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1
Waller, Vivienne. "‘This Big Hi-Tech Thing’: Gender and the Internet at Home in the 1990s." Media International Australia 143, no. 1 (May 2012): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1214300110.
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This article provides a snapshot of the relationship between the internet and gender in the early days of home internet connections in Australia. Based as it is on one of the first qualitative studies of home use of the internet and what appears to be the earliest Australian study of home use of the internet, it helps to fill a gap in the history of the internet in Australia. It draws from 76 in-depth interviews conducted in 1998 with members of nineteen household families who had a home internet connection. At the time of the research, there were a variety of stories in circulation regarding the relationship between the internet and gender. The analysis presented in this article presents a more nuanced picture of this relationship in the early days of domestic internet connections. Rather than just comparing the different experiences of males and females, it looks at how gender was constituted in the meanings users invested in particular uses or non-uses of the internet at home, and in particular in the idea of technical mastery.
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Hunn, Charlotte, Caroline Spiranovic, Jeremy Prichard, and Karen Gelb. "Why internet users’ perceptions of viewing child exploitation material matter for prevention policies." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 53, no. 2 (February 20, 2020): 174–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865820903794.
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There are claims that the societal appetite for ‘child exploitation material’ is increasing. Yet, Australia’s policy response does not include initiatives to dissuade potential offenders from deliberately viewing child exploitation material for the first time (onset). To critically examine this issue, this paper draws on Situational Crime Prevention theory. It argues that (a) many first-time child exploitation material viewers fit the Situational Crime Prevention construct of the Opportunistic Offender and (b) suggests that current policy overlooks the kinds of non-instrumental factors that increase the risk of onset for this group, including doubts about the criminality and harmfulness of viewing child exploitation material. The paper then empirically examines social attitudes to child exploitation material viewing by presenting the findings of a survey of 504 Australian internet users. Results indicate that a sizeable minority of the participants were: unaware that it is a crime to view certain types of child exploitation material in Australia; and held doubts about the harmfulness of viewing child exploitation material. These findings are used to reflect on how the presence of these non-instrumental factors among ordinary internet users may affect the offending readiness of the Opportunistic Offender. Policy implications are then briefly discussed.
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Rodgers, Shelly, Yan Jin, Ruth Rettie, Frank Alpert, and Doyle Yoon. "Internet Motives of Users in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and Korea." Journal of Interactive Advertising 6, no. 1 (September 2005): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2005.10722108.
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Flood, Michael. "Exposure to pornography among youth in Australia." Journal of Sociology 43, no. 1 (March 2007): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783307073934.
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Youth in Australia are routinely exposed to sexually explicit images. Among 16- and 17-year-olds, three-quarters of boys and one-tenth of girls have ever watched an X-rated movie. Three-quarters of 16- and 17-year-olds have been exposed accidentally to pornographic websites, while 38 percent of boys and 2 percent of girls have deliberately accessed them. Internet pornography is a particularly pervasive source of minors’ exposure to pornography, both accidental and deliberate. Two features of children’s exposure to pornography mirror those among adults. First, males are more likely to seek out, and are more frequent consumers of, both X-rated movies and pornographic websites. Second, Internet users of any age find it difficult to avoid unwanted encounters with sexually explicit materials.
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Gharib, Padid Akbarzadeh. "The Determination of User Satisfaction with Personal Internet Banking Services in the Context of Australia." Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 14, no. 3 (July 2016): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2016070104.
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Based on previous studies a theoretical framework of the determinants of an individual's satisfaction using Personal Internet Banking services is formulated incorporating information system success factors complemented by elements of behavioral and environmental uncertainties (multidimensional trust and perceived risk). Data was collected using an online self-administered questionnaire from a sample of 370 users in Australia and analyzed in order to determine the relationships among factors that have significant causal effects on customer satisfaction. The results confirm the importance of some of the factors reported in previous studies but also reveal unreported significant direct and indirect causal effects on customer satisfaction. Practical conclusions provide new perspectives for Australian banks on keeping customers highly satisfied with online banking services, as the main objective of this study.
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Waller, Vivienne. "Diverse everyday information practices in Australian households." Library and Information Research 37, no. 115 (October 4, 2013): 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/lirg583.
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Qualitative research into the everyday information-seeking practices of eight diverse households in the city of Melbourne, Australia permitted insights into the variability in dynamics around information practices. The current study combines an information practice approach to information-seeking with finer detail on use of the Internet. Rather than treat the Internet as a monolithic entity, this study looks separately at the use of more recent Internet technologies such as social media and Wikipedia. The study examines the type of information that people seek, the ways in which they stay informed and their engagement with a range of information resources. In particular, the study illustrates the enormous disparity in the level of information resources available to participants. It also illustrates the extent to which use of the search engine, Google, has become naturalised within the everyday information practices of some Internet users in Australia. This study indicates that public libraries still have particular importance for more disadvantaged members of the population.
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Dugdale, Anni, Anne Daly, Franco Papandrea, and Maria Maley. "Accessing e-government: challenges for citizens and organizations." International Review of Administrative Sciences 71, no. 1 (March 2005): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852305051687.
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The Internet is becoming more integral to governments and their modes of doing business and delivering services. This is creating a new imperative to address the digital divide. In Australia, as shown in this article, citizens who are the biggest users of government services are the least likely to be connected to the internet. What can be done to connect the unconnected? The article explores what has been learned from some of the Australian initiatives for connecting the unconnected to online government services. It concludes that greater attention to community-based human capital development is needed. It gives examples of factors needed for success in building socially marginalized communities’ interest, enthusiasm and capacity to interact and communicate via online technologies, thereby contributing to how successful e-government can be in delivering gains in efficiency and improved services.
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Thomas, Neil, Fiona Foley, Katrina Lindblom, and Stuart Lee. "Are people with severe mental illness ready for online interventions? Access and use of the Internet in Australian mental health service users." Australasian Psychiatry 25, no. 3 (January 31, 2017): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856217689913.
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Objectives: The Internet is increasingly used in mental health service delivery, but there are significant potential barriers to Internet access for persons with severe mental illness (SMI). There is a need to understand this group’s access to, and confidence with using, the Internet, and current views on using online resources as part of mental healthcare. Method: A survey was conducted of 100 consumers attending a specialist mental health service in Melbourne, Australia. Results: Approximately three-quarters of participants had regular access to the Internet, and two-thirds used the Internet weekly or more. Half of the sample used email at least weekly, and a third were regular users of social networking sites. Internet access was often via mobile devices. Only a minority of participants used the Internet for mental health information, with video streaming and general websites accessed more often than peer forums for mental health content. Most participants were positive about their mental health worker using tablet computers with them in appointments for delivery of mental health materials. Conclusion: Most people with SMI are active Internet users and, therefore, able to use interventions online.
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Singh, Supriya. "The Social Dimensions of the Security of Internet Banking." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2006): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jtaer1020014.
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This paper examines the users’ perspective on the security of Internet banking in Australia within the social context. This user-centered design approach supplements the technological and industrial approaches to security. The user-centered research on banking was conducted at the Royal Melbourne University of Technology University and Griffith University, both of which are part of the Smart Internet Technology Cooperative Research Centre. We conclude that the most effective way to increase the perception of Internet banking security is to increase ease of use, convenience, personalisation and trust. Without the perception of security, there will be little trust in banking and transactions on the Internet. This will impede the use of Internet banking and e-commerce which are increasingly important aspects of the nation’s critical infrastructure.
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Davis, Mark. "‘You have to come into the world’: Transition, Emotion and Being in Narratives of Life with the Internet." Somatechnics 1, no. 2 (September 2011): 253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2011.0019.
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This paper explores the relation between internet technologies and social change with reference to the narratives of ordinary internet-users living in Melbourne, Australia. The argument developed here draws attention to the interviewee's imaginaries of being-in-the-world under internet-related change; imaginaries which are, at times, marked by a language of emotional and bodily transition. This framing of life with the internet suggests that its technologies are not merely the means by which people gain access to information, advice, services and social interaction; they appear to mobilise questions of being and at the same time offer themselves as the means for establishing ‘beingness’, to borrow a term from Valerie Walkerdine (2010) . This emphasis on being in accounts of internet-related change also suggests the exercise of narrative subjectification through internet technologies or, in other terms, the internet-related ‘technologisation’ of narrative practices.
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Kamiński, Łoniewski, Misera, and Marlicz. "Heartburn-Related Internet Searches and Trends of Interest across Six Western Countries: A Four-Year Retrospective Analysis Using Google Ads Keyword Planner." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23 (November 20, 2019): 4591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234591.
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The internet is becoming the main source of health-related information. We aimed to investigate data regarding heartburn-related searches made by Google users from Australia, Canada, Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. We retrospectively analyzed data from Google Ads Keywords Planner. We extracted search volumes of keywords associated with “heartburn” for June 2015 to May 2019. The data were generated in the respective primary language. The number of searches per 1,000 Google-user years was as follows: 177.4 (Australia), 178.1 (Canada), 123.8 (Germany), 199.7 (Poland), 152.5 (United Kingdom), and 194.5 (United States). The users were particularly interested in treatment (19.0 to 41.3%), diet (4.8 to 10.7%), symptoms (2.6 to 13.1%), and causes (3.7 to 10.0%). In all countries except Germany, the number of heartburn-related queries significantly increased over the analyzed period. For Canada, Germany, Poland, and the United Kingdom, query numbers were significantly lowest in summer; there was no significant seasonal trend for Australia and the United States. The number of heartburn-related queries has increased over the past four years, and a seasonal pattern may exist in certain regions. The trends in heartburn-related searches may reflect the scale of the complaint, and should be verified through future epidemiological studies.
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Labiris, G., I. Coertzen, A. Katsikas, A. Karydis, and A. Petounis. "An eight-year study of Internet-based remote medical counselling." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 8, no. 4 (August 1, 2002): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135763302320272194.
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We carried out a prospective study of an Internet-based remote counselling service. A total of 15,456 Internet users visited the Website over eight years. From these, 1500 users were randomly selected for analysis. Medical counselling had been granted to 901 of the people requesting it (60%). One hundred and sixty-four physicians formed project groups to process the requests and responded using email. The distribution of patients using the service was similar to the availability of the Internet: 78% were from the European Union, North America and Australia. Sixty-seven per cent of the patients lived in urban areas and the remainder were residents of remote rural areas with limited local medical coverage. Sixty-five per cent of the requests were about problems of internal medicine and 30% of the requests concerned surgical issues. The remaining 5% of the patients sought information about recent developments, such molecular medicine or aviation medicine. During the project, our portal became inaccessible five times, and counselling was not possible on 44 days. There was no hacking of the Website. Internet-based medical counselling is a helpful addition to conventional practice.
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McCausland, Kahlia, Bruce Maycock, Tama Leaver, Katharina Wolf, Becky Freeman, Katie Thomson, and Jonine Jancey. "E-Cigarette Promotion on Twitter in Australia: Content Analysis of Tweets." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 6, no. 4 (November 5, 2020): e15577. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15577.
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Background The sale of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) containing nicotine is prohibited in all Australian states and territories; yet, the growing availability and convenience of the internet enable the promotion and exposure of e-cigarettes across countries. Social media’s increasing pervasiveness has provided a powerful avenue to market products and influence social norms and risk behaviors. At present, there is no evidence of how e-cigarettes and vaping are promoted on social media in Australia. Objective This study aimed to investigate how e-cigarettes are portrayed and promoted on Twitter through a content analysis of vaping-related tweets containing an image posted and retweeted by Australian users and how the portrayal and promotion have emerged and trended over time. Methods In total, we analyzed 1303 tweets and accompanying images from 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018 collected through the Tracking Infrastructure for Social Media Analysis (TrISMA), a contemporary technical and organizational infrastructure for the tracking of public communication by Australian users of social media, via a list of 15 popular e-cigarette–related terms. Results Despite Australia’s cautious approach toward e-cigarettes and the limited evidence supporting them as an efficacious smoking cessation aid, it is evident that there is a concerted effort by some Twitter users to promote these devices as a health-conducive (91/129, 70.5%), smoking cessation product (266/1303, 20.41%). Further, Twitter is being used in an attempt to circumvent Australian regulation and advocate for a more liberal approach to personal vaporizers (90/1303, 6.90%). A sizeable proportion of posts was dedicated to selling or promoting vape products (347/1303, 26.63%), and 19.95% (260/1303) were found to be business listings. These posts used methods to try and expand their clientele further than immediate followers by touting competitions and giveaways, with those wanting to enter having to perform a sequence of steps such as liking, tagging, and reposting, ultimately exposing the post among the user’s network and to others not necessarily interested in vaping. Conclusions The borderless nature of social media presents a clear challenge for enforcing Article 13 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which requires all ratifying nations to implement a ban on tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship. Countering the advertising and promotion of these products is a public health challenge that will require cross-border cooperation with other World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control parties. Further research aimed at developing strategies to counter the advertising and promotion of e-cigarettes is therefore needed.
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Treiblmaier, Horst, and Sandy Chong. "Trust and Perceived Risk of Personal Information as Antecedents of Online Information Disclosure." Journal of Global Information Management 19, no. 4 (October 2011): 76–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2011100104.
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Individuals have to disclose personal information in order to utilize the manifold options of the Internet. Online users frequently trade data for benefits (privacy calculus). Trust in both the Internet and the vendor has been identified as an important antecedent to disclosing personal information online. The authors introduce the perceived risk of disclosing specific data types as an additional factor in the field of study. The results from a survey in three countries (Austria, Australia, and Hong Kong) show that the perceived risk of disclosing personal information is a stronger stimulus for the intention to provide personal information than having trust in the Internet or in the online vendor. Several significant differences are found in the relationships between the perceived risk of disclosing personal information, trust, and the willingness to disclose personal information.
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Khraim, Hamza Salim. "Internet Motives of Users in Jordan, UAE and KSA: A Cross-Cultural Validation of the Web Motivation Inventory (WMI)." International Journal of Marketing Studies 8, no. 2 (March 28, 2016): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v8n2p138.
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<p>The aim of this study is to replicate the Web Motivation Inventory (WMI) in new context. To date, the scale has only been tested on consumers in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia and South Korea. This research replicates the WMI using consumers from three Arab countries namely Jordan, UAE, and KSA. Results show that the same four-factor structure has been produced for the three countries, providing evidence of the scales cross cultural stability. Additional results show that there were differences in the four motives; research, communicate, surf, and shop in the three countries.</p>
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McCrabb, Sam, Amanda L. Baker, John Attia, Zsolt J. Balogh, Natalie Lott, Kerrin Palazzi, Justine Naylor, et al. "Who is More Likely to Use the Internet for Health Behavior Change? A Cross-Sectional Survey of Internet Use Among Smokers and Nonsmokers Who Are Orthopedic Trauma Patients." JMIR Mental Health 4, no. 2 (May 30, 2017): e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.7435.
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Background eHealth presents opportunities to provide population groups with accessible health interventions, although knowledge about Internet access, peoples’ interest in using the Internet for health, and users’ characteristics are required prior to eHealth program development. Objective This study surveyed hospital patients to examine rates of Internet use, interest in using the Internet for health, and respondent characteristics related to Internet use and interest in using the Internet for health. For patients who smoke, preferences for types of smoking cessation programs for use at home and while in hospital were also examined. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was used to survey 819 orthopedic trauma patients (response rate: 72.61%, 819/1128) from two public hospitals in New South Wales, Australia. Logistic regressions were used to examine associations between variables. Results A total of 72.7% (574/790) of respondents had at least weekly Internet access and more than half (56.6%, 357/631) reported interest in using the Internet for health. Odds of at least weekly Internet usage were higher if the individual was born overseas (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.27-3.82, P=.005), had a tertiary education (OR 3.75, 95% CI 2.41-5.84, P<.001), or was a nonsmoker (OR 3.75, 95% CI 2.41-5.84, P<.001). Interest in using the Internet for health increased with high school (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.09-3.15, P=.02) or tertiary education (OR 2.48, 95% CI 1.66-3.70, P<.001), and if household incomes were more than AUS $100,000 (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.25-4.97, P=.009). Older individuals were less interested in using the Internet for health (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99, P<.001). Conclusions Online interventions may be a potential tool for health care in this hospitalized population. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12614001147673; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=366829&isReview=true (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6qg26u3En)
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Robinson, Anske, and Simon Cooper. "Trusted Information Sources: The Preferred Option for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Users." Complementary health practice review 12, no. 2 (April 2007): 120–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210107302776.
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The objective of this article is to explore complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) users' reliance on health service providers, different forms of media, and interpersonal contacts for their health-needs information. To explore this information, a survey was posted to a random sample of 1,308 people in five rural and two metropolitan localities in Victoria, Australia. The response rate was 40% ( n = 459). The overall current CAM use was 52% and lifetime use was 85%. We found that the CAM users obtained most of their health needs information from doctors and CAM practitioners, whereas the Internet and health food shops served as the least useful sources of information. The respondents who used the modalities we labeled as natural remedy modalities accessed the most health information. The study results show that although conventional medicine may question some types of health care information that forms the basis of respondents' decision making, their health care decisions are nevertheless informed decisions.
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Hogarth-Scott, Piers. "The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming the oil and gas industry – reducing cost, improving operational efficiency, increasing safety and helping tap into new markets." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16087.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) and its forecast 50 billion+ devices will transform industries with an estimated $11+ trillion annual impact to the global economy by 2025. In that same period, Australia has the opportunity to derive up to $116 billion in annual economic value from IoT. The IoT is taking the internet into everything that impacts our lives – from engineering to health, infrastructure, agriculture, mining and more. It is the future of digital connectivity, data accumulation and system efficiencies, but implementation requires sound strategy with a balance between innovation, opportunity and risk. KPMG views IoT as an opportunity for Australian technology companies, industries and entrepreneurs to be leaders in the development and execution of innovative IoT applications. The potential economic, social and environmental benefits from effective IoT solutions are vast. However, IoT developments must focus on security, privacy and trust, to ensure the safety of the IoT ecosystem and its users. The oil and gas industry have in many ways been leaders in the industrial IoT, recognising that innovation in IoT can reduce cost, improve operational efficiency, increase safety and help tap into new markets. However, to unlock the full economic opportunity presented by IoT, interoperability of technologies is essential. This paper explores IoT interoperability with a particular focus on Hypercat BSI PAS212:2016.
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Lim, Tania, Terence Lee, and Weiyu Zhang. "Editorial and Critical Reflections on the future of identity moments and social media in China and beyond." Global Media and China 5, no. 3 (September 2020): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436420939322.
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This Special Issue of Global Media and China responds in part to Stuart Hall’s famous 1996 invocation, ‘Who needs identity?’ – to study ‘specific enunciative strategies’ utilized within ‘specific modalities of power’ so as to consider identity discourses of the present and of the future. This issue draws upon empirical observations presented and debated at the 2019 Chinese Internet Research Conference held in Singapore in May 2019, as well as theoretical contributions in identity politics and social media, the chosen site or ‘modality of power’. This editorial and critical essay reflects upon, complemented and supported by the papers in this issue, the critical and conceptual frameworks that are emerging to critique the global and local complexities, diversity and dynamics resulting from the deeper integration of social media into the everyday lives of Chinese Internet users. It presents an overview of the 2019 Chinese Internet Research Conference proceedings in terms of how social media is used to wrap personal politics into a widening range of identity groupings around gender, class, citizens, pop culture and religion in ways that signal the future of newer forms of identity politics among Internet users in China. Since social media posts and exchanges, while geographically sourced and situated, often transcend their boundaries, the arguments presented here goes beyond China and are global. The shareability of identity mediated by individual, state and public discourses on social and ‘anti-social’ media during the COVID-19 pandemic within China, Singapore and Australia leads to novel ways of understanding identity politics in globalizing China and strategic uses of Chinese identity.
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Garber, Charles A., and Kristof Kovacs. "The Birth of the Microscopy Advantage™ CD." Microscopy Today 8, no. 5 (June 2000): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500065202.
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In North America, one could very easily get a distorted view of the rest of the world when it comes to internet access. in the USA and Canada, one can stay connected continually, without regard to cost. And the connections tend to be fast and convenient.But this is not the case in most of the rest of the world. While there are some notable exceptions, Australia and Israel for example, many in the international microscopy and microanalysis community have to struggle with connections that are either very slow, or very expensive, or both, in fact, in many parts of the world, internet content is routinely not with the benefit of graphics. This is really a great disadvantage since, in many instances, the real important information is contained within the graphics. Even in the USA and Canada, because of firewall considerations or other concerns, a surprisingly large number of end users do not have internet access at their main workstations, and they have to suffer the inconvenience of using some kind of shared resource, either “down the hall” or worse yet, in another building.
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Long, Jane. "‘Be [Net] Alert, but Not Alarmed’? Regulating the Parents of Generation MSN." Media International Australia 114, no. 1 (February 2005): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0511400114.
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The proliferation of net safety discourses in recent years in Australia, the United States and the United Kingdom situate the parent at the centre of the family home as the monitor and protector of children and teenagers — Generation MSN — while they ideally acquire skills to become responsible net citizens. This paper considers such discourses to analyse their gendered nature, their underlying assumptions about teenage users and their models of ‘globalised’ parenting. It argues that, in the drive to create and regulate a ‘safe’ internet for young people, such discourses actively produce a new version, for the twenty-first century, of the good parent — for which should be read ‘monitoring mum’.
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Tucker, Mark, and Christine Jubb. "Bank and product selection – an Australian student perspective." International Journal of Bank Marketing 36, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 126–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-10-2016-0151.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate and comment on the factors used by Australian students to select their bank and the products and services they utilise, based on responses to an online questionnaire. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods, was used to investigate this research issue. Convenience sampling resulted in 276 completed online responses. Mean ranking and factor analysis methods were employed to identify the key factors used in selecting a bank and frequency analysis used to examine the products and services utilised by students. Findings The key factors used by students to select a bank in Australia were bank competence, recommendations and outside influences, bank costs, returns and services, and finally location. The main bank products and services used by students were automated teller machines (ATMs), savings accounts, internet and telephone banking, and debit cards. Research limitations/implications The use of an online survey which limits the pool of respondents to internet users and, the sample size limits generalisability of the findings. Practical implications Banks can better target and understand the key determinants used by students in selecting a bank and the products and services this group values. This will allow Australian banks to develop programs to better attract and retain student customers. Originality/value Provides insight to and understanding of the determinants used by students to select their bank and the products and services they utilise. Furthermore, this study fills a gap in the literature by focusing on the banking behaviour of Australian students, an important segment of bank customers previously under-researched.
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Greenstock, Louise, Robyn Woodward-Kron, Catriona Fraser, Amie Bingham, Lucio Naccarella, Kristine Elliott, and Michal Morris. "Telecommunications as a means to access health information: an exploratory study of migrants in Australia." Journal of Public Health Research 1, no. 3 (October 31, 2012): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2012.e34.
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<em>Background</em>. Health policies increasingly promote e-health developments (e.g., consumers’ access to online health information) to engage patients in the health care. In order to make these developments available for culturally and socially diverse communities, not only do Internet accessibility, literacy and e-health literacy need to be taken into account, but consumers’ preferences and information seeking behaviours for accessing health information have also to be understood. These considerations are crucial when designing major new health policy directions, especially for migration destination countries with culturally diverse populations, such as Australia. The aim of this study was to examine how people from a culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) community use telecommunications (phone, mobile, Internet) to access health information. <em>Design and Methods</em>. A case study was conducted using a questionnaire exploring the use of telecommunications to access health information among CALD people. The study was carried out at a community health centre in a socially and economically disadvantaged area of Melbourne, a city of 4 million people with a large CALD and migrant population. Questionnaires were translated into three languages and interpreters were provided. Fifty-nine questionnaires were completed by users of the community health centre. <em>Results</em>. Most of the CALD participants did not have access to the Internet at home and very few reported using telecommunications to access health information. <em>Conclusions</em>. The findings of the study suggest that telecommunications are not necessarily perceived to be an important channel for accessing health information by members of the CALD community.
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Zang, Jiexin. "Information Privacy, Data Surveillance and Security--How Aus-tralian Privacy Law Fully Plays Its Role in the Age of Big Data." Journal of Educational Theory and Management 3, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/jetm.v3i1.1168.
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Privacy and the protection of privacy is a common topic studied by many scholars. From the very beginning of human culture, people have personal privacy, which is not willing for them to be unveiled by others. With the development of information technology, especially the internet, knowledge and information are dealt by internet users in conscious or unconscious way, and personal information has been rapidly and quickly distributed and disseminated all over the world. Personal data can be collected by hackers or interlinks from the website, internet not only provides people an era with internet links, but also an age with information collections, a big data age. With the background of big data, this essay tries to put forward the correlative relationship between the protection of information privacy and the privacy law in Australia. It first has an overview of the concepts of information privacy and data surveillance under the background of big data, then highlights the importance of data security in the age of big data; with a literature review on the development of Australian privacy acts, it further claims that privacy acts or regulations by the federal or states provided strong support for the protection of personal data. Then relationship between the protection information privacy and the need of judicial guarantee is further studied for thorough methods or regimes in data protection. With these points studied, this essay aims to highlight the importance of data protection and information privacy. On the other hand, it aims to provide awareness for readers the vital role privacy laws can play in the protection of people’s personal information and emphases the importance of a continuous evolution for privacy law system in the age of big data.
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Martin, Bill, and Xuemei Tian. "Digitization and Publishing in Australia: A Recent Snapshot." Logos 21, no. 1-2 (2010): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/095796510x546922.
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AbstractIn a government-funded research project into the implications of digitization for book publishing in Australia, the researchers tested for the presence of global issues and trends. With a focus specifically upon book publishing to the exclusion of newspaper and journal publishing these included: revenue trends; competition; outsourcing; potential benefits of digital publishing; critical success factors for digital publishing; supply chain issues; value chain issues, business models and expectations for the future. An online survey and follow-up interviews found that technologies such the Internet and the World Wide Web, along with those for production and rights management were playing a significant role in book publishing. However, the major focus among book publishers was on business and organizational issues. There was widespread realization of the need to respond to competition from inside and outside the industry, including competition for the leisure time of users, with direct implications for value chains and business models. Key organizational changes identified included changes in structures and strategies, in human resource practices, and in cultures. The main benefits anticipated from digital technologies were in the areas of new niche markets, repackaging and repurposing of existing content, consumer-generated content and the enhancement of value chains. It is therefore, imprudent to only consider the impact of emerging technology as the fundamental in the ongoing development of digitization in book publishing, as other considerations such as demographics, social and economic factors are also essential ingredients.
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McBride, Grace M., Robyn Stevenson, Gabriella Zizzo, Alice R. Rumbold, Lisa H. Amir, Amy K. Keir, and Luke E. Grzeskowiak. "Use and experiences of galactagogues while breastfeeding among Australian women." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): e0254049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254049.
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Background Galactagogues are substances thought to increase breast milk production, however evidence to support their efficacy and safety remain limited. We undertook a survey among Australian women to examine patterns of use of galactagogues and perceptions regarding their safety and effectiveness. Methods An online, cross-sectional survey was distributed between September and December 2019 via national breastfeeding and preterm birth support organisations, and networks of several research institutions in Australia. Women were eligible to participate if they lived in Australia and were currently/previously breastfeeding. The survey included questions about galactagogue use (including duration and timing), side effects and perceived effectiveness (on a scale of 1 [Not at all effective] to 5 [Extremely effective]). Results Among 1876 respondents, 1120 (60%) reported using one or more galactagogues. Women were 31.5 ± 4.8 years (mean ± standard deviation) at their most recent birth. Sixty-five percent of women were currently breastfeeding at the time of the survey. The most commonly reported galactagogues included lactation cookies (47%), brewer’s yeast (32%), fenugreek (22%) and domperidone (19%). The mean duration of use for each galactagogue ranged from 2 to 20 weeks. Approximately 1 in 6 women reported commencing galactagogues within the first week postpartum. Most women reported receiving recommendations to use herbal/dietary galactagogues from the internet (38%) or friends (25%), whereas pharmaceutical galactagogues were most commonly prescribed by General Practitioners (72%). The perceived effectiveness varied greatly across galactagogues. Perceived effectiveness was highest for domperidone (mean rating of 3.3 compared with 2.0 to 3.0 among other galactagogues). Over 23% of domperidone users reported experiencing multiple side effects, compared to an average of 3% of women taking herbal galactagogues. Conclusions This survey demonstrates that galactagogues use is common in Australia. Further research is needed to generate robust evidence about galactagogues’ efficacy and safety to support evidence-based strategies and improve breastfeeding outcomes.
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Kramer, Adam, and Cindy Chung. "Dimensions of Self-Expression in Facebook Status Updates." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 5, no. 1 (August 3, 2021): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v5i1.14140.
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We describe the dimensions along which Facebook users tend to express themselves via status updates using the semi-automated text analysis approach, the Meaning Extraction Method (MEM). First, we examined dimensions of self-expression in all status updates from a sample of four million Facebook users from four English-speaking countries (the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia) in order to examine how these countries vary in their self-expressions. All four countries showed a basic three-component structure, indicating that the medium is a stronger influence than country characteristics or demographics on how people use Facebook status updates. In each country, people vary in terms of the extent to which they use Informal Speech, share Positive Events, and discuss School in their Facebook status updates. Together, these factors tell us how users differ in their self-expression, and thus illustrate meaningful use cases for the product: Talking about what’s going on tends to be positive, and people vary in terms of the extent to which their status updates are short, slangy emotional expressions and topics regarding school. The specific words that define these factors showed subtle differences across countries: The use of profanity indicates fewer school words (but only in Australia), whereas the UK shows greater use of slang terms (rather than profanity) when speaking informally. The MEM also identified English-language dialects as a meaningful dimension along which the countries varied. In sum, beyond simply indicating topicality of posts, this study provides insight into how status updates are used for self-expression. We discuss several theoretical frameworks that could produce these results, and more broadly discuss the generation of theoretical frameworks from wholly empirical data (such as naturalistic Internet speech) using the MEM.
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Treiblmaier, Horst, Larry Neale, and Sandy Chong. "The Web Site and Brand Trust as Antecedents of Online Loyalty." International Journal of Online Marketing 1, no. 2 (April 2011): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijom.2011040102.
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As online business thrives, a company’s Web presence holds enormous importance as a source of information, entertainment, and customer service for Internet users. Besides being user-friendly, a Web site should offer interesting and enjoyable content to attract online visitors in an ever-changing multimedia environment. Companies that operate globally must know how cultural differences influence the way potential customers perceive their sites. This paper presents a model that highlights the importance of ease of use, enjoyment, content, and brand trust for Web site loyalty. The model is subsequently tested in four countries: Australia, Japan, Mongolia, and the USA. The results show that perceptual differences exist: while ease of use is crucial for Web site loyalty in all four countries, the importance of content, perceived enjoyment, and brand trust varies across different cultures.
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Saar, Eva, Lyndal Bugeja, and David L. Ranson. "National Coronial Information System: Epidemiology and the Coroner in Australia." Academic Forensic Pathology 7, no. 4 (December 2017): 582–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.23907/2017.049.
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The National Coronial Information System (NCIS) is the world's first national Internet-based database of coronial information. It was established in Australia following the recognition by coroners that their mandate for public health and safety could be improved if they could identify previous similar deaths. The NCIS is funded from state, territory, and commonwealth government agencies and overseen by the NCIS Board of Management. A team of ten staff manage the day-to-day operation of the system. The NCIS enables the rapid identification of up-to-date information on deaths investigated by the coroners' jurisdictions in Australia (from July 2000) and New Zealand (from July 2007). It is accessible to death investigators (coroners; forensic, medical, and scientific staff; and police) to assist with death investigation and approved third parties (e.g., researchers). The NCIS contains demographic information about the deceased, contextual information about the circumstances in which the death occurred, the cause and manner of death, and four full text reports generated during the investigation. The NCIS contains information on over 328 000 completed coroners' death investigations across Australia and New Zealand. Approximately 350 death investigators are registered to access the data for their ongoing death investigations, and 235 third party users are registered to utilize the data set in their research. In addition to the utility of the NCIS, this paper describes the rationale and governance structure of the NCIS, the information technology infrastructure, data set, quality assurance framework, and contribution to death and injury prevention.
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Tucker, Mark, Christine Jubb, and Chee Jin Yap. "The theory of planned behaviour and student banking in Australia." International Journal of Bank Marketing 38, no. 1 (July 18, 2019): 113–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-11-2018-0324.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which the three constructs associated with the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) can explain student banking intentions and assist in understanding their bank satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach This research issue was investigated using a mixed methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods. Convenience sampling was used. Factor analysis and logistic regression were used to ascertain the relevance of the TPB in explaining student banking intentions. Findings Using factor analysis, perceived behavioural control was shown to be the key determinant in explaining student banking intentions. Using a logistic regression, the TPB was shown to have strong application in predicting customer satisfaction with all three of its constructs significant, but weaker application for predicting the likelihood of a bank switch, with subjective norms and attitude significant, and even less for the likelihood of recommending the bank to a friend, with only perceived behavioural control significant. Research limitations/implications The use of an online survey which limits the pool of respondents to internet users, together with the sample size, limit the generalisability of findings. Practical implications Banks can better target and understand the drivers that influence both student banking intentions and customer satisfaction. This knowledge will allow banks to better attract and retain student customers. Originality/value Provides insight to and a better understanding of how the TPB can explain and predict student banking intentions. This study fills a gap in the literature by concentrating on student banking behaviour in Australia, a substantial segment of bank customers that has received little research.
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Skaczkowski, Gemma, Shannen van der Kruk, Sophie Loxton, Donna Hughes-Barton, Cate Howell, Deborah Turnbull, Neil Jensen, Matthew Smout, and Kate Gunn. "Web-Based Interventions to Help Australian Adults Address Depression, Anxiety, Suicidal Ideation, and General Mental Well-being: Scoping Review." JMIR Mental Health 9, no. 2 (February 8, 2022): e31018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/31018.
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Background A large number of Australians experience mental health challenges at some point in their lives. However, in many parts of Australia, the wait times to see general practitioners and mental health professionals can be lengthy. With increasing internet use across Australia, web-based interventions may help increase access to timely mental health care. As a result, this is an area of increasing research interest, and the number of publicly available web-based interventions is growing. However, it can be confusing for clinicians and consumers to know the resources that are evidence-based and best meet their needs. Objective This study aims to scope out the range of web-based mental health interventions that address depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, or general mental well-being and are freely available to Australian adults, along with their impact, acceptability, therapeutic approach, and key features. Methods The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR [PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews]) guided the review process. Keywords for the search were depression, anxiety, suicide, and well-being. The search was conducted using Google as well as the key intervention databases Beacon, Head to Health, and e-Mental Health in Practice. Interventions were deemed eligible if they targeted depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, or general mental well-being (eg, resilience) in adults; and were web-based, written in English, interactive, free, and publicly available. They also had to be guided by an evidence-based therapeutic approach. Results Overall, 52 eligible programs were identified, of which 9 (17%) addressed depression, 15 (29%) addressed anxiety, 13 (25%) addressed general mental well-being, and 13 (25%) addressed multiple issues. Only 4% (2/52) addressed distress in the form of suicidal ideation. The most common therapeutic approach was cognitive behavioral therapy. Half of the programs guided users through exercises in a set sequence, and most programs enabled users to log in and complete the activities on their own without professional support. Just over half of the programs had been evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing symptoms, and 11% (6/52) were being evaluated at the time of writing. Program evaluation scores ranged from 44% to 100%, with a total average score of 85%. Conclusions There are numerous web-based programs for depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and general well-being, which are freely and publicly available in Australia. However, identified gaps include a lack of available web-based interventions for culturally and linguistically diverse populations and programs that use newer therapeutic approaches such as acceptance and commitment therapy and dialectical behavior therapy. Despite most programs included in this review being of good quality, clinicians and consumers should pay careful attention when selecting which program to recommend and use, as variations in the levels of acceptability and impact of publicly available programs do exist.
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Gunn, Chris, Matthew Hutchins, and Matt Adcock. "Combating Latency in Haptic Collaborative Virtual Environments." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 14, no. 3 (June 2005): 313–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474605323384663.
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Haptic (force) feedback is increasingly being used in surgical-training simulators. The addition of “touch” is important extra information that can add another dimension to the realism of the experience. Progress in networking these systems together over long distances has been held back, principally because the latency of the network can induce severe instability in any dynamic objects in the scene. This paper describes techniques allowing long-distance sharing of haptic-enabled, dynamic scenes. At the CSIRO Virtual Environments Laboratory, we have successfully used this system to connect a prototype of a surgical-simulation application between participants on opposite sides of the world in Sweden and Australia, over a standard Internet connection spanning 3 continents and 2 oceans. The users were able to simultaneously manipulate pliable objects in a shared workspace, as well as guide each other's “hands” (and shake hands!) over 22,000 km (13620 miles) of Internet connection. The main obstacle to overcome was the latency-induced instability in the system, caused by the delays and jitter inherent in the network. Our system involved a combination of an event-collection mechanism, a network event-forwarding mechanism and a “pseudophysics” mechanism. We found that the resulting behavior of the interconnected body organs, under simultaneous-user manipulation, was sufficiently convincing to be considered for training surgical procedures.
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Buchanan, Rachel, Erica Southgate, Shamus P. Smith, Tiana Murray, and Brittany Noble. "Post no photos, leave no trace: Children’s digital footprint management strategies." E-Learning and Digital Media 14, no. 5 (September 2017): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2042753017751711.
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Given that today’s children are prolific users of the internet, concern has been raised about the future impact of the digital footprints they are currently generating. Here, we report on the Best Footprint Forward project which utilised focus groups to investigate the digital footprint awareness of 33 children (ranging in age from 10 to 12 years old) from three primary schools in regional Australia. The children were very aware of their digital footprints and cyber safety but had little awareness of the positive potential of digital footprints. Instead, they exercised their agency through the use of strategies to minimise their digital footprint. We offer an alternative perspective to the dominant discourse that insists that a digital footprint is primarily a liability and seek to counter the positioning of children as naïve, passive consumers of digital culture. We conclude that 10–12 years old is an appropriate age to begin to educate for positive digital footprint curation as this would build on children’s demonstrated knowledge of cyber safety and supplement their existing digital footprint management strategies with beneficial alternatives.
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Birt, Jacqueline L., Kala Muthusamy, and Poonam Bir. "XBRL and the qualitative characteristics of useful financial information." Accounting Research Journal 30, no. 01 (May 2, 2017): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-11-2014-0105.
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Purpose eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is an internet-based interactive form of reporting language that is expected to enhance the usefulness of financial reporting (Yuan and Wang, 2009). In the UK and the USA, XBRL is mandatory, and in Australia, it is voluntarily adopted. It has been reported that in the not too distant future, XBRL will be the standard format for the preparation and exchange of business reports (Gettler, 2015). Using an experimental approach, this study assesses the usefulness of financial reports with XBRL tagged information compared to PDF format information for non-professional investors. The authors investigate participants’ perceptions of usefulness in relation to the qualitative characteristics of relevance, understandability and comparability. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses an experimental approach featuring a profit-forecasting task to determine if participants perceive XBRL-tagged information to be more useful compared to PDF-formatted information. Findings Results reveal that financial information presented with XBRL tagging is significantly more relevant, understandable and comparable to non-professional investors. Originality/value The authors address a gap in the literature by examining XBRL usefulness in Australia where XBRL adoption will be mandated within the not too distant future. Currently, the voluntary adoption of XBRL by preparers and users is low, possibly, because of a lack of awareness about XBRL and its potential benefits. This study yields significant implications for the accounting regulators in creating more awareness on the benefits of using XBRL and to create an impetus for XBRL adoption.
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Atlas, Alvin, Steve Milanese, Karen Grimmer, Sarah Barras, and Jacqueline H. Stephens. "Sources of information used by patients prior to elective surgery: a scoping review." BMJ Open 9, no. 8 (August 2019): e023080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023080.
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ObjectiveTo describe the range and nature of available research regarding sources of information that patients access to inform their decisions about elective surgery.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesPeer-reviewed studies published until February 2019 from the six scientific literature databases were searched and included in the study: Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, EMBASE and SCOPUS. Web searches for grey literature were conducted in Google, South Australia Department of Health, Commonwealth Department of Health (Australia) and My Aged Care from the Department of Social Services (Australia).Eligibility criteriaStudies with a focus on elective surgery information sources oriented to patients were eligible for inclusion. Only studies written in English were sought and no publication date or study restrictions were applied.Data extraction and synthesisIncluded literature was described by National Health and Medical Council hierarchy of evidence, and data were extracted on country and year of publication, type of literature, who provided it and any information on end users. Information sources were categorised by type and how information was presented.ResultsA pool of 1039 articles was reduced to 26 after screening for duplicates and non-relevant studies. Face-to-face exchanges were the most likely source of information prior to elective surgery (59.3%), printed information (55.6%) followed by e-learning (51.9%) and multimedia (14.8%). The face-to-face category included information provided by the physician/general practitioners/specialists, and family and friends. Printed information included brochures and pamphlets, e-learning consisted of internet sites or videos and the use of multimedia included different mixed media format.ConclusionThere is considerable variability regarding the types of information patients use in their decision to undergo elective surgery. The most common source of health information (face-to-face interaction with medical personnel) raises the question that the information provided could be incomplete and/or biased, and dependent on what their health provider knew or chose to tell them.
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Cheek, Colleen, Theresa Fleming, Mathijs FG Lucassen, Heather Bridgman, Karolina Stasiak, Matthew Shepherd, and Peter Orpin. "Integrating Health Behavior Theory and Design Elements in Serious Games." JMIR Mental Health 2, no. 2 (April 21, 2015): e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.4133.
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Background Internet interventions for improving health and well-being have the potential to reach many people and fill gaps in service provision. Serious gaming interfaces provide opportunities to optimize user adherence and impact. Health interventions based in theory and evidence and tailored to psychological constructs have been found to be more effective to promote behavior change. Defining the design elements which engage users and help them to meet their goals can contribute to better informed serious games. Objective To elucidate design elements important in SPARX, a serious game for adolescents with depression, from a user-centered perspective. Methods We proposed a model based on an established theory of health behavior change and practical features of serious game design to organize ideas and rationale. We analyzed data from 5 studies comprising a total of 22 focus groups and 66 semistructured interviews conducted with youth and families in New Zealand and Australia who had viewed or used SPARX. User perceptions of the game were applied to this framework. Results A coherent framework was established using the three constructs of self-determination theory (SDT), autonomy, competence, and relatedness, to organize user perceptions and design elements within four areas important in design: computer game, accessibility, working alliance, and learning in immersion. User perceptions mapped well to the framework, which may assist developers in understanding the context of user needs. By mapping these elements against the constructs of SDT, we were able to propose a sound theoretical base for the model. Conclusions This study’s method allowed for the articulation of design elements in a serious game from a user-centered perspective within a coherent overarching framework. The framework can be used to deliberately incorporate serious game design elements that support a user’s sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, key constructs which have been found to mediate motivation at all stages of the change process. The resulting model introduces promising avenues for future exploration. Involving users in program design remains an imperative if serious games are to be fit for purpose.
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Barratt, Monica J., Jason A. Ferris, Renee Zahnow, Joseph J. Palamar, Larissa J. Maier, and Adam R. Winstock. "Moving on From Representativeness: Testing the Utility of the Global Drug Survey." Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 11 (January 1, 2017): 117822181771639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178221817716391.
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A decline in response rates in traditional household surveys, combined with increased internet coverage and decreased research budgets, has resulted in increased attractiveness of web survey research designs based on purposive and voluntary opt-in sampling strategies. In the study of hidden or stigmatised behaviours, such as cannabis use, web survey methods are increasingly common. However, opt-in web surveys are often heavily criticised due to their lack of sampling frame and unknown representativeness. In this article, we outline the current state of the debate about the relevance of pursuing representativeness, the state of probability sampling methods, and the utility of non-probability, web survey methods especially for accessing hidden or minority populations. Our article has two aims: (1) to present a comprehensive description of the methodology we use at Global Drug Survey (GDS), an annual cross-sectional web survey and (2) to compare the age and sex distributions of cannabis users who voluntarily completed (a) a household survey or (b) a large web-based purposive survey (GDS), across three countries: Australia, the United States, and Switzerland. We find that within each set of country comparisons, the demographic distributions among recent cannabis users are broadly similar, demonstrating that the age and sex distributions of those who volunteer to be surveyed are not vastly different between these non-probability and probability methods. We conclude that opt-in web surveys of hard-to-reach populations are an efficient way of gaining in-depth understanding of stigmatised behaviours and are appropriate, as long as they are not used to estimate drug use prevalence of the general population.
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Maksymenko, A. I. "DISTANCE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES OF POSTGRADUATE DENTAL EDUCATION SYSTEM." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 21, no. 2 (June 17, 2021): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.21.2.199.
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The implementation of distance learning is carried out with the help of modern systems of distance education. They allow to teach and to assess the knowledge of interns and doctors quickly and easily, regardless of their location. The aim of the study. A comparative review of the most well-known distance learning platforms, wich are designed to organize the learning process and control learning with the help of Internet technology. System of distance education is a virtual classroom with the possibility to train interns and doctors from different regions of Ukraine at the same time. There are many educational platforms for distance learning nowadays, such as Moodle (Australia), iSpring Learn LMS (Russia), Collaborator (Ukraine), eTutorium LMS (Ukraine), Opigno (Belgium), Atutor (Canada). Moodle is a free platform that allows users to create individual courses. It supports more than 100 languages. iSpring Learn LMS is a simple and user-friendly system that is a paid alternative to Moodle. Collaborator is a platform that works effectively on all modern devices and browsers and is virtually independent of the software of the user's device. eTutorium LMS is a virtual distance learning system that allows to create an online course of any complexity quickly. Opigno is a modern free distance education system based on Drupal (a popular content management system). Atutor, like Moodle, is an open web-based e-learning system. Conclusion. Distance learning systems differ not only functionally, but also in the way they solve problems. The simplicity of use of the platform depends on the degree of its adaptation to the needs of the user and the ability to use all existing features and functions of the system.
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Leech, Teghan, Diana S. Dorstyn, and Wenjing Li. "eMental health service use among Australian youth: a cross-sectional survey framed by Andersen's model." Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19095.
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ObjectiveYoung adults aged 18–24 years often delay or avoid seeking help for their mental health concerns. eMental health, the use of the Internet to deliver mental health information, services and care, offers a low-cost, easy-access option. However the factors that influence online help-seeking among this cohort remain unclear. MethodsAndersen’s healthcare utilisation model was adapted to examine correlates of eMental health use among Australian youth. In all, 161 young adults completed an online survey comprising sociodemographic questions, online feature preferences, the Actual and General Help-seeking Questionnaires, Berkman–Syme Social Network Index, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Service Obstacles Scale and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales. ResultsAlmost 70% of young people reported having previously accessed some form of online support for their personal or emotional problems. This included informal information via social media and formalised counselling services. Notably, perception of service satisfaction was low. Hierarchical logistical regression identified two significant predisposing factors to subsequent online help-seeking: prior face-to-face service use and living or cohabitating with others. ConclusionseMental health is accessed by young people in Australia, yet more needs to be done to better integrate this service model into the healthcare system. This includes training and education for consumers and professionals about existing, effective programs. What is known about this topic?eMental health platforms can bridge the gap between technology and conventional mental health care. Despite its rapidly expanding evidence base, the implementation of eMental health into the Australian healthcare system remains slow. More work needs to be done to elucidate the factors underlying preferences for online help-seeking. What does this paper add?Young adult perspectives on the delivery of mental health information, services and care via the Internet are examined in accordance with a major conceptual model, namely Andersen’s behavioural model of health services use. The majority of those surveyed reported having accessed some form of online support for an emotional issue, although dissatisfaction with the quality of this support was expressed. Andersen’s model can guide future research in this area and potentially help target eMental health initiatives to individual service users’ needs. What are the implications for practitioners?eMental health interventions offer an alternative for young adults who have difficulty accessing traditional mental health care services, but are also an adjunct to those experiencing mild to moderate symptoms of mental illness. Practitioners can introduce young adults to eMental health by discussing the benefits and limitations and by providing information about available and secure online programs delivered by trusted service providers.
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Gunn, Kate M., Gemma Skaczkowski, James Dollman, Andrew D. Vincent, Camille E. Short, Susan Brumby, Alison Barrett, Nathan Harrison, and Deborah Turnbull. "Combining Farmers’ Preferences With Evidence-Based Strategies to Prevent and Lower Farmers’ Distress: Co-design and Acceptability Testing of ifarmwell." JMIR Human Factors 9, no. 1 (January 11, 2022): e27631. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/27631.
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Background Farming is physically and psychologically hazardous. Farmers face many barriers to help seeking from traditional physical and mental health services; however, improved internet access now provides promising avenues for offering support. Objective This study aims to co-design with farmers the content and functionality of a website that helps them adopt transferable coping strategies and test its acceptability in the broader farming population. Methods Research evidence and expert opinions were synthesized to inform key design principles. A total of 18 farmers detailed what they would like from this type of website. Intervention logic and relevant evidence-based strategies were mapped. Website content was drafted and reviewed by 2 independent mental health professionals. A total of 9 farmers provided detailed qualitative feedback on the face validity of the draft content. Subsequently, 9 farmers provided feedback on the website prototype. Following amendments and internal prototype testing and optimization, prototype usability (ie, completion rate) was examined with 157 registered website users who were (105/157, 66.9%) female, aged 21-73 years; 95.5% (149/156) residing in inner regional to very remote Australia, and 68.2% (107/157) “sheep, cattle and/or grain farmers.” Acceptability was examined with a subset of 114 users who rated at least module 1. Interviews with 108 farmers who did not complete all 5 modules helped determine why, and detailed interviews were conducted with 18 purposively sampled users. Updates were then made according to adaptive trial design methodology. Results This systematic co-design process resulted in a web-based resource based on acceptance and commitment therapy and designed to overcome barriers to engagement with traditional mental health and well-being strategies—ifarmwell. It was considered an accessible and confidential source of practical and relevant farmer-focused self-help strategies. These strategies were delivered via 5 interactive modules that include written, drawn, and audio- and video-based psychoeducation and exercises, as well as farming-related jokes, metaphors, examples, and imagery. Module 1 included distress screening and information on how to speak to general practitioners about mental health–related concerns (including a personalized conversation script). Modules were completed fortnightly. SMS text messages offered personalized support and reminders. Qualitative interviews and star ratings demonstrated high module acceptability (average 4.06/5 rating) and suggested that additional reminders, higher quality audio recordings, and shorter modules would be useful. Approximately 37.1% (52/140) of users who started module 1 completed all modules, with too busy or not got to it yet being the main reason for non-completion, and previous module acceptability not predicting subsequent module completion. Conclusions Sequential integration of research evidence, expert knowledge, and farmers’ preferences in the co-design process allowed for the development of a self-help intervention that focused on important intervention targets and was acceptable to this difficult-to-engage group. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12617000506392; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=372526
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Hodeghatta, Umesh Rao, and Sangeeta Sahney. "Understanding Twitter as an e-WOM." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 18, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-12-2014-0074.
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Purpose – This paper aims to research as to how Twitter is influential as an electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) communication tool and thereby affecting movie market. In present days, social media is playing an important role in connecting people around the globe. The technology has provided a platform in the social media space for people to share their experiences through text, photos and videos. Twitter is one such online social networking media that enables its users to send and read text-based messages of up to 140 characters, known as “tweets”. Twitter has nearly 200 million users and billions of such tweets are generated by users every other day. Social media micro-blogging broadcasting networks such as Twitter are transforming the way e-WOM is disseminated and consumed in the digital world. Twitter social behaviour for the Hollywood movies has been assessed across seven countries to validate the two basic blocks of the honeycomb model – sharing and conversation. Twitter behaviour was studied for 27 movies in 22 different cities of seven countries and for six genres with a total tweets of 9.28 million. The difference of Twitter social media behaviour was compared across countries, and “sharing” and “conversation” as two building blocks of the honeycomb model were studied. t-Test results revealed that the behaviour is different across countries and across genres. Design/methodology/approach – The objective of the paper is to analyse Twitter messages on an entertainment product (movies) across different regions of the world. Hollywood movies are released across different parts of the world, and Twitter users are also in different parts of the world. The objective is to hence validate “conversation” and “sharing” building blocks of the honeycomb model. The research is confined to analysing Twitter data related to a few Hollywood movies. The tweets were collected across nine different cities spanning four different countries where English language is prominent. To understand the Twitter social media behaviour, a crawler application using Python and Java was developed to collect tweets of Hollywood movies from the Twitter database. The application has incorporated Twitter application programming interfaces (APIs) to access the Twitter database to extract tweets according to movies search queries across different parts of the world. The searching, collecting and analysing of the tweets is a rather challenging task because of various reasons. The tweets are stored in a Twitter corpus and can be accessed by the public using APIs. To understand whether tweets vary from one country to another, the analysis of variance test was conducted. To assess whether Twitter behaviour is different, and to compare the behaviour across countries, t-tests were conducted taking two countries at a time. The comparisons were made across all the six genres. In this way, an attempt was made to obtain a microscopic view of the Twitter behaviour for each of the seven countries and the six genres. Findings – The findings show that the people use social media across the world. Nearly 9.28 million tweets were from seven countries, namely, USA, UK, Canada, South Africa, Australia, India and New Zealand for 27 Hollywood movies. This is indicative of the fact that today, people are exchanging information across different countries, that people are conversing about a product on social media and people are sharing information about a product on social media and, thus, proving the hypothesis. Further, the results indicate that the users in USA, Canada and UK, tweet more than the other countries, USA and UK being the highest in tweets followed by the Canada. On the other hand, the number of tweets in Australia, India and South Africa are low with New Zealand being the lowest of all the countries. This indicates that different countries’ users have different social media behaviour. Some countries use social media to communicate about their experience more than in some other country. However, consumers from all over the world are using Twitter to express their views openly and freely. Originality/value – This research is useful to scholars and enterprises to understand opinions on Twitter social media and predict their impact. The study can be extended to any products which can lead to better customer relationship management. Companies can use the Internet and social media to promote and get feedback on their products and services across different parts of the world. Governments can inform the public about their new policies, benefits of governmental programmes to people and ways to improve the Internet reach to more people and also for creating awareness about health, hygiene, natural calamities and safety.
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Lupton, Deborah, and Mike Michael. "“For Me, the Biggest Benefit Is Being Ahead of the Game”:The Use of Social Media in Health Work." Social Media + Society 3, no. 2 (April 2017): 205630511770254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305117702541.
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Using social media in the workplace raises a number of issues for any occupation. In this article, we report the findings of a study that investigated how social media are used in a field of health work. The study uses semi-structured interviews conducted by telephone with 15 participants working in communicable disease in Australia. We identified several key features shaping the use of social media. These included the sociomaterial aspects of the workplace (to what extent employees were provided with access to and allowed to use the Internet), the affordances of social media technologies (fast and real-time communication and sharing, opportunities to easily connect with peers as well as the public, and the casual tone of interactions), tacit norms and assumptions about professional behavior and social media (whether social media are considered to be appropriate tools to use for work and how they should best be used), the specific nature of people’s work (how sensitive, stigmatized, contentious, or political were the diseases they focused on), and the nature of people’s own experiences (how other social media users responded to them, what value they perceived they gained from using social media for work, and the types of networks they were able to establish). The findings of this study highlight the importance of context when considering how people use social media in the workplace.
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Muthumani, M., and K. Chinnasamy. "Enhancing Role and Impact of Librarians in Research Output through Internet Tools: A Case Study Based on Google Scholar Profiles of Engineering Colleges in and around Madurai." Asian Journal of Information Science and Technology 9, S1 (February 5, 2019): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajist-2019.9.s1.218.
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A librarian in an academic institution plays a potentially very crucial role in the research output of the institution. Digital literacy of the librarian will be of immense help for the researchers and the institution with the ever increasing availability of internet and mobile tools. The wealth of information contained in the publicly accessible Google Scholar profiles is one such useful tool. A case study is carried out by analysing the profiles of research faculty in 12 (twelve) engineering colleges located in Madurai district. The user profiles having verified email IDs with the domain names of these institutions form part of this study. It has been demonstrated that the librarians can play an enhanced role in research output and its impact by effectively using such readily available information in a myriad ways. With the citation indicators viz. citations, h-index and i10-index for different researchers in the institution, the librarian can help the researcher and the institution compare the productivity and impact of research work. The librarian will be able to find out the publications with higher research impact and make informed decisions on subscriptions etc. Such bench marking will also help the institution to attract research talent; to identify and reward impactful works; and to publicize achievements. By creating a tag cloud of research areas in an engineering college derived through Google Scholar profiles it is illustrated how librarian can plan the library resources to be made available to the users. (S)he can further probe the above labels and find out the highly acclaimed journals in the field, post latest developments in the research field, help the users connect with the other leading researchers in the field etc. Similarly, a study of co-authors of a researcher in one of the colleges in Madurai reveals that the collaborative research network extends beyond district / state borders and comprises institutions of countries such as Australia, China and Korea. Having known this, a librarian can understand the research network – physical and virtual – and facilitate further collaboration. The readily available Google Scholar user profiles of researchers of an academic institution give a good deal of information that covers many of the impact indicators used in frameworks such as Becker Medical Library Model for Research Impact. Such possibilities are elaborated using a case study of the profiles of researchers in twelve Madurai based Engineering Colleges.
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Hung, Lillian, Flora To-Miles, Winnie Kan, Alisha Temirova, Jim Mann, and Christine Wallsworth. "USING VIRTUAL REALITY IN AGED CARE SETTINGS: A SCOPING REVIEW." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2850.
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Abstract Recent advancement of virtual reality (VR) technology has led to growing interest in using VR in aged-care settings. VR can help ameliorate experiences of loneliness and social isolation, which is especially important during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, increasingly more studies are being published on this topic, and a comprehensive review of studies examining the facilitators and barriers of adopting VR in these settings is needed. This scoping review reports the facilitators and barriers to implementing VR in care settings among older adults, as well as the impact on social engagement and/or loneliness. We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology, and searched the following databases: CINHAL, Embase, Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria includes articles published in the last five years that focus on older adults using VR in aged-care settings. 199 articles were retrieved and 21 articles were included in our review. Most of the articles (38%) originated from Australia. Key facilitators for using VR in aged care settings are the technology being user-friendly, comfortable, and easy to clean. Barriers included: technology issues (e.g., internet connectivity), staff attitude/ worries, and impact on residents, and structural considerations (e.g., lack of staff and time to assist with the VR program). VR technology can decrease loneliness and feelings of isolation, and provide opportunities to engage with others. Our review of the current evidence offers insights and recommendations for health care professionals to use VR technology in aged care settings, maximizing benefits and minimizing risks among users.
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Adapa, Sujana. "Circumstances Probing Internet Banking Users to Use Alternative Channels: Thematic Matrix Display Analysis." Information Management and Business Review 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v5i1.1022.
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This study highlights the circumstances that actually probe internet banking users to switch to the use of alternative channels in performing their banking transactions within Australian context. Data obtained from 372 internet banking users was analysed by employing thematic matrix analysis technique to identify various macro and micro thematic categories in that hierarchical order of importance. Results revealed factors such as ‘unable to perform over the internet’, ‘lack of internet access’, ‘not sure of something’, ‘problem rectification’, ‘proximity to auxiliary facilities’ and ‘type of internet connectivity’ were relevant in identifying the circumstances under which they preferred to use other banking channels. The study provides important implications for the formulation of effective service delivery channel management strategies by way of implementing effective mechanisms. Moreover, the study also outlines important guidelines for practical solutions in order to reduce the impact of situational barriers thus focusing on effective customer retention strategies. With the information provided by this research, bank executives, consultants and academics will have enhanced knowledge of the service areas they need to focus on to improve customer satisfaction, retention and profitability in the financial services businesses.
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Ospina-Pinillos, Laura, Tracey Davenport, Antonio Mendoza Diaz, Alvaro Navarro-Mancilla, Elizabeth M. Scott, and Ian B. Hickie. "Using Participatory Design Methodologies to Co-Design and Culturally Adapt the Spanish Version of the Mental Health eClinic: Qualitative Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 21, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): e14127. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14127.
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Background The Mental Health eClinic (MHeC) aims to deliver best-practice clinical services to young people experiencing mental health problems by making clinical care accessible, affordable, and available to young people whenever and wherever they need it most. The original MHeC consists of home page with a visible triage system for those requiring urgent help; a online physical and mental health self-report assessment; a results dashboard; a booking and videoconferencing system; and the generation of a personalized well-being plan. Populations who do not speak English and reside in English-speaking countries are less likely to receive mental health care. In Australia, international students have been identified as disadvantaged compared with their peers; have weaker social support networks; and have higher rates of psychological distress. This scenario is acquiring significant relevance as Spanish-speaking migration is rapidly growing in Australia, and the mental health services for culturally and linguistically diverse populations are limited. Having a Spanish version (MHeC-S) of the Mental Health eClinic would greatly benefit these students. Objective We used participatory design methodologies with users (young people aged 16-30 years, supportive others, and health professionals) to (1) conduct workshops with users to co-design and culturally adapt the MHeC; (2) inform the development of the MHeC-S alpha prototype; (3) test the usability of the MHeC-S alpha prototype; (4) translate, culturally adapt, and face-validate the MHeC-S self-report assessment; and (5) collect information to inform its beta prototype. Methods A research and development cycle included several participatory design phases: co-design workshops; knowledge translation; language translation and cultural adaptation; and rapid prototyping and user testing of the MHeC-S alpha prototype. Results We held 2 co-design workshops with 17 users (10 young people, 7 health professionals). A total of 15 participated in the one-on-one user testing sessions (7 young people, 5 health professionals, 3 supportive others). We collected 225 source documents, and thematic analysis resulted in 5 main themes (help-seeking barriers, technology platform, functionality, content, and user interface). A random sample of 106 source documents analyzed by 2 independent raters revealed almost perfect agreement for functionality (kappa=.86; P<.001) and content (kappa=.92; P<.001) and substantial agreement for the user interface (kappa=.785; P<.001). In this random sample, no annotations were coded for help-seeking barriers or the technology platform. Language was identified as the main barrier to getting medical or psychological services, and smartphones were the most-used device to access the internet. Acceptability was adequate for the prototype’s 5 main elements: home page and triage system, self-report assessment, dashboard of results, booking and video visit system, and personalized well-being plan. The data also revealed gaps in the alpha prototype, such as the need for tailored assessment tools and a greater integration with Spanish-speaking services and communities. Spanish-language apps and e-tools, as well as online mental health information, were lacking. Conclusions Through a research and development process, we co-designed and culturally adapted, developed and user tested, and evaluated the MHeC-S. By translating and culturally adapting the MHeC to Spanish, we aimed to increase accessibility and availability of e-mental health care in the developing world, and assist vulnerable populations that have migrated to English-speaking countries.
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Tracy, Marguerite Clare, Heather L. Shepherd, Pinika Patel, and Lyndal Jane Trevena. "Exploring the Vast Choice of Question Prompt Lists Available to Health Consumers via Google: Environmental Scan." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 5 (May 29, 2020): e17002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17002.
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Background There is increasing interest in shared decision making (SDM) in Australia. Question prompt lists (QPLs) support question asking by patients, a key part of SDM. QPLs have been studied in a variety of settings, and increasingly the internet provides a source of suggested questions for patients. Environmental scans have been shown to be useful in assessing the availability and quality of online SDM tools. Objective This study aimed to assess the number and readability of QPLs available to users via Google.com.au. Methods Our environmental scan used search terms derived from literature and reputable websites to search for QPLs available via Google.com.au. Following removal of duplicates from the 4000 URLs and 22 reputable sites, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to create a list of unique QPLs. A sample of 20 QPLs was further assessed for list length, proxy measures of quality such as a date of review, and evidence of doctor endorsement. Readability of the sample QPL instructions and QPLs themselves was assessed using Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level scores. Results Our environmental scan identified 173 unique QPLs available to users. Lists ranged in length from 1 question to >200 questions. Of our sample, 50% (10/20) had a listed date of creation or update, and 60% (12/20) had evidence of authorship or source. Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level scores for instructions were higher than for the QPLs (grades 10.3 and 7.7, respectively). There was over a 1 grade difference between QPLs from reputable sites compared with other sites (grades 4.2 and 5.4, respectively). Conclusions People seeking questions to ask their doctor using Google.com.au encounter a vast number of question lists that they can use to prepare for consultations with their doctors. Markers of the quality or usefulness of various types of online QPLs, either surrogate or direct, have not yet been established, which makes it difficult to assess the value of the abundance of lists. Doctor endorsement of question asking has previously been shown to be an important factor in the effectiveness of QPLs, but information regarding this is not readily available online. Whether these diverse QPLs are endorsed by medical practitioners warrants further investigation.
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Arbon, Paul, Jo Hayes, and Richard Woodman. "First Aid and Harm Minimization for Victims of Road Trauma: A Population Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, no. 4 (August 2011): 276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11006522.
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AbstractIntroduction: This project examined the use of first aid by bystanders at road traffic crashes (RTC) and was undertaken in the context of increasing average ambulance response times to RTC throughout Australia and the potential impact of early first aid intervention on the mortality and morbidity associated with RTC. The aim of this project was to acquire knowledge about the prevalence of first aid training; the incidence of being a bystander and of providing first aid; the range of first aid skills being utilized; the motivation to intervene; and, the perceived impact of first aid training.Methods: An Internet-based survey was distributed to a potential population of 12,500 road users and a total of 773 responded. Descriptive and comparative statistical analysis of quantitative data and thematic analysis of qualitative data were completed.Results: Seventy-seven percent (77%) of participants had first aid training at some stage in their lives; 28% held a current first aid certificate; 11% had provided first aid at RTC; 75.3% who had provided first aid were travelling in a vehicle. Having first aid training increased the likelihood of intervention and of owning a first aid kit or pocket mask.Conclusions: First aid training, even if it is not current, is an enabler for providing first aid at RTCs. The first aid skills most commonly used were changing posture, opening an airway, and providing comfort and reassurance. Key concerns for first aiders included a feeling of a lack of follow-up, and lack of an opportunity to debrief. Strategies to increase first aid training, to improve information and support, and to increase the knowledge of first aider’s are discussed.
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Borg, Kim, and Liam Smith. "Digital inclusion and online behaviour: five typologies of Australian internet users." Behaviour & Information Technology 37, no. 4 (February 15, 2018): 367–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2018.1436593.
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Adikari, Achini, Rashmika Nawaratne, Daswin De Silva, Sajani Ranasinghe, Oshadi Alahakoon, and Damminda Alahakoon. "Emotions of COVID-19: Content Analysis of Self-Reported Information Using Artificial Intelligence." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): e27341. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/27341.
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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted human societies around the world. This public health emergency was followed by a significant loss of human life; the ensuing social restrictions led to loss of employment, lack of interactions, and burgeoning psychological distress. As physical distancing regulations were introduced to manage outbreaks, individuals, groups, and communities engaged extensively on social media to express their thoughts and emotions. This internet-mediated communication of self-reported information encapsulates the emotional health and mental well-being of all individuals impacted by the pandemic. Objective This research aims to investigate the human emotions related to the COVID-19 pandemic expressed on social media over time, using an artificial intelligence (AI) framework. Methods Our study explores emotion classifications, intensities, transitions, and profiles, as well as alignment to key themes and topics, across the four stages of the pandemic: declaration of a global health crisis (ie, prepandemic), the first lockdown, easing of restrictions, and the second lockdown. This study employs an AI framework comprised of natural language processing, word embeddings, Markov models, and the growing self-organizing map algorithm, which are collectively used to investigate social media conversations. The investigation was carried out using 73,000 public Twitter conversations posted by users in Australia from January to September 2020. Results The outcomes of this study enabled us to analyze and visualize different emotions and related concerns that were expressed and reflected on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic, which could be used to gain insights into citizens’ mental health. First, the topic analysis showed the diverse as well as common concerns people had expressed during the four stages of the pandemic. It was noted that personal-level concerns expressed on social media had escalated to broader concerns over time. Second, the emotion intensity and emotion state transitions showed that fear and sadness emotions were more prominently expressed at first; however, emotions transitioned into anger and disgust over time. Negative emotions, except for sadness, were significantly higher (P<.05) in the second lockdown, showing increased frustration. Temporal emotion analysis was conducted by modeling the emotion state changes across the four stages of the pandemic, which demonstrated how different emotions emerged and shifted over time. Third, the concerns expressed by social media users were categorized into profiles, where differences could be seen between the first and second lockdown profiles. Conclusions This study showed that the diverse emotions and concerns that were expressed and recorded on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic reflected the mental health of the general public. While this study established the use of social media to discover informed insights during a time when physical communication was impossible, the outcomes could also contribute toward postpandemic recovery and understanding psychological impact via emotion changes, and they could potentially inform health care decision making. This study exploited AI and social media to enhance our understanding of human behaviors in global emergencies, which could lead to improved planning and policy making for future crises.