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Journal articles on the topic 'Interpretors'
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1
Einspruch, Burton E. "Articulating the Elephant Man: Joseph Merrick and His Interpretors." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 269, no. 10 (March 10, 1993): 1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1993.03500100114045.
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Liber-Kwiecińska, Katarzyna. "Tłumacz ustny w postępowaniu karnym." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 27, no. 4(54) (December 21, 2021): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.06.
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Interpreter in Criminal Proceeding
This article presents the role of an interpreter in criminal proceedings, Polish and international regulations governing the obligation to appoint an interpreter for criminal procedural activities, the problems of interpreters’ cooperation with justice authorities, and the results of a survey on the experiences of sworn interpreters who provide interpreting services to the Police, the prosecutor’s office, and the courts in criminal proceedings in the following aspects: ensuring safety in the course of the activities, expectations of foreigners and authorities’ representatives towards the interpreter, preparing the interpreter’s work station and ensuring appropriate working conditions, as well as agreeing upon an appropriate remuneration for interpreters. A total of fifty-five sworn interpreters who regularly provide interpreting services to justice authorities took part in the survey. Their task was to complete a questionnaire consisting of fourteen questions, half of which were closed single-choice questions and the rest were open-ended questions.
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Bozko-Cace, Margarita, and Lāsma Drozde. "COURT INTERPRETER IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS." Administrative and Criminal Justice 4, no. 85 (May 21, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/acj.v4i85.3669.
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Court interpreter plays a specific and important role, which is often underestimated in criminal proceedings. One of human rights’ aspects deals with ensuring a high-quality translation in order to make the procedure available for a person, who does not understand the proceedings language, ensure one’s rights and administer justice. The aim of the study is to find out the legal ground of court interpreter’s activity in criminal proceedings, to reveal and analyse related issues. In the article, the authors reveal topical issues linked to legal regulation concerning court interpreters and offer solutions. Namely, to ensure efficiency of court interpreter’s work, a judge should create as beneficial working conditions for an interpreter as possible, make breaks every 2 hours during court hearings, speakers (judges, prosecutors, lawyers, specialists, experts) should be trained in the field of public speech and how to work with an interpreter as well as court rooms should be ensured with modern interpreting equipment. In order to introduce single practice and deliver highquality translations in Latvian courts, there is a need in development of training and certification system for court interpreters and a special normative act regulating the legal activity of court interpreters, what would be a good basis for elaboration of court interpreters’ register.
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Zhan, Cheng. "Identity Construction of Government Staff Interpreters in China —A Corpus-based Study of Shifts in Political Interpreting." Education, Language and Sociology Research 1, no. 2 (October 18, 2020): p77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v1n2p77.
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This paper presents the findings of a corpus-based empirical study on the role of government staff interpreters in the political context of China. Based on a qualitative analysis of discourse documented in authentic encounters between top leaders of Guangdong Province and their foreign visitors in interpreter-facilitated communication, the paper attempts to question the long-held view that government staff interpreters serve as a neutral, transparent non-person. To provide perhaps a new perspective from which the interpreter’s role may be revisited, this paper looks at personal angle shifts in the interpretation done by six staff interpreters of Guangdong Foreign Affairs Office, including shifts between first person and third person angles, and second person and third person angles. With what corpus data reveal, the paper argues that the interpreter’s role as a mediator is conspicuous even in high-level political interpreting. Rather than a transparent non-person, the interpreter constructs and represents her identity as well as the identity of the institution she belongs to by discursive means, and therefore acts as an active party of communication.
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Stromberg, Wayne H., and Gerald L. Head. "Court Interpreter Training in the Language Laboratory." IALLT Journal of Language Learning Technologies 18, no. 2 (January 30, 2019): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/iallt.v18i2.9158.
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Demographic studies and statistics from state and federal courts indicate agrowing need for Spanish-English court interpreters with special training in consecutiveand simultaneous court interpretation. The authors conducted a survey of 466 ofCalifornia's Spanish-English court interpreters to determine what the Spanish-Englishcourt interpreter's strongest skills needs are. Survey results are reported in this article,and the five strongest skills training needs are identified. The authors indicate how thelanguage laboratory may efficiently be used to develop and enhance these five skillsand how it may best serve a court interpreter training program. Emphasis is onapplying the work of G.A. Miller and the training techniques of Robert Ingram toSpanish-English court interpreter training.
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Walczyński, Marcin. "POLISH-ENGLISH CERTIFIED INTERPRETERS IN PSYCHO-AFFECTIVELY CHALLENGING CONTEXTS." Current Trends in Translation Teaching and Learning E 8 (2021): 394–448. http://dx.doi.org/10.51287/cttle202112.
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The purpose of this article is to bring to light selected Polish-English certified interpreters’ working contexts which trigger the activation of those interpreters’ psycho-affectivity. In other words, this study aims at illuminating those occupational settings in which Polish-English certified interpreters working in Poland experience psycho-affective factors which – in turn – can affect adversely interpreting quality. The first part of the article presents the concept of the interpreter’s psycho-affectivity with its constituent elements – seven psycho-affective factors (i.e., anxiety, fear, language inhibition/language ego/language boundaries, extroversion/introversion/ambiversion, self-esteem, motivation and stress). What follows is an overview of the profile of a Polish-English certified interpreter by referring to some legal and practical issues inherent in this profession practised in Poland. The final section of this article is devoted to the analysis of several occupational contexts (i.e., courtroom, notary’s office, police station, hospital) in which the studied interpreters’ psycho-affectivity comes into play by affecting the interpreters and their interpreting performance. The data for the analysis were derived from factual, attitudinal and behavioural data collected during a qualitative psycho-affectivity-related study conducted among 76 Polish-English interpreters. Keywords: psycho-affective factors, interpreter’s psycho-affectivity, certified interpreters, occupational contexts of interpreting, consecutive interpreting
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Dubslaff, Friedel, and Bodil Martinsen. "Exploring untrained interpreters’ use of direct versus indirect speech." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 7, no. 2 (November 9, 2005): 211–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.7.2.05dub.
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This study examines the interrelations between the use of direct vs. indirect speech by primary participants and by dialogue interpreters by focusing on pronoun shifts and their interactional functions. The data consist of four simulated interpreter-mediated medical interviews based on the same scripted role play. The subjects were untrained Arabic interpreters working for a Danish agency. Two of the four interpreters favoured the direct style of interpreting. The other two favoured the indirect style. The findings show that all four interpreters tended to identify with the patient by personalizing the indefinite pronoun one when relaying from doctor to patient. All other pronoun shifts occurred in connection with interactional problems caused almost exclusively by the interpreters’ lack of knowledge about medical terminology — even though the terms used were in fact non-specialized ones. The study also indicates that primary parties’ shifts from direct to indirect address are closely related either to the form or to the content of the interpreter’s prior utterance. Finally, it emerges that repeated one-language talk, triggered by the interpreter’s problems with medical terminology, can override the quasi-directness of communication between primary participants, which is connected with interpreting in the first person.
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Thomson, Paula, E. B. Keehn, and Thomas P. Gumpel. "Generators and Interpretors in a Performing Arts Population: Dissociation, Trauma, Fantasy Proneness, and Affective States." Creativity Research Journal 21, no. 1 (February 4, 2009): 72–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10400410802633533.
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Knap-Dlouhá, Pavlína. "De rol van sociaal tolk in de maatschappij." Neerlandica Wratislaviensia 29 (April 15, 2020): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0860-0716.29.14.
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In this article, the question of different roles that community interpreters play in the context of interpreted interactions is addressed, or rather how these roles are perceived. The fact that interpreters function as mediators of pronouncements from one language to another (and vice versa) is apparent from the nature of the interpretation process itself. However, frequent studies by contemporary researchers in this field show that the role of community interpreter is clearly different from that of conference interpreter; the role of the community interpreter, as seen by several authors, often goes beyond the mediation of the language transfer of necessary information, and the interpreter is often even considered responsible for the coordination of a particular conversation between participants of interpreted communication: the community interpreter determines who is speaking and who is listening; explains to the participants what the other party mean; signals this; and explains why a certain interpreted communication was not understood by one of the parties. The specific cultural position of the interpreter can sometimes also be the reason why the interpreter “leaves his mediating role”. Interpreters always operate between two worlds which are different at different levels and which it is precisely the interpreter’s job to connect through the language transfer of communications. In the case of community interpreters, we often have to deal with striking differences in norms and values. Does the interpreter have to inform the participants of the interaction about these differences or not? Doesn’t he go too far if he actively intervenes in conflict situations in an interpreted dialogue, because the other participant doesn’t have the necessary knowledge about the cultural traditions and customs of the other party? Can we expect the interpreter to inform his client, who does not speak the language of the country in question, of his rights as soon as he notices that the other party does not respect them?
The article discusses various insights into the role played by community interpreters. We start from the hypothesis that the perception of the role of the community interpreter will be highly dependent not only on different conceptual representations of individual authors but will also be differently anchored in different countries and cultures.
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Horváth, Ildikó. "What does sport psychology have to offer interpreting?" Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 63, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 230–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.63.2.05hor.
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Abstract Sports psychology has a great deal of potential for interpreting and interpreter training, as stress seems to be one of the major psychological factors influencing an interpreter’s professional behaviour. A competitive sports situation is similar to an interpreting assignment, as both are characterized by the need of the performers, the athlete or the interpreter to achieve. They cannot escape from the situation, and they need to achieve what they have undertaken to do. Their performance on the day depends on external and internal factors that they need to control efficiently. Stress is and has for some time been a widely-researched topic in interpreting studies, as it seems to be a fact of life for interpreters. Stress research in interpreting has, however, focused mainly on the external factors influencing an interpreter’s performance. This paper presents an outline of sports psychology and reviews the literature on the psychology of stress. It then presents research conducted on stress in the context of interpreting. Finally, it examines how we can help our students cope with stress and control the internal factors influencing their performance as interpreters.
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Mellinger, Christopher D., and Thomas A. Hanson. "Interpreter traits and the relationship with technology and visibility." Community Interpreting, Translation, and Technology 13, no. 3 (November 9, 2018): 366–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00021.mel.
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Abstract Research on technology and interpreting regularly investigates technology-mediated interpreting settings and contrasts various interpreting configurations to better understand how technology changes the interpreting task. This scholarship generally does not account for various personality or character attributes exhibited by interpreters, nor does it examine the actual adoption and usage of these tools. This article presents findings from a survey-based study that examines several interpreter-specific constructs, namely their self-perception of the interpreter’s role and communication apprehension, in conjunction with attitudes toward technology use and adoption. Findings suggest that community interpreters differ from their conference interpreting counterparts and that domain-specific differences emerge between medical and court interpreters with respect to their perceived role and their propensity to adopt new technologies.
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Angermeyer, Philipp Sebastian. "Who is ‘you’?" Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2005): 203–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.17.2.02ang.
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This paper investigates the use of forms of address by court interpreters, combining a participation framework approach to dialogue interpreting with a sociolinguistic analysis of intra-speaker variation. Based on transcripts from interpreter-mediated court proceedings in New York City, the paper explores how interpreters respond when the participant status of their target recipients changes from addressee to unaddressed overhearer. The interpreters are found to design their utterances primarily to conform to institutional norms and not to the expectations of target recipients, who rely on politeness features as cues for their participant status. Adding to recent research on discourse processes in dialogue interpreting, the paper explores how the interpreter’s task becomes more complex when more than two primary participants are present.
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Prokopenko, Antonina V., and Valeriia M. Rava. "TRAINING OF THE FUTURE INTERPRETERS’ WORKING MEMORY." Bulletin of Alfred Nobel University Series "Pedagogy and Psychology" 2, no. 22 (2021): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2522-4115-2021-2-22-13.
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The article is devoted to the issues of functioning and training of short-term and long-term memory of future interpreters. The concept of translation competence is considered, and it is noted that in order for it to be at a rather high level, an interpreter needs to have a good knowledge of at least two cultures, navigate the flow of speech, find equivalents in memory as quickly as possible, make decisions about correct forms, and the most important is to have the idiomatic language skills. It is emphasized that the formation of the message should comply with social and cultural norms to facilitate its integration into the target language. This scientific study examines a model for coordinating the efforts that an interpreter must have in the process of interpreting messages. Techniques for developing the short-term memory of future interpreters are analyzed in detail. A cognitive interpreting model called the “Effort Model” is also studied, which focuses on the interpreter’s attention resources and their distribution during the interpretation. The paper notes that the coding of information is mainly carried out in three ways: acoustic, visual and semantic. Therefore, due to the correct coordination of all efforts, the interpreter will not only be able to perform the task well, but also to process and form the message, as well as save energy for further actions. Tools and tactics which develop short-term memory and improve rapid memory are identified. In particular, such tactics as the mnemonic method, categorization, generalization, comparison, description and creation of notes are presented. It is noted that short-term memory is based on the actual sense of sound, without filtering information, so the interpreter should be careful with the message that he / she transmits. Long-term memory involves neural pathways and synaptic connections, that is why it is better established in the interpreter’s brain. Thus, long-term memory is advantageous when the interpreter is better acquainted with the field to which the translation belongs; therefore, the interpretation is very accurate, due to the correct placement of words in the context. It is noted that one of the difficult tasks is to combine professional skills with theoretical knowledge. The authors conclude that the main goal of training future interpreters is to broaden their horizons and increase the knowledge and skills in several professional fields, and emphasize that future interpreters should identify a number of principles that will help in their professional activities.
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Li, Shuangyu. "Co-construction of interpreted conversation in medical consultations." Applied Linguistics Review 4, no. 1 (March 29, 2013): 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2013-0006.
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AbstractIt has been largely accepted that face-to-face consecutive interpreting should be studied as a communicative event and an interactive process. Linguistic methods, including conversation analysis, have been used to investigate interactive elements in the discourse, such as turn-taking, adjacency pair, overlapping speech, repair, etc. Researchers acknowledge that participants' verbal behaviours in the turn-by-turn interactions are co-constructed by all participants; however, little has been said about the co-constructive mechanism. This research aimed to provide a better understanding of the generic mechanism of such co-construction, hoping to inform the training for interpreters and medical professionals who work with them.Using conversation analysis, I recorded seven naturally occurring interpreter-mediated GP consultations in the UK. Participants included two GPs, three professional and ad hoc interpreters and seven patients speaking either Urdu, Mirpuri Punjabi or Czech.My analysis elaborates on the inter-determination between the types of information the primary speakers (doctor and patient) produce in the current turn and the consequent actions the interpreter undertakes in the next turn, and also points out that such inter-determination is not definite in that the interpreter's turn design is also influenced by their own characteristics. This analysis emphasises that the interpreter, both professional and ad hoc, is key to the quality of the doctor-patient communication and doctors can alter their own behaviours to optimise the interpreter's turn-design and thus the communication outcome.This research provides an insight into the co-construction of the triadic interactions in interpreted medical consultations. With a better understanding of this mechanism, doctors may be taught to alter their verbal behaviours to optimise the interpreter's performance and thus improve their communication with patients. This interactional framework may also help us understand other critical issues of power, identify, cultural competence, etc.
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Braun, Sabine. "Keep your distance? Remote interpreting in legal proceedings." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 15, no. 2 (October 7, 2013): 200–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.15.2.03bra.
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Remote interpreting, whereby the interpreter is physically separated from those who need the interpretation, has been investigated in relation to conference and healthcare settings. By contrast, very little is known about remote interpreting in legal proceedings, where this method of interpreting is increasingly used to optimise interpreters’ availability. This paper reports the findings of an experimental study investigating the viability of videoconference-based remote interpreting in legal contexts. The study compared the quality of interpreter performance in traditional and remote interpreting, both using the consecutive mode. Two simulated police interviews of detainees, recreating authentic situations, were interpreted by eight interpreters with accreditation and professional experience in police interpreting. The languages involved were French (in most cases the interpreter’s native language) and English. Each interpreter interpreted one of the interviews in remote interpreting, and the other in a traditional face-to-face setting. Various types of problem in the interpretations were analysed, quantitatively and qualitatively. Among the key findings are a significantly higher number of interpreting problems, and a faster decline of interpreting performance over time, in remote interpreting. The paper gives details of these findings, and discusses the potential legal consequences of the problems identified.
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Warchał, Krystyna, Andrzej łyda, and Alina Jackiewicz. "Whose Face? Us and them in English – Polish Consecutive Interpreting." Meta 56, no. 4 (July 11, 2012): 775–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1011252ar.
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The authors are interested in a situation where concern for the face of the receiver and/or the identity and group membership of the interpreter can become factors that influence the process of interpreting. The aim of this paper is to look into the performance of advanced trainee interpreters in consecutive interpreting tasks that involve open criticism or direct praise of the target audience. More specifically, the authors are concerned with the type and extent of face-work carried out in tasks involving face-threatening acts and with the possible correlation between the interpreter’s performance in such tasks, the choices made by the interpreter and his or her relationship with the group of ultimate receivers.
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Costa, Beverley, and Stephen Briggs. "Service-users’ experiences of interpreters in psychological therapy: a pilot study." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 10, no. 4 (December 9, 2014): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-12-2013-0044.
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Purpose – Working across languages is playing an increasingly important role in the delivery of mental health services, notably through psychotherapy and psychological therapies. Growing awareness of the complex processes that ensue in working across languages, including the presence and role of an interpreter, is generating new conceptualisations of practice, but there is a need now to evidence how these impact on service users. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper discusses the model for working with interpretation developed by Mothertongue multi-ethnic counselling service, which conceptualises the therapeutic process as working within triangular relationships consisting of service user, therapist and interpreter. Second, the paper discusses the qualitative, practice-near methods applied in, and findings from a pilot study to evaluate the interpreter's role. Findings – Three patterns of response to interpreters were identified: negative impacts on the therapy, the interpreter as conduit for therapy and the therapist and interpreter jointly demonstrating a shared enterprise. It is concluded that the method and findings of the pilot justify a larger study that will further evaluate the experiences of service users and continue to develop and test conceptualisations for best practice. Originality/value – Working across languages is now recognised as an increasingly important aspect of therapy in contexts where migration has created new demographics. This paper contributes to the discussion of working therapeutically with people with mental health difficulties across languages. Its originality lies, first, in the discussion of a new clinical approach to working with interpreters, and second in the methods used to access the views of service users about their experiences of interpreters.
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Łomzik, Magdalena. "Recent Research on the Perception of the Translating Profession." Comparative Legilinguistics 48, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cl-2021-0017.
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Abstract This article presents the latest research on the perception of the translating profession from the book Tłumacz oczami społeczeństwa edited by Katarzyna Liber-Kwiecińska. The reviewed monograph includes articles that complement current research on the perception of the role and work of interpreters. The presentation of an introductory article concerning the identity of a court interpreter is followed by the results of the work conducted by six teams of young scientists; these studies can be divided into three groups. The former relates to the perception of the interpreter’s role by attorneys ad litem, judges, and students of non-philologic faculties, and to the cooperation between interpreters and judges. The second group includes a study on the required education of translators among students of philologic and nonphilologic faculties. Finally, the last group contains research on the impact of the level of knowledge of a foreign language and the age of probants on the perception of the translating profession and the impact of the presence of an interpreter on the attractiveness of statements.
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Moser-Mercer, Barbara. "Simultaneous interpreting." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2000): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.5.2.03mos.
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Over the past five years our research has focused on cognitive issues in simultaneous interpreting: the role of working memory, robustness of cognitive processes, simultaneity of language processes, and the emerging role of long-term working memory (LT-WM) in the development of expertise in interpreting. With new technologies playing an increasingly important role in the interpreter’s work environment and with speaking speeds far exceeding the recommended 120 words per minute we need to ask ourselves just how adaptable an interpreter’s cognitive functions are to what is widely perceived as “cognitive overload”. This contribution will discuss several studies on various aspects of cognitive functioning in simultaneous interpreters and try to shed some light on the “plasticity” of the interpreter’s “brain” and on how a professional interpreter who has achieved a high level of expertise can actually circumvent a number of common cognitive constraints. This contribution argues, however, that even at the highest level of skill constraints do operate and interfere with high-quality performance.
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Warnicke, Camilla, and Charlotta Plejert. "The positioning and bimodal mediation of the interpreter in a Video Relay Interpreting (VRI) service setting." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 18, no. 2 (October 21, 2016): 198–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.18.2.03war.
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This study explores the interpreter’s positioning in a Video Relay Interpreting (VRI) service that offers bimodal mediation between people using Swedish Sign Language (SSL) and people using spoken Swedish. Positioning subsumes the ways in which interpreters orient themselves to the contingencies of the setting on a moment-by-moment basis, in relation to the impact of technology, participants’ knowledge asymmetries (e.g., prior experience of VRI), their physical separation, and the need for two arenas (visual and auditive). The interpreting is bimodal, each of the two users being in direct contact with the interpreter through a different medium (telephone for one, videophone for the other). Nine excerpts from two calls within the VRI service serve as examples to show how the interpreter’s positioning emerges dynamically in relation to contingent variables of the setting, such as the initial importance of briefing users on the service, temporary loss of sound and image, the perceived need to inform either user of extralinguistic items, or situational awareness that it is time to conclude the interaction. This new research perspective on VRI can afford a better understanding of its moment-by-moment complexity and specificities, thus helping improve it and train interpreters better for it.
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Fu, Rongbo. "Translating like a conduit? A sociosemiotic analysis of modality in Chinese government press conference interpreting." Semiotica 2018, no. 221 (March 26, 2018): 175–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2015-0035.
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AbstractThis paper is a corpus-based sociosemiotic inquiry into the translation of linguistic modality in government press conferences in the Chinese context, with an eye to its indication of interpreter’s identity. Viewing translation (including interpreting) as a process of social semiosis, the paper draws on theoretical insights from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and applies them to the analysis of modality in both English and Chinese – the language pair that concerns the present research. Results of the study show that, while modality distribution in the two languages are basically maintained at the same level, interchangeable uses between volitive and obligatory subtypes of modality plus the general increase of modality value in interpreted vis-à-vis source speeches indicate that interpreters are not deprived of mediating latitude which is believed to contradict their prescriptive stereotypes. Also, exemplary parallel concordance analysis of modality reveals that interpreters adopt various solutions to translating the same modal element. Further, the paper proposes a taxonomy for the analysis of modality shifts in interpreter-mediated encounters, with illustrative cases of each subclass examined and discussed. The findings are expected to shed light on the interpreter’s identity in political institutional settings.
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Bontempo, Karen, and Jemina Napier. "Evaluating emotional stability as a predictor of interpreter competence and aptitude for interpreting." Aptitude for Interpreting 13, no. 1 (April 11, 2011): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.13.1.06bon.
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This paper proposes that variance in interpreter performance is dependent on factors of both general cognitive ability and personality. Whilst there is no doubt of the interplay between individual personality traits and job performance across many occupations, the greatest interest lies in determining which traits play the most important role; and to what extent these variables impact on learning and achievement. The paper reports on a study of 110 accredited signed language interpreters in Australia. Psychological constructs of self-efficacy, goal orientation and negative affectivity were measured, as were interpreter ratings of self-perceived competence as practitioners. The most significant finding revealed the dimension of emotional stability (represented on the negative end of the continuum by traits of anxiety and neuroticism, and measured in this study by the negative affectivity scale) as a predictor of interpreter’s self-perceived competence. Based on these findings, recommendations for admission testing and interpreter education curricula are discussed.
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Gallez, Emmanuelle, and Katrijn Maryns. "Orality and authenticity in an interpreter-mediated defendant’s examination." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 16, no. 1 (March 10, 2014): 49–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.16.1.04gal.
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This case study examines how a court’s perception of the defendant’s socio-legal identity may be affected by interpreting. Since this perception relies largely on language, interpreters are expected to minimise their impact on the dynamics of direct communication between primary participants. The analysis focuses on an interpreter-mediated defendant’s examination, recorded in an attempted murder case tried before the Belgian Assize Court, identifying possible departures from the principles of orality and authenticity. The recordings include exchanges, not necessarily audible to the court, between the defendant and the interpreter. Our analysis shows that: (a) the participation framework (directness) of the defendant’s input is altered, while the relative inaudibility of the interaction between defendant and interpreter deprives the jury of access to authentic features of the defendant’s delivery; (b) the interpreter’s intervention may shift the defendant’s oral exposition into a different style, and hence condition the way the defendant is eventually perceived by the jury.
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Zhang, Jifei, and Fei Wang. "A Better Medical Interpreting Service." International Journal of Translation, Interpretation, and Applied Linguistics 3, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijtial.20210101.oa1.
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Medical interpreting has become a new research focus in recent decades, but few studies have discussed the role of interpreter in combination with strategies. This paper aims to work out how a medical interpreter plays his or her role and adopts strategies when interpreting between English and Chinese. Based on a first-hand medical interpreting corpus, this empirical study tagged the interpretation and made a detailed analysis of the interpreter's role and strategies. The results revealed that under the guideline of Goffman's participation framework theory the medical interpreter facilitated the therapeutic talk via three roles, namely “animator,” “author,” “principal”; for each role, different interpreting strategies, like “supplement,” “omission,” “compression,” etc. were adopted. Moreover, the study found motives behind interpreting strategies under the specific context. The sociological discussions are presented in the hope of enhancing medical interpreters' understanding of their roles and the importance of adopting more flexible strategies in order to provide better service.
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Heaney, Clare, and Sharon Moreham. "Use of interpreter services in a metropolitan healthcare system." Australian Health Review 25, no. 3 (2002): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah020038a.
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The purpose of this study was to explore interpreter service utilisation in a Melbourne metropolitan healthcare system. 109 staff members working at the three campuses comprising this healthcare system completed questionnaires. Results reflected an under-usage of professional interpreters and an over-reliance on informal interpreters. A lack of knowledge about interpreter services was related to a lack of formal interpreter use and an increased use of informal interpreters. While the presence of an onsite interpreter coordination service at one of the campuses did not affect the level of familiarity or use of formal interpreters, it was related to a decreased use of informal interpreters. Further promotion and education regarding interpreter services is imperative to ensure that a safe, efficient and equitable service is being provided to all clients.
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Angelelli, Claudia V. "Who is talking now? Role expectations and role materializations in interpreter-mediated healthcare encounters." Communication and Medicine 15, no. 2 (March 14, 2020): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cam.38679.
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Complex layers of meaning accompany conversations about illness and medicine in medical encounters. The complexity multiplies in multilingual healthcare encounters when interpreters are asked to bridge the cultural communities of the provider (and medicine) and the patient, not only by interpreting the languages used, but also by taking on different roles, coordinating talk and facilitating answers to questions that providers and patients raise as they communicate with one another. A sub-set of three segments of interpreter-mediated authentic interactions (n=392) are presented to explore the provider and healthcare interpreter’s responsibilities and challenges in constructing and co-constructing meaning in conversations about healthcare information. Findings suggest that interpreters do not volunteer to take on roles above and beyond the one of interpreting. Instead they are instructed to take on other roles which may not necessarily be aligned with their background or professional practice (e.g. explore medical history, explain the value of ratings on a pain scale). This study has implications for providers and interpreters in regards to responsibility and ethics when communicating with patients who do not use societal languages.
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Dan, Jiao, and Yang Chunyu. "English Interpreting Teaching from the Perspective of Interpreter Qualities." Studies in English Language Teaching 5, no. 4 (November 20, 2017): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v5n4p781.
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<p><em>With the frequent development of the international communication and cooperation, the interpreter’s role is much more important than ever before in the modern society. In order to meet this demand, more and more China’s universities have set up undergraduate translation major, and (or) set up a professional Master of Translation and Interpretation (MTI). Under this circumstance, the universities become the main force of interpreter training. This paper mainly studies the English interpreting teaching from the perspective of interpreter qualities focusing on eight qualities: language competence, knowledge storage, interpreting quotients (communication skills, thinking consciousness, reflexes and concentration, learning ability, psychological quality, service consciousness). Through the study on the interpreters’ qualities, this paper aims at providing the references for interpreting teaching in universities both for interpreting teachers and trainers.</em></p>
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Abuín Gonzàlez, Marta. "The language of consecutive interpreters’ notes." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 14, no. 1 (April 6, 2012): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.14.1.03abu.
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This paper presents an empirical study of the language of the notes produced by three groups of subjects with different levels of interpreter training and experience (beginner students, advanced students and interpreters) during an experimental consecutive interpreting task from English into Spanish. The variable under study was the note-taking language — source language vs. target language. Analyses of the notational corpus involved the application of quantitative methods so as to obtain data on the language of the notes at different skill acquisition and professional stages. The results show that as the subjects’ expertise level increases, there is a shift from the use of the source language towards the use of the target language. This finding suggests that the expertise level in consecutive interpreting may be a relevant factor in the interpreter’s choice of language. Finally, some conclusions are drawn regarding interpreter training.
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Angelelli, Claudia V., and Ghada Osman. ""A crime in another language?" An analysis of the interpreter's role in the yousry case." Translation and Interpreting Studies 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 47–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.2.1.02ang.
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The authors of this study apply discourse analysis to the Arabic<>English interpretation performed by Mohamed Yousry for Sheikh Omar Abdel-Rahman and his lawyer, Lynn Stewart. The article begins with a review of the latest research in the field that highlights the interpreter’s role as co-participant in the communicative event, debunking the traditional notion of the interpreter as conduit. On the basis of transcripts of videotaped interviews between Abdel-Rahman and Stewart with Yousry acting as interpreter, the authors analyze the particular ways in which Yousry exercised his agency as a co-participant. By creating an Arabic-centered discourse, Yousry effectively marginalized Stewart while placing Abdel-Rahman in a discursive position of authority. This study is an example of the research necessary to develop best practices for interpreters that acknowledge their agency in the interpreted communicative event.
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Kim, Daejin, and Hyang-Ok Lim. "Creativity and simultaneous interpretation—the two shall never meet?" International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 6 (July 18, 2018): 1316–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918786472.
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Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: This study examines the cognitive nature of Korean–English conference interpreters by analyzing the creativity scores of professional interpreters and interpreter students and exploring the cause of the differences between them. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) on professional interpreters and interpreter students. The main scores and sub scores of the two groups were compared and analyzed. The quantitative results were complemented by selective in-depth interviews. Data and analysis: Forty-five subjects (21 professional interpreters and 24 interpreter students) participated in the study. The data from the TTCT main and subordinate scores were obtained. An independent t-test between the two groups was conducted. The creative style scores were compared to explain the differences between the two groups. Findings/conclusions: Contrary to our expectations, the creative verbal scores of the professional interpreters were significantly lower than the interpreter students’ scores. We also found other distinct differences between the two groups regarding several aspects of creativity including styles. We speculate that the different creative scores may reflect the impact that many years of professional interpretation experience have had on the cognition of the conference interpreters. Originality: The current study is a first attempt to explore the creative scores of professional interpreters and interpreter students with an analysis of the implications of the cognitive aspects of Korean–English conference interpreters. Significance/implications: Our study suggests that the difference in the creative scores of professional interpreters and interpreter students may be key to understanding the unique cognitive features of Korean–English conference interpreters. We surmise that the involvement of particular functions of the brain together with the professional experience of the interpreters caused the difference.
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Zhao, Tao, Fangyu Li, and Kurt J. Marfurt. "Seismic attribute selection for unsupervised seismic facies analysis using user-guided data-adaptive weights." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): O31—O44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0192.1.
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With the rapid development in seismic attribute and interpretation techniques, interpreters can be overwhelmed by the number of attributes at their disposal. Pattern recognition-driven seismic facies analysis provides a means to identify subtle variations across multiple attributes that may only be partially defined on a single attribute. Typically, interpreters intuitively choose input attributes for multiattribute facies analysis based on their experience and the geologic target of interest. However, such an approach may overlook unsuspected or subtle features hidden in the data. We therefore augment this qualitative attribute selection process with quantitative measures of candidate attributes that best differentiate features of interest. Instead of selecting a group of attributes and assuming all the selected attributes contribute equally to the facies map, we weight the interpreter-selected input attributes based on their response from the unsupervised learning algorithm and the interpreter’s knowledge. In other words, we expect the weights to represent “which attribute is ‘favored’ by an interpreter as input for unsupervised learning” from an interpretation perspective and “which attribute is ‘favored’ by the learning algorithm” from a data-driven perspective. Therefore, we claim the weights are user guided and data adaptive, as the derivation of weight for each input attribute is embedded into the learning algorithm, providing a specific measurement tailored to the selected learning algorithm, while still taking the interpreter’s knowledge into account. We develop our workflow using Barnett Shale surveys and an unsupervised self-organizing map seismic facies analysis algorithm. We found that the proposed weighting-based attribute selection method better differentiates features of interest than using equally weighted input attributes. Furthermore, the weight values provide insights into dependency among input attributes.
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Shamlidi, Evgenij Yuryevich. "ON THE ISSUE OF INTERPRETERS’ PHONETIC COMPETENCE (BASED ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE)." Russian Journal of Multilingualism and Education 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2500-0748-2019-11-86-97.
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The article deals with one of the most important aspects of translators’ linguistic competence - their phonetics, since interpreters’ good pronunciation is of great practical value, including enunciation of phonemes, lexemes, intonation, articulation, stress placement, and even voice timbre. The novelty of this research consists in the fact that it is one of the few works analyzing typical pronouncing errors of Russian learners of English - mainly interpreters, but also teachers and other students of English - who use their English for various pragmatic purposes. Linguistic literature is replete with textbooks and teaching aids in theoretical and practical phonetics of the English language highlighting theoretical and practical aspects of forming correct pronunciation habits; however, they do not pay sufficient attention to most common pronouncing errors, i.e. stress misplacement, wrong articulation of vowels, diphthongs, consonants, etc., enforced by the interference of Russian phonetic system. The writer of this article analyses most common errors gleaned in the course of his career of a professional interpreter and university lecturer by drawing on his own experience and that of his colleagues - teachers and interpreters. This research seems topical due to the fact that audiences form their first impression of an English teacher or an interpreter by the proximity of his/her pronunciation to that of native speakers. The writer of this article holds an opinion that an interpreter’s pronunciation is his/her “business card,” allowing for the fact, however, that an interpreter does not have to speak without any foreign accent at all, but if the accent is still there it must not jar on native speakers’ ear; the enunciation has to be clear, distinct, pleasant, without obvious phonetic errors affected by the phonetics of the Russian language. Hopefully this article will help some Russian learners of English correct their pronunciation errors in their mastery of the English language, should those errors be taken notice of
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Apostolou, Fotini. "Mediation, manipulation, empowerment." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 11, no. 1 (February 23, 2009): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.11.1.02apo.
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This paper attempts a reading of the interpreter’s social and cultural role through a return to origins, to the ancient Greek god Hermes, who was, among other things, the mediator between gods and humans. Hermes’s ambivalent position and nature — conveying and at the same time manipulating the messages of the gods — are taken as a point of departure in order to highlight the complexity of the interpreting process. Interpreters, poised in the same liminal space of in-betweenness, are asked to promote communication, remaining faithful to the speaker and retaining for themselves an invisible presence (or absence?). The questions of invisibility and neutrality are further discussed in the second part of the paper, where Sydney Pollack’s film The Interpreter (2005) is taken as a case study. The lead character of the film, an interpreter, moves from perfect neutrality to full involvement in the interpreting process, and faces the consequences of this violation of an “omnipresent” ethical code that demands absence rather than presence on the part of the interpreter.
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Hadziabdic, Emina. "Ukrainian-Speaking Migrants’ Concerning the Use of Interpreters in Healthcare Service: A Pilot Study." Open Nursing Journal 10, no. 1 (February 15, 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874434601610010001.
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The aim of this pilot study was to investigate Ukrainian-speaking migrants’ attitudes to the use of interpreters in healthcare service in order to test a developed questionnaire and recruitment strategy. A descriptive survey using a 51-item structured self-administered questionnaire of 12 Ukrainian-speaking migrants’ and analyzed by the descriptive statistics. The findings were to have an interpreter as an objective communication and practical aid with personal qualities such as a good knowledge of languages and translation ability. In contrast, the clothes worn by the interpreter and the interpreter’s religion were not viewed as important aspects. The findings support the method of a developed questionnaire and recruitment strategy, which in turn can be used in a larger planned investigation of the same topic in order to arrange a good interpretation situation in accordance with persons’ desire irrespective of countries’ different rules in healthcare policies regarding interpretation.
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Martin, Anne, and María Gómez-Amich. "Ideology, positionality and war." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 23, no. 2 (July 12, 2021): 269–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00063.mar.
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Abstract The objective of this article is to explore issues of ideology in situations of interpreting in conflict zones. Research into interpreting in conflict zones is quite recent and has shed light on interesting aspects. Ideology is clearly present in war situations and may condition the interpreter’s role. This article seeks to identify examples of power relations and ideology by drawing on the narratives of five local interpreters who worked with Spanish troops stationed in Afghanistan as part of the International Security Assistance Force between 2003 and 2015. The narratives were collected using a semi-structured interview technique. The findings indicate that ideology is reflected in the interpreters’ perception of their own role as agents working for the good of their country against a common enemy, even though they were potentially perceived by both sides in the conflict as possible traitors. The traditional narrative of the interpreter as an invisible and impartial facilitator of communication would not appear to be applicable in this context.
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Chang, Chia-chien, Michelle Min-chia Wu, and Tien-chun Gina Kuo. "Conference interpreting and knowledge acquisition." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 20, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): 204–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00010.cha.
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Abstract This paper describes knowledge acquisition of professional conference interpreters in Taiwan when dealing with unfamiliar topics: the focus is on how the required knowledge is developed before, during and after a conference. We interviewed 10 Chinese-English interpreters, to find out about their preparation for such conferences and their approach to developing domain-specific knowledge. We first collected each interpreter’s five latest conference programs and used these to analyze the knowledge domains covered. We then based each interview on one conference agenda, considered representative by the interpreter, to examine the knowledge acquisition process from pre- to post-conference. The results show strategic preparation of unfamiliar topics: to facilitate comprehension and reformulation, interpreters make good use of conference documents and compile glossaries in which they organize the concepts and terminology specific to the conference. As they assimilate the language usage of the presenters and other participants during the conference, they use their analytical skills to manage any difficulties. Keeping in mind the aims of the event (e.g., commercial, scientific), as well as the profiles of the speakers and target audience, helps to optimize availability of relevant knowledge at short notice and continue updating it during the assignment.
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Walczyński, Marcin. "Certified Interpreters’ Subjective Experience of Psycho-Affective Factors in Court Interpreting." Anglica Wratislaviensia 58 (November 13, 2020): 165–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0301-7966.58.10.
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This paper touches upon the theme of the certified interpreter’s psycho-affectivity, a construct studied within a branch of interpreting studies known as interpreter psychology, or more precisely, within its psycho-affective strand. What also lays the groundwork for the presentation of the outcomes of the investigation into the certified interpreters’ experience of the psycho-affective factors is an overview of certified interpreting. The major part of this paper is dedicated to the discussion of the results of a survey carried out among Polish-English certified interpreters who interpret consecutively in the courtroom. Seven factors experienced by study participants (i.e. anxiety, fear, language inhibition/language ego/language boundaries, extroversion/introversion/ambiversion, self-esteem, motivation and stress) are discussed. The discussion is supplemented with a selection of quotes taken from the certified interpreters’ responses, in which they directly or indirectly refer to the selected psycho-affective factors and their impact on the interpreting process and the output rendered. All in all, it emerges that, in quite a number of cases, in the respondents’ opinions, the psycho-affective factors under consideration are of a more negative than positive character, thereby disrupting the process of consecutive interpreting in the courtroom.
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Krystallidou, Demi, Céline Van De Walle, Myriam Deveugele, Evangelia Dougali, Fien Mertens, Amélie Truwant, Ellen Van Praet, and Peter Pype. "Training “doctor-minded” interpreters and “interpreter-minded” doctors." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 20, no. 1 (April 26, 2018): 132–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.00005.kry.
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Abstract In response to calls in the literature for more collaborative practice in interpreter training, this paper describes the design, implementation and part of the evaluation of an innovative joint training intervention for interpreting students (Master’s level) and 3rd- and 4th-year medical students at Ghent University. In order to assess the development of the students’ knowledge and skills, we employed self-efficacy questionnaires; the training intervention was evaluated in a debriefing session with trainers from both fields. A development in skills that involve direct interaction with the primary participants and address specific communicative goals was noted. Our initial evaluation suggests that interprofessional education and collaborative practice in interpreter training can create the conditions for interpreting students to develop a more insightful and reflective approach to their interpreting practice.
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Krystallidou, Demi. "Investigating the interpreter’s role(s)." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 18, no. 2 (October 21, 2016): 172–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.18.2.02kry.
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Although the interpreter’s function in interaction has attracted significant interest in the literature, the focus is often restricted to verbal interaction alone. This paper introduces an analytical framework, based on Goffman’s construct of role, to examine how participants’ actions: (i) carry communicative meaning that complements their use of language; ii) are interdependent with those of other participants. The analysis also takes into account the normative frameworks which, to a certain extent, shape the interpreter’s and the doctor’s actions. Transcribed excerpts of two authentic medical consultations are examined, along with video stills. The recordings, with interpreting between Dutch and Russian, were made at a Belgian hospital; informed consent and ethical approval were obtained. It is shown that interpreters’ use of non-verbal resources can favour the patient’s inclusion in interaction when s/he is bypassed by the doctor, possibly interested in involving only the interpreter and in leaving little, if any, opportunity for the patient’s voice to be heard.
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Vigier Moreno, Francisco J. "Interpreting in Spanish criminal courts." Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 5, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00038.vig.
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Abstract The quality of the interpreting carried out in criminal courts has come to the fore in Spain with the entry into force of domestic legislation transposing Directive 2010/64/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 October 2010, on the right to interpretation and translation in criminal proceedings, and Directive 2012/13/EU of 22 May 2012, on the right to information in criminal proceedings, which enshrines translation and interpreting as an essential element within procedural guarantees. The TIPp project was aimed at developing resources that facilitate court interpreters’ tasks based on the data obtained from a representative corpus of authentic interpreter-mediated criminal proceedings. In this contribution we describe and analyse the corpus, highlighting aspects such as the interpreter’s mother tongue, the type of offence that was tried, the procedural situation of the non Spanish-speaking user and whether there was whispered interpreting or the interpreter was given any instruction.
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He, Yan, and Yinying Hu. "Functional Connectivity Signatures Underlying Simultaneous Language Translation in Interpreters and Non-Interpreters of Mandarin and English: An fNIRS Study." Brain Sciences 12, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12020273.
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Recent neuroimaging research has suggested that interpreters and non-interpreters elicit different brain activation patterns during simultaneous language translation. However, whether these two groups have different functional connectivity during such a task, and how the neural coupling is among brain subregions, are still not well understood. In this study, we recruited Mandarin (L1)/English (L2) interpreters and non-interpreter bilinguals, whom we asked to perform simultaneous language translation and reading tasks. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to collect cortical brain data for participants during each task, using 68 channels that covered the prefrontal cortex and the bilateral perisylvian regions. Our findings revealed both interpreter and non-interpreter groups recruited the right dorsolateral prefrontal hub when completing the simultaneous language translation tasks. We also found different functional connectivity between the groups. The interpreter group was characterized by information exchange between the frontal cortex and Wernicke’s area. In comparison, the non-interpreter group revealed neural coupling between the frontal cortex and Broca’s area. These findings indicate expertise modulates functional connectivity, possibly because of more developed cognitive skills associated with executive functions in interpreters.
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Mikkelson, Holly. "Towards a redefinition of the role of the court interpreter." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 21–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.3.1.02mik.
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Various federal and state statutes in the United States define the role of the court interpreter with clear and unequivocal rules. This definition is based on the underlying principles of the U.S. legal system, which is derived from the Anglo-Saxon common-law tradition. Consequently, the distinctive features of that system, including the jury trial and the concept of adversarial proceedings, make the function of the court interpreter quite different from that of his/her counterparts in other countries. In recent years, the judiciary has made an effort to enhance the public's access to the justice system, but at the same time, the latest wave of immigration comprises individuals from societies in which cultural norms differ greatly from those of the United States. Moreover, many of these immigrants have received little or no formal education. As a result, judiciary interpreters feel somewhat constrained by the rules that govern their profession when they strive to bridge the cultural and linguistic gap. This paper reexamines the function of the court interpreter in light of these circumstances and an analysis of prevailing practices in other countries, and proposes a new approach to the interpreter's role.
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Hu, Wan. "Examining the Effectiveness of Simulated Interpreting Projects: Students’ Perspectives." Review of European Studies 11, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v11n2p118.
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In recent decades, bridging the gap between university-based interpreting teaching and industry needs has been increasingly important as an emerging area of interpreter education and training. Many interpreter educators and practitioners have introduced authentic interpreting practices (e.g. mock conference, role-play, conference observation, field training) into their classrooms and received positive feedback from student interpreters. This study investigates the use of simulated interpreting projects, which have been designed by the interpreter trainer to make student interpreters’ learning more stimulating and effective. Findings from this empirical study have demonstrated that the simulated interpreting projects not only enhanced student interpreters’ skills for and knowledge about the interpreting profession, but also cultivated their vocational skills and investigation capabilities which are crucial for many other professions. This research contributes to the current understanding of enhancing student interpreters’ learning experience via real-life activities. It introduces a fresh perspective for designing an investigative learning model for student interpreters. It also has practical implications for interpreting pedagogy, offering theoretical and empirical support for the changing attitudes and approaches in interpreter education and training.
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Schulz, Thomas R., Karin Leder, Ismail Akinci, and Beverley-Ann Biggs. "Improvements in patient care: videoconferencing to improve access to interpreters during clinical consultations for refugee and immigrant patients." Australian Health Review 39, no. 4 (2015): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah14124.
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Objective To demonstrate the suitability of accessing interpreters via videoconference for medical consultations and to assess doctor and patient perceptions of this compared with either on-site or telephone interpreting. Methods We assessed the suitability and acceptability of accessing interpreters via videoconference during out-patient clinical consultations in two situations: (i) when the doctor and patient were in a consulting room at a central hospital and the interpreter sat remotely; and (ii) when the doctor, patient and interpreter were each at separate sites (during a telehealth consultation). The main outcome measures were patient and doctor satisfaction, number of problems recorded and acceptability compared with other methods for accessing an interpreter. Results Ninety-eight per cent of patients were satisfied overall with the use of an interpreter by video. When comparing videoconference interpreting with telephone interpreting, 82% of patients thought having an interpreter via video was better or much better, 15% thought it was the same and 3% considered it worse. Compared with on-site interpreting, 16% found videoconferencing better or much better, 58% considered it the same and 24% considered it worse or much worse. Conclusions The present study has demonstrated that accessing an interpreter via videoconference is well accepted and preferred to telephone interpreting by both doctors and patients. What is known about the topic? Many immigrants and refugees settle in rural Australia. Access to professional on-site interpreters is difficult, particularly in rural Australia. What does this study add? Interpreters can be successfully accessed by videoconference. Patients and doctors prefer an interpreter accessed by videoconference rather than a telephone interpreter. What are the implications for practitioners? Doctors can utilise videoconferencing to access interpreters if this is available, confident that this is well accepted by patients and preferred to telephone interpreting.
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Hunt, Xanthe, and Leslie Swartz. "Psychotherapy with a language interpreter: considerations and cautions for practice." South African Journal of Psychology 47, no. 1 (August 2, 2016): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246316650840.
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We examine the extent to which psychotherapy can be successfully conducted with the aid of an interpreter. We propose that, even if we assume idealistic levels of training on the part of the interpreter and the therapist, and openness on the part of the client, there are still many challenges inherent in interpreter-assisted therapy. We focus on some of the characteristics common to client experiences of effective psychotherapy, as well as the characteristics and habits of effective therapists, and show how the insertion of an interpreter into the therapeutic relationship could affect both. Where the literature provides, we also note steps which could be taken to minimise the harmful impacts and maximise the positive contributions which the therapist–interpreter–client dynamic could yield. In South Africa, where informal interpreters play the invaluable role of facilitating essential communication between psychotherapists and their clients, it is imperative that informal interpreters, and clinicians working with interpreters, are aware of some of the complex issues at play in interpreted interactions. The issue of interpreting in mental health care is commonly addressed only in regard to the question of the competence of interpreters; we suggest that attitudinal and skill issues are equally important for clinicians. We conclude that successful therapy with an interpreter necessitates a consideration of the dynamic interaction between all parties involved.
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Yamada, Naoko. "Assessing the Needs of Interpreter Training in Japan." Journal of Interpretation Research 19, no. 2 (November 2014): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109258721401900204.
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This research attempted to identify the needs present in interpreter training in Japan. Interviews with trainers and interpreters, and questionnaires administered to interpreters were employed to explore (a) the skills and abilities necessary for successful interpreters and (b) the challenges that trainers may experience regarding interpretive training in Japan. The results showed both consistency and inconsistency in the perceptions of interpreters and trainers. Interpretive design, communication and public speaking, and risk management are core subjects recommended for future introductory-level training programs in Japan. Managerial and training skills are suggested for new types of training programs. Several challenges to interpreter training in Japan were also identified.
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Steele, Heather, David Lehane, Elizabeth Walton, and Caroline Mitchell. "Exploring patient preference regarding interpreter use in primary care." British Journal of General Practice 70, suppl 1 (June 2020): bjgp20X711557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20x711557.
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BackgroundEffective communication is considered an essential component of delivering health care. Trained, professional interpreters are the gold standard for overcoming language barriers with those with limited English proficiency (LEP). However, LEP patients often use unqualified interpreters such as family members and friends. Existing literature explores the rationale behind choosing different interpreters, but rarely from the patient perspective.AimTo explore the patient perspective on the type of interpreter best suited for primary care consultations.MethodParticipants self-identified as having LEP were recruited from four GP practices in areas of Sheffield with high proportions of black and minority ethnic (BME) residents. The participants were from Urdu-, Arabic-, or Romani-speaking ethnic groups. Semi-structured interpreted interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically with independent verification of emergent themes. Interviews continued to data saturation.ResultsAll participants expressed a preference for face-to-face interpreters. Urdu and Arabic participants highlighted the importance of using an interpreter with the same dialect; Roma participants were passionate about the need for qualified Roma interpreters. Most participants also identified trust and sex as important factors. However, interpreter preference varied between participants: some valued the continuity of family members, whereas others favoured the professionalism and linguistic accuracy associated with qualified interpreters.ConclusionThis study identified conflicts between patient preferences and guidance for healthcare professionals; all of the participants disliked telephone interpreting, and many recognised the benefits of untrained interpreters. The study highlights the complexities of interpreter preference in primary care and suggests that the decision should be flexible, and patient centred.
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Phillips, Christine B., and Joanne Travaglia. "Low levels of uptake of free interpreters by Australian doctors in private practice: secondary analysis of national data." Australian Health Review 35, no. 4 (2011): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah10900.
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Background. One in thirty-five Australians has poor proficiency in English, and may need language support in health consultations. Australia has the world’s most extensive system of fee-free provision of interpreters for doctors, but the degree of uptake relative to need is unknown. Objective. To assess the current unmet and projected future needs for interpreters in Australia in Medicare-funded medical consultations. Method. Secondary analysis of Australian Census, Medicare and Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS) datasets. Age-specific rates of non-Indigenous populations who had self-reported poor proficiency in English were applied to age-specific attendances to general practitioners (GPs) and private specialists to estimate the need for language-assisted consultations in 2006–07. The proportion of services where language assistance was used when needed was estimated through aggregate data from the Medicare and TIS datasets. Results. We estimate that interpreters from the national fee-free service were used for patients with poor proficiency in English is less than 1 in 100 (0.97%) Medicare-funded consultations. The need for interpreters will escalate in future, particularly among those over 85 years. Discussion. Doctors currently underuse interpreters. Increasing the use of interpreters requires education and incentives, but also sustained investment in systems, infrastructure and interpreters to meet the escalation in demand as the population ages. What is known about this topic? Australia is a multilingual country, with 1 in 35 Australians rating their spoken English as poor. Australia is regarded internationally as a model of service provision in its national fee-free rapid-access telephone interpreter service (the Doctors Priority Line) for doctors charging Medicare-rebateable services. Little is known of the extent of uptake of interpreter services by private doctors, relative to estimated patient need. What does this paper add? Using estimates generated from Medicare statistics, Translating and Interpreting Service statistics and rates calculated from ABS data on language proficiency, we estimate that for every 100 people with poor English proficiency who see a private GP or specialist, only 1 will have an interpreter from the free Doctors Priority Line. Although there are interpreter services funded by States and Territories, these are used very infrequently by GPs and consultants in private practice. The demand for interpreters will increase in future as the population ages. What are the implications for practitioners? Even with a free, rapid-access service, doctors underuse interpreters. Public policy should focus on both education and financial incentives to encourage doctors to use interpreters. Future increases in demand for interpreters will require sustained input into developing the interpreter workforce, and training healthcare practitioners and their businesses to be proactive about using interpreters.
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Kurz, Ingrid, Doris Chiba, Vera Medinskaya, and Martina Pastore. "Translators and interpreters: different learning styles?" Across Languages and Cultures 1, no. 1 (September 24, 2000): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/acr.1.2000.1.6.
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Even though learning styles are not a new research topic, little attention has been paid so far to their potential significance for the training of translators and interpreters. Following a brief review of the literature, the authors present the results of an investigation into learning style preferences of translator and interpreter students by means of the Kolb Learning Style Inventory. Their hypotheses that (a) translator and interpreter students differ in their learning style preferences and (b) interpreter students and professional interpreters show similar learning styles could be confirmed.
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Sibul, Karin. "Interpretive Communities: Estonia’s Case Study." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 4 (March 5, 2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2014.17470.
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This paper discusses Stanley Fish’s notion of interpretive communities, based on interviews conducted with interpreters who operated in Estonia from 1944 to 1991 while Estonia was a Soviet republic. 43 semi-structured convergent interviews were conducted: 21 with people who worked as interpreters and 22 with people who recruited interpreters or worked with an interpreter during this period.This study has presented a new perspective for the consideration of interpretive communities as defined by Stanley Fish. It has demonstrated the applicability of the notion on the basis of interviews conducted with interpreters. It is clear that interpreters apply interpretive strategies, depend on reader’s activities and on the structure of the reader’s experience.In analysing the gathered material, I applied a novel approach and extended Stanley Fish’s notion of interpretive communities from readers to interpreters. My conclusion is that Estonia’s post-World War Two interpreter community falls into two interpretive communities, the dividing line being languages used (Russian as the A or B language versus English, German, Swedish, Polish, French or Spanish as the B language, etc.) and experience (local versus international).While this study focused on interpreters in Estonia after World War II, it could be beneficial to compare the findings with other Baltic and East European countries. The analysis of interviews revealed that the interpreters operating in the years reviewed did not always meet the requirements of a professional interpreter. They were all interpreters by chance, however, not professionals.It should be recognized that factors such as the interpreting setting and preparation, as demonstrated in the above examples, played an important role. This research could be taken a step further and interviews conducted with interpreters active since the restoration of independence.