meaning it refers to. This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive design. Based on the results of the research, the form of question sentences in the Tontemboan language can be classified into three types, namely (1) interrogative sentences marked by the use of interrogative words: sapa, sei, kawisya, ambisya, pira, kitu, and kensya, (2) question sentences marked by the use of interrogative intonation, and (3) interrogative sentences marked by the use of question particles re'en and wei. Based on the proposition, Indonesian language question sentences are categorized into: (1) WH-question questions, (2) yes-no questions, and (3) questions commonly called alternatives. The function of the Tontemboan language question sentence, according to the meaning, referred to varied dependence on the form of the question used, question word, intonation, and question particle.
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8

Sy, Evha Nazalatus Sa'adiyah, Devie Reztia A, and Devie Reztia A. "A SYNTACTICAL ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SENTENCES IN KEMBHANG BABUR." Premise: Journal of English Education 8, no. 2 (October 20, 2019): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/pj.v8i2.2112.

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Syntax is the study of the principles and processes by which sentence that it is constructed in particular language. Whereas that every language in the world certainly has different structure. This research aim to answer: (1) What are kinds of simple sentence found in Kembhang Babur books? (2) What are the differences between English and Madurese in simple sentences? This research is a descriptive qualitative research, descriptively describing the syntactic structures of simple sentences in Kembhang Babur book. The writer followed the rule of the qualitative which the data describe in words as the basis of interpreting data. Words are of utmost importance to qualitative researchers. There are three kinds of simple sentences found in Kembhang Babur book could be classified into: (a) Affirmative sentences, (b) Negative sentences (c) Interrogative sentences. The differences in English sentence is; if this affirmative sentence Aux there is after NP, but in the interrogative sentence Aux there is before NP and there is auxiliary “do/does” as interrogative verb. In Madurese sentence is marked by the addition of the word “apah” which is put before NP. “Apah” is as question word in Madurese, not as an auxiliary.
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9

MOON, Chang-Hak. "A Comparative Study on Speculation Forms of Interrogative Sentences in Korean and Japanese." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 9, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.9.2.71-85.

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This article reveals the interrogative aspect of speculation forms in Japanese and Korean, including the characteristics of -keyss-nya in Korean and darooka in Japanese. -keyss-nya and darooka by definition indicate meanings of both “speculation” and “interrogation”, and thus it is anticipated that the semantic characteristics of these forms will not differ significantly. However, one perceives many differences when examining the semantic characteristics of both. First, a characteristic of -keyss-nya is its <listener-oriented interrogative sentences> with strong communicativity, whereas a characteristic of darooka is its <speaker-oriented interrogative sentences> with weak communicativity. Second, based on this characteristic of <listener-oriented interrogative sentences>, -keyss-nya is not made into “question usage that does not solicit an answer” or “exclamation usage,” but it may be made into “strong rhetorical questions.” Meanwhile, based on the characteristic of <speaker-oriented interrogative questions> with weak communicativity, darooka may be derived into “question usage that does not solicit an answer”, “exclamation usage”, and “weak rhetorical interrogative sentences.” As stated above, different semantic meanings of -keyss-nya and darooka result from semantic differences between -keyss- and daroo. The -keyss- meaning of “completion of judgement formation” is reflected in -keyss-nya’s characteristics of <listener-oriented interrogative sentences>, and daroo’s meaning of the “judgement formation process” is reflected in darooka’s characteristics of <speaker-oriented interrogative sentences>.
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10

Muzakki, Kholid Akhmad. "(كلام غير مباشر في سورة الكهف (دراسة تحليلية تداولية Tindak Tutur Tidak Langsung Dalam Surat Al-Kahfi (Kajian Analisis Pragmatik)." Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 1, no. 1 (July 22, 2018): 80–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/nazhruna.v1i1.125.

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Sentences by mode can be divided into three: sentence (declarative), interrogative, and command (imperative) sentences. Conventionally, declarative sentences are used if the speaker wants to declare or convey information to his or her opponent. Interrogative sentence is the sentence used if the speaker wants to get the information, the reaction or the expected answer. As for the imperative sentence, is if the speaker wants to enjoin or forbid his opponent to do something. But in pragmatic studies, there are times when the sentence is used non-conventionally. Declarative sentences, in addition to functioning to deliver the news, also enabled to ask; interrogative sentences other than enabled to ask is also enabled for the request or command. Meanwhile, the command line can only be used conventionally, and can not be used non-conventionally. When all three sentences are conventionally functioned, the speech is called direct speech act, whereas when used in a non-conventional way, it is called indirect speech act. The use of sentences indirectly has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. A command that explanation by using the sentence news or sentence, will be felt by the opponent said lighter, even for the opponent said the command on him is not perceived as a command. In the Qur'an there are many unusually functional sentences, indicating that the Qur'an is a holy book that strongly upholds language-based pride. One of them is surah Al-Kahfi. In the surah Al-Kahfi, found some verses which are indirect speech. In Surah Al-Kahfi, the forms of indirect speech are as follows. First, Declarative texts mean imperative is found in the verse 16, 45, 52, 60 and 78. Second, Interrogative texts mean imperative is found in the verse 6, 9 and 50. Third, Interrogative texts mean declarative is found in the verses 15, 37, 57, 68, 75, 102 and 103.
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11

Saragi, Sendy Fernando, Meysi Tamba, Yosa Delvina, and Resperdiana Purba. "STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN IDENTIFYING INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES THROUGH CONVERSATION TEXT." ELT (English Language Teaching Prima Journal) 2, no. 2 (June 11, 2021): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.34012/eltp.v2i2.1746.

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ABSTRACT The research is entitled an analysis of student's ability in identifying interrogative sentences through conversation text in SMK PendidikanSiapMandiri. The purpose of the research is to analyze data in detail to see how far the students' understanding of using interrogative sentences in conversational texts was. In order, it will produce the right of fixed data. This method of research uses conversation text. By using qualitative data, collecting data in using a written test by doing two tests. The results showed that on the first test only a few students get a score of 75, it is estimated that only 30% of students got the score criteria. However, in the second test, the researcher gives another explanation to the students to better understand how to identify interrogative sentences. And the result is that the student's ability has increased by 50%, many students have successfully met the score criteria, namely at least 75. So, the result of the research shows that the analysis of students' ability in identifying interrogative sentences is still lacking. Therefore, the conclusion is they can improve their abilities even better by learning more about an interrogative sentence. Keywords: Conversation text, Interrogative Sentences, Writing.
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12

Shengelia, Eter, and Natia Poniava. "Intonation of Interrogative Sentences in Zan (Megrelian-Laz) Language." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION VII, no. 2 (December 29, 2019): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22333/ijme.2019.14004.

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In the article, we discuss the intonation of interrogative sentences in Zan. Studying this topic has great importance not only with respect to a linguistic standpoint, but also with reference to teaching the Megrelian-Laz language. Empirical materials have been obtained from respondents of different age, sex and social status and analyzed by using Praat. In Megrelian-Laz like other many languages we have wh-questions, yes/noquestions, tag questions and echo-questions. The material analysis has shown that Megrelian-Laz interrogative sentences have the stress on the subject or on the verb; Mostly sentences with question word have rising intonation at the end; negative and positive question tags have rising intonation contour as well as echo questions on the interrogative particle. In Laz spread in Georgia interrogative sentences formed without suffix -i and a question is expressed only by intonation.
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13

Handayani, Magpika, and Yovita Angelina. "Analysis on Students’ Interrogative Sentence Error at SMA Negeri 2 Samalantan Bengkayang Regency." JETL (Journal Of Education, Teaching and Learning) 4, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v4i1.701.

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This study aims at identifying the form of questions used by students of SMA Negeri 2 Samalantan Bengkayang Regency, sees errors done by students and describes students' understanding of English interrogative sentence patterns. The location of the research was conducted at SMA Negeri 2 Samalantan Bengkayang Regency because this school is one of the schools that implement the mandatory system of using English in English subjects. In fulfilling these obligations, students often find difficulty in asking in English. The study of interrogative sentences in the students of SMA Negeri 2 Samalantan Bengkayang Regency is a way to solve the problems of students in making interrogative sentences so that learning English activities become easier and students can ask each other questions with correct questions sentence pattern. The method used in this study is describing students' understanding of the interrogative sentences obtained through a list of questions in the form of translation and interviews to determine the form of errors in making questions. The data obtained is then analyzed to obtain the results of research on the difficulties faced by students in understanding the interrogative sentences. The results of this study show the most dominant error in the sentence Yes/No verbs, then Wh-question noun, Wh-type verb type, and the type of sentence Yes/No question nouns. The interview result shows the answers given by the students are consistent with the written answers.
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14

Ignateva, Tatiana. "On the structural and semantic peculiarities of interrogative sentences with negation in English and Chuvash languages." Филология: научные исследования, no. 7 (July 2020): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2020.7.31542.

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This article represents a comparative study of structural and semantic peculiarities of interrogative sentences with negation in modern languages. The solution of the problem of interrelation and mutual influence of the categories of interrogation and negation in non-cognate languages is of undeniable interest. The relevance of this work is defined by insufficient research on the topic of interrogation and negation in the sentences from comparative perspective, namely with Chuvash language. The goal consists in determining the meaning of negation in interrogative sentences and the impact of the means of negation in Chuvash language compared to English language. The language of English and Chuvash fiction literature served as the main factual material for this study. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that based on the example of sentences with negation, the authors demonstrate that the structural and semantic peculiarities of such sentences are not specific to the English language, but rather common to many languages, including Chuvash; there are nuances that depend on the history of development and structure of a particular language. The results acquired from comparative analysis of the structure and semantics of interrogative sentences with negation in non-cognate languages provide the necessary material for future elaboration of the problems of speech culture and literary translation.
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15

Luana Ardalia, Lintang, and Mimas Ardhianti. "PEMEROLEHAN KALIMAT BAHASA INDONESIA PADA ANAK USIA 3 TAHUN DI KB YAA BUNAYYA SURABAYA." Buana Bastra 6, no. 1 (May 5, 2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/bastra.vol6.no1.a3597.

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The acquisition of Indonesian sentence on 3 years old children tend to be very simplethat describes the mindset, behavior, and personality to tell the events that happened thoughsometimes still not right and not yet become a complete sentence. The purpose of this study isto know and describe the acquisition of sentences in children aged 3 years in KB YaaBunayya Surabaya. In the form of declarative sentences, interrogative imperatives, andsentence solicitation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative researchmethod. technique of data collection using conversation involve gathering technique,recording technique, and record technique. The analytical techniques used are transcript thedata, recording, classifying, and retell. The result of this research is the acquisition ofdeclarative sentence of 3 years old child there are four kinds. In addition to the declarativesentence, there are also 3 interrogative sentences that are interrogative sentences thatrequire the recognition of "yes" or "no" answers, about a thing. Both types of interrogativesentences that ask for answers are 'reasons', and the third Sentence type that asks forinformation. Found 2 more sentences namely sentence invitation and imperative sentence.Conclusions and suggestions are given so that this research is useful for the readers,especially for the development and improvement of the development of learning methods forchild 3 years old for more re-interaction and productive in the use of good and correctIndonesian.
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Suleymanov, Samid. "Role of interrogative sentences in teaching foreign language." Scientific Bulletin 2 (2020): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54414/agvj1368.

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The structure of interrogative sentences, the ways and methods of teaching them and gained experiences are touched upon in this article. Only some types of interrogative sentences are addressed to in this article. The characteristic features of interrogative sentences are demonstrated here. Communicative character of interrogative sentences possesses wide range opportunities in teaching and learning languages. The relation between theory and experience is given in this article. Dynamics plays an important role in the intercourse of people. Therefore, the role of interrogative sentences is of great importance from this point of view.
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17

Duan, Yuquan. "Conjunction wja1 in Tangut Language." Journal of Chinese Writing Systems 3, no. 1 (November 15, 2018): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2513850218796081.

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Tangut wja1 is considered as a verb, a noun or a pronoun, which is ambiguous in current dictionaries. This paper makes it clear that wja1 is a conjunction in grammatical words of the Tangut language, and can be used to translate the conjunction na in Tibetan language. This conjunction usually occurs at the end of a former clause in a compound sentence, and expresses progressive, hypothetical, conditional and sequenced relations with the latter clause. Moreover, the latter clause is usually an interrogative sentence, in which there are mostly rhetorical questions in the progressive relation complex sentences, while it can be rhetorical questions or general questions in other complex sentences. However, there are some individual exceptions without using interrogative sentences.
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18

Solihati, Tri Agustini, and Lystiana Nurhayat Hakim. "DEVELOPING MAGIC ROUND TO TEACH INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES." English Review: Journal of English Education 8, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v8i1.2030.

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Vocabulary mastery and sentence structure are often considered to be the most challenging things in mastering English. Besides, both teacher and students are often bored on how they are explained and understood. Thus, keeping students� motivation in learning vocabulary and sentence structure needs more effort as it should be more than just teachers� attendance and explanation. Choosing a proper teaching media can be one of the solutions. This research aims to produce Magic Round as one of the choices for teaching interrogative sentences. It was developed through Research and Development (R&D) by implementing several steps, including preliminary studies, research planning, product design, product validation, product trial, and producing final product. Validity was assessed by both technological and material experts. Those reached 90% and 92%. The usefulness and feasibility were taken by the user and observer. Those gained 91% and 91%. In conclusion, this media is quiet appropriate to be used in teaching English interrogative sentences.
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AZEEZ, HUDA HUSSEIN, and Bushra Taher Ali. "Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu’nun “Hep O Şarkı” Adlı Romanında Soru Cümleleri." Al-Adab Journal, no. 133 (June 15, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v0i133.750.

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The purpose of the abstract: The Interrogative sentences are one of the more using sentences in the Turkish language & normal life in the Turkish society. For the reason, the basic purpose of this abstract; is the Interrogative study by its meaning and its linguistic structure. Upon y study, I focused on the interrogative sentences in a novel of (Jacob Qadri Kara Osman Oglu) under the title of (All This Song), I have selected this study because the author is one of novel name in the Turkish literature and also has been mentioned interrogative sentences largely for this novel. In Introduction or Preface, we mentioned to the meaning of interrogative sentences & its structure and we have dealt with value sources in the field of Turkish language for the Turkish linguists that they searched in the interrogative sentences generally.
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Abdel-Hafiz, Ahmed Sokarno. "Question formation strategies in Kunuz Nubian." Technium Social Sciences Journal 11 (August 17, 2020): 529–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v11i1.1452.

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This is an analytical and descriptive study that is based on a general theoretical framework which can be characterized as “basic linguistic theory”. It aims to study Kunuz Nubian interrogative pronouns and question markers. Previous studies failed to pay adequate attention to these features. It is an attempt to characterize the strategies used in question formation and to identify the question markers. I argue that the question markers in this Nubian dialect fall into three sets: (a) the set of question markers -yaa, -naa, and -waa are used with sentences (non-copular construction) involving the neural marker -r-. (b) the set of questions markers that are used if the neural marker –r- is in a copular construction: -yaa, -re, -waa. (c) another set of question markers are attached to a declarative sentence in which the verb or copular verb is accompanied with the past tense morpheme. The study has also provided a list of interrogative pronouns that can occur with or without the question markers. Moreover, it has been shown that both compound and complex sentences are turned into interrogatives via the same question strategies used in simple sentences.
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Malikova, Julia M. "Intonation structure of interrogative sentences." Yugra State University Bulletin 12, no. 1 (April 15, 2016): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/byusu2016121101-104.

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This article seeks to examine the intonation in the concretetion interrogative sentence - s . We consider their main function in pronunciation . And just as expressive and emotionalness affects the intonation in speech.
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Firdaus, Ahmad Riza. "al-Kalam Ghairu al-Mubasyir fi Surah al-Anbiya’." International Journal of Arabic Language Teaching 1, no. 02 (December 1, 2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/ijalt.v1i02.1788.

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Declarative sentences, in addition to being used to convey news, are also functioned to ask questions; Interrogative sentences are not only used for asking questions but also for requests or orders. Meanwhile, the command sentence can only be used conventionally, and cannot be used unconventionally. If the three sentences are used conventionally, the speech is called a direct speech act, whereas if it is used unconventionally, it is called an indirect speech act. The use of indirect sentences has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. An order that is told by using a news sentence or question sentence will be perceived by the interlocutor as lighter, even for the interlocutor the command to himself is not felt as an order. In the Alquran there are many sentences that are used unconventionally, which shows that the Alquran is a holy book that upholds the politeness of language. One of them is surah al-Anbiya’. In the surah al-Anbiya’, several verses which are indirect speech are found. In the surah al-Anbiya’ the forms of indirect speech are as follows; Four declarative utterances with imperative meanings are in verses 39, 41, 45, and 47. Seventeen interrogative utterances have declarative meaning in verses 3, 6, 10, 21, 24, 30, 34, 36, 42, 43, 44, 50, 52, 55, 59, 66, and 67. Three meaningful interrogative speeches are found in verses 38, 80, and 108.
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Yokoyama, Akiko. "The interrogative intonation in the Kunigami dialect of Okinoerabu, Ryukyu." Journal of Japanese Linguistics 37, no. 2 (October 7, 2021): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jjl-2021-2043.

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Abstract Cross-linguistically, intonation patterns for yes/no questions rise in many languages. However, there are multiple reports of interrogative sentences with falling intonation in Japanese dialects. It is said that five types of interrogative intonation exist in Japanese dialects: rising, where the end of the sentence always rises; falling 1, where the end of the sentence always falls; falling 2, where the interrogative appears morphologically in the sentence, and the sentence falls; complement, where tone in the sentence falls if the interrogative morphologically appears and rises if it does not; and gradual rise, where the tone gradually rises until the end of the sentence. However, the Kunigami dialect does not adhere to these patterns. In Kunigami yes/no questions, the tone falls if an interrogative morphologically appears but reveals a distinctive intonation from a declarative sentence if it does not. Therefore, in the case of Kunigami, the interrogative intonation typology should not be reconstructed on the basis of absolute rise or fall but on the basis of contrast with a declarative sentence.
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Sari, Ihram. "TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF ANTARA DOSEN DAN NAHASISWA DALAM PERKULIAHAN MATA KULIAH BAHASA INDONESIA DI UMI." Multilingual 18, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/multilingual.v18i2.107.

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The writer is interested in examining directive discourse between lecture and studentsin indonesian learning process as general subject in indonesia muslim university. The problem statement of this research is how the politeness forms from lecturer to students, students to lecturer, and students to students in Indonesian Language Subject at Universitas Muslim Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of politeness in the interaction of lecturers to students, students to lecturers, and students to students. This study focused on lecturers who teach general Indonesian language subject at the Faculty of Letters and first semester students, especially those who program general subject in Indonesian. The collected data will be analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. Based on the results of the research found, forms of language politeness in the interaction of lecturers to students in the form of declarative sentences,namely obeying the maxim of wisdom, praise, and agreement; interrogative sentences, namely obeying the maxim of wisdom; imperative sentence, namely obeying the maxim of wisdom; the exclamation sentence, namely obeying the maxim of wisdom; and language politeness in the interaction of students to lecturers in the form of declarative sentences, namely obeying the maxim of generosity and agreement; interrogative sentences, namely obeying the maxim of generosity; the exclamation sentence, namely obeying the maxim of wisdom; and the form of politeness in the interaction of students to students in the form of declarative sentences, namely the maxim of wisdom, generosity, agreement and sympathy; interrogative sentences, namely the maxim of wisdom and sympathy; imperative sentence, namely the maxim of wisdom; exclamation sentence, namely the maxim of wisdom. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the use of politeness in the formal setting is very useful for people's lives, including in the education side.
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25

Fischer, Markus. "Zweifelsfall: zweifeln im Deutschen." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 30 (January 1, 2003): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.30.2003.179.

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Two main types of sentences are traditionally distinguished in the context of semantic theories of questions and answers: declarative sentences, corresponding to statements, and interrogative sentences, corresponding to questions. The interrogative forms can be further subdivided into dialectical ones (yes-no-questions) and non-dialectical ones (constituent questions). These distinctions are made for both root and embedded sentences. The predicates that select sentential complements fall into three classes: predicates that license only declaratives, those that allow only for interrogatives, and those that embed both types of sentences. In this connection, verbs of doubt are interesting in that they allow for declaratives as well as dialectical interrogatives, while non-dialectical interrogatives do not seem to be appropriate complements. In what follows, our main concern will be with the German verb of doubt zweifeln and its possible sentential complements. Speaker intuitions as to which constructions are grammatical or acceptable vary, particularily with respect to rare expressions like zweifeln. Therefore, interviews and corpus analysis were applied as a means to acquire reliable linguistic data. These as well as data from historical sources and from some languages other than German (esp. English and Italian) are presented and analysed. In the last section, based on the notion of ‘subjective probability’, an attempt is made at explaining the observations.
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26

Ban, Mabao, Zhijie Cai, Rangzhuoma Cai, and Rangjia Cai. "Tibetan interrogative sentence recognition and classification based on phrase features." MATEC Web of Conferences 336 (2021): 06017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133606017.

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The recognition of Tibetan interrogative sentences is a basic work in natural language processing, which has a wide application value in terms of Tibetan syntactic analysis, semantic analysis, intelligent question answering, search engine and other research fields. Employing interrogative pronouns as a entry point to analyze the phrase features before and after interrogative pronouns, the paper proposes a method for Tibetan interrogative sentence recognition and classification based on phrase features by designing a Tibetan interrogative sentence recognition and classification model based on phrase features. Experimental results show that the recognition accuracy, recall rate and F value of this method are 98.21%, 100.00% and 99.10% respectively, and the average classification accuracy, recall rate and F value are 96.98%, 100.00% and 98.39%, respectively.
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27

Shafira, Diana Adinda, Rabbayani Mawaddah, Lidya Br Aritonang, Elianti Nainggolan, and Natalia Widya Pasca Tarigan. "an Analysis of Students’ Error in Constructing the Negative and Interrogative Sentence by Using Simple Present Tense." Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal 3, no. 2 (February 17, 2020): 296–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/leea.v3i2.1004.

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This research aims to find out the errors made by the students in constructing the negative and interrogative sentences by using the simple present tense. Those errors were classified into four types, namely omission, addition, misformation, and misordering based on surface strategy taxonomy from Daulay. The researchers used a descriptive qualitative method to find the result. The subject of this research was the VIII-A class of SMP Negeri 40 Medan that consisted of 30 students. The instrument for gathering the data was the essay test, which included 20 affirmative sentences, which asked to form those sentences into the negative and interrogative sentences. The findings indicated that the students' errors in this study were 318 (50,4%) case of mistakes on misformation; 175 (27,8%) case of errors on addition; 100 (15,9%) case of errors on misordering; and 37 (5,9%) case of errors on omission. It can be concluded that misformation in the most frequent errors, while failure is the rarest error in this research. Keywords: error analysis, constructing negative and interrogative sentence
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28

Mkhitaryan, Yelena, and Sona Sargissyan. "Alternative Questions in English." Armenian Folia Anglistika 6, no. 1-2 (7) (October 15, 2010): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2010.6.1-2.030.

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Alternative questions in English, as well as other interrogative sentences, can fulfil functions of direct and indirect speech acts expressing various pragmatic meanings (advice, threat, resentment, etc.). From the point of view of the form and structure, such interrogative sentences can be different in nature. In certain cases interrogative sentences with the conjunction or do not possess an alternative meaning.
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29

Hayani, Fadhila, Siti Aisyah Ginting, and Rahmad Husein. "ACQUISITION OF SENTENCES BY A THREE-YEAR-OLD INDONESIAN BOY: A CASE STUDY ON M. GENTAMAS RANSI ALDEN." LINGUISTIK TERAPAN 18, no. 3 (January 1, 2022): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/lt.v18i3.31393.

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This study was investigated about the acquisition of sentences by three-year-old Indonesian boy, M. Gentamas Ransi Alden. The objective of this study were to investigated the sentences that produced by three years old Indonesia boy, and to explain the reason for the sentences produced based on mood in a case study on M. Gentamas Ransi Alden. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative research design. The data were utterances from a three years old Indonesia boy and source of data taken from M. Gentamas Ransi Alden. For the duration of almost three months, the researcher observed and recorded the subject’s produced sounds, words, and sentences. The researcher also observed how the learner interacts with various linguistics inputs to see how the subject processes them. Finally, the researcher also observed him as interacts with people to determine the levels of the various constructs of his communicative competence. The result of the data showed that the subject already acquired the sentences based on mood, they are: 1) declarative sentences, 2) imperative sentences, 3) exclamatory sentences, and 4) interrogative sentences. In acquiring the second language, the research subject acquired the sentence during the process of imitating from their parents since they start over to speak. The subject used a declarative sentence to declare their statements, the interrogative sentence they use it to ask about information of something, the exclamatory sentences they use to shows about the emotion and also to declare their statement, and the imperative sentences to ask another to do something. Keywords: Children Sentence Acquisition, Kinds of Sentences, a Three Year Old, Indonesian Boy
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30

Kleiber, Judit, and Gábor Alberti. "Compositional analysis of interrogative imperatives in Hungarian." Linguistics Beyond and Within (LingBaW) 3 (December 30, 2017): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/lingbaw.5654.

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The paper investigates utterances which combine imperative and interrogative elements in Hungarian. We intend to explore the scope of the hypothesis that the pragmatico-semantic content of mixed-type sentences can be obtained compositionally. We present four types of interrogative imperative. The imperative factor is indicated by subjunctive morphology on the verb. The interrogative character is represented by (1) rise-fall intonation which marks polar questions, (2) the discourse marker ugye expressing bias, (3) the particle vajon expressing self-reflection or hesitation, and (4) wavy intonation which indicates surprise. We claim that such sentences are primarily questions with their main function being ‘request for instruction’. For the analysis, we take a formal pragmatico-semantic point of view. Our goal is to demonstrate how these sentences can be analyzed compositionally within a belief–desire–intention frame. We apply the formal dynamic discourse- and mind-representation theory ReALIS. We have found that the pragmatico-semantic content (intensional profile) of each type can be constructed via using two formal operations: concatenation and pragmasemantic blending. The composition produces the required output, namely that the interrogation / bias / speculation / surprise which pertains to an eventuality in the case of a simple question, pertains to the “commanding” of this eventuality in the case of interrogative imperatives.
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31

Hayati, Amal. "Agriculture Students’ Ability to Write Past Tense at Taman Siswa University of Padang." Al-Ta lim Journal 24, no. 1 (February 25, 2017): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/jt.v24i1.259.

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The purpose of this research is to describe the third semester agriculture students’ ability to write simple sentences using simple past tense at Taman Siswa University Padang. This research was limited in three sentence forms; affirmative, negative and interrogative. Descriptive research was used in this study where the population was the third semester agriculture students at Taman Siswa University of Padang. The total number of the sample was 63 students. The finding showed that the ability of the third semester agriculture students of Taman Siswa University of Padang to write simple sentences using simple past tense was moderate. It could be seen that 70.97% students have moderate ability. In detail the percentages of each of form sentence were; 64.52% have moderate ability to write simple sentences in simple past tense of (verbal) affirmative, 74.20% have moderate ability to write simple sentences in simple past tense of (verbal) negative sentences, and 77.42% have moderate ability to write simple sentences in simple past tense of (verbal) interrogative sentences. Based on the research finding, it is suggested to the teachers to give more explanation about past tense and explain the usage of mechanics. The students are suggested to learn more about past tense and use mechanics correctly.
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32

Kahnamouei, T. Kh, and A. A. Hosseini. "Admirative Category with an Assessment of Possibility and Motivation in Russian and Persian Interrogative Sentences." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 23, no. 4 (January 9, 2022): 1096–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2021-23-4-1096-1103.

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In Russian and Persian, the category of indirect evidentiality points out to some unreliable source of information. The category of admirativity expresses unexpected and new information gained by the speaker. Such interrogative sentences convey combine admirativity with diff erent modal meanings. Foreign students of Russian often fi nd it hard to distinguish these meanings in Russian interrogative sentences. The authors compared Russian and Persian interrogative sentences and the linguistics tools that refl ect the admirative category with an assessment of modal meanings of possibility and motivation. This is the fi rst research of the category of admirativity in the Persian language and the fi rst publication on the comparison of Russian and Persian interrogative sentences, as well as on the relationship between admirativity and modal meanings in Russian and Persian interrogative sentences. The research objective was to perform a comparative analysis of admirativity in Russian and Persian interrogative sentences and to study the situations in which this meaning conveys the surprise of the speaker from the availability or lack of possibility to perform a certain action. In both languages, admirativity can accompany the feeling of motivation in the subject of the speech act. The findings can be useful in teaching Russian as a foreign language.
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33

Astuti, Sri Puji. "Analisis Fungsi Sintaksis Kata Apa dan Mana dalam Bahasa Indonesia." Nusa: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 12, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nusa.12.4.206-215.

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The characteristic of interrogative sentence, one of them is the presence of a question word of apa, mengapa, siapa and others. Apa and mana and its derivative forms are also often found in declarative sentences. In this paper, it is explained that it can fulfill syntactic functions of apa and mana and its derivative forms contained in sentences either interrogative sentences or declarative sentences. The data collection in this research is in the form of basic technique of tapping.This stage ends with an orthographic transcription in the form of recording on the data card systematically. In the data analysis was used the method of distribution namely the method of data analysis in the form of connection between phenomena in its particular language. The techniques used in this research were substitution, expansion and delisi techniques. Based on the results of the research, it is found that apa and mana and its derivative forms can fulfill the functions of S, V, O, complement, and Adverb. Expansion with kah does not change the function in sentence.
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34

Zubkova, Mariya, and Elena Kopylova. "The Structure of Interrogative Sentences with a Nominal Subject in the French Language in a Diachronic Aspect." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 3 (July 21, 2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2287-1505-v102.

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The article is focused on the study of interrogative sentences with a nominal subject in the French language in terms of structural criteria in a diachronic aspect. The purpose of this study is to reveal the features of the so-called complex inversion in interrogative sentences. Special attention is paid to terminological problems. Pronominal reprise is recognized by the authors as the most correct term for an interrogative construction with a nominal subject duplicated by a personal pronoun. The lack of uniformity in terminology indicates a multidimensional nature of the inversion phenomenon in the French language. For instance, in addition to interrogative sentences, it can be used in other contexts: in simple declarative sentences after certain adverbs, in subordinate clauses after some conjunctions, in exclamatory sentences, etc. The authors highlight and describe the characteristic features of interrogative sentences with a nominal subject in terms of diachrony. Pronominal reprise appears in interrogative constructions as early as in the 16th century, mainly in general questions, subsequently extending to special questions. In the 16th – 17th centuries, the subject did not regularly precede the verb; the same applied to interrogative words, which could be placed both to the left and to the right of the subject. In sentences with a nominal subject, reprise was not the only possible structural option. The following were also used: direct word order, construction question word + est-ce que, and simple inversion. The authors come to the conclusion that pronominal reprise had finally replaced simple inversion of the nominal subject in general questions in French by the end of the 17th century.
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35

Nuthihar, Rahmad, Tara Astika Bangun, and Wahdaniah Wahdaniah. "KALIMAT TANYA DALAM PERSIDANGAN DI PENGADILAN NEGERI BANDA ACEH." MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan 17, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/mm.v17i2.2138.

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This study examines the use of interrogative sentences in trials at the Banda Aceh District Court. The trial in principle is an activity to obtain and prove the information being tried. Therefore, the judge as the person in charge of examining and adjudicating cases uses question sentences to obtain information as clearly as possible. The results of this study conclude that the types of question sentences contained in the trials at the Banda Aceh District Court are, partial sentences, total sentences, rhetorical sentences, and subtle sentences. Furthermore, the question sentence function is a representative and directive function.
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36

Dakwah Dinuro and Abdul Ghofur Maimoen. "ANALISIS TERJEMAH AYAT-AYAT ISTIFHĀM." AL ITQAN: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur'an 5, no. 2 (August 15, 2019): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47454/itqan.v5i2.712.

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Al-Qur`an is a medium of interaction between God and humans by using Arabic. This interaction uses a variety of sentences, including an interrogative sentence. The interrogative sentence does not only function to ask for information but is intended for other purposes according to the context of the narrative. People who do not speak Arabic, how to understand the interactions contained in the Qur'an depends on the translation into their language. This study examines the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affair’s translation of Istifhām verses with a focus on surah al-Baqarahjuz 1. The method used in this study is descriptive-analysis method witha translation theory for Istifhām verses or introgative sentences. This method is used to determine the consistency of the translation and the value represented in the translation. This study concludes that the translation is consistent in selecting equivalent words. Meanwhile, inconsistencies occur in the translation of the question word hamzah by thereason of more appropriate considered diction for the translation. Sometimes hamzah is translated using the question word "apakah (whether)", the particle "kah", "mengapa (why)", and "tidak (not)". In general, the 11 verses, the object of the author's study, are translated into the form of interrogative sentences. Keywords: Istifhām, translation, Al-Qur`an, tafsir
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37

Jazuli, Ahmad. "MODUS KALIMAT PERINTAH DAN LARANGAN DALAM “ASBAB WURUD AL-HADITS” KARYA IMAM SUYUTHI KAJIAN PRAGMATIK." Jurnal CMES 12, no. 1 (October 9, 2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/cmes.12.1.34870.

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This article aims to explain the commands and prohibitions of the prophet Muhammad in hadits by using Searle's speech act theory. The purpose of this study focused to describe the commands and prohibitions of the prophet Muhammad in seen from sentence mode. Results of this study indicate that there are several characteristics of the use of the phrase mode commands and prohibitions of the Prophet Muhammad such us declarative sentences mode with verb sentence form and noun sentence form; Imperative sentences mode with fi‘lul-amri form, ismu fi‘lil-amri form, dan la an-nahiyah form; and the interrogative sentences mode with using “َ ”أand “.”
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38

Vural Özcan, Ayşegül, and Gülmira Kuruoğlu. "PRODUCTION OF AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA." Psycholinguistics in a Modern World 16 (December 17, 2021): 332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/10.31470/2706-7904-2021-16-332-338.

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Language disorder is one of the most significant symptom domains which characterize Schizophrenia Disorder. The aim of the present study considering these language problems is to find out the number of the affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences on schizophrenia patients’ spontaneous speech and reveal whether their depression, doubts and sceptical behaviours affect their speech. Fifty patients with schizophrenia diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria were included into the study and compared to fifty healthy subjects matched for age, sex and education level with the patients participated in the study. The subjects’ speech was evaluated by using subject-based narration and free verbal narration tests. As a result of the statistical and linguistic analyses, significant differences were found between schizophrenic patients’ and healthy subjects’ speech in terms of between affirmative, negative and interrogative sentence use. The results indicate that the patients' excessive use of negative and interrogative sentences is related to their feature of attributing negatively to the events and emotions they experience.
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39

Liu, Liu. "Interrogative Sentences Recognition Based on the GRU Multiattentive Layer Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (March 29, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1354337.

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Understanding the question is the key point in the question answering system. Therefore, this paper designs a multi attention layer model, extracts some missing features from the storage module, and uses Gru unit to organize them reasonably. By using non-linear operations to combine the results of different attention layers, we can avoid extracting only the linear combination of memory modules. Effectively combine the process of problem understanding, including the classification of problem words, the vocabulary annotation of problem sentences, the identification of problem sentence patterns, the classification of problems and the identification of problem centers, the grammatical analysis of question sentences and the identification of question sentence patterns, so as to achieve problem understanding. Experimental results show that this method improves the accuracy of problem understanding.
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40

Kim, Natalya, and Dilshoda Rakhmonova. "The Question of a Reasonable Sentence Statement in Communication." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, no. 10 (October 2, 2021): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i10.3070.

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In Korean, sentence syntax is an important subject of research. It is often noted that sentences, depending on the purpose of the statement, can be in a narrative, interrogative and motivating exclamation form. The Korean sentence is characterized by grammatical constructions. This article discusses constructs that convey a cause. In addition, one of the most striking features of the intonation of a complex sentence in Korean is the presence of sharp distinctive endings of sentences and grammatical structures that form different meanings.
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41

Джан, Еда, and Куруоглу Гульміра. "Spontaneous Speech in Dementia." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-2-175-189.

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Introduction. Although memory impairment is the main symptom of Alzheimer Disease (AD), language impairment can be an important evidence, too. In many researches, it is stated that language is impaired in a different way in AD. Syntax, which is the sub-field of language are more preserved compared to the other fields. However, it is also known that syntactic features of AD patients can also be impaired in the moderate and severe stages of the illness. Another important thing that is important to differentiate the effects of illness is the onset. There are two subtypes of AD: early-onset (befor 65 years old) and late-onset (after 65 yaers old). Compared to late-onset, early onset Alzheimer’s Disease (EOAD) is often associated with atypical symptoms including language and visuospatial dysfunction. Thus, in this study it was aimed to analyse the spontaneous speech of EOAD patients via two language tests and compare it with an age/education-matched control. In this analysis, just the declarative and interrogative sentences were compared. The results show that the number of declarative and interrogative sentences used by the EOAD patients differs from the control people. EOAD patients used more affirmative and interrogative sentences in story-picture sequencing test and more negative sentences in subject-based narration test compared to the control group. However, control group used more negative sentences in story-picture sequencing test and more affirmative and interrogative sentences in subject-based narration test compared to the EOAD patients. Conclusions. The working memory is the ability to maintain and use information for a short period of time and due to the working memory deficits in EOAD patients, the use of sentence types differ from age/matched healthy people.
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42

Dea, Ellisa Ivana, I. Wayan Pastika, and Ni Putu N. Widarsini. "Analisis Kalimat Dalam Siniar Spotify Merry Riana Periode Oktober-November 2019." Stilistika : Journal of Indonesian Language and Literature 1, no. 1 (October 17, 2021): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/stil.2021.v01.i01.p06.

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The topic of this article is "Sentence analysis in Merry Riana's Spotify broadcast for the period October-November 2019". As the background of this study is that, in the 41 broadcast episodes chosen, Merry uses modern Indonesian, making it easier for the researchers to review when this analysis is carried out. Second, research on Merry Riana's spotify siniar with sentense structure has never been done. Third, this study may be motivating and increasing researchers' insight. In this study, two research questions were raised, namely what types of sentences are contained in Merry Riana's spotify podcast and how is the structure of the sentence function filler in Merry Riana's spotify podcast. The purpose of this study is to find out the types of sentences contained in Merry Riana's spotify podcast and to find out how the structure of the filler function is. Qualitative and quantitative descriptive study which is presented in the form of data excerpts containing sentences and table of data percentage. In the data collection method, observation supported by listening technique followed by note-taking techniques were applied. The results of this research data analysis are presented in formal and informal methods. The results of this study obtained eight types of sentences, namely single sentences, compound sentences, declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences, exclamative sentences, complete sentences, and incomplete sentences. In this study, it is also found 23 variations of syntactic functions consisting of seven variations of single sentences and 16 variations of compound sentences.
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43

Garje, G. V., Akshay Bansode, Suyog Gandhi, and Adita Kulkarni. "Marathi to English Sentence Translator for Simple Assertive and Interrogative Sentences." International Journal of Computer Applications 138, no. 5 (March 17, 2016): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2016908837.

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44

Kanafieva, Alya V. "Interrogative modifications of mononuclear and two-member sentences in modern Russian." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 1, no. 24 (2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2021-1-24-67-73.

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The purpose of the article is to define and characterize the paradigm of interrogative modifications of mononuclear and two-member sentences that have the function of an expressive message, which do not imply a verbally expressed answer. The article substantiates the convenience of their definition as rhetorical statements. Members of each paradigm are analyzed from the point of view of their structure and semantic features, considering not only the standard meanings of denial, affirmation and subjective reflection, but also modal and emotional-evaluative shades. The article points out the peculiarities of their intonation which is different from the intonation of an interrogative sentence; the specifics of the structure (the presence of reinterpreted interrogative-pronominal words (pronominal components) and interrogative particles, that represent rhetorical formants); a complex of subjective-modal meanings. These properties create the expressiveness of the analyzed models. We also draw attention to their phraseological character, though the degree of their impenetrability is not as high as that of the actual phraseological units. Taking into consideration the above aspects, we analyze the paradigm of interrogative modifications of some mononuclear and two-member sentences with a supporting component что, also included in the analytical predicative combinations что толку, что пользы, что нужды, etc. We note the specifics of modal-temporal meanings of interrogative modifications in comparison with typical structural models of mononuclear and two-member sentences, as well as a tendency towards generalization of these meanings. Standard predicate-modal meanings of inexpediency and unimportance are enriched with various emotional shades of subjective modality. Among the analyzed models, the article highlights evaluative ones with a predicate что (что такое) in two-member models and with analytical predicate forms: что хорошего (плохого, удивительного, странного, etc.).
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45

Hoseini, Amir Aliasghar, and Tabassom Khakrah Kahnamouei. "Infinitive Interrogative Sentences in Russian and Persian: Modal Meanings of Potentiality and Efficiency." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 11, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2020-11-3-585-595.

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The article is a study of infinitive interrogative sentences bearing meanings of potentiality and efficiency in Russian and the means to render those in Persian. Both for Russian and Persian, such interrogative syntactic constructions and the relevant range of meanings are typical. As is known, in Russian infinitive is a verbal form though in a sentence it can combine the noun-and-verb functions, while in Persian, infinitive functions as a noun. As a rule, so-called Russian indefinite verbal form reflects various subjective and objective modal meanings, in particular, those of potentiality and efficiency which differs in Persian rather to reflect modal meanings of desirability, possibility, necessity, the must, inevitability, doubt, motive, etc. In relevant contexts the combination of modal meanings of desirability and possibility forms the potentiality meaning which is expressed by various linguistic means to form sentences: intonation, lexical and grammatical units, semantical components; other contexts of using such linguistic means to combine modal meanings of desirability and motive reveal the meaning of efficiency. The meanings themselves are not characteristic of Persian infinitive primarily due to their grammatical properties and belong to nouns therefore in Persian the mentioned above meanings and senses could be reflected by other linguistic means as well. The task of the study is to tackle the question of what are the means and manner they might make linguistic analogy to transmit semantics of potentiality and efficiency in Persian, while they are expressed in Russian infinitive interrogative sentences and rhetorical questions.The article treats infinitive interrogative sentences and rhetorical questions with infinitive as a predicate to render the semantics of potentiality and efficiency on the drama texts by M.Yu. Lermontov and A.P. Chekhov and the epic novel by A.N. Tolstoy. In course of comparative study, the translations into Persian of those texts were involved to find out similarities and differences of linguistic means used to reflect and reveal the semantics of infinitive interrogative sentences.
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46

Khalid, Shofa Musthofa, Anwar Sanusi, Deni Maulana, Tatang Tatang, and Mohamad Zaka Al Farisi. "THE ANALYSIS OF SEMANTIC GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN VARIOUS ARABIC TRANSLATIONS." Arabi : Journal of Arabic Studies 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24865/ajas.v6i1.315.

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This study aimed to reveal the semantic grammatical errors in the translation of various Arabic sentences into Indonesian. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with a content analysis model. The data sources in this study were five different Arabic sentences translated by the teacher who taught the heritage book in Islamic boarding schools, namely: jumlah muṡbatah (positive sentences), jumlah manfiyah (negative sentences), jumlah istifhamiyah (interrogative sentences), jumlah syarṭiyah (conditional sentence), and jumlah al-qasam (sentence of oath). After analyzing and discussing the data obtained, the researcher found that there were 70% morphological errors in the translated text results consisting of 51% noun errors (isim) and 19% verb errors (fi'il). Additionally, the researcher found 76% syntactic errors from the translated text, consisting of 10% word errors, 9% phrase errors, 29% clause errors, and 28% sentence errors.
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47

Ganieva, R. R. "Syntactic Relations Reflected by Word Order in "The Catcher in the Rye" by J. D. Salinger and "Fates and Furies" by L. Groff." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 1078–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-4-1078-1085.

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The research features syntactic structure in the twentieth century "The Catcher in the Rye" by J. D. Salinger and the twenty first century "Fates and Furies" by L. Groff. The research objective was to study the nature of syntactic relations expressed by word order in speech of narrators and characters. The paper outlines the rules of word order in the English sentence and reviews related studies in the field of syntax. The author analyzed the syntactic structure of sentences in the speech of narrators and characters in the two novels. The analysis was based on the descriptive method and techniques of observation, interpretation, comparison, and generalization. There were numerous examples of omission of auxiliary verbs in interrogative sentences in characters' speech, as well as interrogative sentences with affirmative structure. In "The Catcher in the Rye", affirmative sentences obecame interrogative with the help of interjections eh and ah. Both novels contained sentences where adverbial modifiers, objects, or attributes preceded the main parts – in the narrators' speech. A lot of one-member and contextually incomplete sentences were used to describe events and personages in both novels. In "The Catcher in the Rye", the narrator's speech revealed few cases of violations of word order rules, mostly in sentences with direct word order. The characters' speech appeared to contain much more cases of word order violations, since the novel features colloquial speech of twentieth century American teenagers. The speech of adult personages was characterized by correct word order. In "Fates and Furies", the narrator's speech demonstrated a significant number of elliptical sentences where auxiliary verb to be was omitted in simple verbal predicate with the verb in Present Continuous, as well as in compound nominal predicate and in passive voice. A comparative study of syntactic structure contributed to a deeper understanding of the nature of syntactic relations reflected by word order in the English sentence, grammatical structure of the English language, and popular types of sentences. In addition, the study showed the way native speakers express their ideas and thoughts by linguistic means and violate linguistic norms. The results can be used in various grammar courses and compiling textbooks.
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Shutova, Marina Nikolaevna, Sergey Sergeevich Khromov, and Tatyana Vyacheslavovna Nesterova. "Teaching Russian Interrogative Intonation to Foreign Students." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 29 (May 18, 2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.29.05.6.

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The article deals with teaching Russian intonation of interrogative sentences to foreign students. Mastering this complex aspect of the Russian language causes great difficulties, and Russian intonation is not studied at the origin countries of foreign students. That is why we propose to study interrogative intonation based on variable rows developed by E.A. Bryzgunova. The rows enable students to improve the intonation structure of interrogative sentences, as well as their communication skills.
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49

Tsan-Hsiong, Wang. "Observations sur les particules na 那 et ye 也." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 30, no. 1 (February 27, 2001): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19606028-03001004.

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A diachronic analysis on interrogative sentences syntax in Chinese shows that na 那 and ye 也, two particles employed during the Pre-Modern period in interrogative sentences expressing an alternative are basically different, though they seem to play a similar role. The present paper also describes the interactions between these two particles.
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Riyatno, Riyatno. "Common Mistakes in Understanding Simple Present Tense and Present Continuous Tense Sentences: A Case Study at Non-English Department Students." Kresna Social Science and Humanities Research 1 (December 8, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30874/ksshr.21.

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The aim of the study was to analyze the common mistakes made by Non-English Department students in understanding Simple Present Tense and Present Continuous Tense sentences. The students who joint with the class were from Telecommunications Engineering Study Program, Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto in Academic Year 2018 – 2019. This study involved 3 classes that contained 89 students. They were given 5 positive sentences and they had to make those sentences into negative and interrogative sentences. They had to finish doing the test in 20 minutes. The study showed that the students had made the mistakes in negative and interrogative sentences. They did not use the auxiliary verbs do, does, and be appropriately. Besides, they made mistakes when the simple present tense sentences were preceded by subject he, she, or it. Furthermore, the use of present participial verbs was still commonly found in the simple present tense sentences so that the constructions became incorrect. For this reason, teaching grammar in non-English Department study program had to be designed in such a way that they students could understand how to make statement sentences into negative and interrogative ones correctly.
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